chapter 1 of case study

Case Study Research in Software Engineering: Guidelines and Examples by Per Runeson, Martin Höst, Austen Rainer, Björn Regnell

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INTRODUCTION

1.1 what is a case study.

The term “case study” appears every now and then in the title of software engineering research papers. These papers have in common that they study a specific case, in contrast to a sample from a specified population. However, the presented studies range from very ambitious and well-organized studies in the field of operations (in vivo) to small toy examples in a university lab (in vitro) that claim to be case studies. This variation creates confusion, which should be addressed by increased knowledge about case study methodology.

Case study is a commonly used research strategy in areas such as psychology, sociology, political science, social work, business, and community planning (e.g., [162, 196, 217]). In these areas, case studies are conducted with the objectives of not only increasing knowledge (e.g., knowledge about individuals, groups, and organizations and about social, political, and related phenomena) but also bringing about change in the phenomenon being studied (e.g. improving education or social care). Software engineering research has similar high-level objectives, that is, to better understand how and why software engineering should be undertaken and, with this knowledge, to seek to improve the software engineering process and the resultant software products.

There are different taxonomies used to classify research in software engineering. The term case study is used in parallel with terms like field study and observational ...

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CBSE NCERT Solutions

NCERT and CBSE Solutions for free

Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Development

Please refer to the Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Development with answers provided for Class 10 Social Science. These solved case study based questions are expected to come in the Class 10 Economics exam in the current academic year. We have provided Case study for Class 10 Social Science for all chapters here. You should practise these solved case studies to get more marks in examinations.

Chapter 1 Development Case Study Questions Class 10 Social Science

1. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:

Once it is realised that even though the level of income is important, yet it is an inadequate measure of the level of development, we begin to think of other criterion. There could be a long list of such criterion but then it would not be so useful. What we need is a small number of the most important things. Health and education indicators, such as the ones we used in comparison of Kerala and Haryana, are among them. Over the past decade or so, health and education indicators have come to be widely used along with income as a measure of development. For instance, Human Development Report published by UNDP compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income. It would be interesting to look at certain relevant data regarding India and its neighbours from Human Development Report 2019.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

(i) The Human Development Report compares countries on the basis of: (a) The educational levels of the people (b) Health status of the people (c) Per capita income of the people (d) All the above factors

(ii) Which one of the following criteria is the basis to measure the development of a country according to UNDP? (a) Per capita income (b) Educational levels of the people (c) Health status of the people (d) All the above

(iii) HDI stands for: (a) Heavy Developed Industry (b) Human Development Index (c) Heavy Developed Infrastructure (d) Heavy Industries Development

(iv) Which organisation publishes the Human Development Report: (a) WHO (b) UNDP (c) WTO (d) IMF

2. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:

For comparing countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes. Countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income. This is based on the understanding that more income means more of all things that human beings need. Whatever people like, and should have, they will be able to get with greater income. So, greater income itself is considered to be one important goal. Now, what is the income of a country? Intuitively, the income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. This gives us the total income of the country. However, for comparison between countries, total income is not such an useful measure. Since, countries have different populations, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Are people in one country better off than others in a different country? Hence, we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population. The average income is also called per capita income.

(i) What is the most important attribute while comparing countries? (a) Their population (b) Their political status (c) Their income (d) None of the above

(ii) Per capita income is : (a) Income per person (b) Income per family (c) Income per earning person (d) Income per month

(iii) The average income is also called: (a) Per capita profit (b) Per capita income (c) Limited income (d) None of the above

(iv) In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, which criterion is used in Classifying countries? (a) Total income (b) Gross income (c) per capita income (d) Net income

Data analysis questions:

1. Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.

Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Development

(a) Country A (b) Country B (c) Country C (d) Country D

2. Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.

3. Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Study the picture and answer the question that follows:

What could be the development goal for the shown area? Ans. The developmental goal for the people living in a slum will be provision of sturdy but affordable houses and other living conditions including food, water and health facilities.

Question. What may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops ? Ans . The development goal of a farmer who is only dependent on rain for growing crop, would be a good and suffcient monsoon season so that his crops get the required irrigation and he can benefit from the good produce.

Question. Study the table and answer the questions given below : Some comparative data on Haryana, Kerala and Bihar

Sources : Economic Survey, 2017-18 Vol. 2, Government of India; National Sample Survey Organisation Question : In comparison to Kerala, which state has the highest infant mortality rate ? Ans. Bihar

Question. Study the statistics in the table and Answer the question that follows:

Ans . 10,000

Question. Define the term ‘per capita income’. Ans. Per capita income is calculated as the average income of a citizen of a country. Per capita Income = total income of a country/ total population

Question. Who wrote ‘Small is Beautiful’? Ans. Schumacher wrote ‘Small is Beautiful’.

Question. Define the term ‘literacy rate’. Ans. Literacy rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7-and-above age group in a country. The higher the literacy rate, the more the development in the country.

Question. How can two people have different developmental goals ? Ans . Different people have different developmental goals because people come from different backgrounds and have different dreams and aspirations.

Question. What may be a developmental goal of the urban unemployed youth? Ans. The development goal of an urban unemployed youth would be to find a good job and earn a decent wage with that work. He/she will aspire to maintain a good standard of living.

Question. Define IMR. Ans. The number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year, is called infant mortality rate or IMR.

Question. Study the table and answer the question given below:

Question: Which State has the lowest net attendance ratio at the secondary stage? Ans. Bihar

Question. Mention the formula to calculate the BMI (Body Mass Index). Ans. BMI- (BODY MASS INDEX) Weight of person in kg and height in metres is taken. Divide the weight by the square of the height.

Question. The total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group is referred as …………………… . Ans. Net Attendance Ratio.

Question. What may be one of the developmental goals of a girl who belongs to a rich urban family? Ans. The developmental goals of a girl who belongs to a rich urban family may be getting the same freedom as her brother, pursue higher studies and a high standard of living.

Question. Based on the data given in the following table, calculate the average income for both countries: Which country has more equitable distribution of income?

Ans. (A) 10,100 (B) 10,100 Even though, average income of both countries is equal, Country A possesses a more equitable distribution of income and less economic disparities accordingly.

Question. What criteria does UNDP compare to measure the human development index? Ans. UNDP compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income.

Question. Study the picture given above. Identify an appropriate developmental goal for the characters.

Ans. An appropriate developmental goal for the poor lady would be to have a stable job and affordable house for her small family. For the rich man, his developmental goal can be more opportunities for profit and investment from foreign countries, more luxurious life or even a bigger car.

Question. What may be one of the developmental goals of a rich farmer? Ans. The developmental goals of a rich farmer might be gaining high profits on the produce or availability of cheap labour to work in the farm.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. “Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live well.” Justify the statement with example. Ans. It is true because income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example, money cannot buy us a pollution-free environment or ensure that we would get unadulterated medicines. Money may also not be able to protect us from infectious diseases, unless the whole of our society takes preventive steps. 46. Explain the three components of Human Development Index. Ans. Components of HDI (1) Life expectancy (2) Literacy rate (3). Per capita income These three to be explained.

Question. Suggest any three ways to improve public facilities in India. Ans. Public facilities are the base for any kind of development. Three ways to improve public facilities in India are: (1) One of the most essential facility is education. Easily accessible and affordable education must be provided to all the children of the country, irrespective of their caste, class or gender. More government and public schools should be opened, tuition fee should be reduced and education must be made free up to elementary level. (2) Public Distribution System should be reformed to include people from the remotest of areas. Corruption should be checked and the food grains provided should be rigorously monitored for quality. (3) Health facilities should be made free to children below 10 years of age and senior citizens, disadvantaged classes etc. (4) Transport facility must be available to everyone, easily, even in the remotest of areas. The availability of transport facility makes commute affordable and hence brings down the cost of accessing regular commodities.

Question. How do different people have different developmental goals? Explain with examples. OR “What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other.” Analyse the statement. Ans. Different people have different developmental goals because: (1) People come from different economic and social backgrounds and their priorities and aspirations vary. (2) People set their goals according to the changing circumstances and the prevailing situation. For example, a rich family would always want to earn more luxuries, but if they suddenly suffer a huge loss, their developmental goals will change to first securing a stable source of income, ensuring education for their children, etc.

