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German translation of ' case study'

Examples of 'case study' in a sentence case study

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In other languages case study

• American English : case study / ˈkeɪs ˌstʌdi /
• Brazilian Portuguese : estudo de caso
• Chinese : 个案研究
• European Spanish : estudio
• French : étude de cas
• German : Fallstudie
• Italian : studio di caso
• Japanese : 事例研究
• Korean : 사례 연구
• European Portuguese : estudo de caso
• Spanish : estudio

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English-German translation for "case study"

"case study" german translation, „case study“ : noun, overview of all translations.

• Einzelfallstudie feminine | Femininum f case study sociology | Soziologie SOZIOL case study sociology | Soziologie SOZIOL

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Translations for „ case “ in the English » German Dictionary (Go to German » English )

Case 1 [keɪs] n, 1. case (situation, instance) :, 2. case (matter) :, 3. case law :, 4. case med :, 5. case usu sing (arguments) :, 6. case no pl law (evidence) :, 7. case fig (person) :, 8. case no pl inf (nerves) :, 9. case ling :, case 2 [keɪs] n, 1. case (suitcase) :, 2. case (for display) :, 3. case (packaging plus contents) :, 5. case (of a computer) :, 6. case typo :, case 3 [keɪs] vb trans inf.

at · ˈta · ché case N

Capi · tal ˈcase n law, ˈcar · tridge case n, ˈcase book n, case ˈhis · to · ry n, ˈcase law n no pl law, ˈcase study n, ciga · ˈrette case n, ˈcourt case n, dis · ˈplay case n, ˈhard case n, 1. hard case (criminal person) :, 2. hard case aus , nz inf :, 3. hard case (social hardship) :, examples from the pons dictionary (editorially verified), examples from the internet (not verified by pons editors).

Ultrasound flow measurement technologies are based on this principle.

For simple cases , it is sufficient to integrally determine the fluid velocity, but more complex cases , especially in complicated multi-phase-fluids, require the determination of the flow profile.

Although being used for more than 30 years in the market, ultrasound measuring systems have only been accepted in the last years.

Die Ultraschall-Durchflussmessv... basieren, wie auch viele andere physikalische Messprinzipien, auf dieser Messgröße.

Für einfache Fälle genügt ein integrales Bestimmen der Fluidgeschwindigkeit, komplexere Fälle , insbesondere bei schwierigen Strömungseigenschaften und Mehrphasenfluiden, erfordern die Bestimmung des Strömungsprofiles.

Obwohl schon etwa 30 Jahre auf dem Markt vertreten, erfahren die Ultraschallmesssysteme erst in den letzten Jahren eine starke Akzeptanz, bedingt durch die Fortschritte in Sensorik und Elektronik.

Results achieved so far Municipal authorities have significantly improved their transparency and accountability by introducing public participation and raising the efficiency of their service delivery.

In many cases , this has gone hand-in-hand with increases in municipal revenue.

For example, between 2010 and 2011, property tax revenues in Sreepur rose from about 40% to 60% of the total potential income.

Wirkung – Was bisher erreicht wurde Die kommunalen Behörden arbeiten transparenter und kommen ihrer Rechenschaftspflicht umfassender nach, indem sie die Öffentlichkeit verstärkt in Entscheidungsprozesse einbinden und die Qualität der öffentlichen Dienstleistungen verbessern.

In vielen Fällen ging dies mit einem Anstieg der kommunalen Einnahmen einher.

So stiegen die Grundsteuereinnahmen in der Stadt Sreepur zwischen 2010 und 2011 von 40 Prozent auf 60 Prozent des gesamten Einnahmenpotenzials.

Whoever takes part in a language course in preparation for their studies cannot get health insurance from a public health fund.

In this case you must opt for private health insurance.

Once the language course has been completed students who are younger than 30 can change to the public health insurance for the duration of their studies.

Wer in Deutschland an einem studienvorbereitenden Sprachkurs teilnimmt, kann sich nicht in einer gesetzlichen Krankenkasse versichern.

In diesem Fall muss eine private Versicherung gewählt werden.

Ist der Sprachkurs beendet, können Studierende, die jünger als 30 sind, für ihr Studium in die gesetzliche Krankenkasse wechseln.

So you can enforce your claims and sue the offender / s for damages and injuries.

In case of that you probably may testify as a witness in court.

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Sollten der oder die Täter ermittelt / ergriffen werden, wird Ihnen dies die Polizei mitteilen, so dass Sie auch zivilrechtliche Ansprüche geltend machen können.

In diesem Fall ist es wahrscheinlich, dass Sie als Zeuge im Strafverfahren vor Gericht erneut aussagen müssen.

In case of an online form you can track the processing stage.

In any case the public prosecutor`s office in charge of your case will inform you of the outcome of the proceedings in a written form.

Bei einer online erstatteten Strafanzeige, können Sie weiterhin den aktuellen Bearbeitungsstand verfolgen.

In jedem Fall werden Sie jedoch schriftlich über den Ausgang des Verfahrens durch die zuständige Staatsanwaltschaft informiert.

( 1 ) Extrabudgetary expenditure shall require the consent of the Senate in the case of an unforeseen and compelling necessity.

( 2 ) The subsequent consent of the House of Representatives is to be obtained for extrabudgetary expenditure.

( 1 ) Haushaltsüberschreitungen dürfen nur mit Zustimmung des Senats im Falle eines unvorhergesehenen und unabweisbaren Bedürfnisses vorgenommen werden.

( 2 ) Für Haushaltsüberschreitungen ist die nachträgliche Genehmigung des Abgeordnetenhauses einzuholen.

In such cases rapid improvement after correction of the Atlas should not be expected.

The following products are highly recommended in this case :

CMO ( Cetyl Myristoleate )

In diesem Fall ist keine schnelle Verbesserung durch eine Atlaskorrektur zu erwarten.

Sehr empfehlenswert sind in diesem Fall folgende Produkte:

Consequently, most of the biogas produced by Brazil ’s numerous anaerobic sewage treatment plants is still being either flared off or released directly into the atmosphere.

In only a few cases is biogas from landfills being used to generate electricity.

There are very few plants in use within the agricultural sector which utilise the energy content of incidental biogas.

So wird das auf den zahlreichen anaeroben Kläranlagen anfallende Biogas meist noch abgefackelt oder entweicht unkontrolliert.

Mit Biogas aus Deponien wird erst in wenigen Fällen Strom generiert.

Im landwirtschaftlichen Sektor sind kaum Anlagen mit energetischer Verwertung der anfallenden Biogase anzutreffen.

Eight entrepreneurs have, for example, developed new products or services or have introduced improvements to their processes.

In four cases an increase in sales of more than 30 % was reported.

The so-called ‘ Mesas Técnicas de Innovación ’ in Guatemala and Honduras are helping to improve communication, coordination and cooperation among the important stakeholders of the innovation system.

Acht Unternehmer haben beispielsweise neue Produkte oder Dienstleistungen entwickelt oder Prozessverbesserungen umgesetzt.

In vier Fällen konnte eine Umsatzsteigerung von mehr als 30 Prozent erreicht werden.

In Guatemala und Honduras verbessern sogenannte Mesas Técnicas de Innovación Austausch, Koordination und Kooperation wichtiger Akteure des Innovationssystems.

» However, as soon as technical tools stop working, we become helpless «, notes Niklas.

With his knowledge, it would not only be possible to save fuel on a camping trip or improve the menu with berries and mushrooms – his skills help to survive in case of an emergency !

