hopkins undergraduate research journal

Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal

Welcome to Hurj .

The Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal (HURJ) was the first interdisciplinary undergraduate research journal on the Homewood campus and one of the first undergraduate research journals in North America. HURJ proudly showcases incredible research done by Hopkins students within the fields of the  sciences , humanities , social sciences , and engineering . HURJ is a student-run research journal that offers students from Hopkins the opportunity to share their findings to the global community.

The journal distinguishes itself with its rigorous editorial process; we hold our articles to a high standard of scientific acumen and writing quality: each incoming submission is first revised by our student editorial board. 

Our diverse editors, united by the goal to promote undergraduate research, are involved in all journal operations, from soliciting research articles to coordinating with authors throughout the editing process and launching the journal. We encourage anyone with strong writing and editing skills and an academic interest in research to apply.

In addition to providing students with the opportunity to participate directly in the publication process, HURJ is always looking for ways to encourage student involvement in all things research. 

For HURJ Updates, please follow our  facebook   link.

Alyssa Kassouf Co-Editor-In-Chief

Ranjani Ramasubramanian Co-Editor-In-Chief

Gopi Patel Assistant Editor-In-Chief

Eric Lin Head of Finance

Head STEM Copy Editor

Raymond Perez Head Humanities Copy Editor

Cammy Tang Head of Marketing

Amrita Balram

Layout editor.

Phillip Sumardi

Chayeon Amy Son

Humanities copy editor, marketing.

Sheila Iyer

Esther Ng Head of Layout

Humanities Copy Editor

Dixsheta Muralikrishnan

Fanny Borukhova

Anusha Sarkar

Samhita Vasu

Hannah Yamagata

Stem, humanities copy editor.

Sejean Yang

Stem copy editor.

Muhammad Abidi 

Jenlu Panotta

Emily Nakayama

Blair Chang

Stanley Zhu

Mimi Mensah

Submitting to hurj ., previous examples.

Please follow our ISSUU link   for access to our previous journals.

Guidelines for submitting your manuscript

Submissions for our 2020-21 issue are now open until 12/01.

Please submit through this form:  https:/tinyurl.com/jhuhurj

[email protected]

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• Undergraduate Research

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As  America’s first research university , we have been tackling difficult questions and finding answers since 1876.

Every day, our faculty and students work side by side in a tireless pursuit of discovery, continuing our founding mission to bring knowledge to the world. Whether you study engineering, chemistry, music, anthropology, or all of the above, every student here—no matter his or her major—is an investigator.

You can find research in whatever field you want because everyone here is doing some sort of research, and you can help out.

Explore supernovae alongside a Nobel laureate. Learn how to make music with lasers . Create devices that will save lives in impoverished countries . Take a grand tour of the cities that inspired some of the Western world’s great thinkers—Venice, Florence, Paris, or London.

At Hopkins, you can do all of the above. The possibilities are limited only by your imagination.

Two juniors named Goldwater Scholars

Program funds undergraduate summer research experiences

Rising senior earns Beinecke Scholarship

Programs & fellowships.

• Provost’s Undergraduate Research Awards : Receive up to $3,000 and be paired with a full-time faculty sponsor for research on any topic of your choosing
• Woodrow Wilson Undergraduate Research Fellowship Program : Engage in hands-on, independent learning with faculty mentors and receive funding of up to $10,000 over four years
• ASPIRE grants : Promote independent research projects among undergrads in the School of Arts and Sciences; awards range from $500 to $4,500 per academic year

Learn more:

• Hopkins Office of Undergraduate Research
• Student research opportunities at the School of Engineering
• Student research opportunities at the School of Arts and Sciences

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Student Publications

Epidemic Proportions Undergraduate Public Health Journal

HURJ – Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal 

Out of the Blue Jay – A Literary and Arts Magazine

Prometheus – Hopkins Undergraduate Philosophy Journal 

Triple Helix Science and Society Publication 

Zeniada Poetry and Art Magazine 

If you represent another Hopkins undergraduate journal and would like it featured here, please email us at [email protected] . Be sure to include the complete name of the publication and a valid URL to access.

Email: [email protected]

Virtual Office Hours: Monday – Friday, 3-4pm Eastern via Zoom

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The Neuroscience Undergraduate Research Journal

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The mission statement of the Neuroscience Undergraduate Research Journal (NURJ) has two primary aims: 1. Highlight the Undergraduate Neuroscience Research Experience 2. Deepen, Further, and Inspire Undergraduate Neuroscience Research

Getting to work with a group of undergraduates who are interested in pushing the boundaries of what’s currently understood about neuroscience and its notable subfields: computational, systemic, cellular and molecular, and cognitive! Members are free to publish their blog or manuscript writings on the NURJ website (www.nurj.net) and get featured on the NURJ instagram page (@jhunurj).

Undergraduate Research

A framework for understanding the world around us.

Founded as the nation’s first research university, Hopkins continues to lead with more research and development funding than any other institution in the United States. It shapes how we think and interact with the world, and can happen in a library, lab, studio, stream, outer space, or anywhere you’re pursuing the creation of new knowledge. All undergraduate students have the opportunity to pursue research throughout their time at Hopkins, starting as early as their first year. They can work alongside our world-class faculty, partner with researchers throughout the Hopkins network, or seek out ways to pursue research of their own design.  Whether you’re working on a research project or learning in the classroom, being in a research-oriented environment helps you:

• Ask thoughtful questions
• Explore and connect ideas
• Test your theories
• Communicate your findings
• #1 Research and Development Funding in the U.S.
• $3.4B Annual Research Funding
• 80% Undergraduates With at Least One Formal Research Experience

Resources to get you started

Hopkins supports students in finding and funding research opportunities. Through the Hopkins Office for Undergraduate Research (HOUR) , you can apply for grants to further your ideas.

Create Knowledge

Publish Your Work

An important part of doing research is sharing your knowledge. Our students are publishing books, producing films, presenting at national conferences, and contributing to their fields of study.

Make Something Real

Our students have the opportunity to collaborate with classmates to develop new products, secure patents, and take their designs to market.

Solve Problems

Research teaches you how to ask thoughtful questions and use what you find to make an impact. Our students get involved in projects that have real-world implications and work to solve challenges big and small.

The Intersection of Creativity & Impact

Humanities and Research for All

A $1.9 million Humanities for All grant from the Mellon Foundation enabled the Krieger School of Arts & Sciences to start a lecture series on the importance of humanities research. Through these events, students share their research and inspire future humanists.

Fateh Z., ‘24

Public Health Studies & Economics

Learning Alongside the Very Best

As a rising sophomore, Fateh Z. worked alongside Bloomberg Distinguished Professor Kathryn McDonald—an internationally recognized expert in health care quality and patient safety—on a research project examining how race, gender, ethnicity, and other visible factors impact medical misdiagnoses.

Mufasa C., ‘24

Political Science

Art Installation Memorializes the Thousands of Lives Lost at the U.S.-Mexico Border

Inspired by his family’s immigration story, a political science student volunteered with the Archaeological Museum to create an art installation memorializing the lives of migrants who died crossing the Sonoran Desert.

Paper Museums Class

Hopkins undergraduates organize exhibit at baltimore museum of art.

Students from local universities organized a 100-piece exhibition on artists’ books for the Baltimore Museum of Art. Through meetings with museum staff, they learned the logistics of mounting an exhibition and wrote the label texts for the books.

Support for your ideas

After you declare your major, you’ll be assigned a faculty mentor—an expert in your department who will help you discover courses that fit your interests and opportunities to put your learning into practice.

Undergraduate Research FAQ

Find answers to the most frequently asked questions about doing research as an undergraduate.

Are there research opportunities for undergraduates?

Yes. You can participate in research as early as your first year. For help finding opportunities, visit HOUR .

What majors can participate in research?

