thesis topics for general surgery 2022

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Surgery Thesis Topics for MS /DNB. 

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• A study of morbidity associated with temporary loop ileostomy in perforation peritonitis cases
• Investigation of hyperbilirubinemia in amoebic liver abscess patients
• Comparison between ‘Fistulectomy’ and ‘Fistulotomy with marsupialisation’ for treating simple anal fistula: A randomized clinical trial
• Quality of life and rehabilitation requirements of breast cancer survivors
• Assessing lingual mucosal grafts in urethral stricture management
• Correlation between coagulation markers and axillary lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma
• A clinico-bacteriological examination of post-surgical wound infections
• A controlled examination of risk factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate carcinoma patients
• Hyperbilirubinemia as a novel diagnostic predictor of gangrenous/perforated appendicitis
• Comparative analysis of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with vs. without antibiotic prophylaxis
• Effects of adding levamisole to standard anthracycline-based preoperative chemotherapy on local immune response in invasive breast carcinoma
• Impact of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on gastroesophageal reflux via 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring
• The utility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in chest trauma patients not improving as expected on tube thoracostomy: A forward-looking clinical trial
• Utility of radioiodine (131 I) uptake and technetium (99m Tc) scans in evaluating thyroid function post-subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular goitre
• Predicting laparoscopic cholecystectomy challenges using clinical and ultrasonographic criteria
• A prospective, randomized clinical comparison of phytotherapy and potassium citrate in managing mild renal stone disease
• Diagnostic laparoscopy role evaluation in nonspecific abdominal pain patients and its correlation with clinical and imaging findings
• Clinical outcome assessment of laparoscopic anterior partial fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Efficacy comparison of ultrasonically activated scalpel (harmonic scalpel)® vs electrocautery in gallbladder removal from the gallbladder bed Role of diagnostic modalities in assessment of Solitary thyroid nodule and management.
• Impact of open tension-free bilateral mesh inguinal hernioplasty on vas deferens functionality
• A comparative study of preservation vs division of ilioinguinal iliohypogastric, and genital nerves during lichenstein hernioplasty.
• A prospective clinical study of acute intestinal obstruction.
• A prospective clinical study of duodenal perforation.
• A prospective clinical study & management of umbilical & para umbilical hernia in adults.
• A prospective clinical study on mass in the right iliac fossa.
• A prospective clinical study of acute appendicitis and evaluation of Alvardo score in the diagnosis”.
• A prospective study on management protocols of lump breast depending on FNAC-excision biopsy and its histopathological correlation.
• A prospective clinical study on gastro intestinal perforation.
• A prospective clinical study on benign thyroid swellings”.
• A prospective clinical study and management of incisional hernia.
• A prospective clinical study of acute peritonitis”.
• A prospective clinical study of benign breast disorders”.
• A prospective clinical study of efficacy of band ligation in the treatment of second-degree haemorrhoids”.
• A prospective clinical study and management of blunt trauma abdomen”.
• A prospective clinical evaluation and management of cholelithiasis”.
• A prospective clinical study and management of varicose veins in the lower limb”.
• Acute intestinal obstruction in adults”
• Comparative study of anatomical repair and lichenstein repair for inguinal hernia.
• Different strategies ( i.v. Lidocaine & gum feeding ) to shorten post surgical ileus — A prospective study.”
• Hyperbilirubinemia and crp as predictors of appendiceal gangrene / perforation — A prospective study
• A clinical study on duodenal perforation”
• A clinical study and different modalities of treatment in ventral hernias.
• Clinico-etio-pathological study of liver abscess.
• Clinical study of acute appendicitis with ference to clinical presentation, treatment and follow up.
• A randomized case control clinical trial to compare antibiotic versus normal saline instillation into the peritoneum in the management of secondary peritonitis.”
• Efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the pathological diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodule.
• Comparative study of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy for symptomatic stone diseases.
• A prospective study of incidence of malignancy in multi nodular goiters.”
• Evaluation and management of diabetic foot according to wagner’s classification”
• Study on clinical presentation and various modalities of treatment of gall stone disease”
• A clinical study of conventional dressing in diabetic wounds”
• A clinical study of peritonitis
• A clinical study of benign breast disorders”
• A case study of 100 cases of acute abdomen excluding trauma cases with reference to epidemiology and management”
• A clinical study of acute appendicitis and evaluating alvarado score in diagnosis and treatment”.
• Utility of surgical apgar score in predicting post operative morbidity and mortality in general surgical procedures.
• A clinical study of resection and anastomosis of bowel in our surgical practice.
• Role of diagnostic laparoscopy for staging in abdominal malignancies .”
• Clinico pathological study of chronic cervical lymphadenopathy.
• Incidence of SSI in elective abdominal surgery.
• A prospective  comparative study of open vs laparoscopic appendicectomy.
• Study of clinical features & management of benign ulcers of the leg & foot.”
• A clinical study of abdominal wound dehiscence.”
• A clinical study of post operative complications of thyroidectomy.”
• A clinical study of hollow viscus perforation. “
• Port site infiltration and intra peritoneal injection of bupivacine vs conventional analgesics in controlling post operative pain following laparoscopic surgeries.”
• Effect of platelet rich plasma on wound healing of leg ulcers. ”
• The study of antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean contaminated surgical wounds .”
• Evaluation of upper abdominal pain by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.”
• Accuracy of ultrasonography in acute and chronic abdominal conditions .”
• Comparative study of topical application of 2% diltiazem and lateral sphincterotomy of chronic fissure in ano. ”
• Clinico pathological study of salivary gland swellings.”
• Role of endoscopic iii ventriculostomy in the comprehensive management of hydrocephalus.”
• A comparative study of clinical findings, ultrasonography and histopathology in benign breast diseases.
• Comparative study between conservative dressings and dressings with papain – urea & silver colloid in case of skin ulcers.
• A case study on post — operative wound infections. “
• A comparative study of open vs laparoscopic hernia repair for umbilical and para umbilical hernia”.
• Evaluation of portsmouth — possum scoring system in assesing the surgical outcome in general surgery patients”.
• A study of uncomplicated inguinal hernia repair as a day care surgery”.
• A clinical study to correlate between cytological and histopathological findings in diagnosis of multinodular goitre”.
• Management   of lower limb varicose veins conservatively and surgically based on ceap classification”.
• Comparative study of stainless steel staples closure of skin wound versus 3.0 ethilon closure”.
• Prospective analysis of outcomes in elderly patients undergoing laparotomies for gastro intestinal causes”.
• Clinico pathological study and management of blunt trauma abdomen
• A comparative study of colostrum dressing versus convential dressing in wounds.
• Evaluation of Mannheim’s peritonitis index in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation”.
• Comparative study  between intermittent & continous suturing in emergency laparotomy”.
• A clinical study comparing pdgf dressing and vac dressing in diabetic ulcer”.
• Clinical study and management of solitary thyroid nodules
• A comparative study   of stapler haemorhoidopexy  versus  open haemorrhoidectomy”.
• Clinical study and management of incisional hernia with mesh repair.
• A clinical study to determine pre-operative predictive factors for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• A study of clinical profile and management of non-thyroidal neck swellings.
• A comparative study of serum cholesterol, biiirubin,phospate and calcium in patients with gail stone and normal persons”.
• A clinical study of pancreatitis due to gail stone disease.
• A evaluation of alvarado scoring in diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its correlation with histopathological and operative findings”.
• A clinical study of post operative complications of thyroidectomy.
• A comparative study of percutaneous cathater drainage vs percutaneous needle aspiration in the treatment of liver abscess in teretiary care center.
• A prospective study on factors affecting the outcome in bowel anastamosis in tertiary care center, asram,eluru”.
• An analytical study of clinicopathological and predictive factors in diagnosis, management and outcome in necrotising fascitis”.
• A comparative study of topical phenytoin vs normal saline dressing in the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers — a randomized control study”.
• A prospective study comparing the effectiveness of apache ii and mannheim peritonitis index in predecting the outcome in patients with perforative peritonitis”.
• A clinical study of various prognosis factors for better management of diabetic foot.
• Study of breast lumps in females upto 40 years of age.
• A study of patients of HIV presenting with surgical emergencies.
• Clinical study of splenk injury in abdominal trauma and its management.
• A study of abdominal lumps,diagnostic evaluation and operative correlation.
• Study of trauma outcome using the triss method at a tertiary care center.
• Comparison between RTS and GAP scoring systems to predict survival in patients of trauma. (Revised trauma score and Glasgow coma scale- age-pressure)
• A study of the correlation of pre-operative risk factors and complications occuring during and after laparoscopic procedures.
• Study of management of upper gastrointestinal malignancies.
• Clinicopathological study of small bowel and related mesenteric tumours.
• Clinicopathological study and management of breast cancer.
• Role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers.
• Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma of breast.
• Study of non-Traumatic lower limb amputations.
• A comparative study of three port versus four port techniques in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• A prospective study of the common bile duct status during laparoscopic cholecystectomy by using intraoperative cholangiogram.

Disclaimer!

There are many methods of sample size determination. It is one of the first hurdle when someone starts writing a thesis. I have tried to give simplest way of determination of sample size. You need to show the method to your PG teacher before you include this method in your thesis. First confirm from your PG teacher and then only proceed.

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Ten hot topics in general surgery.

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Session Description

In this popular session, the panelists review 10 of the hottest topics in general surgery selected from the ACS General Surgery Communities, recent surgery meetings, and the literature.

