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MANUAL RESEARCH PROJECT B.Ed (1.5 YEAR/2.5 YEAR) Code No: 8613 DEPARTMENT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND ELEMENTARY TEACHER EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

2013, sdssd

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200+ Action Research Topics for B.Ed Students [Updated 2024]

Starting your B.Ed journey is exciting for future teachers. One crucial aspect of this academic pursuit is action research – a dynamic process that bridges theory and practice, allowing students to delve into real-world educational challenges. In this blog, we will explore the significance of action research topics for b.ed students, shed light on the criteria for selecting engaging topics, and provide a comprehensive list of actionable research ideas.

Understanding Action Research in B.Ed

Table of Contents

Action research is not merely a theoretical concept; it’s a practical approach that encourages educators to actively engage in systematic inquiry to improve teaching and learning. In the context of B.Ed programs, it serves as a bridge between academic knowledge and the challenges faced in actual classrooms.

This methodology empowers future educators to become reflective practitioners, constantly refining their teaching strategies based on evidence and experience.

How to Select Action Research Topics?

Selecting action research topics is a crucial step that can significantly impact the success and relevance of your research. Here’s a simplified guide on how to choose action research topics:

Identify Your Passion and Interests:
Consider what aspects of education or teaching excite you the most.
Reflect on your own experiences as a student or any challenges you’ve observed in educational settings.
Align with B.Ed Curriculum:
Ensure your chosen topic aligns with the curriculum of your B.Ed program.
Examine your course materials and note any places where you can put theoretical ideas to use in practical situations.
Address Current Educational Issues:
Keep informed on contemporary issues and developments in education.
Choose a topic that addresses a relevant and pressing issue in the field, contributing to ongoing discussions.
Consider Feasibility:
Assess the feasibility of your research topic within the constraints of time and resources.
Ensure that the scope of your research is manageable and can be realistically implemented.
Potential for Impact:
Evaluate the potential impact of your research on teaching and learning.
Aim for topics that have practical implications and can bring about positive changes in educational practices.
Consult with Mentors and Instructors:
Seek guidance from your mentors, instructors, or advisors.
Discuss your ideas with them to receive valuable insights and suggestions for refining your research topic.
Brainstorm and Research:
Make a list of possible subjects that fit the above-mentioned requirements and correspond with your interests.
Conduct preliminary research to ensure there is enough existing literature and resources to support your chosen topic.
Narrow Down Your Options:
Evaluate each potential topic based on relevance, feasibility, and potential impact.
Narrow down your options to one or two topics that best meet the criteria and align with your goals.
Ensure Personal Connection:
Select a subject that speaks to you personally. Your passion and commitment to the subject will enhance the quality of your research.
Get Feedback:
Share your shortlisted topics with peers, mentors, or classmates.
Gather feedback to ensure your chosen topic is well-received and has support within your academic community.

200+ Action Research Topics for B.Ed Students: Category Wise

Classroom management and discipline.

The impact of positive reinforcement on student behavior.
Strategies for managing disruptive behavior in the classroom.
The effectiveness of peer mediation in resolving conflicts among students.
Creating a culturally responsive approach to classroom discipline.
Investigating the influence of classroom layout on student behavior.
Implementing restorative justice practices in schools.
Examining the role of teacher-student relationships in classroom discipline.
Assessing the impact of mindfulness practices on student behavior.

Teaching Strategies and Methods

Differentiating instruction to meet diverse learning needs.
The effectiveness of project-based learning in enhancing student engagement.
Exploring flipped classroom models in B.Ed teaching.
Investigating the impact of cooperative learning strategies.
Adapting teaching methods for students with diverse learning styles.
The use of educational technology in improving learning outcomes.
The impact of inquiry-based learning on critical thinking skills.
Exploring the effectiveness of outdoor education.

Student Engagement and Motivation

Investigating factors influencing student motivation in mathematics.
The role of extracurricular activities in promoting student engagement.
Strategies for fostering a growth mindset in students.
Enhancing student motivation through gamification in education.
Investigating the impact of teacher enthusiasm on student motivation.
The role of peer collaboration in increasing student engagement.
Examining the impact of culturally relevant teaching on student motivation.
Strategies for motivating unmotivated students in the classroom.

Assessment and Evaluation

The impact of formative assessment on student learning outcomes.
Investigating the effectiveness of self-assessment in student evaluation.
Strategies for reducing bias in assessment and grading.
Exploring alternative methods for assessing student creativity.
The impact of standardized testing on student stress levels.
Designing authentic assessments for real-world application.
Investigating the role of feedback in student performance improvement.
Strategies for promoting self-regulated learning through assessment.

Inclusive Education

The effectiveness of inclusive classrooms in promoting diversity.
Strategies for supporting students with learning disabilities.
Investigating the impact of inclusive education on peer relationships.
Creating an inclusive curriculum for students with diverse needs.
The role of teacher attitudes in promoting inclusive practices.
Strategies for addressing unconscious bias in the classroom.
The impact of inclusive education on the social-emotional development of students.
Designing inclusive assessments for all learners.

Parent and Community Involvement

The role of parental involvement in student academic achievement.
Strategies for enhancing communication between teachers and parents.
Investigating the impact of community partnerships on student success.
Creating a positive home-school connection for student support.
Strategies for involving parents in students’ homework and study routines.
The role of community resources in addressing student needs.
Examining the impact of parent-teacher conferences on student performance.
Strategies for involving parents in school decision-making.

English Language Learning (ELL)

The impact of language immersion programs on ELL student outcomes.
Strategies for supporting ELL students in mainstream classrooms.
Investigating the effectiveness of bilingual education programs.
Creating a culturally responsive approach to teaching English.
The role of technology in supporting ELL students.
Strategies for promoting language development in ELL students.
Exploring the impact of teacher attitudes on ELL student success.
The effectiveness of language support programs for ELL students.

Special Education

Strategies for promoting inclusive practices in special education.
Investigating the impact of assistive technology on student learning.
Creating individualized education plans (IEPs) for student success.
The role of teacher collaboration in supporting special education students.
Strategies for addressing behavioral challenges in special education settings.
The impact of inclusive classrooms on students with autism spectrum disorders.
Investigating the effectiveness of speech and language therapy in schools.
Creating sensory-friendly environments for special education students.

Educational Leadership

The impact of distributed leadership on school culture.
Strategies for fostering teacher leadership in schools.
Investigating the role of school leadership in teacher retention.
Creating a positive school climate through effective leadership.
The impact of professional development on leadership skills.
Strategies for promoting shared decision-making in schools.
Investigating the role of emotional intelligence in educational leadership.
The effectiveness of mentorship programs for new teachers.

Classroom Environment

Investigating the impact of classroom aesthetics on student well-being.
Strategies for creating a positive and inclusive classroom climate.
The role of flexible seating arrangements in student engagement.
Designing a culturally responsive classroom environment.
Investigating the impact of classroom lighting on student focus.
Strategies for promoting a sense of belonging in the classroom.
The effectiveness of incorporating nature in the classroom.
Investigating the role of classroom layout on collaborative learning.

Technology Integration

Strategies for integrating digital literacy skills into the curriculum.
Investigating the impact of virtual reality in educational settings.
Creating a responsible approach to social media use in education.
The role of online platforms in promoting student collaboration.
Strategies for addressing the digital divide in schools.
Investigating the impact of blended learning on student outcomes.
The effectiveness of gamified learning apps in the classroom.
Exploring the use of artificial intelligence in education.

Professional Development

Strategies for promoting ongoing professional development for teachers.
Investigating the impact of peer mentoring on teacher effectiveness.
The role of teacher collaboration in professional growth.
Designing effective workshops for teacher skill enhancement.
Investigating the impact of reflective practices on teacher development.
Strategies for addressing burnout and promoting teacher well-being.
The role of action research in teacher professional development.
The effectiveness of online professional development courses.

Literacy Development

Investigating the impact of reading interventions on struggling readers.
Strategies for promoting literacy across subject areas.
The role of parental involvement in promoting early literacy.
Exploring the impact of storytelling on language development.
Strategies for addressing literacy challenges in diverse student populations.
The effectiveness of using technology in literacy instruction.
Investigating the impact of library programs on student reading habits.
Promoting a love for reading through innovative literacy initiatives.

Mathematics Education

Strategies for promoting conceptual understanding in mathematics.
Investigating the impact of real-world applications in math instruction.
The role of formative assessment in improving math performance.
Designing effective math interventions for struggling students.
Investigating the impact of technology in mathematics education.
Strategies for promoting a growth mindset in math learning.
The effectiveness of collaborative learning in math classrooms.
Investigating the role of teacher enthusiasm in math engagement.

