idioms for essay conclusion

39 Different Ways to Say ‘In Conclusion’ in an Essay (Rated)

The phrase “In conclusion …” sounds reductive, simple and … well, just basic.

You can find better words to conclude an essay than that!

So below I’ve outlined a list of different ways to say in conclusion in an essay using a range of analysis verbs . Each one comes with an explanation of the best time to use each phrase and an example you could consider.

Read Also: How to Write a Conclusion using the 5C’s Method

List of Ways to Say ‘In Conclusion’ in an Essay

The following are the best tips I have for to say in conclusion in an essay.

1. The Weight of the Evidence Suggests…

My Rating: 10/10

Overview: This is a good concluding phrase for an evaluative essay where you need to compare two different positions on a topic then conclude by saying which one has more evidence behind it than the other.

You could also use this phrase for argumentative essays where you’ve put forward all the evidence for your particular case.

Example: “The weight of the evidence suggests that climate change is a real phenomenon.”

2. A Thoughtful Analysis would Conclude…

My Rating: 9/10

Overview: I would use this phrase in either an argumentative essay or a comparison essay. As an argument, it highlights that you think your position is the most logical.

In a comparison essay, it shows that you have (or have intended to) thoughtfully explore the issue by looking at both sides.

Example: “A thoughtful analysis would conclude that there is substantial evidence highlighting that climate change is real.”

Related Article: 17+ Great Ideas For An Essay About Yourself

3. A Balanced Assessment of the Above Information…

Overview: This phrase can be used to show that you have made a thoughtful analysis of the information you found when researching the essay. You’re telling your teacher with this phrase that you have looked at all sides of the argument before coming to your conclusion.

Example: “A balanced assessment of the above information would be that climate change exists and will have a strong impact on the world for centuries to come.”

4. Across the Board…

My Rating: 5/10

Overview: I would use this phrase in a less formal context such as in a creative discussion but would leave it out of a formal third-person essay. To me, the phrase comes across as too colloquial.

Example: “Across the board, there are scientists around the world who consistently provide evidence for human-induced climate change.”

5. Logically…

My Rating: 7/10

Overview: This phrase can be used at the beginning of any paragraph that states out a series of facts that will be backed by clear step-by-step explanations that the reader should be able to follow to a conclusion.

Example: “Logically, the rise of the automobile would speed up economic expansion in the United States. Automobiles allowed goods to flow faster around the economy.

6. After all is Said and Done…

Overview: This is a colloquial term that is more useful in a speech than written text. If you feel that the phrase ‘In conclusion,’ is too basic, then I’d also avoid this term. However, use in speech is common, so if you’re giving a speech, it may be more acceptable.

Example: “After all is said and done, it’s clear that there is more evidence to suggest that climate change is real than a hoax.”

7. All in All…

Overview: ‘All in all’ is a colloquial term that I would use in speech but not in formal academic writing. Colloquialisms can show that you have poor command of the English language. However, I would consider using this phrase in the conclusion of a debate.

Example: “All in all, our debate team has shown that there is insurmountable evidence that our side of the argument is correct.”

8. All Things Considered…

My Rating: 6/10

Overview: This term is a good way of saying ‘I have considered everything above and now my conclusion is..’ However, it is another term that’s more commonly used in speech than writing. Use it in a high school debate, but when it comes to a formal essay, I would leave it out.

Example: “All things considered, there’s no doubt in my mind that climate change is man-made.”

9. As a Final Note…

My Rating: 3/10

Overview: This phrase gives me the impression that the student doesn’t understand the point of a conclusion. It’s not to simply make a ‘final note’, but to summarize and reiterate. So, I would personally avoid this one.

Example: “As a final note, I would say that I do think the automobile was one of the greatest inventions of the 20 th Century.”

10. As Already Stated…

My Rating: 2/10

Overview: I don’t like this phrase. It gives teachers the impression that you’re going around in circles and haven’t organized your essay properly. I would particularly avoid it in the body of an essay because I always think: “If you already stated it, why are you stating it again?” Of course, the conclusion does re-state things, but it also adds value because it also summarizes them. So, add value by using a phrase such as ‘summarizing’ or ‘weighing up’ in your conclusion instead.

Example: “As already stated, I’m going to repeat myself and annoy my teacher.”

11. At present, the Best Evidence Suggests…

My Rating: 8/10

Overview: In essays where the evidence may change in the future. Most fields of study do involve some evolution over time, so this phrase acknowledges that “right now” the best evidence is one thing, but it may change in the future. It also shows that you’ve looked at the latest information on the topic.

Example: “At present, the best evidence suggests that carbon dioxide emissions from power plants is the greatest influence on climate change.”

12. At the Core of the Issue…

Overview: I personally find this phrase to be useful for most essays. It highlights that you are able to identify the most important or central point from everything you have examined. It is slightly less formal than some other phrases on this list, but I also wouldn’t consider it too colloquial for an undergraduate essay.

Example: “At the core of the issue in this essay is the fact scientists have been unable to convince the broader public of the importance of action on climate change.”

13. Despite the shortcomings of…

Overview: This phrase can be useful in an argumentative essay. It shows that there are some limitations to your argument, but , on balance you still think your position is the best. This will allow you to show critical insight and knowledge while coming to your conclusion.

Often, my students make the mistake of thinking they can only take one side in an argumentative essay. On the contrary, you should be able to highlight the limitations of your point-of-view while also stating that it’s the best.

Example: “Despite the shortcomings of globalization, this essay has found that on balance it has been good for many areas in both the developed and developing world.”

14. Finally…

My Rating: 4/10

Overview: While the phrase ‘Finally,’ does indicate that you’re coming to the end of your discussion, it is usually used at the end of a list of ideas rather than in a conclusion. It also implies that you’re adding a point rather that summing up previous points you have made.

Example: “Finally, this essay has highlighted the importance of communication between policy makers and practitioners in order to ensure good policy is put into effect.”

15. Gathering the above points together…

Overview: While this is not a phrase I personally use very often, I do believe it has the effect of indicating that you are “summing up”, which is what you want out of a conclusion.

Example: “Gathering the above points together, it is clear that the weight of evidence highlights the importance of action on climate change.”

16. Given the above information…

Overview: This phrase shows that you are considering the information in the body of the piece when coming to your conclusion. Therefore, I believe it is appropriate for starting a conclusion.

Example: “Given the above information, it is reasonable to conclude that the World Health Organization is an appropriate vehicle for achieving improved health outcomes in the developing world.”

17. In a nutshell…

Overview: This phrase means to say everything in the fewest possible words. However, it is a colloquial phrase that is best used in speech rather than formal academic writing.

Example: “In a nutshell, there are valid arguments on both sides of the debate about socialism vs capitalism.”

18. In closing…

Overview: This phrase is an appropriate synonym for ‘In conclusion’ and I would be perfectly fine with a student using this phrase in their essay. Make sure you follow-up by explaining your position based upon the weight of evidence presented in the body of your piece

Example: “In closing, there is ample evidence to suggest that liberalism has been the greatest force for progress in the past 100 years.”

19. In essence…

Overview: While the phrase ‘In essence’ does suggest you are about to sum up the core findings of your discussion, it is somewhat colloquial and is best left for speech rather than formal academic writing.

Example: “In essence, this essay has shown that cattle farming is an industry that should be protected as an essential service for our country.”

20. In review…

Overview: We usually review someone else’s work, not our own. For example, you could review a book that you read or a film you watched. So, writing “In review” as a replacement for “In conclusion” comes across a little awkward.

Example: “In review, the above information has made a compelling case for compulsory military service in the United States.”

21. In short…

Overview: Personally, I find that this phrase is used more regularly by undergraduate student. As students get more confident with their writing, they tend to use higher-rated phrases from this list. Nevertheless, I would not take grades away from a student for using this phrase.

Example: “In short, this essay has shown the importance of sustainable agriculture for securing a healthy future for our nation.”

22. In Sum…

Overview: Short for “In summary”, the phrase “In sum” sufficiently shows that you are not coming to the moment where you will sum up the essay. It is an appropriate phrase to use instead of “In conclusion”.

But remember to not just summarize but also discuss the implications of your findings in your conclusion.

Example: “In sum, this essay has shown the importance of managers in ensuring efficient operation of medium-to-large enterprises.”

23. In Summary…

Overview: In summary and in sum are the same terms which can be supplemented for “In conclusion”. You will show that you are about to summarize the points you said in the body of the essay, which is what you want from an essay.

Example: “In summary, reflection is a very important metacognitive skill that all teachers need to master in order to improve their pedagogical skills.”

24. It cannot be conclusively stated that…

Overview: While this phrase is not always be a good fit for your essay, when it is, it does show knowledge and skill in writing. You would use this phrase if you are writing an expository essay where you have decided that there is not enough evidence currently to make a firm conclusion on the issue.

Example: “It cannot be conclusively stated that the Big Bang was when the universe began. However, it is the best theory so far, and none of the other theories explored in this essay have as much evidence behind them.”

25. It is apparent that…

Overview: The term ‘ apparent ’ means that something is ‘clear’ or even ‘obvious’. So, you would use this word in an argumentative essay where you think you have put forward a very compelling argument.

Example: “It is apparent that current migration patterns in the Americas are unsustainable and causing significant harm to the most vulnerable people in our society.”

26. Last but not least…

Overview: The phrase “last but not least” is a colloquial idiom that is best used in speech rather than formal academic writing. Furthermore, when you are saying ‘last’, you mean to say you’re making your last point rather than summing up all your points you already made. So, I’d avoid this one.

Example: “Last but not least, this essay has highlighted the importance of empowering patients to exercise choice over their own medical decisions.”

27. Overall…

My Rating: 7.5/10

Overview: This phrase means ‘taking everything into account’, which sounds a lot like what you would want to do in an essay. I don’t consider it to be a top-tier choice (which is why I rated it 7), but in my opinion it is perfectly acceptable to use in an undergraduate essay.

Example: “Overall, religious liberty continues to be threatened across the world, and faces significant threats in the 21 st Century.”

28. The above points illustrate…

Overview: This phrase is a good start to a conclusion paragraph that talks about the implications of the points you made in your essay. Follow it up with a statement that defends your thesis you are putting forward in the essay.

Example: “The above points illustrate that art has had an overwhelmingly positive impact on humanity since the renaissance.”

29. The evidence presented in this essay suggests that…

Overview: I like this phrase because it highlights that you are about to gather together the evidence from the body of the essay to put forward a final thesis statement .

Example: “The evidence presented in this essay suggests that the democratic system of government is the best for securing maximum individual liberty for citizens of a nation.”

30. This essay began by stating…

Overview: This phrase is one that I teach in my YouTube mini-course as an effective one to use in an essay conclusion. If you presented an interesting fact in your introduction , you can return to that point from the beginning of the essay to provide nice symmetry in your writing.

Example: “This essay began by stating that corruption has been growing in the Western world. However, the facts collected in the body of the essay show that institutional checks and balances can sufficiently minimize this corruption in the long-term.”

31. This essay has argued…

Overview: This term can be used effectively in an argumentative essay to provide a summary of your key points. Follow it up with an outline of all your key points, and then a sentence about the implications of the points you made. See the example below.

Example: “This essay has argued that standardized tests are damaging for students’ mental health. Tests like the SATs should therefore be replaced by project-based testing in schools.”

32. To close…

Overview: This is a very literal way of saying “In conclusion”. While it’s suitable and serves its purpose, it does come across as being a sophomoric term. Consider using one of the higher-rated phrases in this list.

Example: “To close, this essay has highlighted both the pros and cons of relational dialectics theory and argued that it is not the best communication theory for the 21 st Century.”

33. To Conclude…

Overview: Like ‘to close’ and ‘in summary’, the phrase ‘to conclude’ is very similar to ‘in conclusion’. It can therefore be used as a sufficient replacement for that term. However, as with the above terms, it’s just okay and you could probably find a better phrase to use.

Example: “To conclude, this essay has highlighted that there are multiple models of communication but there is no one perfect theory to explain each situation.”

34. To make a long story short…

My Rating: 1/10

Overview: This is not a good phrase to use in an academic essay. It is a colloquialism. It also implies that you have been rambling in your writing and you could have said everything more efficiently. I would personally not use this phrase.

Example: “To make a long story short, I don’t have very good command of academic language.”

35. To Sum up…

Overview: This phrase is the same as ‘In summary’. It shows that you have made all of your points and now you’re about to bring them all together in a ‘summary’. Just remember in your conclusion that you need to do more than summarize but also talk about the implications of your findings. So you’ll need to go beyond just a summary.

Example: “In summary, there is ample evidence that linear models of communication like Lasswell’s model are not as good at explaining 21 st Century communication as circular models like the Osgood-Schramm model .”

36. Ultimately…

Overview: While this phrase does say that you are coming to a final point – also known as a conclusion – it’s also a very strong statement that might not be best to use in all situations. I usually accept this phrase from my undergraduates, but for my postgraduates I’d probably suggest simply removing it.

Example: “Ultimately, new media has been bad for the world because it has led to the spread of mistruths around the internet.”

37. Undoubtedly…

Overview: If you are using it in a debate or argumentative essay, it can be helpful. However, in a regular academic essay, I would avoid it. We call this a ‘booster’, which is a term that emphasizes certainty. Unfortunately, certainty is a difficult thing to claim, so you’re better off ‘hedging’ with phrases like ‘It appears’ or ‘The best evidence suggests’.

Example: “Undoubtedly, I know everything about this topic and am one hundred percent certain even though I’m just an undergraduate student.”

38. Weighing up the facts, this essay finds…

Overview: This statement highlights that you are looking at all of the facts both for and against your points of view. It shows you’re not just blindly following one argument but being careful about seeing things from many perspectives.

Example: “Weighing up the facts, this essay finds that reading books is important for developing critical thinking skills in childhood.”