Niklas has camped outside at minus 30 degrees without a sleeping bag on a bed of fir branches;

» Aber sobald die technischen ­ Hilfsmittel ­ ihren Geist ­ aufgeben, beginnt die Hilflosigkeit «, hat Niklas ­ beobachtet.

Mit seinem Wissen hingegen könne man nicht nur bei einem Campingtrip Brennstoff sparen oder den Speiseplan mit Beeren und Pilzen aufpeppen – sein Wissen helfe im ­ Notfall beim Überleben!

Niklas hat auch schon bei minus 30 Grad Kälte ohne Schlafsack auf einem Bett aus Tannenzweigen übernachtet;

As an employee you will be centrally fed, you will receive a place in the team camp and a team scarf.

To be insured in case of emergency it is necessary to register with the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts in Austria.

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Als MitarbeiterIn wirst du zentral verpflegt, du bekommst ein Lagerhalstuch und für die Übernachtung ist Platz im Teamlager.

Um im Notfall entsprechend versichert zu sein ist eine Registrierung bei den Pfadfindern und Pfadfinderinnen Österreichs notwendig.

Hinterlasse eine Antwort Antworten abbrechen

Important advice for those with smart phones : you can download a Mountain Services application onto your phone.

This will provide you not only with the latest weather forecasts but also, in case of emergency , it makes it easier for rescuers to locate you.

Euroregion Praded

Ein wichtiger Rat für die Besitzer der sog. klugen Telefone : laden Sie in Ihr Handy die Applikation mit dem Namen Horská služba ( Bergrettungsdiens ).

Sie bekommen nicht nur aktuelle Wetterberichte, sondern im Notfall erfahren die Bergretter auch leicht, wo Sie sich gerade befinden.

The formulations were trimmed to fit the various flooring needs in car parks.

For safety in parking houses and good orientation in case of emergency like fire or power outage, SWARCO offers so-called afterglow marking systems that contain pigments which are incited by external light sources and then continue to glow for a certain period of time once the light source is no longer on.

Our customers can choose among the following products:

Unsere Systeme wurden besonders schmutzabweisend formuliert und auf die Erfordernisse der unterschiedlichsten Bodenbeläge eingestellt.

Für die Sicherheit im Parkhaus und zur guten Orientierung im Notfall , wie z.B. bei Stromausfall oder Brand, bietet SWARCO so genannte Nachleuchtsysteme an, die Spezialpigmente enthalten, die durch externe Lichtquellen angeregt werden und dann eine Zeit lang nachleuchten, sobald die Lichtquelle nicht mehr an ist.

Unsere Kunden haben die Auswahl zwischen folgenden Produkten:

How can we maintain our critical business processes ?

How can our critical business procedures still operate at a tolerable level in case of emergency ?

How can we minimize losses and consequences?

Wie werden die kritischen Geschäftsprozesse aufrechterhalten ?

Wie können die kritischen Geschäftsprozesse im Notfall auf einem akzeptierbaren Level weiter operieren?

Wie werden Verluste und Auswirkungen minimiert?

Lever harp CAMAC, Mélusine model, 38 strings, mahogany, packed in a custom-built flight case

All our harps are supplied with a tuning key and a complete new set of BOW BRAND or PIRASTRO strings in a sealed case, so you will always have a spare with you in case of emergency .

Calculation of the strings after use.

Hakenharfe CAMAC, Modell Mélusine, 38 Saiten, Mahagony, verpackt im maßgefertigten Flightcase

Jede unserer Harfen wird mit einem Stimmschlüssel und einem original verpackten Komplettsatz BOW BRAND oder PIRASTRO Saiten in einem versiegelten Koffer geliefert, sodass im Notfall immer Ersatzsaiten bei Ihnen vor Ort sind.

Die Berechnung der Saiten erfolgt nach Verbrauch.

A loss of vision may occur progressively without being noticed by the child.

In infants under 2 years, a general clinical deterioration occurs in most cases .

Kernspintomogramm

Ein Verlust der Sehkraft, der so genannte Visusverlust, kann progressiv auftreten, ohne dass dies vom Kind bemerkt wird.

Bei Kindern unter 2 Jahren tritt meistens eine allgemein klinische Verschlechterung auf.

Block copolymers are macromolecules, consisting of two or more covalently joined homopolymer blocks.

This special molecular architecture und the chemical incompatibility lead in most cases to a microphase separation and, hence, the development of nano-scaled morphologies.

By variation of the molecular architecture and by direction of the morphology development, e.g. via processing or blending, the mechanical behaviour can be tailored over a wide range.

Blockcopolymere sind Makromoleküle, die aus zwei oder mehreren kovalent miteinander verbundenen Homopolymerblöcken bestehen.

Der spezielle molekulare Aufbau und die chemische Unverträglichkeit der Blöcke resultieren meistens in einer Mikrophasenseparation und damit in der Ausbildung von Morphologien auf nanoskaliger Ebene.

Über eine Veränderung der molekularen Architektur und durch die gezielte Beeinflussung der Morphologie, unter anderem über die Verarbeitung oder Herstellung von Blendsystemen, können die mechanischen Eigenschaften über einen weiten Bereich variiert werden.

Restaurant ‘ Mlaska ’ combines mediteranian and continental top-quality dishes.

Emphasizing the nature effect, at Mlaska restaurant we can offer you dishes made only from meat of home grown cattle, freshly caught fish (sometimes in the very Mlaska bay), fresh fruit and vegetables, all of them produced naturally without any genetic modifications and in most cases without any artificial ingredients.

Our specialties are fish and crabs, grill, but simpler dishes as spaghetti or risottos are available as well.

Das Restaurant „ Mlaska “ verbindet mediterrane und kontinentale Köstlichkeiten.

Da wir in unserer Küche nur natürliche Zutaten verwenden, servieren wir unseren Gästen ausschließlich Speisen mit heimischen Produkten – Fleisch von einheimischem Vieh, frisch gefangenem Fisch (manchmal sogar aus der Mlaska Bucht), frisches Obst und Gemüse aus biologischer Landwirtschaft, genetisch unverändert und meistens ohne künstliche Zusätze.

Unsere Spezialitäten sind Fisch, Krebse und der Grill, bieten aber auch einfachere Gerichte wie Spaghetti und Risottos an.

Are you also interested in a completely different speciality ?

History, psychology and art (in this order – in most cases ) 7. What profession did you aim for as a child?

Gibt es ein völlig anderes Fach, das Sie ebenfalls interessiert ?

Geschichte, Psychologie und Kunst (in dieser Reihenfolge – meistens ;-)) 7. Berufswunsch als Kind?

Another option is a car ferry from Italy to Patras and then on to Stoupa ( 250km ).

Accommodations are simple to luxurious and in most cases set up for self-catering.

Oder aber per Auto über Italien, Fähre von Italien nach Patras und von dort wieder mit dem Auto nach Stoupa ( 25o km ).

Die Unterkünfte sind einfach, sehr komfortabel oder sogar luxuriös und meistens zur Selbstverpflegung ausgestattet.

To ignore the pain or bravely suffer them is no wise alternative.

Frequently the first pain disappears again – but in the most cases it will come back, but unfortunately stronger.

A not or too late treated tooth will affect the pulp.

Schmerzen zu ignorieren oder tapfer zu ertragen, ist keine sinnvolle Alternative.

Oft verschwindet der erste Schmerz wieder – meistens kommt er aber, leider stärker, zurück.

Ein nicht oder zu spät behandelter Zahn kann die Pulpa angreifen.

The Honda logo was first used in 1963 on the then newly-presented Mini-Transporter T360.

Since then, there have been minor modifications to the logo, but in most cases just the line width of the "H" was adjusted.