Science Education

Strategies for promoting hands-on learning in science classrooms.
Investigating the impact of outdoor education on science understanding.
The role of inquiry-based learning in science education.
Designing effective science experiments for student engagement.
Investigating the impact of STEM programs on student interest.
Strategies for promoting environmental education in schools.
The effectiveness of science fairs in promoting scientific inquiry.
Investigating the role of teacher modeling in science instruction.

Social Studies Education

Strategies for promoting critical thinking in social studies.
Investigating the impact of project-based learning in social studies.
The role of cultural sensitivity in social studies curriculum.
Designing effective field trips for social studies education.
Investigating the impact of current events in social studies instruction.
Strategies for addressing bias in social studies textbooks.
The effectiveness of using primary sources in social studies classes.
Investigating the role of debate in social studies learning.

Arts Education

Strategies for integrating the arts into STEM education.
Investigating the impact of arts education on overall academic achievement.
The role of arts education in promoting creativity and innovation.
Designing effective arts programs for students with diverse abilities.
Investigating the impact of music education on cognitive development.
Strategies for promoting inclusivity in arts education.
The effectiveness of drama and theater in enhancing student communication skills.
Investigating the role of visual arts in fostering cultural awareness.

Physical Education

Strategies for promoting lifelong fitness habits in students.
Investigating the impact of physical education on academic performance.
The role of technology in enhancing physical education classes.
Designing effective physical education programs for students with disabilities.
Investigating the impact of outdoor activities on physical and mental well-being.
Strategies for promoting teamwork and cooperation in physical education.
The effectiveness of mindfulness practices in physical education.
Investigating the role of physical activity in reducing stress among students.

Health Education

Strategies for promoting health literacy in schools.
Investigating the impact of nutrition education on student habits.
The role of mental health education in schools.
Designing effective sex education programs for diverse student populations.
Investigating the impact of mindfulness practices on student well-being.
Strategies for addressing substance abuse education in schools.
The effectiveness of peer-led health education programs.
Investigating the role of physical activity in promoting overall health.

Environmental Education

Strategies for promoting environmental literacy in schools.
Investigating the impact of outdoor education on environmental awareness.
The role of sustainability education in the curriculum.
Designing effective environmental science programs.
Investigating the impact of school gardens on student learning.
Strategies for promoting eco-friendly practices in schools.
The effectiveness of community-based environmental projects.
Investigating the role of technology in environmental education.

Early Childhood Education

Strategies for promoting play-based learning in early childhood.
Investigating the impact of parental involvement in early education.
The role of early literacy development in overall academic success.
Designing effective transition programs for kindergarten readiness.
Investigating the impact of technology in early childhood classrooms.
Strategies for promoting social-emotional development in young children.
The effectiveness of inclusive practices in early childhood education.
Investigating the role of outdoor play in early childhood development.

Higher Education

Strategies for promoting student engagement in college classrooms.
Investigating the impact of online learning on student outcomes.
The role of mentorship programs in supporting college students.
Designing effective study skills programs for university success.
Investigating the impact of student support services on retention.
Strategies for addressing mental health challenges in higher education.
The effectiveness of peer-led tutoring programs.
Investigating the role of technology in higher education.

Educational Policy and Reform

Strategies for promoting teacher involvement in policy development.
Investigating the impact of standardized testing on educational equity.
The role of teacher evaluation systems in promoting professional growth.
Designing effective professional development policies for educators.
Investigating the impact of inclusive education policies on student outcomes.
Strategies for addressing school funding disparities.
The effectiveness of school choice programs in improving education.
Investigating the role of community involvement in educational policy.

Global Education

Strategies for promoting global citizenship in classrooms.
Investigating the impact of international exchange programs on student perspectives.
The role of technology in connecting students globally.
Designing effective multicultural education programs.
Investigating the impact of global issues in the curriculum.
Strategies for promoting cultural competence in teacher education.
The effectiveness of language immersion programs in promoting global awareness.
Investigating the role of service learning in global education.

Teacher Well-being

Strategies for promoting teacher well-being and mental health.
Investigating the impact of work-life balance on teacher effectiveness.
The role of professional development in reducing teacher burnout.
Designing effective stress management programs for educators.
Investigating the impact of school leadership on teacher job satisfaction.
Strategies for addressing teacher turnover in schools.
The effectiveness of mindfulness practices in reducing teacher stress.
Investigating the role of supportive school environments in teacher well-being .

Steps to Conduct Action Research in B.Ed

To embark on a successful action research journey, B.Ed students should follow a structured process:

Formulating a Clear Research Question: Clearly define the problem or challenge you aim to address.
Conducting a Literature Review: Explore existing research to inform and contextualize your study.
Designing the Research Methodology: Plan the research approach, including data collection methods and analysis.
Collecting and Analyzing Data: Gather relevant data and analyze it to draw meaningful conclusions.
Drawing Conclusions and Making Recommendations: Synthesize your findings and propose actionable recommendations.

Benefits of Action Research Topics for B.Ed Students

Engaging in action research offers numerous benefits for B.Ed students:

Professional Development Opportunities: Action research enhances educators’ professional growth by fostering a reflective and iterative approach to teaching.
Enhancing Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Skills: Students develop strong problem-solving and critical thinking skills as they navigate real-world educational challenges.
Contributing to the Improvement of Teaching Practices: Action research enables educators to actively contribute to the continuous improvement of teaching practices within their classrooms and beyond.

In conclusion, action research is a powerful tool that empowers B.Ed students to bridge the gap between theory and practice. By carefully selecting relevant and engaging topics, students can embark on a transformative journey that not only enhances their academic experience but also contributes to the broader field of education.

As we encourage B.Ed students to explore and engage in meaningful Action Research Topics for B.Ed Students, we pave the way for a future generation of educators committed to continuous improvement and excellence in teaching.

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17 Research Proposal Examples

research proposal example sections definition and purpose, explained below

A research proposal systematically and transparently outlines a proposed research project.

The purpose of a research proposal is to demonstrate a project’s viability and the researcher’s preparedness to conduct an academic study. It serves as a roadmap for the researcher.

The process holds value both externally (for accountability purposes and often as a requirement for a grant application) and intrinsic value (for helping the researcher to clarify the mechanics, purpose, and potential signficance of the study).

Key sections of a research proposal include: the title, abstract, introduction, literature review, research design and methods, timeline, budget, outcomes and implications, references, and appendix. Each is briefly explained below.

Watch my Guide: How to Write a Research Proposal

Get your Template for Writing your Research Proposal Here (With AI Prompts!)

Research Proposal Sample Structure

Title: The title should present a concise and descriptive statement that clearly conveys the core idea of the research projects. Make it as specific as possible. The reader should immediately be able to grasp the core idea of the intended research project. Often, the title is left too vague and does not help give an understanding of what exactly the study looks at.

Abstract: Abstracts are usually around 250-300 words and provide an overview of what is to follow – including the research problem , objectives, methods, expected outcomes, and significance of the study. Use it as a roadmap and ensure that, if the abstract is the only thing someone reads, they’ll get a good fly-by of what will be discussed in the peice.

Introduction: Introductions are all about contextualization. They often set the background information with a statement of the problem. At the end of the introduction, the reader should understand what the rationale for the study truly is. I like to see the research questions or hypotheses included in the introduction and I like to get a good understanding of what the significance of the research will be. It’s often easiest to write the introduction last

Literature Review: The literature review dives deep into the existing literature on the topic, demosntrating your thorough understanding of the existing literature including themes, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the literature. It serves both to demonstrate your knowledge of the field and, to demonstrate how the proposed study will fit alongside the literature on the topic. A good literature review concludes by clearly demonstrating how your research will contribute something new and innovative to the conversation in the literature.

Research Design and Methods: This section needs to clearly demonstrate how the data will be gathered and analyzed in a systematic and academically sound manner. Here, you need to demonstrate that the conclusions of your research will be both valid and reliable. Common points discussed in the research design and methods section include highlighting the research paradigm, methodologies, intended population or sample to be studied, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures . Toward the end of this section, you are encouraged to also address ethical considerations and limitations of the research process , but also to explain why you chose your research design and how you are mitigating the identified risks and limitations.

Timeline: Provide an outline of the anticipated timeline for the study. Break it down into its various stages (including data collection, data analysis, and report writing). The goal of this section is firstly to establish a reasonable breakdown of steps for you to follow and secondly to demonstrate to the assessors that your project is practicable and feasible.