39. With that said…

Overview: This is another phrase that I would avoid. This is a colloquialism that’s best used in speech rather than writing. It is another term that feels sophomoric and is best to avoid. Instead, use a more formal term such as: ‘Weighing up the above points, this essay finds…’

Example: “With that said, this essay disagrees with the statement that you need to go to college to get a good job.”

Do you Need to Say Anything?

Something I often tell my students is: “Can you just remove that phrase?”

Consider this sentence:

• “In conclusion, the majority of scientists concur that climate change exists.”

Would it be possible to simply say:

• “ In conclusion, The majority of scientists concur that climate change exists.”

So, I’d recommend also just considering removing that phrase altogether! Sometimes the best writing is the shortest, simplest writing that gets to the point without any redundant language at all.

How to Write an Effective Conclusion

Before I go, I’d like to bring your attention to my video on ‘how to write an effective conclusion’. I think it would really help you out given that you’re looking for help on how to write a conclusion. It’s under 5 minutes long and has helped literally thousands of students write better conclusions for their essays:

You can also check out these conclusion examples for some copy-and-paste conclusions for your own essay.

In Conclusion…

Well, I had to begin this conclusion with ‘In conclusion…’ I liked the irony in it, and I couldn’t pass up that chance.

Overall, don’t forget that concluding an essay is a way to powerfully summarize what you’ve had to say and leave the reader with a strong impression that you’ve become an authority on the topic you’re researching. 

So, whether you write it as a conclusion, summary, or any other synonym for conclusion, those other ways to say in conclusion are less important than making sure that the message in your conclusion is incredibly strong.

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 5 Top Tips for Succeeding at University
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Vocabulary Point

30 English Idioms For Essay

Writing essays can be like painting with words. Just as painters use different colors to create beautiful art, writers can use special phrases, called idioms, to make their writing more colorful and interesting. Idioms are phrases that don’t mean exactly what the words say, but they add flavor and depth to our language. Using idioms in essays can help you express your ideas in a more creative and engaging way, making your writing stand out. Let’s dive into some English idioms that are perfect for essays, helping you to make your writing as vivid and captivating as a masterpiece painting.

Table of Contents

What Does Essay Mean?

An essay is a piece of writing that expresses the author’s own ideas, arguments, or experiences on a specific topic. It’s structured to include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion, aiming to persuade, inform, or entertain the reader. Essays are common assignments in school and college, helping students to develop their writing skills and express their thoughts clearly and effectively.

English Idioms for Essay

1. break the ice.

Meaning: Initiate

• He joked to break the ice.
• Break the ice at new job.
• Icebreaker question helped break the ice.

2. Spill the beans

Meaning: Reveal

• She spilled the beans accidentally.
• Don’t spill the beans about surprise!
• He spilled the beans at dinner.

3. Hit the sack

Meaning: Sleep

• I’m tired, gonna hit the sack.
• Hit the sack after the movie.
• She hit the sack early yesterday.

4. Let the cat out of the bag

Meaning: Disclose

• He let the cat out yesterday.
• Secret’s safe, don’t let cat out!
• Accidentally let the cat out early.

5. Beat around the bush

Meaning: Evade

• Stop beating around the bush now.
• Just ask; don’t beat around bush.
• She always beats around the bush.

6. Once in a blue moon

Meaning: Rarely

• I visit there once in blue.
• Happens once in a blue moon.
• Blue moon events are very rare.

7. Piece of cake

Meaning: Easy

• This puzzle is a piece of cake.
• Homework done, it was cake!
• Found parking, it was piece cake.

8. When pigs fly

Meaning: Never

• I’ll clean my room when pigs fly.
• He’ll dance? When pigs fly!
• When pigs fly, he’ll be early.

9. Cost an arm and a leg

Meaning: Expensive

• This car costs an arm and leg.
• Rare book cost arm and a leg.
• Holiday gifts cost an arm leg.

10. Feeling under the weather

Meaning: Unwell

• Feeling under the weather today.
• She’s under the weather, staying home.
• He felt weathered, skipped the party.

11. Kill two birds with one stone

Meaning: Multitask

• Kill two birds with one meeting.
• Shopping trip killed two birds.
• He killed two birds with call.

12. Cut corners

Meaning: Skimp

• Don’t cut corners on safety.
• She cut corners doing homework.
• Cutting corners can cost more later.

13. Break a leg

Meaning: Good luck

• Break a leg on your test!
• He said “break a leg” smiling.
• They yelled “break a leg” backstage.

14. Hit the nail on the head

Meaning: Precise

• You hit the nail with your guess.
• His analysis hit the nail perfectly.
• She nailed the head during debate.

15. Burning the midnight oil

Meaning: Overworking

• Burning oil to finish the project.
• He’s burning midnight oil again.
• She burned the oil studying late.

16. A blessing in disguise

Meaning: Fortuitous

• Layoff was a blessing in disguise.
• Breakup turned into blessing disguise.
• His injury was blessing disguised.

17. Bite the bullet

Meaning: Endure

• He bit the bullet, apologized.
• Just bite the bullet, do it.
• Biting the bullet, she cleaned up.

18. Barking up the wrong tree

Meaning: Mistaken

• You’re barking up wrong tree here.
• He barked up the wrong tree.
• They barked wrong tree with blame.

19. The ball is in your court

Meaning: Responsibility

• Decision time, ball’s in your court.
• The ball is now in your court.
• He passed the ball to your court.

20. A dime a dozen

Meaning: Common

• These gadgets are a dime dozen.
• Such mistakes are dime a dozen.
• Ideas like these are dime dozen.

21. Beat a dead horse

Meaning: Futile

• Stop beating the dead horse already.
• It’s dead horse; move on.
• Arguing this is beating dead horse.

22. Bend over backwards

Meaning: Accommodate

• She bends backwards to help us.
• Always bending over backwards for friends.
• Bends over backwards, no appreciation.

23. Between a rock and a hard place

Meaning: Trapped

• Stuck between rock and hard place.
• Decision left him between rock hard.
• She’s between a rock place now.

24. Call it a day

Meaning: Stop

• Worked hard, let’s call it day.
• I’m tired; let’s call it.
• After long meeting, called it day.

25. Catch someone red-handed

Meaning: Expose

• Caught red-handed stealing cookies.
• She was caught red-handed lying.
• Red-handed in the act, he froze.

26. Cry over spilt milk

Meaning: Regret

• No use crying over spilt milk.
• He cried over the spilt milk.
• She’s crying milk, move forward.

27. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch

Meaning: Premature

• Don’t count chickens, wait.
• Counting chickens too soon backfires.
• He counted chickens, regretted early.

28. Easier said than done

Meaning: Difficult

• Quitting smoking is easier said.
• This fix is easier said done.
• Easier said than done, he realized.

29. Get a taste of your own medicine

Meaning: Retribution

• He got a taste his medicine.
• Tasted her own medicine, learned lesson.
• Got a taste, didn’t like it.

30. Go back to the drawing board

Meaning: Restart

• Project failed, back to drawing board .
• Idea flopped, went back drawing.
• Back to the board, plan anew.

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Idioms To Use In Essays

You know what they say: 'Actions speak louder than words.' Well, in the world of essay writing, this couldn't be more true.

As a writer, you strive to convey your ideas and arguments effectively, and what better way to do so than by incorporating idioms into your writing? Idioms not only add color and flavor to your essays, but they also demonstrate your mastery of language and enhance your ability to express complex concepts.

So, if you're looking to take your essays to the next level, buckle up and get ready to explore a world of idioms that will make your writing shine.

But that's not all – by using idioms, you'll captivate your readers, leaving them eager to discover more. Get ready to unlock the power of idioms and take your essays to new heights.

Key Takeaways

• Idioms can be used to vividly describe relationships, emotions, arguments, and descriptions in essays.
• Using idioms adds color and depth to your writing, making it more engaging for the reader.
• Idioms can help convey complex ideas or emotions in a concise and memorable way.
• Incorporating idioms in your essay can demonstrate your mastery of the English language and enhance your writing style.

Common Idioms for Describing Relationships

Common idioms can be a valuable tool for expressing and describing relationships in a concise and precise manner. When it comes to 'love hate' relationships, where emotions swing between extreme affection and intense dislike, idioms like 'can't live with them, can't live without them' perfectly capture the complex dynamics at play.

These relationships, characterized by intense passion and conflicting emotions, can have a significant impact on individuals. They can be both exhilarating and exhausting, leaving individuals torn between their love and hatred for the other person.

Additionally, the role of trust and betrayal in interpersonal connections can't be overlooked. Idioms such as 'stabbed in the back' or 'burning bridges' vividly depict the profound impact of betrayal on relationships, often leading to severed ties and deep emotional wounds.

Trust, on the other hand, is the foundation upon which strong and healthy relationships are built. Idioms like 'in someone's good books' or 'putting your faith in someone' highlight the importance of trust in fostering meaningful connections.

Idioms to Express Emotions and Feelings

Expressing your emotions and feelings can be made more vivid and impactful through the use of idioms. When it comes to expressing happiness, idioms like 'on cloud nine' or 'over the moon' can effectively convey a sense of extreme joy. These idioms paint a picture of being so happy that you're floating or soaring through the sky.

On the other hand, when conveying sadness, idioms such as 'feeling blue' or 'down in the dumps' can capture the depths of your sorrow. These idioms create a visual representation of feeling low or depressed.

Idioms for Making Strong Arguments

Using idioms for making strong arguments can add impact and persuasion to your writing. Here are three idioms that can help strengthen your arguments and persuade your readers:

• 'The proof is in the pudding': This idiom suggests that the true value or effectiveness of something can only be determined by putting it to the test or seeing the results. By using this idiom, you can emphasize the importance of concrete evidence and outcomes in supporting your argument.
• 'A picture is worth a thousand words': This idiom implies that visual evidence or examples can be more powerful and convincing than mere words. By incorporating this idiom, you can highlight the significance of using visuals to enhance your argument and make it more compelling.
• 'To go the extra mile': This idiom means to make an additional effort or exceed expectations. By using this idiom, you can emphasize your dedication and commitment to your argument, showing your readers that you're willing to put in extra effort to persuade them.

Incorporating these idioms into your writing can make your arguments stronger and more persuasive, capturing your readers' attention and convincing them of your point of view.

Idioms to Enhance Descriptions and Comparisons

To add vividness and depth to your descriptions and comparisons, incorporating idioms can bring a touch of color and nuance to your writing. Effective idioms for painting vivid pictures include 'a picture is worth a thousand words,' which suggests that visual representation can convey complex ideas more powerfully than words alone.

Another idiom is 'paint a picture,' which means to describe something in a way that creates a clear mental image.

Idioms for adding depth to comparisons include 'like comparing apples to oranges,' which highlights the differences between two things that are fundamentally incomparable.

Another idiom is 'in a league of its own,' which emphasizes the exceptional and unparalleled nature of something.

Idioms for Concluding Your Essay

Now let's explore how incorporating idioms can effectively conclude your essay, leaving a lasting impression on your readers.

Here are three effective ways to summarize your essay using idioms:

• 'In a nutshell': This idiom is perfect for summarizing your main points concisely and succinctly.
• 'All things considered': Use this idiom to show that you have considered various perspectives and come to a thoughtful conclusion.
• 'To wrap it up': This idiom is a straightforward way to signal the end of your essay while summarizing your key arguments.

Frequently Asked Questions How Can I Use Idioms to Describe Relationships in My Essay?

Using idioms in your essay about relationships can greatly enhance the overall tone and style. They add color and depth, engaging the reader and helping them understand the intricacies of the relationships you're describing.

What Are Some Idioms That Can Be Used to Express Emotions and Feelings in Writing?

Using idioms in writing can add depth and nuance to the portrayal of emotions. They provide a visual representation of ideas, making your essay more vivid and engaging. Some common idioms for expressing emotions include "on cloud nine" and "heartbroken."

Are There Any Idioms That Can Be Used to Make Strong Arguments in an Essay?

Incorporating idioms in your essay can strengthen your persuasive arguments by adding impact and appeal. Effective strategies include choosing idioms that align with your message and using them strategically to enhance your overall argument.

Can You Provide Examples of Idioms That Can Enhance Descriptions and Comparisons in My Writing?

Using idioms in descriptive writing can greatly enhance the impact of your descriptions. They add color and vividness to your words, making your writing more engaging. Similarly, idioms can be effective in making comparisons, adding depth and creativity to your analysis.

What Are Some Idioms That Can Be Used to Conclude an Essay Effectively?

To conclude your essay effectively, consider using idioms that leave a lasting impression. These phrases can enhance the overall impact of your writing and make your conclusion stronger and more memorable.

In conclusion, incorporating idioms in your essays can greatly enhance your writing, making it more engaging and expressive. Like a ray of sunshine breaking through the clouds, idioms can illuminate your ideas and captivate your readers.

So, don't be afraid to sprinkle some idiomatic expressions throughout your writing to make it shine like a diamond and leave a lasting impression on your audience. Remember, a well-chosen idiom can be the cherry on top of your essay, adding flavor and depth to your arguments.

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Essay Idioms: Idioms for Argumentative Essay

Essay Idioms PDF! Below is the list of 50 idioms for argumentative essays, learn a very useful list of idioms for essays with meaning and examples. Download this list of idioms for the essay in an Infographic PDF.

Table of Contents

Essay Idioms in English

List of essay idioms.