Question. What is Per Capita Income? Can Per-Capita Income be considered real income of a citizen? Ans. To calculate income of every citizen in a country is difficult therefore an average income is calculated by dividing the total income of the country by its total population. This average income is also known as per capita income or average income of every citizen in a country. Per capita income however is not the real income of a citizen but an estimate.Per capita income doesn’t prove to be a reliable unit to measure whether or not a citizen is developing in a country.

Question. Beside income, what can be the other attributes to compare development? Ans. Income is not only the criterion but it is one of the important indicators of economic develop-ment. Some of the others attributes can be: Infant Morality Rate: It is an indicator of the availability of doctors and medical facilities for pre, post and natal care in the region. Low infant mortality rate indicates good medical facilities and all round development in the society. Literacy Rate: This indicates the availablity and accessibility of educational institutions in rhe region to all age groups and genders. It indicates the mentality of the people, whether there’re socially developed and updated or not. Low literacy rate shows less development. Life expectancy: This indicates the availability of health facilities throughout one’s life, whether the region has sanitized, safe surroundings to sustain. Low life expectancy means that the region lacks items for a healthy living.

Question. Suggest and explain any three ways to reduce the use of petrol. Ans. To save petrol, the following steps can be taken: (1) Using public transports: People should avoid using personal vehicles unless the distance is a lot and public transport is not available. Using public transport can save a lot of petrol. (2) Use of alternative clean energy sources: Cleaner and easily available sources of energy like natural gas can also help save petrol. (3) Car pooling: Walking short distances for groceries and other work instead of pulling a two/four-wheeler everywhere should be encouraged. If the destination is the same, carpooling can be used to save fuel. (4) Electric vehicles: People should consider switching to electric vehicles to save fuels. Electric vehicles are safe and cause almost no pollution. They can be charged at charging points which can be conveniently installed for the purpose

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. What should India do or achieve to become a developed country? Explain. Ans. India should focus on the following points to become a developed country: (1) It should reduce the gap between rich and the poor. (2) It should make provision for accommodating all its existing able people in jobs to get a suitable job. (3) Primary health and education must access to all even in the remote parts of the country. (4) Government should make provisions for making the country self-reliant by providing skill education to all. (5) Government should encourage smallscale and cottage industries by giving cheaper credits and training to those who are willing to be the entrepreneurs.

Question. What is human development? Explan its indicators. Ans. Human development can be seen as a ‘human-centred’ approach towards development which focuses on measurement of values like satisfaction, literacy, harmony, peace, freedom and happiness of people. It is concerned with the people and their wellbeing and fulfillment of their needs, choice and aspirations. Human development is measured by various indicators: (1) Per Capita Income – World Bank measures human development by measuring Pthe per capita income or average income per citizen of a country. High per capita vouches for better capacity of citizens to avail facilities. Low per capita signals poverty and less development. (2) Literacy rate – UNDP measures literacy rate to calculate whether a country is developed or not. Higher literacy rate means easy availability of educational facilities which signals better development. (3) Infant mortality rate – Less infants dying due to abundance of medicinal and natal and post-natal facilities available easily to all citizens signal that the government of the country has provided adequate health facilities which translate to development. (4) Net attendance ratio – This is also an important indicator. More attendance at school means greater literacy and better development.

Question. What is national development? What are the aspects covered under the National development? Ans. National development refers to the improvement of the life standards of a country’s citizens through actualization of their different developmental goals: provision of a healthy, free, safe and dignified life to every citizen without any discrimination. (1) Under national development, the government decides what would be a fair and just for all citizens. (2) Under National development,only those programmes and policies are implemented which (3) would benefit maximum number of people.. (4) Under national development, national interests are prioritised over self interests. (5) National development also entails inclusivity of citizens in decision making, provision of compulsory health and educational facilities, affordable housing and food for every citizen. (6) National development also entails invoking feelings of belongingness, national unity among all communities.

Question. ‘Per capita income is not considered a true measure of development.’ Comment. Ans . When the total income of a country is divided by its total population, it is called per capita income or average income. It is not considered a true measure of development because of the following reasons: (1) It does not tell us how this income is distributed as population is a variable component. (2) Life expectancy and infant mortality rate can be used as other criteria for measuring development. (3) Literacy rate and health status of people in the country can be the other criteria for measuring development. (4) Corruption free society, gender equality, pollution free environment, investment in the health and education sector etc. can be the other indicators of measuring development.

Question. Suggest some of the developmental goals for your locality or place you are residing? Ans. The developmental goals for my locality can be as follows: (1) There should be a primary health centre in the locality. (2) There should be a school catering quality education up to higher secondary level for the children living nearby. (3) Government should construct pucca houses for people to be given them on subsidized cost. (4) All weather roads in the locality must be constructed and well maintained by the authority responsible for it. (5) There should be a provision of potable drinking water in each house in the locality.

Case Study Questions Chapter 2 Federalism

Human Eyes and Colourful World Class 10 Science Important Questions

Case Study Questions Chapter 4 Agriculture

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Case Studies

Chapter 1: Case Study

Aerospace canada corporation project selection .

You work as a Human Resources Manager for Aerospace Canada Corporation (ACC). Your company is a Canadian nonprofit corporation that operates federally funded research and development. You provide technical advice on space missions to the Canadian military. You work closely with the ARC Space Force and the National Space Office. You provide technical analysis and assessments for space programs that serves Canada’s interests.

The company has 5 Chief Executive Officers, 10 Board of Trustees, 8 Research and Development employees, 20 Space Systems employees, 15 Performance Engineers, 20 Classified IT Design Engineers, 10 Electrical engineers, 7 Information Systems Security Officers, 5 Technical Software Engineers, 14 Cyber Systems Engineers, 10 Buyers, 5 Systems Directors, 12 Program Assistants, 8 Quality Assurance Engineers, 4 Remote Sensing Scientists, 20 Project Leaders, 12 Human Resources Specialists, 5 Administrative Accounting Specialists, 32 Administrative Support employees.

ACC has over 400 projects that are funding each year. They have used several models in the past for project selection to meet their goals and respecting their budgets and resource constraints, and minimizing risk. The business development and research team are responsible for reviewing all the projects and selecting the optimal portfolio for the upcoming year. In the past, the focus has always been on maximum returns on the budget and to remain at or above the market norms. These decisions reflected a priority based on sales only.

ACC is looking to implement a new strategy for project selection. It has been discussed that the business development and research team should not be involved with the project selection. However, no one knows exactly who should be involved, how to set up a new system, or who should be making these important decisions for ACC.

You are the Human Resources Manager of ACC. You have been privy to the information that has been shared at the executive level. You believe that you can have an impact on the project selection that will support the goals of honouring sales, while providing growth, reducing risk, and maximizing profits.

Who would you speak to at ACC to show your interest?
How would you go about marketing your HR department to help with this task?
What would be included in your proposal to spear head this plan?
Who would you involve in the project selection process?

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Case Study Questions for Class 12 Business Studies Chapter 1 Nature and Significance of Management

Last modified on: 9 months ago
Reading Time: 15 Minutes

Here you will find Case Study Questions for CBSE Class 12 Business Studies (BST) Chapter 1 Nature and Significance of Management .

Case Study Question 1:

Read the following text and answer question no. 14-16 on the basis of the same:

Ganesh Electronics Ltd. Manufactures washing machines, microwave oven and air conditioners. The company is facing a lot of problem these days. The company’s margin is under pressure and the profits and market share are declining. The production department blames marketing for not meeting sales targets and marketing department blames production department for producing goods which are not of good quality meeting customers’ expectations. The finance blames both production and marketing department declining return on investment and bad marketing.

(i) What quality of management do you think company is lacking? a) Planning b) controlling c) directing d) Coordination

(ii) Which of the following characteristics of management is not fulfilled by the company? a) Management is goal oriented process b) Management is group activity c) Management is an intangible force d) Management is all pervasive

(iii) Why do these kinds of inter-departmental conflicts arise in organisation? a) All the departments may have their own objectives, policies, and own style of working. b) Each department is performing activity in isolation. c) Barriers between departments becoming more rigid. d) Both b and c

Ans. (i) d (ii) b (iii) d

Case Study Question 2:

Hema is one of the most successful managers of her company, ‘Kobe Ltd’. She uses her creativity and initiative in handling challenging situations at work. The knowledge gained by her during her student days at a renowned management institute as well as through her observation and experience over the years is applied by Hema in a skilful manner in the context of the realities of a given situation. She often reads books and other literature in various fields of management to keep her knowledge updated.