Das Honda - Logo kam das erste Mal 1963 zum Einsatz, damals auf dem neu erschienenen Mini-Transporter T360.

Seitdem hat das Logo einige kleine Veränderungen durchgemacht, meistens wurde aber nur die Strichstärke des "H" variiert.

Since then, there have been minor modifications to the logo, but in most cases just the line width of the " H " was adjusted.

Seitdem hat das Logo einige kleine Veränderungen durchgemacht, meistens wurde aber nur die Strichstärke des " H " variiert.

If this examination is also inconclusive, a magnetic resonance tomography ( MRT ) is normally carried out, to rule out the existence of brain tumors or other alterations in the brain.

If these tests are also negative, then from the doctor's point of view the patient is regarded as structurally sound and medications are prescribed, which occasionally bring about an improvement, but in most cases leave things as they were:

Wenn auch diese Untersuchung ohne Befund bleibt, wird in der Regel eine Magnet-Resonanz-Tomographie ( MRT ) durchgeführt, um das Vorhandensein von Hirntumoren oder anderen Veränderungen des Gehirns auszuschliessen.

Wenn auch diese Tests negativ ausfallen, gilt der Patient aus ärztlicher Sicht als strukturell gesund und es werden Medikamente verabreicht, die manchmal eine Besserung hervorrufen, aber in den meisten Fällen endet es wie gehabt:

If these tests are also negative, then from the doctor s point of view the patient is regarded as structurally sound and medications are prescribed, which occasionally bring about an improvement, but in most cases leave things as they were: the patient will have to learn to live with the dizziness.

Wenn auch diese Tests negativ ausfallen, gilt der Patient aus ärztlicher Sicht als strukturell gesund und es werden Medikamente verabreicht, die manchmal eine Besserung hervorrufen, aber in den meisten Fällen endet es wie gehabt: der Patient muss lernen, mit dem Schwindel zu leben.

Ecological and social standards have dominated the debate on sustainability in tourism for a long time.

The realisation that nature environments are in most cases the main tourist attraction has led to a number of private and public initiatives to promote and award prizes for environmental management.

Standards and certification provide benchmarks for individual and multi-lateral objectives in tourism.

Öko- und Sozialstandards sind schon seit langem ein Schwerpunktthema in der Nachhaltigkeitsdebatte im Tourismus.

Die Erkenntnis, dass die Natur in den meisten Fällen die wichtigste touristische Attraktion darstellt hat dazu geführt, dass es etliche privatwirtschaftliche wie auch öffentliche Initiativen gibt, die Umweltmanagement fördern und auszeichnen.

Standards und Zertifizierung setzen auch im Tourismus den Rahmen für die individuellen oder auch multilateralen Zielsetzungen.

sulphur dioxide, food products, sensory characters, durability

When fruits and vegetables are processed to food products such as wine and snacks, in most cases sulphur dioxide (SO2) has a finger in the pie.

The SO2SAY project will develop a strategy to replace the application of sulphur dioxide or its salts for almost all food products.

Schwefeldioxid, Lebensmittel, Haltbarkeit, sensorische Eigenschaften

Wenn Obst und Gemüse zu Lebensmitteln wie Wein und Snacks verarbeitet werden, ist in den meisten Fällen Schwefeldioxid (SO2) mit im Spiel.

Im SO2SAY-Projekt entwickeln die Partner eine Strategie, Schwefeldioxid und dessen Salze in nahezu allen Lebensmitteln zu ersetzen.

This attenuated totally reflected beam gets measured and the resulting signal gets converted into an infrared spectrum by means of a Fourier transformation.

ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy has the advantage over transmission measurements that in most cases the measurement of liquid, pasty and solid sample can be executed without extensive sample preparation, simply by applying the sample directly onto the crystal.

Screenshot:

Dieser abgeschwächte totalreflektierte Strahl wird vermessen und mit Hilfe einer Fouriertransformation in ein IR-Spektrum umgewandelt.

Die ATR-FT-IR-Spektroskopie weist gegenüber Transmissionsmessungen den Vorteil auf, dass in den meisten Fällen flüssige, pastöse und feste Proben ohne aufwendige Probenvorbereitung direkt auf die Kristalloberfläche aufgetragen und anschließend vermessen werden können.

In most cases it involves stays of one semester that can frequently be extended ( but often without Erasmus funding ).

In most cases in which the contract length is 10 months, there is also the possibility to just go abroad for one semester.

In very few cases (this is noted in the list) do you HAVE to stay there for 10 months.

In den meisten Fällen handelt es sich um einsemestrige Aufenthalte, die häufig auch verlängert werden können ( dann oft ohne Erasmus-Förderung ).

In den meisten Fällen , in denen die Vertragsdauer 10 Monate beträgt, hat man auch die Möglichkeit, nur ein Semester zu gehen.

In sehr seltenen Fällen (das wird dann in der Liste vermerkt) MUSS man für 10 Monate dort studieren.

The Debian package maintenance system :

The entire system, or any individual component of it, can be upgraded in place without reformatting, without losing custom configuration files, and ( in most cases ) without rebooting the system.

Most Linux distributions available today have some kind of package maintenance system; the Debian package maintenance system is unique and particularly robust (see Chapter 7, `Basics of the Debian package management system').

Das Paketverwaltungssystem von Debian :

Das ganze System oder jede einzelne seiner Komponenten kann im laufenden Betrieb aktualisiert werden, ohne neu formatieren zu müssen, ohne angepasste Konfigurationsdateien zu verlieren und ( in den meisten Fällen ) ohne Neustart des Systems.

Die meisten heutzutage erhältlichen Linux-Distributionen bringen ein Paketverwaltungssystem mit; das Paketverwaltungssystem von Debian ist einzigartig und besonders robust (siehe Kapitel 7, `Grundlagen des Debian-Paketverwaltungssyst...

Young women who oppose cissexual and religious conservatism, in Georgia for instance, often are the objects of public aggression.

The representatives of religious or ethnic minorities, as well as persons with disabilities, in most cases become the victims of discrimination.

Aggressive homophobia in the name of nationalism ( “ A Georgian and an orthodox cannot be gay ” ) is the manifestation of radical attitude of the society.

Auch junge Frauen, die z.B. in Georgien gegen den heteronormativen und religiösen Konservativismus auftreten, werden oft zu Objekten der öffentlichen Aggression.

Vertreter von religiösen oder ethnischen Minderheiten und auch Behinderte werden in den meisten Fällen diskriminiert.

Die mit einer nationalistischen Färbung ( „ ein Georgier und Orthodoxer kann nicht homosexuell sein “ ) gekennzeichnete aggressive Homophobie ist eine radikale Erscheinung der gesellschaftlichen Stimmung.

Pferdebesitzer vermieten ihre Tiere zu festen Konditionen an Touristen © GIZ

Unspoiled nature is in most cases the main tourist attraction.

Scenery and beaches, the animal and plant kingdom and the air and water quality must be protected and continually improved if they are to be successfully used for tourism.

Die Natur ist in den meisten Fällen die wichtigste touristische Attraktion.

Die Erhaltung und Bereicherung der Landschaft, der Tier- und Pflanzenwelt, der Strände und der Wasser- und Luftqualität ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche touristische Nutzung.

Also only a fractional part of the water vapor-volume was set free with it.

So toilets were outside the apartment, in most cases , there was a water-wiring point, there were not any washing machines and where no bathroom existed, one went into the public bath-institutions.

/ 7 /

Damit wurde auch nur ein Bruchteil der Wasserdampfmenge freigesetzt.

So waren Toiletten außerhalb der Wohnung, in den meisten Fällen gab es eine Wasserzapfstelle, es gab keine Waschmaschinen und wo kein Badezimmer vorhanden war, ging man in die öffentlichen Badeanstalten.