All majors across the Krieger School of Arts & Sciences and the Whiting School of Engineering can participate in research.

What kind of time commitment is there for research?

It depends on the project and the number of research credits you register for. Most students commit eight to ten hours a week to their research during the semester, but you can also do more full-time research during the summer and some study abroad experiences.

How do I find a research mentor?

HOUR has guidance for approaching faculty members about research opportunities. We recommend you look around departmental websites and make a list of faculty members you’re interested in working with based on their research background. Then, reach out to them via email or schedule a meeting to see whether they have any availability in their project.

Can I do research while I am studying abroad?

Yes. Many students participate in university-led or independent research projects abroad. This is an opportunity to pursue your interests through an international lens, immersing yourself in another culture while working to create new knowledge. For more information and eligibility requirements, visit the Global Education Office .

Research Insider

A Blessing in Disguise: Finding Mentorship in an Unexpected Way

Clay dolls, minecraft, and flight electronics at nasa—how hopkins helped me find my path, economic odyssey: a journey with my mentor, conversations with a hopkins alum: juliann susas, ’19, quick links:.

• Majors, Minors & Programs
• Application Deadlines & Requirements
• College Planning Guide

Department of Economics

• Research Groups

Our faculty has structured the department to have strong coverage in applied microeconomics, econometrics, economic theory, finance, and macroeconomics. Within these areas, our faculty work on a wide range of topics in economics important to the country and the world. Some of our most impactful work focuses on:

• The US and global financing system
• How unemployment affects workers and the economy
• Causes and consequences of economic inequality and poverty
• Household economic choices and economic behavior
• The importance of game theory and political economy to understanding economic outcomes

By focusing on these five core areas, particularly at the graduate level, the department offers a unique, specific educational experience. Aside from traditional coursework, research, and special lectures (including the Distinguished Lectures in Economics and the Newcomb Lectures), the department holds three weekly seminars to encourage collaboration and communication within these five disciplines. The seminars attract top scholars from throughout the world to discuss their work and also provide a forum for faculty and students to present their recent research.

The department also has a set of weekly brown bag seminars where graduate students present their research to their fellow students and the faculty.

Research Highlights

Unemployment and the economy.

The Supplemental Expenditure Poverty Measure: A New Method for Measuring Poverty

Robert Moffitt and John Fitzgerald

Brookings Papers on Economic Activity

economic behavior

Hybrid decision model and the ranking of experiments.

Edi Karni and Zvi Safra

Journal of Mathematical Economics

Comparative Incompleteness: Measurement, Behavioral Manifestations and Elicitation

Edi Karni and Marie-Louise Vierø

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

U.S. and global financing system

Due Diligence

Brendan Daley, Thomas Geelen, and Brett Green

The Journal of Finance

Market Power in Neoclassical Growth Models

Laurence Ball and Gregory Mankiw

The Review of Economic Studies

Threats to Central Bank Independence: High-Frequency Identification with Twitter

Francesco Bianchi, Roberto Gomez-Cram, Thilo Kind, and Howard Kung

Journal of Monetary Economics

Forthcoming

Understanding U.S. Inflation During the COVID Era

Laurence Ball, Daniel Leigh, and Prachi Mishra

Diagnostic Business Cycles

Francesco Bianchi, Cosmin Ilut, and Hikaru Saijo

Designing Securities for Scrutiny

Brendan Daley, Brett Green, and Victoria Vanasco

The Review of Financial Studies

Belief Distortions and Macroeconomic Fluctuations

Francesco Bianchi, Sydney Ludvigson, and Sai Ma

American Economic Review

game theory and political economy

Centralized matching with incomplete information.

Marcelo Ariel Fernandez, Kirill Rudov, and Leeat Yariv

American Economic Review: Insights

Misclassification Errors In Labor Force Statuses and the Early Identification of Economic Recessions

Jiandong Sun, Shuaizhang Feng, and Yingyao Hu

Journal of Asian Economics

Missing Events in Event Studies: Identifying the Effects of Partially Measured News Surprises

Refet S. Gürkaynak, Burçin Kisacikoğlu, and Jonathan H. Wright

Revealed Preferences over Risk and Uncertainty

Matthew Polisson, John K.-H. Quah, and Ludovic Renou

economic inequality and poverty

Genetic endowments and wealth inequality.

Daniel Barth, Nicholas W. Papageorge, and Kevin Thom

Journal of Political Economy

Bargaining and News

Brendan Daley and Brett Green

Macroprudential Regulation Versus Mopping Up After the Crash

Olivier Jeanne and Anton Korinek

A Mechanisms for Eliciting Second-Order Beliefs and the Inclination to Choose

American Economic Journal: Microeconomics

The Fed and Lehman Brothers: Setting the Record Straight on a Financial Disaster (book)

Laurence Ball

Expected Inflation and Other Determinants of Treasury Yields

Gregory R. Duffee

The Distribution of Wealth and the Marginal Propensity to Consume

Christopher Carroll, Jiri Slacalek, Kiichi Tokuoka, and Matthew N. White

Quantitative Economics

The Economics of Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States, Vol. 1 (book)

Robert Moffitt

Isolated Capital Cities, Accountability, and Corruption:  Evidence from U.S. States

Filipe R. Campante and Quoc-Anh Do

Mandatory vs. Discretionary Spending:  The Status Quo Effect

T. Renee Bowen, Ying Chen, and Hülya Eraslan

The Review of Higher Education

Penny A. Pasque, The Ohio State University; Thomas F. Nelson Laird, Indiana University, Bloomington

Journal Details

The Review of Higher Education  is interested in empirical research studies, empirically-based historical and theoretical articles, and scholarly reviews and essays that move the study of colleges and universities forward. The most central aspect of  RHE  is the saliency of the subject matter to other scholars in the field as well as its usefulness to academic leaders and public policymakers. Manuscripts submitted for  RHE  need to extend the literature in the field of higher education and may connect across fields and disciplines when relevant. Selection of articles for publication is based solely on the merits of the manuscripts with regards to conceptual or theoretical frameworks, methodological accurateness and suitability, and/or the clarity of ideas and gathered facts presented. Additionally, our publications center around issues within US Higher Education and any manuscript that we send for review must have clear implications for US Higher Education. 

Guidelines for Contributors

Manuscripts should be typed, serif or san serif text as recommended by APA 7th edition (e.g., 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, and 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode, 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, 10-point Computer Modern) double-spaced throughout, including block quotes and references. Each page should be numbered on the top right side of the page consecutively and include a running head. Please supply the title of your submission, an abstract of 100 or fewer words, and keywords as the first page of your manuscript submission (this page does not count towards your page limit). The names, institutional affiliations, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and a short biography of authors should appear on a separate cover page to aid proper masking during the review process. Initial and revised submissions should not run more than 32 pages (excluding abstract, keywords, and references; including tables, figures and appendices). Authors should follow instructions in the 7th edition Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association; any manuscripts not following all APA guidelines will not be reviewed. Please do not change fonts, spacing, or margins or use style formatting features at any point in the manuscript except for tables. All tables should be submitted in a mutable format (i.e. not a fixed image). Please upload your manuscript as a word document. All supporting materials (i.e., tables, figures, appendices) should be editable in the manuscript or a separate word document (i.e., do not embedded tables or figures). For a fixed image, please upload a separate high-resolution JPEG.

Authors should use their best judgment when masking citations. Masking some or all citations that include an author’s name can help prevent reviewers from knowing the identities of the authors. However, in certain circumstances masking citations is unnecessary or could itself reveal the identities of manuscript authors. Because authors are in the best position to know when masking citations will be effective, the editorial team will generally defer to them for these decisions.

Manuscripts are to be submitted in Word online at  mc.manuscriptcentral.com/rhe . (If you have not previously registered on this website, click on the “Register here” link to create a new account.) Once you log on, click on the “Author Center” link and then follow the printed instructions to submit your manuscript.