Here are some more idioms that can be used in essays:

• A picture is worth a thousand words
• All’s fair in love and war
• Barking up the wrong tree
• Burning the midnight oil
• Cutting corners
• Devil’s advocate
• Don’t judge a book by its cover
• Every cloud has a silver lining
• Fit as a fiddle
• Get the ball rolling
• Hard to swallow
• In a nutshell
• Jump the gun
• Keep your chin up
• Let the cat out of the bag
• Make a long story short
• No pain, no gain
• On the same page
• Practice makes perfect
• Rain on someone’s parade
• Sink or swim
• Time flies when you’re having fun
• Variety is the spice of life
• When in Rome, do as the Romans do
• You can’t judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree.
• Actions speak louder than words
• All bark and no bite
• Beat around the bush
• Better late than never
• Bite the bullet
• Break a leg
• Burn bridges
• By the skin of your teeth
• Cry over spilt milk
• Don’t count your chickens before they hatch
• Elephant in the room
• Face the music
• Give the benefit of the doubt
• Hit the nail on the head
• Ignorance is bliss
• Jump through hoops
• Kill two birds with one stone
• Let sleeping dogs lie
• Misery loves company
• On thin ice
• Penny for your thoughts
• Put all your eggs in one basket
• Rome wasn’t built in a day.

Idioms For Essay Conclusion

Here are some idioms that can be used to conclude an essay:

• All things considered
• At the end of the day
• In conclusion
• To put it simply
• To wrap it up
• On the whole
• By and large
• To cut a long story short
• In the final analysis
• In the grand scheme of things
• In the long run
• Lastly but not least
• To draw a conclusion

Idioms for Argumentative Essay

Here are some idioms that can be used in an argumentative essay:

• To be up in arms about
• To play devil’s advocate
• To fight tooth and nail
• To be a double-edged sword
• To hit the nail on the head
• To be a hot-button issue
• To be a bone of contention
• To stir up a hornet’s nest
• To get to the heart of the matter
• To be in someone’s corner
• To have a dog in the fight
• To hold one’s ground
• To make a case for
• To put one’s foot down
• To stand one’s ground
• To throw down the gauntlet
• To turn the tables
• To weigh the pros and cons
• To see both sides of the coin
• To take a firm stance

Essay Idioms With Meaning and Example Sentences

Below is the list of essay idioms in English:

REST/SIT ON ONE’S LAURELS

Meaning: To be satisfied with one’s achievements

• He retired at the peak of his career and is resting on his laurels.

RISE TO THE OCCASION

Meaning: To be able to do what is required in a crisis

• We should be ready to rise to every occasion.

Meaning: An easy way

• There is no royal road to success.

RUN SHORT OF

Meaning: To be in insufficient supply

• We are running short of fuel.

SAFE AND SOUND

Meaning: Without suffering any loss

• They reached home safe and sound.

SAVE SOMETHING FOR A RAINY DAY

Meaning: Save something for a time of crisis

• Wise persons save something for a rainy day.

Meaning: Free from harm or penalty

• The court let him off scot-free.

SEE EYE TO EYE

Meaning: Agree fully

• Both the husband and the wife see eye to eye in this matter.

SEE HOW THE LAND LIES

Meaning: To find out about a situation

• Let me see how the land lies before we do anything.

SET / PUT IN MOTION

Meaning: To start a process

• Her anger set in motion the events that led to her downfall.

Meaning: To let someone free

• He opened the cage and set the birds free.

SET ONE’S FACE AGAINST

Meaning: To oppose

• Her father set his face Against her becoming an actress.

Meaning: In good order

• well-arranged, neat and clean)

SHOW THE WHITE FEATHER

Meaning: Show cowardice

• The brave never show the white feather in the battlefield.

SIT / BE ON THE FENCE

Meaning: To be neutral

• The judge should always sit on the fence.

Meaning: Polite talk about very unimportant matters

• I do not like to indulge in small talk.

SMELL A RAT

Meaning: To have the feeling that something is bad or wrong

• The thief smells a rat and ran away.

Meaning: A long way

• At is so far to go.

Meaning: As far as

• Try to avoid him, so far as I know him, he is not a good boy.

SOUR GRAPES

Meaning: Fake dislike for something one cannot have

• The poor man said that he did not need money, but that was just sour grapes.

SPEAK ONE’S MIND

Meaning: Express one’s views, feelings, and thoughts

• Everyone should be free to speak his mind

SPEAK VOLUMES

Meaning: To convey a great deal of meaning without using words

• She said nothing but her face spoke volumes.

SPICK AND SPAN

Meaning: Neat and clean, brand new

• She always keeps her house spick and span.

SPLIT HAIRS

Meaning: To make trivial distinctions

• Let us do not split hairs, I will do it as your wish.

SPREAD LIKE WILDFIRE

Meaning: Spread rapidly

• The news of his success spread like wildfire.

STAND ON CEREMONY

Meaning: To behave in a formal way

• Please sit down and make yourself comfortable, do not stand on ceremony here.

STEAL A MARCH ON

Meaning: To gain an advantage

• Do not let him steal a march on you.

STORM IN A TEACUP

Meaning: A big clash on a small matter

• Do not worry about the two ladies quarreling, it is just a storm in a teacup.

STRIKE WHILE THE IRON IS HOT

Meaning: To do something at a proper moment

• Wise people always strike while the iron is hot.

SUIT SOMEBODY’S BOOK

Meaning: To fit well into someone’s plans

• We need a male teacher, he suits our book.

TAKE A FANCY TO

Meaning: Begin to love

• He has taken a fancy to that beautiful girl.

TAKE A LEAF FROM/OUT OF SOMEBODY’S BOOK

Meaning: To imitate, to follow someone’s example

• Our country should take a leaf from Japan’s book.

TAKE A LEAP IN THE DARK

Meaning: To do something without worrying about the results

• To start such a big business without experience is like to take leap in the dark.

TAKE ADVANTAGE OF SOMETHING/SOMEBODY

Meaning: To make use of something well

• We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.

TAKE CARE OF

Meaning: To look after

• I take good care of my car.

TAKE FRENCH LEAVE

Meaning: To take time away from your job without asking for permission

• Her boss was angry at her for taking French leave.

Meaning: Gather courage

• Do not get discouraged, just take heart to face the music.

TAKE IT ILL

Meaning: Get offended

• She will take it ill if you refuse to lend her problem.

TAKE ONE’S TIME

Meaning: To use as much time as you need without hurrying

• The judge took his time to decide the case.

TAKE PAINS TO DO SOMETHING/TAKE PAINS WITH/OVER SOMETHING

Meaning: Make a special effort to do something

• Elina takes great pains to do his work.

TAKE SOMETHING/SOMEBODY BY STORM

Meaning: To be very successful in a particular place or with a group of people

• This book has taken the students by storm.

TAKE SOMETHING INTO ACCOUNT/TAKE ACCOUNT OF SOMETHING

Meaning: To consider particular facts while making a decision about something

• The government should take into account the pitiable condition of the poor.

TAKE THE BULL ‘BY THE HORNS

Meaning: To tackle the difficulties boldly

• Brave people always take the bull by the horns.

TAKE TO HEART

Meaning: Feel sad

• He took the death of his mother to heart.

TAKE TO ONE’S HEELS / SHOW A CLEAN PAIR OF HEELS

Meaning: Run away

• Brave warriors never take to their heels from the battlefield.

TAKE TO TASK

Meaning: Rebuke

• The principal took the peon to task for his laziness.

TAKE WITH A GRAIN/PINCH OF SALT

Meaning: To receive with a little doubt

• Take his story with a grain of salt as he is a liar through and through.

Meaning: To talk about your work

• His habit of talking shop is boring for others.

THE MAN IN THE STREET

Meaning: An ordinary man

• The man in the street takes no interest in politics.

THE RED CARPET TREATMENT/WELCOME

Meaning: Great respect and honor given to the guests

• The minister was given a red-carpet welcome when he visited the city.

Must Learn: List of Interesting Idioms & Phrases

Idioms Used in Essays – Infographic

Download the PDF of this list of Idioms for Essays below:

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Last updated on April 20th, 2023 at 11:24 am

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English Idioms: A Great Way to Write Your Essay Like a Native Speaker

Each language has special phrases native speakers use to express themselves. When you speak with English speakers , you will hear idioms in context. This will help you to use them like a native English speaker. You shouldn’t overuse idioms or use them in the wrong context. Learn and use the simple ones first if you want to connect in a more meaningful way. Using idioms in daily situations will make you sound more like a native speaker. 

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) focuses on how well you use idiomatic language . Knowing idioms and phrases for IELTS shows how well you speak English and helps you to improve your score. Learning how to write in English also involves using idioms in the right context. 

What is an idiom?

An idiom is a group of words that has a meaning different from the literal meanings of the words that make it up. “ I’m feeling under the weather today ” is an example of an idiom. The phrase doesn’t mention illness , but it tells the listener that you aren’t feeling well . There are many idioms in the English language. If you don’t understand and learn common idioms, it is hard to communicate like a native speaker. 

What is the purpose of an idiom?

Using idioms shows you are familiar with the English language . When you want to make your writing sound more informal, you can include idioms. Native writing of English often includes idioms because they add imagery and color to language. Most of them give some kind of advice, such as a good “rule of thumb” is to exercise for 30 minutes every day. A sentence like “ He said it was time for him to have a taste of his own medicine ” is memorable because you can imagine the bad taste. It means the person will get the same bad treatment he has given others. 

Common idioms

When you learn English idioms , you should focus on the ones that you are likely to come across more often. When a professor tells you not to “beat around the bush,” it means he wants you to get to the point. When other students say “ No pain no gain ,” they mean you have to work hard for what you want. I read the lesson word for word, but it is “ Greek to me ,” which means that you didn’t understand it.

Use idioms correctly in essays 

If you’re a non-native English student studying at university, you may find it difficult to use idioms correctly in your essays. Native English speakers can pick this up straight away. You can turn to an essay writing service if you are having difficulties. You can choose a professional writer to write a paper for you in native speaker style. EduBirdie is an essay writing service for students with many professional writers to choose from. It’s reputed and has positive reviews from every user.

More common idioms

To “hit the nail on the head” means to describe exactly what is causing a problem. “ You can’t judge a book by its cover ” means you can’t judge someone based on their outward appearance. To “ let the cat out of the bag ” is to reveal someone’s secret. To “add insult to injury” is to make something worse. “ To cut corners ” is to do something badly or cheaply just to get it done. To “ kill two birds with one stone ” means to solve two problems at once. 

Do idioms fit the subject and the audience?

Can you improve an essay by using idioms ? In a more informal essay, they can create a relaxed tone and add color. Is the audience well versed in English idioms? You don’t want people to take them literally. When you know what your audience prefers, you can decide whether using idioms is appropriate. Using idioms will be more appropriate in some subjects than others. Research the type of writing that is common for your subject.

Keep your writing simple

When writing English essays , it is best to use a clear, simple style. Keep sentences short and say what you want to say in a simple way. If you include idioms, make sure to use them in the right context. Don’t include them in a forced way to try and make the reader think you are fluent in English. Getting a native speaker to check your writing can help you to improve. Practice and more practice is the best way to learn. 

Learning English idioms will help you to better understand native English speakers. The only way to speak English like a native speaker is to keep talking and practicing. Learning how to include idioms in your writing will make it sound more natural. Make sure you understand the idioms you use and include them in the right context to make you sound more like a native English writer.

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ha first comment

I am an English teacher 7-9 grade and I always try to introduce my students to idioms as a way to understand both the language and the culture. I always find a song, a movie, or something to show them whatever I´m teaching. For example, I was teaching the word BREW and and show them the song STRANGE BREW, abviously you can teach many other words or expressions from the lyrics.

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• Academic vocab

Academic Idioms In the long run bear in mind a fair share

Although it is often assumed that idioms are too informal for use in academic English, two studies have identified idioms which occur fairly frequently in spoken and written academic English.

This page describes idioms in academic English, giving information on what an idiom is , why academic idioms should be studied , as well as a list of academic idioms for spoken and written English from a recent study of idioms (Miller, 2019), giving first background to the creation of the list and finally the list itself .

There are also some exercises to help you practise using academic idioms.

What is an idiom?

For another look at the same content, check out the video on YouTube (also available on Youku ). There is a worksheet (with answers and teacher's notes) for this video.

An idiom is a fixed, well-established, multi-word expression, the meaning of which is not deducible from the individual words. The following are some examples of idioms in everyday (not academic) English.

• Raining cats and dogs - raining very hard
• Break a leg - said before a performance, meaning 'good luck'
• Behind one's back - secretly

The following are some examples of idioms for academic English use (a complete list is given below).

• On the other hand - from another point of view (showing contrast)
• Bear in mind - think of something, especially as a warning
• The bottom line - the main or essential point
• Take on board - accept or deal with (a problem or idea)

Why study academic idioms?

Idioms are common in everyday spoken and written English. Although it is often assumed that idioms are too informal for use in academic English, two studies ( Simpson and Mendis, 2003 , and Miller, 2019 ) have identified idioms which are used in academic contexts, more commonly in spoken academic contexts though also in academic writing. In Miller's study, idioms in spoken academic texts, including repetitions, occurred with a frequency of 835 per million words, or close to 0.1%. While this figure is not as high as, say, words in the Academic Word List (10%) or the Academic Collocation List (1.4%), productive knowledge of idioms will assist students in becoming part of the academic discourse community, while receptive knowledge will aid them in understanding spoken or written texts.

Miller reports that idioms may sometimes be signposted by lecturers (e.g. via the phrase as it were ) or writers (e.g. via the phrase as they say or by use of quotation marks). However, these methods do not always signal idiom use, do not help students to understand the meaning of idioms, and in fact add a layer of complexity to academic English study (in terms of what as it were and as they say mean and why quotation marks are used in that way).

Academic Idioms List: background to the list

The list of academic idioms (below) comes from the study by Julia Miller (2019), which used two academic English corpuses: the British Academic Spoken English (BASE) corpus for spoken texts (lectures and seminars), and the Oxford Corpus of Academic English (OCAE) for written texts. Only idioms with a frequency of more than 1.2 per million words (pmw) in the BASE were included.

