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German Education System

The German education system stands out for its unique combination of academic rigor, hands-on learning, and commitment to individual development. Let’s explore how this system is regulated, its key stages, and other helpful details for anyone considering studying in Germany.

In this guide: A German school system chart to make it all easier to understand!

Quick Summary

• The German school system is unique in Europe because it sorts students into different educational paths early on.
• Compulsory education requires all children aged six to 15 to attend school full-time at the primary and secondary levels.
• Germany places a great emphasis on vocational education and training (VET). Over 15% of 25-34-year-olds in the country hold a vocational post-secondary education as their highest qualification, far surpassing the 6% average of OECD states.
• Germany is known for offering free or affordable higher education to students from Germany and abroad.
• The German education system comprises five main stages: early childhood , primary , secondary , tertiary , and continuing education .

Do you want to read about individual education stages and not the whole guide?

➡️ Jump to Early Childhood Education ➡️ Jump to Primary Education ➡️ Jump to Secondary Education ➡️ Jump to Tertiary Education ➡️ Jump to Continuing Education

How the German School System Works

The German education system operates under the framework of the Basic Law (Grundgesetz). At the federal level, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) plays a coordinating and supporting role in education matters.

However, education in Germany is primarily the responsibility of the individual federal states (Bundesländer). Each federal state has its own Ministry of Education or equivalent authority responsible for education policy and legislation within its jurisdiction. 

These state-level authorities determine many aspects of education, including curriculum, teacher qualifications, and school organization.

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As a result of this federal structure, education legislation and regulations can vary from one federal state to another, leading to some differences in educational policies and practices across the country.

What is Compulsory Education in Germany?

Compulsory education in Germany is a fundamental commitment to ensure that every child receives an education. All children in the Federal Republic of Germany must start school once they reach the age of six until they complete nine years of full-time schooling at the Gymnasium or 10 years of full-time schooling for other general education schools.

After compulsory education, those who don’t continue to full-time general or vocational schools at the upper secondary level must still attend part-time schooling (compulsory Berufsschule attendance – Berufsschulpflicht), which typically lasts three years.

Compulsory education applies to children and youth with disabilities as well. Depending on their special educational needs (sonderpädagogischer Förderbedarf), they can either join regular schools with non-disabled peers or attend special education institutions (sonderpädagogische Bildungseinrichtungen).

Here’s a German school system chart you will definitely find useful:

How Is the School System Structured in Germany?

The German school system is structured into five main stages:

• Early Childhood Education. This stage is optional but widely attended. Children typically start kindergarten at age three or four, focusing on socialization and early learning.
• Primary Education. Beginning at age six and spanning grades 1 to 4 (or 1 to 6 in Berlin and Brandenburg), this stage marks the start of compulsory schooling and aids the transition from pre-school to formal education.
• Secondary Education. Secondary education in Germany is divided into lower secondary (Sekundarstufe I) and upper secondary level (Sekundarstufe II), aiming to prepare students for vocational qualifications or higher education. 
• Tertiary Education. Tertiary education in Germany includes universities, colleges, and vocational academies offering degrees and vocational qualifications. It’s highly respected for its academic quality and research opportunities.
• Continuing Education. Continuing education in Germany offers non-degree courses and workshops for skill development and lifelong learning. It caters to diverse individuals and aims to enhance personal and professional growth.

1. Early Childhood Education

What is considered preschool education in germany.

Early childhood education is optional education and care that children between 0-6 of age receive in the Federal Territory of Germany. This type of education includes both private and public child and youth welfare services for children who have not reached the age to start compulsory education (primary school).

Which Are the Institutions of Preschool Education in Germany?

In Germany, preschool education is predominantly provided by private daycare centers, including crèches, child-minding centers, and kindergartens.

Non-public organizations like Churches and Welfare or Parent’s Associations have priority in offering these services, with local authorities stepping in only when private initiatives are lacking.

Here are the preschool education institutions in Germany:

• Day-care centers (Kindertageseinrichtungen). Typically, a combined setting for children under the age of three and those from age three up to starting primary school.
• Crèches (Kinderkrippen). Children under the age of three.
• Kindergartens (Kindergärten). Children from age three up to starting primary school.
• School kindergartens, Preliminary classes, or Primary school support classes (Schulkindergärten, Vorklassen, Grundschulförderklassen). Children of compulsory school age who aren’t developmentally ready for regular studies, including those with disabilities or special educational needs.

The hours of preschool education are typically arranged through collaboration between parents and management, generally spanning a 7-hour day that includes lunch and sometimes a midday break.

What Are the Teaching Methodology and Materials in Preschool Education in Germany?

Early childhood education in Germany aims to nurture children’s independence and development, offering age-appropriate instruction, values, and rules. It adapts to individual needs, including those of expat children, who benefit from language acquisition and socialization during this phase.

For Children Under the Age of 3

The core educational mission of the German preschool education (age under 3) is enhancing communication skills among kids. Secondly, it is the development of their language skills through social interaction with other toddlers and adults.

Communication and language skills are taught by language role models (educators), finger plays, singing, picture books, and additional teaching practices/instruments.

Furthermore, an important part of pre-educating children is given to motor development. This includes increasing body awareness, self-acceptance, self-confidence, and concentration among toddlers.

Motor development is reached through physical activities, visiting public environments, rhythmic early education programs, singing, and movement playing.

For Children Over the Age of 2

Core values that preschool education seeks to develop amongst children are the enhancement of their teamwork skills, along with their level of integration in daily life activities.

Key areas of German preschool education for children older than 2 are:

• Language, writing, communication, 
• Personal and social development, 
• Development of values and religious education, 
• Mathematics, natural sciences, (information) technology 
• Fine arts/working with different media 
• Body, movement, health, and 
• Nature and cultural environments.

Such values are taught through self-organized learning, creative learning, teamwork-building activities, investigation, and experimental activities.

Assessment of the Educational Achievements in Preschool Education in Germany

Children are not assessed regarding their educational achievement reached by participating in German preschool institutions. Instead, they’re constantly supervised by their educators or trainers regarding their attainment from learning activities.

The opinion of educators is discussed with the parents of children, who together agree on further measures for the development of kids’ learning skills.

Who Supervises Preschool Education in Germany?

Preschool education in Germany is supervised by the State Youth Welfare Offices (Landesjugendämter) in each state (Lander). Providers must meet specific requirements, such as appropriate staff ratios, qualified educators, adequate facilities, hygiene standards, and age-appropriate educational programs. 

Kindergarten (early childhood education) in Germany is not entirely free, but the costs are heavily subsidized. Parents typically pay a monthly fee, which can vary depending on the state (Land) and the specific kindergarten. 

The fees are income-dependent, with lower-income families paying less and sometimes receiving exemptions. Some states have also moved towards making kindergarten education entirely free.

What If a Child Isn’t Yet Ready to Begin Compulsory School Studies?

There is a middle option for children who have reached the compulsory school attendance age but have not yet reached the needed development. This is relevant for children with disabilities and those needing special education. So, they attend a special school offered by some Landers, known as School Kindergarten or a Preliminary Class beforehand.

2. Primary Education

What is considered primary education in germany.

Primary school, or Grundschule, offers mandatory education through mixed-ability classes for children aged six until they complete grade 4 (or 6 in Berlin and Brandenburg). 

As kids finish grade 4/6, primary school marks an important transition phase, as together with parents and teachers, they are placed into different types of secondary schools depending on academic performance and goals.

Which Are the Teaching Practices in Primary Schools in Germany?

Primary education in Germany follows standards set by the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder (Kultusministerkonferenz). 

It includes subjects such as:

• Mathematics,
• General studies,
• Foreign language,
• Handicrafts,
• Religion, or ethics.

The curriculum includes topics like intercultural education, sustainability, values education, and more. Parents are encouraged to stay involved in their children’s education.

Learning objectives in primary schools are attained through the engagement of pupils in planning, running, and analyzing study subjects (lessons) in an adapted way, which goes along with their knowledge, interest, curiosity, and concerns. Students are also encouraged to participate in organizing initiatives and interdisciplinary projects of the school.

Germany has two primary school education systems: a 5-day school week with 188 teaching days per year and a 6-day school week with 208 teaching days per year, which includes classes on two Saturdays every month.

Primary school classes typically start between 7:30 AM and 8:00 AM and end at 11 AM or 12 PM. Each lesson lasts for 45 minutes, with breaks for eating and socializing. Most public primary schools don’t have uniforms, and children can wear whatever they want.

What is the Grading System Used in German Primary Schools?

In German primary schools, students are initially promoted to the next grade without formal grading after completing grade 1. 

From grade 2 onward, they receive grades based on their knowledge level, ranging from 1 (very good) to 6 (very poor). These grades in Germany are reflected in a school report (Zeugnis), and promotion to the next grade depends on their performance. If a student fails, they may need to repeat the grade.

Does a Pupil Receive a Primary School Leaving Certificate in Germany?