The term “conflict of interest” means any financial or other interest which conflicts with the work of the individual because it (1) could significantly impair the individual’s objectivity or (2) could create an unfair advantage for any person or organization. We recommend all authors review and adhere to the ASHE Conflict of Interest Policy before submitting any and all work. Please refer to the policy at  ashe.ws/ashe_coi

Please note that  The Review of Higher Education  does not require potential contributors to pay an article submission fee in order to be considered for publication.  Any other website that purports to be affiliated with the Journal and that requires you to pay an article submission fee is fraudulent. Do not provide payment information. Instead, we ask that you contact the  RHE  editorial office at  [email protected]  or William Breichner the Journals Publisher at the Johns Hopkins University Press  [email protected] .

Author Checklist for New Submissions

Page Limit.  Manuscripts should not go over 32 pages (excluding abstract, keywords, and references; including tables, figures and appendices.)

Masked Review.  All author information (i.e., name, affiliation, email, phone number, address) should appear on a separate cover page of the manuscript. The manuscript should have no indication of authorship. Any indication of authorship will result in your manuscript being unsubmitted.

Formatting.  Manuscripts should be typed, serif or san serif text as recommended by APA 7th edition (e.g., 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, and 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode, 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, 10-point Computer Modern), double-spaced throughout, including block quotes and references, and each page should be numbered on the top right side of the page consecutively. Authors should follow instructions in the 7th edition Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association; this includes running heads, heading levels, spacing, margins, etc.. Any manuscripts not following APA 7th edition will be unsubmitted. [Please note, the  RHE  editorial team recommends 12-pt Times New Roman font to ensure proper format conversion within the ScholarOne system.]

Abstract.  All manuscripts must include an abstract of 100 words or fewer, and keywords as the first page of your manuscript submission (this page does not count towards your page limit).

Author Note.  An Author’s note may include Land Acknowledgments, Disclosure Statement (i.e., funding sources), or other acknowledgments. This should appear on your title page (not in the masked manuscript).  

Tables.  All tables should be editable. Tables may be uploaded in the manuscript itself or in a separate word document. All tables must be interpretable by readers without the reference to the manuscript. Do not duplicate information from the manuscript into tables. Tables must present additional information from what has already been stated in the manuscript.

Figures.  Figures should be editable in the manuscript or a separate word document (i.e., no embedded tables). For fixed images, please upload high-resolution JPEGs separately.

References.  The reference page should follow 7th edition APA guidelines and be double spaced throughout (reference pages do not count toward your page limit). 

Appendices.  Appendices should generally run no more than 3 manuscript pages. 

Additional Checklist for Revised Submissions

Revised manuscripts should follow the checklist above, with the following additional notes: 

Page Limit.  Revised manuscripts should stay within the page limit for new submissions (32 pages). However, we do realize that this is not always possible, and we may allow for a couple of extra pages for your revisions. Extensions to your page length will be subject to editor approval upon resubmission, but may not exceed 35 pages (excluding abstract, keywords, and references).

• Author Response to Reviewer Comments.  At the beginning of your revised manuscript file, please include a separate masked statement that indicates fully [1] all changes that have been made in response to the reviewer and editor suggestions and the pages on which those changes may be found in the revised manuscript and [2] those reviewer and editor suggestions that are not addressed in the revised manuscript and a rationale for why you think such revisions are not necessary. This can be in the form of a table or text paragraphs and must appear at the front of your revised manuscript document. Your response to reviewer and editor comments will not count toward your manuscript page limit. Please note that, because you will be adding your response to the reviewer and editor feedback to the beginning of your submission, this may change the page numbers of your document unless you change the pagination and start your manuscript itself on page 1. The choice is yours but either way, please ensure that you reference the appropriate page numbers within your manuscript in these responses. Additionally, when you submit your revised manuscript, there will be a submission box labeled “Author Response to Decision Letter”. You are not required to duplicate information already provided in the manuscript, but instead may use this to send a note to the reviewer team (e.g., an anonymous cover letter or note of appreciation for feedback). Please maintain anonymity throughout the review process by NOT including your name or by masking any potentially identifying information when providing your response to the reviewer's feedback (both in documents and the ScholarOne system).

Editorial Correspondence

Please address all correspondence about submitting articles (no subscriptions, please) to one or both of the following editors:

Dr. Penny A. Pasque, PhD Editor, Review of Higher Education 341 C Ramseyer Hall 29 W. Woodruff Avenue The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 email:  [email protected]

Dr. Thomas F. Nelson Laird, PhD Editor, Review of Higher Education 201 North Rose Avenue Indiana University School of Education Bloomington, IN 47405-100 email:  [email protected]

Submission Policy

RHE publishes original works that are not available elsewhere. We ask that all manuscripts submitted to our journal for review are not published, in press or submitted to other journals while under our review. Additionally, reprints and translations of previously published articles will not be accepted.

Type of Preliminary Review

RHE utilizes a collaborative review process that requires several members of the editorial team to ensure that submitted manuscripts are suitable before being sent out for masked peer-review. Members of this team include a Editor, Associate Editor and Managing Editors. Managing Editors complete an initial review of manuscripts to ensure authors meet RHE ’s Author Guidelines and work with submitting authors to address preliminary issues and concerns (i.e., APA formatting). Editors and Associate Editors work together to decide whether it should be sent out for review and select appropriate reviewers for the manuscript.

Type of Review

When a manuscript is determined as suitable for review by the collaborative decision of the editorial team, Editors and/or Associate Editors will assign reviewers. Both the authors’ and reviewers’ are masked throughout the review and decision process.

Criteria for Review

Criteria for review include, but are not limited to, the significance of the topic to higher education, completeness of the literature review, appropriateness of the research methods or historical analysis, and the quality of the discussion concerning the implications of the findings for theory, research, and practice. In addition, we look for the congruence of thought and approach throughout the manuscript components.

Type of Revisions Process

Some authors will receive a “Major Revision” or “Minor Revision” decision. Authors who receive such decisions are encouraged to carefully attend to reviewer’s comments and recommendations and resubmit their revised manuscripts for another round of reviews. When submitting their revised manuscripts, authors are asked to include a response letter and indicate how they have responded to reviewer comments and recommendations. In some instances, authors may be asked to revise and resubmit a manuscript more than once.

Review Process Once Revised

Revised manuscripts are sent to the reviewers who originally made comments and recommendations regarding the manuscript, whenever possible. We rely on our editorial board and ad-hoc reviewers who volunteer their time and we give those reviewers a month to provide thorough feedback. Please see attached pdf for a visual representation of the RHE workflow .

Timetable (approx.)

• Managing Editor Technical Checks – 1-3 days
• Editor reviews and assigns manuscript to Associate Editors – 3-5 days
• Associate Editor reviews and invites reviewers – 3-5 days
• Reviewer comments due – 30 days provided for reviews
• Associate Editor makes a recommendation –  5-7 days
• Editor makes decision – 5-7 days
• If R&R, authors revise and resubmit manuscript – 90 days provided for revisions
• Repeat process above until manuscript is accepted or rejected -

Type of review for book reviews

Book reviews are the responsibility of the associate editor of book reviews. Decisions about acceptance of a book review are made by that associate editor.

The Hopkins Press Journals Ethics and Malpractice Statement can be found at the ethics-and-malpractice  page.

The Review of Higher Education expects all authors to review and adhere to ASHE’s Conflict of Interest Policy before submitting any and all work. The term “conflict of interest” means any financial or other interest which conflicts with the work of the individual because it (1) could significantly impair the individual’s objectivity or (2) could create an unfair advantage for any person or organization. Please refer to the policy at ashe.ws/ashe_coi .

