introduction on thailand essay

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Thailand: Introduction

Thailand is a country located in Southeastern Asia bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Neighboring countries include Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Malaysia. The geography consists of a mountain range in the west and a southern isthmus that joins the landmass with Malaysia. The government system is a constitutional monarchy; the chief of state is the king, and the head of government is the prime minister. Thailand has a mixed economic system in which there is a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning and government regulation. Thailand is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

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Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia.

Thailand is in the heart of Southeast Asia. Cambodia and Laos border the country to the east and northeast, and Myanmar lies to the northwest. To the west is the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma. The long southern region, connecting with Malaysia, is hilly and forested. The highest mountains are in northern Thailand.

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PEOPLE & CULTURE

About 90 percent of the people are Buddhist, but about three million Muslims live in the south near the border with Malaysia.

Thai children go to elementary school for six years. Then they may attend high school for another six years, but their families must pay for the education. Boys begin military training in ninth grade.

Food in Thailand is influenced by Chinese and Indian cultures. Most Thai dishes are spicy and many common dishes include hot chilies, lemongrass, basil, ginger, and coconut milk.

Thai farmers cultivate mulberry trees that feed silkworms. The worms create silk, which is made into beautiful silk clothing in Thailand, France , and the United States .

Bangkok is called the Venice of the East because there are 83 canals. As many as 10,000 boats full of fruits, vegetables, and fish crowd the canals and create a floating market.

The city of Bangkok is home to many impressive Buddhist structures featuring gold-layered spires, graceful pagodas, and giant Buddha statues.

Rain falls almost every day between the months of May and September. The moist and humid weather encourages the diverse and abundant wildlife in Thailand.

Lotus flowers are common and the favorite flower in Thailand. Lotus flowers live above the surface, but they are rooted in the mud. There are many flowering trees and shrubs, and fruit trees. In the jungle, one can find carnivorous (meat-eating) plants such as the mysterious insect-eating pitcher plant .

The deep forests are home to tigers , elephants , wild ox, leopards , and the Malayan tapir. The tapir is covered in black fur on the first half of its body and white fur to the rear. Cobras and crocodiles are also found in Thailand.

GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY

Known as Siam until 1939, Thailand is the only Southeast Asian country never to have been taken over by a European power. A revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy.

The king is the leader of the country. The prime minister is picked from among members of the House of Representatives, but is appointed by the king.

Agriculture and tourism are the most important industries in Thailand.

In December 2004, the catastrophic Indian Ocean tsunami hit Thailand, but the country's economy has largely recovered from the disaster's effect.

Around 2000 B.C. people built settlements in the hillsides of Thailand. The first one is thought to be Ben Chiang. Pieces of pottery, tools, and jewelry from 200 B.C. to 300 A.D. have been dug up in this area.

Thailand, which means “land of the free,” was known as Siam until 1939.

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Essay on Thailand

Students are often asked to write an essay on Thailand in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Thailand

Thailand’s rich history.

Thailand has a long and rich history, dating back thousands of years. The country has been home to many different kingdoms and empires, each of which has left its mark on the country’s culture and traditions.

Friendly People

Thai people are known for their friendly and welcoming nature. They are always happy to help visitors and make them feel at home.

Beautiful Temples

Thailand is home to many beautiful temples, including the famous Wat Pho in Bangkok. These temples are not only a place of worship but also works of art.

Delicious Food

Thai food is known for its delicious flavors and spices. Some of the most popular dishes include Pad Thai, Tom Yum Goong, and Khao Pad.

Amazing Beaches

Thailand has some of the most beautiful beaches in the world. The islands of Phuket, Koh Samui, and Koh Chang are just a few of the many places where you can enjoy the sun and sand.

250 Words Essay on Thailand

Thailand at glance.

Thailand is a Southeast Asian country, famous for its rich culture, stunning beaches, and friendly people. It shares borders with Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia. Thailand has a population of over 70 million people, and its capital city is Bangkok.

History of Thailand

Thailand has a rich and long history. It was once part of the Khmer Empire, and later the Ayutthaya Kingdom. In the 18th century, the Kingdom of Thonburi was established, which later became the Kingdom of Siam. In 1932, Thailand became a constitutional monarchy.

Culture of Thailand

Thailand is known for its vibrant culture, which is a blend of Thai, Chinese, and Indian influences. The people of Thailand are known for their hospitality and their love of food. Thailand is also known for its traditional dances, music, and art.

Tourism in Thailand

Thailand is a popular tourist destination. It offers visitors a wide range of attractions, including beautiful beaches, temples, and historical sites. Some of the most popular tourist destinations in Thailand include Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket, and Koh Samui.

Economy of Thailand

Thailand has a strong economy that is based on agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. The country is a major exporter of rice, tapioca, and sugar. Thailand is also a leading producer of automobiles, electronics, and textiles.

500 Words Essay on Thailand

Thailand: the land of smiles.

Thailand is a beautiful country located in Southeast Asia. It is known for its friendly people, delicious food, stunning beaches, and ancient temples.

The people of Thailand are very friendly and welcoming. They are always willing to help visitors, and they are known for their warm smiles. This is why Thailand is often called the “Land of Smiles”.

Thai food is one of the most popular cuisines in the world. It is known for its bold flavors and use of fresh ingredients. Some of the most popular Thai dishes include pad thai, green curry, and mango sticky rice.

Stunning Beaches

Thailand has some of the most beautiful beaches in the world. The beaches are white and sandy, and the water is crystal clear. Some of the most popular beach destinations in Thailand include Phuket, Krabi, and Koh Samui.

Ancient Temples

Thailand is home to many ancient temples, which are a testament to the country’s rich history and culture. Some of the most famous temples include the Grand Palace in Bangkok, the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, and the Temple of the Dawn.

Thailand is a beautiful country with friendly people, delicious food, stunning beaches, and ancient temples. It is no wonder that Thailand is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

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Thailand - A country profile

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Discovering Yangon

Tourism Development in ASEAN Countries

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International and Regional Economic Cooperation in ASEAN Countries

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This article provides an overview of Thailand for those keen on exploring the possibility of living and working there. The information presented is gathered from open sources and is not exhaustive or meant to supplement or substitute legal and professional advice.

• Official name: Kingdom of Thailand 1
• Capital: Bangkok 2
• Geography: 76 provinces and two special local territories – Bangkok and Pattaya 3
• Land area (2019): 513,120 sq km 4
• Population (2019): 66.6 million 5
• Head of government: Prime Minister General Prayut Chan-o-cha 6
• National language: Thai 7
• Currency: Thai Baht (THB) 8
• Gross domestic product (GDP) (2019): 16,879 billion baht 9
• GDP per capita (2019): 228,373 baht 10

Introduction

Thailand is situated in the heart of Southeast Asia, bordered by the Laos and Cambodia in the east; the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia in the south; the Andaman Sea and Myanmar in the west; and Laos and Myanmar in the north. It is spread over 513,120 sq km. 11

Demographic profile

The total population of Thailand was almost 66.6 million in 2019. Around 48.96 percent (32.61 million persons) were male and 50.98 percent (33.95 million persons) female. Most of the population lived in the northeastern region (33.05 percent), followed by the northern region (18.2 percent) and Bangkok (16.42 percent). Majority of the population are Buddhists, followed by Muslims and Christians. 12

Thailand has a mixed economy with the major economic sectors being agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, service and natural resource. Its GDP in 2019 was 16,879 billion baht. 13 Its economic growth sectors include tourism, automotive and food manufacturing, which are supported by its well-developed transportation system, infrastructure and communications systems. 14