In most of Germany (Baden-Württemberg and Rheinland-Pfalz are the exceptions), there are no formal exams or leaving certificates for primary school. Students are assessed based on meeting specific educational outcomes and receive annual reports.

Who Supervises Primary Education in Germany?

The Grundschule, the first mandatory school for all children in Germany, operates under legal provisions outlined in the Basic Law and state constitutions regarding schools. These provisions cover inspection, parental rights, compulsory education, religious instruction, and privately-maintained schools.

The federal government funds public primary schools in Germany, which means they do not charge tuition fees. However, parents may be asked to contribute toward some expenses, like school supplies or extracurricular activities.

3. Secondary Education

What is considered secondary education in germany.

In the German school system, secondary education follows the primary school stage and is marked by a division into different educational paths, each leading to specific leaving certificates and qualifications. Secondary education is divided into lower secondary (Sekundarstufe I) and upper secondary (Sekundarstufe II). 

The lower secondary level is offered for pupils aged 10–12 until they are 15–16 in grades 5–7 to 9–10 and focuses on general education.

On the other hand, the upper secondary level is offered to pupils who have completed the prior level (from the age of 15–16 until 18–19) and prepares students for university or vocational qualifications, with various schools available based on abilities and prior education.

Who is Responsible for Managing German Secondary Education?

In Germany, secondary education is governed by legal frameworks, including the Education Acts and Compulsory Schooling Acts of the German Länder. These laws define curriculum content and qualifications granted upon completing lower and upper secondary education in both general and vocational schools. 

Vocational training is regulated by the Vocational Training Act and the Handicrafts Act, addressing matters like contracts, certificates, and trainee rights. Special legislation, like the Protection of Young Persons at Work Act, ensures the protection of young trainees.

Public education in Germany is funded through taxation, and students are not required to pay tuition fees at these levels of education. Private secondary schools may charge tuition fees, but the majority of students in Germany attend public secondary schools, which are free of charge.

What Are the Types of Secondary Schools in Germany?

The Federal Country of Germany offers secondary education in public and private schools. Various secondary schools in Germany cater to students with varying abilities and prior primary education qualifications.

The German educational system is traditionally divided into three main tracks (the Gymnasium, Realschule, and Hauptschule), with some states introducing the Comprehensive School (Gesamtschule) as an alternative or addition to the existing system:

Gymnasium is a prestigious secondary school in Germany that begins around age 10 or 11 and typically lasts until age 18. It covers grades 5 to 12 or 13, offering a rigorous academic education. Students graduate with the “Abitur,” a qualification that grants access to universities and diverse career opportunities.

Realschule starts at around age 10 or 11 and generally concludes at age 16, encompassing grades 5 to 10. This school type provides a balanced mix of academic and practical education. Upon completion, students earn the “Realschulabschluss” diploma, enabling them to pursue vocational training or higher education.

Hauptschule

Hauptschule commences at approximately age 10 and typically ends at age 15, spanning grades 5 to 9. It emphasizes practical and vocational education. Students receive the “Hauptschulabschluss” certificate, which can lead to vocational training or part-time education.

Gesamtschule

Gesamtschule starts around age 10 or 11 and may last until age 16 or 18, depending on the school’s structure. It covers grades 5 to 10 or 12, offering a comprehensive education that combines academic and practical aspects. Qualifications vary but can include certificates equivalent to Realschulabschluss or Abitur, depending on students’ chosen educational paths within the Gesamtschule.

German Schools With More Than One Study Course (Schularten mit mehreren Bildungsgängen)

These schools in Germany offer multiple educational tracks or study courses within a single institution. These can include comprehensive schools, secondary schools (in Bremen), community schools, integrated secondary schools, and others.

German Vocational Schools

German secondary vocational schools are institutions that provide specialized vocational education and training to students who have completed their general secondary education (usually Realschule or Hauptschule). They offer lessons and practical placement, known as a dual system. 

These are the types of vocational schools available in Germany:

• Fachoberschule. Offers a 2-year program for “Mittlerer Schulabschluss” holders, leading to “Fachhochschulreife” for entry to universities of applied sciences. A 13th grade option can result in “Fachgebundene Hochschulreife” or “Abitur.”
• Berufsoberschule . Provides 2-year general and in-depth education, enhancing previous vocational knowledge, leading to vocational qualifications or, with proficiency in a second foreign language, “Abitur.” Also offers 3/4-year courses for dual vocational and higher education qualifications.
• Berufsfachschule. Offers education for specific professions requiring formal recognition or vocational training qualifications.
• Berufsschule. Delivers practical, interdisciplinary lessons preparing students for further vocational education or professions based on the dual education and training system.
• Berufliches Gymnasium. A 3-year secondary education program leading to the “Abitur” qualification.

German Private Secondary Schools

Private secondary schools in Germany fall into two categories: “Ersatzschulen,” which offer the same curriculum as public schools but with private funding, and “Ergänzungsschulen,” which provide additional courses beyond public school offerings.

What Are the Curriculum and Teaching Practices in Secondary Education?

German secondary education focuses on fundamental education, individual specialization, and identifying students’ unique abilities, especially in lower secondary education. 

Achieving these objectives involves:

• Engaging students intellectually, emotionally, and physically.
• Teaching them independence, decision-making, personal, social, and political responsibility.
• Assisting them in attaining their educational goals.
• Supporting them in advancing their specialist knowledge.

General upper secondary schools, such as Gymnasium, are vital in preparing students for the Abitur or other university entrance qualifications. 

These institutions provide comprehensive knowledge in German and foreign languages, mathematics, self-development, social responsibility, and participation in democratic society. Additionally, they offer guidance on academic institutions, admission requirements, vocational options, and career prospects.

Upper secondary education is also offered by German vocational high schools known as “Berufliches Gymnasium.” Over two full-time years, these schools prepare students for vocational qualifications as skilled staff with “Fachgebundene Hochschulreife.” 

This qualification opens doors to professions requiring formal qualifications and can serve as a pathway to university entrance if the holder demonstrates proficiency in a second foreign language. Moreover, it enables enrollment in technical universities after two years of study, leading to a “Mittlerer Schulabschluss” maturity certificate.

What Is the Grading System in German Secondary Schools?

The progress of pupils in German secondary schools is evaluated upon a 6-mark grading system as follows:

• 1 (very good)
• 3 (satisfactory)
• 4 (adequate)
• 6 (very poor)

4. Tertiary Education

What is tertiary education in germany like.

Tertiary education in Germany encompasses post-secondary education at various institutions, including universities , universities of applied sciences , and specialized institutions , offering a wide range of academic and vocational programs.

It emphasizes academic excellence, research-oriented education, and practical skills development, leading to Bachelor’s , Master’s , and Doctorate degrees.

Who Supervises German Tertiary Education?

Under the Basic law, higher education institutions enjoy the autonomy to independently manage the scholarship awarding, research, and teaching activity. For administrative issues, such as academic and governmental matters, these institutions have to be in accord with the Lander’s ministry.

Tertiary education at public universities in Germany is generally tuition-free, with nominal semester fees ranging from €100 to €300. Private universities, however, charge varying tuition fees ranging from a few thousand to more, so students should inquire about costs and available financial aid.

Which Are the Institutions of German Tertiary Education?

With more than 400 state-recognized institutions of higher education in Germany, you’ll find an abundance of choices when it comes to tertiary education. 

Here are some of the higher education institutions you can choose from and what each specializes in:

Universities (Universitäten) 

Universities offer a wide range of academic programs and research opportunities leading to bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees, with a strong emphasis on research and theoretical knowledge. Universities focus on all types of subjects , including medicine, law, pharmacy, etc.

Colleges of Art, Music and Film (Kunst, Musik-und Filmhochschule)

Colleges of Art, Music, and Film are specialized institutions focusing on arts, music, and film education, offering programs tailored to aspiring artists, musicians, and filmmakers. Basically, they focus on artistic subjects such as fine arts, design, architecture, music, theater, etc.

German Colleges of Art and Music offer the following study courses:

• Visual, design, and performing arts.
• Film, television, and media.
• Art history and art pedagogy.
• History and teaching of music.
• Media and communication.

Universities of Education (Pädagogische Hochschulen)

Specialize in teacher education programs, preparing future educators for teaching roles in schools and educational institutions. 

Theological Colleges (Theologische Hochschulen)

Provide theological education and training for individuals pursuing careers in religious studies, ministry, and theology.

Universities of Applied Science (Fachhochschulen/Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften*)

Offer practical and hands-on education focusing on applied sciences, engineering, and technology, leading to bachelor’s and master’s degrees. They typically have a mandatory practical training component (Praxissemester). Such training is carried out on the premises of private businesses or public institutions/administrations to place the student closer to the labor market needs.

Teaching professors in Fachhochschulen , despite being academics, have a strong background of professional experience in the labor market outside of academia.

German Universities of Applied Sciences offer study courses in the following fields:

• Technology,
• Engineering,
• Social Sciences.