Guidelines for Book Reviews

RHE publishes book reviews of original research, summaries of research, or scholarly thinking in book form. We do not publish reviews of books or media that would be described as expert opinion or advice for practitioners.

The journal publishes reviews of current books, meaning books published no more than 12 months prior to submission to the associate editor in charge of book reviews.

If you want to know whether the RHE would consider a book review before writing it, you may email the associate editor responsible for book reviews with the citation for the book.

Reviewers should have scholarly expertise in the higher education research area they are reviewing.

Graduate students are welcome to co-author book reviews, but with faculty or seasoned research professionals as first authors.

Please email the review to the associate editor in charge of book reviews (Timothy Reese Cain, [email protected] ), who will work through necessary revisions with you if your submission is accepted for publishing.

In general, follow the APA Publication Manual, 7th edition.

Provide a brief but clear description and summary of the contents so that the reader has a good idea of the scope and organization of the book. This is especially important when reviewing anthologies that include multiple sections with multiple authors.

Provide an evaluation of the book, both positive and negative points. What has been done well? Not so well? For example the following are some questions that you can address (not exclusively), as appropriate:

What are the important contributions that this book makes?

What contributions could have been made, but were not made?

What arguments or claims were problematic, weak, etc.?

How is the book related to, how does it supplement, or how does it complicate current work on the topic?

To which audience(s) will this book be most helpful?

How well has the author achieved their stated goals?

Use quotations efficiently to provide a flavor of the writing style and/or statements that are particularly helpful in illustrating the author(s) points. 

If you cite any other published work, please provide a complete reference.

Please include a brief biographical statement immediately after your name, usually title and institution. Follow the same format for co authored reviews. The first author is the contact author.

Please follow this example for the headnote of the book(s) you are reviewing: Stefan M. Bradley. Upending the Ivory Tower: Civil Rights, Black Power, and the Ivy League. New York: New York University Press, 2018. 465 pp. $35. ISBN 97814798739999.

Our preferred length is 2,000–2,500 words in order for authors to provide a complete, analytical, review. Reviews of shorter books may not need to be of that length.

The term “conflict of interest” means any financial or other interest which conflicts with the work of the individual because it (1) could significantly impair the individual’s objectivity or (2) could create an unfair advantage for any person or organization. We recommend all book reviewers read and adhere to the ASHE Conflict of Interest Policy before submitting any and all work. Please refer to the policy at ashe.ws/ashe_coi

NOTE: If the Editor has sent a book to an author for review, but the author is unable to complete the review within a reasonable timeframe, we would appreciate the return of the book as soon as possible; thanks for your understanding.

Please send book review copies to the contact above. Review copies received by the Johns Hopkins University Press office will be discarded.

Penny A. Pasque,         The Ohio State University

Thomas F. Nelson Laird,         Indiana University-Bloomington

Associate Editors

Angela Boatman,         Boston College

Timothy Reese Cain (including Book Reviews),         University of Georgia

Milagros Castillo-Montoya,         University of Connecticut

Tania D. Mitchell,         University of Minnesota

Chrystal A. George Mwangi       George Mason University

Federick Ngo,        University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Managing Editors

Stephanie Nguyen,         Indiana University Bloomington

Monica Quezada Barrera,         The Ohio State University

Editorial Board

Sonja Ardoin,         Clemson University

Peter Riley Bahr,        University of Michigan

Vicki Baker,      Albion College

Allison BrckaLorenz,        Indiana University Bloomington

Nolan L. Cabrera,        The University of Arizona

Brendan Cantwell,        Michigan State University

Rozana Carducci,        Elon University

Deborah Faye Carter,         Claremont Graduate University

Ashley Clayton,         Louisiana State University

Regina Deil-Amen,         The University of Arizona 

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Also of Interest

Vasti Torres, Indiana University

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Jeraldine Kraver, University of Northern Colorado; Peter Kratzke, University of Colorado, Boulder

Chrysogonus Siddha Malilang, Malmö University, Sweden

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Vyacheslav Shokurov

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Research Interests:  Algebraic geometry

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Vyacheslav Shokurov is a professor in the Department of Mathematics at Johns Hopkins and specializes in algebraic geometry. 

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Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal (HURJ) article submissions

By Hub staff report

Do you like research? Do you want to get your findings across to the entire Hopkins community? The Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal is looking for articles to be published in our Fall 2016 Issue! Articles can be in any discipline of your choosing and are due on Friday, October 28th! Articles can be about original research or a write-up about an interesting research study. Here are the different sections you can submit to: 1) Natural Sciences and Engineering Original research in scientific paper format (abstract, introduction, materials and methods, etc.) or review articles on specific topics in the natural sciences or engineering. (~2000 words) 2) Humanities and Social Sciences Original research conducted with a faculty member, research term papers, or review articles on specific topics in humanities or social sciences. (~2000 words) Please send submissions to [email protected] For reference, check out previous issues at http://issuu.com/hurj

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• May 8, 2024

Congratulations to the 2024 AGA Research Foundation awardees!

The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) is proud to announce that it has selected 79 recipients to receive research funding through the annual AGA Research Foundation Awards Program . The program serves as a catalyst for discovery and career growth among the most promising researchers in gastroenterology and hepatology.

“This year’s awardees are an exceptional group of investigators who are committed to furthering patient care through research,” said Michael Camilleri, MD, AGAF, chair, AGA Research Foundation. “The AGA Research Foundation is proud to fund these investigators and their ongoing efforts to advance GI research at a critical time in their careers. We believe the Foundation’s investment will ultimately enable new discoveries in gastroenterology and hepatology that will benefit patients.”

Treatment options for digestive diseases begin with vigorous research. The AGA Research Foundation supports medical investigators as they advance our understanding of gastrointestinal and liver conditions.

Meet the recipients

Research scholar awards.

AGA RESEARCH SCHOLAR AWARD   

• Karen Jane Dunbar, PhD, Columbia University, New York, New York
• Aaron Hecht, MD, PhD, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• Sarah Maxwell, MD, University of California, San Francisco
• Chung Sang Tse, MD, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• Jason (Yanjia) Zhang, MD, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Massachusetts

AGA-BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB RESEARCH SCHOLAR AWARD IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

• Joseph R Burclaff, PhD, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

SPECIALTY AWARDS

AGA-CAROLINE CRAIG AUGUSTYN & DAMIAN AUGUSTYN AWARD IN DIGESTIVE CANCER

• Swathi Eluri, MD, MSCR, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

AGA-R. ROBERT & SALLY FUNDERBURG RESEARCH AWARD IN GASTRIC CANCER

• Jianwen Que, MD, PhD, Columbia University, New York, New York

AGA-PFIZER FELLOWSHIP-TO-FACULTY TRANSITION AWARD

• Lianna Wood, MD, PhD, Boston Children’s Hospital, Massachusetts

AGA-IRONWOOD FELLOWSHIP-TO-FACULTY TRANSITION AWARD

• ZeNan Li Chang, MD, PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

PILOT AWARDS

AGA PILOT RESEARCH AWARD

• Linda C. Cummings, MD, MS, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
• Pooja Mehta, MD, MSCS, University of Colorado Denver
• Guilherme Piovezani Ramos, MD, Boston Children’s Hospital
• Simon Schwoerer, PhD, University of Chicago, Illinois
• Yankai Wen, PhD, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

AGA-PFIZER PILOT RESEARCH AWARD IN NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS

• Alice Cheng, PhD, Stanford University, California
• Petra Hirsova, PhD, PharmD, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

AGA-PFIZER PILOT RESEARCH AWARD IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

• David Boone, PhD, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
• Sara Chloe Di Rienzi, PhD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
• Jared Andrew Sninsky, MD, MSCR, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH AWARDS