A leading exporter of rubber, Thailand also exports crops such as rice, vegetables and fruits. It is also famous for its livestock exports, as well as exports of freshwater fish and marine fishery. Its industrial exports include agro-industry, textile, electric appliance and automobiles. Important natural resources like limestone, gypsum, glass, sand, marble, tin and natural gas also contribute to the economy. 15

Singapore and Thailand

Singapore and Thailand share a bilateral network known as the Singapore-Thailand Enhanced Economic Relationship. This is a platform for government agencies and private sectors to promote closer economic cooperation and deepen the level of contact and consultative process between the two countries. 16

Thailand’s key business sectors include infrastructure development and manufacturing. 17 The government approved a 3.3 trillion baht (US$101 billion) Infrastructure Development Plan (2015–2022) that aims to improve Thailand’s transport links (railways, roads, water transportation, aviation and mass transit projects), both within Thailand and with its neighbours. 18

Thailand has the fourth largest consumer market in ASEAN. Its unemployment rate is at a low one percent and the country has a purchasing power of an estimated US$6,000. In recent years, the purchasing power outside of capital city Bangkok has also grown. 19

The Thai automotive sector is the largest in ASEAN. However, the industry has been impacted by the global shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years. Hence, the “Thai government is persistently trying to encourage the manufacturing of EVs and high-tech auto parts through promotion of incentive packages.” 20

Thailand is home to Buddhist temples, exotic wildlife and spectacular islands. It is also known for its fascinating history, unique culture and delectable local food. The tourism industry plays an important role in the Thai economy and contributes an estimated 18.4 percent to the national GDP. The tourism sector not only depends on foreign visitors but also domestic tourists whose number dwarfs that of foreign tourists. In 2019, Thailand had 39,797,406 visitors. 21

Thailand 4.0

Thailand 4.0 is an economic model that aims to deal with the “middle income trap”, economic disparities and the imbalance between the environment and society, by developing a value-based economy.

The model has three elements:

• The development of a knowledge-based economy with an emphasis on R&D, science & technology, and innovation.
• Moving towards an inclusive society with equitable access to prosperity and development.
• Focus on sustainable growth and development.

The country will also focus on 10 targeted industries, namely: Aviation and logistics; biofuels and biochemicals; robotics; digital development; next-generation automotive; medical industries; smart electronics; affluent, medical and wellness tourism; agriculture and biotechnology, and food for the future. 22

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 13. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 14. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Prime Minister. (n.d.). Office of the Prime Minister. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.opm.go.th   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 15. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 58. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 13, 76-78. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Thailand. (2020). Enterprise Singapore. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.enterprisesg.gov.sg   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society , p. 16. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Thailand. (n.d.). Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.mfa.gov.sg   ↩

Profiled industries. (n.d.). Enterprise Singapore. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.enterprisesg.gov.sg   ↩

Thailand plans massive investment in transport infrastructure. (2017, January 10). LinkedIn. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.linkedin.com   ↩

Profiled industries. (n.d.). Enterprise Singapore. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.enterprisesg.gov.sg ; Thailand’s automotive industry outlook 2019. (2019). AEC Business Advisory. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://kasikornbank.com   ↩

Statistical yearbook Thailand 2020. (2020). National Statistical Office, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society, p. 569. Retrieved December 9, 2020, from https://www.nso.go.th   ↩

Languepin, Olivier, (2019, February 7). Thailand 4.0, what do you need to know? Thailand Business News. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://www.thailand-business-news.com   ↩

Short Essay About Thailand

Short essay on thailand.

Thailand is a beautiful country located in Southeast Asia. Known for its stunning beaches, delicious food, and rich culture, it is a popular destination for tourists from all over the world.

One of the most iconic landmarks in Thailand is the Wat Phra Kaew temple, located in the capital city of Bangkok. It houses the famous Emerald Buddha, a highly revered religious icon in Thai culture. Visitors can also explore the Grand Palace, a complex of buildings that served as the official residence of the Kings of Siam.

Another popular destination is the city of Chiang Mai, known for its ancient temples, night markets, and elephant sanctuaries. Visitors can experience traditional Thai culture by participating in a cooking class, trying on traditional clothing, or taking part in a traditional Thai massage.

Thailand is also famous for its stunning beaches, such as Phuket, Koh Samui, and Krabi. Visitors can enjoy activities such as snorkeling, diving, or simply relaxing on the beach.

In addition to its natural beauty and cultural heritage, Thailand is also known for its delicious cuisine. Popular dishes include pad thai, green curry, and tom yum soup.

Overall, Thailand is a must-visit destination for those looking for a unique and unforgettable travel experience. From its vibrant cities to its stunning beaches and rich culture, there is something for everyone to enjoy in this amazing country.

Hello! Welcome to my Blog StudyParagraphs.co. My name is Angelina. I am a college professor. I love reading writing for kids students. This blog is full with valuable knowledge for all class students. Thank you for reading my articles.

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IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good introduction

Introductions are an important part of a Writing Task 2 essay. They let your examiner know what to expect from your essay. That’s why we have put together a quick list of tips you can use to write an effective introduction for Writing Task 2.

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An introduction is important to the essay because it creates an initial impression in terms of the quality of your writing. A clear, well-organised and relevant introduction will most certainly create a positive first impression on the examiner. So, what makes up an effective introduction? Let’s take a look.  

Tip 1: Stop to read and analyse the question

In Writing Task 2, you need to address all the parts of the question or task in a relevant way. Because your introduction is the first step towards achieving this goal, you need to introduce your answer to all the different parts of the question. This is why it is important to take some time to read and analyse the task before you start writing, so you know exactly what you are being asked to write about. 

Tip 2: Begin with a general statement and then focus in on the details of the question

Writing Task 2 questions usually begin with a general statement before focusing in on more specific points or questions about the topic. Using a similar model in your own introduction is a great way to start your essay, but make sure that your general statement is clearly related to your topic and is not too broad. 

Tip 3: Use your own words

While it is perfectly acceptable for you to use the task as a guide for your introduction, make sure you do not copy material from the task.  

Copying the task word-for-word shows the examiner that you have a limited range of language, which can affect your band score. Instead, change the order of the information, use synonyms, and explain more complex ideas in your own words.  

It is also important not to use a memorised introduction where you insert words related to the question topic. Examiners read thousands of responses so can recognise memorised scripts.

Tip 4: State your position

In Writing Task 2, you will need to develop a position while exploring the different parts of the task. It is then important that you clearly state your position in your introduction. 

Tip 5: Explain how you plan to develop your essay

Even though this strategy can be considered as optional, briefly explaining how you plan to develop the topic can help you better organise your writing. It is also a good way to let the examiner know what you’ll be covering in the essay. 

Review your introduction

Don’t forget to re-read your introduction once you’ve finished writing your essay. It is common for test takers to begin their essays thinking about a specific argument, or a specific way to organise their writing but change their minds as they develop the topic. So, after completing your Writing Task 2, make sure that your final draft still matches your introduction. 

Now that we have gone over some important strategies for writing a good introduction for Writing Task 2, it’s time to look at a sample introduction. Start by reading and analysing the prompt, as mentioned in tip 1. Then, carefully read the sample introduction and notice the different strategies used, which have been highlighted for you.

Sample question

The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. 

The benefits of nuclear technology far outweigh the disadvantages. 

To what extent do you agree or disagree?  

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 

Write at least 250 words.

Sample introduction

General Statement: 

Nuclear technology has been around for many years.  