Budget: Estimate the costs associated with the research project and include evidence for your estimations. Typical costs include staffing costs, equipment, travel, and data collection tools. When applying for a scholarship, the budget should demonstrate that you are being responsible with your expensive and that your funding application is reasonable.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: A discussion of the anticipated findings or results of the research, as well as the potential contributions to the existing knowledge, theory, or practice in the field. This section should also address the potential impact of the research on relevant stakeholders and any broader implications for policy or practice.

References: A complete list of all the sources cited in the research proposal, formatted according to the required citation style. This demonstrates the researcher’s familiarity with the relevant literature and ensures proper attribution of ideas and information.

Appendices (if applicable): Any additional materials, such as questionnaires, interview guides, or consent forms, that provide further information or support for the research proposal. These materials should be included as appendices at the end of the document.

Research Proposal Examples

Research proposals often extend anywhere between 2,000 and 15,000 words in length. The following snippets are samples designed to briefly demonstrate what might be discussed in each section.

1. Education Studies Research Proposals

See some real sample pieces:

Assessment of the perceptions of teachers towards a new grading system
Does ICT use in secondary classrooms help or hinder student learning?
Digital technologies in focus project
Urban Middle School Teachers’ Experiences of the Implementation of
Restorative Justice Practices
Experiences of students of color in service learning

Consider this hypothetical education research proposal:

The Impact of Game-Based Learning on Student Engagement and Academic Performance in Middle School Mathematics

Abstract: The proposed study will explore multiplayer game-based learning techniques in middle school mathematics curricula and their effects on student engagement. The study aims to contribute to the current literature on game-based learning by examining the effects of multiplayer gaming in learning.

Introduction: Digital game-based learning has long been shunned within mathematics education for fears that it may distract students or lower the academic integrity of the classrooms. However, there is emerging evidence that digital games in math have emerging benefits not only for engagement but also academic skill development. Contributing to this discourse, this study seeks to explore the potential benefits of multiplayer digital game-based learning by examining its impact on middle school students’ engagement and academic performance in a mathematics class.

Literature Review: The literature review has identified gaps in the current knowledge, namely, while game-based learning has been extensively explored, the role of multiplayer games in supporting learning has not been studied.

Research Design and Methods: This study will employ a mixed-methods research design based upon action research in the classroom. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design will first be used to compare the academic performance and engagement of middle school students exposed to game-based learning techniques with those in a control group receiving instruction without the aid of technology. Students will also be observed and interviewed in regard to the effect of communication and collaboration during gameplay on their learning.

Timeline: The study will take place across the second term of the school year with a pre-test taking place on the first day of the term and the post-test taking place on Wednesday in Week 10.

Budget: The key budgetary requirements will be the technologies required, including the subscription cost for the identified games and computers.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: It is expected that the findings will contribute to the current literature on game-based learning and inform educational practices, providing educators and policymakers with insights into how to better support student achievement in mathematics.

2. Psychology Research Proposals

See some real examples:

A situational analysis of shared leadership in a self-managing team
The effect of musical preference on running performance
Relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating amongst adolescent females

Consider this hypothetical psychology research proposal:

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Stress Reduction in College Students

Abstract: This research proposal examines the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on stress reduction among college students, using a pre-test/post-test experimental design with both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods .

Introduction: College students face heightened stress levels during exam weeks. This can affect both mental health and test performance. This study explores the potential benefits of mindfulness-based interventions such as meditation as a way to mediate stress levels in the weeks leading up to exam time.

Literature Review: Existing research on mindfulness-based meditation has shown the ability for mindfulness to increase metacognition, decrease anxiety levels, and decrease stress. Existing literature has looked at workplace, high school and general college-level applications. This study will contribute to the corpus of literature by exploring the effects of mindfulness directly in the context of exam weeks.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n= 234 ) will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group, receiving 5 days per week of 10-minute mindfulness-based interventions, or a control group, receiving no intervention. Data will be collected through self-report questionnaires, measuring stress levels, semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ experiences, and students’ test scores.

Timeline: The study will begin three weeks before the students’ exam week and conclude after each student’s final exam. Data collection will occur at the beginning (pre-test of self-reported stress levels) and end (post-test) of the three weeks.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: The study aims to provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress among college students in the lead up to exams, with potential implications for mental health support and stress management programs on college campuses.

3. Sociology Research Proposals

Understanding emerging social movements: A case study of ‘Jersey in Transition’
The interaction of health, education and employment in Western China
Can we preserve lower-income affordable neighbourhoods in the face of rising costs?

Consider this hypothetical sociology research proposal:

The Impact of Social Media Usage on Interpersonal Relationships among Young Adults

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effects of social media usage on interpersonal relationships among young adults, using a longitudinal mixed-methods approach with ongoing semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data.

Introduction: Social media platforms have become a key medium for the development of interpersonal relationships, particularly for young adults. This study examines the potential positive and negative effects of social media usage on young adults’ relationships and development over time.

Literature Review: A preliminary review of relevant literature has demonstrated that social media usage is central to development of a personal identity and relationships with others with similar subcultural interests. However, it has also been accompanied by data on mental health deline and deteriorating off-screen relationships. The literature is to-date lacking important longitudinal data on these topics.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n = 454 ) will be young adults aged 18-24. Ongoing self-report surveys will assess participants’ social media usage, relationship satisfaction, and communication patterns. A subset of participants will be selected for longitudinal in-depth interviews starting at age 18 and continuing for 5 years.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of five years, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide insights into the complex relationship between social media usage and interpersonal relationships among young adults, potentially informing social policies and mental health support related to social media use.

4. Nursing Research Proposals

Does Orthopaedic Pre-assessment clinic prepare the patient for admission to hospital?
Nurses’ perceptions and experiences of providing psychological care to burns patients
Registered psychiatric nurse’s practice with mentally ill parents and their children

Consider this hypothetical nursing research proposal:

The Influence of Nurse-Patient Communication on Patient Satisfaction and Health Outcomes following Emergency Cesarians

Abstract: This research will examines the impact of effective nurse-patient communication on patient satisfaction and health outcomes for women following c-sections, utilizing a mixed-methods approach with patient surveys and semi-structured interviews.

Introduction: It has long been known that effective communication between nurses and patients is crucial for quality care. However, additional complications arise following emergency c-sections due to the interaction between new mother’s changing roles and recovery from surgery.

Literature Review: A review of the literature demonstrates the importance of nurse-patient communication, its impact on patient satisfaction, and potential links to health outcomes. However, communication between nurses and new mothers is less examined, and the specific experiences of those who have given birth via emergency c-section are to date unexamined.

Research Design and Methods: Participants will be patients in a hospital setting who have recently had an emergency c-section. A self-report survey will assess their satisfaction with nurse-patient communication and perceived health outcomes. A subset of participants will be selected for in-depth interviews to explore their experiences and perceptions of the communication with their nurses.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including rolling recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing within the hospital.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the significance of nurse-patient communication in supporting new mothers who have had an emergency c-section. Recommendations will be presented for supporting nurses and midwives in improving outcomes for new mothers who had complications during birth.

5. Social Work Research Proposals

Experiences of negotiating employment and caring responsibilities of fathers post-divorce
Exploring kinship care in the north region of British Columbia

Consider this hypothetical social work research proposal:

The Role of a Family-Centered Intervention in Preventing Homelessness Among At-Risk Youthin a working-class town in Northern England

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effectiveness of a family-centered intervention provided by a local council area in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth. This case study will use a mixed-methods approach with program evaluation data and semi-structured interviews to collect quantitative and qualitative data .

Introduction: Homelessness among youth remains a significant social issue. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in addressing this problem and identify factors that contribute to successful prevention strategies.

Literature Review: A review of the literature has demonstrated several key factors contributing to youth homelessness including lack of parental support, lack of social support, and low levels of family involvement. It also demonstrates the important role of family-centered interventions in addressing this issue. Drawing on current evidence, this study explores the effectiveness of one such intervention in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth in a working-class town in Northern England.

Research Design and Methods: The study will evaluate a new family-centered intervention program targeting at-risk youth and their families. Quantitative data on program outcomes, including housing stability and family functioning, will be collected through program records and evaluation reports. Semi-structured interviews with program staff, participants, and relevant stakeholders will provide qualitative insights into the factors contributing to program success or failure.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Budget: Expenses include access to program evaluation data, interview materials, data analysis software, and any related travel costs for in-person interviews.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in preventing youth homelessness, potentially informing the expansion of or necessary changes to social work practices in Northern England.