(i) An aspect of the nature of management is being highlighted in the above description. Identify the aspect.

(ii) Explain any three features of the aspect identified in part (i).

(i) Management as an art. (ii) Three features that establish it as an art are: (a) Existence of theoretical knowledge. As in art, in management too, there is a lot of literature available in various areas of management which the manager has to specialise in. (b) Personalised application Like in any art, in management too, a manager applies his acquired knowledge in a personalised and unique manner. This gives rise to different styles of management. (c) Based on practice and creativity Management satisfies this criterion as a manager gains experience through regular practice and becomes more effective.

Case Study Question 3:

Q2. Das is the Managing Director of ‘Gamut Ltd. ‘manufacturing different varieties of cheese. He has an efficient team working under him consisting of Rajat- the Production manager, Vinay – the Marketing manager and Adit – the Finance manager. They understand and interpret the policies made by Das, ensure that their departments have adequate manpower, assign them the necessary duties and motivate them to achieve the desired objectives.

State one more function other than those mentioned above, that this team may perform at the level they are working

Ans. The team is working at middle level and the function the team may perform other than those mentioned is- Co-operate with other departments for smooth functioning of the organization.

Q3. Rishitosh Mukerjee has recently joined AMV Ltd, a company manufacturing refrigerators. He found that his department was under-staffed and other departments were not cooperating with his department for smooth functioning of the organization. Therefore, he ensured that his department has the required number of employees and its cooperation with other departments is improved. (a) Identify the level at which Rishitosh Mukerjee was working. (b) Also, state three more functions required to be performed by Rishitosh Mukerjee at this level.

(a) Middle level (b) Functions required to be performed by Rishitosh Mukerjee:

To interpret the policies framed by the top management.
To ensure that their department has the necessary personnel.
To assign necessary duties and responsibilities to the employees of their respective departments for implementation of the plan.
To motivate employees of their respective departments to achieve the desired objectives.
To co-operate with other departments for smooth functioning of the organization.

Units and Chapter List:

Unit 1 – Nature and Significance of Management, Principles of Management and Business Environment

Chapter 1: Nature and Significance of Management Case Studies Chapter 2: Principles of Management Case Studies Chapter 3: Business Environment Case Studies

Unit 2 – Planning and Organising

Chapter 4: Planning Case Studies Chapter 5: Organising Case Studies

Unit 3 – Staffing, Directing and Controlling

Chapter 6: Staffing Case Studies Chapter 7: Directing Case Studies Chapter 8: Controlling Case Studies

Unit 4 – Financial Management and Financial Market

Chapter 9: Financial Management Case Studies Chapter 10: Financial Market Case Studies

Unit 5 – Marketing and Consumer Protection

Chapter 11: Marketing Case Studies Chapter 12: Consumer Protection Case Studies

How to Tackle Business Studies Case Studies in Exams

Here’s a tip on how to approach and answer case study questions for Class 12 BST (Business Studies) exams:

1. Understand the Format:

Case study questions are designed to test your ability to analyze and apply your knowledge to real-world situations.
These questions are usually longer in length, but your answers should be concise and to the point.

2. Careful Reading:

Begin by carefully reading the entire case study. Don’t rush; understand the context and details provided.
Pay attention to any data, statistics, or specific information presented in the case.

3. Examine the Question:

Before diving into the case study, read the question(s) associated with it. This will help you focus on what to look for while reading the case.
Identify the key concepts or issues the question is addressing.

4. Highlight Key Information:

While reading the case, underline or highlight important facts, figures, or statements that seem relevant to the question.
Make notes if necessary to organize your thoughts.

5. Analyze the Situation:

Once you have a good grasp of the case and its details, analyze the situation. Consider the cause-and-effect relationships, potential solutions, and any ethical or business principles involved.

6. Structure Your Answer:

Start your answer with a brief introduction, summarizing the main problem or situation presented in the case.
Organize your response logically. You can use bullet points or numbered lists for clarity.
Present your analysis, providing relevant business theories or concepts as appropriate.
Offer solutions or recommendations based on your analysis. Be clear and concise in your suggestions.

7. Use Simple Language:

Write your answers in clear and simple language. Avoid unnecessary jargon or complex vocabulary.
Ensure your answers are easy to understand for the examiner.

8. Practice with Sample Papers:

Practice case study questions from sample papers and previous year papers to get a feel for the format and types of questions that may be asked.
Writing practice answers will help you refine your approach.

Remember to practice, and you’ll become more proficient at tackling case study questions effectively.

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The glorious education, previous year question paper bcom (prog) business laws university of delhi, case studies of bst class 11 ch - 1 nature and purpose of business, class -11 business studies , chapter - 1 nature and purpose of business, case study and value-based questions with answers .

Q1. Mr. Bhuvan is a Chartered Accountant in a Multinational Company. He gets rs 85,000 per month as his salary. On weekends, Mr. Bhuvan goes to nearby village and teaches some slum children, he does not charge anything from them, he does it out of sympathy and children. This gives him mental and psychological satisfaction. concern for poor.

(a) Working as CA in a MNC refers to which type of human activity. (b) Teaching students in slum is which type of human activity. (c) Identify the values followed by Bhuvan.

Ans. (a) Economic

(b) Non-Economic

(ii) Value of helping poor.

Q. 2. Rajiv wants to start a whole sale business of readymade garments, but he is hesitating as it involves various problems such as customers for moving goods from place of production to market, informing customers about new designs and varieties added every season, threat of risk loss by fire or accident, storing the excess stock of goods, etc. He approaches his friend Sandeep who explained him about some branches of commerce, which can help Rajiv to overcome his hesitation.

(a) State the type of business Rajiv is planning to start.

(b) State which dimension of business can help Rajiv to overcome these hindrances. (c) Specify different types of Auxiliaries to trade which can help Rajiv to overcome his problems. Quote the line for each type from above Para.

Ans. (a) Trade - Whole sale Trade.

(b) Commerce

(iii) "Informing customers"

(iv) "Threat of Risk" Transportation - Advertisement Insurance -

Q. 3. Indu bought a readymade dress for ₹ 5000. Her friend liked the design of dress very much, so Indu sold the same dress to her friend for 5500 and made a profit of 500. After completing her studies Indu opened a shop of selling readymade dresses for girls.

(a) Can transaction between Indu and her friend be termed as business?

(b)State the features related to 'a'.

Ans.(a) No.

(b) "Regular Basis".

Q. 4. Name the following:

(a) The economic activity showing a risk element and carried on profit.

(b) The trade in which two countries are involved.

(d) The industry which involves breeding and reproduction of plants and animals.

(e) The branch of commerce which remove hindrance of place.

Ans. (a) Business

(b) External Trade

(d) Genetic Industry

(e) Transportation.

Q. 5. An organisation planned to use CFL and LED which consume less electricity to reduce operational cost. They also give preference to labour intensive technique of production. What values company is implementing?

Ans.1. Value of saving electricity.

2. Value of creating employment opportunities.

3. Value of reduction in cost.

Q. 6. An organisation arranges recreational activities for its employees to refresh them and also send them for training to update their knowledge. What values are followed by the company? .

Ans. 1. Value of meeting personal objectives.

2. Value of motivating employees.

3. Values of giving job satisfaction to employees.

Q. 7. A Chartered Accountant advised his elient how to convert black money into white money and he also guided him how to save income tax by hiding his income. Is his act justified.

Ans. No conduct of CA and businessmen are not justified:

(a) CA is violating his code of conduct by acting unethically.

(b) Cheating government by paying less income.

(d) The act is not even unethical but illegal also.

Q. 8. A Tool and Equipment Manufacturing Company gave bribe to purchase manager of a factory to buy tools of low quality and which are not having safety norms. The purchase manager accepted the offer and gave a big order. What values are violated?

Ans. 1. Value of playing with the health of workers.

2. Not fulfilling safety norms competition. 3. Offering bribe is an unlawful act.

Q.9. A unit set up by Tata in rural area and the company plan to develop roads, parks of that area they also started a school for local children of that area. What values are followed?