The range of idiom use is shown by the number of texts in which each idiom occurs, as well as the number of faculties (i.e. disciplinary groups) it occurs in. Miller's study used four such faculties, namely Social Sciences (which had the highest idiom use with 234 pmw), Arts and Humanities (which had 191 idioms pmw), Life and Medical Sciences (183 pmw), and Physical Sciences (which had the least frequent use, 76 pmw).

Most idioms in the list occur in more than one faculty, meaning they are suitable for study by all students of academic English. The most frequent idiom used in only one faculty, gold standard (24th most frequent idiom in spoken academic English and 10th most frequent in written academic English), was used only in the Life Sciences (medical articles).

Miller, J. (2019) 'The bottom line: Are idioms used in English academic speech and writing?', Journal of English for Academic Purposes , 43 (2020) 100810. Available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2019.100810 .

Simpson, R., and Mendis, D. (2003) 'A corpus-based study of idioms in academic speech', Tesol Quarterly , 37(3), 419e441. Available online at: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/90255/3588398.pdf?sequence=1 .

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Academic Idioms List: Spoken

The list below gives spoken academic idioms from the BASE (British Academic Spoken English) corpus, listed in order of frequency. There are 170 idioms in total. There is a separate version of 38 idioms for written academic English (use the button below to switch lists). Definitions are included for all idioms. [Note: Sp freq pmw means spoken frequency per million words while Wr freq pmw refers to written frequency per million words .]

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Author: Sheldon Smith    ‖    Last modified: 16 November 2022.

Sheldon Smith is the founder and editor of EAPFoundation.com. He has been teaching English for Academic Purposes since 2004. Find out more about him in the about section and connect with him on Twitter , Facebook and LinkedIn .

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Masooma Memon

Before I shifted my house, I had a full list of idioms in English that I printed out and referred to whenever I put pen to paper. This was about a decade ago, around the time I finished college. Now, I frequently look up idioms online. If I like an idiomatic phrase in a movie or show, I quickly jot it down in my pocket-sized notebook or a sticky note.

You could say I’m obsessed with idioms. But, it’s a healthy obsession to be honest. Because idioms add life to your writing and help you succinctly explain things, there’s no reason not to use them.

Interested in coloring your writing with idioms? Let’s give a bookmark-worthy list of idioms alongside why you should be as obsessed with idioms.

What is an idiom?

Idioms are phrases or expressions that don’t literally mean what the individual words in the phrase stand for. Idioms emerge from an incident or past story. Overtime, however, they lose their meaning and become figurative.

For example : a piece of cake

The literal meaning of this is cake slice (lava cake, anybody?). But, when you use it as an idiom, you mean something that’s easy to do — that’s this phrase’s figurative meaning . 

With the formal idioms definition out of the way, let’s look at some examples of idioms that you’ve probably already heard or used before:

Fun fact: There are an estimated 25,000 idioms in English language. Talk about variety!

Why do we use idioms?

The short answer is: idioms add life to your writing. But exactly how do these groups of words polish your English ?

Here are five ways idiomatic expressions help you:

1. Idioms paint a visual picture for your readers

Even if it’s plain content that you’re working on – you can up your writing’s description game by using idioms.

Look at this example:

The idiom means having to choose from equally difficult paths. By using it, not only does the sentence sound better, but the particular idiom creates a visual picture in the readers’ mind. They can imagine Mara having to choose between sinking in the dark sea and the devil itself. Either way, Mara’s dead.

2. They add impact to your writing

In the example above, there’s a third favor that this idiom does to the sentence: it adds meaning.

Think of it like this: saying ‘choosing between equally unpleasant scenarios’ is dull and boring, even meh . And, it doesn’t leave much of an impact. But, when you, as a reader, imagine Mara standing between the ‘devil and the deep blue sea,’ you can tell things are gettin’ serious.

3. These expressions add humor to your writing

Besides adding flavor to otherwise dull writing, some idioms can help you brighten your readers’ mood.

Frankly, humor isn’t easy to work into your writing. Unless, you’re a master at cracking jokes. Most of us, however, aren’t good at that. So, instead of making a fool of ourselves, it’s better to pull out an idiom like the one below:

Literally, Sophie isn’t a chicken and, of course, she has her head intact. The idiom just means that like a panicked chicken, Sophie is running around in a haphazard manner. This is a funny, light-hearted way of explaining Sophie’s situation.

4. Idioms make you sound like native speakers

This is another good reason for slipping idioms into your writing. Every language has its own idioms that emerge from its culture. Or, they originate from stories specific to a region.

This means that if you want to impress a Brit English speaker , for example, you should use idioms of British origin. Some of these are:

Meaning: Asking someone to share their thoughts with you.

Meaning: A plan that didn’t work, requiring you to sketch it from the start.

If you’re into novel writing, you can draw on these region-specific idioms to write dialogue for a character from a particular region. So that’s another plus of using idioms.

5. They help you explain complex ideas simply and succinctly

Lastly, idioms can help you simplify ideas. Use an idiom instead of going into unnecessary details. In all the examples you’ve read so far, you’ll note that the idioms make it easy to explain something.

Take the idiom ‘back to the drawing board.’ Using it means you don’t need to rely on tons of words to explain that a plan went bust and now you’ve got to regroup and plan again. You can simply say, let’s go back to the drawing board.

Similarly, when you want someone to get to the point, you can simply say: stop beating about the bush.

Tips on using idioms

Convinced you need to work more idioms into your writing? Cool. We’ll give you a list of common English idioms in the next section to make things easy for you.

Plus, here are some things to keep in mind as you dabble into the use of idioms , an essential part of learning English :

  Don’t overdo them

Some idioms are so over used they turn into clichés . Your writing is always better off without clichés as they’re unoriginal. So use idioms sparingly, where they help you summarize or deliver any of the benefits discussed above.

See if a specific detail would be better

For example, once in a blue moon is a good idiom. But, if you find that your readers can benefit from a detail like ‘someone visited on the third of every month,’ skip the idiom. Be specific instead.

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35 popular idioms and their meaning.

Ready to use idioms? Use this list:

• Beef up: To strengthen or increase something.
• Turn turtle: Turn turtle means to turn upside down or flip the side.
• Eager beaver: Someone who is all charged up or enthusiastic about a job is an eager beaver.
• Spill the beans: To tell something that was supposed to stay hidden or under wraps (yep, another idiom).
• Couch potato: Someone who binge watches Netflix, sitting on a couch all day – popcorn in hand.
• Hit the sack: This idiom is a fancy way of saying that someone’s tired and they’re going to sleep. You can also say hit the hay.
• Bite the bullet: To do something no matter how unpleasant it is.
• In the doldrums: When you’re sad or depressed, you’re in the doldrums. Once out of it, you can write: out of the doldrums.

• In fine fettle: In good health.
• A hot potato: A controversial topic that no one wants to discuss – same as no one wants to hold a hot potato.
• Go bananas: Go bananas is a fun way of saying someone’s excited or angry.
• An arm and a leg: When something’s overpriced, you can say it costs an arm and a leg. Alternatively, you can say: it costs a fortune or it costs a bomb.
• Under the weather: Slightly unwell or feeling low.
• Lose your touch: Literally, that’s losing your sense of touch. But the idiom doesn’t mean that, of course. It means you lose some skill or talent you previously had.
• Twist someone’s arm: To twist someone’s arm is to convince them to do something like a kid twisting their mum’s arm to get ice cream.
• Pie in the sky: Something that’s unlikely, therefore, wishful thinking.
• The ball in your court: Have two or more people or parties deciding on something and one side has made their move? Great, there’s only one party that’s to decide now and a good way to say that is: the ball in their court.
• Curiosity killed the cat: Sometimes prodding too much into a situation or question can get you into trouble. That’s what this idiom means.
• Bark up the wrong tree: Barking up the wrong tree is blaming the wrong person, following a wrong thought/plan, or looking in the wrong place.
• Hit the nail on the head: When you get something done perfectly, you hit the nail on the head. After all, it’s only when you hit the nail on the head that you can drill it in the right spot.
• The elephant in the room: The story behind this idiom is that a man walked into a museum and noticed every tiny thing there except for an elephant. Today, the phrase denotes a chief issue that everyone knows is present, but no one addresses it.
• Taste your own medicine: It’s when someone gets treated the way they’ve been treating others (good time to think of karma, no?).
• Steal someone’s thunder: Taking someone else’s credit or taking the spotlight when you don’t deserve it.
• Stab someone in the back: This one’s a snazzy way of saying you’re backbiting or planning against someone in their absence.
• Kill two birds with one stone: When you get two things done in one shot, you’re killing two birds with one stone. Example, I’m writing this piece and revising idioms too.
• Best thing since sliced bread: The idiom means hyped up enthusiasm in someone, something, or some idea.
• Bite more than you can chew: When you commit to more than you do/deliver, you’ve officially bitten more than you can chew.
• Every cloud has a silver lining: A good result after bad things.
• Look at the bright side: When you choose to see the positive in an overall bad situation (or may I say, shituation).
• You can’t judge a book by its cover: This means you can’t jump to conclusions only by looking at the cover or outward appearance.
• More holes than a Swiss cheese: Seeing holes in a story or plan? Congratulations, Sherlock! Now, voice your concern using this idiom.
• Don’t put all your eggs in one basket: It’s when you put all your resources or hopes (figuratively: eggs) in one source (basket).
• Get up on the wrong side of the bed: When you wake up in a bad mood.
• Everything but the kitchen skin: It means everything imaginable including the unnecessary stuff.
• Pick a bone with someone: To discuss something at length with someone.

--> “A wide screen just makes a bad film twice as bad.” -->

May Habib CEO, Writer.com

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21 formal idioms and collocations for IELTS Task 2 essays

To receive a high band score in IELTS writing, it is necessary to demonstrate that you are able to use idiomatic language in both Task 1 essays/letters (informal or formal, depending on the test and question) and Task 2 essays (always formal).

Unfortunately, most lists of so-called “IELTS idioms” available online include only informal and/or outdated expressions (clichés and proverbs) that are inappropriate for Task 2 and Academic Training Task 1 essays . The following list, in contrast, contains a variety of idioms and collocations (words frequently paired together) commonly used by contemporary native English speakers in business and academic writing.

While some of the phrases are relevant to specific topics, the focus is on expressions that can be used in responses to a wide range of questions.

You can also download this list as a PDF .

(An) Active/Sedentary lifestyle – lifestyle that involves a lot of/very little exercise

Example: When employees are required to work long hours, it is difficult for them to maintain an active lifestyle /it is easy for them to adopt a sedentary lifestyle .

Beside the point – not relevant to an argument  

Example: Some people might argue that providing free treatment for diseases brought on by unhealthy lifestyle choices will encourage poor behavior, but that is beside the point .

Cost-effective solution – action designed to save money, usually in response to rising prices

Example: Some companies treat outsourcing as the most cost-effective solution to rising expenses.

A daunting task – large and overwhelming job or chore

Example: In a competitive housing market, purchasing a home can be a daunting task for many prospective buyers.

Financial incentive(s) – policy that allows people to get or save money to encourage a particular action or behavior

Example: Some cities may offer  financial incentives to business owners in the form of tax breaks* and reduced startup fees.

*reduction in taxes

A/The key factor – something that contributes directly and significantly to a result  

A key factor = one of many important factors

The key factor = the single most important factor

Example: A person’s work ethic is a key factor in the amount of professional success they achieve.

A major transformation – very significant change

Example: Over the last half-century, medical training has undergone a major transformation in many countries.

Natural affinity for – inborn skill or preference for  

Example: It is evident that people are born with different talents: some people learn new languages easily, while others have a natural affinity for math(s) or science.

On the verge of (+ noun or verb + ing) – about to occur

Example: As a result of climate change and persistent drought, some countries are now on the verge of (experiencing) a serious humanitarian crisis.

On the whole – in general

Example: While money is certainly a significant consideration in one’s choice of career, I believe that on the whole , other factors should play an even more important role.

Pose a problem – More sophisticated way of saying “be a problem”

 Example: The question of how to balance a demanding job with personal and family responsibilities poses a problem for many workers.

Primarily concerned with (+ noun or verb + ing) – mainly interested in or about

Example: A person who is primarily concerned with money (noun) may indeed find satisfaction in a finance career.

Example: A person who is primarily concerned with helping (verb + ing) others is well-suited to a career in a “caring” field such as nursing or social work.

Quality time – time spent with others (usually family or friends) devoted to enjoyment and building relationships

Example: When employees are required to work long hours and weekends, they are unable to spend quality time with their friends and family.

(Face) serious consequences – significant (negative) results

Example: Students usually face serious consequences if they are discovered to have plagiarized* or cheated on exams.

*plagiarize (n., plagiarism) – presenting someone else’s work as one’s own

In or  A sharp contrast – large contrast

Example:  2015 saw average housing prices hit record highs, which was a * sharp contrast to the situation 2014.

Example:   In sharp contrast to 2014, 2015 saw average housing prices hit record highs.

*This version is typically used after a form of of the verb to be .

A significant/substantial impact – a large effect (either positive or negative)

Example: The rising popularity of urban living has had a significant impact on the housing market in many cities.

Strictly necessary – absolutely necessary, essential

Example: Many employees work overtime and accept extra responsibilities, even when such things are not strictly necessary .

Take x for granted – to assume that something is true or accurate without giving any thought to it   

Example: Most people take their health for granted until they fall ill.

Take into* account – consider

Example: Many people argue that providing free or low-cost treatment for diseases that result from poor lifestyle choices will only encourage to pursue bad habits, but they do not take into account such a policy’s effects on society as a whole.

*Note that even though this is a phrasal verb, it is commonly used in formal contexts.