Details: 

Whether this technology is used for weapons of mass destruction or as a source of energy, many are of the belief that the use of nuclear energy has more advantages than disadvantages. 

Position: 

In my opinion, nuclear technology can indeed be a very efficient energy source. However, nuclear weapons possess such enormous destructive power that any benefits that this technology may offer to humankind are not enough to counter its potential devastating effects. 

Plan: 

This essay will address why the drawbacks of nuclear technology outweigh the benefits and will include relevant examples to support this position.

Just as an effective introduction will let the examiner know what they can expect from your essay, a good conclusion will remind them of the main points presented and will summarise what you want your examiner to remember from your writing. Check our blog for our post on strategies for writing a good conclusion! 

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The Best Guide for How to Introduce Yourself in Thai

When you learn Thai language, introducing yourself in Thai is one of the most important things you’ll learn. How to introduce yourself in Thai is a basic Thai lesson for starters, and we’ll provide you with all you need to learn how to introduce yourself in Thai.

After reading this article, you’ll know the following things about how to speak Thai when introducing yourself:

• Things Thai people normally say in their self-introductions
• Things Thai people want to know when they meet a foreigner
• Things that can be said to describe yourself in Thai
• What to say in formal versus informal situations
• Some tips to impress Thai people during self-introductions

For people who have just started learning the Thai language, or are just beginning “introduce yourself in Thai” lessons, there’s a lot to remember. There are various Thai introduction phrases, both formal and informal, that you can use. So before you start learning how to present yourself in Thai, it will make things much easier to learn a little basic Thai grammar.

So if you’re ready to learn and explore how to introduce yourself (in Thai to English), then let’s get started.

Table of Contents

• Basic Thai Grammar
• Introducing Oneself in Thai

1. Basic Thai Grammar

When introducing yourself in Thai, grammar plays an important role. If you know some pronouns, as well as how to make sentences sound formal, you’ll find it easier to remember how to introduce yourself in Thai language.

1- Thai Pronouns

Before you can learn Thai language, introduce yourself in Thai, and move a conversation forward, you’ll need to a few pronouns. In Thai learning, introduce yourself using one of the many Thai pronouns you can use to call yourself. Each one can be used in different situations, depending on the level of formality and the gender of the speaker. Here’s a list of pronouns you can use, ordered by level of formality, from the most formal to the least formal. (Later on, we’ll also be going over additional “introducing yourself in Thai” vocabulary!)

• ข้าพเจ้า ( khâa-phá-jâo )
• ผม ( phǒm )
• เรา ( rao )
• ดิฉัน ( dì-chǎn )
• ฉัน ( chǎn )

2- Khráp and Khâ

To make a sentence sound formal in Thai, Thai people put the word ครับ ( khráp ) and ค่ะ ( khà ) at the end of a sentence when speaking. ครับ ( khráp ) is used when the speaker is male, while ค่ะ ( khâ ) is used when the speaker is female.

2. Introducing Oneself in Thai

One may wonder how to introduce myself in Thai language, or further, how to go about introducing yourself when in Thailand. That’s what we’ll go over in this section of the article. Below is a list of sentences you can use in self-introductions, and questions you may hear from another party. You can use them to introduce yourself in Thai in 10 lines.

When trying to give a self-introduction in Thai language-learning, introduce yourself by starting with your name. Below is some information on talking about your name in Thai.

1- Name / ชื่อ ( chûue )

• คำถาม: คุณชื่ออะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun chûue à-rai khráp / khá Question: “What is your name?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันชื่อ…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn chûue …… khráp / khâ Answer: “My name is ……”

2- Nickname / ชื่อเล่น ( chûue-lêen )

• คำถาม: คุณชื่อเล่นชื่ออะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun chûue-lêen chûue à-rai khráp / khá Question: “What is your nickname?”
• คำตอบ: ชื่อเล่นของผม / ฉันคือ…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: chûue-lêen khǎawng phǒm / chǎn khuue……khráp / khâ Answer: “My nickname is ……”

3- Age / อายุ ( aa-yú )

• คำถาม: คุณอายุเท่าไหร่ครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun aa-yú thâo-rài khráp / khá Question: “How old are you?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันอายุ ….. ปีครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn aa-yú…..bpii khráp / khâ Answer: “I’m ….. years old.”

4- Family / ครอบครัว ( khrâawp-khruua )

When you learn Thai, how to introduce yourself can be confusing in terms of what you should share. That said, talking about your family in Thai is a great way to keep a conversation flourishing!

Question 1: Marriage Status

• คำถาม: คุณแต่งงานหรือยังครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun dtàang-ngaan rǔue yang khráp / khá Question: “Are you married?”
• คำตอบ: แต่งงานแล้วครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: dtàang-ngaan láaeo khráp / khâ Answer: “I’m already married.”
• คำตอบ: มีแฟนแล้ว แต่ยังไม่ได้แต่งงานครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: mii faaen láaeo dtàae yang mâi dâi dtàang-ngaan khráp / khâ Answer: “I have a boyfriend / girlfriend. But I’m not married yet.”
• คำตอบ: ยังโสดครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: yang sòot khráp / khâ Answer: “I’m still single.”

Question 2: Children

• คำถาม: คุณมีลูกรึยังครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun mii lûuk rúe yang khráp / khá Question: “Do you have children?”
• คำตอบ: มี…..คนครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: mii…..khon khráp / khâ Answer: “I have ….. child(ren).”
• คำตอบ: ยังไม่มีครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: yang mâi mii khráp / khâ Answer: “I don’t have one.”

Question 3: Brother / Sister

• คำถาม: คุณมีพี่น้องรึเปล่าครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun mii phîi-náawng rúe-bplàao khráp / khá Question: “Do you have a brother or sister?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันเป็นลูกคนเดียวครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn bpen lûuk khon diiao khráp / khâ Answer: “I’m an only child.”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันมีพี่น้อง…..คนครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn-mii phîi-náawng…..khon khráp / khâ Answer: “I have ….. brother(s) / sister(s).”

5- Address / ที่อยู่ ( thîi-yùu )

• คำถาม: คุณพักอยู่แถวไหนครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun phák yùu thǎeeo nǎi khráp / khá Question: “Where do you live?”
• คำถาม: คุณพักอยู่ที่ไหนครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun phák yùu thîi nǎi khráp / khá Question: “Where do you live?”
• คำถาม: บ้านคุณอยู่ที่ไหนครับ/คะ Kham-thǎam: bâan khun yùu thîi nǎi khráp / khá Question: “Where is your house?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันอยู่แถว…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn-yùu thǎaeo…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I live in ….. area.”
• คำตอบ: บ้านของผม / ฉันอยู่แถว…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: bâan khǎawng phǒm / chǎn yùu thǎaeo…..khráp / khâ Answer: “My house is in ….. area.”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันอยู่ที่…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn yùu thîi…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I live in ……”
• คำตอบ: บ้านของผม / ฉันอยู่ที่…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: bâan khǎawng phǒm / chǎn yùu thîi…..khráp / khâ Answer: “My house is in……”

6- Nationality / สัญชาติ ( sǎn-châat )

• คำถาม: คุณเป็นคนชาติอะไรครับ/คะ Kham-thǎam: khun bpen khon châat à-rai khráp / khá Question: “What is your nationality?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันเป็นคน…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn bpen khon…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I am……”