Research Proposal Template

Get your Detailed Template for Writing your Research Proposal Here (With AI Prompts!)

This is a template for a 2500-word research proposal. You may find it difficult to squeeze everything into this wordcount, but it’s a common wordcount for Honors and MA-level dissertations.

Your research proposal is where you really get going with your study. I’d strongly recommend working closely with your teacher in developing a research proposal that’s consistent with the requirements and culture of your institution, as in my experience it varies considerably. The above template is from my own courses that walk students through research proposals in a British School of Education.

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ Social-Emotional Learning (Definition, Examples, Pros & Cons)
Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ What is Educational Psychology?
Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ What is IQ? (Intelligence Quotient)
Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 5 Top Tips for Succeeding at University

8 thoughts on “17 Research Proposal Examples”

Very excellent research proposals

very helpful

Very helpful

Dear Sir, I need some help to write an educational research proposal. Thank you.

Hi Levi, use the site search bar to ask a question and I’ll likely have a guide already written for your specific question. Thanks for reading!

very good research proposal

Thank you so much sir! ❤️

Very helpful 👌

50 Research Topics for B.Ed Students

Are you a B.Ed student looking for research topics to explore? Look no further! In this article, we’ll give you 50 Research Topics for B.Ed Students to choose from.

As a B.Ed student, you are tasked with a variety of assignments and projects, including research papers. However, one of the biggest challenges you’ll face is coming up with a research topic. The topic you choose will set the tone for your entire research paper, so it’s essential to choose wisely.

To help you out, we’ve put together a list of 50 research topics for B.Ed students. Whether you’re interested in exploring the latest teaching methods or examining the impact of technology on education, we’ve got you covered. So, without further ado, let’s dive in!

Table of Contents

50 Research Topics for B.Ed Students: Exploring the Possibilities

The impact of technology on teaching and learning
The effectiveness of online learning vs. traditional classroom learning
The role of parental involvement in student achievement
The impact of standardized testing on student learning
The effectiveness of inclusive education for students with disabilities
The relationship between teacher expectations and student achievement
The impact of student-teacher relationships on student learning
The effectiveness of co-teaching models in inclusive classrooms
The impact of cultural diversity on student learning
The role of teacher collaboration in improving student outcomes
The effectiveness of differentiated instruction in meeting the needs of diverse learners
The impact of poverty on student achievement
The effectiveness of character education in promoting positive student behavior
The relationship between school climate and student achievement
The impact of parental involvement in homework on student achievement
The effectiveness of peer tutoring in improving student achievement
The impact of teacher professional development on student achievement
The effectiveness of project-based learning in promoting student engagement
The impact of technology on parent-teacher communication
The role of school leadership in creating a positive school culture
The effectiveness of teacher mentoring programs in improving new teacher retention
The impact of teacher burnout on student achievement
The effectiveness of school-wide positive behavior interventions and supports (PBIS)
The impact of teacher-student race and ethnicity matching on student achievement
The effectiveness of student-led parent-teacher conferences
The impact of classroom design on student learning
The effectiveness of mindfulness practices in reducing student stress and anxiety
The impact of social media on student achievement
The effectiveness of restorative justice practices in reducing student suspensions
The impact of school choice on student achievement
The effectiveness of parent-teacher home visits in improving student achievement
The impact of teacher bias on student achievement
The effectiveness of school nutrition programs on student achievement
The impact of teacher autonomy on job satisfaction and student achievement
The effectiveness of inquiry-based learning in promoting student curiosity and critical thinking
The impact of teacher expectations on student motivation
The effectiveness of afterschool programs in improving student outcomes
The impact of teacher tenure on student achievement
The effectiveness of extracurricular activities in promoting student engagement
The impact of teacher diversity on student achievement
The effectiveness of technology integration in the classroom
The impact of teacher turnover on student achievement
The effectiveness of classroom management strategies in promoting positive student behavior
The impact of student mental health on academic achievement
The effectiveness of parent-teacher partnerships in promoting student success
The impact of teacher communication with parents on
The effectiveness of early childhood education in promoting long-term academic success
The impact of school funding on student achievement
The effectiveness of student-led conferences in promoting student ownership of learning
The impact of teacher-student relationships on student mental health

FAQs About Research Topics for B.Ed Students

How do I choose a research topic for my B.Ed program?

Choosing a research topic can be overwhelming, but it’s essential to choose a topic that aligns with your career goals and interests. Start by brainstorming topics that you are passionate about and that you’d like to explore further. Consider the impact of the topic on education and the research gap that you’d like to address.

What are some current trends in education research?

Some current trends in education research include the impact of technology on teaching and learning, inclusive education for students with disabilities, and the importance of teacher collaboration.

How do I conduct research for my B.Ed program?

To conduct research for your B.Ed program, start by identifying your research question and developing a research plan. This plan should include a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and a discussion of your findings. It’s essential to follow ethical guidelines when conducting research and to seek support from your faculty advisor.

What are some tips for writing a successful research paper?

To write a successful research paper, start by developing a clear and concise research question. Conduct a thorough literature review to identify the research gap that you’d like to address. Develop a research plan and adhere to ethical guidelines. Organize your paper into clear sections, including an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.

In conclusion, the 50 research topics for B.Ed students provide a range of possibilities for exploring the latest trends and issues in education. As a B.Ed student, it’s essential to choose a topic that aligns with your interests and career goals. Conducting research can be challenging, but with the right tools and support, you can develop a successful research paper that contributes to the field of education. So, choose a topic and dive in.

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AIOU Topic Selection for B.Eds Research Project

Check Out More Topics:

Aiou b.ed (1.5/2.5 years) spring topic suggestions according to new themes.

Main Theme:

Children’s socio-emotional development Topics

Role of teacher in developing children’s socio-emotional development at primary level
Role of elders in socio-emotional development of children
Development of socio-emotional and creative skills among children
Building children close relationships with peers for academic success
Role of teachers in developing emotional intelligence among children
Importance of social and emotional development among children
The importance of healthy teacher-student relationships to enhance marks/grades
Promoting healthy and effective relationships among school-going children
Effectiveness of school on children’s socialization
Designing schools to Support Socialization Processes of Students
The effects of parental reading socialization and early school involvement on children’s academic performance
Role of elders in children socialization process at grade 8
Role of the peer group in children socialization progression
Developing self-control for resolving conflicts among children at grade 5
How a teacher can promote good behavior among children
To explore the relationship between society and children’s socio-emotional development
Developing problem-solving skills among children
Impact of parent’s attitude on self-regulating behavior of children
role of the teacher in developing values in children to respect others
Developing dignity and respect in the classroom for mutual learning at the primary level
Developing self-regulating behavior of the students at the elementary level
Developing mutual cooperation in the classroom for academic performance at the primary level

What (Exactly) Is A Research Proposal?

A simple explainer with examples + free template.

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) | Reviewed By: Dr Eunice Rautenbach | June 2020 (Updated April 2023)

Whether you’re nearing the end of your degree and your dissertation is on the horizon, or you’re planning to apply for a PhD program, chances are you’ll need to craft a convincing research proposal . If you’re on this page, you’re probably unsure exactly what the research proposal is all about. Well, you’ve come to the right place.

Overview: Research Proposal Basics

What a research proposal is
What a research proposal needs to cover
How to structure your research proposal
Example /sample proposals
Proposal writing FAQs
Key takeaways & additional resources

What is a research proposal?

Simply put, a research proposal is a structured, formal document that explains what you plan to research (your research topic), why it’s worth researching (your justification), and how you plan to investigate it (your methodology).

The purpose of the research proposal (its job, so to speak) is to convince your research supervisor, committee or university that your research is suitable (for the requirements of the degree program) and manageable (given the time and resource constraints you will face).

The most important word here is “ convince ” – in other words, your research proposal needs to sell your research idea (to whoever is going to approve it). If it doesn’t convince them (of its suitability and manageability), you’ll need to revise and resubmit . This will cost you valuable time, which will either delay the start of your research or eat into its time allowance (which is bad news).

A research proposal is a formal document that explains what you plan to research , why it's worth researching and how you'll do it.

What goes into a research proposal?

