The dynamics of empirically derived factors in the therapeutic relationship
Affiliation.
- 1 St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute, MO 63124, USA. [email protected]
- PMID: 18246764
- DOI: 10.1177/000306510705500411
The therapeutic relationship is the source of major concepts in psychoanalytic clinical theory. Such concepts as resistance, transference, countertransference, and the alliance are fundamental, even though there may be shifts in meaning between theoretical schools and clinical contexts. In the clinical psychoanalytic literature, disagreement exists over the nature of the alliance and its essential components. Empirical studies using reliable patient, therapist, and observer scales to assess the alliance demonstrate a correlation with psychotherapeutic gains. In the study reported here, thirteen patients were followed for 6 to 33 months of psychodynamic psychotherapy, during which time their views of the therapeutic relationship were assessed, and several experiential measures taken, all on a weekly basis. Statistical analyses reveal that the therapeutic relationship, as reflected in the patients' weekly responses to the St. Louis Therapeutic Relationship Rating Scale, has four distinct components: therapeutic alliance, resistance, transference love, and negative transference. On a week-by-week basis, the therapeutic alliance was the strongest predictor of improvement in patient-reported general adjustment, as reflected in such areas as self-esteem, positive affect, social relations, work productivity, satisfaction, and optimism. Time plots of the variables show the typical time course for the components of the therapeutic relationship, as well as for improvement on the experiential variables. Results indicate that the therapeutic alliance, transference, and resistance are central components of the psychotherapeutic relationship, which in turn predict the ongoing life experience of the patient.
Publication types
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Adaptation, Psychological
- Defense Mechanisms
- Empiricism*
- Follow-Up Studies
- Middle Aged
- Object Attachment
- Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
- Patient Satisfaction
- Physician-Patient Relations*
- Psychoanalytic Theory*
- Psychoanalytic Therapy*
- Transference, Psychology
COMMENTS
9. Empirical research _____the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes. a. downplays b. exaggerates c. consistently supports d. inconsistently supports
Consequently, this summary highlights empirical research that strongly and consistently supports the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcome. After a summary of research on extratherapeutic factors, specific therapeutic techniques, and relationship factors, practice and research ...
Special Section Aim. Our call for this Special Section in Psychotherapy Research identified a preference for empirical studies or review manuscripts that introduce innovative research methodologies, as well as clinical intervention studies. We were interested in how core elements of the therapeutic relationship such as expressed empathy, alliance, collaboration, and empiricism covary in CBT ...
Emphasis is on the unfolding of the client-therapist interaction and the development of the therapeutic relationship in their case study, rather than on discrete relationship variables (e.g., empathy, alliance, self-disclosure) or on schools of psychotherapy. In examining the process of change in the case studies, the authors of each chapter ...
The place of the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy research is presented in a historical framework, followed by a brief review of the major research themes within this topic and a review of what is covered in this special section.
therapeutic relationship was the theoretical work of. Luborsky (1976) and Bordin (1976, 1980, 1994). Their elaboration and extension of Greenson (1965) and Zetzel's (1956) work on the ...
The chapter summarizes empirical research on the impact of therapeutic relationship on the process and outcome of psychotherapy. It supplies some clinical guidelines to guide cognitive behavioral therapists in the use of therapeutic relationship as they deliver CBT, illustrating some of these guidelines with exemplars from clinical practice ...
In the psychodynamic approach, the therapeutic relationship stands at the core of the therapeutic process and constitutes a key factor of the effectiveness of treatment. As such, highlighting the psychodynamic components associated with the therapeutic relationship can help reinforce the role of counseling and clinical psychologists, by offering a broader understanding of the various dynamic ...
This article is a systematic review of studies of the counseling relationship intended to identify the present empirical understanding of this essential element of counseling. Using the multidimensional model proposed by Gelso & Carter, empirical support for the "real, " "unreal, " and "working alliance" elements of the relationship are summarized.
One of the appealing features of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is the collaborative, straightforward, and action-oriented style of the therapeutic relationship that it employs. Although the relationship between therapist and patient is not considered to be the principal mechanism for change as in some other forms of psychotherapy, a good working alliance is a critically important part of ...
Drawing on contemporary evidence in the counselling and psychotherapy research field, this paper argues that there is growing support for a relationship-orientated approach to therapeutic practice ...
Empirical research _____the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes. strongly and consistently supports. According to professional ethical principles on testing, it would be unethical for a counselor to:
E-mail: [email protected]. ISSN 1050-3307 print/ISSN 1468-4381 online # 2005 Society for Psychotherapy Research DOI: 10.1080/10503300512331339143.
The therapeutic relationship is the source of major concepts in psychoanalytic clinical theory. Such concepts as resistance, transference, countertransference, and the alliance are fundamental, even though there may be shifts in meaning between theoretical schools and clinical contexts. In the clinical psychoanalytic literature, disagreement ...
The place of the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy research is presented in a historical framework, followed by a brief review of the major research themes within this topic and a review of what is covered in this special section. Some of the strengths of this body of work, as well as the potential challenges arising out of the re-emergence of the alliance as a pan-theoretical concept ...
The Therapeutic Relationship in Humanistic Therapy. Rogers (69) holds that the therapist's primary effectiveness is through the therapeutic relationship. The therapist must show empathy to the client, be genuine with the client, and have unconditional positive regard for the client. Showing empathy requires understanding the client's feelings ...
Empirical research strongly and consistently supports the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes. true. Judging the appropriate amount of self-disclosure is only a problem for new counselors. false.
"A lucid and informative presentation that underscores the centrality of the therapeutic relationship. Discusses such key concepts as the underlying empirical research, the essential factors in training, therapist self-disclosure,and the clinical conditions where the authentic relationship is most crucial. Norcross is an excellent teacher; I ...
We can operationally define the client-therapist relationship as the feelings and attitudes that therapist and client have toward one another and how these are expressed. This definition is general but concise, reasonably consensual, and theoretically neutral. My aim in this chapter is to traverse the empirical research on what works in the therapeutic relationship and to translate that ...
Empirical research _____the centrality of the therapeutic relationship as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes. and more. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 26. Contemporary theories are grounded in values that emphasize, 1. Contemporary theories of counseling:, 9.