Course Outline

• Approaches to Femoral Hernia Benjamin K. Poulose, MD, MPH, FACS, Nashville, TN
• Pure Tissue Repair of Inguinal Hernia: Resurrection of a Lost Art John L. Tarpley, MD, FACS, FWACS, Nashville, TN
• Management of Symptomatic Gallstones in Pregnancy Rebecca C. Britt, MD, FACS, Norfolk, VA
• Laparoscopic Lavage vs. Hartmann Procedure for Perforated Diverticulitis Patricia L. Roberts, MD, FACS, FASCRS, Burlington, MA
• Oh, No! An Incorrect Count: Now What? Steven M. Steinberg, MD, FACS, Columbus, OH
• Hyperthyroidism: When Do I Recommend Surgery and What Is the Extent of Resection? Herbert Chen, MD, FACS, Birmingham, AL
• Current Management of Breast Abscess Wendy R. Greene, MD, FACS, FCCM, Atlanta, GA
• Incidental Liver Lesions: Treat or Observe? Cristina R. Ferrone, MD, FACS, Boston, MA
• Pneumatosis Intestinalis: Incidental or Catastrophic? Jose J. Diaz, MD, FACS, FCCM, Baltimore, MD
• Newer Approaches to Pancreatic Necrosis Steven J. Hughes, MD, FACS, Gainesville, FL

Target Audience

• Practicing surgeons

Learning Objectives

• Apply new knowledge and ideas to improve their surgical practice
• Adapt concepts and quality measures in support of research advancements
• Enhance the quality of patient care
• For questions about the course content, please contact [email protected].
• If you have any technical questions, contact [email protected].
• 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
• 1.50 Certificate of Completion
• 1.50 Self Assessment Credit

Disclosure Information

In accordance with the ACCME Accreditation Criteria, the American College of Surgeons must ensure that anyone in a position to control the content of the educational activity (planners and speakers/authors/discussants/moderators) has disclosed all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest. For additional information, please visit the ACCME website: http://www.accme.org/requirements/accreditation-requirements-cme-providers/policies-and-definitions/financial-relationships-and-conflicts-interest

The ACCME also requires that ACS manage any reported conflict and eliminate the potential for bias during the educational activity.  Any conflicts noted below have been managed to our satisfaction. The disclosure information is intended to identify any commercial relationships and allow learners to form their own judgments. However, if you perceive a bias during a activity, please report it on the evaluation.

(Download the full  list of disclosures . )

Faculty and Disclosures

Benjamin K. Poulose, MD, MPH, FACS, Nashville, TN - Ariste Medical: Consulting Fee: Consultant Bard-Davol: Research Funds: Co-Investigator, Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative: Salary John L. Tarpley, MD, FACS, FWACS, Nashville, TN - No Disclosures Rebecca C. Britt, MD, FACS, Norfolk, VA - No Disclosures Patricia L. Roberts, MD, FACS, FASCRS, Burlington, MA - No Disclosures Steven M. Steinberg, MD, FACS, Columbus, OH - No Disclosures Herbert Chen, MD, FACS, Birmingham, AL - No Disclosures Wendy R. Greene, MD, FACS, FCCM, Atlanta, GA - No Disclosures Cristina R. Ferrone, MD, FACS, Boston, MA - No Disclosures Jose J. Diaz, MD, FACS, FCCM, Baltimore, MD - No Disclosures Steven J. Hughes, MD, FACS, Gainesville, FL - No Disclosures

Program Committee and Disclosures

CHAIR: Henri R. Ford, MD, MHA, FACS, FAAP, FRCSEng(Hon), Miami, FL - No Disclosures VICE-CHAIR: David T. Cooke, MD, FACS, Sacramento, CA - No Disclosures

David C. Borgstrom, MD, FACS, Morgantown, WV - No Disclosures Daniel L. Dent, MD, FACS, San Antonio, TX - No Disclosures Roger R. Dmochowski, MD, FACS, Nashville, TN - Allergen: Honoraria: Consultant Audra A. Duncan, MD, FACS, London, ON - No Disclosures Mariam F. Eskander, MD, Boston, MA - No Disclosures Paula Ferrada, MD, FACS, Richmond, VA - No Disclosures Neil H. Hyman, MD, FACS, Chicago, IL - No Disclosures Martin S. Karpeh, Jr., MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures Dennis H. Kraus, MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures Kenneth W. Sharp, MD, FACS, Nashville, TN - No Disclosures David A. Spain, MD, FACS, Stanford, CA - No Disclosures

Ex-Officios

Mary T. Hawn, MD, FACS, Stanford, CA - No Disclosures Daniel M. Herron, MD, FACS, FASBMS, New York, NY - No Disclosures

Consultants

Barbara Lee Bass, MD, FACS, FRCS(Hon), Houston, TX - No Disclosures Quan-Yang Duh, MD, FACS, San Francisco, CA - No Disclosures B. J. Hancock, MD, FACS, FRCSC, Winnipeg, MB - No Disclosures Ronald V. Maier, MD, FACS, FRCSEd(Hon), Seattle, WA - No Disclosures Valerie W. Rusch, MD, FACS, New York, NY - No Disclosures

Continuing Medical Education Credit Information

The American College of Surgeons is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™

The American College of Surgeons designates this enduring activity for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Of the AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ listed above, a maximum of 1.5 credits meets the requirements for Self-Assessment.

Note: Residents will receive a Certificate of Completion.

Available Credit

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A novel perineal exposure method in laparoscopic abdominal perineal resection of rectal cancer: a case series study

Abdominal perineal resection (APR) of rectal cancer, also known as Mile’s procedure, is a classic procedure for the treatment of rectal cancer. Through the improvement of surgical skills and neoadjuvant therap...

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Comparison of efficacy of nadroparin and fondaparinux sodium for prevention of deep vein thromboembolism in lower extremities after total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study of 592 patients

To compare the efficacy of nadroparin and fondaparinux sodium for prevention of deep vein thromboembolism (DVT) in lower extremities after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Open surgery with a lateral neck approach in cases of foreign body impaction that penetrating the neck through the esophagus: a single-center experience

Because the cases are quite scarce, we aimed to review cases of foreign body impaction penetrating the neck through the esophagus to analyze the characteristics of these cases. The open surgery skills of the s...

Exploring rare locations of hydatid disease: a retrospective case series

Hydatid disease, endemic in Mediterranean countries, primarily affects the liver, but can manifest in diverse organs. Non-hepatic and non-pulmonary cysts often pose diagnostic challenges. This study examines p...

Time-to-surgery paradigms: wait time and surgical outcomes in critically Ill patients who underwent emergency surgery for gastrointestinal perforation

Waiting time for emergency abdominal surgery have been known to be linked to mortality. However, there is no clear consensus on the appropriated timing of surgery for gastrointestinal perforation. We investiga...

Association between hospital ownership and patient selection, management, and outcomes after carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting

This study analyses the association between hospital ownership and patient selection, treatment, and outcome of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Surgical treatment outcomes of acetabular posterior wall and posterior column fractures using 3D printing technology and individualized custom-made metal plates: a retrospective study

Fractures involving the posterior acetabulum with its rich vascular and neural supply present challenges in trauma orthopedics. This study evaluates the effectiveness of 3D printing technology with the use of ...

Prevention of malnutrition after one anastomosis gastric bypass: value of the common channel limb length

Hypoalbuminemia and anemia are commonly observed indications for one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) reversal and remain significant concerns following the procedure. Sufficient common channel limb length (C...

Change of cervical flexion range of motion influences postoperative sagittal alignment of the cervical spine after laminoplasty

The relationships between preoperative cervical spine range of motion (ROM) and postoperative cervical sagittal alignment (CSA), and clinical outcomes after laminoplasty (LMP) have been widely studied. However...

Bridge-layered decompression technique for vertebral artery-involved hemifacial spasm: technical note

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is most effectively treated with microvascular decompression (MVD). However, there are certain challenges in performing MVD for HFS when the vertebral artery (VA) is involved in compress...

Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications in elderly patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy under general anesthesia: a retrospective study

The objective of this study is to identify and evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing video-assisted thoracosco...

The interval between staged bilateral total knee arthroplasties does not affect early complications of the second knee or long-term function of the first and second knees

This study explored the optimal time interval between staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) to minimize early complications of the second TKA and maximise the long-term function of the first and seco...

Incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium following hepatic resection: a retrospective national inpatient sample database study

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication after major surgery and can cause a variety of adverse effects. However, no large-scale national database was used to assess the occurrence and factors ass...

The safety and short-term effect of mixed approach in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer compared with middle approach: a retrospective study

To investigate whether the mixed approach is a safe and advantageous way to operate laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.

Validity of endoscopic ossiculoplasty immediately after its introduction for ossicular chain disruption

Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) reportedly requires a long learning curve and may be associated with more complications and longer operative times than microscopic ear surgery (MES). In this study, we...

Precise planning based on 3D-printed dry-laboratory models can reduce perioperative complications of laparoscopic surgery for complex hepatobiliary diseases: a preoperative cohort study

Complications after laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) are important factors affecting the prognosis of patients, especially for complex hepatobiliary diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the value of...

One and five-year efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) abbrevo and TVT-obturator in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a retrospective study

Surgical interventions are more effective than nonsurgical approaches in providing a cure for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). In this study, we aimed to assess the benefits of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT...

Clinical observation of male bulbar urethral strictures resulting from straddle injuries associated with falling from heights and riding activities

To retrospectively investigate and analyze the characteristics of male bulbar urethral strictures or occlusions resulting from straddle injuries caused by falling from heights and riding activities.

Delayed gastric emptying after laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single-center experience of 827 cases

Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) commonly occurs after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Risk factors for DGE have been reported in open PD but are rarely reported in laparoscopic PD (LPD). This study was designed t...

Associated factors of mortality and morbidity in emergency and elective abdominal surgery: a two-year prospective cohort study at lacor hospital, Uganda

The mortality rate associated with open abdominal surgery is a significant concern for patients and healthcare providers. This is particularly worrisome in Africa due to scarce workforce resources and poor ear...

Machine learning-based prediction models affecting the recovery of postoperative bowel function for patients undergoing colorectal surgeries

The debate surrounding factors influencing postoperative flatus and defecation in patients undergoing colorectal resection prompted this study. Our objective was to identify independent risk factors and develo...

Predicting osteoporotic fractures post-vertebroplasty: a machine learning approach with a web-based calculator

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for predicting the risk of new osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) in patients who underwent percutaneous vertebro...

Short-term and long-term outcomes after robotic radical surgery for rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor

The optimal approach for ensuring both complete resection and preservation of anal function in rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify short-term and ...

Real-world efficacy of adjuvant therapy for totally resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients with pathological high-risk factors: propensity score analysis

We investigated the real-world efficacy of adjuvant therapy for stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients with pathological high-risk factors.

Microsurgical treatment of ophthalmic artery aneurysm, a case series of 55 patients with long-term follow-up

Ophthalmic artery aneurysm (OAA) can be secured in endovascular or microsurgical approaches. Still there are controversies in technique selection and their long term outcomes.