Possible Answers

• “British” = อังกฤษ ( ang-grìt )
• “American” = อเมริกา ( à-mee-rí-gaa )
• “French” = ฝรั่งเศษ ( fà-ràng-sèet )
• “German” = เยอรมัน ( yooe-rá-man )
• “Italian” = อิตาลี ( ì-dtaa-lîi )
• “Turkish” = ตุรกี ( dtù-rá-gii )
• “Russian” = รัซเซีย ( rát-siia )
• “Australian” = ออสเตเลีย ( áawt-dtee-liia )
• “Mexican” = แม็กซิโก ( máek-sì-goo )
• “Canadian” = แคนนาดา ( khaaen-naa-daa )
• “Chinese” = จีน ( jiin )
• “Japanese” = ญี่ปุ่น ( yîi-bpùn )
• “Korean” = เกาหลี ( gao-lǐi )
• “Singaporian” = สิงค์โปร ( sǐng-khà-bpoo )
• “Malaysian” = มาเลเซีย ( ma-lee-siia )
• “Vietnamese” = เวียดนาม ( wîiat-naam )
• “Laos” = ลาว ( laao )
• “Burmese” = พม่า ( phá-mâa )
• “Indonesian” = อินโดนีเซีย ( in-doo-nee-siia )
• “Filipino” = ฟิลิปปินส์ ( fí-líp-bpin )
• “Indian” = อินเดีย ( in-diia )

7- School / โรงเรียน ( roong-riian ) and University / มหาวิทยาลัย ( má-hǎa-wít-thá-yaa-lai )

• คำถาม: คุณเรียนที่ไหนครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun riian thîi nǎi khráp / khá Question: “Which school/university are you studying at?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันเรียนที่……ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn riian thîi…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I am studying at…..”
• คำถาม: คุณเรียนจบจากที่ไหนครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun riian jòb jàak thîi nǎi khráp / khá Question: “Which school/university are you graduated from?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันเรียนจบจากที่……ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn riian jòb jàak thîi…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I am graduated from…..”

8- Occupation / อาชีพ ( aa-chîip )

• คำถาม: คุณทำอาชีพอะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun tham aa-chîip à-rai khráp / khá Question: “What is your occupation ?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันเป็น……ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn bpen…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I am …..”
• “Doctor” = หมอ ( mǎaw )
• “Nurse” = พยาบาล ( phá-yaa-baan )
• “Male cook” = พ่อครัว ( phâaw-khruua )
• “Female cook” = แม่ครัว ( mâae-khruua )
• “Secretary” = เลขานุการ ( lee-khǎa-nú-gaan )
• “Teacher” = ครู ( khruu )
• “Consultant” = ที่ปรึกษา ( thîi-bprùek-sǎa )
• “Government officer” = ข้าราชการ ( khâa-râat-chá-gaan )
• “Driver” = คนขับรถ ( khon-khàp-rót )
• “Singer” = นักร้อง ( nák-ráawng )
• “ Musician ” = นักดนตรี ( nák-don-dtrii )
• “Male model” = นายแบบ ( naai-bàaep )
• “Female model” = นางแบบ ( naang-bàaep )
• “Actor / actress” = นักแสดง ( nák-sà-daaeng )

9- Hobby / งานอดิเรก ( ngaan à-dì-rèek )

• คำถาม: งานอดิเรกของคุณคืออะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: ngan à-dì-rèek khǎawng khun khuue à-rai khráp / khá Question: “What is your hobby?”
• คำถาม: คุณทำอะไรในเวลาว่างครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun tham à-rai nai wee-laa wâng khráp / khá Question: “What do you do in your free time?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันชอบ……ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn châawp…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I like to…….”
• “Listen to music” = ฟังเพลง ( fang phleeng )
• “Watch television” = ดูทีวี ( duu thii-wii )
• “Play games” = เล่นเกมส์ ( lêen gaaem )
• “Draw pictures” = วาดรูป ( wâat rûup )
• “Read books” = อ่านหนังสือ ( àan nǎng-sǔue )
• “ Cook food ” = ทำอาหาร ( tham aa-hǎan )
• “Take photos” = ถ่ายรูป ( thàai rûup )
• “ Play with my pet ” = เล่นกับสัตว์เลี้ยง ( lêen gàp sàt-líiang )
• “Plant tree” = ปลูกต้นไม้ ( bplùuk dtôn-mái )
• “Browse social media” = เล่นโซเชียลมีเดีย ( lêen soo-chîian mii-dìia )
• “Sing” = ร้องเพลง ( ráawng phleeng )
• “Play piano” = เล่นเปียโน ( lêen bpiia-noo )
• “Play guitar” = เล่นกีตาร์ ( lêen gii-dtâa )
• “Play drum” = ตีกลอง ( dtii glaawng )
• “Play violin” = เล่นไวโอลิน ( lêen wai-oo-lin )
• “ Play sports ” = เล่นกีฬา ( lên gii-laa )
• “Shopping online” = ซื้อของออนไลน์ ( súue khǎawng aawn-laai )

10- Favorite Things / สิ่งที่ชอบ ( sìng thîi châawp )

Question 1: color.

• คำถาม: คุณชอบสีอะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun châawp sǐi à-rai khráp / khá Question: “ Which color do you like? “
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันชอบสี…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎnchâawp sǐi…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I like …….”

Question 2: Food

• คำถาม: คุณชอบอาหารอะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun châawp aa-hǎan à-rai khráp / khá Question: “ Which food do you like? “

Question 3: Movies

• คำถาม: คุณชอบหนังเรื่องอะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun châawp nǎng rûueang à-rai khráp / khá Question: “Which movie do you like?”
• คำตอบ: ผม / ฉันชอบ…..ครับ / ค่ะ Kham-dtàawp: phǒm / chǎn châawp…..khráp / khâ Answer: “I like …….”

Question 4: Books

• คำถาม: คุณชอบหนังสือเรื่องอะไรครับ / คะ Kham-thǎam: khun châawp nǎng-sǔue rûueang à-rai khráp / khá Question: “Which book do you like?”

“It’s hard to describe myself in Thai or to present myself in Thai.”

You may have this kind of thought if you’ve just started learning Thai and aren’t really confident in your Thai pronunciation . This is normal when you try to speak a language that’s new to you. So here are some tips that will help you with your first few self-introductions.

Thailand is a land of smiles; Thai people really do smile a lot. So any time you’re not confident or are unsure of what to do, just smile. During a self-introduction, smiling helps to create a good first impression.

In Thailand, wâi is an action that Thai people do to pay respect to older people. So when you first meet someone who’s older than you, you can greet them formally by doing this action, and saying sà-wàt-dii at the same time, before introducing yourself.

3- Nice to meet you

Even if you can’t speak fluently, you can convey that you are happy to know another party by saying ยินดีที่ได้รู้จัก ( yin-dii-thîi-dâi-rúu-jàk ) which is “nice to meet you” in thai language after being introduced to someone.

4- Formal / Informal Way to Introduce Yourself

In Thai, you talk differently to different people, depending on their age and the situation you’re in. In business or when talking with older people, it’s better to more formally introduce yourself in Thai.

But when you talk to friends or people of a similar age, you should use a more informal way to introduce yourself in Thai.

The sentence you speak will sound either formal or informal, depending on the pronoun you use to call yourself and whether you put khráp / khâ at the end of a sentence or not.

5- Introduce Yourself in Thai Essay

How can you introduce yourself in a Thai paragraph? Luckily for you, writing a Thai paragraph about yourself isn’t that different from speaking. You can put all the self-introduction sentences you learned above together in writing.