A good dissertation or thesis proposal needs to cover the “ what “, “ why ” and” how ” of the proposed study. Let’s look at each of these attributes in a little more detail:

Your proposal needs to clearly articulate your research topic . This needs to be specific and unambiguous . Your research topic should make it clear exactly what you plan to research and in what context. Here’s an example of a well-articulated research topic:

An investigation into the factors which impact female Generation Y consumer’s likelihood to promote a specific makeup brand to their peers: a British context

As you can see, this topic is extremely clear. From this one line we can see exactly:

What’s being investigated – factors that make people promote or advocate for a brand of a specific makeup brand
Who it involves – female Gen-Y consumers
In what context – the United Kingdom

So, make sure that your research proposal provides a detailed explanation of your research topic . If possible, also briefly outline your research aims and objectives , and perhaps even your research questions (although in some cases you’ll only develop these at a later stage). Needless to say, don’t start writing your proposal until you have a clear topic in mind , or you’ll end up waffling and your research proposal will suffer as a result of this.

Need a helping hand?

As we touched on earlier, it’s not good enough to simply propose a research topic – you need to justify why your topic is original . In other words, what makes it unique ? What gap in the current literature does it fill? If it’s simply a rehash of the existing research, it’s probably not going to get approval – it needs to be fresh.

But, originality alone is not enough. Once you’ve ticked that box, you also need to justify why your proposed topic is important . In other words, what value will it add to the world if you achieve your research aims?

As an example, let’s look at the sample research topic we mentioned earlier (factors impacting brand advocacy). In this case, if the research could uncover relevant factors, these findings would be very useful to marketers in the cosmetics industry, and would, therefore, have commercial value . That is a clear justification for the research.

So, when you’re crafting your research proposal, remember that it’s not enough for a topic to simply be unique. It needs to be useful and value-creating – and you need to convey that value in your proposal. If you’re struggling to find a research topic that makes the cut, watch our video covering how to find a research topic .

Free Webinar: How To Write A Research Proposal

It’s all good and well to have a great topic that’s original and valuable, but you’re not going to convince anyone to approve it without discussing the practicalities – in other words:

How will you actually undertake your research (i.e., your methodology)?
Is your research methodology appropriate given your research aims?
Is your approach manageable given your constraints (time, money, etc.)?

While it’s generally not expected that you’ll have a fully fleshed-out methodology at the proposal stage, you’ll likely still need to provide a high-level overview of your research methodology . Here are some important questions you’ll need to address in your research proposal:

Will you take a qualitative , quantitative or mixed -method approach?
What sampling strategy will you adopt?
How will you collect your data (e.g., interviews, surveys, etc)?
How will you analyse your data (e.g., descriptive and inferential statistics , content analysis, discourse analysis, etc, .)?
What potential limitations will your methodology carry?

So, be sure to give some thought to the practicalities of your research and have at least a basic methodological plan before you start writing up your proposal. If this all sounds rather intimidating, the video below provides a good introduction to research methodology and the key choices you’ll need to make.

How To Structure A Research Proposal

Now that we’ve covered the key points that need to be addressed in a proposal, you may be wondering, “ But how is a research proposal structured? “.

While the exact structure and format required for a research proposal differs from university to university, there are four “essential ingredients” that commonly make up the structure of a research proposal:

A rich introduction and background to the proposed research
An initial literature review covering the existing research
An overview of the proposed research methodology
A discussion regarding the practicalities (project plans, timelines, etc.)

In the video below, we unpack each of these four sections, step by step.

Research Proposal Examples/Samples

In the video below, we provide a detailed walkthrough of two successful research proposals (Master’s and PhD-level), as well as our popular free proposal template.

Proposal Writing FAQs

How long should a research proposal be.

This varies tremendously, depending on the university, the field of study (e.g., social sciences vs natural sciences), and the level of the degree (e.g. undergraduate, Masters or PhD) – so it’s always best to check with your university what their specific requirements are before you start planning your proposal.

As a rough guide, a formal research proposal at Masters-level often ranges between 2000-3000 words, while a PhD-level proposal can be far more detailed, ranging from 5000-8000 words. In some cases, a rough outline of the topic is all that’s needed, while in other cases, universities expect a very detailed proposal that essentially forms the first three chapters of the dissertation or thesis.

The takeaway – be sure to check with your institution before you start writing.

How do I choose a topic for my research proposal?

Finding a good research topic is a process that involves multiple steps. We cover the topic ideation process in this video post.

How do I write a literature review for my proposal?

While you typically won’t need a comprehensive literature review at the proposal stage, you still need to demonstrate that you’re familiar with the key literature and are able to synthesise it. We explain the literature review process here.

How do I create a timeline and budget for my proposal?

We explain how to craft a project plan/timeline and budget in Research Proposal Bootcamp .

Which referencing format should I use in my research proposal?

The expectations and requirements regarding formatting and referencing vary from institution to institution. Therefore, you’ll need to check this information with your university.

What common proposal writing mistakes do I need to look out for?

We’ve create a video post about some of the most common mistakes students make when writing a proposal – you can access that here . If you’re short on time, here’s a quick summary:

The research topic is too broad (or just poorly articulated).
The research aims, objectives and questions don’t align.
The research topic is not well justified.
The study has a weak theoretical foundation.
The research design is not well articulated well enough.
Poor writing and sloppy presentation.
Poor project planning and risk management.
Not following the university’s specific criteria.

Key Takeaways & Additional Resources

As you write up your research proposal, remember the all-important core purpose: to convince . Your research proposal needs to sell your study in terms of suitability and viability. So, focus on crafting a convincing narrative to ensure a strong proposal.

At the same time, pay close attention to your university’s requirements. While we’ve covered the essentials here, every institution has its own set of expectations and it’s essential that you follow these to maximise your chances of approval.

By the way, we’ve got plenty more resources to help you fast-track your research proposal. Here are some of our most popular resources to get you started:

Proposal Writing 101 : A Introductory Webinar
Research Proposal Bootcamp : The Ultimate Online Course
Template : A basic template to help you craft your proposal

If you’re looking for 1-on-1 support with your research proposal, be sure to check out our private coaching service , where we hold your hand through the proposal development process (and the entire research journey), step by step.

Psst… there’s more!

This post is an extract from our bestselling short course, Research Proposal Bootcamp . If you want to work smart, you don't want to miss this .

You Might Also Like:

51 Comments

I truly enjoyed this video, as it was eye-opening to what I have to do in the preparation of preparing a Research proposal.

I would be interested in getting some coaching.

I real appreciate on your elaboration on how to develop research proposal,the video explains each steps clearly.

Thank you for the video. It really assisted me and my niece. I am a PhD candidate and she is an undergraduate student. It is at times, very difficult to guide a family member but with this video, my job is done.

In view of the above, I welcome more coaching.

Wonderful guidelines, thanks

This is very helpful. Would love to continue even as I prepare for starting my masters next year.

Thanks for the work done, the text was helpful to me

Bundle of thanks to you for the research proposal guide it was really good and useful if it is possible please send me the sample of research proposal

You’re most welcome. We don’t have any research proposals that we can share (the students own the intellectual property), but you might find our research proposal template useful: https://gradcoach.com/research-proposal-template/

Cheruiyot Moses Kipyegon

Thanks alot. It was an eye opener that came timely enough before my imminent proposal defense. Thanks, again

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I am an undergraduate student (First Degree) preparing to write my project,this video and explanation had shed more light to me thanks for your efforts keep it up.

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Wonderful guidelines for writing a research proposal, I am a student of m.phil( education), this guideline is suitable for me. Thanks

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Thank you. This is a great insight. I am a student preparing for a PhD program. I am requested to write my Research Proposal as part of what I am required to submit before my unconditional admission. I am grateful having listened to this video which will go a long way in helping me to actually choose a topic of interest and not just any topic as well as to narrow down the topic and be specific about it. I indeed need more of this especially as am trying to choose a topic suitable for a DBA am about embarking on. Thank you once more. The video is indeed helpful.

Have learnt a lot just at the right time. Thank you so much.

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Hi. For my MSc medical education research, please evaluate this topic for me: Training Needs Assessment of Faculty in Medical Training Institutions in Kericho and Bomet Counties

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I need any research proposal

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Action Research Project for B.Ed Students in English

Looking for an action research project for b.ed students in English ? Here I have provided an action research project for b.ed students in English.

Topic: “A Study on Problem of Grammatical Mistake by the Students with Special Reference to Class vii of XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary School”

BUY B.ED ASSIGNMENT IN WORD FORMAT

Certificate

This is to certify that the action research report entitled “A Study on Problem of Grammatical Mistake by the Students with Special Reference to Class vii of XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary School” submitted by XYZ bearing Exam. Roll No: 0000 is an original work done by him for the award of the degree of B.Ed.

I wish him every success in his life.