AGA-AMAN ARMAAN AHMED FAMILY SURF FOR SUCCESS PROGRAM

• Eli Burstein, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
• Chloe Carlisle, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
• Adna Hassan, University of Minnesota Rochester
• Nicole Rodriguez Hilario, Barry University, Miami, Florida
• Maryam Jimoh, College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio
• Viktoriya Kalinina, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts

AGA-DR. HARVEY YOUNG EDUCATION & DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION’S YOUNG GUTS SCHOLAR PROGRAM

• Rafaella Lavalle Lacerda de Almeida, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
• Lara Cheesman, John’s Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
• Cass Condray, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
• Daniel Juarez, Columbia University, New York, New York
• Jason Lin, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
• Riya Malhotra, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
• Brian Nguyen, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
• Mahmoud (Moudy) Salem, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York

ABSTRACT AWARDS

AGA FELLOW ABSTRACT OF THE YEAR AWARD

• Andrea Tou, MD Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

AGA FELLOW ABSTRACT AWARDS

• Manik Aggarwal, MBBS, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
• Kole Buckley, PhD, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• Jane Ha, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
• Brent Hiramoto, MD, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
• Md Obaidul Islam, PhD, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
• Kanak Kennedy, MD, MPH, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• Hanseul Kim, PhD, MS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
• Chiraag Kulkarni, MD, Stanford University, Stanford, California
• Su-Hyung Lee, PhD, DVM, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
• Caroline Muiler, PhD, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
• Sarah Najjar, PhD, New York University, New York, New York
• Ronaldo Panganiban, MD, PhD Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
• Perseus Patel, MD, Stanford University, California
• Hassan Sinan, MD, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
• Patricia Snarski, PhD, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
• Fernando Vicentini, PhD, MS, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
• Remington Winter, MD, University of Manitoba – Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
• Tiaosi Xing, PhD, MBBS, MS, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania

AGA STUDENT ABSTRACT OF THE YEAR AWARD

• Jazmyne Jackson, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

AGA STUDENT ABSTRACT AWARD

• Valentina Alvarez, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
• Yasaman Bahojb Habibyan, MS, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
• Tessa Herman, MD, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota
• Jason Jin, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
• Frederikke Larsen, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
• Kara McNamara, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
• Julia Sessions, MD, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
• Scott Silvey, MS, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
• Vijaya Sundaram, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia
• Kafayat Yusuf, MS, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas

AGA–ERIC ESRAILIAN STUDENT ABSTRACT PRIZE

• Brent Gawey, MD, MS, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
• Fei Li, MBBS, MS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
• Emily Wong, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• Jordan Woodard, MD, Prisma Health – Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina

AGA–RADHIKA SRINIVASAN STUDENT ABSTRACT PRIZE

• Raz Abdulqadir, MS, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
• Rebecca Ekeanyanwu, MHS, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
• Jared Morris, MD, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg City, Manitoba, Canada
• Rachel Stubler, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina

AGA ABSTRACT AWARD FOR HEALTH DISPARITIES RESEARCH

• Saqr Alsakarneh, MD University of Missouri-Kansas City
• Marco Noriega, MD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
• Temitope Olasehinde, MD, University Hospitals/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
• Gabrielle Waclawik, MD, MPH, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin

AGA-MOTI L. & KAMLA RUSTGI INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL AWARD

• W. Keith Tan, MBChB, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
• Elsa van Liere, MD Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Graduate School

Fyodor d. urnov: pioneering gene editing for medical breakthroughs.

A trailblazer in the field of therapeutic genome editing, Fyodor D. Urnov’s research focuses on developing medicines for devastating genetic diseases.

Fyodor D. Urnov ‘96 Ph.D. is Professor of Molecular Therapeutics in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California, Berkeley and Director of Technology and Translation at the Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI). He co-developed the toolbox for human genome and epigenome editing, co-named the term “genome editing”, and was on the team to advance the first-in-human applications in a clinic. 

Urnov also helped identify the genome editing target for the first medicine approved to treat sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. A major goal for the field of genome editing and a key focus of Urnov's work is expanding access to CRISPR therapies (which modify genomes) for genetic diseases to those most in need. 

He will receive the Horace Mann Medal at the Doctoral Ceremony during Brown University’s Commencement weekend. 

Prior to attending Brown, Urnov completed his undergraduate studies in biology at Moscow State University in Russia. He then joined the Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry (MCB) department at Brown where he earned his doctoral degree. His dissertation work focused on the DNA structure and chromatin dynamics of one of the scarce origins of replication that are thoroughly understood, initiating DNA synthesis prior to cellular division. He worked in the lab of Susan Gerbi, the George Eggleston Professor of Biochemistry and founding chair of the MCB department. 

Urnov credits his pioneering work on gene editing to the doctoral training he received at Brown. Urnov then completed postdoctoral training at the National Institutes of Health before joining Sangamo BioSciences, a biotech firm in the San Francisco bay area as a Senior Scientist and Team Leader. 

At every stage of his career, Urnov’s exceptional work has been marked by medical breakthroughs and awards. One of the most groundbreaking biological advancements in recent years involves the ability to safely and precisely modify DNA sequences within genes - gene editing. This innovation began with the development of proteins designed to selectively bind to specific DNA sequences and enact targeted alterations. These proteins, known as "zinc-finger nucleases" or ZFNs, have paved the way for transformative research in genetic engineering.

In 2005 at Sangamo, Urnov spearheaded a pivotal study showcasing the efficacy of ZFNs to precisely target a disease-causing  sequence in the genome and correct it. The study was published in the journal Nature. The field of therapeutic genome editing, which Urnov co-named, was thus born. This paper marked the inaugural instance of mutation correction in human cells. The study demonstrated remarkably efficient repair (i.e. editing) of a mutated gene linked to severe combined immune deficiency, underscoring the potential of gene editing technology in addressing genetic disorders - potential that has recently started to be realized.

After this initial publication, interest in using gene editing technology exploded. Stuart Orkin, the David G. Nathan Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute collaborated with Urnov to use gene editing to cure sickle cell disease (SCD) and beta-thalassemia (both inherited blood disorders), ushering in the first CRISPR gene editing clinical trial for a genetic disease, treating both SCD and thalassemia patients. In both of these inherited diseases, the gene for making beta-hemoglobin is disrupted. 

“Fyodor Urnov has been a visionary in the field of gene manipulation and editing, and is widely recognized both for his scientific contributions and his remarkable skill in communicating the work to other scientists and the public,” shares Orkin.

The outcome of the clinical trials have thus far been transformative for the around 100 patients involved; all have been symptom-free after gene editing. Based on these results the FDA has approved this approach as the first-ever gene-editing based medicine - a medicine for which a key foundation was the work Urnov did in collaboration with Orkin.

Urnov’s other collaborations at Sangamo led to the deployment of genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for basic science and translational applications. Examples include applied gene editing to Down syndrome and in vivo therapeutics for Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s dementia.

In 2019 Urnov moved to the University of California, Berkeley, where he took on the challenge of building CRISPR Cures research and development teams for genetic diseases of the blood and the brain, genetic disorders of the immune system, radiation injury, cystic fibrosis, and neurological disorders. 

Urnov explains gene editing technology in a New York Times article from December of 2022.

“Gene editing relies on a molecular machine called CRISPR, which can be instructed to repair a mutation in a gene in nearly any organism, right where that “typo” occurs. Impressively versatile, potential applications for CRISPR range from basic science to agriculture and climate change. In medicine, CRISPR gene editing allows physicians to directly fix typos in the patients’ DNA. And so much substantive progress has been made in the field of genetic medicine that it’s clear scientists have now delivered on a remarkable dream: word-processor-like control over DNA.” 