The vast majority of – almost everyone, or almost all of something  

Example: The vast majority of people would presumably agree that industrial manufacturers should not be allowed to determine environmental policy.

A wide/broad range – a large variety

Example: People reject high-paying jobs in favor of positions with lower compensation for a wide/broad range of reasons.

Like this? Want more? Download the FREE Short Guide to IELTS Grammar.

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Writing idioms: Inspiring phrases about writing and writers

Struggling with writer’s block? These writing idioms will get your mind flowing again.

In this list we cover English idioms about writing, writers, letters, and even paper. We have also included a few proverbs on these topics! All of these phrases include a definition and example sentences to help you learn how to use them.

So, pen at the ready, and let’s go!

Writing idioms

Get it in writing.

You’ll hear people use the expression get it in writing when they want to have physical proof of an agreement. They don’t just want to rely on a handshake or verbal agreement.

“Unless you get it in writing, I can’t proceed with the deal.”

Related to this, someone may ask you to put it in writing when you are forming an agreement.

Wet signature

Similar to the expression above, sometimes you are required to sign something with a wet signature (as opposed to an e-signature). This means that you must physically sign with a pen or other writing implement.

“That bank is so old-fashioned; they need a wet signature for me to open an account.”

Handwriting like chicken scratch

Hopefully, no one says you have handwriting like chicken scratch . It’s a way of describing someone’s writing as very messy – even illegible – like the dirt marks chickens make!

“My doctor has handwriting like chichen scratch and the pharmacist couldn’t understand it.”

Yes – doctors are notorious for their bad handwriting, but have you ever wondered why ?

Paper trail

You may hear this phrase in your favorite police drama show. A paper trail is a series of records and documents that can be used to track someone’s activities. When the police are looking for a criminal, they can follow phone records, financial reports, diary entries or even video footage to locate the person.

“We just followed the paper trail and found the missing money.”

Even though these records may be mainly electronic nowadays, we still refer to it as a ‘paper trail’.

Poison-pen letter

A poison-pen letter is not a very nice thing to write or receive. It’s a letter or note that is very mean-spirited, critical or even malicious. It isn’t usually signed by the sender.

“I can’t belive someone left a poison-pen letter on my car.”

To describe someone as an open book is to say that they are easy to get to know. They don’t withhold information or keep secrets, so you can learn a lot about them and their nature.

“Jo at reception is an open book. I find her really easy to get to know.”

We have more expressions about friendship and getting to know people on a separate page.

It’s not worth the paper it’s written/printed on

Sadly, some of these writing idioms are about deception and being tricked. When people describe an agreement, contract signing, guarantee or promise as not (being) worth the paper it’s written on , they are saying that the agreement is worthless.

“This contract isn’t worth the paper it’s written on. I’m afraid you’re going to lose your money.”

Not worth writing home about

When something is of little interest, rather dull or unremarkable, you could say that it’s not worth writing home about . In other words, there is no exciting news to report.

“My weekend wasn’t worth writing home about. What about you?”

Don’t forget to write

This is one of the more dated idioms about writing. Traditionally, when people went on holiday they would write postcards to friends and family back home. So, as a clichéd farewell, people will remind you, don’t forget to write . There are some more modern travel idioms you can use, too.

“Have a wonderful holiday and don’t forget to write.”

A word of warning: this expression can also be used in a sarcastic way when someone is happy you are leaving!

The oldest trick in the book

The oldest trick in the book is a form of deception or trickery, or a way of solving a problem, that has been done for a long time and still works well.

“Were you really expecting a new iPhone for that price from a guy on the street?! It’s the oldest trick in the book!” “I always go for a run whilst the family are still sleeping. It’s the oldest trick in the book to make sure I still get a run in.”

When this expression is used in reference to some kind of deception, there is also the suggestion that nobody should be naive enough to fall for the trick as it has been around for so long. So, if you do get tricked in this way, it’s your own fault for being gullible.

Don’t judge a book by its cover

This is such a popular phrase and a really great piece of advice. You should never judge a book by its cover as you are basing your opinions of someone or something purely on what you see on the outside.

“I was so shocked when my 92-year-old grandfather started breakdancing at the wedding. Guess you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover!”

Idioms about writing

Put pen to paper.

This idiom about writing could be losing relevance, since most writing nowadays is done electronically. Still, to instruct someone to put pen to paper is to tell them it’s time to start writing.

“Ok boys and girls, the exam has started to it’s time to put pen to paper. Good luck.” “Writing a novel may seem daunting but it just begins with putting pen to paper.”

The writing is on the wall

A lot of these idioms about writing are forms of warning or guidance, and this one is no exception! When there are strong indications that something bad is about to happen, people will warn that the writing is on the wall .

“Our sales are down and they’ve just transfered calls to another team. I guess the writing is on the wall and we’ll be fired soon.”

Did you know this is one of many idioms that come from the Bible ?

Paper over the cracks

In a literal form, to paper over cracks would be to cover defects in a wall by decorating over them. As an idiom, it tells us that someone is trying to hide or gloss over problems, issues, or disagreements.

“Listen, just paper over the cracks and we’ll sort it out after the presentation.”

Take a leaf out of someone’s book

When someone suggests that you take a leaf (or a page) out of someone’s book they are saying that you should do the same as them or follow their example.

“Why don’t you take a leaf out of your brother’s book? He’s just graduated from college.”

There are lots more idioms about books for you to discover here.

Pen pusher / Paper pusher

Writing idioms can be used in so many different ways. This one describes the type of job someone has. A pen pusher or paper pusher is someone who has a low-level administrative job that isn’t very interesting or significant.

It probably involves a lot of form-filling, filing or repetitive paperwork.

“Just ignore Micky, he’s only a paper pusher and has no real say in what happens.”

The pen is mightier than the sword

This is such an inspiring writer idiom, and perhaps an important idiom for kids to learn . The meaning behind the expression the pen is mightier than the sword is that writing is better than fighting.

Why so? Well, when you write something, people will read your words and you can influence or inspire them. Or it could be saying that communicating solves more problems than going to war. Basically, being intellectual is better than being physically aggressive, according to this saying.

“I wrote a letter to the President as I believe that the pen is mightier than the sword.”

Give someone their walking papers

Although there are a few positive idioms about writing, this one isn’t so good. To give someone their walking papers is to fire them from a job or ask them to leave a place or situation.

“Well, that’s that. I was given my walking papers on Friday.”

In British English, you may hear a similar phrase – to give someone their marching orders – which means the same thing.

The ink isn’t even dry yet / the ink’s still wet

You would use the saying the ink isn’t even dry yet or the ink is still wet to comment on something happening immediately after an agreement or legal document is signed.

A good example is someone getting re-married just after signing their divorce papers.

“The ink was still wet on the contract for the new car and he backed it into a wall!” “The ink isn’t even dry on your employment contract and you’re already thinking of leaving?!”

Even if nothing was physically signed, this phrase can be used figuratively.

Write a bum check (cheque)

Have you ever written a check to make a payment? Checks are being phased out in most places, but here is a full explanation of how they used to work.

To write a bum check (or ‘cheque’ in British English) is to issue a check to someone even though there isn’t enough money in the account to cover it. Since it takes a few days for a check to clear, there would be no way for the seller to know that you didn’t have the funds to make the payment. It’s no surprise that other payment methods are taking over!

“Just make sure you don’t write a bum check again.”

Discover some more idioms about money here.

Write someone up / Write someone a ticket

This writing expression is predominantly used with reference to police officers, although you may hear it in a work context too. When you write someone up you are reporting them for a wrong action they have done.

The similar idiom, write someone a ticket , would usually refer to a parking or speeding ticket resulting in a fine.

“Sue, you know you can’t enter here without a permit! I’m going to have to write you up.” “I begged the policeman not to write me a ticket, but he wouldn’t listen.”

Writer’s block

This is a perfect idiom about writing to end on! The reason for this is that when someone suffers from writer’s block they simply can’t think of anything else to write.

“I tried so hard to finish my essay last night but by 11pm I got writer’s block and had to stop.” “Do you have any tips for dealing with writer’s block?”

Hopefully, this list of writing idioms has helped you not only to understand them better but also to be a little more creative in your own writing.

Are there any others you have heard of that we could add to this list? Leave a comment to let us know.

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What is an Idiom: A Comprehensive Guide to Unraveling Tricky Phrases

Did you know that many common idioms in English have intriguing origins deeply rooted in history? Take, for example, the phrase 'raining cats and dogs,' which we often use to describe a heavy rainstorm. Its origin is believed to trace back to the 17th century when houses had thatched roofs. During heavy rains, animals seeking shelter, such as cats and dogs, would fall from the roof, giving the impression that it was literally raining them. This peculiar image stuck in people's minds, and the phrase 'raining cats and dogs' became a colorful way to describe a torrential downpour. This fascinating connection between idioms and historical events adds a layer of intrigue to our language, making it not only a means of communication but also a gateway to unraveling the captivating tales behind everyday expressions.

What Is an Idiom: Short Description

In this article, our essay writers online will explore a long list of idioms and their meanings. We'll also take a close look at their different types. So, whether you have a passion for language or simply find yourself curious about how we communicate, we invite you to select your favorite example of an idiom as we uncover the fascinating array of expressions that never cease to amaze and inspire us.

What Is an Idiom: Insight into Figurative Language

The word 'idiom' originates from the Greek word 'idios,' which denotes 'one's own' or 'private.' It is like a hidden treasure chest of language, filled with colorful expressions that add spice and creativity to our everyday conversations. It's a phrase or a group of words that doesn't have a literal meaning but is instead used to convey a figurative or symbolic message. These expressions are unique cultural gems that reflect the rich tapestry of a language.

Imagine someone saying, 'It's raining cats and dogs!' instead of simply stating that it's raining heavily. This peculiar expression captures the intensity of the rain in a whimsical and memorable way. Another fascinating phrase is 'to kick the bucket,' which means to die. Although it might sound strange, this phrase dates back to medieval times when people would stand on buckets to hang themselves.

Fun fact: There are an estimated 25,000 examples of these expressions in the English language, showcasing the incredible variety and creativity that exists within our linguistic heritage. From 'a piece of cake' to 'raining cats and dogs,' idioms make our language more vivid, engaging, and downright fun!

Types of Idioms: An In-Depth Look at Different Categories

Idioms are fascinating examples of figurative language that add color and depth to our conversations and writing. They are expressions that have a figurative meaning that is different from their literal interpretation. In this section, our coursework writing service will explore different categories of idioms and provide examples for each type.

Pure idioms are expressions that have a figurative meaning that cannot be deduced from the individual words used. These idiomatic expressions are so deeply embedded in the language and culture that native speakers inherently understand their meaning.

For example:

• 'Break a leg' means 'good luck' in the performing arts industry.
• 'Bite the bullet' means to face a difficult or unpleasant situation with courage.

Binomial Idiom

They are idiomatic expressions that consist of two words or phrases linked by a conjunction such as 'and' or 'or.' These phrases are commonly used in day-to-day conversations to convey messages more vividly.

• 'Back and forth' means to move in a backward and forward motion.
• 'Safe and sound' means to be in a state of safety and without harm.

Partial Idiom

They are expressions that consist of one or more words that are idiomatic, while the rest of the phrase or sentence has a literal meaning. Studying idioms definition and examples is crucial as they often rely on context and cultural knowledge to be correctly understood.

• 'In a pickle' means to be in a difficult or troublesome situation.
• 'Under the weather' means to be feeling unwell or sick.

Prepositional Idiom

They are expressions that consist of a preposition followed by a noun or noun phrase, often having a figurative meaning that cannot be inferred from the individual words used.

• 'On cloud nine' means to be extremely happy or elated.
• 'In the doghouse' means to be in trouble or disfavored.

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Sample Essay with Idioms 

Here's an essay example brimming with idioms to illustrate how seamlessly they can be incorporated into the context of your narrative, enhancing its vividness and beauty.

Why Do We Use Idioms: Exploring the Purpose and Benefits

Why do we use idioms in writing? In short, they add life to your writing. These colorful phrases polish your English by infusing it with creativity, depth, and personality. They are indispensable tools for enhancing your expression. Here are some benefits they offer:

• Expressing Abstract or Complex Ideas

Idioms provide a shortcut to communicate ideas that may be challenging to express directly. In other words, they serve as a linguistic bridge, allowing us to convey nuanced meanings in a succinct and impactful way. Such transition sentences enhance our ability to convey complex thoughts effortlessly.

For example, the expression 'the ball is in your court' is commonly used to indicate that it is someone else's turn to take action or make a decision. While the literal meaning may seem unrelated, this idiomatic expression creates a smooth transition that conveys the idea of responsibility or decision-making being shifted to another person. This idiomatic phrase exemplifies how they contribute to making language richer and more expressive. In essence, they serve as linguistic connectors that enhance our ability to communicate effectively.

• Adding Color and Creativity to Language

They add color and creativity to language, making it more engaging and enjoyable. Through their unusual or imaginative manner, they can captivate listeners or readers. These phrases often have a poetic quality and can evoke emotions or create a sense of imagery.

For instance, the idiom in English, 'barking up the wrong tree,' is used to suggest that someone is pursuing the wrong course of action or directing their efforts toward an unproductive endeavor. The image of a barking dog at the base of the wrong tree creates a memorable and vivid expression of this concept.

• Enhancing Cultural Understanding

Idioms are deeply rooted in culture, and understanding them can provide insights into a community's values, beliefs, and history. Metaphors and analogies embedded in idiomatic expressions often reflect the cultural context in which they originate, including references to historical events, folklore, or specific traditions.

By studying these figures of speech from different cultures, we gain a deeper understanding of the nuances and subtleties of language. This understanding can foster cross-cultural appreciation and encourage communication between people from different backgrounds.