Sample Composition about Myself in Thai

ฉันชื่อญาดา ชื่อเล่นของฉัน คือ แนน ตอนนี้ฉันอายุ 25 ปี และฉันมีพี่สาว 1 คน บ้านของฉันอยู่แถวอารีย์ ฉันเป็นคนไทย เรียนจบจากมหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ตอนนี้ทำอาชีพเป็นทนายความ ในเวลาว่างฉันชอบอ่านหนังสือ ฉันชอบเรื่องแฮร์รี่ พ็อตเตอร์เป็นพิเศษ

Chǎn chûue yaa-daa chûue-lêen khǎawng chǎn khuue naaen dtaawn-níi chǎn aa-yú yîi-sìp-hâa bpiii láe chǎn mii phîi-sǎao nùeng khon bâan khǎawng chǎn yùu thǎaeo aa-rii chǎn pen khon thai riian jòp jàak má-hǎ-wít-thá-yaa-lai tham-má-sàat dtaawn-níi tham aa-chîip bpen thá-naai-khwaam nai wee-laa wâng chǎn châawp àan nǎng-sǔue chǎn châawp rûueang haae-rîi-pháwt-dtôoe bpen phí-sèet .

My name is Yada. My nickname is Nan. I’m now twenty-five years old and I have one older sister. My house is in Aree area. I’m Thai and I have graduated from Thammasart University . Now, I work as a lawyer. In my free time, I like to read. My favorite book is Harry Potter.

4. Conclusion

We hope learning how to introduce yourself in Thai isn’t too hard for you. With our “introducing yourself in Thai” lessons, our tips, and a little practice, you’re surely going to get better at self-introduction. As a foreigner, if you introduce yourself in Thai, despite not pronouncing correctly, Thai people will be very impressed. Still, you need to remember to consider the situation you’re in so that you can adjust the level of formality you use. Also, don’t forget to smile, as this helps with first impressions as well.

Once you can introduce yourself perfectly, you should visit ThaiPod101.com to learn and practice other Thai lessons to further master your Thai.

So, reader, do you feel more prepared to introduce yourself in Thai? Why not do so in the comments below? We look forward to hearing from you!

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LinguaJunkie.com

A very cranky language blogger dishing out brutal language tips.

How to Introduce Yourself in Thai in 10 Lines

Want to speak Thai? Yes? Good – keep reading. This is for those that truly want to learn the language. Here’s how you introduce yourself in Thai in 10 easy lines… and this might take you 2 to 3 minutes or less. With this lesson…

• You get the Thai, translations and romanizations.
• Read out loud to practice your speaking.
• Feel free to print this sheet out for extra review.

Here’s how you introduce yourself in Thai. Let’s go.

… if you want to REALLY learn Thai with Audio & Video lessons from real teachers, be sure to check out ThaiPod101.com and click here )

1) Hello, It’s nice to meet you.

Hello and Nice to meet you in Thai are a must-know phrases. And any introduction will probably will start with these words.

• Hello, it’s nice to meet you.
• สวัสดีค่ะ ยินดีที่ได้รู้จัก
• Sa-wat-dee-kha yin-dii-tii-dai-ruu-jak

2) My name is _____.

This is simple. To say “my name is” in Thai, use the phrase below. We’re using “Isra” as an example.

• My name is Isra .
• ชื่อของฉันคืออิสระ ชื่อของฉันคืออิสระ
• Chuue khaawng chan khuue it-sa-ra

3) I am from ______.

So, where are you from? America? Europe? Africa? Asia? Just stick the name of your country inside this phrase. We’ll use Thailand as an example.

• I’m from Thailand.
• ฉันมาจากประเทศไทย
• Chan maa jaak bpra-theet-thai

4) I live in ______.

What about now – where do you live? Just fill in the blank with the country or city (if famous) into this phrase. I’ll use Bangkok as an example.

• I live in Bangkok.
• ฉันอาศัยอยู่ในกรุงเทพฯ ฉันอาศัยอยู่ในกรุงเทพฯ
• Chan aa-sai yuu nai grung-theep

5) I’ve been learning Thai for _____.

How long have you been learning Thai for? A month? A year?

• I’ve been learning Thai for a year.
• ฉันได้เรียนภาษาไทยมาหนึ่งปี
• Chan dai riian phaa-saa thai maa nueng bpii

6) I’m learning Thai at _____.

Where are you learning Thai? At school? At home? This would be a great line to know and use when you’re introducing yourself. Here’s my example:

• I’m learning Thai at ThaiPod101.com .
• ฉันเรียนภาษาไทยจาก ThaiPod101.com
• Chan riian phaa-saa thai jaak ThaiPod101.Com

7) I am ____ years old.

Here’s how to say how old you are in Thai.

• I’m 27 years old.
• ฉันอายุ 27 ปี
• Chan Aa-yuu yii-sip-jet bpii

8) I am ______.

What about your position? Are you a student? Yoga teacher? Lawyer for the potato industry? Potato salesman? Super important question that people like to ask (and judge you about – Hey, I’m just a blogger! ).

• I’m a teacher.
• Chan bpen khruu

9) One of my hobbies is _____.

Now, let’s move onto personal interests – hobbies! My hobbies are languages, linguajunkieing and such. How about you? You’ll definitely need this line when introducing yourself in Thai.

Here’s an example to use:

• One of my hobbies is reading.
• หนึ่งในงานอดิเรกของฉันคือการอ่าน
• Nueng nai ngaan a-di-reek khaawng chan khuue gaan-aan

10) I enjoy listening to music.

Now, this is just another example line about your hobbies . You can use something else where.

• I enjoy listening to music.
• ฉันสนุกกับการฟังเพลง
• Chan sa-nuuk gup gaan fang phleeng

So now you know how to introduce yourself in Thai in 10 lines. I’m sure there’s a ton more you can say – but this is an easy, simple start that any beginner can put to use. It’s all about starting easy.

See if you can introduce yourself below. Leave me a comment.

I read all comments!

Hope you enjoyed this!

– The Main Junkie

P.S. I highly recommend this for Thai learners. If you REALLY want to learn to Thai with effective lessons by real teachers – Sign up for free at ThaiPod101 (click here) and start learning!

Get science-backed answers as you write with Paperpal's Research feature

How to Write an Essay Introduction (with Examples)   

The introduction of an essay plays a critical role in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. It sets the stage for the rest of the essay, establishes the tone and style, and motivates the reader to continue reading. 

Table of Contents

What is an essay introduction , what to include in an essay introduction, how to create an essay structure , step-by-step process for writing an essay introduction , how to write an introduction paragraph , how to write a hook for your essay , how to include background information , how to write a thesis statement .

• Argumentative Essay Introduction Example: 
• Expository Essay Introduction Example 

Literary Analysis Essay Introduction Example

Check and revise – checklist for essay introduction , key takeaways , frequently asked questions .

An introduction is the opening section of an essay, paper, or other written work. It introduces the topic and provides background information, context, and an overview of what the reader can expect from the rest of the work. 1 The key is to be concise and to the point, providing enough information to engage the reader without delving into excessive detail. 

The essay introduction is crucial as it sets the tone for the entire piece and provides the reader with a roadmap of what to expect. Here are key elements to include in your essay introduction: 

• Hook : Start with an attention-grabbing statement or question to engage the reader. This could be a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or a compelling anecdote. 
• Background information : Provide context and background information to help the reader understand the topic. This can include historical information, definitions of key terms, or an overview of the current state of affairs related to your topic. 
• Thesis statement : Clearly state your main argument or position on the topic. Your thesis should be concise and specific, providing a clear direction for your essay. 