If you want to search for the plugin and download from the Internet type Contact Form 7 in the search field.

In case the plugin is included into the template package you ordered click Upload link and Browse for the plugin file in the template sources/plugins folder.

Wenn Sie das Plugin im Internet finden und herunterladen möchten, tippen Sie Contact Form 7 im Suchfeld.

Falls es sich dieses Plugin schon in der bezahlenden Vorlage befindet, drücken Sie den Link Upload (Hochladen) und finden Sie die Plugin Datei im sources/plugins Ordner Ihrer Vorlage.

At the end of the stay the listed fee will be charged for final cleaning.

In case more intensive cleaning work will be necessary, the costs involved will be charged.

Prices for the weekly cleaning service *:

Am Ende des Mietverhältnisses sind die Kosten für eine Endreinigung zu entrichten.

Falls darüber hinaus ein intensiverer Reinigungsaufwand erforderlich wird, werden die Kosten hierfür nach Aufwand berechnet.

Gebühren für wöchentliche Zwischenreinigung*:

is selected.

In case "Previous Import" shows, then click on it and select All Photographs instead.

ausgewählt ist.

Falls dort "Letzter Import" angezeigt wird, klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste darauf und wählen stattdessen die Option Alle Fotos aus.

LATVALA, Jari-Matti / ANTTILA, Miikka :

"I chose soft tyres to be safe in case of rain.

"Ich hatte mich für weiche Reifen entschieden, denn ich wollte sicher gehen, falls es geregnet hätte.

Laundry coupons are available at the reception, as well as buggies, back carriers, sledges, skis and skiing equipment for children and much more.

Here you can also find the correct person to contact, in case of complaint:

We want you and your baby (or babies) to be happy and we hope you have a pleasant stay.

Ebenso wie Buggies, Rückentragen, Rodel, Ski und Skiausrüstung für Kinder und vieles mehr.

Hier finden Sie auch den richtigen Ansprechpartner, falls es Kritik gibt:

Wir möchten, dass Sie sich mit Ihrem Baby (oder Ihren Babys) bei uns wohlfühlen und wünschen Ihnen einen schönen Aufenthalt.

We send you the latest press releases and Ad hoc Announcements.

In the case that your subscription data has changed, we kindly ask you to register once again.

Your personal information is completely confidential.

Sie erhalten von uns aktuelle Presse- und Ad-hoc-Mitteilungen.

Falls sich Ihre Nutzungsdaten geändert haben, bitten wir Sie, sich einfach neu zu registrieren.

Ihre Daten werden von uns vertraulich behandelt.

As soon as a customer enters the room with tagged items, the RFID system detects those automatically and determines the accoring product category.

In case different categories were detected the system plays a neutral video on both screens.

Betritt der Kunde mit gekennzeichneten Artikeln die Kabine, werden diese vom RFID-System automatisch erfasst und die zugehörige Sortimentskategorie ermittelt.

Falls Artikel aus unterschiedlichen Kategorien erfasst wurden, wird ein neutrales Video auf den beiden Monitoren wiedergegeben.

Product overview SWITCH 300 switch box VS 400 video splitter REC 400 digital video recorder Cable kits Easylink monitor mount Camera mounts

Accessories for video systems – just in case

WAECO PerfectView SWITCH 300

Produktübersicht SWITCH 300 Schaltbox VS 400 Videosplitter REC 400 Digitaler Videorekorder Kabelpakete Easylink Monitor-Halterung Kamerabefestigungen

Zubehör für Videosysteme – für alle Fälle

Print Technique

A bag just in case .

This classic tote bag carries your groceries, text books and everything else you can easily strap around your shoulders.

Die Tasche für alle Fälle .

In diesem klassischen Jutebeutel transportierst Du vom Einkauf bis zum Bücherstapel für die Uni einfach alles auf der leichten Schulter.

This setting has no effect in a 32bit OS, so we highly recommend to switch to "x86" in any case .

Da diese Einstellung keinen Einfluss auf die Ausführung unter einem 32bit Betriebsystem hat, empfehlen wir dringend, diese Option in jedem Fall entsprechend umzustellen.

The choice if colour is sometimes really at the pain barrier.

Spherical is in no case a bad game, but it does not really blow my mind.

6 out of 10 points. "

Die Farbwahl ist allerdings mitunter wirklich hart an der Schmerzgrenze.

Schlecht ist Spherical auf keinen Fall , haut mich jetzt aber auch nicht so von den Füßen.

6 von 10 Punkten. "

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Adults should be just before a surgery where possible in an optimal overall health and rested constitution.

Fourteen days before the surgery, you may in no case aspirin or similar medication, since they inhibit blood clotting.

If you regularly take other medications, discuss this beforehand with the doctor.

Erwachsene sollten gerade vor einer OP möglichst in einer optimalen gesundheitlichen und ausgeruhten Gesamtverfassung sein.

Vierzehn Tage vor dem Eingriff dürfen Sie auf keinen Fall Aspirin oder ähnliche Medikamente einnehmen, da diese die Blutgerinnung hemmen.

Wenn Sie regelmäßig andere Medikamente einnehmen, besprechen Sie das vorher mit dem Arzt.

This is data about the page from which the file has been retrieved, the name of the requested file, the date, the time and the length of the retrieval, the data volume transferred as well as the access status ( for example file transferred, file not found ).

The data stored is evaluated exclusively for statistical purposes and in no case passed on to third parties.

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Das sind Daten über die Seite, von der aus die Datei angefordert wurde, der Name der angeforderten Datei, das Datum, Uhrzeit und Dauer der Anforderung, die übertragene Datenmenge sowie der Zugriffsstatus ( z.B. Datei übertragen, Datei nicht gefunden ).

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Sofern innerhalb des Internetangebotes die Möglichkeit zur Eingabe persönlicher oder geschäftlicher Daten ( E-Mail-Adressen, Namen, Anschriften ) besteht, so erfolgt die Preisgabe dieser Daten seitens des Nutzers auf ausdrücklich freiwilliger Basis.

The ( unofficial ) French » Une famille formidable « fan site www.unefamilleformidable.fr is worth a visit as well.

And in no case forget to throw a glance on Corbis for a lot of press photos free of charge.

For info and autographs - the agency:

Die ebenfalls ( unoffizielle ) französische » Une famille formidable « Fanseite www.unefamilleformidable.fr sollten Sie sich auch ansehen.

Und wegen jeder Menge kostenloser Pressefotos sollten Sie auf keinen Fall vergessen bei Corbis vorbei zu schauen.

Für Info und Autogramme - die Künstleragentur:

Solve now the remaining functions in any order.

Note however that in no case before 6 a and 6 c ideal-proves 3 c before 4 a be solve should.

Much success!

Lösen Sie nun die restlichen Aufgaben in beliebiger Reihenfolge.

Beachten Sie aber, daß 3 c auf keinen Fall vor 6 a und 6 c idealerweise vor 4 a gelöst werden sollte.

Viel Erfolg!"

This also means that the pressurised containers, hoses, gaskets and manometers of the service stations must be designed to fit these properties.

The “new” refrigerant must in no case be used in service equipment intended for use with R 134a refrigerant.

Different conditions will also apply to the storage of refrigerant in workshops.

Auch die Druckbehälter, Schläuche, Dichtungen und Manometer der Servicestationen müssen unbedingt auf diese Eigenschaften abgestimmt sein.

Das „neue“ Kältemittel darf auf gar keinen Fall in Servicegeräten, die für den Umgang mit R 134a gedacht sind, verarbeitet werden.