Ans. 1. Fulfilling social objectives.

2. Increasing literacy rate.

3. Improving standard of living.

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For students appearing for grade 11 CBSE exams from the Commerce stream, Business Studies is a fundamental subject. Business Studies is considered to be quite interesting as well as an occupying subject as compared to all other core subjects of the CBSE class 11 commerce stream. To ace this CBSE exam, students are not only required to work hard but they ought to learn to do smart work too.

Among all the other core subjects of the Commerce stream i.e accountancy, economics and business studies, Business Studies is the one that is purely theoretical. It is termed to be comparatively easier and more scoring than the other mandatory subjects of the commerce stream. Many students who opt for the commerce stream after their 10-grade exams desire to learn in-depth about the business organizations and their work, for them the subject is of utmost importance. Business Studies is an essential component of the class 11 commerce stream curriculum.

In order to ace the subject the student needs to have conceptual clarity. CBSE has designed the syllabus for class 11 Business Studies so as to provide students with a basic understanding of the various principles prevalent in the Business organizations as well as their interaction with their corresponding environment.

Case Study Questions in class 11 (Business Studies)

Case-based questions have always been an integral part of the Business Studies question paper for many years in the past. The case studies have always been considered to be challenging for the students, for such questions demand the application of their knowledge of the fundamental business concepts and principles. Last year i.e- 2021 CBSE introduced a few changes in the Business Studies question paper pattern to enhance and develop analytical and reasoning skills among students.

It was decided that the questions would be based on real-life scenarios encountered by the students.CBSE not only changed the way case-based questions were formulated but also incremented their weightage in the Business Studies question paper. The sole purpose of increasing the weightage of case-based questions in the class 11 curriculum by CBSE was to drift from rote learning to competency and situation-based learning.

What is a case study question? (Business Studies)

In Business Studies, a case study is more like a real-world test of how the implementation works. It is majorly a report of an organization’s implementation of anything, such as a practice,a product, a system, or a service. The questions would be based on the NCERT textbook for class 11 Business Studies. Case-based questions will definitely carry a substantial weightage in the class 11 Business Studies question paper. questions.

A hypothetical text will be provided on the basis of which the student is expected to solve the given case-based question asked in the Business Studies class 11 exam. Initially, the newly introduced case-based questions appeared to be confusing for both the students and the teachers. Perhaps, they were reluctant to experiment with something new but now a lot more clarity is there that has made the question paper quite student-friendly.

Case study questions could be based on any chapter or concept present in the NCERT textbook. Thus, it is expected from the students to thoroughly revise and memorize the key business fundamentals.

Business Studies syllabus of class 11 CBSE

The entire Business Studies course is divided into 2 parts:

Part A, Foundation of Business
Part B, Finance and Trade

The class 11 Business Studies exam is for a total of 100 marks, 80 marks are for the theory and the remaining 20 for the project. Most of the questions are based on the exercises from the NCERT textbook. It is recommended to rigorously go through the contents of the book. A single textbook has been published by NCERT for Class 11 Business studies. There are a total of 10 chapters in this book divided into 2 parts.

CBSE Class – 11

Business Studies (Code No. 054)

Theory: 80 Marks Time: 3 Hours Project: 20 Marks

Case Study Passage (Business Studies class)

As part of these questions, the students would be provided with a hypothetical situation or text, based on which analytical questions will have to be answered by them. It is a must for the students to read the passage in depth before attempting the questions. In the coming examination cycle (2022-23), case-based questions have a weightage of around 30%. These questions can be based on each chapter in the NCERT book for Business Studies, grade 11.

Students must prepare well for the case-based questions before appearing for their Business Studies exam as these questions demand complete knowledge of the various concepts in their syllabus. CBSE plans to increase the weightage of such questions in the upcoming years.

Sample case-based Questions in Business Studies

Business Studies as a subject provides a way of perceiving and interacting with the business ecosystem. It is a core subject of the commerce stream that is purely theoretical and relevantly easier than the other compulsory subjects of the stream. Class 11 Business Studies syllabus is closely related to trade and commerce. The subject cannot be ignored as it is the foundation of many concepts and theories which are studied at an advanced level in class 12.

The case-based questions asked in the CBSE Business Studies question paper for class 11 are of two types:

As per the latest circular issued by CBSE on Assessment and Evaluation practices of the board for the session 2022-23, CBSE has clearly mentioned that competency-based questions including case studies will be different from subjective questions.

The questions can also be categorized on their difficulty level:

Direct: such questions can be easily solved. Their answer is visible in the given passage itself.
Indirect/ Analytical: such questions are confusing and tricky. These can be solved by the application of the theory or principle that is highlighted in the provided text.

How To Prepare For Case-based Questions? (Business Studies grade 11)

Students need to prepare well for the case-based questions before appearing for their class 11 Business Studies exam. Here are some tips which will help the student to solve the case-based questions at ease:

Read the provided text carefully
Try to comprehend the situation and focus on the question asked
Analyze and carefully answer the question asked
In general, the passage given would be lengthy in Business Studies case-based questions but their solutions are comparatively short and simple
One can significantly save time if they follow a reversal pattern, that is going through the questions before reading the comprehensive case study passage.
Answer in a concise manner
One should concentrate on solidifying key fundamental principles/theories
Go through the NCERT textbook in depth. The language used is crisp and simple.
While providing solutions to the case-based question, pick the keyword/keyline based on which you are driving insights.

In order to excel in the Business Studies class 11 exam, one needs to ignore the shortcut techniques and get to read the NCERT textbook rigorously. Case studies can be easily solved if your key fundamentals are strong and clear. The best part of having these questions is that the asked question itself projects a hint of its answer. These simple points if kept in mind will definitely help the students to fetch good marks in case study questions, class 11 Business Studies.

Case study question examples in Business Studies

Here a re some given case study questions for CBSE class 11 Business Studies. If you wish to get more case study questions and other study material, download the myCBSEguide app now. You can also access it through our student dashboard.

Business Studies Case Study 1

Read the hypothetical text given and answer the following questions:

Manish, Rahul and Madhav live in the same locality. They used to meet and discuss their ideas. After discussing the recent fire breakout in their area, they decided to take fire insurance for their house or work area. Manish gets his house insured against fire for ₹1 lakh and during the policy period, his house gets damaged due to fire and the actual loss amounts to ₹2.5 lakh. The insurance company acquired the burning material and approved his claim. Rahul gets his godown insured against fire for ₹1 lakh but does not take enough precautions to minimize the chances of fire like installing fire extinguishers in the factory. During the policy, a fire takes place in his godown and he does not take any preventive steps like throwing water and calling the employees from the fire fighting department to control the fire. He suffered a loss of ₹1,20,000. Madhav took a fire insurance policy of ₹20 lakh for his factory at an annual payment of ₹24,000. In order to reduce the annual premium, he did not disclose that highly explosive chemicals are being manufactured in his factory. Due to a fire, his factory gets severely damaged. The insurance company refused to make payment for the claim as it became aware of the highly explosive chemicals.

How much can Manish claim from the insurance company?

None of the above

How much compensation can Rahul get from the insurance company?

Which principle is violated in the case of Rahul?

Insurable Interest
Utmost Good Faith

How much amount is the insurance company liable to pay to Madhav if he files a case against it?

Insufficient information

Which principle of Insurance is violated by Madhav?

Insurable interest
Subrogation
Proximate Cause

The insurance company acquired the burnt material and approved his claim. Which principle of Insurance is highlighted in the given statement.

(a) Mitigation
(a) Utmost Good Faith
(d) Subrogation

Business Studies Case Study 2

Sarthak Electronics Ltd. has a loss of Rs 15,00,000 to pay. They are short of funds so they are trying to find means to arrange funds. Their manager suggested a claim from the insurance company against stock lost due to fire in the warehouse. He actually meant that they can put their warehouse on fire and claim from insurance companies against stock insured. They will use the claim money to pay the loan.