As Urnov explains in this piece, a wealth of regulatory hurdles and healthcare economics challenges have, to date, prevented gene editing from making a greater impact. Urnov shares, “the invention of CRISPR gene editing gave us remarkable treatment powers, yet no one should do a victory lap. Scientists can rewrite a person’s DNA on demand. But now what? Unless things change dramatically, the millions of people CRISPR could save will never benefit from it. We must, and we can, build a world with CRISPR for all.”

An effort to bring us closer to that world is now the centerpiece of Urnov’s professional life. His work currently focuses on developing scalable, affordable platforms to engineer gene editing cures on-demand for severe disorders of childhood. Urnov directs a unique academia-industry partnership, the IGI-Danaher Beacon for CRISPR Cures, that is advancing to the clinic innovative treatments for inborn errors of immunity that cause severe diseases of infancy.

Urnov has made an impact at UC Berkeley and IGI beyond his research. As the Covid-19 pandemic commenced, he assumed the task of organizing resources to set up a nonprofit diagnostic clinical laboratory at IGI for swift testing of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The objective was to offer greater throughput, faster results, and enhanced accuracy compared to existing commercial options - and provide such testing for free to communities most in need. 

As described in Walter Isaacson’s best selling book, The Codebreaker , Urnov emerged as a pivotal figure in this initiative, playing a significant role in resource mobilization encompassing equipment, personnel, and funding - and ultimately providing over 500,000 free COVID tests to individuals in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities when for-profit testing laboratories failed at the task.

Not only is Urnov renowned in the field of gene editing, but his list of publications, teaching ability, and public speaking acumen is also exceptional. Urnov has authored more than 100 scientific publications and is an inventor on 87 published patents related to genome editing and targeted gene regulation technology. His 2005 Nature paper has been cited over 2000 times, and a subsequent paper he wrote for Nature Reviews Genetics has been cited over 2500 times. Many of his other papers have been cited over 1000 times.

“Fyodor is a world class researcher at the forefront of arguably the most exciting and important biomedical research advance in our lifetimes – genome editing – because he is perhaps the most engaging orator I have ever heard speak, because he is a scholar of truly extraordinary depth and breadth of knowledge in biomedicine, and because he is a dedicated and highly effective teacher and mentor,“ shares David Drubin, Ernette Comby Chair in Microbiology and a professor of Cell and Development in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at UC Berkeley.

Urnov is also known for being a dynamic public speaker and teacher and is much sought after. Urnov credits his experience as a graduate student instructor here at Brown for his interest in teaching, starting with watching faculty at Brown, including George Eggleston Professor of Biochemistry, Susan Gerbi and Professor of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry  Kenneth Miller, in his first stint as a graduate student instructor. 

Urnov’s awards, not surprisingly, are quite notable. As far back as his time at Brown he was selected for the Barry J. Rosen Memorial Award For High Achievement In Molecular Biology and the President’s Award for Excellence in Teaching.

In 2014 he was named as one of “The World’s Most Influential Scientific Minds” by Thomson Reuters and received a Fellows Award for Research Excellence from the National Institutes of Health.

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• About Injury Control Research Centers
• Success Stories
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Injury Control Research Centers History

At a glance.

View the history of Injury Control Research Center Program. The program began in 1987. The historical timeline covers a variety of research, training, and outreach activities.

Timeline key

Term/Abbreviation

Colorado State University

Columbia University: Columbia Center for Injury Science and Prevention

Harvard University

University of Washington: Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center

Emory University: Injury Prevention Research Center at Emory

John Hopkins CIRP

John Hopkins University: Center for Injury Research and Policy

Mount Sinai

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Nationwide CIRP

Nationwide Children’s Hospital: Center for Injury Research and Policy

San Francisco

San Francisco Injury Center

University of Pennsylvania: Penn Injury Science Center

University of Pittsburgh

University of Rochester Medical Center

University of Alabama Birmingham

University of California, Los Angeles

University of Iowa Injury Prevention Research Center

University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center

University of North Carolina Injury Prevention Research Center

Medical College of Wisconsin

West Virginia University

• Congress appropriates $10 million to CDC to establish the first four academically based centers of excellence, currently called Injury Control Research Centers (ICRCs). The recipients were John Hopkins CIRP , UNC IRPC , HIPRC , and Harvard University.
• HIPRC collaborates with Dr. Arthur Kellermann and others to conduct formative studies on firearms examining the risk of firearms in the home and methods of safe storage.
• Dr. Patricia Waller and Dr. Carol Runyan create UNC IPRC. Dr. Waller becomes the founding director of UNC IPRC. Dr. Runyan serves as Director from 1989 to 2011.
• HIPRC publishes A Case-Control Study of the Effectiveness of Bicycle Safety Helmets in the New England Journal of Medicine . The article is based on HIPRC’s study of the effectiveness of bike helmets and how to promote their use during their bicycle helmet program (1985-1989). HIPRC is the first to study this topic and their program served as the model for programs around the country. The program increased helmet use by children from 2% to roughly 70% in Seattle, Washington, with an accompanying decrease in head injuries from bicycling.
• UNC IPRC and UAB work together to help establish the Southeastern Regional Injury Control Network  (SERICN). SERICN is an injury prevention network. The SERICN members come from public health, transportation safety, consumer product safety, building codes and standards, and healthcare. States involved include Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee.

• John Hopkins CIRP publishes The Impact of Specific Toy Warning Labels in the Journal of the American Medical Association . This research provided support for the use of clear, standard language on labels about choking hazards and age appropriateness on all toys with small parts sold in the United States.
• UI IPRC becomes the first center located in the midwest to serve Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Nebraska.

• San Francisco and UCLA research informs California’s mandatory helmet law vehicle code section 27803 . This law states a driver and any passenger must wear a safety helmet when riding on a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle.
• John Hopkins CIRP hosts first Summer Institute course on Principles and Practice of Injury Prevention . Students use class lectures in behavioral, biomechanical, environmental, epidemiological, legislative, policy, and community partnership approaches to injury prevention to develop and discuss strategies for addressing a specific injury problem.
• UNC IPRC research informs North Carolina’s Smoke Detector law [PDF – 4 pages] . The law requires the installation of smoke detectors in every dwelling unit used as rental property, regardless of the date of construction of the rental property.
• UI IPRC conducts the first Iowa Child Passenger Safety survey . This survey is conducted every year. UI IPRC has evaluated the trends over the last 14-15 years and found belt usage increased over this time period for all ages. They identified risk factors including rurality.

• UNC IPRC and San Francisco host the Violence and Injury Control Education through Networking and Training (VINCENT), the first national telecourse on injury prevention for practitioners. The video-course broadcasted to over 180 sites, reaching nearly 2,000 viewers, and provided introductory training on community-based program development for those interested in initiating injury prevention activities. This course was made available worldwide as a free offering on the internet.

• The Society for the Advancement of Violence and Injury Research (SAVIR) was established in 1998. UNC IPRC , John Hopkins CIRP , Colorado , Pittsburgh , and UI IPRC  have been active members and in leadership roles for this organization since inception. SAVIR’s mission is to promote scholarly activity in the prevention, control, acute care, and rehabilitation of intentional and unintentional injury.

• Harvard spearheads a multi-million dollar project to design and test the pilot for what is now the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). In 1999, in response to an Institute of Medicine report outlining the need for a national fatal intentional injury system, a pilot program called the National Violent Injury Statistics System (NVISS) was created. In 2000, the NVISS system was piloted at 12 sites (mostly universities) and was modelled after the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Harvard University and the Joyce Foundation met and suggested that CDC direct a publicly funded system.
• UI IPRC creates UI College of Public Health in 1999 creating opportunities for students, new degree programs, and new faculty with interests in injury prevention.