Before we get into how to write an essay introduction, we need to know how it is structured. The structure of an essay is crucial for organizing your thoughts and presenting them clearly and logically. It is divided as follows: 2  

• Introduction:  The introduction should grab the reader’s attention with a hook, provide context, and include a thesis statement that presents the main argument or purpose of the essay.  
• Body:  The body should consist of focused paragraphs that support your thesis statement using evidence and analysis. Each paragraph should concentrate on a single central idea or argument and provide evidence, examples, or analysis to back it up.  
• Conclusion:  The conclusion should summarize the main points and restate the thesis differently. End with a final statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid new information or arguments. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write an essay introduction: 

• Start with a Hook : Begin your introduction paragraph with an attention-grabbing statement, question, quote, or anecdote related to your topic. The hook should pique the reader’s interest and encourage them to continue reading. 
• Provide Background Information : This helps the reader understand the relevance and importance of the topic. 
• State Your Thesis Statement : The last sentence is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be clear, concise, and directly address the topic of your essay. 
• Preview the Main Points : This gives the reader an idea of what to expect and how you will support your thesis. 
• Keep it Concise and Clear : Avoid going into too much detail or including information not directly relevant to your topic. 
• Revise : Revise your introduction after you’ve written the rest of your essay to ensure it aligns with your final argument. 

Here’s an example of an essay introduction paragraph about the importance of education: 

Education is often viewed as a fundamental human right and a key social and economic development driver. As Nelson Mandela once famously said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” It is the key to unlocking a wide range of opportunities and benefits for individuals, societies, and nations. In today’s constantly evolving world, education has become even more critical. It has expanded beyond traditional classroom learning to include digital and remote learning, making education more accessible and convenient. This essay will delve into the importance of education in empowering individuals to achieve their dreams, improving societies by promoting social justice and equality, and driving economic growth by developing a skilled workforce and promoting innovation. 

This introduction paragraph example includes a hook (the quote by Nelson Mandela), provides some background information on education, and states the thesis statement (the importance of education). 

This is one of the key steps in how to write an essay introduction. Crafting a compelling hook is vital because it sets the tone for your entire essay and determines whether your readers will stay interested. A good hook draws the reader in and sets the stage for the rest of your essay.  

• Avoid Dry Fact : Instead of simply stating a bland fact, try to make it engaging and relevant to your topic. For example, if you’re writing about the benefits of exercise, you could start with a startling statistic like, “Did you know that regular exercise can increase your lifespan by up to seven years?” 
• Avoid Using a Dictionary Definition : While definitions can be informative, they’re not always the most captivating way to start an essay. Instead, try to use a quote, anecdote, or provocative question to pique the reader’s interest. For instance, if you’re writing about freedom, you could begin with a quote from a famous freedom fighter or philosopher. 
• Do Not Just State a Fact That the Reader Already Knows : This ties back to the first point—your hook should surprise or intrigue the reader. For Here’s an introduction paragraph example, if you’re writing about climate change, you could start with a thought-provoking statement like, “Despite overwhelming evidence, many people still refuse to believe in the reality of climate change.” 

Including background information in the introduction section of your essay is important to provide context and establish the relevance of your topic. When writing the background information, you can follow these steps: 

• Start with a General Statement:  Begin with a general statement about the topic and gradually narrow it down to your specific focus. For example, when discussing the impact of social media, you can begin by making a broad statement about social media and its widespread use in today’s society, as follows: “Social media has become an integral part of modern life, with billions of users worldwide.” 
• Define Key Terms : Define any key terms or concepts that may be unfamiliar to your readers but are essential for understanding your argument. 
• Provide Relevant Statistics:  Use statistics or facts to highlight the significance of the issue you’re discussing. For instance, “According to a report by Statista, the number of social media users is expected to reach 4.41 billion by 2025.” 
• Discuss the Evolution:  Mention previous research or studies that have been conducted on the topic, especially those that are relevant to your argument. Mention key milestones or developments that have shaped its current impact. You can also outline some of the major effects of social media. For example, you can briefly describe how social media has evolved, including positives such as increased connectivity and issues like cyberbullying and privacy concerns. 
• Transition to Your Thesis:  Use the background information to lead into your thesis statement, which should clearly state the main argument or purpose of your essay. For example, “Given its pervasive influence, it is crucial to examine the impact of social media on mental health.” 

A thesis statement is a concise summary of the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, or other type of academic writing. It appears near the end of the introduction. Here’s how to write a thesis statement: 

• Identify the topic:  Start by identifying the topic of your essay. For example, if your essay is about the importance of exercise for overall health, your topic is “exercise.” 
• State your position:  Next, state your position or claim about the topic. This is the main argument or point you want to make. For example, if you believe that regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health, your position could be: “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health.” 
• Support your position:  Provide a brief overview of the reasons or evidence that support your position. These will be the main points of your essay. For example, if you’re writing an essay about the importance of exercise, you could mention the physical health benefits, mental health benefits, and the role of exercise in disease prevention. 
• Make it specific:  Ensure your thesis statement clearly states what you will discuss in your essay. For example, instead of saying, “Exercise is good for you,” you could say, “Regular exercise, including cardiovascular and strength training, can improve overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.” 

Examples of essay introduction 

Here are examples of essay introductions for different types of essays: 

Argumentative Essay Introduction Example:  

Topic: Should the voting age be lowered to 16? 

“The question of whether the voting age should be lowered to 16 has sparked nationwide debate. While some argue that 16-year-olds lack the requisite maturity and knowledge to make informed decisions, others argue that doing so would imbue young people with agency and give them a voice in shaping their future.” 

Expository Essay Introduction Example  

Topic: The benefits of regular exercise 

“In today’s fast-paced world, the importance of regular exercise cannot be overstated. From improving physical health to boosting mental well-being, the benefits of exercise are numerous and far-reaching. This essay will examine the various advantages of regular exercise and provide tips on incorporating it into your daily routine.” 

Text: “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee 

“Harper Lee’s novel, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ is a timeless classic that explores themes of racism, injustice, and morality in the American South. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, the reader is taken on a journey that challenges societal norms and forces characters to confront their prejudices. This essay will analyze the novel’s use of symbolism, character development, and narrative structure to uncover its deeper meaning and relevance to contemporary society.” 

• Engaging and Relevant First Sentence : The opening sentence captures the reader’s attention and relates directly to the topic. 
• Background Information : Enough background information is introduced to provide context for the thesis statement. 
• Definition of Important Terms : Key terms or concepts that might be unfamiliar to the audience or are central to the argument are defined. 
• Clear Thesis Statement : The thesis statement presents the main point or argument of the essay. 
• Relevance to Main Body : Everything in the introduction directly relates to and sets up the discussion in the main body of the essay. 

Writing a strong introduction is crucial for setting the tone and context of your essay. Here are the key takeaways for how to write essay introduction: 3  

• Hook the Reader : Start with an engaging hook to grab the reader’s attention. This could be a compelling question, a surprising fact, a relevant quote, or an anecdote. 
• Provide Background : Give a brief overview of the topic, setting the context and stage for the discussion. 
• Thesis Statement : State your thesis, which is the main argument or point of your essay. It should be concise, clear, and specific. 
• Preview the Structure : Outline the main points or arguments to help the reader understand the organization of your essay. 
• Keep it Concise : Avoid including unnecessary details or information not directly related to your thesis. 
• Revise and Edit : Revise your introduction to ensure clarity, coherence, and relevance. Check for grammar and spelling errors. 
• Seek Feedback : Get feedback from peers or instructors to improve your introduction further. 

The purpose of an essay introduction is to give an overview of the topic, context, and main ideas of the essay. It is meant to engage the reader, establish the tone for the rest of the essay, and introduce the thesis statement or central argument.  