Will the company receive a claim if the surveyor from the insurance company comes to know the real cause of fire?
Write any two Values which the company ignores while planning to arrange money from false claims.
State any three elements of fire insurance

Business Studies Case Study 3

OLX and qickr are examples of well-known websites used to conduct business. Tarasha’s sofa set got spoiled in the rain. Her friend suggested that she should change the fabric so that it looks new and put it for sale on Olx. Tarasha followed her friend’s advice and got her sofa repaired so that it looked better and uploaded nicely clicked pictures on the website without disclosing the fact that it was damaged from the inside. She found a buyer and sold it for Rs 10,000. After five days the buyer found the real state of the sofa set and called Tarasha but she did not answer any of the calls.

identify the type of business highlighted in the above case.
Identify any two values which are overlooked by Tarasha.
Explain any two benefits and limitations of e-business.

Advantages of case study questions in Business Studies

Class 11 Business Studies syllabus is not very vast but has to be focussed upon as it forms the base for your 12th grade Business Studies syllabus. Students are supposed to prepare themselves thoroughly from the NCERT textbook. The Case-based questions prominently focus on the real and current scenarios of the Business world. Approximately 30% of the question paper will comprise case study questions that demand high-order thinking and reasoning skills from the students. The students ought to practice class 11 Business Studies case-based questions from the various options available to them, so as to excel in the subject.

Enhance the qualitative and quantitative analysis skills of students
Provides an in-depth understanding of the key Business theories/concepts
Inculcate intellectual capabilities in students
Help students retain knowledge for a longer period of time
The questions would help to discard the concept of rote learning
Case studies promote and strengthen practical learning.

“Failure is success if you learn from it”

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Class 9 Science Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Matter in our Surroundings

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Case study Questions in Class 9 Science Chapter 1 are very important to solve for your exam. Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Case Study Questions have been prepared for the latest exam pattern. You can check your knowledge by solving Class 9 Science Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Matter in our Surroundings

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 9 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on Assertion and Reason. There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Matter in our Surroundings Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in our Surroundings

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Case Study 1: There are three states of matter – solid, liquid, and gas.

Solids have a definite shape, distinct boundaries, and fixed volumes, that is, have negligible compressibility. Solids have a tendency to maintain their shape when subjected to outside force. Solids may break under force but it is difficult to change their shape, so they are rigid.

Liquids have no fixed shape but have a fixed volume. They take up the shape of the container in which they are kept. Liquids flow and change shape, so they are not rigid but can be called fluid.

Gas has an indefinite shape and no fixed volume. Gas gets the shape and volume of the container.Gas has a very low density and hence is light. Gas can flow easily and hence is called fluid.

i.) Which of the following state of matter takes the shape of the container in which it is filled?

d.) Both b and c

Answer: d.) Both b and c

ii.) Distance between particles of matter least in

d.) None of these

Answer: a.) Solid

iii.) Compressibility is least in case of

Case Study 2: Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It exists in various forms, such as solid, liquid, and gas. The physical properties of matter, such as shape, size, and state, can be observed and measured. The particles that makeup matter are constantly in motion, and their motion determines the state of matter. In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and have a fixed shape and volume. In a liquid, the particles are close together but can move past each other, giving the substance a fixed volume but no fixed shape. In a gas, the particles are far apart and move freely, allowing the substance to occupy any volume and shape. Matter can undergo changes in its state through the processes of evaporation, condensation, melting, and freezing. Understanding the properties and behavior of matter is essential for studying various scientific phenomena and practical applications in our daily lives.

What is matter? a) Anything that occupies space and has mass b) Anything that is visible to the naked eye c) Anything that is in a solid state d) Anything that is in a gaseous state Answer: a) Anything that occupies space and has mass

What determines the state of matter? a) Physical properties b) Chemical properties c) The motion of particles d) The color of the substance Answer: c) The motion of particles

How are particles arranged in a solid? a) Far apart and move freely b) Close together but can move past each other c) Tightly packed and have a fixed shape d) Tightly packed but have no fixed shape Answer: c) Tightly packed and have a fixed shape

What is the behavior of particles in a gas? a) They are far apart and move freely b) They are close together but can move past each other c) They are tightly packed and have a fixed shape d) They are tightly packed but have no fixed shape Answer: a) They are far apart and move freely

What processes can matter undergo to change its state? a) Evaporation, condensation, melting, and freezing b) Dissolution, combustion, sublimation, and oxidation c) Fermentation, photosynthesis, respiration, and digestion d) Oxidation, reduction, precipitation, and ionization Answer: a) Evaporation, condensation, melting, and freezing

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in our Surroundings with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 9 Science Matter in our Surroundings Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible By Team Study Rate

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Class 11 Chemistry Case Study Questions Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

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In Class 11 Final Exams there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Study Rate is always there to help you. Free PDF Downloads of CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 Case Study and Passage-Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on the Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve Class 11 Chemistry Case Study Questions Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry to know their preparation level.

Join our Telegram Channel, there you will get various e-books for CBSE 2024 Boards exams for Class 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th.

In CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Paper, There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage-based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Case Study Questions With Answers

Here, we have provided case-based/passage-based questions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Case Study/Passage-Based Questions

Case Study 1: The uncertainty in the experimental or the calculated values is indicated by mentioning the number of significant figures. Significant figures are meaningful digits that are known with certainty plus one which is estimated or uncertain. The uncertainty is indicated by writing the certain digits and the last uncertain digit. there are certain rules for determining the number of significant figures. These are stated below:

All non-zero digits are significant. For Example in 285 cm, there are three Significant figures and in 0.25 mL, there are two significant figures.
Zeros preceding to first non-zero digit are not significant. such zero indicates the position of the decimal point. thus, 0.03 has one significant figure and 0.0052 has two significant figures.
Zeros between two non-zero digits are significant. thus, 2.005 has four Significant figures.
Zeros at the end or right of a number are significant, provided they are on the right side of the decimal point. For example, 0.200 g has three significant figures. But, if otherwise, the terminal zeros are not significant if there is no decimal point.

Precision refers to the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity. However, accuracy is the agreement of a particular value to the true value of the result.

LAWS OF CHEMICALCOMBINATIONS- The combination of elements to form compounds is governed by the following five basic laws.

1) Law of Conservation of Mass-This law was put forth by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789. He performed careful experimental studies for combustion reactions and reached the conclusion that in all physical and chemical changes, there is no net change in mass during the process. Hence, he reached the conclusion that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. This is called the ‘Law of Conservation of Mass’.

2) Law of Definite Proportions-This law was given by, a French chemist, Joseph Proust. He stated that a given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by weight.

3) Law of Multiple Proportions-This law was proposed by John Dalton. According to this law, if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element, are in the ratio of small whole numbers. For example, hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two compounds, namely, water and hydrogen peroxide.

Hydrogen + Oxygen→ Water

2g 16g 18g

Hydrogen + Oxygen → Hydrogen Peroxide

2g 32g 34g

Here, the masses of oxygen (i.e., 16 g and 32 g), which combine with a fixed mass of hydrogen (2g) bear a simple ratio, i.e., 16:32 or 1:2.

4) Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes-This law was given by Gay Lussac in 1808. He observed that when gases combine or are produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume, provided all gases are at the same temperature and pressure.

5) Avogadro’s Law – In 1811, Avogadro proposed that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure should contain an equal number of molecules.

In 1808, Dalton published ‘A New System of Chemical Philosophy, in which he proposed the following :

1.) Matter consists of indivisible atoms.

2.) All atoms of a given element have identical properties, including identical mass. Atoms of different elements differ in mass.

3.) Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio.

4.) Chemical reactions involve the reorganization of atoms. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

[A[ Multiple Choice Question

1) … refers to the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity.

a) Accuracy
b) Reliability
c) Precision
d) Uncertainty

Ans – c) Precision

2) Law of Conservation of mass was put forth by ….in 1789.

a) Joseph Proust
b) Antoine Lavoisier
c) Joseph Louis
d) Gay Lussac

Ans – b) Antoine Lavoisier

3) Which of the following number has two significant figures.

Ans – d) 0.0052

4) … is the agreement of a particular value to the true value of the result.

Ans – a) Accuracy

5) Law of Multiple Proportions proposed by.

d) John Dalton

Ans – d) John Dalton

Case Study 2: The identity of a substance is defined not only by the types of atoms or ions it contains but by the quantity of each type of atom or ion. The experimental approach required the introduction of a new unit for the number of substances, the mole, which remains indispensable in modern chemical science. A mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter. A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of discrete entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12g. One Latin connotation for the word “mole” is “large mass” or “bulk,” which is consistent with its use as the name for this unit. The mole provides a link between an easily measured macroscopic property, bulk mass, and an extremely important fundamental property, the number of atoms, molecules, and so forth. The number of entities composing a mole has been experimentally determined to be 6.02214179 × 10 23 .