Laparoscopic-assisted microwave ablation in treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma: safety and efficacy in comparison with laparoscopic hepatectomy

Laparoscopic-assisted microwave ablation (LAMWA), as one of the locoregional therapies, has been employed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of LAMWA an...

Mid-term outcomes of laparoscopic vaginal stump-round (Kakinuma method) and stump-uterosacral (Shull method) ligament fixation for pelvic organ prolapse: A retrospective comparative study

Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) and robot-assisted sacrocolpopexy (RSC) using mesh are popular approaches for treating pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, it is not uncommon that native tissue repair (NTR)...

Abnormal coagulation after hepatectomy in patients with normal preoperative coagulation function

To explore the risk factors for postoperative abnormal coagulation (PAC) and establish a predictive model for patients with normal preoperative coagulation function who underwent hepatectomy.

The learning curve in endoscopic transsphenoidal skull-base surgery: a systematic review

The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) has revolutionized skull-base surgery; however, it is associated with a steep learning curve (LC), necessitating additional attention from surgeons to e...

Survival benefit of radical prostatectomy in patients with advanced TURP-diagnosed prostate cancer: a population-based real-world study

A considerable number of patients are diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). We aimed to evaluate whether radical prostatectomy (RP) brings survival benefits fo...

Factors influencing TSH suppression efficacy in postoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: a retrospective cohort study

While surgery plays a crucial role in treating papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the potential effects of subsequent TSH suppression therapy on prognosis should not be overlooked. This study aims to investiga...

Duhamel and transanal endorectal pull-throughs for Hirschsprung disease: a Bayesian network meta-analysis

To comprehensively compare the effects of open Duhamel (OD), laparoscopic-assisted Duhamel (LD), transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT), and laparoscopic-assisted endorectal pull-through (LEPT) in Hirschspru...

Long-term survival after hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases: a single-center study in Iran

Surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) has been associated with improved survival in these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of liver metastasectomy...

Stapled versus hand-sewn anastomoses after bowel resection in patients with crohn disease

Anastomosis configuration is an essential step in treatment to restore continuity of the gastrointestinal tract following bowel resection in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the association between...

Energy expenditure related biomarkers following bariatric surgery: a prospective six-month cohort study

Mitochondria dysfunction is one of the major causes of insulin resistance, and other countless complications of obesity. PGC-1α, and UCP-2 play key roles in energy expenditure regulation in the mitochondrial t...

Unveiling the hidden: identification and management of overlooked blood vessels in laparoscopic left hemicolectomy for splenic flexure cancer

During laparoscopic left hemicolectomy procedures, a previously overlooked consistently thick blood vessel within the gastrocolic ligament near the splenic hilum may contribute to post-operative bleeding compl...

Comparison of endoscopic thyroidectomy via the oral vestibule approach and the areola approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma

The endoscopic thyroidectomy areola approach (ETAA) has been widely applied for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but leaves scars and is not truly minimally invasive. The oral vestibular approach (ETOVA) lea...

Feasibility and efficacy of minimally invasive limited resection for primary duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a retrospective cohort study

The primary duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare type of gastrointestinal tract tumor. Limited resection (LR) has been increasingly performed for duodenal GIST. However, only a few studies ...

Does the coronoid fracture in terrible triad injury always need to be fixed?

The ideal treatment of terrble triad injuries and whether fixation of coronoid process fractures is needed or not are still debated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if terrible triad injuries necessitate co...

Incidentally found parotid gland lesion in 18 F-FDG PET/CT for staging evaluation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: remote possibility of metastatic tumor or second primary salivary gland malignancy

We primarily aimed to evaluate whether parotid incidental lesion (PIL) in 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) for staging evaluation of patients with hepatocel...

Modified Q-type purse-string suture duodenal stump embedding method for laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer

This study introduced the modified Q-type purse-string suture duodenal stump embedding method, a convenient way to strengthen the duodenum, and compared it to the conventional one to assess its efficacy and sa...

Efficacy and safety of fibrin sealant application in patients undergoing thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Various studies have focused on the application of fibrin sealants (FS) in thyroid surgery. Utilizing a meta-analysis, this systematic review analyzed the findings of recent randomized controlled trials on the...

Retrospective analysis of the incidence of appendiceal neoplasm and malignancy in patients treated for suspected acute appendicitis

Nonoperative management of uncomplicated appendicitis is currently being promoted as treatment option, albeit 0.7–2.5% of appendectomies performed due to suspected acute appendicitis show histologically malign...

Fully endoscopic approach for resection of brainstem cavernous malformations: a systematic review of the literature

Brainstem cavernous malformations (BCMs) are benign lesions that typically have an acute onset and are associated with a high rate of morbidity. The selection of the optimal surgical approach is crucial for ob...

Application and effect of tension-reducing suture in surgical treatment of hypertrophic scar

To investigate the application and effectiveness of tension-reducing suture in the repair of hypertrophic scars.

Application of pocket-first technique for implantation of totally implantable venous access ports

While vascular puncture is always performed before making port pocket in the implantation of totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAP), some surgeons preferred to make port pocket first. This study seeks...

Clinical application of indocyanine green fluorescence navigation technique in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for complex hepatolithiasis

This study investigated the clinical application of the indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation technique in bile duct identification during laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) for comple...

Prognostic value of combined psoas muscle mass and controlling nutritional status in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study

Pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely poor prognostic disease. Even though multidisciplinary treatment for PDAC has developed, supportive therapies, such as nutritional therapy or perioperative re...

Comparison of three frailty scales for prediction of prolonged postoperative ileus following major abdominal surgery in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study

To determine whether frailty can predict prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) in older abdominal surgical patients; and to compare predictive ability of the FRAIL scale, the five-point modified frailty index (...

Perioperative mortality rate and its predictors after emergency laparatomy at Debre Markos comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: 2023: retrospective follow-up study

Emergency laparatomy is abdominal surgery associated with a high rate of mortality. There are few reports on rates and predictors of postoperative mortality, whereas disease related or time specific studies ar...

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2022 Citation Impact 1.9 - 2-year Impact Factor 2.2 - 5-year Impact Factor 1.135 - SNIP (Source Normalized Impact per Paper) 0.502 - SJR (SCImago Journal Rank)

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The following represent additions to UpToDate from the past six months that were considered by the editors and authors to be of particular interest. The most recent What's New entries are at the top of each subsection.

AIRWAY MANAGEMENT

Obesity and increased risk of perioperative cardiac arrest (March 2024)

Obesity is a risk factor for difficulty with airway management and for rapid apneic oxygen desaturation during airway management. Both can result in hypoxic brain damage or death. In an analysis of causes of perioperative cardiac arrest reported to the Seventh National Audit Project (NAP7) in the United Kingdom, 35 percent of airway- and respiratory-related cardiac arrests occurred in patients with body mass index 35 to 50 kg/m 2 , while this cohort comprised only 12 percent of the survey population [ 1 ]. These findings reinforce the need to consider obesity when choosing general versus regional anesthesia and planning the airway management strategy. (See "Airway management for induction of general anesthesia", section on 'Obesity as a risk factor' .)

CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC ANESTHESIA

Moderate hypothermia during aortic arch surgery with antegrade cerebral perfusion (March 2024)

Observational data have supported a shift from deep to moderate hypothermia during circulatory arrest for aortic arch surgery, particularly with adjunctive antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP). A recent trial has now compared outcomes for 251 patients undergoing aortic arch surgery with ACP and randomly assigned to deep (≤20.0°C), low-moderate (20.1 to 24.0°C), or high-moderate (24.1 to 28.0°C) circulatory arrest temperature [ 2 ]. At one-month follow-up, the three groups had similar neurocognitive and neuroimaging outcomes and similar mortality, major morbidity, and quality of life. The volume of transfused blood products was higher in the deep group, but transfusion-related complications were not different. Based on this trial, moderate (20.1 to 28.0°C) rather than deep hypothermia is reasonable during aortic arch surgery when ACP is also used. Whether a low-moderate or high-moderate temperature is selected depends on the complexity of the arch intervention and the anticipated duration of hypothermia. (See "Overview of open surgical repair of the thoracic aorta", section on 'Hypothermic circulatory arrest' .)

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA

Labor epidural analgesia and risk of emergency delivery (December 2023)

It is well established that contemporary neuraxial labor analgesia does not increase the overall risk of cesarean or instrument-assisted vaginal delivery. However, a new retrospective database study of over 600,000 deliveries in the Netherlands reported that epidural labor analgesia was associated with an increased risk of emergency delivery (cesarean or instrument-assisted vaginal) compared with alternative analgesia (13 versus 7 percent) [ 3 ]. Because of potential confounders and lack of detail on epidural and obstetric management, we consider these data insufficient to avoid neuraxial analgesia or change the practice of early labor epidural placement to reduce the potential need for general anesthesia in patients at high risk for cesarean delivery. (See "Adverse effects of neuraxial analgesia and anesthesia for obstetrics", section on 'Effects on the progress and outcome of labor' .)

PATIENT SAFETY

Use of a formal handoff tool during intraoperative transfer of anesthetic care (March 2024)

Intraoperative handoffs of care from one anesthesia provider to another have been associated with adverse outcomes, possibly due to inadequate communication of clinical information. A retrospective study noted that an intraoperative handoff (defined as transfer of care lasting more than 35 minutes) occurred in 40 percent of approximately 120,000 noncardiac surgical cases performed from 2016 to 2021 [ 4 ]. Adverse outcomes (defined as a composite of postoperative mortality or major morbidity) occurred more often when a handoff occurred (7.2 versus 6.2 percent with no handoff). After implementation of a structured electronic handoff tool in 2019, a correlation over time was noted between increased handoff tool usage and decreased likelihood of the composite adverse outcome. We use a formal handoff protocol during all phases of perioperative care. (See "Handoffs of surgical patients", section on 'Use of a formal handoff procedure' .)

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

New guidelines for airway management in infants (January 2024)

Very young children are at higher risk of complications of airway management than children in older age groups; however, guidelines for infants have been lacking. In 2024, the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and the British Journal of Anesthesia published joint guidelines for airway management in neonates and infants [ 5 ]. A summary of their recommendations appears in the following table ( table 1 ). (See "Airway management for pediatric anesthesia", section on 'Pediatric airway management guidelines' .)

Videolaryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation in critically ill children (January 2024)

Use of videolaryngoscopy (VL) in children provides a shared view during emergency endotracheal intubation (ETI) that permits an experienced physician observer to give assistance to the proceduralist. In a multicenter quality study of VL during ETI in pediatric intensive care units with standardized coaching by an attending, over 3500 ETIs were performed with VL, and use of VL increased from 30 percent to 89 percent of ETIs over four years [ 6 ]. Compared with direct laryngoscopy, VL was associated with lower adverse events (9 versus 15 percent). The majority of proceduralists were residents or fellows. These findings and prior studies confirm the safety of VL during emergency ETI in children and demonstrate the value of standardized coaching during the procedure for less experienced clinicians. (See "Technique of emergency endotracheal intubation in children", section on 'Video versus direct laryngoscopy' .)

PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

Association of preoperative anemia with adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery (March 2024)

Studies continue to show a high rate of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and an association with adverse surgical outcomes. In a retrospective study of >4000 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, 30 percent had preoperative anemia, which was associated with dose-dependent increases in postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and longer hospital stay [ 7 ]. In a 2024 meta-analysis with nearly 160,000 patients who underwent cardiac surgery, 28 percent had preoperative anemia, which was associated with increased mortality, AKI, other morbidities, and longer hospital stay [ 8 ]. When feasible, we postpone major surgery in patients with anemia to diagnose the cause and provide treatment. (See "Perioperative blood management: Strategies to minimize transfusions", section on 'Treatment of anemia' .)

Postoperative noninvasive ventilation or high-flow nasal oxygen for patients with obesity (November 2023)

The optimal postoperative ventilatory strategy for patients with severe obesity has been unclear. In a 2023 network meta-analysis of randomized trials that compared various postoperative noninvasive ventilatory strategies in these patients, high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) reduced atelectasis; HFNO, BiPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduced postoperative pneumonia; and HFNO reduced length of stay compared with conventional oxygen therapy [ 9 ]. For patients with obesity who are hypoxic in the post-anesthesia care unit despite oxygen supplementation and incentive spirometry, we suggest a trial of HFNO, BiPAP, or CPAP prior to considering intubation. (See "Anesthesia for the patient with obesity", section on 'Post-anesthesia care unit management' .)

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA

Anti-factor Xa levels 24 hours after the last therapeutic enoxaparin dose (April 2024)

Guidelines recommend waiting 24 hours after a therapeutic dose of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) before performing neuraxial anesthesia, to minimize the risk of spinal epidural hematoma (SEH). However, anti-factor Xa levels (which test LMWH activity) may still be elevated 24 hours after the last dose. In a study of 103 patients taking therapeutic dose enoxaparin , 23 percent had an anti-factor Xa level ≥0.2 international units/mL at ≥24 hours after the last dose [ 10 ]. The implications of these findings are unclear, as a safe anti-factor Xa level for performing neuraxial procedures has not been determined and there has not been a noticeable increase in SEH in patients who have withheld LMWH according to current guidelines. (See "Neuraxial anesthesia/analgesia techniques in the patient receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication", section on 'Therapeutic LMWH' .)

SURGICAL CRITICAL CARE

Tranexamic acid for burn wound excision (November 2023)

Randomized trials have established that tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces blood loss and transfusion requirements in various surgical settings, but data in burn surgery are limited. In a meta-analysis of observational studies evaluating intravenous and topical TXA in burn surgery, use of TXA was associated with reductions in blood loss, use of intraoperative transfusion, and number of units transfused but no change in venous thromboembolism or mortality rates [ 11 ]. Based on this review and data from other surgical settings, we routinely administer intravenous TXA for burn wound excisions over 20 percent of total body surface area. (See "Overview of the management of the severely burned patient", section on 'Coagulopathy' .)

OTHER ANESTHESIA

Updated guideline on postoperative delirium in adults (February 2024)

The European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine has published an updated guideline on postoperative delirium (POD) [ 12 ]. Recommendations include preoperatively screening older adults for risk factors for POD and multicomponent nonpharmacological interventions for all patients with risk factors. In addition, review of recent evidence showed that perioperative use of dexmedetomidine was associated with a lower incidence of POD, particularly when administered postoperatively in the intensive care unit. We agree with the recommendations and often use dexmedetomidine in the perioperative period to reduce the incidence of POD in high-risk patients. (See "Perioperative neurocognitive disorders in adults: Risk factors and mitigation strategies", section on 'Intravenous agents associated with lower risk' .)

Supplemental neuraxial or regional analgesia and postoperative neurocognitive disorders (January 2024)

Supplementing general anesthesia with neuraxial or regional analgesic techniques reduced postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) and/or delirium in some studies, but results have been inconsistent. Differences in techniques and timing of analgesic administration, and confounding patient variables may explain the inconsistencies. In a meta-analysis of randomized trials of patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery under general or neuraxial anesthesia, supplemental postoperative neuraxial or regional analgesia (eg, epidural or peripheral or fascial plane block) reduced PND (both delirium and delayed neurocognitive recovery) in the first postoperative month compared with no supplemental analgesia [ 13 ]. Although supplemental analgesia may reduce PND, selection of anesthetic techniques is based primarily on other considerations. (See "Perioperative neurocognitive disorders in adults: Risk factors and mitigation strategies", section on 'Choice of anesthetic technique' .)

Thyroid hormone administration in deceased organ donors (December 2023)

Thyroid hormone administration has been a longstanding component of some organ procurement protocols due to concern that acute hypothyroidism might contribute to hemodynamic instability and left ventricular dysfunction, reducing heart and other organ procurement; however, evidence for the practice has been inconsistent. In a recent trial of 838 hemodynamically unstable, brain-dead donors assigned to receive a levothyroxine infusion or saline placebo, there was little to no difference in number of hearts transplanted or 30-day cardiac graft survival [ 14 ]. Recovery of other organs was similarly unaffected. More cases of severe hypertension or tachycardia occurred in the levothyroxine group than in the saline group. Based on these data, we suggest avoiding thyroid hormone administration in deceased organ donors. (See "Management of the deceased organ donor", section on 'Thyroid hormone' .)

• Cook TM, Oglesby F, Kane AD, et al. Airway and respiratory complications during anaesthesia and associated with peri-operative cardiac arrest as reported to the 7th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:368.
• Hughes GC, Chen EP, Browndyke JN, et al. Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest Trial (GOT ICE): A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Outcomes After Aortic Arch Surgery. Circulation 2024; 149:658.
• Damhuis SE, Groen H, Thilaganathan B, et al. Effect of intrapartum epidural analgesia on rate of emergency delivery for presumed fetal compromise: nationwide registry-based cohort study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:668.
• Saha AK, Segal S. A Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Adverse Effects of Transitions of Anesthesia Care on Postoperative Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:387.
• Disma N, Asai T, Cools E, et al. Airway management in neonates and infants: European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and British Journal of Anaesthesia joint guidelines. Br J Anaesth 2024; 132:124.
• Giuliano J Jr, Krishna A, Napolitano N, et al. Implementation of Video Laryngoscope-Assisted Coaching Reduces Adverse Tracheal Intubation-Associated Events in the PICU. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:936.
• Warner MA, Hanson AC, Schulte PJ, et al. Preoperative Anemia and Postoperative Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery: A Mediation Analysis Evaluating Intraoperative Transfusion Exposures. Anesth Analg 2024; 138:728.
• Lau MPXL, Low CJW, Ling RR, et al. Preoperative anemia and anemia treatment in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:127.
• Li R, Liu L, Wei K, et al. Effect of noninvasive respiratory support after extubation on postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth 2023; 91:111280.
• Henshaw DS, Edwards CJ, Dobson SW, et al. Evaluating residual anti-Xa levels following discontinuation of treatment-dose enoxaparin in patients presenting for elective surgery: a prospective observational trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024; 49:94.
• Fijany AJ, Givechian KB, Zago I, et al. Tranexamic acid in burn surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burns 2023; 49:1249.
• Aldecoa C, Bettelli G, Bilotta F, et al. Update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium in adult patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2024; 41:81.
• Singh NP, Makkar JK, Borle A, Singh PM. Role of supplemental regional blocks on postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction after major non-cardiac surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2024; 49:49.
• Dhar R, Marklin GF, Klinkenberg WD, et al. Intravenous Levothyroxine for Unstable Brain-Dead Heart Donors. N Engl J Med 2023; 389:2029.

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Efficacy of bougie first approach for endotracheal intubation with video laryngoscopy during continuous chest compression: a randomized crossover manikin trial

Endotracheal intubation is challenging during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and video laryngoscopy has showed benefits for this procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various int...

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Ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum block versus interlaminar epidural block for analgesia in pediatric abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Although the efficacy and safety of epidural block (EB) are fairly high, complications such as inadvertent dural puncture may limit its use. Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is a relatively new...

Efficacy and safety of video double-lumen tube intubation in lateral position in patients undergoing thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Video double-lumen tube (VDLT) intubation in lateral position is a potential alternative to intubation in supine position in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This non-inferiority trial assessed the effica...

Mortality and cardiac arrest rates of emergency surgery in developed and developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The magnitude of the risk of death and cardiac arrest associated with emergency surgery and anesthesia is not well understood. Our aim was to assess whether the risk of perioperative and anesthesia-related dea...

The effect of deep and awake extubation on emergence agitation after nasal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Post-anesthetic emergence agitation is common after general anesthesia and may cause adverse consequences, such as injury as well as respiratory and circulatory complications. Emergence agitation after general...

Association between mechanical power during one-lung ventilation and pulmonary complications after thoracoscopic lung resection surgery: a prospective observational study

The role of mechanical power on pulmonary outcomes after thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation was unclear. We investigated the association between mechanical power and postoperative pulmonary complicatio...

Establishment and validation of a predictive model for tracheotomy in critically ill patients and analysis of the impact of different tracheotomy timing on patient prognosis

In critically ill patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), it is unable to determine early which patients require tracheotomy and whether early tracheotomy is beneficial.

The 90% effective dose (ED90) of remimazolam for inhibiting responses to the insertion of a duodenoscope during ERCP

Compared to midazolam, remimazolam has a faster onset and offset of hypnotic effect, as well as cardiorespiratory stability, this study aims to determine the 90% effective dose (ED90) of remimazolam to inhibit...