Acknowledgment

I am sincerely thankful to all my teachers of CTE, XYZ, and also the teachers of XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary school where I worked as a student-teacher for their kind cooperation and guidance at every step throughout the preparation of this action report.

My special thanks go to principal Mrs. XYZ ma’am, my supervisor Mrs. XYZ ma’am, and Mr. XYZ sir for their immense support and guidance. It was due to their excellent academic guidance which made my action report a fruitful reality.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER-1

Introduction

1.1 Introduction to Action research

1.2 Theoretical background of the study

1.3 Significance of the study

1.4 Objective of the study

1.5 Action hypothesis

1.6 Method of the study

1.7 Population and sample

1.8 Tools of data collection

1.9 Procedure of data collection

Feedback/Operational

2.1 Pre-test

2.2 Remedial measures

2.3 Post-test

3. Analysis and interpretation

3.1 Finding of the study

4. Suggestion and recommendation…

4.1 Utility of the study

5. Conclusion

5.1 Reference

5.2 Appendix

List of Tables

Table No – 1

Table No – 2

Table No – 3

Table No – 4

Table No – 5

Table No – 6

Table No – 7

Table No – 8

Table No – 9

Table No – 10

Table No – 11

Table No – 12

List of Figures

Figure No – 1

Figure No – 2

CHAPTER – 1

Introduction:

Research is a careful and detailed study into a specific problem, concern, or issue using the scientific method. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie, “Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon.

Research is a process of systematic inquiry that entails the collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data/information, in accordance with suitable methodologies set by specific professional fields and academic disciplines.

Research is conducted to evaluate the validity of a hypothesis or an interpretive framework; to assemble a body of substantive knowledge and findings for sharing them in appropriate manners, and to generate questions for further inquiries.

Characteristics of research

Research is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods.
Research creates a path for generating new questions. Existing data helps create more opportunities for research.
Research is analytical in nature. It makes use of all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference.
Accuracy is one of the most important aspects of research. The information that is obtained should be accurate and true to its nature.

Research can be classified under three broad categories

Basic or Fundamental Research
Applied Research
Action Research

1.1 Introduction to Action Research:

The term “Action Research” was coined by Kurt Lewin in the year of 1946. Kurt Lewin is regarded as the founder of action research. But the term action research was introduced to the educational community by Stephen Corey and his associates at Teacher’s College of Columbia University in 1949.

Action Research, according to Corey, the originator of the term, is the research undertaken by practitioners so that they may improve their practices. It helps practitioners to perceive understand and assess the situation, and it further facilitates a systematic analysis and working out plausible reasons, for the unsatisfactory condition.

With action research, practitioners can try out alternative strategies till the problem is solved satisfactorily. Action Research is a type of applied research. Action research means a scientific search that is conducted for the solution of various problems which come across the day-to-day activities of the pupils, teachers, schools and educational officers.

A practitioner in the Indian educational setup could be a classroom teacher, a principal or a headmaster of a school, a block education officers, an inspector of schools or a teacher-educator. By using action research, teachers can analyze their teaching and take responsibility for their own professional development.

Action research is undertaken by educational practitioners because they believed that by doing so they can make better decisions and engaged in better action. In teaching a teacher should know different knowledge.

Action research is a process in which participants examine their own educational practice systematically and carefully, using the techniques of research. Action research specifically refers to a disciplined inquiry done by a teacher with the intent that the research will inform and change his or her practices in the future.

This research is carried out within the context of the teacher’s environment- that is , the students and at the school in which the teacher works – on questions that deal with educational matters at hand. Action research is a process of changing student behavior in the classroom.

The process helps teachers to understand the classroom dynamics and identity changes that may improve instruction and learning. Teachers learn to observe and reflect and determine a course of action or actions that will resolve the problem.

In schools, action research refers to a wide variety of evaluative, investigative, and analytical research methods designed to diagnose problems or weaknesses—whether organizational, academic, or instructional—and help educators develop practical solutions to address them quickly and efficiently.

Action research may also be applied to programs or educational techniques that are not necessarily experiencing any problems, but that educators simply want to learn more about and improve. The general goal is to create a simple, practical, repeatable process of iterative learning, evaluation, and improvement that leads to increasingly better results for schools, teachers, or programs.

Hence, the university with the inculcation of action research in the B.Ed syllabus has made the course more effective and efficient with the knowledge of this discipline of research. The student-teachers would be able to solve the problem arising in their practice field in the near future very easily and make their practice field more conductive.

1.2 Theoretical background of the study:

“Grammar is the logic of speech, even as logic is the grammar of reason.”

According to Richard C. Trench, the use of grammar is very important in depicting the value of the language and the judgment towards the ideas. The use of grammar also reflects the author’s writing skill and it will give the reader an indication of the content in the written production will be like.

On whole, the logic of language depends completely on its grammar usage. In addition, grammatical errors can give a reader a bad impression of the author’s abilities.

This is where a grammar checker tool can be very helpful for authors to catch mistakes before sharing their writing.

A higher degree of grammar usage in English produces more quality of works. Though nobody’s grammar is perfect, grammar teaches an author to control the language they are using.

If the grammar is strictly controlled with firm and strong basic knowledge, a good work of essay will be produced.

I conduct action research on the issue of grammatical errors of the students of the XYZ govt. Higher Secondary School . I choose the topic because during my teaching I noticed that the students are continuously making grammatical mistakes in their writing. Moreover, there were complaints from teachers about the students’ lower performance in English. Thus I decided to do action research on it to improve it.

1.3) Significance of the study:

In linguistics, grammar is the set of structural rules which influences the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given language.

It is the systematic study and description of a language and it helps us to understand how words and their component parts combine to form sentences.

To a school student, it means an analytical and terminological study of sentences. Knowledge of grammar helps the student in the improvement of learning.

So, a teacher should provide appropriate grammar knowledge to the students regularly and should check the grammar notebooks in time by time.

But to make don’t the grammatical mistakes by the students in time appears a great challenge for the teachers.

That is why it is the great significance to study the problem relating to the grammatical mistake and to find out the appropriate solution.

Some points regarding the significance of the present study are described below ————–

Grammar regardless of the country or the language is the foundation for communication. In order to communicate, a learner should know the grammar of the language. It is important to be able to express by self.
A person with poor grammar skills can form a negative impression on others. The first impressions can be lasting and may hide the true judgment of character.
Grammar improves the development of fluency. When a person has learned grammar, it will be easier for that person to know how to organized and express the ideas in their mind without difficulty. As a result, they will be able to speak, read and write the language more fluently.
Grammar rules can help learners develop the habit of thinking logically and clearly. After studying grammar, learners are able to become more accurate when using a language.
Without good grammar, clear communication is impossible. Proper grammar keeps us from being misunderstood while expressing our thoughts and ideas.

1.4) Objectives :

The study is focused on the students’ most common grammatical errors in their writing production.

The objectives of this study are:

(i) To investigate the most significant grammatical error produced by the students in the English essays.

(ii) To identify the reasons for the error occurrence.

(iii) To find the solution to improve the error in writing among students.

(iv) To find out the problems of students in grammar.

(v) To study the attitude of students regarding grammar.

(vi) To provide appropriate suggestions for the problems in studying grammar.

(vii) To study the different methods and techniques used by the teachers while teaching grammar class.

1.5) Action Hypothesis

A hypothesis is nothing but an intelligent guess or a possible answer of the problem. It is a tentative solution to the problem.

A hypothesis is used in an experiment to define the relationship between two variables .

The first variable is called the independent variable . This is the part of the experiment that can be changed and tested. The independent variable happens first and can be considered the cause of any changes in the outcome. The outcome is called the dependent variable .

In short, the Action hypothesis describes the relationship between proposed actions and anticipated consequences. This step of hypothesis formulation is most important in research because it gives direction to the researcher.

It helps in collecting evidence to solve or choose an alternative way to solve the problem. A hypothesis is precisely defined as a tentative or working proposition suggested as a solution to a problem and the theory as final hypothesis which is defensibly supported by all the evidence.

It is a statement temporarily accepted as true in the light of what is at the time known about the phenomenon, and it is employed as a basis for action in the search for a new truth.

It can be put to test or determine its validity it may prove to be correct or incorrect. At the start of any investigation, the hypothesis is stimulation to critical thought and offers insight into the confusion of the phenomenon.

In the end, it has to be accepted or rejected in light of the findings. In between these stages, it furnishes the work with the signposts for the progress of the investigation.

When the hypothesis is fully established, it may take the form of facts principles of theories. Hypothesis reflected the research worker’s guess as to the probable outcomes of the experiments.