6.02214179 × 10 23 , a fundamental constant named Avogadro’s number (NA ) or the Avogadro constant in honor of Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro. This constant is properly reported with an explicit unit of “per mole,” a conveniently rounded version being 6.022×10 23 /mol. Consistent with its definition as an amount unit, 1 mole of any element contains the same number of atoms as 1 mole of any other element. The masses of 1 mole of different elements, however, are different, since the masses of the individual atoms are drastically different. The molar mass of an element (or compound) is the mass in grams of 1 mole of that substance, a property expressed in units of grams per mole (g/mol).

(i) A sample of copper sulfate pentahydrate contains 8.64 g of oxygen. How many grams of Cu is present in the sample? (a) 0.952g (b) 3.816g (c) 3.782g (d) 8.64g

Answer: (b) 3.816g

(ii) A gas mixture contains 50% helium and 50% methane by volume. What is the percent by \ weight of methane in the mixture? (a) 19.97% (b) 20.05% (c) 50% (d) 80.03%

Answer: (d) 80.03%

(iii) The mass of oxygen gas which occupies 5.6 liters at STP could be (a) gram atomic mass of oxygen (b) one-fourth of the gram atomic mass of oxygen (c) double the gram atomic mass of oxygen (d) half of the gram atomic mass of oxygen

Answer: (b) one fourth of the gram atomic mass of oxygen

(iv) What is the mass of one molecule of yellow phosphorus? (Atomic mass of phosphorus = 30) (a)1.993 x 10 -22 mg (b)1.993 x 10 -19 mg (c) 4.983 x 10 -20 mg (d) 4.983 x 10 -23 mg

Answer: (d) 4.983 x 10-23 mg

(v) The number of moles of oxygen in 1L of air containing 21% oxygen by volume, in standard conditions is (a) 0.186 mol (b) 0.21 mol (c) 2.10 mol (d) 0.0093 mol

Answer: (d) 0.0093 mol

Case Study 3: Chemistry plays an important role in human needs for food, health care products, and improving life. Cis platin and taxol are used in chemotherapy, and AZT (Azidothymidine) is used for AIDS. SI units are international units of measurement. The matter is classified into elements, compounds, and mixtures, which can be homogeneous as well as heterogeneous. A mixture can be separated by physical methods, compounds can be separated by chemical methods only. Atomic mass is the average of masses of isotopes depending upon their natural abundance. The empirical formula is calculated with the help of the percentage composition of elements in a compound and molecular mass helps to calculate the molecular formula. A chemical equation must be balanced so as to follow the laws of chemical combination.

Which of the following are used in chemotherapy? A) Taxol B) AZT C) Cis platin D) A and C E) A, B, and C

What are SI units? A) Chemical formulas B) Units of time C) International units of measurement D) Isotopes

How can a compound be separated? A) Physical methods B) Chemical methods C) Both physical and chemical methods D) None of the above

What does the atomic mass of an element represent? A) Mass of a single atom B) Mass of all isotopes combined C) Average mass of isotopes based on natural abundance D) Mass of the most common isotope

Which of the following statements is true regarding a chemical equation? A) It does not need to be balanced B) It must be balanced according to the laws of chemical combination C) It represents only the physical states of the reactants D) It includes only empirical formulas

Hope the information shed above regarding Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries about CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers, feel free to comment below so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible. By Team Study Rate

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Case Study Questions Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

CBSE Class 10 Case Study Questions Social Science History The Rise of Nationalism in Europe. Important Case Study Questions for Class 10 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions The Rise of Nationalism in Europe.

At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.

Case Study 1

Rise of nationalism in Europe

1) Nationalism is a profound allegiance to one’s nation. Its early stages involve the aspiration to establish a country that is free from foreign domination. The emergence of modern nations such as England and France occurred during the Hundred Years’ War in the late Middle Ages, when people began to develop loyalties to their countries instead of local feudal lords. Nationalism was introduced to the Americas in the late 1700s and early 1800s, when European colonies overthrew foreign control. Greece gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire of Turkey in 1830, but much of Europe remained divided into various small kingdoms, baronies, and dukedoms during the early 1800s. Italy and Germany, for instance, did not exist as nations at that time.

As a result of intermarriages between European royal families, people often found themselves governed by foreigners who did not even speak the same language as their subjects. Driven by Enlightenment ideals and aspirations for democracy, people yearned for change. They desired to belong to nations that reflected their own culture, history, language, religion, and traditions. Nationalism became the most potent political force of the 1800s, and much of the century’s history is a narrative of people’s struggles to liberate themselves from foreign control.

Q1) What are the factors related to rise of nationalism in Europe? Mark 2

Answer The rise of nationalism in Europe in 1871 was driven by several factors:

Unification movements in Italy and Germany, The decline of multi-ethnic empires, Economic and industrial growth, Promotion of national cultures, The spread of liberal and democratic ideals, The aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War.

Q2) What do you understand by the term Balkan Regions? Mark 2

Answer The term “Balkan regions” refers to a historically and geographically complex area in Southeastern Europe known as the Balkan Peninsula. It includes countries like Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, and parts of Greece, Serbia, and others. The region has a history of ethnic, political, and cultural diversity, as well as occasional conflict.

Case Study 2

2) The German Confederation, consisting of over 30 German states, was primarily dominated by the Austrian Empire. However, it was the state of Prussia that ultimately spearheaded the unification of Germany.

In the year 1862, King Wilhelm I of Prussia appointed Otto von Bismarck as his prime minister. Bismarck was known for his political philosophy called “realpolitik,” which prioritized practical objectives over idealistic notions. This philosophy drove Bismarck to employ any means necessary to achieve his goals.

Under Bismarck’s leadership, the government of Prussia underwent a significant transformation. Bismarck famously addressed his Parliament, emphasizing that the crucial issues of the time would not be resolved through mere speeches and resolutions, but rather through the use of force and determination.

Bismarck initiated the Seven Weeks War against Austria, resulting in the acquisition of additional territory for Prussia. Subsequently, he orchestrated a conflict with France over border states in 1870, known as the Franco-Prussian War. The triumph of Prussia in this war marked the final step towards the unification of the German state.

Q1) What was the role of army in forming the state of Germany? Mark 2

Answer The role of the army, particularly the Prussian military, was crucial in the formation of the state of Germany in the 19th century. Under the leadership of figures like Otto von Bismarck, the Prussian army played a central role in unifying the German states through a series of strategic wars and diplomatic maneuvers, ultimately leading to the establishment of the German Empire in 1871.

Q2) What was the liberal initiative to nation building? Mark 2

Answer The liberal initiative in nation-building emphasized individual rights, representative government, and rule of law. It sought to create a shared national identity based on principles like liberty, equality, and fraternity. In the 19th century, this ideology played a significant role in the formation of modern nation-states and the promotion of democratic institutions.

Case Study 3

3) The formation of the Kingdom of Italy can be traced back to the merger of the Kingdom of Sicily and the Kingdom of Naples, which was also officially referred to as the Kingdom of Sicily. Given that both kingdoms shared the same name, they were collectively known as the “Two Sicilies”. Meanwhile, the Kingdom of Sardinia had been under the control of Spain and France in the north. In 1852, Count Cavour was appointed as the Prime Minister of the state and sought to unify Italy through political negotiation and conflict. He formed an alliance with France and orchestrated a war with Austria, which resulted in the acquisition of more land for the kingdom.

In the southern part of Italy, Italian nationalists were led by Giuseppe Garibaldi, who commanded the Red Shirts army. They successfully captured the island of Sicily and proceeded to conquer the southern regions of Italy. Eventually, they agreed to unite with Piedmont-Sardinia in the north and handed over power to Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. Subsequently, the Austrian province of Venetia, which was home to the city of Venice, also joined the kingdom.

Finally, the Papal States, a vast region of central Italy under the control of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, came under Italian control. This led to the city of Rome becoming the new capital of a united Kingdom of Italy.