• Establishing Rapport and Camaraderie

Using idioms in conversation can help establish rapport and camaraderie with others. When two people share an understanding of idiomatic expressions, it creates a sense of connection and mutual understanding. When curious about 'what is an idiom?', remember that it can also serve as a conversation starter or icebreaker, sparking curiosity and engagement.

Furthermore, such sayings can be humorous, and sharing a funny idiom or using one in a lighthearted manner can foster a sense of camaraderie and lighten the mood in a conversation.

How Are Idioms Structured: Exploring the Anatomy of Expressive Phrases

Idioms are expressions or phrases that have figurative meanings that are different from the literal meanings of the individual words. They often reflect the cultural and linguistic nuances of a specific region. While their structure can vary, they typically follow certain patterns or formats within a language or region.

For example, in some regions of the United States, the phrase 'raining cats and dogs' is commonly used to describe heavy rain. The structure of this expression follows a pattern of combining two unrelated objects (cats and dogs) to convey a specific meaning (heavy rain).

However, they can also have unique structures that are specific to a particular region, as mentioned in the previous text. Here's another example:

In the Australian Outback, the idiom 'flat out like a lizard drinking' is used to describe someone who is extremely busy or working very hard. The structure of it includes the comparison of being 'flat out' (meaning very busy) to a lizard drinking (depicting a lizard lying flat on the ground while drinking water).

So, while these figures of speech may have some general patterns in their structure within a language or region, they can also have unique and peculiar structures that reflect the specific cultural context in which they are used.

In the meantime, if you find yourself still struggling with writing in AMA citation format , allow us to take care of the challenging aspects while you delve deeper into exploring idioms!

Tips on Using Idioms

Using idioms in writing can add depth and color to your language. Here are some tips to help you effectively incorporate such phrases into your conversations and writing:

Understand Idiomatic Variations

Idioms can vary in their wording and usage across different regions and cultures. So, next time you wonder how to title an essay with an idiom, be aware of these variations to ensure accurate communication. Some idiomatic expressions may have similar meanings but different phrasing. For example, in American English, the phrase 'kick the bucket' means to die, while in British English, 'pop your clogs' is equivalent.

To broaden your understanding of idiomatic variations, you can explore online resources and language forums or consult native English speakers of different dialects. Understanding these variations will help you communicate more effectively and avoid misunderstandings.

Blend Idioms with Context

While these figures of speech can be powerful tools for expression, it's crucial to use them appropriately in the context. Consider the following when using them:

• Familiarity : Make sure the person or audience you are communicating with is familiar with the idiom you are using. If they don't understand the phrase, it may confuse or alienate them.
• Relevance : Ensure that the saying you choose is suitable for the situation or topic at hand. Using it that doesn't fit the context may create confusion or make your language sound forced.
• Tone : Pay attention to the tone of your communication. Some idioms may be more casual or informal, while others may be more formal. Use those that align with the tone you want to convey.

For example, if you're writing an academic essay, it's best to avoid colloquial idioms and instead focus on using precise and formal language appropriate for the context.

Create Your Own Idioms

Idioms are not set in stone. Feel free to get creative and come up with your own idiomatic expressions. By creating your own sayings, you can add a personal touch to your language and enhance your ability to express unique thoughts or emotions. Just make sure that your phrases are clear and understandable to your intended audience.

For example, instead of saying, 'I'm feeling tired,' you could create your own expression by saying, 'I'm running on fumes.' This expression conveys the idea of extreme fatigue in a more vivid and memorable way.

How to Use Idiom in Essay

When curious about how to start an essay with an idiom, it is important to strike a balance between its appropriate usage and the overall clarity and coherence of your writing. Carefully consider the purpose and target audience of your essay to ensure that idioms enhance rather than hinder your message.

Purposes of Using Idioms in an Essay:

• Expressive Language : Idioms can add color, vividness, and expressiveness to your writing. They help you convey complex ideas or emotions in a concise and impactful manner, making your essay more engaging and memorable.
• Cultural Relevance : They are deeply rooted in a specific language and culture. Including them in your essay can demonstrate your understanding of cultural nuances and enrich your writing, especially when discussing topics related to traditions, customs, or local experiences.
• Enhancing Creativity : They can infuse creativity into your writing by using figurative language. They provide an opportunity to think outside the box and craft imaginative descriptions, allowing your essay to stand out and captivate the reader's attention.
• Communicating Familiarity : They are often used in everyday speech, and incorporating them into your essay can create a sense of familiarity and relatability with your audience. This can help establish a connection and make your writing more approachable.
• Adding Depth and Nuance : These sayings carry underlying meanings that extend beyond their literal interpretations. By utilizing idioms, you can add depth and nuance to your arguments or analysis, contributing to a more sophisticated and nuanced essay.
• Engaging and Memorable : They can make your essay more interesting and memorable by providing distinct and colorful language.
• Cultural Understanding : Utilizing them shows your familiarity with the language and culture, highlighting your appreciation for diverse expressions and perspectives.
• Expressive Communication : They express complex ideas succinctly, allowing for more effective communication of your thoughts and arguments.
• Misinterpretation : Many idioms can be ambiguous and subject to misinterpretation, especially if the reader is unfamiliar with them. This may lead to confusion or a loss of clarity in your essay.
• Inappropriate Usage : Some of them may not be suitable for formal writing or academic contexts. Improper usage can undermine the credibility and professionalism of your essay.
• Language Barriers : Idioms tend to rely heavily on the cultural and linguistic context in which they are used. If your essay targets an international audience, these sayings may pose a barrier to understanding and hinder effective communication.
• Overuse and Clutter : Excessive or forced use of them can clutter your writing, making it sound contrived or distracting the reader from the main points you are trying to convey.

Idioms Examples: Exploring Their Symbolic Meaning

Below, you'll find an exciting list of idioms and their meanings. Brace yourself for a linguistic adventure like no other!

• 'The apple of my eye' - Someone or something cherished or loved deeply. Example: In the movie 'The Lion King,' Mufasa tells Simba, 'You are the apple of my eye, Simba.'
• 'When pigs fly' - Something that is highly unlikely or improbable. Example: In the movie 'Shrek,' Donkey says, 'Yeah, right! Like that's ever gonna happen! When pigs fly!'
• 'Bend over backward' - Making a great effort to accommodate or help someone. Example: In the TV show 'Friends,' Joey says, 'I bent over backward to be nice to her, and she didn't even appreciate it!'
• 'Cold feet' - Feeling nervous or having second thoughts about a decision or commitment. Example: In the movie 'Runaway Bride,' Maggie says, 'I'm getting cold feet. I don't think I can go through with the wedding.'
• 'Like a fish out of water' - Feeling uncomfortable or out of place in a particular situation. Example: In the movie 'The Little Mermaid,' Ariel says, 'I feel like a fish out of water in this human world.'
• 'Walking on eggshells' - Being very cautious or careful about what you say or do to avoid upsetting someone. Example: In the TV show 'The Big Bang Theory,' Sheldon tells Leonard, 'Around Penny, we must tread lightly, like walking on eggshells.'
• 'The straw that broke the camel's back' - The final event or problem that causes a situation to become unbearable or unmanageable. Example: In the movie 'Spider-Man 3,' Peter Parker says, 'The fact that you betrayed me... that's the straw that broke the camel's back.'
• 'In the heat of the moment' - Acting impulsively or without thinking due to strong emotions. Example: In the movie 'Dirty Dancing,' Johnny says, 'I didn't spend all this time dancing with Penny in the kitchen just to get in trouble with the likes of you. This isn't the way it's supposed to be. I'm sorry, but I can't do this anymore.'
• 'The early bird catches the worm' - Taking action or being prepared ahead of time leads to success. Example: In the movie 'Wall Street,' Gordon Gekko says, 'The most valuable commodity I know of is information. Wouldn't you agree? The early bird catches the worm, Gordon.'
• 'Kill two birds with one stone' - Accomplishing two things at once. Example: In the movie 'Ocean's Eleven,' Rusty says, 'We can kill two birds with one stone. In exactly one week, we rob it.'
• 'Actions speak louder than words' - What someone does is more significant than what they say. Example: In the movie 'The Dark Knight,' Batman says, 'Sometimes the truth isn't good enough. Sometimes people deserve more. Sometimes people deserve to have their faith rewarded... Batman has no limits!'
• 'All bark and no bite' - Someone who talks tough but doesn't follow through with their threats. Example: In the TV show 'Breaking Bad,' Jesse Pinkman says, 'You want me to handle it? I'll handle it. All bark, no bite, man.'
• 'Don't judge a book by its cover' - Not forming an opinion based solely on appearance. Example: In the movie 'Zootopia,' Judy Hopps says, 'You know, I think life's a little bit messy. We all make mistakes. No matter what type of animal you are, change starts with you. We gotta try.'
• 'When in Rome, do as the Romans do' - Adopting the customs or behavior of the people in a particular place. Example: In the movie 'Eat Pray Love,' Richard from Texas says, 'You want to get to the castle, you've got to swim the moat. You want the prize; you've got to build the bridge. And if that bridge ain't long enough, you build it longer.'
• 'Every cloud has a silver lining' - There is something positive or hopeful in every difficult situation. Example: In the movie 'The Pursuit of Happyness,' Chris Gardner says, 'The world is your oyster. It's up to you to find the pearls.'
• 'Let the cat out of the bag' - Accidentally revealing a secret. Example: In the movie 'The Hangover,' Alan says, 'You probably get this a lot. This isn't the real Caesar's Palace, is it? What do you mean? Did, uh, did Caesar live here? No. I didn't think so.'
• 'Putting all your eggs in one basket' - Relying heavily on a single thing or course of action. Example: In the movie 'Apollo 13,' Gene Kranz says, 'I want you all to forget the flight plan. From this moment on, we are improvising a new mission: How do we get our people home?'
• 'The calm before the storm' - A peaceful period before a difficult or turbulent situation occurs. Example: In the movie 'The Fellowship of the Ring,' Gandalf says, 'There is a fell voice on the air, the enemy is moving. We have to draw his eye away from Frodo and Sam.'
• 'Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater' - Not discarding something valuable while getting rid of the undesirable parts. Example: In the movie 'The Sound of Music,' Maria says, 'Darling, haven't you ever heard of a delightful little thing called boarding school?'
• 'The pot calling the kettle black' - Criticizing someone for a fault that you also possess. Example: In the TV show 'The Office,' Dwight says, 'Michael, you are the master of saying things that you think are harmless but that people find insulting or offensive.'

In conclusion, idioms are an integral part of language that add color, depth, and cultural richness to our communication. Understanding them allows us to navigate the intricacies of figurative language, appreciating the unique expressions that convey meaning beyond the literal. Whether we 'break a leg' or 'let the cat out of the bag,' idiom examples encapsulate the beauty and creativity of human expression, reminding us of the power and versatility of language itself.

Ready to Kick Boring Writing to the Curb?

Then, level up your literary game with our handcrafted idioms!

When Are Idioms Used?

What are the most popular idioms, related articles.

30 Idioms for Writing

Writing is more than just stringing words together; it’s about capturing the essence of communication.

One powerful tool in a writer’s arsenal is the use of idioms, expressions that add color and depth to language. In this journey through the vibrant tapestry of idioms, we will explore their meanings, throw them into sentences, and unravel the hidden nuances that make them a joy to use.

Idioms for Writing

Break a leg – good luck.

Meaning: To wish someone good luck, especially before a performance or undertaking.

In a Sentence: As the actor stepped onto the stage, his friend whispered, “Break a leg,” hoping for a stellar performance.

Bite the Bullet – Facing Challenges

Meaning: To endure a painful or difficult situation with courage.

In a Sentence: She knew she had to bite the bullet and confront her fears to overcome the challenges ahead.

Hit the Nail on the Head – Precision and Accuracy

Meaning: To describe something accurately or to solve a problem perfectly.

In a Sentence: Her analysis of the situation hit the nail on the head, identifying the root cause of the issue.

The Ball Is in Your Court – Taking Responsibility

Meaning: It is now your responsibility or turn to act.

In a Sentence: After the team presented their findings, the manager said, “The ball is in your court now; propose a solution.”

The Whole Nine Yards – Everything

Meaning: Refers to the entirety of something, leaving nothing out.

In a Sentence: When planning the surprise party, she went the whole nine yards, from decorations to entertainment.

An Arm and a Leg – A Lot of Money

Meaning: Refers to a high cost or a significant amount of money.

In a Sentence: Owning a luxury car can sometimes cost an arm and a leg in maintenance.

Cost an Arm and a Leg – Being Very Expensive

Meaning: To require a substantial amount of money for purchase or service.

In a Sentence: Renovating the old house ended up costing them an arm and a leg, but the results were worth it.

A Piece of Cake – Something Easy

Meaning: Refers to a task or activity that is very easy to accomplish.

In a Sentence: Completing the puzzle was a piece of cake for the experienced crossword solver.

When Pigs Fly – Something Improbable

Meaning: Refers to something that will never happen or is highly unlikely.

In a Sentence: He promised to be on time for once, but we knew it was just another case of “when pigs fly.”

Let the Cat Out of the Bag – Revealing a Secret

Meaning: To disclose a secret or reveal something that was meant to be kept confidential.

In a Sentence: Sarah accidentally let the cat out of the bag about the surprise party, spoiling the whole plan.

In the Heat of the Moment – Acting Impulsively

Meaning: Refers to doing something spontaneously without careful consideration, usually during an emotional situation.

In a Sentence: Apologies are often made in the heat of the moment, but their sincerity is revealed over time.

Curiosity Killed the Cat – Warning Against Curiosity

Meaning: Being too curious can lead to trouble or danger.

In a Sentence: She hesitated before opening the mysterious package, remembering that curiosity killed the cat.