In the present study, the researcher makes the following hypothesis-

Lack of interest in grammar results in grammatical mistakes in students
A negative attitude towards grammar leads to a grammatical mistake in students
There is a relation between insufficient class and grammatical mistakes in students

1.6) Method of the study:

A research method is a systematic plan for conducting research.

Research methods are a variety of techniques that people use when studying a given phenomenon.

They are planned, scientific, and value-neutral. What that means is that good research methods don’t “just happen.” Instead, they are deliberately employed in a way that is designed to maximize the accuracy of the results.

Research methods help us collect samples, data and find a solution to a problem.

The research method can either be qualitative or quantitative or mixed. Quantitative methods examine numerical data and often require the use of statistical tools to analyze the data collected.

This allows for the measurement of variables and relationships between them can then be established. This type of data can be represented using graphs and tables.

Qualitative data is non-numerical and focuses on establishing patterns. Mixed methods are composed of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Mixed methods allow for the explanation of unexpected results.

There are several methods of conducting research. The selection of the research method is determined by the nature of the problem. The variables involved in this study are lack of interest, negative attitude etc which cannot be studied in any artificial setting.

Hence, the investigator considered and selected the quasi-experimental method of research as the most appropriate method for conducting the present study.

The prefix quasi means “resembling.” Thus quasi-experimental research is research that resembles experimental research but is not true experimental research.

However, like a true experiment, a quasi-experimental design aims to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between an independent and dependent variable. Here the independent variable is manipulated before the dependent variable is measured.

Quasi-experiments are most likely to be conducted in field settings in which random assignment is difficult or impossible. They are often conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment—perhaps a type of psychotherapy or an educational intervention.

Pre-test and post-test research is one of many forms of quasi-experimental design. Here data is collected by conducting pre-test and post-test using a question paper.

Pre-test and post-test design based on purposeful sampling allows for assessment of specific representatives of a population of interest, but not of the population as a whole.

1.7) Description of population and sample:

In research terminology, the Population can be explained as a comprehensive group of individuals, institutions, objects, and so forth with have common characteristics that are the interest of a researcher.

The common characteristics of the groups distinguish them from other individuals, institutions, objects, and so forth. The term universe is also used as a synonym for the population.

Suppose a researcher proposed to conduct a study on awareness and use of ICT among the secondary school teachers in Assam, the entire secondary school teaching community in Assam constitutes as the population of the study.

In social science and educational research, practically it is not possible to a researcher to approach all the individuals/elements in a population for the purpose of data collection.

Instead, they select and approach a representative group of individuals/elements who falls under the particular population to collect needed information regarding the group.

Based on the results, the researcher generalizes the characteristics of the representative group as the characteristics of the population. This small group or representative group from a population is called a sample .

So sample can be defined as the small portion of a population selected for a particular study. The sample should clearly represent the characteristics of the intended group

Both population and sample have a special significance in the research process. Population in its praise explanation is the totality or whole quantity or the universe. Where else the sample is a smaller representative of the whole.

It is the population from where we get the sample and it is the sample where from conclusion i. e. generation is made.

The investigator has tried to ensure that the sample of the research study becomes a true representative of the population under study.

In this present study, all the students of class vii of XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary School will be constituted the population and 13 students of class (vii) comprising both boys and girls are taken as a sample for investigation. The sample description is as bellow –

Table A: Sample Description

1.8) Tools of Data Collection

Data collection tools refer to the devices/instruments used to collect data, such as a paper questionnaire or computer-assisted interviewing system. Case Studies, Checklists, Interviews, Observation sometimes, and Surveys or Questionnaires are all tools used to collect data.

Tools are the most important thing in the research field. An investigator will require many data gathering tools or techniques which may vary in their complexity, design, administration and interpretation.

Each tool is appropriate for the collection of a certain type of evidence or information. The researcher has to select from the available tool, which will provide data.

There are various types of to collect data. In the present study, questionnaire and observation is used as a tool for data collection.

A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview. They can be carried out face to face, by telephone, computer or post.

Questionnaires provide a relatively cheap, quick and efficient way of obtaining large amounts of information from a large sample of people.

Data can be collected relatively quickly because the researcher would not need to be present when the questionnaires were completed. This is useful for large populations when interviews would be impractical.

However, a problem with questionnaires is that respondents may lie due to social desirability. Most people want to present a positive image of themselves and so may lie or bend the truth to look good.

1.9) Procedure of data collection:

For the present study, the data was collected by using a questionnaire. After selecting and finalizing the tools for data collection, the researcher visited the schools under investigation personally for taking prior permission from the Principal of the schools for collecting the necessary data.

Subsequently, the investigator discussed in detail his investigation with the head of the respective schools and sought permission from him for collecting the necessary data. .

After that, the investigator arranged the classroom climate of the class (vii) and distributed the questionnaire among the students. They were explained about the nature and purpose of the study and were asked to fill up the questionnaire for collecting data.

2) Feedback/Operational

In an action research report, feedback/operational has an important place. Feedback or operational part of a report of action research generally includes Pre- Test, Remedial Measurement and Post- Test.

Actually, Pre-Test and Post-Test is one of the popular kind of experimental design. In this design the same group is pre-tested and afterward treatment variable is introduced.

The differences of the Pre-Test and Post-Test indicate whether there is any problem in the teaching-learning process.

The teacher may carry out the action research to identify the problems as well as take Remedial Measures based on the dimensions of the problems. For this, a well-organized and definite plan of operation with feedback is essential. So through the Pre — Test and Post Test a sample can be made for the root cause of the problem.

2.1) Pre-Test :

Here the investigator has administered a test of 15 marks to find out the mistake of grammar by the students and to know the attitude of students towards grammar. For this purpose the investigator taught like- Tense, voice etc.

Students are taught according to the lesson plan and they are given the same lesson questions for the Pre-Test and are asked to submit their answer script on the spot. Students fill up their answer script and submit to the researcher.

Among the 51 students, only 13 students were chosen who were quite poor in Grammar.

Marks obtained by students in the Pre-test are as follows-

From the above results the investigator has found out following defects which may be responsible for the grammatical mistake by the students:

1) Grammar is not taught regularly by the teachers.

2) There is a lack of supervision from the part of teachers regarding

the grammar. Grammar notes book is not checked by the teacher.

3) There is a lack of motivation in completing grammar.

4) Lack of proper guidance is another cause of the grammatical mistakes.

2.2) Remedial Measures:

From the results of Pre- Test the investigator has found out some proable causes of percentage of grammatical mistake among the students. Therefore the investigator has provided some remedial measures for overcoming the problems of grammatical mistake. These are-

i) The students are given training regarding the grammar in classroom.
ii) They are asked to prepare educational dairy regularly and one who maintains he/she is rewarded.

iii) The investigator takes a class on grammar. In this case he clearifies the objectives and importance of grammar to the students.

iv) Students are given grammar class regularly and checked their notebooks in time. After completion of a lesson, the investigator gave grammar homework to the students.
v) The students are also given the advice to use an extra copies for grammar.
vi) The investigator adopt proper technique like- using various colors of cards and TLM for creating interest and motivation among the students

vii) Proper supervision is taken by the teacher on grammar.

2.3) Post-Test:

After providing suggestation and remedial measures a post-test was conducted specially for those selected students who could not perform well in the pre-test.

The purpose of this test is to find out the improvement of students in grammar.

The result of the students in the post test are given below –

After post-test, intervention was done, such as-

First, Questionnaire which consists of 10 questions provided to the students assessing the students’ Opinion about their self.

Second, was the observation method. With the help of observation, the researcher tried to identify the problem of the students during classroom interaction.

The third, was an interview. The researcher takes interview of the students individually which helps the researcher to know their problems in social science.

i) Column graph showing % of success in the pre-test

action research project for b.ed students in english

ii) Column graph showing % of success in post test

CHAPTER- 3

3. Analysis of data:

Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggestions, conclusions and supporting decision-making.

Analysis refers to breaking a whole into its separate components for individual examination. Data analysis is a process for obtaining raw data and converting it into information useful for decision making by users.

Data is collected and analyzed to answer questions, test hypotheses or disprove theories. After the data collection, data analysis and interpretation is the most important phases of the research process.

A research must proceed with the appropriate method of data analysis to find out the inherent meaning and significance of raw data. This is essential for a scientific study and for ensuring that we have all relevant data for making contemplated comparisons and analyses.