Q1) What was the role of Giuseppe Mazzini in formation of Italian Republic? Mark 2

Answer Giuseppe Mazzini was a prominent Italian nationalist and leader of the “Young Italy” movement in the 19th century. He played a vital role in promoting the idea of a united Italian republic. His advocacy for Italian unity and independence inspired others, contributing to the eventual unification of Italy in 1861.

Q2) Which was the first region to become a part of unified Italy? Which was the last region to join? In which year did the largest number of states join? Mark 2

Answer The first region to become a part of unified Italy was Piedmont-Sardinia, which was the base for the Italian unification under the leadership of figures like Count Cavour. The last region to join was Venetia, which happened after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866. The largest number of states joined in 1860.

Case Study 4

4) The emergence of a symbolic national identity became a pressing concern for various racial, ethnic, and linguistic groups across Europe during a time marked by the rise of mass politics, the decline of traditional social elites, widespread discrimination, and xenophobia. Even within the Habsburg monarchy, different peoples developed a more mass-oriented, radical, and exclusive form of nationalism. Surprisingly, this trend extended to the Germans and Magyars, who actually benefited from the power structure of the empire. On the fringes of Europe, particularly in Ireland and Norway, movements advocating for national independence grew increasingly vocal. In 1905, Norway successfully achieved independence from Sweden, while attempts to grant Ireland a degree of autonomy faltered due to deep-seated divisions between the Catholic and Protestant populations on the island. Prior efforts by Poland to gain independence from Russia had also proven unsuccessful, with Poland being the sole European country to experience a gradual reduction in autonomy throughout the 19th century as a consequence of failed uprisings. In 1831, Poland lost its status as a formally independent state and was absorbed into Russia as a real union country. By 1867, it had been reduced to nothing more than another Russian province. Faced with internal and external resistance to assimilation, as well as a surge in xenophobic anti-Semitism, the stateless Jewish population of Eastern and Central Europe began to advocate for their own national home and refuge.

Q1) What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for? Mark 2

Answer Liberal nationalism stood for the promotion of individual rights, representative government, and the rule of law within a framework of national identity. It aimed to create cohesive, democratic nation-states where citizens shared common values, fostering the principles of liberty, equality, and self-determination during the 19th-century wave of nationalism in Europe.

Q2) Who were the Revolutionaries in context of nationalism in Europe? Mark 2

Answer Revolutionaries in the context of European nationalism were individuals and groups who advocated for radical and often violent means to achieve national independence and sovereignty. They included figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi in Italy and Lajos Kossuth in Hungary. They played a role in the uprisings and revolutions of the mid-19th century, striving for national autonomy.

Case Study 5

5) The French Revolution, which took place from 1789 to 1799, was a significant period in history characterized by political reform and violence. Its impact extended beyond France, influencing nations worldwide. This revolution marked a widespread transition from monarchies to republican and democratic governments, a movement that had already begun in the late eighteenth century. While the revolution had its flaws, it also played a crucial role in dismantling age-old power structures not only within France and Europe but also within their colonies. It demonstrated that ordinary people possessed the ability to wield political power and completely transform a nation. Additionally, the French Revolution greatly contributed to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who assumed leadership after the monarchy was overthrown.

During the eighteenth century, France experienced political and economic turmoil, leading to widespread discontent and a strong opposition to the monarchy. This environment set the stage for a revolution. The French Revolution was driven by various factors, with the primary motive being the need for political change that would address the demands of the majority, namely the common people. This desire translated into a call for a reduction in the king’s powers and the transfer of more authority to the general citizenry.

Q1) What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people. Mark 2

Answer French revolutionaries took several steps to create a sense of collective identity among the French people. They introduced the metric system, abolished feudal privileges, and promoted the French language. Additionally, the adoption of the tricolor flag, the Marseillaise anthem, and the concept of “citizen” helped foster a unified national identity during the French Revolution.

Q2)What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more efficient in the territories ruled by him? Mark 2

Answer Napoleon introduced efficient administrative reforms in his territories, creating the Napoleonic Code, which standardized laws. He established a centralized administrative structure with appointed prefects. Positions were awarded based on merit, tax systems were simplified, and public education expanded. His rule also promoted religious tolerance and reduced the influence of the Catholic Church

Also See: Nationalism in India

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CBSE Class 12 Psychology Important Case Study Based Questions 2023: Read and Solve for Tomorrow's Exam

Psychology important case study questions for cbse class 12: practice important psychology case study-based questions for cbse class 12. these questions are important for the upcoming cbse class 12 psychology board exam 2023..

CBSE Class 12 Psychology Exam 2023: Hello students! kudos to the efforts you put into tackling your 2023 board examinations. We understand that the last few weeks were tremendously tiring, both mentally and physically. Don’t worry, take a deep breath and relax as this is the final phase of your CBSE examination 2023. The class 12 Psychology exam is the last in the lane. Its paper code is 037. The exam is planned for 05th April 2023, that is, tomorrow. The exam will be for 3 hours scheduled between 10.30 AM to 01.30 PM. We believe you have already solved the sample question and previous year papers for Class 12 Psychology and must be aware of the exam pattern. If not, please refer to the links below.

CBSE Class 12 Psychology Previous Year Question Papers: Download pdf
CBSE Board Class 12 Psychology Sample Paper 2022-23 in PDF

CBSE Class 12 Psychology, Important Case Study-Based Questions:

Case 1: .

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow:

Sundar, a college-going 20-year-old male, has moved from his home town to live in a big city. He has continuous fear of insecurity and feels that enemy soldiers are following him. He gets very tense when he spots anyone in a uniform and feels that they are coming to catch him. This intense anxiety is interfering with his work and relationship, and his friends are extremely concerned as it does not make any sense to them. Sundar occasionally laughs abruptly and inappropriately and sometimes stops speaking mid-sentence, scanning off in the distance as though he sees or hears something. He expresses concern about the television and radio in the room potentially being monitored by the enemies. His beliefs are fixed and if they are challenged, his tone becomes hostile.

Q1. Based on the symptoms being exhibited, identify the disorder. Explain the other symptoms that can be seen in this disorder.

Q2. Define delusion and inappropriate affect. Support it with the symptoms given in the above case study.

Read the case and answer the questions that follow.

Alfred Binet, in 1905, was requested by the French government to devise a method by which students who experienced difficulty in school could be identified. Binet and his colleague, Theodore Simon, began developing questions that focused on areas not explicitly taught in schools those days, such as memory, and attention skills related to problem-solving. Using these questions, Binet determined which were the ones that served as the best predictors of school success.

Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa. Based on this observation, Binet suggested the concept of mental age or a measure of intelligence based on the average abilities of children of a certain age group. This first intelligence test is referred to as the Binet-Simon Scale. He insisted that intelligence is influenced by many factors, it changes over time, and it can only be compared in children with similar backgrounds.

Q1 . Identify the approach on which the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale is based. Discuss its features.

Q2 . ‘Binet quickly realised that some children were able to answer more advanced questions than older children were generally able to answer and vice versa’. Why do individuals differ in intelligence? Using examples, give reasons for your answer.

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow :

All the Indian settlers were contemptuously and without distinction dubbed “coolies” and forbidden to walk on footpaths or be out at night without permits.

Mahatma Gandhi quickly discovered colour discrimination in South Africa and confronted the realisation that being Indian subjected him to it as well. At a particular train station, railway employees ordered him out of the carriage despite his possessing a first-class ticket. Then on the stagecoach for the next leg of his journey, the coachman, who was white, boxed his ears. A Johannesburg hotel also barred him from lodging there. Indians were commonly forbidden to own land in Natal, while ownership was more permissible for native-born people.

In 1894, the Natal Bar Association tried to reject Gandhi on the basis of race. He was nearly lynched in 1897 upon returning from India while disembarking from a ship moored at Durban after he, his family, and 600 other Indians had been forcibly quarantined, allegedly due to medical fears that they carried plague germs.

Q1. What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination ? On the

basis of the incidents in the above case study, identify a situation for each

which are examples of prejudice and discrimination.

Q2. What do you think could have been a source of these prejudices ? Explain

any two sources.

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Harish belonged to a family of four children, him being the eldest. Unlike any first born, he was not given the attention he should have had. His father worked as an accountant, while his mother stayed at home to look after the kids. He dropped out of school and could barely manage to get work for a little salary.