• John Hopkins CIRP Injury Control Certificate Program  for master’s and doctoral students begins.
• Pittsburgh releases the article, Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents . These guidelines provide support for child safety restraint laws that become best practices in Transportation Safety.
• UI IPRC research informs the Iowa child restraint law. Iowa legislature revised the requirements of the  state’s child passenger safety law around booster seats and increased the age requirements for seat belt use in the back seat.
• Harvard publishes report Safer, Self-Extinguishing Cigarettes Designed by Manufacturers Sold in NY, While Less-Safe Full-Burning Version Sold in MA & throughout U.S. New York was the first state to pass fire safe cigarette laws. All 50 states had fire safe cigarette laws in place by 2012.
• John Hopkins CIRP receives the first National Injury Prevention and Control Health Impact Award from CDC. The National Injury Prevention and Control Health Impact Awards recognize efforts to achieve greater health impact in the field of injury prevention, promote best practices and success stories in the field of injury prevention and control, and demonstrate CDC’s commitment to achieving health impact.
• UNC IPRC research informs North Carolina’s Fire Safe cigarette law.

• UI IPRC releases its first Burden of Injury in Iowa report.
• HIPRC develops database to identify trainee publications and maintain contact with alumni. Over 300 Harborview injury researchers were awarded more than $114 million in injury-related funding between 1995 and 2008.
• UAB develops two new injury epidemiology courses within the UAB School of Public Health.
• Nationwide CIRP research provides support for youth helmet law in Columbus, Ohio.
• Harvard University’s ICRC director writes While We Were Sleeping: Success Stories in Injury and Violence Prevention . The book includes 64 documented injury prevention successes and 36 heroes of injury prevention from history, illustrating both programmatic and policy successes.
• Nationwide CIRP research leads to the American Society for Testing and Materials International revising its safety specifications for furniture tip-overs on chests, door chests, and dressers.
• Ohio expands its Child Passenger Safety Law to include booster seats informed by Nationwide CIRP’s research. The research shows that children who use a booster seat are 45% less likely to be injured in a motor vehicle crash than those using seat belts alone.
• UNC IPRC initiates development of statewide injury and violence prevention plan.

• UI IPRC creates Steering Teens Safe , a parent-based teen driving program.
• UAB publishes The effect of state regulations on motor vehicle fatalities for younger and older drivers: a review and analysis . This article highlights the benefits of a Graduated Driver Licensing program. Researchers found reductions in crashes during restricted or curfew hours with 23 to 25% lower crash injury and fatality rates for curfews beginning before midnight.
• Nationwide CIRP helps pre-test and launch CDC’s Parents Are the Key  national campaign to promote safe teen driving.

• UNC IPRC ’s research informs the Gfeller-Waller Concussion Act in North Carolina. This bill is designed to prevent head injuries in high school athletes. The research focuses on three major areas: education, emergency action and post-concussion protocol implementation, and return to play or practice following concussion.
• John Hopkins CIRP publishes the first edition of Preventing Injuries in Maryland: A Resource for State Policy Makers .
• HIPRC conducted an intervention pilot study to prevent children from falling out of windows. HIPRC discovered that case-control methodology can be used to study risk factors for pediatric falls from windows . HIPRC presented their findings at a regional conference on window safety with over 100 participants, including representatives from public health, advocacy, and business.
• Nationwide CIRP creates the Midwest Injury Prevention Alliance (MIPA). MIPA is an organization of injury professionals from the states in the Health and Human Services Region 7 (Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin) that work collaboratively to reduce unintentional and intentional injury-related death and disability.

• UNC IPRC and North Carolina’s Department of Health and Human Services, Injury and Violence Prevention Branch create the Injury-Free NC Academy . The Injury-Free NC Academy is a training and program development resource for injury and violence prevention practitioners in North Carolina. Each cycle of the Academy focuses on a timely topic affecting North Carolinians.
• Susan P. Baker, MPH, John Hopkins University
• Andrea Gielen, ScD, John Hopkins University
• David C. Grossman, MD, MPH, University of Washington
• David Hemenway, PhD, Harvard University
• Ellen J. MacKenzie, PhD, John Hopkins University
• Frederick Rivara, MD, MPH, University of Washington
• Carol Runyan, MPH, PhD, University of North Carolina

• IPRCE launches their Injury and Violence Prevention Certificate Program. The course gives MPH and PhD students a foundation in theoretical and epidemiologic concepts of injury prevention and control.
• IPRCE and the Georgia Concussion Coalition research findings help inform the Return to Play Act (HB248) . This requires public and private schools with youth athletic activities and public recreational leagues to provide information to parents on the nature and risks of concussion and head injury. The law also requires schools to establish a concussion management and return to play policy.
• Nationwide CIRP creates Prevent Child Injury to support the goals of the National Action Plan for Child Injury Prevention. Prevent Child Injury brings together a coalition of stakeholders to speak with one voice and share specific injury prevention messaging on a national level.

• Deb Houry, MD, MPH, becomes the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control director at CDC. She served as the director of IPRCE, vice chair for Research in Emergency Medicine at Emory University School of Medicine and as Associate Professor at the Rollins School of Public Health before joining CDC. Dr. Houry also served as an emergency physician at Grady Memorial Hospital.
• CCISP implements CDC’s STEADI Healthcare Provider tools . Physicians, nurses, pharmacists, physical therapists, and other health professionals can find tools such as clinical resources, inpatient care, outpatient care, patient and caregiver resources, and provider training and education.
• CCISP’s Safe Routes to School program reduces injuries and saves lives . New York City implemented the program eight years earlier. CCISP conducted an evaluation and found a 44% reduction in injuries among children walking to school. This research, training, and outreach has provided support for policy changes and adoption of New York City regulations for better pedestrian safety.
• WVU research shows that naloxone programs are successful in West Virginia . Policy makers use this research data to inform two key pieces of naloxone legislation. The first bill, Senate Bill 335 , authorizes naloxone prescriptions to first responders and to active drug users and their family members, friends, and caregivers, and protects health care providers who prescribe them from liability. The second bill is a Good Samaritan law, Senate Bill 523 , that provides limited immunity from prosecution for drug users and those who assist them with naloxone. Both bills became law in 2015.
• Mount Sinai implements a violence prevention program for juvenile offenders  to reduce criminal offenses and violent crimes among youth offenders in Texas. They adapted their evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation intervention originally developed for adults with traumatic brain injury to a youth population.
• Nationwide CIRP conducted two studies that compared the medical risks and outcomes of exposure to laundry detergent packets with other types of laundry and dish detergents. They found the harmful effects of laundry packets were significantly higher. These findings informed the passing of the national Detergent PACs (Poisoning and Child Safety) Act of 2015 which required the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission to set mandatory safety standards for liquid laundry detergent packets.
• CCISP ’s Dr. Cassandra K. Crifasi, Keshia M. Pollack, and Daniel W. Webster receive the Jess Kraus Award for the paper Assaults against U.S. law enforcement officers in the line-of-duty: situational context and predictors of lethality published in Injury Epidemiology .
• Rochester advances public health approaches to suicide prevention . They conduct a bi-annual training to promote the study of public health approaches to suicide prevention. The four-day Research Training Institute equips injury and violence prevention professionals and researchers across the nation with information on suicide prevention science and research methods.
• U-M IPC reaches broad audiences with cutting-edge science . They sponsor a series of day-long summits to teach diverse audiences about significant topics in injury and violence prevention, such as sport concussions and prescription drug overdose. The summit focused on researchers, clinicians, practitioners, policy makers, and members of the media.
• CDC releases The Impact of Injury Control Research Centers: Advancing the Field of Injury and Violence Prevention [PDF – 36 pages] . This report describes key achievements from ICRCs annual and interim progress reports from 2012–2016.