Cut to the Chase – Get to the Main Point Quickly

Meaning: Skipping unnecessary details and focusing on the main topic or point.

In a Sentence: Rather than sharing the entire story, let’s cut to the chase and discuss the solution.

Pulling Your Leg – Joking or Not Being Serious

Meaning: Teasing or joking with someone, often in a playful manner.

In a Sentence: When he claimed to have seen a UFO, we realized he was just pulling our leg.

Bend Over Backwards – Putting in Extra Effort

Meaning: To go out of one’s way or try extremely hard to please or help someone.

In a Sentence: The team was willing to bend over backward to meet the tight deadline.

A Blessing in Disguise – Hidden Positive Aspect

Meaning: Something that seems bad initially but turns out to be beneficial.

In a Sentence: Losing the job turned out to be a blessing in disguise, as it led to a more fulfilling career opportunity.

Burning the Midnight Oil – Working Late

Meaning: Working late into the night, often to complete a task or meet a deadline.

In a Sentence: To finish the project on time, they had to start burning the midnight oil.

Adding Fuel to the Fire – Making a Problem Worse

Meaning: Exacerbating a situation or making a problem more intense.

In a Sentence: Bringing up past arguments only added fuel to the fire, escalating the disagreement.

An Elephant in the Room – Ignored Obvious Issue

Meaning: A problem or issue that everyone is aware of but is being deliberately ignored.

In a Sentence: Their strained relationship was the elephant in the room during the family gathering.

The Cream of the Crop – The Best of a Group

Meaning: Refers to the highest quality or the best among a group of things or people.

In a Sentence: The award-winning chef only used the cream of the crop ingredients in his dishes.

Cry Over Spilled Milk – Worrying about the Past

Meaning: To fret about something that has already happened and cannot be changed.

In a Sentence: Regretting the missed opportunity was like crying over spilled milk; there was no way to undo it.

A Drop in the Bucket – Small Amount

Meaning: Refers to a tiny quantity compared to the whole.

In a Sentence: Their contributions were acknowledged, but in the grand scheme, it was just a drop in the bucket.

A Fish Out of Water – Uncomfortable Situation

Meaning: Someone who is in a situation they are not comfortable or familiar with.

In a Sentence: Being at the formal event without any knowledge of etiquette made her feel like a fish out of water.

A Penny for Your Thoughts – Asking for Someone’s Opinion

Meaning: Asking someone what they are thinking about or seeking their opinion.

In a Sentence: Observing his pensive expression, she asked, “A penny for your thoughts?”

A Taste of Your Own Medicine – Experiencing Consequences

Meaning: To experience something that one has previously inflicted on others.

In a Sentence: After years of teasing his younger siblings, he finally got a taste of his own medicine.

On Cloud Nine – Extreme Happiness

Meaning: Feeling elated or extremely happy.

In a Sentence: Winning the championship left her on cloud nine for weeks.

The Icing on the Cake – Enhancing Something Good

Meaning: Something that makes a positive situation even better.

In a Sentence: Getting a promotion was great, and the supportive colleagues were the icing on the cake.

Jumping the Gun – Acting Prematurely

Meaning: To do something too early or before it is appropriate.

In a Sentence: Announcing the project completion before final approval was like jumping the gun.

Knee-Deep in Something – Deeply Involved

Meaning: Being heavily engaged or deeply involved in a situation or project.

In a Sentence: With multiple deadlines approaching, she found herself knee-deep in work.

A Needle in a Haystack – Something Hard to Find

Meaning: Refers to something challenging to locate due to its scarcity among similar things.

In a Sentence: Finding a reliable antique in the cluttered flea market was like finding a needle in a haystack.

Idioms are the spice that turns ordinary language into a flavorful linguistic experience. Each phrase carries with it a history, a story, and a unique way of expressing ideas.

Related Posts

30 idioms for kids, 30 idioms for kid.

100+ Interesting Idioms for Essays writing – Pro Idioms

Interesting Idioms for Essays writing!

Here is the list of useful idioms related to essays writing in English and paragraphs writing, must go through all of these idioms and memorize these useful idioms list, you can also save this idiom list for your later use.

Interesting Idioms for Essays writing Infographics – 1

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Home — Essay Samples — Science — English Language — 50 Most Common English Idioms

50 Most Common English Idioms

• Categories: English Language Language Diversity

About this sample

Words: 1574 |

Published: Jan 21, 2020

Words: 1574 | Pages: 3 | 8 min read

What are idioms?

• Add fuel to the flames
• Answer nature’s call
• Accidentally on purposeIt refers to when somebody does something deliberately and then pretends that it was an accident.
• Badger someone
• Balancing act
• Be ones best bet
• Bare your soul
• Binge drinking
• Biting the hand that feeds youIf you are so harsh to someone who a lot to you and they are kind to you then they can say you are biting the hand that feeds you.
• Breathing down someone’s neck
• Clinch a deal
• A done deal
• In black and white
• Gentleman’s agreement
• No strings attached
• With one voice
• Like the back of one’s handWhenever you have a complete knowledge of something it means you know it like the back of your hand.
• Back into shape
• Back on your feet
• Up in armsWhenever somebody is up in arms, they are so angry over something.
• Get off my back
• Bite someone’s head off
• Be in a black mood
• Blow a fuse
• Bone to pick with someone
• Come down to someone like a ton of bricks
• Dressed to kill
• Down at heel
• Face like a bulldog chewing a wasp
• Mutton dressed as a lamb
• Big fish in a small pond
• Bring to heel
• Bulldoze someone into doing something
• Call the shots
• Too many chiefs, not enough Indians
• Crack the whip
• Dancing to someone’s tune
• Drawing a line in the sand
• Force someone’s hand
• At all costs
• Having a bee in your bonnet
• Blood, sweat and tears
• Having something on your brain
• Explore all avenues
• Embarrassment of riches
• on the fence
• Horns of a dilemma
• Come to a bad end

Works Cited

• Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d.). Idiom. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/idiom
• Chiu, Y.-L. (2017). The Use of Idioms in English Language Teaching. Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, 9(2), 49–54.
• Crystal, D. (2008). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. Wiley-Blackwell.
• Idiomsite. (n.d.). Idioms and Their Meanings. https://www.idiomsite.com/
• Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Idiom. In Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/idiom
• Phan, H. (2020). A survey on the use of idioms in English language teaching in Vietnam. Journal of Language and Linguistics Studies, 16(1), 1–13.
• Prithviraj, B. (2017). The role of idioms in enhancing language learners’ language proficiency. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, 4(2), 39–46.
• Seidl, J., & McMordie, W. (2010). English idioms exercises on phrasal verbs and idioms. Hueber.
• Tirkkonen-Condit, S., & Laukkanen, A.-M. (1996). Idioms in English: A corpus-based study of variation in current English usage. Walter de Gruyter.
• Wray, A. (2002). Formulaic language and the lexicon. Cambridge University Press.

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5 Best Idioms with Meaning for Essay Writing

• Updated on  
• Jul 28, 2023

Willing to know more about English Idioms for Essay Writing, expressions and proverbs? They all are an essential part of the English language. Both spoken and written English are combined with expressions and proverbs. 

To have a perfect grasp of the meanings and usage of idioms is mandatory for students. However, we know how complicated it can get to understand and familiarize ourselves with the usage of English idioms in everyday life. 

So let’s discover some meaningful idioms of essay writing mentioned below for your reference. 

This Blog Includes:

To sugarcoat, around the clock , stay the course, the pot calling the kettle black, don’t put all your eggs in one basket, once in a blue moon.

“To sugarcoat” is an expression term for adding sweetness to something in order to make it palatable or appealing. In essence, “to sugarcoat” is a metaphorical term derived from the idea of adding sugar to something bitter or sour to make it taste better. 

Examples : Although she tried to sugarcoat, it was still tough to receive the dreadful news.

The idiom “around the clock” is used to describe continuous, non-stop, or 24/7 activity or effort. It implies that something is being done all day and all night without any breaks. 

Example: The medical staff worked around the clock to treat the patients during the flu epidemic.

Also Read: Understanding Idioms: Examples and Meanings

“Stay the course” is an idiom that means to continue with a plan or course of action despite challenges, difficulties, or obstacles. It suggests perseverance, determination, and the commitment to follow through with a chosen path, even when faced with adversity.

Example : Despite the initial setbacks, the project team decided to stay the course and work diligently to meet their deadline.

When someone says, “You’re just like the pot calling the kettle black,” they are pointing out the hypocrisy of the accuser, who is guilty of the same fault they are criticizing in someone else. It serves as a reminder to be self-aware and honest about one’s own actions and behaviours before casting judgment on others. 

Example: You’re saying I’m too judgemental. That’s the pot calling the kettle black!

The idiom “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket” is a popular saying that advises against putting all your resources, efforts, or hopes into a single place or venture. Instead, it encourages diversification and spreading your resources across multiple options to reduce the potential risks and increase your chances of success.

Example : When it comes to job searching, don’t put all your eggs in one basket, keep applying to multiple companies to increase your chances of getting hired.

Also Read: Idioms for IELTS

The idiom “ once in a blue moon ” is used to describe something that happens very rarely or infrequently, typically referring to an event or occurrence that doesn’t happen often. 

Example: My sister lives in Australia, so we only get to see each other once in a blue moon.

These were all the idioms that can be used for essays. To read more about idioms you can check our page at Leverage Edu .

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Vaishnavi has 2+ years of experience in SEO and Content Marketing. She is highly proficient in English, possessing exceptional language skills and a deep understanding of English grammar and communication. Currently working on Ed Tech, Finance, Lifestyle, and other niches. All her works are infused with love for writing!

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Opinion: Earth Day essays praised for being inspirational and insightful

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Back in the early 1970s, there was a public service announcement that featured a Native American shedding a tear at the amount of litter in his environment. Now, more than 50 years later, we are still dealing with the same problem, and in some places it is considerably worse. Until all of us take personal responsibility in caring for the planet upon which we all live, I fear that we will still be talking about this problem 50 years from now.

Faith has given us a path to travel in making this planet, our planet, a cleaner place to live. Let’s all get behind her.

— John Silcox, Serra Mesa

Re “Does local energy and local control translate into lower rates?” ( April 19 ): Carolyn Chase’s op-ed is wonderful! We must return to Earth Day’s roots if we are to survive and flourish in the climate change crisis.

Let’s listen to a longtime, deeply experienced leader who has the wisdom to recognize we have all the energy we need right here in San Diego and the technology to make it work. If they were used locally, rooftop solar and parking lot solar would cut down on expensive transmission lines. Local employees and administrators would care about their own community as opposed to Sempra’s stockholders, who do not live here.

The current system doesn’t work for San Diego. Let’s put in something that will work!

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9 Everyday Idioms For Argumentative Essay

English Idioms for Argumentative Essay, expressions and proverbs are an essential part of the English language, both spoken and written English are saturated with them.

For ESL Students, idioms for Argumentative Essay are frustrating to grasp, the reason being Idioms don’t make literal sense.

To learn the meanings and usage of idioms, ESL students must practice and familiarize themselves with their everyday usage.

The team at Lillypad understands the pain and difficulties English Learners come across in comprehending the true meaning and acceptable usage. This list of idioms for Argumentative Essay makes learning effortless, with common Argumentative Essay idioms, definitions, and example sentences which make the meaning clear.

Learning to use common idioms and expressions will make your English sound more native, so it’s a good idea to master some of these expressions with daily practice, so bookmark this page or share it with your friends; now let us learn about idioms for Argumentative Essay together.

Idioms for Argumentative Essay with Meanings, Definitions & Example Sentences

1. there are many ways to do something, definition and meaning: there are many ways to do something.

The expression means that there are often multiple ways to accomplish a task or goal.

There Are Many Ways To Do Something Example Sentences:

• There are many ways to make a delicious meal – you can try different recipes, experiment with different ingredients, or even take a cooking class.
• There are many ways to save money – you can cut back on unnecessary expenses, look for discounts, or invest in a high-interest savings account.
• There are many ways to stay healthy – you can exercise regularly, eat a balanced diet, and get enough sleep.
• There are many ways to learn a new language – you can take classes, use online resources, or practice with a native speaker.
• There are many ways to solve a problem – you can brainstorm ideas, research potential solutions, or consult an expert.

2. You Can’t Judge A Book By Its Cover

Definition and meaning: you can’t judge a book by its cover.

The expression means that you can’t judge something by its appearance.

You Can’t Judge A Book By Its Cover Example Sentences:

• Just because my friend looks like a slob doesn’t mean he’s not a genius You can’t judge a book by its cover.
• Don’t be fooled by the exterior of the restaurant You can’t judge a book by its cover.
• Don’t be so quick to judge my brother You can’t judge a book by its cover.
• Don’t be so quick to judge the new girl in school You can’t judge a book by its cover.
• Don’t be so quick to judge the homeless man on the street You can’t judge a book by its cover.

3. Don’t Put All Your Eggs In One Basket

Definition and meaning: don’t put all your eggs in one basket.

This expression is often used to caution against putting all of one’s resources into a single venture.

Don’t Put All Your Eggs In One Basket Example Sentences:

• When investing, it’s important to diversify your portfolio so you don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
• When it comes to job hunting, don’t put all your eggs in one basket Apply to multiple companies to increase your chances of getting hired.
• Don’t put all your eggs in one basket when it comes to finding a new place to live Look at multiple options before making a decision.
• Don’t put all your eggs in one basket when it comes to finding a new car Shop around and compare prices to get the best deal.
• Don’t put all your eggs in one basket when it comes to finding a new business partner Meet with multiple potential partners before making a decision.

4. Let Sleeping Dogs Lie

Definition and meaning: let sleeping dogs lie.

The expression “let sleeping dogs lie” means to leave something alone that is better left alone.