His relationship with his family played an important role in building his disposition. He felt a certain feeling of insecurity with his siblings, especially his brother Tarun, who was able to finish college because of parental support.

Due to the hopelessness Harish felt, he started engaging in drinking alcohol with his high school friends. Parental negligence caused emotional turmoil. He also had insomnia which he used as a reason for drinking every night.

Over time, Harish had to drink more to feel the effects of the alcohol. He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit.

In such a case, the school would be the ideal setting for early identification and intervention. In addition, his connection to school would be one of the most significant protective factors for substance abuse. His school implemented a variety of early intervention strategies which did not help him as he was irregular and soon left school. Some protective factors in school would be the ability to genuinely experience positive emotions through good communication.

(i)It has been found that certain family systems are likely to produce abnormal functioning in individual members.

In the light of the above statement, the factors underlying Harish's condition can be related to model.

(A) Humanistic

(B) Behavioural

(D) Psychodynamic

(ii) Over time, Harish needed to drink more before he could feel the effects of the alcohol. This means that he built a alcohol. towards the

(A) Withdrawal

(B) Tolerance

(D) All of the above

(iii)He got grouchy or shaky and had other symptoms when he was not able to drink or when he tried to quit. This refers to

(A) Low willpower symptoms.

(B) Addiction symptoms

(D) Tolerance symptoms

(iv) Which of the following is not true about substance related and addictive disorders?

(A) Alcoholism unites millions of families through social interactions and get-togethers.

(B) Intoxicated drivers are responsible for many road accidents.

(D) Excessive drinking can seriously damage physical health.

Read the given case carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Monty was only 16 years when he dealt with mixed emotions for every couple of months. He shares that sometimes he felt like he was on top of the world and that nobody could stop him. He would be extremely confident. Once these feelings subsided, he would become depressed and lock himself in the room. He would neither open the door for anyone nor come out.

He shares, "My grades were dropping as I started to breathe rapidly and worry about almost everything under the sun. I felt nervous, restless and tense, with an increased heart rate. My family tried to help but I wasn't ready to accept." His father took him to the doctor, who diagnosed him. Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. How can one differentiate that from a disorder? Watch out when one is hopeless and feels helpless. Or, when one is not able to control the powerful emotions. It has to be confirmed by a medical practitioner.

During his sessions, Monty tries to clear many myths. He gives his perspective of what he experienced and the treatment challenges. "When I was going through it, I wish I had met someone with similar experiences so that I could have talked to her/him and understood why I was behaving the way I was. By talking openly, I hope to help someone to cope with it and believe that it is going to be fine one day."

Now, for the last five years Monty has been off medication and he is leading a regular life. Society is opening up to address mental health issues in a positive way, but it always helps to listen to someone who has been through it.

(i)Monty's symptoms are likely to be those of

(A) ADHD and anxiety disorder

(B) Bipolar disorder and generalised anxiety disorder

(D) Schizophrenia

(ii) During his sessions, Monty tried to clear many myths. Which one of the following is a myth?

(A) Normality is the same as conformity to social norms.

(B) Adaptive behaviour is not simply maintenance and survival but also includes growth and fulfilment.

(D) Genetic and biochemical factors are involved in causing mental disorders.

(iii) With an understanding of Monty's condition, which of the following is a likely symptom he may also be experiencing?

(A) Frequent washing of hands

(B) Assuming alternate personalities

(D) Prolonged, vague, unexplained and intense fears that are not attached to any particular object

(iv) Teenage is a tough phase as teenagers face various emotional and psychological issues. The disorder manifested in the early stage of development is classified as,

(A) Feeding and eating disorder

(B) Trauma and stressor related disorder

(D) Somatic symptom disorder

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On what day CBSE Class 12 Psychology 2023 exam is? + As per the official schedule, the CBSE class 12 psychology exam will be conducted on 05th April 2023. It would a Wednesday.
Is it important to solve case study questions for CBSE Class 12 Psychology exam? + Yes, as per the updates made by the CBSE Board in the past few years, the psychology paper now carries case study questions. It is of 4 marks with multiple subparts. Thus, students are advised to practice case-based questions to score fully in this section.
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Why Red Lobster Went Bankrupt: COVID, Rising Costs—And Millions Lost On Endless Shrimp

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Red Lobster announced late Sunday it filed for bankruptcy, days after it began shuttering dozens of restaurants — after years of struggling with ownership turnover, plateauing sales and financial issues exacerbated by debt, the pandemic and an all-you-can-eat shrimp deal.

The seafood restaurant chain announced it filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy Sunday, less than a week ... [+] after mass closures of locations across the U.S. were reported.

Red Lobster said Sunday its restaurants will remain operational through the Chapter 11 bankruptcy process while closing some locations, which CEO Jonathan Tibus called “the best path forward” as the company reportedly hopes to use the bankruptcy process to reduce its debt load and get out of some pricey leases.

The seafood restaurant chain reported between $1 billion and $10 billion in debt in its bankruptcy filings , and CNBC reported its distributor Performance Food Group claims it owes more than $24 million alone.

Despite attempts at growth from multiple past owners, Red Lobster’s sales have largely stalled for the last decade, according to figures from the magazine Restaurant Business : Sales have sat between $2.3 billion and just over $2.5 billion every year since 2014 except for COVID-impacted 2020, when revenue dropped to $1.76 billion, in part because customers found themselves unable to dine in.

The company also has faced stiff competition from other fast-casual and fast food brands, including stalwarts like Chipotle and Chick-Fil-A as well as newer fast-growing chains like Cava and Sweetgreen.

Meanwhile, the entire restaurant industry has struggled to bounce back from the pandemic, as companies deal with rising labor costs caused by minimum wage hikes and a tight labor market, a three-year-long spike in wholesale food prices and a bout of inflation that has caused some consumers to limit how much they spend dining out.

Red Lobster’s current owner Thai Union has cited “industry headwinds” and “rising labor and material costs” for its decision to sell the chain this year.

But some of Red Lobster’s costs may be specific to the chain: The company spun off many of its real estate assets to finance an earlier owner’s acquisition of the chain in 2014, essentially turning the company into a renter, CNN notes .

The company also made its once-limited $20 “Ultimate Endless Shrimp” deal a permanent offering last year, a move it hoped would boost foot traffic—but the chain apparently underestimated how many customers would opt in, blaming the promotion for a more than $11 million operating loss in the third quarter of 2023.

Representatives for Red Lobster did not immediately respond to Forbes’ requests for comment.

Surprising Fact

In February, the seafood restaurant chain also announced it would offer an “ Endless Lobster Experience ” to 150 customers, according to CNN , though Red Lobster’s website still lists the opportunity as “ coming soon .”

What To Watch For

As part of the bankruptcy filing, the seafood restaurant chain said it plans to sell to an “entity formed and controlled by its existing term lenders.” The company also said it has received a $100 million commitment from its existing lenders.

Red Lobster began shuttering more than 50 locations across the U.S. on Tuesday.

More than 700. That’s how many locations Red Lobster has globally, according to its website . It is unclear whether Tuesday’s announcement of restaurant closures were included in this figure, but Forbes has contacted Red Lobster for more information.

Key Background

The seafood restaurant chain opened its first location in Lakeland, Florida in 1968, and began rapidly expanding in 1970 after receiving support from General Mills. General Mills eventually spun it off its restaurant division, dubbed Darden Restaurants—named after Red Lobster founder Bill Darden —in 1995. Darden Restaurants, which owns other chains like Olive Garden and Longhorn Steakhouse, sold Red Lobster to Golden Gate Capital in 2014 for $2.1 billion. In 2020, Golden Gate Capital then sold its remaining stake in the seafood restaurant chain to Thailand-based Thai Union. Thai Union announced it would divest from the chain by the end of 2024, citing the pandemic, inflation and rising costs in a Jan. 16 statement . The seafood restaurant chain has also struggled with executive turnover as of late—reportedly cycling through five CEOs since 2021—and appointed Jonathan Tibus as its most recent in late March—who has overseen the restructuring of multiple other embattled restaurant chains, including Kona Grill and Quiznos . Reports circulated that Red Lobster was eyeing bankruptcy in mid-April, and CNBC reported that it was seeking a buyer to avoid such a filing.

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The seafood restaurant chain announced it filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy Sunday, less than a week after mass closures of locations across the U.S. were reported.

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