Higher Education Institutions Offering Dual Studies (Berufsakademien) 

Offer a distinctive dual education system, combining academic training with practical experience through company partnerships and funded training with student wages.

Universities for the German Armed Forces (Universitäten der Bundeswehr)

Provide military-focused education and training for German Armed Forces officers and personnel.

Institutions of Continuing Vocational Education (Fachschulen, Fachakademien)

Offer specialized vocational training and education beyond the secondary level, equipping students with practical skills and qualifications for specific careers.

*In some Landers Fachhochschulen are called Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften.

Qualifications of the German Higher Education System

The German higher education system is renowned for its structured qualifications, including Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Ph.D. degrees, each with distinct characteristics and durations.

Bachelor’s Degree

The first higher education qualification in Germany is the bachelor’s degree. The duration of studies for this degree varies by institution:

• Universities: 6 semesters (3 academic years)
• Universities of Applied Sciences: 6–7 semesters
• German Colleges of Art and Music: About 8 semesters
• Professional Academies: 3 academic years
• Fachschulen: 2 academic years

Bachelor Titles

Depending on the type of higher education institution of higher education issuing it, there are different Bachelor titles, as follows

• Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)
• Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.)
• Bachelor of Engineering (B. Eng.)
• Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.)
• Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.)
• Bachelor of Music (B. Mus.)
• Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.)

What Bachelor’s Study Fields Are Offered in German Universities?

German universities offer a wide range of study fields, such as:

• Languages, Humanities, and Sport
• Philosophy, Theology, History
• Art studies, Musicology, Theatre studies
• Education, Psychology
• Law, Economics, Social Sciences
• Mathematics, Natural Sciences
• Medicine, Agronomy, Forestry
• Engineering Sciences (e.g., Architecture, Mechanical Engineering)
• Environmental technology, Mining, and more

What Bachelor Study Fields Are Offered in German Universities of Applied Sciences?

German universities of applied sciences offer bachelor’s study fields in the following:

• Agronomy, Forestry, and Nutritional Science
• Engineering Sciences
• Economics/Economic Law
• Social Work
• Public Administration, Administration of Justice
• Information Technology, Computer Science and Mathematics
• Natural Sciences
• Information and Communication Studies
• Nursing and Management in the Public Health System

What Bachelor Study Fields Are Offered in German Fachschulen?

Fachschulen offer courses such as:

• Agricultural Economy
• Social Work. 

Core Bachelor subjects of study in these institutions are:

• Electrical, Mechanical, and Construction Engineering.
• Business Management.

What Bachelor Study Fields Are Offered in German Berufsakademien?

Berufsakademien (Vocational Academies) offer bachelor’s degrees in these study fields to prepare students for specific professions:

• Social Work 

International study programs are also available at universities and applied sciences universities.

Master’s Degree

A master’s degree is the second higher education qualification in Germany and typically takes 2 to 4 semesters to complete, varying by institution. Universities and equivalent institutions often require 4 semesters, while Fachhochschulen usually require 3 to 4 semesters.

To earn a master’s degree, students need to accumulate 300 ECTS credit points, including those earned during their earlier qualifications, such as a Bachelor’s degree (360 ECTS points for Bachelor degree holders).

Master’s Degree Titles

The master’s degree titles that you can get depend on your institution. See below for each type of institution:

At Universities or equivalent institutions:

• Master of Arts (M.A.)
• Master of Science (M.Sc.)
• Master of Engineering (M. Eng.)
• Master of Laws (LL.M.)
• Master of Education (M.Ed.)
• At Colleges of Art and Music

At Colleges of Art and Music:

• Master of Fine Arts (M.F.A.)
• Master of Music (M.Mus.)

At Universities of Applied Sciences:

For Continuing/Specialist Education:

• Master of Business Administration (MBA)

German Higher Education Programs Outside the Bachelor and Master Level

Beyond the bachelor’s and master’s degree titles, you can also find the following programs and examinations at various higher education institutions:

• Diplom Examination. Some programs lead to a Diplom degree in a single study subject, such as Diplom in Psychology or Engineering. The Diplom issued by Universities of Applied Sciences is comparable to a bachelor’s degree.
• Magister Examination. Another option is the Magister examination, covering combined study subjects, like “Magister of Artium.” A magister degree from universities of applied sciences is akin to a master’s degree.
• Staatsprüfung (State Examination) . Certain professions, such as medicine, dentistry, and law, require a state examination for qualification. This process involves a 2-stage examination conducted by state examiners and academic professors.
• Church and Academic Examination. Theology students who wish to pursue roles like priest or pastoral assistant must pass a Church and academic examination after completing a 5-year study program.
• Postgraduate Study Courses. After bachelor’s or master’s studies, students can pursue 2-year postgraduate study courses to specialize in a specific field or support their existing studies.
• Examination of Colleges of Art and Music. Some programs at German colleges of art and music culminate in a final examination, known as “Abschlussprüfung,” or a concert examination called “Konzertexamen.”

Ph.D. Degree

The Ph.D. degree is the highest education qualification undertaken by the most qualified students. It can be taken at German universities and equivalent institutions in collaboration with non-university research institutes. 

Doctoral studies in Germany vary in duration due to their in-depth and individualized nature, involving independent research and culminating in an oral examination, commonly referred to as the “Rigorosum” or thesis defense “Disputation.”

There are several paths to get a Ph.D. degree in Germany, as follows:

• Individual and supervised doctorate
• Structural doctorate
• Cooperative doctorate (combination between universities and universities of applied sciences)
• International doctorate
• Special doctorate

The title received by completing a German Ph.D. study program is Doctor “Doktorgrad.”

Admission Requirements of the German Higher Education Institutions

Are you planning to apply to study at a higher education institution in Germany? Let’s explore the admission process and the requirements you will likely stumble upon.

Bachelor’s Degree Programs

To apply for bachelor studies in Germany, you must fulfill the following requirements:

• Higher Education Entrance Qualification . Applicants need either “ Abitur ” or an equivalent foreign school-leaving certificate. Abitur can be obtained through an examination for non-pupils or employed individuals. International students with unrecognized foreign certificates may require a preparatory course and recognition examination.
• Admission Exam. Some fields, like arts and sports, may require applicants to take an admission examination to assess their core subject knowledge.
• German Language Proficiency (for international students). Proficiency can be demonstrated through language diplomas (e.g., DSD II), proficiency exams (e.g., DSH, TestDaF), or language assessments during preparatory courses (Studienkolleg).
• Certificate of the Akademische Prüfstelle (APS) (for international students from China, Vietnam and India). Foreign students who completed APS in their home country may need to submit this certificate.
• Alternative Proof (for refugee students). Refugee students can provide alternative documentation, such as entrance exams or German language assessments, possibly after enrolling in Studienkolleg for recognition assessment.

Colleges of Art, Music, and Film

Admission to German colleges of art and music typically requires a higher education entrance qualification and artistic aptitude. In some cases, applicants with exceptional artistic or musical talent may be admitted even without a higher education entrance qualification.

German Universities of Applied Sciences

To apply to a university of applied sciences in Germany, applicants have to submit:

• Higher education entrance qualification/Fachhochschulreife
• Artistic aptitude (I.e., for design study program)

Berufsakademien (Vocational Academies)

To apply to a German Berufsakademien, you have to submit any of the following:

• Higher education entrance qualification
• Fachhochschulreife and entrance examination

Fachschulen

To apply in a German Fachschulen, applicants have to submit any of the following:

• Fachhochschulreife (for a recognized profession which needs a prior training)
• Proof of minimum 1-year work experience in the profession
• Qualification from the Berufsschule
• Qualification from the Berufsschule/equivalent qualification
• Proof of minimum 5-year work experience in the profession

Or for social professions:

• Mittlerer Schulabschluss (Middle School Leaving Certificate)
• Proof of relevant education and training

Master’s Degree Programs

Admission requirements for a master’s degree in Germany include:

• Bachelor degree related to the master studies
• Entrance examination (for master’s studies in the art field)
• Special aptitude (for master’s studies in the art field)
• Proof of minimum 1-year work experience (for some specific programs)

Admission requirements for a German PhD degree include:

• Master’s degree issued by universities/equivalent institutions, universities of applied sciences, or other institutions (if the applicant is well-qualified).
• Bachelor’s degree (on some special occasions). This applies if the applicant is well-qualified, and an examination to evaluate their aptitudes, “Promotionseignungsprüfung,” has to take place. Sometimes, an additional preparatory course will be necessary.
• Evidence of having passed the first state examination (Erste Staatsprüfung)

For more information, see our detailed guide on requirements to study in Germany .

Quotas and Restrictions for German Higher Education Programs

German higher education study courses can have various admission procedures:

Nationwide quotas:

Nationwide quotas apply when applications exceed available spots.

The selection of the students in such cases is based on:

• Relevance and the average grade of prior qualifications (20%), 
• Awaiting period between obtaining the university entrance qualification and applying for academic studies (20%),
• Higher education provider’s selection procedure (60%).