Let Sleeping Dogs Lie Example Sentences:

• I know you want to confront your ex about what happened, but I think it’s best to let sleeping dogs lie.
• I heard about the old feud between the two families, but I think it’s best to let sleeping dogs lie and not get involved.
• I know you want to bring up the past, but I think it’s best to let sleeping dogs lie and move on.
• I know you want to ask your boss about the raise, but I think it’s best to let sleeping dogs lie and wait for the right time.
• I know you want to talk to your friend about the argument, but I think it’s best to let sleeping dogs lie and give them some space.

5. There’s No Time Like The Present

Definition and meaning: there’s no time like the present.

The expression “there’s no time like the present” means that now is the best time to do something.

There’s No Time Like The Present Example Sentences:

• If you want to start a new business, there’s no time like the present!
• If you want to learn a new language, there’s no time like the present!
• If you want to take a vacation, there’s no time like the present!
• If you want to start a new hobby, there’s no time like the present!
• If you want to make a change in your life, there’s no time like the present!

6. A Stitch In Time Saves Nine

Definition and meaning: a stitch in time saves nine.

The expression “A stitch in time saves nine” is an idiom that means that it is better to fix a problem when it is small because it will take less time and effort than if it is allowed to become bigger.

A Stitch In Time Saves Nine Example Sentences:

• If you notice a small crack in your car’s windshield, get it fixed right away – a stitch in time saves nine.
• If you’re having trouble with a project at work, ask for help early on – a stitch in time saves nine.
• If you’re having trouble with a class, talk to your professor as soon as possible – a stitch in time saves nine.
• If you notice a leak in your roof, call a repairman right away – a stitch in time saves nine.
• If you’re having trouble with a relationship, talk to the other person before it gets worse – a stitch in time saves nine.

7. An Ounce Of Prevention Is Worth A Pound Of Cure

Definition and meaning: an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

The expression means that it is better to take steps to prevent something from happening than to wait until it happens and then try to fix it.

An Ounce Of Prevention Is Worth A Pound Of Cure Example Sentences:

• It’s important to get regular check-ups from your doctor – an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
• Make sure to wear sunscreen when you go outside – an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
• Take the time to properly maintain your car – an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
• Invest in a good security system for your home – an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
• Make sure to get enough sleep each night – an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

8. Better Safe Than Sorry

Definition and meaning: better safe than sorry.

The expression “better safe than sorry” means that it is better to be safe than to be sorry.

Better Safe Than Sorry Example Sentences:

• I always wear a helmet when I ride my bike, better safe than sorry.
• I always double-check my work before submitting it, better safe than sorry.
• I always back up my computer files, better safe than sorry.
• I always lock my car doors when I’m not in it, better safe than sorry.
• I always wear sunscreen when I’m outside, better safe than sorry.

9. Look Before You Leap

Definition and meaning: look before you leap.

The expression “look before you leap” means to think carefully about something before you do it, especially something that is risky.

Look Before You Leap Example Sentences:

• Before you decide to invest in a new business venture, make sure you look before you leap.
• Before you commit to a long-term relationship, take the time to look before you leap.
• Before you sign a contract, read the fine print and look before you leap.
• Before you make a major purchase, do your research and look before you leap.
• Before you take a new job, make sure you look before you leap and understand the job requirements.

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Faculty of Arts

Active learning through video essays: challenges, opportunities and ways forward.

25 April 2024, 5.00 PM

Dr. Estrella Sendra (KCL)

Richmond Building, 5.65 Lecture Room (5th Floor, Students' Union, Queens Road)

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A Culture Warrior Takes a Late Swing

The editor and essayist Joseph Epstein looks back on his life and career in two new books.

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By Dwight Garner

NEVER SAY YOU’VE HAD A LUCKY LIFE: Especially If You’ve Had a Lucky Life , by Joseph Epstein

FAMILIARITY BREEDS CONTENT: New and Selected Essays , by Joseph Epstein

When Tammy Wynette was asked to write a memoir in her mid-30s, she initially declined, she said in an interview, because “I didn’t think my life was over yet.” The publisher responded: Has it occurred to you that in 15 years no one might care? She wrote the book. “Stand by Your Man: An Autobiography” (1979) was a hit.

The essayist and editor Joseph Epstein — whose memoir “Never Say You’ve Had a Lucky Life,” is out now, alongside a greatest-hits collection titled “Familiarity Breeds Content” — has probably never heard Wynette sing except by accident. (In a 1993 essay, he wrote that he wished he didn’t know who Willie Nelson was, because it was a sign of a compromised intellect.) But his memoir illustrates another reason not to wait too long to commit your life to print.

There is no indication that Epstein, who is in his late 80s, has lost a step. His prose is as genial and bland, if comparison to his earlier work is any indication, as it ever was. But there’s a softness to his memories of people, perhaps because it was all so long ago. This is the sort of memoir that insists someone was funny, or erudite, or charismatic, while rarely providing the crucial details.

Epstein aw-shucks his way into “Never Say You’ve Had a Lucky Life” — pretending to be self-effacing while not being so in the least is one of his salient qualities as a writer — by warning readers, “I may not have had a sufficiently interesting life to merit an autobiography.” This is because he “did little, saw nothing notably historic, and endured not much out of the ordinary of anguish or trouble or exaltation.” Quickly, however, he concludes that his life is indeed worth relating, in part because “over the years I have acquired the literary skill to recount that life well.”

Here he is wrong in both directions. His story is interesting enough to warrant this memoir. His personal life has taken complicated turns. And as the longtime editor of the quarterly magazine The American Scholar, and a notably literate conservative culture warrior, he’s been in the thick of things.

He does lack the skill to tell his own story, though, if by “skill” we mean not well-scrubbed Strunk and White sentences but close and penetrating observation. Epstein favors tasseled loafers and bow ties, and most of his sentences read as if they were written by a sentient tasseled loafer and edited by a sentient bow tie.

He grew up in Chicago, where his father manufactured costume jewelry. The young Epstein was popular and, in high school, lettered in tennis. His title refers to being lucky, and a big part of that luck, in his estimation, was to grow up back when kids could be kids, before “the therapeutic culture” took over.

This complaint sets the tone of the book. His own story is set next to a rolling series of cultural grievances. He’s against casual dress, the prohibition of the word “Negro,” grade inflation, the Beat Generation, most of what occurred during the 1960s, standards slipping everywhere, de-Westernizing college curriculums, D.E.I. programs, you name it. His politics aren’t the problem. We can argue about those. American culture needs more well-read conservatives. The problem is that in his search for teachable moments, his memoir acquires the cardboard tone of a middling opinion column.

His youth was not all tennis lessons and root beer floats. He and his friends regularly visited brothels because, he writes, sex was not as easy to come by in the 1950s. He was kicked out of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign for his role in the selling of a stolen accounting exam to other students.

He was lucky to find a place at the University of Chicago, a place of high seriousness. The school changed him. He began to reassess his values. He began to read writers like Irving Howe, Sidney Hook, Midge Decter and Norman Podhoretz, and felt his politics pull to the right.

After college, he was drafted into the Army and ended up in Little Rock, Ark., where he met his first wife. At the time, she was a waitress at a bar and restaurant called the Gar Hole. Here Epstein’s memoir briefly threatens to acquire genuine weight.

She had lost custody of her two sons after a divorce. Together they got them back, and she and Epstein had two sons of their own. After their divorce, Epstein took all four of the boys. This is grist for an entire memoir, but Epstein passes over it quickly. One never gets much of a sense of what his boys were like, or what it was like to raise them. He later tells us that he has all but lost touch with his stepsons and has not seen them for decades.

He worked for the magazine The New Leader and the Encyclopaedia Britannica before becoming the editor of The American Scholar in 1975. It was a position he would hold for 22 years. He also taught at Northwestern University for nearly three decades.

At The American Scholar he began to write a long personal essay in each issue, under the pseudonym Aristides. He wrote 92 of these, on topics such as smoking and envy and reading and height. Most ran to 6,500 words, or about 4,000 words longer than they should have been.

Many magazine editors like to write every so often, to keep a hand in. But there is something unseemly about an editor chewing up acres of space in his own publication on a regular basis. Editorially, it’s a droit du seigneur imposition.

A selection of these essays, as well as some new ones, can now be found in “Familiarity Breeds Content.” In his introduction to this book, Christopher Buckley overpraises Epstein, leaving the reader no choice but to start mentally pushing back.

Buckley calls Epstein “the most entertaining living essayist in the English language.” (Not while Michael Kinsley, Lorrie Moore, Calvin Trillin, Sloane Crosley and Geoff Dyer, among many others, walk the earth.) He repurposes Martin Amis’s comment about Saul Bellow: “One doesn’t read Saul Bellow. One can only reread him.” To this he adds, “Ditto Epstein.” (Epstein is no Saul Bellow.) Buckley says, “Joe Epstein is incapable of writing a boring sentence.”

Well. How about this one, from an essay about cats?

A cat, I realize, cannot be everyone’s cup of fur.

Or this one, from an essay about sports and other obsessions:

I have been told there are people who wig out on pasta.

Or this one, about … guess:

When I was a boy, it occurs to me now, I always had one or another kind of hat.

Juggling today appears to be undergoing a small renaissance.

If one is looking to save on fuel bills, politics is likely to heat up a room quicker than just about anything else.

In tennis I was most notable for flipping and catching my racket in various snappy routines.

The essays are, by and large, as tweedy and self-satisfied as these lines make them sound. There are no wild hairs in them, no sudden deepenings of tone. Nothing is at stake. We are stranded with him on the putt-putt course.

Epstein fills his essays with quotation after quotation, as ballast. I am a fan of well-deployed, free-range quotations. So many of Epstein’s are musty and reek of Bartlett’s. They are from figures like Lord Chesterfield and Lady Mary Montagu and Sir Herbert Grierson and Tocqueville and Walpole and Carlyle. You can feel the moths escaping from the display case in real time.

To be fair, I circled a few sentences in “Familiarity Breeds Content” happily. I’m with him on his distrust of “fun couples.” He writes, “A cowboy without a hat is suitable only for bartending.” I liked his observation, which he borrowed from someone else, that a career has five stages:

(1) Who is Joseph Epstein? (2) Get me Joseph Epstein. (3) We need someone like Joseph Epstein. (4) What we need is a young Joseph Epstein. (5) Who is Joseph Epstein?

It’s no fun to trip up a writer on what might have been a late-career victory lap. Epstein doesn’t need me to like his work. He’s published more than 30 books, and you can’t do that unless you’ve made a lot of readers happy.

NEVER SAY YOU’VE HAD A LUCKY LIFE : Especially If You’ve Had a Lucky Life | By Joseph Epstein | Free Press | 287 pp. | $29.99

FAMILIARITY BREEDS CONTENT : New and Selected Essays | By Joseph Epstein | Simon & Schuster | 441 pp. | Paperback, $20.99

Dwight Garner has been a book critic for The Times since 2008, and before that was an editor at the Book Review for a decade. More about Dwight Garner

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Panama Papers trial’s public portion comes to an unexpectedly speedy end

The Supreme Court stands in Panama City, Monday, April 8, 2024 as the trial starts for those charged in connection with the worldwide “Panama Papers” money laundering case. (AP Photo/Agustin Herrera)

Juergen Mossack, partner of the law firm Mossack-Fonseca, leaves the Supreme Court during the trial of the “Panama Papers” money laundering case in Panama City, Monday, April 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Agustin Herrera)

Lawyers and court workers leave the Supreme Court during a recess for the trial of the “Panama Papers” money laundering case in Panama City, Monday, April 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Agustin Herrera)

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PANAMA CITY (AP) — The public portion of a trial of more than two-dozen associates accused of helping some of the world’s richest people hide their wealth came to an unexpectedly speedy conclusion Friday when a Panamanian judge said she would take the two weeks of trial arguments and testimony under advisement.

The trial came eight years after 11 million leaked secret financial documents that became known as the “Panama Papers” prompted the resignation of the prime minister of Iceland and brought scrutiny to the then-leaders of Argentina and Ukraine, Chinese politicians, and Russian President Vladimir Putin, among others.

Judge Baloisa Marquínez noted Friday that the case included more than 530 volumes of information. The public trial had been expected to run to the end of the month. The judge has 30 working days to issue a verdict.

Those on trial include the owners of the Mossack Fonseca law firm that was at the heart of the 2016 massive document leak. Jürgen Mossack attended the trial, while his partner Ramón Fonseca did not for health reasons, according to his counsel.

Panamanian prosecutors allege that Mossack, Fonseca and their associates created a web of shell companies that used complex transactions to hide money linked to illicit activities in the “car wash” corruption scandal of Brazilian construction giant Odebrecht .

“This whole process from eight years ago until now … has had a lot of consequences for my family, on my personal situation and truly has been a great injustice not just for me but for all of the people who have worked with me,” Mossack testified Friday. “I trust your honor will know how to evaluate all that has been said here.”

Mossack had said at the start of the trial, as he has for years, that he was not guilty of the money laundering charges.

According to Panamanian prosecutors, the Mossack Fonseca firm created 44 shell companies, 31 of which opened accounts in Panama to hide money linked to the Brazilian scandal.

Fonseca has said the firm, which closed in 2018, had no control over how its clients might use offshore vehicles created for them.

Mossack Fonseca helped create and sell around 240,000 shell companies across four decades in business. It announced its closure in March 2018, two years after the scandal erupted.

The firm’s documents were first leaked to the German daily Suddeutsche Zeitung, and were shared with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, which began publishing collaborative reports with news organizations in 2016.

“The reputational deterioration, the media campaign, the financial siege and the irregular actions of some Panamanian authorities have caused irreparable damage, whose consequence is the complete cease of operations to the public,” the firm said in a statement at the time.

The Mossack and Fonseca were acquitted on other charges in 2022.