Für die Lagerung des Kältemittelvorrats in der Werkstatt gelten ebenfalls andere Bedingungen als bisher.

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German Cases Explained

First, let’s address the big question: What is a case?

In any language,  a case is a  way to show how a word integrates into a sentence . It’s kind of like looking at a schematic of a building and figuring out how the floors, stairs, rooms and hallways fit together.

There are four German cases: nominative, accusative, dative and genitive. Most German sentences include at least one case, but it’s rare that you’ll see all four cases in a single sentence.

Knowing your cases is vital in German, as many words change depending on what case they are in. 

So without further ado, let’s learn the German cases!

Tips for Learning the German Cases

Memorize declensions and genders, understand the various uses of the nominative.

• Know the difference between direct and indirect objects

Learn the 31 most common prepositions

Resources for practicing german cases, and one more thing....

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere. Click here to get a copy. (Download)

The nominative case is first on our list because it’s typically first in the sentence, and it’s the case you’ll probably get the most practice in.

In this section, we’ll focus on the most common use, where the nominative case is the subject of the sentence.

(As you move up in fluency and create more complex sentences, you may use entire phrases as the subject in the nominative case. And later we’ll see examples of a double nominative, or no nominative at all—but don’t worry about these yet!)

When you start learning German, you often begin sentences with ich (I). For example:

Ich heiße… ( I’m called…)

Ich bin… ( I am…)

In both of these phrases,  ich is in the nominative case, as the sentence’s subject. Here’s another example:

Sarah wohnt in Berlin. ( Sarah lives in Berlin.)

Here, Sarah is the subject of the sentence and so is in the nominative case. Notice that the verb wohnen (to live, reside) is conjugated in the er/sie/es (he/she/it) form, since we’re talking in the third person. 

That leads us to two tips for recognizing the nominative case:

• Verb conjugation. The verb will typically be conjugated in relation to the subject of the sentence, and the subject of the sentence will be in the nominative case.
• Definite and indefinite articles. The nominative case will only use der ,  die  or  das for definite articles, and ein or eine for indefinite aricles.

If either of these characteristics doesn’t fit, we move on to the next candidate—the accusative case.

The accusative case is typically used for the direct object of the sentence , though there are accusative prepositions and accusative pronouns as well.

The accusative occurs almost as often as the nominative case . What’s great about the accusative case is that it’s pretty easy to identify:

• Start by looking for multiple nouns and/or pronouns within the sentence.
• Determine which noun/pronoun is being used with the conjugated verb—this one is in the nominative case.
• Any remaining noun(s)/pronoun(s) are in a different case.
• Look at the verb again to see the relationship it has to the remaining noun(s)/pronoun(s). If they receive the action of the verb, they’re direct objects and qualify as the accusative case.

Looking for a shortcut? Take a look at the masculine noun(s)/pronoun(s) in your sentence. Do they include  den  or  einen ? For example:

Suzie kauft einen Apfel . (Suzie buys an apple .)

Here, the verb kauft (buys) corresponds with Suzie, who is the subject of the sentence and is in the nominative case. The buying action is being done to the apple, which makes it the direct object. And einen Apfel  is in fact in the accusative case!

Here are some more examples:

Sie kaufen den Käse und schneiden ihn . (They buy  the cheese  and cut  it .)

Did you notice the -n ending on the den before Käse? That’s a tell-tale sign of a masculine noun in the accusative case. In the second part of the sentence, the pronoun ihn  replaces  den Käse , also in the accusative case. 

Wir gehen durch den Wald . (We walk through the forest .)

In this example, durch is an accusative preposition, which means that any noun(s)/pronoun(s) following it will always be in the accusative case.

Have no fear—we’ll talk more about this later, and there’s plenty of places for you to practice identifying the accusative !

The German dative case is a bit less defined than the nominative or accusative cases. While the dative case usually occurs as the indirect object of a sentence, it may also show up as prepositions, verbs and pronouns as well.

Let’s look at an example:

Mein Bruder gibt seiner Freundin einen Ring. (My brother gives his girlfriend a ring.)

The brother is the subject in the nominative case and the ring is acted upon as the direct object in the accusative case. As the girlfriend is the recipient of the direct object (the ring), she is the indirect object in the dative case.

So what about the example below?

Mein Kopf tut mir weh. (My head hurts (me) .)

This is where it gets tricky. The verb wehtun (to hurt) is separable and takes a dative object. We say “My head hurts” in English, but in German, you need to state who feels the hurt—me, in the dative case.

If you’ve ever seen or used the verb  sich waschen (to wash oneself), you’ll understand why:

Ich wasche mich. (I wash myself.)

Ich wasche mir die Haare. (I wash my hair.)

When used alone,  sich waschen  is an accusative reflexive verb. However, when we add an object to the sentence, the reference  mich turns from the accusative case to the dative case as mir .

It’s worth taking some time to learn which verbs are always dative . For instance, if someone says something to you, it’s always dative:

Ich habe dir gesagt, dass du um zehn Uhr nach Hause kommen sollst. (I told you to come home at ten o’clock.) 

The dative case isn’t always so complicated though. In fact, there are plenty of prepositions which take the dative case, such as mit  (with, by means of):

Wir fahren mit der Bahn nach Italien. (We’re traveling to Italy  by train .)

So, how can you spot the dative case in action? Go back to those definite and indefinite articles.

Nouns and pronouns in the dative case will change from der , die and das to dem , der and dem , respectively, while plural nouns and pronouns will change from die to den . Indefinite articles reflect the same endings: -em , -er , -em and -en .

Be careful here, because it can be easy to confuse the plural  den  with the accusative masculine  den . Don’t fall for that red herring!

Last but certainly not least, the genitive is typically used to show possession.  Like many of the German cases, the genitive may also appear in prepositions, verbs and pronouns.

Consider this example sentence:

Das Handy meines Bruders ist kaputt. ( My brother’s cell phone is broken. / The cell phone of my   brother is broken.)

To get the genitive down, it’s helpful to remember that “of” part of the phrasing.

For instance, think “the floor of my bedroom” instead of “my bedroom floor.” Or “the song of my people” instead of “my people’s song.” Or even “the eye of my mind” instead of “my mind’s eye.”

German also includes genitive prepositions, such as  außerhalb  (outside of):

Sie wohnt außerhalb der Stadt. (She lives outside of the city. ) 

And when possession isn’t easy to determine, look to your trusty confidential informants—definite and indefinite articles.

The genitive case is simple because its articles only use -es (masculine and neuter) and -er (feminine) endings. If you need help remembering this, try thinking of the phrase “his and hers.” The possessive pronoun “his” has an “s” while “hers” has an “r.”

Note that the genitive case is considered a fancy grammatical remnant of older German language. Some people think it’s more trouble than it’s worth, and it seems that it’s being used less and less .

But of course, it’s still good to be able to recognize and employ it!

In English, you always know where you stand with your articles. Regardless of gender, quantity or who’s doing what action, “the” will always be “the.”

German is far more specific. Memorize the declensions  (which tell you information about a noun’s case, number and gender) to help you recognize each case. Here are definite articles in German (English “the”), for example: 

Recognizing the forms of definite articles in a sentence will help you identify cases that much quicker.

Similarly, memorizing the gender of German nouns is essential, as you’ll be able to confidently assess which article is in use for those that have the same form.

The nominative case is the subject of the sentence. While that’s often just the person or thing doing the action, there are a few more complicated instances of the nominative case.