Technically speaking analysis of data implies editing, coding, classification, and tabulation of collected data so that they are amiable to interpret. In simple terms analysis of data means breaking down the complex factors of tabulated materials into simpler parts and putting the parts together in the new arrangement in order to determine the inherent facts or meaning.

Analysis of data involves a number of closely related operations which are performed with the purpose of summarizing the collected data and organizing these in such a manner that they answer the research questions.

In brief, analysis of data leads the investigator to arrive in a meaningful conclusion. Again the process of interpretation essentially starting what the results show, what they mean and what their significance is.

In the present project, the investigator has collected some reliable information regarding the problem of grammatical mistakes in the form of numerical data.

The data are tabulated by the simple percentage method and interpreted very systematically.

Interest in learnin• Assamese b students:

Table No-1 shows the interest in learning English by students. From this table, it is seen that students are interested in learning English. The students confirmed it by giving a positive answers.

Regularity of grammar class taken by teachers

Table No-2 shows the regularity of grammar classes taken by the teachers. From this table, it is seen that grammar class is not regularly taken by the teachers. The students confirmed it by giving a negative answers.

Proper explanation of grammar by the teacher

Table 3 shows that most of the student said that grammar class is not properly explained by the teachers.

Motivation to students by the teacher while doing grammar class

Table No 4 shows that students are not motivated by the teacher while doing grammar class.

Grammar class is useful for learning the English language

From Table no 5 we found that 100% students think that Grammar class is useful for learning the English language

Problems facing by students in doing Grammar class

From Table no 6 we found that 76% students opined that they faced problems in doing Grammar class.

Checking of grammar notebooks by the teacher

From Table no 7 we found that 85% students remarked that the teacher don’t check grammar notebooks properly. The teacher neither gives homework regularly nor check it properly.

Satisfaction of students in doing Grammar class

Table no 8 represents the data regarding the satisfaction of students in doing Grammar class. The students were asked whether they were satisfied or not. 62% of students give the negative answers to this question. That means most of them are not satisfied.

Suggestion or reference book by the teacher

From table no 9 it is seen that 81% students opined that they are not suggested to read any reference book by the teacher.

Extra class taken by teacher for reducing students’ problems in grammar

From table no 10 it is seen that 74% students opined that extra classes are not taken by teacher for reducing their problems in grammar.

Satisfaction of the students with teacher

From table no 11 it is seen that 42% students are satisfied with the teacher whereas 58% are not.

TLM used by the teacher while teaching grammar

From table no 12 it is seen that 89% students opined that teacher don’t use TLM while teaching grammar

3.1) Findings of the study-

From the analysis of the data the investigator has arrived at the following outcomes; these are:

Grammar classes are not taken regularly by the teacher.
All students are interested to learn English Language and Grammar.
66% of students gave negative answers regarding the motivation created by the teacher.
From this study, it is found that most of the students said that grammar class is not properly explained by the teachers.
76% of the students remarked that they are facing problems while doing grammar class.
Some students also opined that teachers do not check their grammar copy properly.
Almost 58% of students are not satisfied with their teachers.
81% of students remarked that they are not given suggestions to study other reference books.
Some students also opined that extra classes are not taken by the teachers for reducing students’ grammar problem.
Almost 89% of the students remarked T.L.M. is not use by the teachers while teaching grammar.
It has been observed that most of the time students become inattentive in class due to lack of proper TLM used by the teacher while teaching Grammar.
It has been observed that proper use of TLM can be helpful in motivating and improving student’s achievement in learning Grammar.
It has been observed that using innovative method, strategies, and techniques of teaching by the teacher while teaching that develops students’ attention as well as interest in learning.

Chapter 4

4. Suggestion and Recommendation

In an action research report, the investigator can include some suggestions and recommendations on the results. It will help the teachers in solving the related problems and improving the existing practices.

From the above critical analysis of data the investigator forwards the following suggestions and recommendations:

i) Every teacher should come to the class with good lesson plan, which should necessarily include some preplanned grammar activities.

ii) All the teachers should give grammar homework regularly after presentation of the lesson plan and should check the given grammar homework on time

iii) Teachers should motivate and encourage the students towards grammar class. And he should praise those students who complete their grammar homework.

iv) Teacher should encourage the students to ask questions if any confusion arises in their mind regarding grammar.

v) Teachers should create such an environment in where each student can talk with him without hesitation if they face any problem at the time of doing grammar class.

vi) Teachers should give training to the students towards grammar on time. He should apply some techniques that can make the students understand grammar better.

vii) Teacher should advice the students to use extra copy for grammar. He should give advice to the students to maintain diary.

viii) Before giving any homework of grammar teachers should explain the students properly the lesson as well the homework that so that the students doesn’t face problems in the time of doing their homework.

ix) Teachers should give suggestation to his students for studying reference books. It will help them to collect some new knowledge and information regarding the subject matter.

x) Students should be rewarded by the teachers who complete their homework on time. It will be helpful in stopping of unfair means that practice by some students in the examination hall.

xi) The present problem would be helpful for removing the academic failure of the students.

xii) The teacher should also let the students tutor their peers because students learn better from peers.

xiii) The teacher must have student-centered class room, where the students can actively participate in class activities

For better knowledge of a language, a teacher should have a better knowledge of grammar in that particular language. The teacher should take grammar class regularly and check the grammar notebooks of the students regularly. The learning process of grammar should be taught constantly. They should have strong knowledge in grammar rules.

The utility of the research as follows:

It will help the teachers to identify students’ significant grammatical error in writing the English essay and helping them to overcome the flaws in writing English.
It will help the students to produce quality English essays in the future.
It will help the teachers to create a suitable framework for the students in the teaching methods.

5) Conclusion

English is a universal language that helps people hailing from different ethnicities to connect and continue conversations.

The main aspects of spoken and written English are its grammar. Only when the grammar is proper, do the sentences make sense. Thus, it is important to realize the importance of grammar in language.

Grammar is the structural foundation of our abiity to express ourselves. The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monitor the meaning and effectiveness of the way we and others use language.

It can help foster precision, detect ambiguity, and exploit the richness of expression available in English.

So, at last we can say that grammar is a base of a language. Teachers should always try to motivate students to learn grammar. If the students don’t have a natural interest in somethig, they need to see why learning about it is necessary.

Kothari D.S.: Research Methodology New age International Publishers, New Delhi
Koul Lokesh: Methodology of educational research Vikash Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi
Mahanty S.B: Contemporary Research in Education AIU, U. News Vol-46, No-05
Devid Ben: Teaching and Research, 1977
Sharma R.A: Fundamental of Educational Research. I.P. House, Meerut
Dr. Saikia Mukul: An Introduction to Action Research

SCHOOL PERMISSION TO CONDUCT RESEARCH

The purpose of this letter is to inform that I Mr. XYZ give XYZ permission to conduct the research titled “A Study on Problem of Grammatical Mistake by the Students with Special Reference to Class vii of XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary School”

I understand that the school and all stakeholders to be involved in participation in this study is voluntary.

I am also aware that the information collected during the action research and analyses of data will be done in a manner that reflects confidentiality since the name of the institution and stakeholder‘s identity won’t be disclosed.

( ) Yes, I consent to the use of this institution and stakeholder’s participation for this study.

( ) No, I do not consent to the use of this institution or its stakeholder’s participation in this study.

XYZ Govt. Higher Secondary School

Questionnaire

Dear students, there are some questions in this paper. You have to answer each question giving a tick mark wherever necessary. Your answer will be kept strictly confidential.

This questionnaire is made for an action research project which is a part of B.Ed. syllabus and your kind cooperation are highly solicited.

Are you interested in learning English? Yes/ No
Are the grammar classes regularly taken by the teacher? Yes/ No
Does the teacher explain grammar properly? Yes/ No
Does the teacher motivate to learn grammar? Yes/ No
Do you think that grammar is important for learning English? Yes/ No
Do you face problems at the time of doing grammar class? Yes/ No
Does your teacher check your grammar notebook properly? Yes/ No
Are you satisfied with doing grammar class? Yes/ No
Does your teacher give any suggestions in reading a particular grammar book? Yes/ No
Does the teacher take any extra classes for reducing your grammar problems? Yes/ No
Are you satisfied with your teacher? Yes/ No
Does your teacher make use of TLM while teaching grammar? Yes/ No

So that sums up the action research project for b.ed students in English. Hope you like it.

School Internship Report for B.ed in English

Achievement Test Report for B.Ed Students in English

Critical Analysis of Syllabus and Textbook for B.Ed

Critical Analysis of Social Science Textbook of Class 10

COMMENTS

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