Local restrictions on admissions:

• Local restrictions apply when some courses have limited spots controlled by institutions or the Foundation for Higher Education Admission (SfH).
• A joint database helps manage applications and allocate open spots to other students if a candidate is accepted elsewhere.

No restrictions on the number of applicants:

• Some courses have no set limits, admitting all eligible applicants without pre-selection.
• Occasionally, a prior notification period may be required for accepted students.

5. Continuing Education

What is considered adult education and lifelong learning in germany.

Continuing education in Germany, also known as lifelong learning, addresses the ever-changing demands of the labor market. It includes various categories, including adult education, professional development, recognizing prior experience, flexible learning pathways, and opportunities for seniors to pursue personal interests.

Germany boasts a robust system of adult education and ongoing training. This system includes the following offerings:

• Evening classes,
• Vocational courses,
• Non-formal educational programs tailored to adults seeking to acquire new skills or qualifications. 

These educational opportunities are provided by diverse entities, including municipal and private institutions, religious organizations, trade unions, industry and commerce chambers, associations, political parties, businesses, government agencies, academies, family education centers, vocational schools, Fachschulen, as well as media outlets like radio and television.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can children be homeschooled in germany.

Homeschooling is generally not allowed in Germany. The country has strict regulations that require children to attend public or state-approved private schools. There are very limited exceptions, such as for children with specific medical conditions that prevent them from attending regular schools. 

In most cases, homeschooling is not permitted, and parents can face legal consequences if they choose to homeschool their children.

When Do Schools Start in Germany?

The school year in Germany usually starts in late August to early September, varying across the 16 German states, and typically ends in June or July, with slight variations depending on the state and school.

Are There Any Breaks or Holidays During the German School Year?

Schoolchildren in Germany receive a total of 75 days of holiday per year, which includes 12 Saturdays. These holidays are divided into six school holiday periods that coincide with the separate school terms:

• Autumn Holiday (Herbstferien). Usually two weeks in October or November.
• Christmas Holiday (Weihnachtsferien). Typically around two weeks in late December and early January.
• Winter Holiday (Winterferien). Varies in duration and may range from a few days to two weeks, depending on the region.
• Easter Holiday (Osterferien). Lasting two to three weeks in March or April.
• Whitsun Holiday (Pfingstferien). Varies from a few days to two weeks and falls around May or June.
• Summer Holiday (Sommerferien). The longest break lasts around six to seven weeks, usually starting in late June or early July and ending in late August or early September.

These breaks can vary by federal state, and the exact dates may change each year. Some schools may also have additional holidays known as “bridge days” (Brückentage) around public holidays or special occasions. It’s essential to check the school calendar for specific holiday dates in your region or school.

When Does the Academic Year Begin and End in Germany?

At most universities in Germany, the winter semester (WiSe) typically runs from October 1st to March 31st , while the summer semester (SoSe) usually takes place from April 1st to September 30th . 

However, “Fachhochschulen” (universities of applied sciences) often start and end their semesters a month earlier.

Are There Any Breaks or Holidays During the German Academic Year?

As we said, the academic year in Germany typically starts in October and ends in September, divided into two terms: the winter semester (October to March) and the summer semester (April to September).  Students have holidays during the Christmas and Easter periods. 

Additionally, there are semester breaks of approximately six to eight weeks between the two terms. During these breaks, students often use the time for writing assignments and exam preparation or may choose to pursue internships or employment opportunities. 

How Do Private Schools in Germany Differ From Public Schools?

In Germany, public schools are generally more prevalent than private schools. Most students attend public schools because they are government-funded, offer free education, and adhere to the country’s standardized curriculum. 

Public schools are also known for their high educational standards and quality. Private schools, while they offer certain advantages such as smaller class sizes and specialized programs, tend to be less common, and are often chosen by families who can afford the tuition fees or have specific preferences for alternative educational approaches or religious instruction. 

How Does Germany Promote International Student Exchanges?

Germany promotes international student exchanges through programs like Erasmus+ and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). 

Erasmus+ facilitates student mobility within Europe, allowing German students to study abroad and welcoming international students to Germany. DAAD offers scholarships for German students studying abroad and supports international students coming to Germany at various study levels. 

German higher education institutions also offer numerous English-taught programs , making them accessible to non-German-speaking students and providing support services for incoming exchange students to ensure a smooth transition into academic and social life.

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Homework in German primary schools

Did you know that primary school children in Germany have homework (“Hausaufgaben”) – from DAY ONE !

This is no joke – on her first day at school our daughter was given homework to do, which of course had to be done after opening the Schultüte .  She has had some to do every day since.

For me, this is something completely new, as I am pretty sure that I did not have this sort of set homework until I changed schools at the age of 11.  I believe that my primary school did use to give homework to classes 4 and 5 (called years 5 and 6 these days!), but this was abolished before I was old enough to be in them.

The homework that our daughter receives is supposed to take up to 30 minutes per day, 5 days per week.  Which has led me to start thinking about how much we are meant to help or guide her through it.

Do we sit with her for the entire 30 minutes and guide her through?  Do we help her work out the solutions to the tasks she is being set, so as to get her started, or do we wait for her to say that she doesn’t understand the problem?

At what stage should we step in, if we notice she is making a mistake?  Should we explain the mistake to her and let her correct it, or should we leave that to the teacher the next day?

Comments and suggestions are welcome!

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Graham Tappenden is a British ex-pat who first came to Germany as a placement student in 1993, returning in 1995 to live there permanently. He has been writing for AllThingsGerman.net since 2006. When not writing blog posts or freelancing for the Oberurseler Woche and other publications he works as a self-employed IT consultant solving computer problems and designing websites. In 2016 he gained German citizenship.

I would suggest letting your daughter do her homework by herself. This will give her confidence and a good working habit for later as she needs to learn it is HER responsibility. Some parents make the mistake of helping too much and then a mother might end up sitting daily with her 9th grade child doing homework together. Our first child hardly ever needed any prompting or help. Our second child knows to do her homework first and if she has any questions afterwards, I will assist. If a mistake is discovered, I will point it out and have her try to find the solution herself. As a good teacher or parent, we need to ask the right questions, and refrain from giving the right answers. The right question(s) will lead the child to the correct answer.

Hallo Maria,

after about half a year I can say that is what we do. If she needs help, she will get it, but we let her work out the answer to a problem first.

I am an Australian school teacher and mother and I can tell you that children here have homework from the beginning of their schooling too!

In my view, there are two main reasons for setting homework – the first is to establish good work habits and the second is to give parents the opportunity to see what their child is working on and provide some one to one assistance if required. It is not always possible to provide this in a class setting with 25 or more children.

I encourage the parents of my students to help their child if they need it and to let me know if they have difficulty with anything. Sounds like you are on the right track to me 🙂

[…] to write – German style With my daughter learning to read and write at primary school in Germany, it is interesting to see which methods are being used.  It often leaves me wondering […]

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The quality of German education is world-renowned for a reason. It's well-organized and designed to be highly accessible to all students allowing them to continue studying up to the university level regardless of a family's finances. All German states offer the same school systems and education system. German public schools - no matter if they are elementary schools, secondary schools, or vocational schools - generally do not require any tuition fees.

This article will give you an overview of the German standards of education, the organization of the school system, the subjects taught, grading systems, and more.

The German education standards

General information about how the school system is organized in Germany

Compulsory studies in Germany is based on the rules and regulations of the  Grundgesetz  (the German basic or fundamental national law). The federal government, with its departments of Education, Cultural Affairs, and Science has come together to create comprehensive education guidelines regarding basic general studies, administrative regulations for school attendance, management of higher education, and foundations for public and private schools.

German educational standards at local schools and also at higher education institutions are relatively high. In fact,  precisely because the German school system is so well structured and rigorous, it produces some of the most accomplished students in the world . In a  2015 OECD/PISA study , Germany ranked 16th in mathematics as well as in science, and students attending ranked 11th in reading.

Students are thoroughly tested and evaluated at each stage of schooling. If a student fails to achieve the required minimum grades in two or more classes - for example, in a foreign language, and in religious studies- they have to repeat the whole year to ensure that they are always meeting the requirements to move up.

Only 18% of students at most German schools have to repeat the year once, and more than 50% of students report attending post-secondary and higher studies in Germany.

How does the German education system work?

Compulsory education in Germany dictates that  all students from the age of six to 15 years old need to attend school consistently . However, students usually stay in school until 18 years of age and then start a university education at a German university or a continuing vocational education at a full-time vocational school or technical school.

While parents can choose to put their kids in a private school or even an international school for preschool education, primary education, or secondary education, the curriculum in public schools and the secondary education in Germany is sufficient enough to allow their students to aim confidently for university-level education and obtain a university entrance qualification after the final examination at the   Gymnasium  (high school).

Kindergarten and Preschool in Germany

Did you know that nursery or preschool is optional in all German states? Up until six years old (that's the school age for German primary school), children may legally stay at home with parent(s) or spend the days with a privately-run child-minding service provider (or "Tagesmutter") instead of going to an official children's daycare center or "Kita" / "Kindergarten" for early childhood education.