First, there’s the double nominative. If a sentence only uses some form of the verb sein (to be), then both nouns in the sentence are in the nominative case. For instance:

Die neue Studentin ist  eine Französin aus Paris. ( The new student is a French girl from Paris)

Das Praktikum war die beste Erfahrung meines Lebens. ( The internship was the best experience of my life.)

It makes sense if you think about it, because the sentence doesn’t actually have an object—it just has the same subject twice. However, keep in mind that, as with any rule, there are exceptions and this is not always the case 100% of the time.

Second, there are German sentences without the nominative case.

If you’re just starting German, you might be tempted to say “Ich bin kalt” to say “I am cold,” but instead of describing your temperature, you’re instead making yourself sound emotionally vacant or withdrawn. 

You should instead say “Mir ist kalt,” which literally translates into English as “To me is cold” but is the proper German way to express discomfort when the window is open. Here, there’s only one pronoun, and it’s in the dative case. You’re essentially saying that the environment is cold for you , rather than you just being cold.

Know the difference between direct  and  indirect objects

This will make it much easier for you to distinguish between the accusative and dative cases specifically. Keep in mind that:

• An object which directly receives the effect of an action and is the primary object of the sentence is a direct object. For example: “ Please write the essay .”
• An object which is passively affected by an action and is not the primary object of the sentence is an indirect object. For example: “Tell  him the news.” Note that here, “the news” is the direct object.

This will help you learn German cases because German prepositions take nouns of specific cases.

The most common prepositions can be defined by these four groups:

• Dative prepositions:  ab (away from), aus (out of, from), bei (at, near), mit (with), nach (after, to, according to), seit (since, for), von (from, of), zu (to), gegenüber (across from, opposite).
• Accusative prepositions: bis (to, up to, until), durch (through, by means of), für (for), gegen (against), ohne (without),  um (at, around (time)) and entlang (along).
• Genitive prepositions: außerhalb (outside of), innerhalb (inside of), jenseits (on the other side of, beyond), während (while, during), trotz (despite), and  dank (thanks to).

Dual prepositions:   an (to, on), auf (on, upon), hinter (behind), in (in, into), neben (next to), über (above), unter (under), vor (before, in front of) and zwischen (between, among).

For dual prepositions, it depends on whether the action you are describing is stationary or moving. 

If the subject of the verb is moving, then the noun will be in the accusative case, for example: 

Wir gehen in den Supermarkt.   (We go to the supermarket.) 

The action describes walking, so movement, so the masculine noun Supermarkt goes in the accusative case, so you need to use  den . 

If the subject of the verb is stationary, so not moving, then you put the noun after the preposition in the dative case:

Ich sitze auf der Bank .  (I’m sitting on the bench)

The action described is sitting still, so the feminine noun Bank  goes in the dative case, so you need to use  der . 

So, once you memorize some common prepositions, you’ll know exactly which case you need to use after it.

The best way to better understand German cases is to practice!

I highly recommend you start with diagramming sentences in German. Take your time to determine the case of each noun (pronoun, etc.) in your study sentences, and why they’re in that particular case. Eventually, you’ll start noticing the patterns on your own without having to diagram each sentence.

You can get sentences from a number of places, such as German textbooks , graded readers , TV shows , movies and more.

In fact, reading and listening to how native Germans use cases will help you get familiar with them. You may try listening to German audiobooks or YouTube videos , or you may want to try programs made specifically for language learners.

FluentU takes authentic videos—like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks—and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.

You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download the iOS app or Android app.

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For additional practice and study materials, check out:

• Learn German —hear cases used in level-appropriate situations.
• German.net —practice the nominative case first, or select the area you need the most help with.
• German Prepositions Battleship —test your knowledge of prepositions and their cases by playing this classic game.
• Verbs with Prepositions —use this printout as a reference or commit it to memory.
• Easy Deutsch —fill in the correct pronouns in the quiz, using the genitive form as needed.

Once you have more experience recognizing German cases, you’ll be able to see the relationships of the words in those long German sentences.

And when you’re comfortable with the German cases, you’ll be able to start writing and speaking German with greater fluency. You got this!

Want to know the key to learning German effectively?

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German Cases Simply Explained: A Guide to German Cases [Grammar Guide]

Welcome to our brief guide to the German case system. Here, we will briefly introduce the German cases: the nominative case, the accusative case, the dative case, and the genitive case.

We will explain what German cases are, give examples of each, and provide guidance to help you to identify which German case to use and when.

By the end of this guide to German cases, you will understand gendered nouns and articles and how they interact with cases to form sentences. Moreover, we will look at prepositions commonly used in each German case.

If you're just at the beginning of your German learning journey this might all sound overwhelming, but stay with us and we will guide you through this German grammar point until you are confident and comfortable with the four German cases.

Related: The Best Way to Learn German as a Beginner

Introduction To German Grammar: German Cases

These four German cases play distinct roles within the German language, and it is important that people learning German can use and understand them.

Understanding the cases is an essential factor when you are learning to speak German as they will determine the meaning of your sentences and inform your listening comprehension.

Moreover, they are essential for using and understanding written German. You cannot construct a German sentence without using the case system.

German Nouns

This means every noun (person, place or thing), such as pilot, hospital and sandwich, has a gender and must have the correct corresponding article.

However, there are several ways to say "the" (definite article) and "a" (indefinite article) in German, depending on which case is being used.

To use the correct definite and indefinite articles and German cases, you must be able to identify when a noun is the subject, direct object, indirect object or possessive noun in a sentence.

All German nouns are capitalized, not only proper nouns.

Prepositions in German

Prepositions are words that express the role played by the nouns in a sentence.

For example:

• The cup is on the table/ She falls into the pool/ The baby is with his dad

Unfortunately, in German, they are a little complex due to the four German cases.

When we use a preposition, the noun or pronoun that follows must be in the case associated with that preposition.

The Nominative Case: The Subject

The definite and indefinite articles in the nominative case are in their most basic form:

• Masculine "the"/ "a" - der/ ein
• Feminine "the"/ "a" - die/ eine
• Neuter "the"/ "a" - das/ ein
• Plural "the" - die

Definite articles translate as "the" ("der", "die" and "das").

Indefinite articles, the "ein" words, translate to "a(n)". There is no plural nominative indefinite article listed, as we do not say "a puppies", for example.

Remember that articles change as we move through the German cases. We will see this in more detail below.

When using the nominative case, the subject of the sentence, such as the woman ( die Frau ), the man ( der Mann ) or the house ( das Haus ), takes the article of the correct gender as it appears in the nominative case. Look at the following examples sentences:

• Eine/ Die Frau lebt in Deutschland - A/ the woman lives in Germany
• The woman (" die Frau") is the subject of this sentence in the nominative case.
• Ein/ Der Mann arbeitet im Laden - A/ the man works in the store
• Ein/ Das Haus ist in Berlin - A/ the house is in Berlin

While masculine and neuter nouns both use “ein” in the nominative case, and feminine and plural nouns both use “die”, you will be able to differentiate the meaning from the noun endings.

• Die Frau - The woman
• Die Frauen - The women

The Accusative Case: The Direct Object

Only the masculine articles change in the accusative case, while all other articles remain the same:

• Masculine "the"/ "a" - de n , eine n
• Feminine "the"/ "a" die, eine
• Neuter "the"/ "a" das, ein
• Plural "the" die

In the sentence "the child eats an apple", the child is the subject and the apple is the direct object.

The apple is the thing that the subject acts upon. Let's take this example sentence:

• Das Kind isst einen Apfel

The apple (" den Apfel") is the direct object .

It is a singular and masculine noun and is in the accusative case.

Therefore, it takes the article einen in this sentence (or den for "the").

Direct objects work slightly different in German than in English, in that they can move around the verb and still mean the same thing.