Anaesthesia management of a patient with Bethlem Myopathy for elective tonsillectomy: a case report

Bethlem Myopathy is a collagen VI-related myopathy presenting as a rare hereditary muscular disorder with progressive muscular weakness and joint contractures. Despite its milder clinical course relative to ot...

Effects of perioperative low-dose naloxone on the immune system in patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial

Low immune function after laparoscopic total gastrectomy puts patients at risk of infection-related complications. Low-dose naloxone (LDN) can improve the prognosis of patients suffering from chronic inflammat...

Indirect calorimetry directed feeding and cycling in the older ICU population: a pilot randomised controlled trial

Older critically ill patients experience rapid muscle loss during stay in an intensive care unit (ICU) due to physiological stress and increased catabolism. This may lead to increased ICU length of stay, delay...

Effect of lidocaine on intraoperative blood pressure variability in patients undergoing major vascular surgery

Dynamic fluctuations of arterial blood pressure known as blood pressure variability (BPV) may have short and long-term undesirable consequences. During surgical procedures blood pressure is usually measured in...

Anesthetic management for cesarean section in two parturient with ascending aortic aneurysm: a case-based discussion

The anesthetic management of parturients with ascending aortic aneurysm for cesarean section can be particularly challenging, primarily because of increased risk for aortic dissection or aneurysm rupture.

Remote ischemic conditioning may improve graft function following kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has the potential to benefit graft function following kidney transplantation by reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, the current clinical evidence is inconclusive. ...

Substance specific EEG patterns in mice undergoing slow anesthesia induction

The exact mechanisms and the neural circuits involved in anesthesia induced unconsciousness are still not fully understood. To elucidate them valid animal models are necessary. Since the most commonly used spe...

Airway management and pulmonary aspiration during surgical interventions in pregnant women in the 2nd/3rd trimester and immediate postpartum – a retrospective study in a tertiary care university hospital

Pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration during general anaesthesia, but the incidence of this complication is not well defined.

My anesthesia Choice-HF: development and preliminary testing of a tool to facilitate conversations about anesthesia for hip fracture surgery

Patients often desire involvement in anesthesia decisions, yet clinicians rarely explain anesthesia options or elicit preferences. We developed My Anesthesia Choice-Hip Fracture, a conversation aid about anest...

Role of preoperative zinc, magnesium and budesonide gargles in Postoperative Sore Throat (POST) - a randomised control trial

Post-operative sore throat (POST) has an incidence ranging from 21 to 80%. To prevent the development of POST, several pharmacological measures have been tried. Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of...

Effect of intravenous anesthetic drugs on fertilization rate in oocyte retrieval

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous anesthetic drugs on fertilization rate in subjects receiving oocyte retrieval by assisted reproduction technology (ART).

Lidocaine effects on neutrophil extracellular trapping and angiogenesis biomarkers in postoperative breast cancer patients with different anesthesia methods: a prospective, randomized trial

Anesthesia techniques and drug selection may influence tumor recurrence and metastasis. Neutrophil extracellular trapping (NETosis), an immunological process, has been linked to an increased susceptibility to ...

Predictive value of S100B and brain derived neurotrophic factor for radiofrequency treatment of lumbar disc prolapse

This work aimed to analyze serum S100B levels and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with lumbar disc prolapse to test their predictive values concerning the therapeutic efficacy of pulsed ra...

Correction: Evaluation the quality of bag-mask ventilation by E/C, T/E and hook technique (a new proposed technique)

The original article was published in BMC Anesthesiology 2023 23 :384

Continuous serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block for postoperative analgesia management in the patient who underwent right atrial mass excision: a case report

Serratus posterior intercostal plane block (SPSIPB) is a novel periparavertebral block. It provides anterolateral posterior chest wall analgesia. It is an interfascial plane block, performed under ultrasound g...

Impact of sarcopenia in elderly patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty on postoperative outcomes: a propensity score-matched study

Frailty poses a crucial risk for postoperative complications in the elderly, with sarcopenia being a key component. The impact of sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is stil...

Determinants of difficult laryngoscopy based on upper airway indicators: a prospective observational study

The main cause of anesthesia-related deaths is the failure to manage difficult airways. Difficult laryngoscopic exposure is a major cause of unsuccessful management of difficult airways. Inadequate preoperativ...

Erector spinae plane block did not improve postoperative pain-related outcomes and recovery after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery : a randomised controlled double-blinded multi-center trial

There is a sizable niche for a minimally invasive analgesic technique that could facilitate ambulatory video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Our study aimed to determine the analgesic potential of a sin...

Optimizing nicardipine dosage for effective control of pituitrin-induced hypertension in laparoscopic myomectomy undergoing total intravenous anesthesia

This study aimed to determine the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% effective dose (ED95) of nicardipine for treating pituitrin-induced hypertension during laparoscopic myomectomy, providing guidance for th...

Perioperative serum syndecan-1 concentrations in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and its association with the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury: a retrospective observational study

Various factors can cause vascular endothelial damage during cardiovascular surgery (CVS) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which has been suggested to be associated with postoperative complications. However,...

Regional analgesia using ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block versus cervical erector spinae block for anterior cervical spine surgery: a randomized trial

Regional analgesia techniques are crucial for pain management after cervical spine surgeries. Anesthesiologists strive to select the most effective and least hazardous regional analgesia technique for the cerv...

Comparison of bicarbonate Ringer’s solution with lactated Ringer’s solution among postoperative outcomes in patients with laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy: a single-centre randomised controlled trial

The study was aimed to investigate the positive impact of bicarbonate Ringer’s solution on postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy. Patients in the two groups were i...

Effect of converting from propofol to remimazolam with flumazenil reversal on recovery from anesthesia in outpatients with mental disabilities: a randomized controlled trial

General anesthesia is often necessary for dental treatment of outpatients with mental disabilities. Rapid recovery and effective management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are critical for outpatie...

Double lumen endobronchial tube intubation: lessons learned from anatomy

Double lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs) are frequently used to employ single lung ventilation strategies during thoracic surgical procedures. Placement of these tubes can be challenging even for experienced cl...

50% efficacy dose of intravenous lidocaine in supressing sufentanil-induced cough in children: a randomised controlled trial

Opioids such as sufentanil are used as anaesthetics due to their rapid action and superior analgesic effect. However, sufentanil induces a huge cough in paediatric patients. In contrast, intravenous (IV) lidoc...

Profound hypoxemia and hypotension during posterior spinal fusion in a spinal muscular atrophy child with severe scoliosis: a case report

Anesthesia for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients undergoing spinal deformity surgery is challenging. We report an unusual case of an SMA girl who developed severe intraoperative hypoxemia and hypotension ...

Application of propofol-remifentanil intravenous general anesthesia combined with regional block in pediatric ophthalmic surgery

The aim of this study is to observe the anesthetic effect and safety of intravenous anesthesia without muscle relaxant with propofol-remifentanil combined with regional block under laryngeal mask airway in ped...

Continuation of chronic antiplatelet therapy is not associated with increased need for transfusions: a cohort study in critically ill septic patients

The decision to maintain or halt antiplatelet medication in septic patients admitted to intensive care units presents a clinical dilemma. This is due to the necessity to balance the benefits of preventing thro...

The potentiating effect of intravenous dexamethasone upon preemptive pudendal block analgesia for hypospadias surgery in children managed with Snodgrass technique: a randomized controlled study

Evidence regarding the potentiating effects of intravenous dexamethasone on peripheral regional anesthesia in children is sparse. The objective of the current study was to investigate the potentiating effect o...

The efficacy and safety of perioperative glucocorticoid for total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

An increasing number of individuals undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which can result in pain, limited motor function and adverse complications such as infection, nausea and vomiting. Glucocorticoids hav...

Anesthesia management for a child with the Koolen-de Vries syndrome: a case report

The Koolen-de Vries syndrome (KdVS) is a relatively new rare disease caused by micro-deletion of 17q21.31 which was first reported by Koolen in 2006. Typical phenotypes for KdVS include hypotonia, developmenta...

A novel combined approach to placement of a double lumen endobronchial tube using a video laryngoscope and fiberoptic bronchoscope: a retrospective chart review

The objective of this study was to evaluate a modern combined video laryngoscopy and flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope approach to placement of a double lumen endobronchial tube and further characterize potenti...

Retraction Note: Dose selection of central or peripheral administration of sufentanil affect opioid induced cough?: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-024-02522-9.

One-year survival of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage after airplane transatlantic transfer – a monocenter retrospective study

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is preferentially treated by prompt endovascular coiling, which is not available in Guadeloupe. Subsequently, patients are transferred to Paris, France mainland, by co...

Association between serum calcium and prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke in ICU: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database

While serum Ca has proven to be a reliable predictor of mortality across various diseases, its connection with the clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke (IS) remains inconclusive. Our research aimed to explore ...

Effect of subclavian vein diameter combined with perioperative fluid therapy on preventing post-induction hypotension in patients with ASA status I or II

Perioperative hypotension is frequently observed following the initiation of general anesthesia administration, often associated with adverse outcomes. This study assessed the effect of subclavian vein (SCV) d...

Ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block benefits the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial

With the increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC), optimizing perioperative management is of paramount importance. This study investigates the potential of stellate ganglion block (SGB), known for its ...

Machine learning approach for predicting post-intubation hemodynamic instability (PIHI) index values: towards enhanced perioperative anesthesia quality and safety

Adequate preoperative evaluation of the post-intubation hemodynamic instability (PIHI) is crucial for accurate risk assessment and efficient anesthesia management. However, the incorporation of this evaluation...

Timing of early water intake post-general anaesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Early water intake has gained widespread attention considering enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). In the present systematic evaluation and meta-analysis, we assessed the effects of early water intake on t...

Effect of epidural dexmedetomidine in single-dose combined with ropivacaine for cesarean section

Dexmedetomidine has arousal sedation and analgesic effects. We hypothesize that epidural dexmedetomidine in single-dose combined with ropivacaine improves the experience of parturient undergoing cesarean secti...

Laparoscopic assisted versus ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block in laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) guided by laparoscopy and ultrasound showed promise in enhancing the multimodal analgesic approach following several abdominal procedures. This study aimed to compare t...