After this, children will then first attend primary school or  Grundschule , and later one of the available types of secondary school/high-school studies.

See our  page  about the German school system to learn more about the different kinds of pre-schools as well as the primary, secondary and upper secondary studies as well as the tertiary education and professional study options available in Germany.

How many days a week do German students go to school?

The German school week runs   from Monday to Friday . Students at elementary school start pretty early, from 8 a.m., and stay on until 1 or 2 p.m. For older kids in lower secondary education, these hours may be extended until about 4 p.m. German students in upper secondary education might even stay until 5 p.m. during their last school year.

School Organization

Primary school and secondary schools in Germany

Primary school or elementary school in Germany is known as  Grundschule . The very first term in German primary education starts around the beginning of September. From ages six to ten, children go through four years of school at a primary level. However, some primary schools and private institutions run for six years; that means your 5th-grade age would be 11 and a 6th-year student would be 12 years old.

How old are you in 4th grade?

This depends on when you entered primary school. If a child hasn't turned six by the time school starts, they are considered a  kann Kind  or a 'can child' - as in they  can  attend school. They're not a  muss Kind , which is a 'must child'. These children  must  attend school.

What does the  kann Kind's   eligibility depend on?

They may be required to pass a test known as the  Einschulungsuntersuchung  - and even if this is passed, administrators may not offer entering secondary school as an option if the child is not also socially or physically ready.

Once basic school or primary school is complete, students progress to the secondary school component of education in Germany. There are five types of academic secondary school in the German secondary education system, including:

• Gymnasium:  for "academic" students
• Realschule:  for students focused on vocational education (intermediate school)
• Hauptschule:  for "less academic" students
• Gesamtschule:  comprehensive school for all study types
• Integrated schools:  where  Hauptschule  and  Realschule  curricula are merged

School holidays in Germany  include common breaks like  Easter ,  winter holidays , and  summer holidays . The exact dates differ for each kind of school, however.

Berlin public schools, for example, begin the summer break around June 20th and end around August 2nd. Meanwhile, students in Bavaria break around July 29th and resume around September 9th.   The exact dates change from year to year .

Vocational school

Anyone attending vocational programs in Germany is usually not only trained in their workplace but   must also attend a vocational school . As a rule, a secondary school leaving certificate is expected at the vocational school. This can usually be obtained at comprehensive schools, the   Realschule  or specialist schools. Studies in German comprehensive schools does not focus so much on learning a second foreign language, but rather on computer skills or physical education, for example. These subjects are more important for vocational programs. There are basically eight specializations in vocational education: Agriculture, Design, Health, Education and Social Services, Information Technology/Computer Science, Technology/Natural Sciences, Nutrition and Supply, and Business and Administration.

Is education in Germany for free?

Administrators and educational ministers in Germany believe that the costs for education should not be a prohibiting factor in a child's education. That's why  compulsory studies in Germany is completely free for all students . School attendance is not subject to any tuition fees and also higher education at a German university is free of charge, provided it is not at private institutions.

Is there good education in Germany?

Anyone in Germany who earns a higher studies entrance qualification or completes training at vocational schools has good opportunities on the job market. In 2018, around 88 out of every 100 people between the ages of 25 and 64 in Germany had at least one of these qualifications.

Do German Students wear a school uniform?

No. If you're attending a public school, whether it's a primary school or a secondary school, you do not need to wear a school uniform. Only some private schools in Germany may require a uniform.

Does Germany have homework?

Homework in Germany is considered very important, and the school day is structured in such a way that students have plenty of time to complete it and gain extra help or support where necessary.

Even in primary school,  students spend at least half an hour on homework every day  (known as  Hausaufgaben ). Education in Germany is designed to provide students with 20 to 30 hours of lessons per week.

How long is the average school day in Germany?

Each class runs for about  45 to 50 minutes . There are breaks for food and socializing, but there's usually no need for a cafeteria because school ends around lunchtime. Students at secondary schools with longer classes usually bring their own food, and many private schools offer complimentary meals.

Full-day schooling

The German education system might take some time getting used to for international students: If you're moving from overseas and are used to a different structure of full-day schooling at secondary school, don't fret. Increasingly, German schools are offering a full day of education that sets aside time for homework, extracurriculars (like German language classes for foreign students), and lunch hours.

Subjects taught in German Schools

Learn more about the general subjects in Germany

Subjects taught in German schools differ at each level. For example, students at the  Realschule  level will study a range of subjects (computer science, mathematics, a foreign language, etc.) while also achieving an established academic level.

The difference   is that this kind of school's culminating diploma will be known as the  Realschulabschluss  and this will qualify to graduate students to take vocational qualifications, training courses, or apprenticeships in, for example, commercial trade or a medical profession.

However, these students still have the opportunity to transfer to the   Gymnasium   for their final two years if they're set on attending university.   Education in Germany is designed in such a way that it depends on which secondary schools one attends in order to receive higher studies later on . Nevertheless, most German schools allow students to transfer within the system and attend a school whose final examination will give them a university entrance qualification. This means that higher study institutions in Germany are open to all German students within the German education system.

What subjects are taught in German schools?

This depends on which secondary school the student has chosen and where in the country they're located. In general, education at the  Gymnasium  level (required for those planning to attend tertiary education, i.e. university) covers a broad range of subjects.

Students are opting for 32-40 hours of lessons a week, plus additional homework. They'll be studying a variety of subjects, usually including a   second foreign language from a pick   of English, French, Spanish, Latin, and more.   There are also sports, music, drama and art lessons.   "Honors" courses in Germany are known as  Leistungskurse . Students at other secondary schools have the same subjects, but usually learn only one foreign language and school attendance is shorter. While students attend a   Gymnasium   for 8 to 9 years, they attend a   Realschule   or another comprehensive school for two years less. By the way, school attendance is compulsory and   students who skip classes receive a reprimand .

Is Homeschooling illegal in Germany?

Yes,   homeschooling in Germany is considered illegal   because students must attend school from 6 to 15 years of age. The German education system requires that all children attend a school, whether it is a primary school, a secondary school, an international school, or a private school.

What is the Grading System in German Schools?

The grading system in Germany runs on a   scale from 1 to 6. The   highest is 1   or  sehr gut  ("very good"). This is an outstanding achievement.   An average score is 2,6 to 3,5,   or  befriedigend , which is 'satisfactory'.

International Schools in Germany

International schools in Germany are a big draw for foreign families that want their kids to be schooled in another language - usually English. This can help students feel more comfortable as they transition into life in a new country.

These are full-day schools with students from different nationalities and countries represented. They offer a full range of educational subjects and extracurricular activities. They're perfect for students who are already halfway through their curriculum in their own countries.

Find Your Perfect Match 

Search by city, major, or field of study and find your dream study program in Germany.

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School stuff.

I'm in 5th grade at my local school. This means that I am done with elementary school and now in a lower secondary school. In 7 years (12th grade) I want to have my Abitur (diploma) and start college. But that's a long way away and I have many classes to finish in school first. This year every few weeks I have some review courses in German and English in order to make sure that I am ready to begin learning my second foreign language next year.

Most German schools still have longer morning breaks where students can get snacks and then in the afternoon they go home for a hot lunch (Mittagessen), which is usually the biggest meal of the day. However my school is new and does something different. We have a lunch break at the same time every day in my grade, so I bring a lunch to school and eat it there with my friends. I think this is fun and it lets me have more time with my friends.

My school may look at lunch differently, but it's like many other German schools when it comes to sports and music. I have P.E. and music class, but all of my sports take place outside the school in the local club. I like this because then I get to meet kids from around my city.

Like American schools, I get a summer vacation. But it's usually only about 6 weeks long, so shorter than many American summer breaks. My family loves to travel to other countries during summer vacation. I also have about a 2 weeks in December and January, in addition to another 2 weeks around Easter. Finally, I usually also have a week off in the fall.

Now you know all about my school! You can see my school schedule for this year below. If you want to know more about other parts of the German school system, look below my class schedule!

The German School System

School in Germany is different from school in America. What Americans know as kindergarten is the same name Germans use for preschool. German school officially begins with first grade, usually at the age of 6. When German students start first grade, they get a large cone called a Schultüte filled with candy and school supplies from their parents. Grundschule (elementary school) goes from frst grade until fourth grade. Then, parents and teachers choose one of several types of school for children after elementary school.

Many German children go on to a Gymnasium (college preparatory high school) from fifth grade until twelfth or thirteenth grade. When students graduate from Gymnasium, they get a diploma called an Abitur and can go on to college.

Other children may go to Realschule (technical academic high school) until the tenth grade. Students who graduate from Realschule after tenth grade can continue to study at a Gymnasium or start to learn a trade.

Another choice is Hauptschule (secondary school), where students study general subjects. Students must attend Hauptschule for at least 5 years.

Additional content

Schultüte and the first day of school.