An essay introduction typically ranges from 5-10% of the total word count. For example, in a 1,000-word essay, the introduction would be roughly 50-100 words. However, the length can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the overall length of the essay.

An essay introduction is critical in engaging the reader and providing contextual information about the topic. To ensure its effectiveness, consider incorporating these key elements: a compelling hook, background information, a clear thesis statement, an outline of the essay’s scope, a smooth transition to the body, and optional signposting sentences.  

The process of writing an essay introduction is not necessarily straightforward, but there are several strategies that can be employed to achieve this end. When experiencing difficulty initiating the process, consider the following techniques: begin with an anecdote, a quotation, an image, a question, or a startling fact to pique the reader’s interest. It may also be helpful to consider the five W’s of journalism: who, what, when, where, why, and how.   For instance, an anecdotal opening could be structured as follows: “As I ascended the stage, momentarily blinded by the intense lights, I could sense the weight of a hundred eyes upon me, anticipating my next move. The topic of discussion was climate change, a subject I was passionate about, and it was my first public speaking event. Little did I know , that pivotal moment would not only alter my perspective but also chart my life’s course.” 

Crafting a compelling thesis statement for your introduction paragraph is crucial to grab your reader’s attention. To achieve this, avoid using overused phrases such as “In this paper, I will write about” or “I will focus on” as they lack originality. Instead, strive to engage your reader by substantiating your stance or proposition with a “so what” clause. While writing your thesis statement, aim to be precise, succinct, and clear in conveying your main argument.  

To create an effective essay introduction, ensure it is clear, engaging, relevant, and contains a concise thesis statement. It should transition smoothly into the essay and be long enough to cover necessary points but not become overwhelming. Seek feedback from peers or instructors to assess its effectiveness. 

References  

• Cui, L. (2022). Unit 6 Essay Introduction.  Building Academic Writing Skills . 
• West, H., Malcolm, G., Keywood, S., & Hill, J. (2019). Writing a successful essay.  Journal of Geography in Higher Education ,  43 (4), 609-617. 
• Beavers, M. E., Thoune, D. L., & McBeth, M. (2023). Bibliographic Essay: Reading, Researching, Teaching, and Writing with Hooks: A Queer Literacy Sponsorship. College English, 85(3), 230-242. 

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Introduction: Generating Governance - An Essay Series on Strategies and Challenges in AI Regulation

In this essay series, the authors explore different aspects of emerging AI governance regimes.   Though about quite different topics, the essays have many common threads. Several of the essays demonstrate that many of the difficulties with AI governance are less challenges of AI than challenges of governance generally—navigating power struggles and competing interests, getting buy-in, and avoiding capture. A second theme is the importance of regulatory diffusion and how governance regimes implicitly rely on it. Several of the authors see a vision of diffusion as central to the form of regulation chosen by each government—particularly in the EU’s case, where the government relies on the so-called “Brussels Effect” to assert greater control over global technology and market regulation. Finally, several of the authors examine the EU’s draft AI Act, probably the most globally important pending AI regulation. Specifically, they discuss the impacts of its core focus on risk, an approach that relies heavily on precaution, internal assessments, and enterprise risk management and mitigation, rather than accountability and liability from an oversight body. The choice to use risk management—a choice that the EU is certainly not alone in—has specific consequences that are worth teasing out, and several of the essays here do just that.

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About the author.

Andrew Selbst is an Assistant Professor at the UCLA School of Law.

Can AI Standards Have Politics?

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Sovereignity and the Governance of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract This Essay explores the concept of sovereignty in relation to artificial intelligence. Although sovereignty has long been used to describe the status of nation states, the concept of sovereignty is used in multiple ways in the digital...

Challenging Minority Rule: Developing AI Standards that Serve the Majority World

Abstract This essay considers the emerging transnational governance frameworks for AI that are being developed under the auspices of a handful of powerful regulatory blocs, namely the United States, the European Union, and China, which are best...

Voices In, Voices Out: Impacted Stakeholders and the Governance of AI

Abstract This Essay addresses reasons for impacted stakeholder involvement in AI governance, ranging from democratic accountability norms to principles of regulatory design. It evaluates several recent examples of both soft and hard law, noting a...

Thai high: the rise of a newfound cannabis culture – a photo essay

Photographer Dougie Wallace has been looking at the impact of the decriminalisation of cannabis in Thailand, from Khaosan Road to the beach resorts, such as Krabi and Phuket, that attract tourists

T he decriminalisation of cannabis in Thailand in June 2022 has led to an explosion in marijuana shops across the country – especially in its tourist areas. It is sold at trendy dispensaries in Bangkok, at beachside bars across resort islands and even on river cruises. On bustling streets, green leaf logos glow in neon above shop fronts, and small stalls, set up with rows of glass jars, dot the pavement.

Tourists and street advertiser in Patong, Phuket

More than 7,000 cannabis shops are estimated to have opened across the country which, until recent years, was known for having some of the world’s toughest drugs laws.

There is, however, uncertainty about the future of the industry. Elections last year brought a change in government, and the Pheu Thai party, which had campaigned on a pledge to ban recreational use of the drug, now leads the ruling coalition. The prime minister, Srettha Thavisin, has said he wants cannabis to be relisted as a narcotic by the end of the year.

Tourists on the Khaosan Road in Bangkok

Tourists in Bangkok’s Khaosan Road, a loud party street that has attracted backpackers for decades, are not impressed by the possibility of a U-turn on the law. “No, no, no, please, no change,” remarks Nazif Turkan, 32, as he relaxes in an indoor smoking area. Cannabis makes the country even more attractive as a tourist destination, he says, on top of its rich culture, excellent food and wealth of natural sites. “This is a bonus [for tourists], it’s a good thing to have.”

Critics say decriminalisation was rushed and there are loopholes and inconsistencies in the rules and their enforcement. There have been particular concerns about teenagers accessing the drug, even though it is illegal to sell it to under-20s.

Visitors to the old market area in Krabi, and below

Others say reversing the law and ridding the streets of cannabis would be virtually impossible. Cannabis has become a part of the nightlife in tourist hotspots, such as Krabi and Phuket, where weed shops and stalls have opened up alongside bars, and Thailand’s famous street food vendors. Decriminalisation has boosted the economy in since the Covid pandemic, and created new opportunities for entrepreneurs, they say.

The University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce estimated in 2022 that the sector could be worth $1.2bn (£950m) by next year.

Tourists on the island of Kho Phi Phi, and below

A few years ago, Malee, who asked not to give her real name, worked with her partner bulk-buying vegetables in their home province of Chachoengsao and selling it on to local markets. They would buy greens, such as spring onions, coriander and morning glory, from farmers and package the goods ready to be sold. But when cannabis was legalised in 2022, they set up a business growing it at home. “He saw the opportunity and thought he would earn a lot more money than just selling vegetables,” Malee says of her partner.

Kho Phi Phi

At first, they made a good profit, she says, but then there was an influx of illegal foreign cannabis imports and go-betweens, which she blames for driving down prices. The couple decided to sell directly to tourists, and they now commute at least an hour to Bangkok to sell their produce on Khaosan Road, mostly to Europeans. “It’s quite hard [to make profit] because this weed is grown indoors and it takes four to five months – and you have to put in money for the electricity, the water, the seed. It’s a lot of money.” Malee will invest about 10,000 baht (£217) in growing a batch of cannabis, and will normally sell it for 30,000 baht in tourist areas.