• CCISP ’s Stanford Chihuri (right), Guohua Li (left), and Qixuan Chen receive the Jess Kraus Award for the paper Interaction of marijuana and alcohol on fatal motor vehicle crash risk: a case–control study published in Injury Epidemiology.
• PISC supports violence prevention through blight remediation . They studied the impact of low-cost repairs to abandoned buildings and vacant lot greening on residents’ health, safety, and quality of life. Areas around remediated abandoned buildings had a 39% drop in gun assaults, 19% drop in other assaults, and a 16% drop in nuisance crimes.
• HIPRC launches the Injury-related Health Equity Across the Lifespan (iHeal) symposium . The symposium features a national conversation about health equity – and what doctors, researchers, and academics can do about it.
• UI IPRC and partners evaluate an intervention for parents to improve supervision and communication with their teens who are learning to drive-particularly in rural settings . Participating teens reported a 21% decrease in risky driving.
• UNC IPRC addresses  teen dating violence before it begins . Researchers at UNC IPRC designed Safe Dates, a teen dating violence prevention program for middle and high school students. Safe Dates tested the program in 14 public schools. The results showed a significant reduction in both perpetration of dating violence and victimization.

• U-M IPC presents 2018 Summit on the Prevention of Campus Sexual Assault: Summary and Next Steps .
• John Hopkins CIRP improves  helmet use among kids . They developed a 4-minute video to reach urban, minority youth who attend a pediatric primary care clinic. The video was part of a larger program that also provided a free bicycle helmet, a fitting, and instructions by a health educator. The one-month study showed helmet use was higher in youth reporting bike-riding after the intervention.
• PISC helps  reduce concussions among college football players . Data analysis of more than 2,000 concussion cases showed that football kickoffs accounted for 6% of all plays but 21% of concussions in 2015 in the Ivy League. This research informed Ivy League football coaches who recommended new kickoff return rules. Several new kickoff rules were put in place for the 2016 and 2017 seasons. Further data analysis showed that the average annual concussion rate fell from 11 to 2 per 1000 kickoff plays after the new rules were put in place.
• John Hopkins CIRP pioneers autonomous vehicle collaborations in the U.S. They sponsored two symposia to launch a new initiative focused on the safe and equitable deployment of autonomous vehicle technology. Since the symposium, preliminary findings from the new research projects on autonomous vehicles have been presented to policy makers, industry groups, and safety regulators.
• Rochester and Colorado develop an innovative suicide prevention collaborative . The collaborative includes Colorado state and local policy health, policy and operational leaders, and other partners building and testing a comprehensive set of coordinated suicide prevention efforts statewide.
• UI IPRC joins the  Promoting Resilience Initiatives (PRI) at the University of Iowa . They developed a six-course interdisciplinary undergraduate certificate program in Resilience and Trauma-Informed Perspectives that launched in 2018. The program tripled its enrollment by 2022.
• CDC releases Injury Control Research Centers Program Brief [PDF – 2 pages] . This document provides a brief overview of the program and highlights several Injury Control Research Center activities and achievements.

• IPRCE receives Georgia Coalition Against Domestic Violence Empower Award .
• John Hopkins CIRP plays a critical role in developing the  next generation of researchers and practitioners . They have graduated thousands of students at all levels of training, from undergraduate to post-doctoral since its creation in 1987. John Hopkins CIRP offers the most graduate courses in injury and violence prevention than anywhere else in the world.
• A video UM ICRC and Core SVIPP: Partnering to Promote Safer Communities highlights the partnership between the Core State Violence and Injury Prevention Program (Core SVIPP) and the ICRC program in working together to implement and evaluate the Period of PURPLE Crying making important, lasting contributions to the injury field within Michigan.
• A video UNC ICRC and Core SVIPP: Partnering to Promote Safer Communities highlights the partnership between the Core SVIPP and the ICRCs working together to address suicide prevention in Appalachia.
• U-M IPC combats the opioid crisis in Michigan . They created an opioid overdose surveillance system. The system collects statewide Emergency Medical System naloxone administration data and medical examiner data from over 80% of the state’s population. U-M IPC uses the data to inform local planning, implementation, and responses to opioid overdoses.
• CCISP Injury Free Kids Coalition launches its first National Injury Prevention Day: November 18, 2020 . The coalition brings together child injury prevention advocates, healthcare professionals, public health professionals, elected officials, and families to shed light on the need to address the burden of child injury in the United States.
• New York State implements rear seat belt law based on CCISP research and CDC’s Core SVIPP programmatic work. This law requires all people in a vehicle to wear a seat belt, no matter where they are sitting.
• UI IPRC enhances bicycle safety . They improved bicycle safety through programs, technology, and partnerships. UI IPRC outreach and training efforts in bicycle safety provided information to inform legislators and stakeholders on bicycle safety concerns.
• UI IPRC identifies suicide burden in Iowa . The rural United States has a suicide rate 45% higher than urban areas. UI IPRC collected and analyzed state-level data to produce an annual Suicide in Iowa This report summarizes the suicide data in their state and provides comparisons to national data. UI IPRC uses this report to educate Iowa legislators and stakeholders on the burden of suicide.
• Nationwide CIRP analyzes the effectiveness of concussion laws . They published these results in Research in Sports Medicine . The study showed an overall increase in concussion clinic visits after Ohio’s concussion law passed in 2013. These studies can inform policy interventions that can help optimize the use of medical care and reduce severe consequences of concussions in youth.
• PISC creates a monthly Trainee Learning Lab . The lab is available for undergraduate and graduate trainees in Injury Science. Trainees meet virtually once a month to discuss and interpret peer-reviewed articles related to injury and violence research.
• HIPRC conducted its first evaluation of publicly available datasets for health equity research in injury and violence. They summarized data on suicide, falls in older adults, opiates, and non-lethal traumatic brain injury and identified hidden burdens in injury and violence prevention. This steps for research, training, and outreach in injury and violence prevention through a health equity lens.
• Nationwide CIRP creates Trainees for Child Injury Prevention . T4CIP is a group of trainees from across the country passionate about child injury prevention that develops outreach materials and strategies for national one-day campaigns.
• John Hopkins CIRP found in recent studies that state laws mandating ignition interlock use for all drunk driving offenders reduces fatal alcohol-involved crashes  by at least 7%. Researchers estimate that interlock laws prevented 1,250 fatal crashes in states with mandatory interlock laws from the first implementation of the laws in 1982 through 2013.
• The COVID-19 pandemic impacts spark innovation among injury researchers . ICRCs found ways to successfully adapt and innovate to continue their core functions of providing research, outreach, and training. Many expanded virtual learning, explored new data systems, and embraced new technology to expand traditional research approaches.

• U-M IPC recognizes the need for evidence-based, comprehensive training  for the public health workforce. They developed a Certificate in Injury Science (CIS) for graduate students through the University of Michigan School of Public Health. The CIS program actively engages students in coursework and an internship practicum that enhances their knowledge and competencies in injury science.
• HIPRC develops the Injury Prevention Student Internship Training (INSIGHT) summer research program . The INSIGHT program prepares students for injury prevention careers. The goals are to create a pipeline for the next generation of injury prevention and treatment researchers and clinicians and to foster interest and growth in different types of public health expertise and the partnerships that public health convenes, supports, or facilitates.
• CDC releases The Impact of Injury Control Research Centers: Advancing the Field of Injury and Violence — An Update [PDF – 88 pages] . This report describes key achievements from the Injury Control Research Centers annual and interim progress reports from 2012–2019.
• Nationwide Children’s Center for Injury Research and Policy (CIRP) develops Trainees for Child Injury Prevention  (T4CIP) to promote interest and engagement in child injury prevention. Medical students, residents, and fellows with an interest in pediatrics, child injury prevention, health behavior change, and communication can apply to become pediatric trainees in T4CIP. The program exposes them to public health approaches and community engagement to prevent child and teen injuries and violence.

Funded Injury Control Research Centers (ICRCs)

Injury Control Research Centers (ICRCs) put research into action to prevent injuries and violence.