This is because the case will determine which noun is the subject and which is the direct object. In English, this is determined by the word order.

For example, in English "the dog loves the cat" has a different meaning than "the cat loves the dog".

However, in German, we can switch the nouns and it will still mean "the dog loves the cat".

• Der Hund liebt die Katze = Die Katze liebt der Hund

The dog is the subject of this sentence in the nominative case (" der Hund"), regardless of the word order.

If you want to say “the cat loves the dog”, you would say:

Die Katze liebt den Hund

The dog is the direct object of this sentence in the accusative case (" den Hund").

Common Accusative Prepositions

• Durch - Through
• Ohne - Without
• Gegen - Against
• Um - Around

So, when you use one of these prepositions, the noun's article must also be in the accusative case.

• Ich laufe durch den Park - I run through the park
• Wir hüpfen um einen Baum herum- We skip around a tree

The Dative Case: The Indirect Object

As with the accusative case, word order in the dative case is flexible. As long as you use the correct case, the meaning is clear.

Articles in the dative case look like this:

• Masculine "to the"/ "to a" - de m / eine m
• Feminine "to the"/ "to a" - de r / eine r
• Neuter "to the"/ "to a" - de m / eine m
• Plural "to the" - de n

This is the first time we have seen the definite article change for plural nouns.

The dative plural form has an " n " ending. Some people find the dative endings challenging, however, the masculine and neuter articles are the same, which helps.

• Ich gebe dem Mann ein Buch - I give the man a book

The man is the indirect object of this sentence in the dative case, so " der Mann " becomes " dem Mann ".

• Sie kauft ihm ein Geschenk - She gives him a present

"Him" ( ihm ) is the indirect object of this sentence. See the section on personal pronouns below. These, too, are different across the German cases.

Common Dative Prepositions

• Aus - From/out of
• Außer - Except for/ besides
• Bei - At/ near/ with
• Mit - With/by
• Nach - After/ to
• Seit - Since (time)/ for
• Von - By/ from
• Zu - At/ to
• Sie kommt aus der Türkei - She comes from Turkey
• Wir haben einen Brief von ihnen bekommen - We got a letter from them

You might recognise the dative preposition " von " from German surnames.

It means "from" and traditionally indicated nobility, like the English "of".

For instance, Anne of Cleves (Anna von Kleve, in German).

Common Accusative or Dative Prepositions

• An - At/ alongside
• Auf - On/ on top of
• Hinter - Behind
• Neben - Beside/ next to
• Über - Over
• Unter - Under
• Vor - In front of
• Zwischen - Between

When you use a verb of movement, such as gehen (to go) or laufen (to run), and the preposition refers to a destination, you must use the accusative case.

• Wir gehen heute in die Schule - We are going to school today

When a static verb is used, like sein (to be) or arbeiten (to work) and the preposition refers to a location, you must use the dative case.

• Ist es unter der Platte? - Is it under the plate?

Understanding this grammar rule will ensure you use the correct case with each of these two-way prepositions.

The Genitive Case: The Possessive

For instance "the man's book".

The German genitive case makes it easy by only using – es and – er endings.

Masculine and neuter nouns and pronouns take the – es ending, while plural and feminine nouns and pronouns use the – er ending.

• Masculine "the"/ "a" - de s , eine s
• Feminine "the"/ "a" - de r , eine r
• Neuter "the"/ "a" - de s , eine s
• Plural "the" - de r
• Das Buch des Mann es - The man's book
• Die Handtasche einer Frau - A woman's purse

The noun in the genitive case follows the noun that it modifies.

In the first example, "the man" is the noun in the genitive case and it follows "the book".

The man modifies the book as it denotes ownership of the book.

Common Genitive Prepositions

Recently, the German genitive case is being used less frequently because often the dative case can be used instead.

However, some genitive prepositions are useful in everyday speech. Here are some examples:

• Anstatt/statt - Instead of
• Außerhalb - Outside of
• Innerhalb - Inside of
• Trotz - Despite
• Während - During
• Wegen - Because of For example:
• Trotz des Schnees gehen wir zur Party - Despite the snow, we are going to the party
• Anstatt der Schuhe habe ich die Stiefel gekauft - Instead of shoes, I bought the boots

German Cases and Personal Pronouns

Another aspect of German cases that we will touch on lightly is personal pronouns and how they change depending on which case is being used.

In English, we have personal pronouns that indicate when someone is the subject of the sentence (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) .

Moreover, there are personal pronouns for when the person is not the subject of the sentence (me, you, him, her, it, us, them).

It can be tough for native English speakers to know when to use accusative or dative case pronouns, as they both translate the same in English (me, you, him, her, it, us, them). This is a separate lesson for another day!

German Verbs and Adjectives

There are also certain verbs that need to use specific cases in German, for instance, sagen (“to say” is always a dative verb. Moreover, German adjectives will change their endings depending on the case being used.

Learn The German Language At Home

This quick guide to the German cases is just a starting point from which you can build your understanding of the German language in more detail.

A fun way to immerse yourself in German and speed up the process of learning German cases and vocabulary is streaming German TV on Lingopie.

This is a great platform designed to help language learners develop their foreign language skills and comprehension through binge-watching entertaining shows.

You can test your knowledge of the four cases (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive) by streaming German TV and listening for their uses.

Hearing spoken language is the perfect way to learn grammar authentically.

If you want tips on what to watch head over to our 10 German Shows on Netflix to Help You Learn German and Top 20 German Movies and Series to Learn German articles and start binge watching!

Summing Up: A Guide to German Cases

This has been a brief guide to understanding German cases.

We have learned that word order in German is not as important as in English, and the German cases determine the subject and (in)direct object of a sentence instead.

On top of this, we have seen some common prepositions that are used in each of the German cases and touched on personal pronouns.

For more resources and inspiration to learn German cases, vocab and grammar, head over to Lingopie and start binge-watching German language shows.

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The German Cases Explained: A 5-Part Guide To Finally Understand The Cases In German

As you learn German , have you ever noticed how the German language doesn't have a one-word equivalent for “a,” or “the?”

Maybe you've noticed a variety of possibilities to translate “a” such as ein, eine, einer, einen, or einem. It gets even more complicated when translating “ the .” When do you use der, die, das, den, or dem?

The German cases may seem intimidating at first. But there are a few rules that can help you along the way.

In this article you'll learn what the different cases are and when to use them. By the end of this post, you'll have a clear understanding of the German case system.

By the way, if you want to learn German fast and have fun while doing it, my top recommendation is  German Uncovered  which teaches you through StoryLearning®.

With  German Uncovered  you’ll use my unique StoryLearning® method to learn German cases and other tricky grammar naturally through stories. It’s as fun as it is effective.

If you’re ready to get started,  click here for a 7-day FREE trial.

In the meantime, back to the subject at hand…

So let's dive into everything you'll ever need to know to understand the cases in German.

Check out the infographic below for a quick overview of what we'll cover.

1. German Nouns Have Genders

The first thing to know about German nouns is that they have genders. For native English speakers, this is an entirely new concept.

For example: 

• the dog:   der Hund
• the cat:  die Katze
• the horse:  das Pferd 

As you can see, German nouns can have one of three genders: 

• der (masculine form of “the”)
• die (feminine form of “the”)
• das (neuter form of “the”)

Tip – when you learn new German vocabulary, try to learn the gender as well. Knowing the gender of a word will help you choose the correct case and endings.

In addition to having a gender, a noun's article changes depending on if it's a subject, object, direct object, or indirect object. The four German cases are nominative , accusative , dative , and genitive .