Super-refractory status epilepticus, rhabdomyolysis, central hyperthermia and cardiomyopathy attributable to spinal anesthesia: a case report and review of literature

There are only six past reports of super-refractory status epilepticus induced by spinal anesthesia. None of those patients have died. Only < 15 mg of bupivacaine was administered to all six of them and to our...

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Thesis Topics For General Surgery

General Surgery is a speciality that diagnoses, treats and cares for patients with various surgical conditions. This article discusses thesis topics for general Surgery for postgraduate students.

The general surgeon performs a wide range of surgical procedures, including abdominal, thoracic, vascular, and reconstructive Surgery.

List of the Best Thesis topics for General Surgery

General Surgery is a highly complex field with many topics to explore. Thesis topics in general Surgery can range from basic research on surgical techniques and procedures to more advanced topics such as robotics and artificial intelligence in Surgery.

Following are some potential dissertation topics for postgraduate students in Surgery:

A Study Of Minimally Invasive Surgery Procedures For The Treatment Of Gastrointestinal Disorders.

This study aims to determine the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive surgeries for treating gastrointestinal conditions.

The study will include a review of existing literature on the topic. In addition, it will examine the outcomes of different minimally invasive procedures, such as endoscopic and laparoscopic Surgery, in treating gastrointestinal disorders.

The cost-effectiveness of these approaches compared to more conventional surgical techniques will also be examined, as well as their potential to shorten postoperative recovery durations.

The study will assess additional possible dangers connected to minimally invasive treatments, such as infection or difficulties brought on by the practitioner’s inexperience.

The study will also examine how these operations affect patients’ happiness and quality of life.

Also Read: Thesis Topics In Obstetrics And Gynecology In AIIMS

Role Of VATS (Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery) In The Management Of Mediastinal Tumors.

The use of VATS (Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery) as a less invasive method to treat mediastinal malignancies has grown in popularity. Compared to a conventional open thoracotomy, it has various benefits, including better mediastinum visualization, smaller incisions, shorter hospital stays, and fewer problems.

VATS has been successfully used to diagnose, stage, and treat mediastinal tumours, including thymus, lymph nodes, and chest wall. It is also used to perform biopsies of mediastinal masses and resection tumours.

In conclusion, VATS has become an important tool in managing mediastinal tumours, providing improved visualization and accuracy of diagnosis and reducing complications and postoperative pain.

Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy On Coagulation Profile Of Patients With Breast Cancer.

According to studies, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can significantly alter the coagulation profile of breast cancer patients. Patients using NAC may specifically notice a decline in platelet count, haemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit levels.

In addition, clotting factors like fibrinogen, factor V, and prothrombin may decrease as a result of NAC. Additionally, procoagulant proteins such as factor VII, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor can increase as a result of NAC.

A Systematic Review Of The Role Of Telemedicine In General Surgery

A rapidly developing area of medical practice called telemedicine enables doctors to treat patients remotely using tools like video conferencing, remote monitoring, and electronic medical records. The medical speciality of general Surgery includes both invasive and non-invasive procedures.

Understanding telemedicine’s function in general Surgery is crucial, given its potential to increase access to treatment, lower costs, and boost the quality of care. Therefore, this systematic review’s objective was to find studies that assessed the place of telemedicine in general Surgery.

The Role Of Non-Acid Reflux In Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease

Non-acid reflux plays an important role in developing gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). GORD is a disorder in which stomach contents, including acid and bile, travel back up into the esophagus and can cause irritation and damage to the lining of the oesophagus.

GORD can also be exacerbated by non-acid reflux, which includes the backflow of stomach substances, including pepsin, bile, and airborne allergens. Even when the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES) is working adequately, non-acid reflux can still happen and is regarded to be more harmful to the oesophageal lining than acid reflux.

Non-acid reflux is regarded to be more challenging to diagnose and treat than acid reflux and has been related to an increased risk of oesophageal cancer. Treatment for non-acid reflux usually entails lifestyle changes, such as avoiding specific activities, cutting out particular meals and drinks, raising the head of the bed, and taking over-the-counter drugs.

An Analysis Of Robotic-Assisted Surgery Outcomes In The Treatment Of Cancer

In recent years, various forms of cancer have become more and more popular candidates for robotic-assisted Surgery. Compared to typical open Surgery, this type of Surgery has several advantages, including being frequently less intrusive, providing more precision, and producing quicker recovery times. Understanding the results of robotically assisted Surgery when used to treat cancer is the aim of this analysis.

To begin, a literature review was conducted to identify studies that evaluated the outcomes of robotic-assisted Surgery when used to treat cancer. A total of eleven studies were identified, all of which were conducted between 2007 and 2020. Each study was analyzed to assess the outcomes of robotic-assisted Surgery for cancer treatment.

Overall, the research findings imply that robotic Surgery may successfully treat some malignancies. The trials revealed that for several cancer types, such as colon, prostate, and bladder tumours, robotic-assisted Surgery had equivalent or better results than conventional open Surgery.

A Comparative Analysis Of Laparoscopic And Open Surgery In The Treatment Of Appendicitis

Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from appendicitis, a potentially fatal inflammatory illness of the vermiform appendix. The preferred course of treatment for this illness is appendix removal surgery. This has traditionally been accomplished through open Surgery. However, laparoscopic Surgery has grown in popularity during the past several years.

In open Surgery, the appendix is manually removed through an incision in the abdominal wall. The advantages of this approach include a shorter operative time, a lower risk of postoperative complications, and a lower risk of recurrence.

However, open Surgery also has some downsides. It is associated with a higher risk of infection, more pain and discomfort during recovery, and a longer recovery time.

An Observational Study Of Chest Trauma

In the US, chest trauma is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. This study intends to look into the clinical traits, consequences, and epidemiology of chest trauma in a sizable community-based population.

Retrospective chart reviews of patients admitted to a community hospital with chest trauma over three years will be used to gather data. In addition, records will be kept on the patient’s clinical characteristics, results, and demographic data.

Mortality will be the main outcome indicator. The length of the stay, the complication rates, and the functional status upon discharge will be used as secondary outcome measures. This study’s findings will be used in clinical practice to direct care of chest damage patients and pinpoint areas that require improvement.

Evaluation Of The Role Of Cyanoacrylate Glue In The Management Of Fistula In Ano

Using cyanoacrylate glue as a treatment for anus fistulas has shown encouraging results. According to studies, using this adhesive may speed up healing while also reducing the amount of time a fistula takes to repair. This adhesive has been proven effective when conventional medical care has been ineffective or unavailable.

The fistula site is treated topically with cyanoacrylate glue, which is then given time to dry. According to popular belief, the glue secures the fistula and prevents the contents from seeping out again. This may lessen infection and inflammation.

A Clinical Study Of Pancreatitis Due To Gall Stone Disease

Gallstone disease is a condition when the gallbladder or bile ducts get blocked with gallstones. These gallstones may result in pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreatitis symptoms include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever.

The most common course of action for treating pancreatitis brought on by gallstone disease is Surgery to remove the gallstones and antibiotics to treat any infection. The use of medicines to dissolve gallstones is occasionally possible. The gallstones must be surgically removed if they are too big to disintegrate.

A Clinical Study Of Post Operative Complications Of Thyroidectomy

Postoperative complications of thyroidectomy can include bleeding, infection, hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, and recurrent laryngeal nerve damage. Other rare complications include airway obstruction, vocal cord paralysis, and damage to the parathyroid glands. Also:

Bleeding: Bleeding is the most common complication of thyroidectomy, which can be caused by damage to adjacent vessels.

Infection: Infection is usually caused by bacteria in the surgical site.

Hypocalcemia: Hypocalcemia is a decrease in the concentration of calcium in the blood, which can occur due to damage to the parathyroid glands during the procedure.

Hypoparathyroidism: Hypoparathyroidism is a decrease in parathyroid hormone production, which can lead to a decrease in calcium levels in the blood.

A Clinical Study Of Various Prognosis Factors For Better Management Of Diabetic Foot

A typical side effect of diabetes is diabetic foot, which is brought on by peripheral neuropathy, poor blood flow, and infection that can result in foot ulcers. The severity of the disease, the patient’s age, the existence of underlying disorders, the standard of medical care, lifestyle factors, and the patient’s general state of health are only a few of the variables that affect the diabetic foot prognosis.

This clinical trial aims to assess the many prognostic characteristics that might be connected to better diabetic foot treatment. Retrospective analysis of patient medical records with the diabetic foot will be part of the study, which will also evaluate the relationship between numerous prognostic indicators and more effective disease management.

For the creation of specialized treatment regimens for people with diabetic feet, the study’s findings will be a vital source of knowledge.

Themes of these thesis topics for general Surgery span from the practical to the theoretical. Research on novel surgical techniques, the creation of medical devices, and clinical trials are examples of practical themes.

Theoretical subjects could investigate new developments in surgical practice, relevant moral and legal concerns, or the social and cultural effects of Surgery. The thesis should examine a significant and pertinent problem in the field of General Surgery.

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Thesis Topics for MS Surgery ( selected ) AIIMS

• Diffuse Dermal Angiomatosis of the Breast

Diffuse dermal angiomatosis is rare and usually considered a variant of reactive angioendotheliomatosis. It generally involves the extremities of patients with severe vascular disease and other comorbidities. Two patients with… Continue reading Diffuse Dermal Angiomatosis of the Breast

• Targeted therapy

Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that works differently to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy attacks all rapidly dividing cells in the body, but targeted therapy works by “targeting” those differences that… Continue reading Targeted therapy

• Cancer treatment centres in Nepal

1.   B. P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH): BPKMCH is the first tertiary level cancer hospital in Nepal, which provides all types of cancer treatment services, such as surgical oncology,… Continue reading Cancer treatment centres in Nepal

Treatment of breast cancer

Treatments are less invasive when breast cancer is detected at an early stage. Challenges for breast cancer treatment in Nepal include patient’s financial status (given the huge out-of-pocket expenditure), accessibility… Continue reading Treatment of breast cancer

Disclaimer Articles, videos, online books, pictures,online videos, Exam Information, MCQs and Related topics in this medicospase is entirely intended  for study and general information purpose . Medicine and its updates… Continue reading Disclaimer

Hearing Loss. Save

Hearing is a gift.hearing is the ability to be able to listen to the external sounds. Hearing loss or hearing impairment is the reduced ability to listen to external sounds.… Continue reading Hearing Loss. Save

Oncotype Dx – Predicts how likely6 cancer comes back or not.