Patong, Phuket, and below, the Old Town

She worries about the possibility of a legal clampdown, she says. “I keep following the news constantly. But in reality I don’t think it will impact our business that much. If it becomes illegal it will make our price higher,” she says, explaining that a hidden market will inevitably emerge.

Political analysts are also sceptical as to whether the government will impose dramatic legal changes. “There have been so many profits made [from] marijuana since it became decriminalised that it’s going to be virtually impossible to take it out of the economy to the extent that it is right now,” says Paul Chambers, a visiting fellow at ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, in Singapore, and a lecturer at Naresuan University, in Thailand.

Tourists in Patong, in Phuket

The most likely outcome is that stricter licences will be required to sell, or a doctor’s note needed to buy, cannabis, adds Chambers. In practice, this could make little difference to consumers. “It just means you’ve got to pay more money indirectly.”

Somyos Saetae, who works in the Greenday Dispensary on Khaosan Road, was a barista before he began working in weed shops, seeing it as an opportunity to advance his career. It’s hard to know what impact any legal change could have on the business because there is a lack of clarity about what could be introduced.

He blames what he considers to be unfair media coverage for adding to the negative perception among the public.

“When you talk about recreational use, maybe people only think about parties. But actually there are a lot of people who come to smoke weed to relax or sleep,” he says. On the counter, rows of jars are labelled with the effect the products will have – ranging from energetic, creative and talkative, to sleepy.

“Usually the customer will tell me what they need, whether they want to party, to relax or sleep, and I will recommend a different strain,” says Somyos.

Edible cannabis for sale in Kho Phi Phi

Outside, music from nightclubs thumps across the road, and bar staff wave promotional signs. A male dancer in shorts and cowboy boots dances flamboyantly over the tables outside a nearby bar. Tourists hold their phones in the air, capturing the scene.

Not everyone is ready for a big night out. Near to Somyos’s shop, Sho, 23, from Japan, explains that weed was a factor in drawing him to visit Thailand, as his friend snoozes opposite.

A Tuktuk driver on the Khaosan Rd, Bangkok

“One hour ago it was mostly Japanese people [here],” he explains, sitting away from the hustle and bustle of the street. It’s illegal back home and he’s never smoked it there, he adds. He’s staying for one week, and has been sightseeing to temples, tried Thai food – and smoked every day.

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Introduction to extracts from the “Ramakien”

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Ramakien is the Thai-language rendition of the Indic tale of Rama, a god born into a royal family and tasked with upholding moral virtue. The frame story of abduction and battle is modeled on the Indian  Ramayana  by the poet Valmiki, but there are many differences in tone and character. These extracts are from the version completed in 1798 at the court of King Rama I (r. 1782–1809), founder of the still-reigning Chakri dynasty. There are other renditions in Thai, both earlier and later, but this is the most famous and by far the longest, having likely incorporated all tellings of the tale in Thai known at that time. The original text is labeled a “drama script” and has music cues and stage directions. Episodes are still performed in the dance-drama form of khon with elaborate costumes and color-coded masks to identify some of the main characters, as well as being performed using puppets and other ways. The original is written in verse form with multiple rhymes and other constraints, but this translation is in prose. Readers should note that the names of leading characters may vary. Phra Ram (Rama) is sometimes called Phra Narai, referring to his origin as an avatar of Vishnu, or by some honorific: Phra Chakkrit, Chakri, Kritsanu, Hariwong or Harirak. Nang Sida (Sita) is sometimes called Phra Laksami, the consort of Vishnu and the Hindu goddess of wealth and beauty. The Ravana character in the Indian versions is here called Thotsakan, literally meaning “ten-necked,” referring to his characteristic ten heads and faces, and sometimes as Rapphanasun. His followers may be called asura , kumphan , or yaksa . Hanuman and other monkey troops who fight on the side of Phra Ram are sometimes referred to as wanon or krabi .  The first extract, “ Abduction of Nang Sida ,” is the famous scene that triggers the conflict between Phra Ram and Thotsakan, the conflict that forms the major part of the story. The second extract, “ Suphanamatcha ,” comes when Phra Ram is building the causeway to take his army across to the island of Longka, the home of Thotsakan, and recover Sida who has been taken there by Thotsakan. The episode showcases the distinctive character of Hanuman in the Thai Ramakien as both a superhero and a flirtatious womanizer. This scene is often performed, particularly the dance sequence when Hanuman chases Suphanamatcha, the mermaid daughter of Thotsakan. The third extract, “ Hanuman Carries the Mountain to Cure Phra Lak ,” occurs during the many battles between the two sides. An army led by Phra Ram’s younger brother, Phra Lak, has been defeated by an army led by Thotsakan’s son, Intharachit, who used some subterfuge. The episode is well known through the image of Hanuman carrying a mountain through the sky. Today this scene is perhaps the most performed of the entire epic, given its grand imagery and exciting events.

The translation is by Frederick Goss and was edited by Chris Baker.

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Red Lobster, an American Seafood Institution, Files for Bankruptcy

Facing challenges since the start of the pandemic, the seafood chain said it would reduce its locations and sell off most of its assets.

By Ali Watkins

Versatile and resilient, the lobster survives by molting, shedding its skin and growing into a new, bigger shell. But eventually, energy runs low and the transformation becomes more difficult.

Red Lobster, one of America’s best-known shellfish ambassadors, has reached this stage in its life cycle: The once-ubiquitous restaurant chain filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on Sunday after more than half a century as the country’s pre-eminent seafood franchise.

In court filings, the company said it had more than 100,000 creditors and liabilities of $1 billion to $10 billion. Red Lobster said it planned to reduce its locations as it prepared to to sell most of its assets. In the meantime, surviving Red Lobster restaurants will remain open.

It has been a painful, slow end for Red Lobster, whose death throes were telegraphed earlier this year when the company reportedly sought to restructure its debt. After decades as a General Mills subsidiary, Red Lobster was purchased by a private equity firm in 2014, and bolstered by a 2020 investment from a Thai seafood conglomerate. But it faced challenges in the years since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, when industry headwinds, rising costs and changes in dining habits forced the company to close underperforming locations .

The Thai seafood company, Thai Union Group , announced in January that it was abandoning its Red Lobster investment. Last week, dozens of Red Lobster locations began selling off assets through a liquidator , offering up the spoils of a crumbling restaurant dynasty like industrial freezers, lobster tanks and bar equipment (alcohol not included).

In its heyday, Red Lobster had obtained coveted status among suburban dining options: affordable enough to be accessible, fancy enough to be aspirational. Despite its founding in Orlando, Fla., the chain drew much of its inspiration from Bar Harbor, a tourist destination off the rocky Atlantic coast of Maine.

In its 56-year life span, Red Lobster had seen a host of reinventions. Initially billed as an oyster lounge and cocktail bar in the 1960s and ’70s, Red Lobster emerged in later years as a family-friendly dining choice that, for many, was an introduction to seafood.

It perhaps reached the pinnacle of cultural consciousness with a mention from Beyoncé, who name-dropped the restaurant in her 2016 song “Formation,” and just as swiftly fell from it . Last year, the chain stumbled on an all-you-can-eat shrimp deal that was so popular with diners, it helped push the company to an $11 million quarterly loss .

“This restructuring is the best path forward for Red Lobster,” Jonathan Tibus, the company’s chief executive, said in a statement on Sunday. “It allows us to address several financial and operational challenges and emerge stronger and refocused on our growth.”

Red Lobster did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Ali Watkins is a reporter on the Metro desk, covering crime and law enforcement in New York. Previously, she covered national security in Washington for The Times, BuzzFeed and McClatchy Newspapers. More about Ali Watkins