• The nominative case is used for sentence subjects. The subject is the person or thing that does the action. For example, in the sentence, “the girl kicks the ball”, “the girl” is the subject. 
• The accusative case is for direct objects . The direct object is the person or thing that receives the action. So in “the girl kicks the ball”, “the ball” is the direct object. 
• The dative case is for indirect objects. The indirect object is the person or thing who “gets” the direct object. So in the sentence “The girl kicks the ball to the boy”, “the boy” is the indirect object. 
• The genitive case is used to express possession. In English, we show possession with an apostrophe + s “the girl's ball”. 

Let's look at each case in more detail.

2. The Nominative Case (Der Nominativ)

The nominative case answers the question, “ wer ?” or “who?”

In both German and English, the nominative case describes the subject of a sentence . Masculine, feminine, and neuter articles  appear as follows:

You can see the nominative in context in these examples:

• Die (Eine) Frau lebt in Deutschland . (The (a) woman lives in Germany.) In this example, Die Frau , or the woman, is the subject of the sentence.
• Der (Ein) Mann arbeitet in der Bäckerei . (The (a) man works in the bakery.) The man is the subject of this sentence and takes the nominative case.
• Das ( Ein ) Kind geht in die Schule . (The (a) child goes to school.) The subject, the child, takes the nominative case.

3. The Accusative Case ( Der Akkusativ)

The accusative case, known as the objective case in English, answers the question “ wen ?” or “whom?” and describes the direct object of a sentence.  

Let's see how the masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns change in the accusative case.

As you probably noticed, only the masculine articles change in the accusative case.  Let's look at a few simple examples:

• Das Kind isst einen Apfel . (The child eats an apple). In this sentence, einen Apfel is the direct object in the accusative case . Das Kind is the subject and takes the nominative case.
• Der Mann liebt die Frau . (The man loves the woman). Here, die Frau is the direct object in the accusative case. Der Mann is the subject in the nominative case.
• Die Frau liebt den Mann . (The woman loves the man).  Den Mann is the direct object in this sentence and takes the accusative case. Die Frau is the subject and takes the nominative case.

There are also a few prepositions that always take the accusative case:

• durch (through)
• bis (until)
• ohne (without)
• entlang (along)
• gegen (against)
• um (around)

A Quick Note On Word Order

In English, we use word order to clarify which nouns are subjects, objects, and indirect objects. But German allows for more freedom of word placement , as long as we use the correct case.

Following are a few examples of the accusative case: 

• Der Mann streichelt den Hund . (The man pets the dog.)
• Er streichelt ihn . (He pets him, the dog.)
• Den Hund streichelt der Mann . (The man pets the dog.)
• Streichelt der Mann den Hund ? (Is the man petting the dog?)
• Streichelt den Hund der Mann? (Is the man petting the dog?)

As you can see, the meaning of the sentence is derived from the case , rather than the word order. This concept is somewhat different in English, so it can take some practice to get used to .

4. The Dative Case ( Der Dativ)

The dative case describes the indirect object of a sentence in German and English and answers the question, “ wem? ” (whom), or “was?” (what).

The dative case is slightly more complicated than the accusative. Take a look at the dative article forms to see if you can spot the differences:

Typically, we use the dative case for indirect objects , which usually receive an action from the direct object (in the accusative case). As with the other cases, word order is flexible, as long as you use the correct case. For example:

• Ich (subject) schenke dir (dative indirect object) eine Blume (accusative direct object).
• Eine Blume (accusative direct object) schenke ich (subject) dir (dative indirect object).
• I'm (subject) giving you (indirect object) a flower (direct object).

Several prepositions take the dative case:

• auβer (besides) 
• bei (next to) 
• mit (with) 
• nach (after)
• seit (since) 
• von (from) 
• zu (to) 
• gegenüber (opposite) 

And some German verbs always take the dative case. These verbs are:

• antworten  (to answer)
• danken  (to thank)
• glauben (to believe)
• helfen (to help)
• geh ören (belong to) 
• gefallen (to like) 

5. The Genitive Case ( Der Genitiv)

The genitive case indicates possession and answers the question “wessen?”  or “whose?”   You'll see the genitive case most often in written German. In spoken German, you'll hear  von (from)and the dative case instead of the genitive case. 

For example:

• Das Haus meines Vater s (My father's house). The genitive case is common in written German.
• Das Haus von meinem Vater (My father's house). The dative case often replaces the genitive case in spoken German.

Below are the definite and indefinite article changes for the genitive case.

The masculine and neuter forms require either an -s or -es ending. Single syllable words take an -es ending, while words with multiple syllables take an -s ending. Here are a few examples.

• Der Koffer des Mann es (The man's suitcase)
• Die Spielzeuge des Kind es (The child's toys)
• Das Buch meines Bruder s (My brother's book)
• Das Auto meiner Schwester (My sister's car)

Just as the dative case, certain prepositions always take the genitive case: 

• anstatt (instead of)
• außerhalb (outside of)
• innerhalb (inside of)
• trotz (despite)
• während (during)
• wegen (because of)

But in spoken German,  Germans sometimes use the dative case with these genitive prepositions.

Overview Of The German Cases

It's easier to choose the correct case when you're familiar with the changes of the definite  ( der, die,  das )  and indefinite articles  ( ein, eine, ein ) . I've created these charts to remind you of the different changes you've seen so far.

Just as the definite and indefinite articles change, so do personal pronouns. However, this is also the same in English, as “I” changes to “me” or “my”. For example:

• Ich bin genervt (I am annoyed)
• Das nervt mich (That annoys me)

The following chart makes it simple to decline German pronouns in all four cases.

Once you become familiar with the articles and noun endings of different cases, you'll be able to clearly identify the subject, object, and direct object of a sentence.

The flexibility of the German language allows you to change the word order in sentences without changing the meaning.

German Cases Explained: The Not So Strange Case Of The German Cases

A few final tips will make it easy to remember all the German case rules. Ask yourself the following questions to figure out which case to use:

• What gender does the noun have? Is it masculine, feminine, or neuter?
• Is the noun part of a prepositional phrase? If so, is the preposition accusative, dative, or genitive? If not, examine the function of the noun. Which noun is the subject, object, direct object, and indirect object?
• Which article corresponds to the case in question? If you're not sure in the beginning, use a case table like the ones in this post to choose the correct article form.

You don't need to memorise all the different article forms for each case or each specific preposition in the beginning.

Begin with the basics and gradually build up your understanding through practice and exposure . And make sure you're listening to or reading lots of German to expose yourself to the different cases in context. 

Every German language learner has difficulty with the cases at first.

But, with practice, you'll find it becomes second nature in no time at all.

Master German Grammar The Natural Way

If you like the idea of reading lots of German material to master the grammar, then German Grammar Hero is for you.

In this programme, instead of pouring over verb tables and memorising grammar rules, you read and immerse yourself in a compelling story.

The grammar emerges naturally as you read, instead of the traditional school method where you learn the rules out of context and struggle to use them in real life.

That way you can actually speak German with accuracy and confidence, rather than translating in your head from English every time you open your mouth.

Grammar Hero is perfect for low intermediate to intermediate learners. If that's you then click here to find out more and become a grammar hero!

Over to you – has this post helped you to better understand how to learn and use the German cases? Which other aspects of German grammar do you find tricky? Let's continue the conversation below in the comments.

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Translation of case – English–German dictionary

(Translation of case from the PASSWORD English–German Dictionary © 2014 K Dictionaries Ltd)

Examples of case

Translations of case.

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Word of the Day

hit the road

to leave a place or begin a journey

Searching out and tracking down: talking about finding or discovering things

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