The test gives a score, known as a Recurrence Score, from 0 to 100. 

The higher the score, the more likely breast cancer is to come back and the more likely you are to benefit from having chemotherapy as well as hormone therapy. 

Your specialist will use the score, along with other information about your breast cancer, to help decide whether chemotherapy would benefit you.5… Continue reading Oncotype Dx – Predicts how likely6 cancer comes back or not.

Jaundice – Pathophysiology

Jaundice aundice results from high levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is the normal breakdown product from the catabolism of haem, and thus is formed from the destruction of red blood cells. Under normal… Continue reading Jaundice – Pathophysiology

Thesis Topics for MS – Surgery ( selected ) AIIMS

• Accuracy of Sentinel node biopsy in predicting axillary nodal status following neo adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Co -Guide.
• Role of in vitro MR spectroscopy in evaluation of lymph nodes in patients with lymphadenopathy. Co-Guide.
• Effect of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density after renal transplantation as assessed by bone mineral densitometry
• Evaluation of Feasibility and Performance of Minimally invasive Radioguided Parathyroidectomy in Established Cases of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
• Evaluation of the role of Pneumatic Compression Pump in the management of Post-Mastectomy Lymphedema
• Factors affecting incidence of early postoperative complications
• Three port vs. four ports laparoscopic cholecystectomy- A prospective randomized controlled study
• Focused abdominal sonography in trauma (FAST) in patients with blunt trauma abdomen- A prospective study
• Post cholecystectomy symptoms following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
• Ambulatory Laparoscopic hernia repair: A feasibility study
• Evaluation of early outcomes and quality of life after day care conventional inguinal hernia repair
• Role of centchroman in management of mastalgia and fibroadenoma” – a randomized study
• Relationship of Serum TSH with Thyroid Vascularity assessed at operation.
• Advanced Sentinel lymph Node evaluation in breast and head and neck cancers.
• To study the burden of post – operative surgical site infections in clean and clean contaminated operations.
• To evaluate the role of intra – abdominal pressure as a predictor of abdominal wound dehiscence.
• Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors in renal transplant recipients
• CMV disease in transplantation (Microbiology)
• Total extra peritoneal hernia repair comparison of space creation by direct telescope vs. balloon dissection- A randomized controlled study
• Standardized mesh repair for inguinal hernia- A pilot study
• To study the feasibility of fast track thyroidectomy
• Post operative surgical site infection in clean and clean contaminated operations
• B hCG expression inpatients with benign and malignant breast diseases
• Prospective Study to evaluate the role of Helicobacter pylori in benign and malignant hepatobiliary disease
• “Mammotome guided biopsy for indeterminate breast lesions following fine needle aspiration cytology
• Radical duct excision for nipple discharge (benign breast disease) – its long term follow up.
• Role of Centchroman in regression of Mastalgia and regression of Fibroadenoma and its correlation to histopathology and estrogen and progesterone receptor.
• Safety and efficacy of autologous stem cells in prevention of amputation in patients with chronic critical limb: a randomized multi-centric study.
• Standardized open mesh repair for primary inguinal hernia – A Pilot Study.
• Role of FDG PET-CT in evaluation of axillary lymph node involvement   in T1 T2 N0 M0 breast cancer in comparison with Sentinel node Biopsy.
• “Evaluation of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer” in collaboration with Department of Radiotherapy, Radiology & Pathology.
• “Sentinel lymph node biopsy for locally advanced breast carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy” in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pathology, and Radiotherapy.

3. Characterization of thymoma using F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET – CT) and its     correlation with histopathology in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine & Pathology. 4. Evaluation of patients with primary mediastinal lymphadenopathy using FDG-PET-CT scan and its correlation with    histopathology – A prospective study in collaboration with Medicine, Nuclear Medicine & pathology. 5. Clinical co-relation of ER, PR, HER2 neu expression and BRCA1 gene mutations in Indian breast cancer patients.

Collaborative Research (Ongoing)   1. Quality of life of live related donors ( Nephrology) 2. Molecular typing and detection of Mupirocin and Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus ( Microbiology) 3. Cytokine Gene Polymorphismin Renal Transplant Patients (Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics) 4. Outcome after laparoscopic cardiomyotomy – early and late” in collaboration with Department of     Gastroenterology. 5.  Efficacy and feasibility of regional anaesthesia compared to general anaesthesia for totally extraperitoneal      laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in collaboration with Department of Anaesthesiology. 6. “Breast cancer: local tumour staging by MRI and its impact on therapeutic approach” in collaboration with      Department of Radiodiagnosis & Pathology. 7. “Evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with early breast cancer using PET scan in collaboration with      Department of Endocrinology, Pathology and Nuclear Medicine 8. Characterization of thymoma using F18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET – CT) and its    correlation with histopathology in collaboration with Department of Nuclear Medicine & Pathology. 9. Evaluation of patients with primary mediastinal lymphadenopathy using FDG-PET-CT scan and its correlation with    histopathology – A prospective study in collaboration with Medicine, Nuclear Medicine & pathology.

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Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Insititute

Shri sathya sai medical college and research institute, a unit of sri balaji vidyapeeth (deemed to be university), accredited by naac with highest a++ grade, ranked 77 among universities by nirf 2023, a ugc category 1 higher education institution, general surgery, research focus.

All faculty and PGs are encouraged to publish all interesting case reports regularly.

Faculties are involved in active original research and necessary support is provided at the departmental and institutional level.

 All PG thesis projects have been selected and assigned keeping in mind the areas of societal importance. All thesis projects will be published before they attend their final exams.  

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

• Comparative Study between Two Triple-therapy Regimens in Treating Helicobacter pylori: Related Peptic Ulcer Disease , JBCAHS Gokul D Yatheendranathan1, Sudhakar Ankaiya2, J Lalith Kumar3
• Management of chronic anal fissures: a narrative review. Sritharan H, Kumar NKA, Ibrahim MIS. Int Surg J 2020;7:1327-31.
• Single centre randomized comparative trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy versus 2% diltiazem in chronic anal fissure.  Sritharan H, Kumar NKA, Mohamed ISIMS. Int Surg J 2020;7:
• A study on microbiology culture of acute appendicectomy specimen and its correlation with wound infection. Parthiban N, Harish M. Int Surg J 2017;4:2212-5.
• Rectal prolapse: A Case series Analysis. MJ KS Ravishankar, Aravind, Sasikumar Pattambi , Gokul D Yatheendranathan* , Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (4) 2015
• Abdominal Tuberculosis: A Case of 42 Patients, RA Magesh Kumar j*, KS Ravishankar, Gokul D Yatheendranathan, Srivatsan., Research Journal of Pharmaceutical,Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (6) 2015
• A Clinical Study of Right Iliac FOSSA MASS, Dr.K Vani1 , Dr.Amanulla Shaik2 , Dr.C Yellappa3 ,Dr.M Harish4, IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 17, Issue 4 Ver. 4 (April. 2018), PP 55-59 www.iosrjournals.org . 
• Study of surgicalManagement And Outcome Of Small Bowel Peroration. S Mohamed Arsath, Mamilla Harish. MedPulse International Journal of Surgery. December 2019; 12(3): 113-115.
• Helicobacter pylori colonization of gallbladder in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis., Gunasekaran P, Vinson I. Int Surg J 2017;4:2194-6. 
• Outcome Prediction in Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcer By The Peptic Ulcer Perforation (Pulp) Score. Dr. A. Afee Asma, Dr.S.Thirunavukkarasu,Dr. Pradeep Dhanasekar
• Effects of early enteral nutrition on patients after emergency and elective gastro-intestinal surgery. D.Dorai1*, J.Lalith Kumar2, T.Chitra 1, G.Prasanna3
• An Unusual and rare presentation of extra pulmonary Tuberculosis P Darwin, GD Yatheendranathan, PJD Mathan, Prakar, RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES 7(2) 2016
• Incidental Retroperitoneal Ancient Schwannoma, GDY KS Ravishankar, Sasikumar Pattmabi, Suresh Babu, Srinath G, Research Journal of Pharmaceutical ,Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (5…
• Blunt Injury Abdomen : A Late Presentation, MP Darwin P, Gokul D Yatheendranathan*,Pon Jeeva Mathan D, Research Journal of Pharmaceutical,Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (5…
• A Rare Case of Benign Cystic Peritoneal Mesothelium, KS Ravishankar, R.Kannan, SrivatsanGurumoorthy, Gokul D Yatheendranathan*, and Rajesh Gandhi, Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (5),8-11 2015
• An interesting Right Iliac Fossa Mass, PD KS Ravishankar, Gopi Saravanan, CT Karthikeyan, Gokul D Yatheendranathan*, Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (4) 2015
• A Rare case of Intestinal Obstruction, JSSR Yogeshwaran, Sasikuamr Pattambi, Suresh Babu, Praveen Kumar, Gokul D, Research  Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (2) 2015
• Multi-Organ Research for A Case of Locally Advanced Carcinoma Rectum. JS Yogeshwaran, Sasikumar Pattambi, KS Ravishankar, Suresh Babu, Praveen., Research Journal of Pharmacutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6 (2) 2015
• Inherited Marfan Syndrome , AS T Vidhya, Gokul D Yatheendranthan*, M Divya, S Raashida, Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 5 (5) 2014
• An Interesting case of intestinal obstruction due to malrotation of midgut and Transmesenteric internal hernia , DC and GDY DR.SASIKUMAR PATTAMBI,*SURESHBABU.P, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 5(4),90-93,2014
• An Innovative and Cost-Effective Management of a Large De-Gloving Injury Using Sub Atmospheric Pressure Dressing and Split Skin Grafting, KSR Gokul D Yatheendranthan*, Sasikumar Pattambi, Suresh Babu, Candy. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 5 (6…
• Systematic review of laparosocopic  surgery and simulation based training, WJOLS, Juan U , Jawahar Krishnaswamy, vinodBalaji,khalilur Rahman, Samson ravi, A rare case of Superficial acral fibromyxoma, International surgery journal.Feb 2017.Volume 4,Issue 2.
• A rare case of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with thrombosed venous mass, Marunraj G.1*, Vinod Balaji2, G.Thulasikumar3, R. Anusha4 International Surgery Journal MarunrajG,et al Int Surg J.2015 Aug;2(3);437-440 http://www.ijsurgery.com pISSN 2349-3305 | elSSN 2349-2902
• A Rare case of Kimuras disease presenting as a posterior auricular swelling, International Journal of Recennt Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN 2249-8109, Volume 16,Issue 1,2015 pp 42-44 S Deivanayagam, Vinod Balaji, Jawahar, Yeshwanth Kumar
• Somatic Soft Tissue Origin In The Leg – A Case Report International Journal of Recent TrendsIn Science And Technology. ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN 2249-8109,Volume 13, Issue 3,2015 pp 564-566 Jawahar Krishnaswamy, Deivanayagam Shanmugam, Vijay Klaimuthu, Vinod BlajiBaskar,
• Modern laparoscopy and the archery episode in the greatest epic of India: Mahabarata, K Natarajan, World J Surg 30:1221-3.2006
• Instruments And Endoscopes Of Susruta, The Sage Surgeon Of Ancient India , K Natarajan, Surgical Indian Journal of Surgery, 2008, Volume 70, Number 5, Pages 219-223
• Unusual Case Of Maydle’s Hernia , B.A.Nikhil Nanjappa, K.Nataraja, Alok Mohanty, S.Robinson Smile AN Int J Cur Res Rev.March 2013/Vol 05 (06) Page 25
• Disastrous Reaction To Methylene Blue Dye- A Case Report , K.Natarjan, N.Murugesan, IJCCR.2013; 5(19):66-68
• Caecal Faecolith, A Cause Of Acute Appendicitis, Sabapathi Rajendran, Kulanthai Natarajan, Alok Mohanty, Robinson Smile BMJ Case Reports Published 27 January 2014;doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-202983
• Tuberculosis Of The Breast, An Uncommon Disease- A Case Report , N. Murugesan, K. Natarajan, V. S. Ananthan Int J Cur Res Rev, March 2014/ Vol 06(06) 33-35.
• Comparison of Clinical Tests and Doppler Ultrasound in the Preoperative Assessment of Lower Extremity Varicose Veins, Prabhu MA, Natarajan KG, Smile SR, . Indian J Vase Endovase Surg 2017:4:51-3