Learn more about a first day of school tradition in Germany: the Schultüte. Then make your own Schultüte! This very special tradition goes back almost 200 years and is a beloved tradition that takes place all over Germany with the start of each new school year. Want to know the secrets behind the candy cone? Click below!

• Download “Schultüte and the First Day of School” PDF / 36 KB / File does not meet accessibility standards
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Schools in Germany

>> www.deutschland.de/de/deutsche-schulen-im-ausland

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homeworx.cc

The german homework database.

homeworx.cc is a search engine for school materials. We have gathered many thousands of papers for you. Now we have more than 8.000 documents in our database.

Homework, or a homework assignment, is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class. Common homework assignments may include required reading, a writing or typing project, mathematical exercises to be completed, information to be reviewed before a test, or other skills to be practiced.

The basic objectives of assigning homework to students are the same as schooling in general: to increase the knowledge and improve the abilities and skills of the students, to prepare them for upcoming (or complex or difficult) lessons, to extend what they know by having them apply it to new situations, or to integrate their abilities by applying different skills to a single task. Homework also provides an opportunity for parents to participate in their children's education. Homework is designed to reinforce what students have already learned.

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English-German translation for "homework"

"homework" german translation, „homework“ : noun, overview of all translations.

• Hausaufgabe feminine | Femininum f , -arbeit feminine | Femininum f homework school | Schulwesen SCHULE homework school | Schulwesen SCHULE
• what homework have you got? was hast du auf? what homework have you got?
• I’ve got a lot of French homework ich habe viel in Französisch auf I’ve got a lot of French homework
• Heimarbeit feminine | Femininum f homework commercial term, commerce | Wirtschaft/Volkswirtschaft WIRTSCH work done at home for pay homework commercial term, commerce | Wirtschaft/Volkswirtschaft WIRTSCH work done at home for pay

Context sentences for "homework"

Example sentences from external sources for "homework" (not checked by the langenscheidt editorial team).

• Source: OPUS
• Original text source: Tatoeba
• Original text source: WIT³
• Original text source: TED
• Original database: TED Talk Parallel Corpus
• Original text source: Europäisches Parlament
• Original database: Europarl Parallel Corups

Synonyms for "homework"

• prep , preparation

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German is a West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.

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How to Say Homework in German: Your Ultimate Guide

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on how to say “homework” in German! Whether you’re a student learning the language or simply curious about German vocabulary, we’ve got you covered. In this guide, we will not only explore formal and informal ways to express “homework” in German but also provide tips, examples, and even touch upon regional variations when necessary. Let’s dive in!

Formal Ways to Say Homework in German:

If you’re speaking in a formal setting or addressing someone older, respected, or in a position of authority, it’s essential to use the appropriate term for “homework.” Here are some formal expressions:

• Die Hausaufgaben : This is the most common and neutral term for homework in the German language. It is used both in schools and universities.
• Die Schulaufgaben : This term is more specific and refers to homework in the context of school assignments.
• Die Aufgaben : While this term can have a broader meaning, it is commonly used to refer to assignments or tasks, including homework.

When using these formal terms, it is important to address your teachers or professors with the appropriate honorifics, such as “Sie” (formal “you”) instead of “du” (informal “you”).

Informal Ways to Say Homework in German:

In less formal situations, or when you’re talking to friends, classmates, or peers, it’s common to use more relaxed expressions for “homework” in German. Here are some informal options:

• Die Hausi : This term is a shortened, colloquial version of “Hausaufgaben.” It is commonly used among friends or classmates.
• Die Hausis : This plural form is also a casual alternative.
• Die Aufgaben : You can also use this term informally, just as in the formal context. It is a flexible phrase and can be used in various situations.

Remember, when using these informal expressions, it’s important to consider the relationship and level of familiarity with the person you’re talking to. Ensure that the context is appropriate for using informal language.

Regional Variations:

While German has many regional dialects and variations, the terms for “homework” generally remain consistent across different regions. However, it’s worth noting that some local variations or dialects might exist. Let’s take a look at some regional variations:

Die Schuihausis (pl.)

This variation is commonly used in Bavaria and parts of Austria, where the local dialect influences the pronunciation and vocabulary.

Schwäbisch:

In the Swabian dialect, spoken in southwestern Germany, “Dr Lär” is a term that is sometimes used informally to refer to homework.

Tips for Using “Homework” in German:

Now that you know the formal, informal, and regional variations for “homework” in German, here are some tips to enhance your usage:

• Context is key: Always consider the setting and your relationship with the person you’re conversing with before using any specific term for “homework.”
• Addressing teachers: When talking to teachers or professors, it’s essential to use the appropriate honorifics, such as “Sie.”
• Pay attention to informal language: Only use informal terms like “Hausi” or “Die Hausis” when you’re in a casual context and with people you’re familiar with.
• Regional variations: While most regions use the common terms, it’s helpful to know local variations in case you encounter specific dialects.

Let’s look at some examples that illustrate the usage of these different terms:

Formal: Lehrer, können Sie uns bitte die Hausaufgaben aufgeben? (Teacher, could you please assign us the homework?) Informal: Hey, hast du die Hausi für morgen gemacht? (Hey, have you done the homework for tomorrow?) Regional: Servus, mei Lär isch heid schee schwer, oder? (Hi, my homework is pretty difficult today, isn’t it?)

These examples show how to apply the various terms in the appropriate contexts, considering formality and the relationship with the person you’re speaking to.

So, whether you’re studying German, visiting Germany, or simply interested in expanding your language knowledge, this guide has provided you with all the essentials to express “homework” correctly in German.

We hope you found this guide helpful and that it enhances your German language skills. Viel Glück (good luck) with your German studies!

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Germany is a large European country that has borders with many other countries (nine!). The capital city is Berlin and the national language is German.

Germany stretches from the mountainous range of the Alps, across the North European Plain right through to the North Sea and the Baltic.

Top 10 facts

1. Germany's official name is Bundesrepublik Deutschland; it is also known as the Federal Republic of Germany. Germany is a constitutional democracy and the country is made up of 16 federal states; each of these states has its own independent state authority. 2. Berlin is the capital city  and also the largest German city, with a total population of nearly 3 and a half million people. 3. Germany has the largest population (82.1 million) of all the European Union countries. 4. Germany is famous for its fairytale castles, often perched on hills on the sides of rivers like the Rhine or the Elbe. 5. Geman sausage, wurst , is world-famous – and there are over 150 kinds! 6. Car making is one of Germany's main industries : BMW, Volkswagen and Mercedes Benz cars are all German.  7. Most German people are Christians , and there are lots of beautiful churches and cathedrals in Germany. 8. Germany has won the football World Cup four times! 9. German children start school at six years old. On their first day at school they traditionally receive a  schultüte , a cone-shaped container made of paper or cardboard or plastic that's filled with toys, sweets, pencils and books! 10. After the end of WWII two separate countries were established in Germany, West Germany and East Germany. In Berlin, a concrete wall divided the city into two parts, East and West. In 1990 a reunification treaty was signed and East and West Germany became one country again.  

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No other European nation shares borders with as many other countries as Germany! The nine countries Germany borders are: Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, France and Luxembourg to the southwest and Belgium and the Netherlands to the northwest. Almost a third of Germany's land is covered by forest. Sauerkraut is the name of the traditional German pickled cabbage eaten with wurst (sausage). Sausage is also served with potato salad. The Black Forest, in south-west Germany, is covered in dark, confiderous trees. There is even a cake named after it, the  Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte (Black Forest Gateau), which is made of layers of chocolate cake, cherries and whipped cream. Gummibären (gummy bears) are a German invention! They were first created in 1922; now over 100 million gummy bears are produced every single day. Famous composers Johann Sebastian Bach and Ludwig von Beethoven were German, and so was scientist Albert Einstein . Immigrants make up a large part of the German population, around 12 per cent. Of all the European Union states, Germany has the highest percentage of immigrants. Beer festivals are very popular in Germany; the most famous is Oktoberfest in Munich. More than 500,000 chickens and 50,000 servings of pork are served during the festival every year! One of Germany's most famous inventors was Johann Gutenberg, inventor of the printing press. In the early 1450s he published the very first book, known as the Gutenberg Bible. The Middle German house, a half-timbered house that resembles a traditional German farmhouse, is a traditional building style and what many people imagine when they think of a German home. Sleeping Beauty's castle at Disneyland is based on the beautiful Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria.