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Department of General Surgery

Maharajgunj medical campus, institute of medicine, thesis writing.

Outlines for thesis presentation

Residents are required to submit ‘Thesis’ as the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in General Surgery.

Departmental thesis presentation

Thesis presentation in the department is scheduled as follows: (All presentations are scheduled in alphabetical order of the name of presenter)

a. First Year: i. Asoj: Sept/ Oct Thesis topic selection ii. Kartik: Oct/Nov Thesis presentation (Abstract, Introduction) b. Second year: i. Baishak: Apr/May Preliminary presentation ( Methodology analysis) c. Third year: i. Asoj: Sept/Oct Thesis presentation

During thesis presentation, each student is required to submit at least 3 feasible Topics in Power point presentation. Each presentation should be structured properly.

Clearance from IRC (Institutional review committee)

IRC RESOURCES The Thesis should be cleared from the  ‘IRC’ after the department has accepted it.

Recommended Thesis format 1. Length Limits should be observed as closely as possible, not to exceed, 12,000 words. 2. Format The text should be typewritten on one side only of A4 paper in ‘Times New Roman’ font, size 12. Margin at binding edge should not be less than 40mm and other margins not less than 20mm, both for type and diagrams/images. One-and-a-half spacing should be used. All pages, including preliminaries and appendices should be numbered. While all pages are counted, not all carry a typed number, i.e. the title page, contents page. Page numbers should be located centrally at the bottom of the page and about 20mm above the edge of the page 2. Binding

The submitted final thesis should be bound with boards. The binding should be of a fixed kind in which leaves are permanently secured. The boards shall have a sufficient rigidity to support the weight of the work when standing on a shelf. The thesis is to be hard-bound in black with plain gold lettering. The cover should include the following:

 Thesis Title Student’s Name Faculty/Department Year

4. Copies In total 6 copies of the hard cover thesis should be submitted to the department, one each for the Guide and the Co-guide; one for the Library; one for the Department; two for the Campus. The copy of the thesis submitted is retained by the Department and the Maharajgunj Campus, Institute of Medicine and cannot be borrowed or exchanged. After examination, one copy of every thesis will normally be retained in the library. The student may retain an additional copy of the thesis. Each copy should be duly signed by the author as well as the Guide and Co- guide. 5. Organization of Materials a. Title Page List information in the following order: Title of thesis A Thesis submitted to Tribhuvan University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters in General Surgery Name of the student Preceptor b. Certificate Page:

Signed by the preceptor Certificate

This is to certify that the work contained in the thesis entitled,‘title’ has been carried out by ‘author’ under my direct supervision and guidance. All the investigations in connection with this work have been done by the candidate and are genuine. c . Declaration Declaration of Own Work signed by the author I hereby declare that the present thesis entitled,‘title’, is my original work accomplished as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Master of General Surgery under the supervision of ‘preceptor’. Furthermore, I authorize Tribhuvan University to reproduce this thesis by any means; mechanical or electronic, in part or as a whole , at the request of any individual or institute for the purpose of scholarly research. c. Acknowledgements Only persons and organizations who actually aided research (not typist, parents, etc.) should be mentioned in a scholarly manner, without sentimentality or humour. d. Table of Contents Complete list of contents including, list of illustrations, and headings of chapters or brief indication of their contents, appendices, and bibliography together with page numbers should be mentioned. e. List of Illustrations This should include title and page numbers locating each image. f. Abstract Abstract page should have the following headings ‘Background’, ‘Patients and Methods’, ‘Results’, ‘ Conclusions’. It should not have more than 500 words. g. Background It should include an outline of the main argument and literature review. There should be adequate elaboration of the tools used in methodology with proper references. h. Aims and Objectives General and specific objectives of the study should be mentioned.

g. Patients and Methods It should include ‘Study Design’, Sample size calculation and Sampling’, Inclusion and exclusion criteria’, ‘Methodology’, ‘Study outcomes’ and ‘Statistical analysis’ etc i. Results It should elaborate the finding with proper references to tables and figures. j. Discussion

This should be pertinent to the study and based on recent studies. You should try to compare your results with other studies. k. Conclusion It should be short and be able to project a message to the reader. l. Appendices Glossary, detailed data, technical information, questionnaires or the full text of an interview may be included here. Appendices should be named alphabetically and should be numbered in sequence with the rest of the pages of the text m. References

6. Grammar, Spelling, Punctuation and Acronyms The text should be checked for grammar and spelling. All acronyms should be spelled out the first time they are used.

[Dilemmas in general surgery. Topics and theses for panel discussion]

• PMID: 7456944

Publication types

• English Abstract
• Appendicitis / surgery*
• Breast Neoplasms / surgery*
• Gas Gangrene / prevention & control*
• Surgical Procedures, Operative*

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New thesis shows Lynch syndrome should be seen as a common condition

by Karolinska Institutet

Sophie Walton Bernstedt from the Gastroenterology and Rheumatology Unit at the Department of Medicine, Huddinge (MedH), is defending her thesis "Risk factors for colorectal cancer and the impact on life in Lynch syndrome," on 24 May, 2024. The main supervisor is Ann-Sofie Backman (MedH).

"We have investigated various risk factors associated with the development of colorectal cancer in Lynch syndrome and what it is like for these patients to live with a greatly increased cancer risk," says Walton Bernstedt.

"There is likely still a large number of patients yet to be identified with Lynch syndrome. It is necessary to identify these patients in time in order to prevent and detect early stage cancer by preventive procedures.

"By implementing routines in follow-up services for this group of patients it is possible to create optimal conditions for early detection. These routines include bowel preparation , but also the quality of the procedure, adaptation to genetic risk but also accommodating psychosocial needs among patients.

"Lynch syndrome no longer should be considered a rare condition. By increasing the knowledge of hereditary cancer in the public we hope to increase the efficiency of cancer preventive measures ."

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• About Heart Disease
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• The term "heart disease" refers to several types of heart conditions.
• Know your risk for heart disease so you can prevent it.
• High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and smoking are key risk factors.
• About 1 in 5 people in the United States died from heart disease in 2021.

What is heart disease?

The term "heart disease" refers to several types of heart conditions. The most common type of heart disease in the United States is coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD affects the blood flow to the heart. Decreased blood flow can cause a heart attack.

Sometimes heart disease may be "silent" and not diagnosed until a person experiences signs or symptoms of a heart attack, heart failure, or an arrhythmia. When these events happen, symptoms may include: 1

• Heart attack : Chest pain or discomfort, upper back or neck pain, heartburn, nausea or vomiting, extreme fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
• Arrhythmia : Fluttering feelings in the chest (palpitations).
• Heart failure : Shortness of breath, fatigue, or swelling of the feet, ankles, legs, abdomen, or neck veins.

Risk factors

High blood pressure , high blood cholesterol , and smoking are key risk factors for heart disease. About half of people in the United States (47%) have at least one of these three risk factors. Several other medical conditions and lifestyle choices can also put people at a higher risk for heart disease, including

• Overweight and obesity
• Unhealthy diet
• Physical inactivity
• Excessive alcohol use

Learn how heart disease and mental health disorders are related .

Learn the Facts About Heart Disease‎

Treatment and recovery, what is cardiac rehabilitation.

Cardiac rehabilitation is an important program for anyone recovering from a heart attack. This can also include heart failure, or some types of heart surgery. Cardiac rehabilitation is a supervised program that includes

• Physical activity.
• Education about healthy eating.
• Taking medicine as prescribed.
• Ways to help you quit smoking.
• Counseling to find ways to relieve stress and improve mental health.

A team of people may help you through cardiac rehabilitation. This may include

• Your health care team.
• Exercise and nutrition specialists.
• Physical therapists.
• Counselors or mental health professionals.

What CDC is doing

• Million Hearts ®
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
• National Center for Health Statistics. Multiple Cause of Death 2018–2021 on CDC WONDER Database . Accessed February 2, 2023.
• Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2023 Update: a report from the American Heart Association . Circulation. 2023;147:e93–e621.
• Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2021 update: a report from the American Heart Association . Circulation. 2021;143:e254–e743.

Heart Disease

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.

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