Browse through the gallery and see if you can spot the following:

• The German flag
• The Reichstag, home of the German parliament
• A German castle
• The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin
• Traditional architecture in Bretten
• The cathedral in Cologne
• Mountains in Germany
• A Bavarian castle
• A Christmas market in Germany
• Traditional German bread dumplings
• German canal houses

At the geographical heart of Europe (and one of the largest European countries), Germany is one of the world's wealthiest nations and Europe's leading industrial power. In the past coal and iron mines fuelled the German economy; now engineering, manufacturing and car making (Germany is the thrid-largest car producer in the world) are the main industries. The landscapes most associated with Germany are forests (which cover about a third of the land) and long, deep river valleys dotted with small, beautiful villages, but almost three quarters of German people live in cities, in apartment blocks or flats. As well as the capital city, Berlin, the cities of Hamburg, Munich, Cologne and Frankfurt can be found in Germany. The highest mountain is the Zugspitze (2962m) and the longest river is the Rhine (865km in Germany). About 50 per cent of the land in Germany is used for agriculture. Germany abolished its national currency, the Deutschmark, in 2002, and started using the euro (one of the original 12 countries to do so). In the past, Germany referred not to a specific place but to the large area of western Europe where people spoke Germanic languages. The German nation was properly established in 1871, when Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck brought together German-speaking kingdoms, principalities, cities and duchies to form the German Empire. Germany became a leading power in Europe but was defeated in World War I , leading to the rise of the Nazi Party led by Adolf Hitler in 1933. Hitler's Third Reich was defeated in 1945, brought down by the Allied armies of the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, France and other countries. After World War II, Germany was split in half and two German countries were founded in 1949. West Germany was backed by the USA and East Germany was backed by Russia. Berlin, the capital city, was also divided by the Berlin Wall, which was 155km (96 miles) long and stopped people crossing from one country to the other. The Wall divided friends, families and neighbourhoods for 28 years. Life was very different for the people of East and West Germany. When Germany was reunified into one country in 1990, the Berlin Wall was demolised. There are lots of traditional festivals in Germany: beer festivals, Christmas Fairs and wine festivals are particularly popular. Fairy tales, folk tales and legends are a big part of German culture.  Rapunzel and Little Red Riding Hood are characters from traditional German tales and their stories feature some of the traditional elements of German folklore: peasants and woodcutters who become heroes, singing nymphs, enchantments, princes and princesses, magical helpers (like fairy godmothers) and deep, dark forests.

German names to know

Otto the Great  (912AD-973AD) The first known king of Germany (then known as East Francia) and he was also emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898)  The Prime Minister of Prussia, he played an instrumental role in unifying Germany and dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890. King Wilhelm I of Prussia (1797-1888)  The first Kaiser (otherwise known as Emperor) of Germany and he was also the first Head of State of Germany. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)  An Austrian-born German politician who led the Nazi party in Germany that was responsible for the death of nearly six million Jews. Hitler was also Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer of Nazi Germany. Angela Merkel (1954-present) The first woman in German history to hold the dual posts of Chancellor of Germany (the head of the government) and Leader of the Christian Democratic Union in Germany.

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Just for fun...

Voyage Kids is a website packed with German games, quizzes, stories and more Download and print a map of Germany Try some German-themed crafts , including colouring and Grimm fairy tales activities Take free German lessons online on the BBC Languages site! Download  German-language worksheets Choose from a selection of traditional Christmas crafts Make your own paper model of Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany

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A Germany fact file from National Geographic Kids Read more about traditional Christmas markets in Germany Famous German inventors Traditional German foods include Spätzle, Bratwurst, Schnitzel and Gulasch Try making your own German food at home with these recipes

Children's books about Germany

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Read about the top 100 sights and attractions in Germany See pictures of some of the beautiful German Christmas markets Plan a trip to Berlin, Munich or the Black Forest

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What is "Homework" in German and how to say it?

Die hausaufgaben, learn the word in this minigame:, more study routine vocabulary in german, example sentences, learn the word for "homework" in 45 more languages., other interesting topics in german, ready to learn german, language drops is a fun, visual language learning app. learn german free today..

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I'm an American mom living in Germany. Here schools days are shorter and there are more vacations throughout the year.

• I'm an American who moved to Germany over a decade ago. 
• I went to school in the US, but now I'm raising three kids in Germany. 
• Here there are more short vacations sprinkled throughout the year. 

I'm an American living in Germany with my family, and it's been fascinating to observe the differences in elementary school between the US and Germany.

My oldest son has attended elementary school in Germany for a couple of years now and I worked at an elementary school here for a few years before having my own kids, so I've gotten to witness firsthand what makes the German system unique.

German elementary school is 4 years

In Germany, kids go straight from preschool (which is called Kindergarten in Germany) to elementary school; there is no year of Kindergarten as Americans know it.

When my oldest child was in his last year of preschool , he did "Vorschule ," a weekly activity to prepare the kids for going to school, such as an introduction to letters and numbers. German elementary school ends in fourth grade. From there, kids are divided into three separate school systems for grades 5 to 12.

School supplies are taken seriously

Some months in advance of my oldest child's first day of first grade, we got the list of school supplies — and it was epic. There were many notebooks that had to be a specific size and had to have a colored folder cover for various subjects. Gym shoes had to have only white soles, and every single item had to be labeled, even each individual colored pencil. Fortunately, our local stationery store is an expert in these matters, and I was able to simply hand over our supply list and receive the items.

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To top it all off, German kids take a "Schulranzen" to school, a large and expensive backpack that can hold many books and supplies. Shopping for it is a rite of passage for incoming schoolchildren.

The first day of school is short and memorable

On the first day of every German school year, you'll see some new first graders staggering around carrying a "Schultute," a massive triangular cone filled with anything from sweets to books to school supplies. This uniquely German custom makes this day very memorable for new schoolkids — many Germans keep theirs forever.

Typically, the first day of school is shorter than usual, and many families do something special to mark the event. For my oldest child's first day of school, we went out to lunch together and took photos of him with his Schultute .

There are many more short-term vacations

For many kids in Germany, the elementary school day is very short compared to an American school day. Classes typically start between 7:30 and 8 a.m., and the school day is usually over between 12 and 1 p.m., but sometimes as early as 11:30.

Many elementary schools offer afterschool care where kids can do homework and play in the afternoon, but depending where you live in Germany, a spot isn't always guaranteed. Kids who have a shorter school day are assigned homework during the week. My son doesn't get homework during the week at his day school, but he will usually have some homework over the weekend to do.

Summer break in Germany is much shorter than in the US. It's six weeks in total. However, German kids have many shorter breaks throughout the year than American students. For instance, my son has two weeks off for Easter vacation and two weeks off for the Pentecost holidays in Bavaria.

Many kids get to school independently

While some kids do take a school bus or are driven to school by their parents, it's more common in German for elementary school kids to go to school either totally independently or among groups of friends.

Usually starting in second grade, kids will often walk, ride their scooters, or take public transportation to school without their parents. When I drop my younger kids off at preschool, I see hordes of elementary school kids en route to school sans grownups. Schools generally hire crossing guards to supervise the street crossings right by the school building to make sure it is safer for the students.

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Translation of "homework" into German

Hausaufgabe, Hausaufgaben, Schularbeit are the top translations of "homework" into German. Sample translated sentence: I shouldn't have to tell you to do your homework. ↔ Ich sollte dir eigentlich nicht sagen müssen, dass du deine Hausaufgabe machen sollst.

Work that is done at home, especially school exercises set by a teacher. [..]

English-German dictionary

Hausaufgabe.

Aufgabe, die zuhause erledigt wird, insbesondere Übungen für die Schule, die von einem Lehrer aufgetragen werden. [..]

I shouldn't have to tell you to do your homework .

Ich sollte dir eigentlich nicht sagen müssen, dass du deine Hausaufgabe machen sollst.

Hausaufgaben

work that is done at home [..]

I'd like to know why you didn't finish your homework on time.

Ich möchte gerne wissen, warum du deine Hausaufgaben nicht rechtzeitig erledigt hast.

Schularbeit

I wanted you to help me with my homework .

Ich wollte, dass du mir bei meinen Schularbeiten hilfst.

Less frequent translations

• Schularbeiten
• Schulaufgaben
• Schulaufgabe
• eine offene Frage

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Automatic translations of " homework " into German

Translations with alternative spelling

Homework (film)

"Homework" in English - German dictionary

Currently we have no translations for Homework in the dictionary, maybe you can add one? Make sure to check automatic translation, translation memory or indirect translations.

Images with "homework"

Phrases similar to "homework" with translations into german.

• weekend homework Hausaufgaben am Wochenende
• math homework Mathehausaufgaben
• homework assignment Hausaufgabe · Hausaufgaben · Schulaufgabe
• homework system Heimarbeitssystem
• Homeworking for staff is not envisaged at this time. Heimarbeit für die Beschäftigen ist vorerst nicht angedacht.
• homeworks Schularbeiten · Schulaufgaben
• I'm sorry, I haven't got the homework. Es tut mir Leid, ich habe die Hausaufgabe nicht erledigt|gemacht.
• homework done under supervision Hausaufgabenbetreuung

Translations of "homework" into German in sentences, translation memory

How to say Homework in German?

What does Hausaufgabe mean in English? German translations and examples in context.

Homework is translated in German by...

Example Sentences with Sound Clips.

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German (Deutsch): Homework, Assignments, Worksheets for School Students

February 8, 2022 by studymumbai Leave a Comment

German Holiday Homework for CBSE students.

Fill in the blanks

• drei , fünf ,sieben , neun , elf
• vier ,sechs , acht , zehn , zwölf
• elf , zwölf , dreizehn , vierzehn , fünfzehn
• fünf , acht , elf , vierzehn , siebzehn
• neunzehn , neunundzwanzig , neununddreiβig , neunundvierzig
• fünfzehn , fünfundzwanzig , fünfunddreiβig , fünfundvierzig
• fünfzig , sechzig , siebzig , achtzig , neunzig
• eins , zwei , drei , vier , fünf
• vierundvierzig , vierundfünfzig , vierundsechzig , vierundsiebzig
• neun , neunzehn , neunundzwanzig , neununddreiβig , neunundvierzig

Weekdays and Month Names

Weekdays: Sonntag (Sunday), Montag (Monday), Dienstag (Tuesday), Mittwoch (Wednesday), Donnerstag (Thursday), Freitag (Friday), and Sonnabend or Samstag (Saturday)

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Month names: Januar (January), Februar (February), March (März), April (April), May (Mai), June (Juni), July (Juli), August (August), September (September), October (Oktober), November (November), December (Dezember)

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• Geburtstag:
• Lieblings hobby:

Related: Hallo Deutsch for Class 6 – Notes and Solutions

Class VI, VII and VIII

• Write down 50 German verbs with their meanings.
• Write down the states of Germany with their capitals.
• Name German speaking countries (with their flags).
• Name 20 famous places of Germany (with their cities and pictures).
• Write 10 reasons why you should learn German language.
• Write down 10 specialties of Germany.
• Name 10 famous person of Germany with pictures.
• Name 20 interesting facts about Germany.
• Name 20 historical facts about Germany.

Question: Name 10 Famous inventions of Germany.

• The Printing Press: Invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1456
• Bicycle: Invented by Karl von Drais in 1817
• The Bunsen Burner: Invented by Robert Bunsen in 1855
• Automobile: Invented by Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler in 1886
• Diesel Engine: Invented by Rudolf Diesel in 1896
• Aspirin: Invented by Bayer in 1897
• Adhesive tape: Invented by Oscar Troplowitz in 1901
• Radar System: Invented by Christian Hülsmeyer in 1904
• Helicopter: Invented by Heinrich Focke in 1936
• MP3: Invented by Karlheinz Brandenburg in 1993

Question: Name 5 famous football clubs of Germany.

Answer: The best football clubs in Germany are Bayern München (Bayern Munich), Borussia Dortmund, RB Leipzig, Bayer Leverkusen, Eintracht Frankfurt, SV Werder Bremen

Zahlen 1-10. Write German numbers 1 to 10.

Learn the articles and meanings of the vocabulary of Lesson 1: Stefan, was isst du in der Pause?

Make a PPT showing famous food items (breakfast, lunch and dinner), famous sight-seeings, famous places attracting tourists in Germany and share with the teacher on teams after the vacation.

Zeichnen oder Kleben die Bilder von 10 gesundes Essen und schreiben Sie die Namen von gesundes Essen auf Deutsch.(Draw or paste pictures of 10 healthy food and write their name in German)

Schreiben Sie 10 Wege während Sommer Fit zu bleiben.(Write 10 ways in German to keep yourself fit during Summers in about 100 words)

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION: Inhalt, Vokabular, Sprachkenntnisse, Pünktlichkeit

Revise and practice imperatives.

Learn the articles and meanings of the vocabulary: Tagesablauf während COVID-19

Make a PPT of your daily routine during COVID-19 lockdown time in German using Grammar learnt so far. You can take help from your previous year’s book and notes about daily routine.

Smart Skill – Assignment 1 on page 5 in your German smart skill.

Project work = Create a five panel comic strip on an A4 sized sheet on the topic “Beim Arzt” (At the doctor’s clinic) . Think of any comic incident that might happen with you at the doctor’s clinic. haThe depiction must be done in a humorous manner. Content has to be only in GERMAN.

This project will be assessed. Rubrics for assessment are as follows: idea/ content – 4, Creativity- 3, Artistic skill- 3, Total Marks = 10

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▾ dictionary english-german, homework noun —, hausaufgabe f (often used), hausaufgaben pl (often used), hausarbeit f, schulaufgaben pl, homework assignment n —, homework supervision n —, some homework n —, homework book n —, homework help n —, homework assistance n —, homework support n —, written homework n —, homework system n —, homework done under supervision n —, homework assignments pl —, do one's homework v —, homework books pl —, ▸ wikipedia, ▾ external sources (not reviewed).

• This is not a good example for the translation above.
• The wrong words are highlighted.
• It does not match my search.
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The 20 Most Fun and Interesting Germany Facts You Didn’t Know

G ermany is a gorgeous country in Europe that boasts vast forest land and the infamous Alps. Countless unique characteristics of Germany make it stand out from other European countries. Whether you’re looking to visit or planning a permanent move, here are the 20 most fun and interesting facts about Germany.

1. There Are Around 48,000 Animal Species in Germany

There are around 48,000 animal species in Germany — many of which are insects and birds.

2. The Largest Train Station in Europe Is Located in Germany 

Leipzig, Berlin, Germany is home to the largest train station in all of Europe (measured by floor area): Leipzig Hauptbahnhof, or Leipzig Central Station. The station opened in 1915 and is 83,460 square meters .

3. One-Third of Germany’s Land Area Is Forests 

That’s right — around 33% of Germany consists of forests and wooded areas. For reference, that’s around 11.4 million hectares of land.

4. Germany Is the Largest Economy in the European Union (EU)

Not only is Germany the fourth largest economy in the world , but it is also the No. 1 largest in all of the EU. 

5. Oktoberfest Originated in Munich, Germany

The first Oktoberfest took place in Munich, Germany in the year 1810. Since then, it has become a worldwide celebration and beer festival.

6. Germany Is Home to the Narrowest Street in the World

The narrowest street in the world is located in Reutlingen, Germany. Originally named “Spreuerhofstrasse,” the street measures 31 cm (1 ft 0.2 in) at its narrowest point and 50 cm at its widest.

7. The “Christmas Tree” Tradition Started in Germany

Have you ever wondered where the tradition of putting up a Christmas tree during the holiday season originated? Well, it turns out this custom started in Germany during the 16th century. 

8. It Is Legal to Escape Prison in Germany

If you escape prison in Germany, you cannot be punished for it, as it is considered human nature to crave freedom. Of course, you will be on the hook for any damages or violence you commit during or after the fact.

9. Germany Contains the Most Castles in the World

Germany is known for its gorgeous, expansive castles. In fact, experts estimate that there are around 25,000 castles — possibly more — throughout the country. 

10. Germany Has Over 3,000 Types of Bread

According to experts, there are over 3,000 types of bread in Germany. Just like beer is a major part of Germany’s culture, bread (and other baked goods) is a staple in the country.

11. Germany Was the First Country to Adopt Daylight Saving Time

In 1916, Germany became the first country in the world to observe daylight savings. It started as a way to conserve energy resources during World War I and was eventually adopted by more countries during World War II.

12. Germany Has Banned Certain Baby Names

Many countries have bans on certain baby names, but Germany tends to be on the stricter side. For instance, the country has banned the use of last names, object names, product names, and names that could negatively impact the child’s mental health (e.g. would cause humiliation) as first names. In the past, you couldn’t even use gender-neutral names in Germany, but that restriction is said to have become looser in recent years.

13. Germany Is “The Land of Poets and Thinkers”

Many people use the phrase “Das Land der Dichter und Denker” to describe Germany, which translates to “The Land of Poets and Thinkers.” This name can be attributed to Germany’s significant progressions in and contributions to art, literature, and philosophy.

14. Beer Is a Staple ‘Food’ in Germany

Germany refers to its beer as “liquid bread,” treating it like its own food item. In fact, the country is infamous for its beer culture and abundance of breweries. 

15. There Are Around 90 Billon Trees in Germany

As mentioned earlier, much of Germany is made up of forests and woodland. Consequently, the country has around 90 billion trees in total.

16. There Are Over 1,200 Types of Sausages in Germany

Another staple food item in Germany is sausage. In fact, the country boasts around 1,200 different kinds of sausages. 

17. Some of Germany’s Autobahn Have No Speed Limits

Did you know that over half of Germany’s autobahn has no speed limit? Even so, it is still recommended drivers do not exceed 80 mph.

18. Most of Germany’s Taxis Are Mercedes

If you’re taking a taxi in Germany, you will be traveling in style, as most of the taxis in the country are Mercedes.

19. Germany Borders Nine Countries

You read that right — Germany borders a whopping nine neighbors, including Denmark , Netherlands , Belgium , Luxembourg , France , Switzerland , Austria , Czech Republic , and Poland . 

20. Germany Is a Country of Readers

Germany is a country filled with avid bookworms. Furthermore, the reading culture in this European country is advanced, and tourists will often see residents with open books while commuting to work or even sitting at the cafe.

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