phd in logistics canada

PhD Supply Chain Management & Logistics programs in Canada

Deadline information, best universities with supply chain management & logistics in canada.

Bachelor Supply Chain Management & Logistics programs in Canada

Master Supply Chain Management & Logistics programs in Canada

Most Popular Supply Chain Management & Logistics programs in Canada

PhD Supply Chain Management & Logistics programs in Canada

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PhD in Administration

Do you want to contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge in management by conducting extensive and innovative research projects in a field that fascinates you? Do your PhD in a world-class school with recognized research units and professors.

Your PhD in short

• Courses offered in French or English, depending on availability and the teachers in charge of conducting them.
• Joint PhD program in administration with three other major participating universities: Concordia, McGill, and the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM). This is one of the world’s most important doctoral training centres in management.
• Full-time courses that allow you to complete your studies in four years.
• Tuition fees waived and competitive funding for the first four years of your studies.

12 specializations

• Applied Economics
• Data Science
• Financial Engineering
• Information Technology
• International Business
• Logistics and Operations Management
• Management Science
• Management, Strategy and Entrepreneurship
• Organizational Behaviour and Human Resources

Individual supervision and acquisition of teaching skills

• Supervision by an experienced faculty member who is deeply involved in research. This person will work closely with you throughout the program. A consulting librarian will also be there to assist you from the beginning of the program.
• Improvement of your teaching skills by participating in workshops and collaborating with experienced teachers. This will enhance your ability to teach and share your knowledge.

“It was an intellectually stimulating experience and a springboard for my career as a professor-researcher! I appreciated the faculty’s expertise and rigour, and how humble they were. The socialization and engagement activities really support success and personal growth. There is an overall sense of open-mindedness, integrity, and commitment. These values have stayed with me in my work in academia.” Karima Afif, Assistant Professor of Operations Management at Université Laval. Graduate of the PhD in Administration – Logistics and Operations Management program (2021)

World-class research and faculty

Research chairs.

including 9 Canada Research Chairs and 26 research and knowledge transfer units

professors at HEC Montréal

with research funding totalling $30 million

at the four partner universities

Profile of the 140 doctoral candidates

are international students or permanent residents

Nearly 500 degrees awarded by HEC Montréal since the program was launched

• This represents almost half of the overall joint PhD program in administration.
• 80% of graduates hold a teaching and/or research position in a university or research unit.
• 20% occupy senior management positions .

“I had the chance to work alongside some of the most prominent scholars in my field. This helped me find a postdoc position at a first-rate business school right after I graduated. As a data science expert, I am now using cutting-edge approaches to solve day-to-day pricing issues.” Hosain Zaman, Data Science Expert at Priceline. Graduate of the PhD in Administration – Decision Sciences program (2021)

HEC Montréal: Among the global élite

Founded in 1907, HEC Montréal was Canada’s first university-level business school.

It was the first in North America to earn the three most prestigious accreditations in its field.

Montreal, a true university city

Greater Montréal is Canada’s university capital, with 11 university institutions and  313 600 students , 58 000 of them from abroad *.

*Data from the Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire (BCI), October 2023.

In fact, Montréal is North America’s second university city in terms of the number of students per inhabitant, after Boston.

Discover HEC Montréal

To learn more

Good reasons to do your PhD in Administration at HEC Montréal

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• Côte-des-Neiges

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Supply Chain Management and Logistics

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The profession

Specialists in the field of supply chain management are the glue that holds a business together.

With the right knowledge, you can play an active role in managing core processes – improving productivity, eliminating waste, balancing the budget, and even impacting environmental sustainability. In short, your decisions will have a real and lasting effect on the bottom line.

By pursuing a program in supply chain management, you’re letting employers know that you’re ready to take the next step. Whether you’re managing orders in the private sector, purchasing materials for a government agency, or representing a consulting company, you’re building a career that’s both rewarding and in demand.

• Undergraduate programs
• Graduate programs

Courses & Workshops

Latest video.

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SCMA (Supply Chain Management Association)

APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society)

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SupplyChainGuide.org

Guide to Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics Programs

On This Page:

Earning a DBA or Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics can take your SCM career to the highest of heights! While exploring cutting-edge theories and tools, you’ll have the opportunity to work on practical research projects that will prepare you to become a supply chain professor, executive, or consultant. Use our guide to learn more about doctoral programs in SCM/L, including curricula, career paths, and the differences between the DBA & Ph.D. Or leap ahead to our degree directory to find a supply chain doctorate that works for you. 

What is a Doctorate in Supply Chain Management and Logistics Programs?

A Doctorate in Supply Chain Management and Logistics (SCM/L) is a research-intensive degree that is designed for students who are interested in working in academia or high-level SCM positions within the industry. Students who choose to pursue a Ph.D. or DBA in Supply Chain Management typically have a passion for pushing the boundaries of SCM and logistics through innovation and research. They seek to make a difference in the field of supply chains by asking “what is possible?” rather than “what is standard practice?”

If this sounds like the right fit for your goals, take a moment to explore the opportunities in our listings . As a doctoral student in SCM/L, you’ll tackle courses in business, operations research, marketing, and quantitative methods. You’ll study everything from the ins & outs of consumer behavior to the complexities of global logistics management. In the second half of the degree, you will also be required to complete a dissertation on an SCM/L topic of your choosing.

Types of Supply Chain Management and Logistics Doctorates

Many types of doctorate programs in our listings focus on SCM/L fields, so it’s important to find one that fits your needs. Standard offerings include:

• Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management: This program focuses on the strategic and operational aspects of supply chains, from planning and procurement to delivery and final consumption. In addition, it teaches students how to optimize supply chains through data analysis and modeling.
• Ph.D. in Logistics: A Ph.D. in Logistics is a degree that helps you learn about how companies operate on a global scale. Coursework covers a broad range of topics, including theory development and research methods.
• DBA in Supply Chain Management and Logistics: The DBA in SCM/L is a graduate program that mixes fundamental business subjects with a concentration on supply chain research and management. This degree is best-suited to students who wish to work as supply chain executives.

Your choices don’t end there! A variety of specialty Ph.D. programs in Supply Chain Management and Logistics are also available, including:

• Ph.D. in Operations Management: This program is designed for students who want to work as operations executives or consultants. A Ph.D. in Operations Management will teach you about how businesses operate and how to optimize operations to improve performance.
• Ph.D. in Global Supply Chain: This Ph.D. will focus on the management of global supply chains, including elements such as cultural differences and international logistics. You’ll learn about how to conduct research in a global setting.
• Doctor of Engineering (DE) in Logistics: A DE in Logistics is a degree that investigates how companies operate on a global scale. The coursework covers a broad range of topics, including theory development and research methods.
• Ph.D. in Supply Chain Engineering: This Ph.D. focuses on the design and optimization of supply chains. It is perfect for students with a background in engineering and offers an interdisciplinary approach, allowing students to explore a variety of topics in the field.
• Ph.D. in Supply Chain Analytics: A Ph.D. in Supply Chain Analytics will teach you how to use data analytics to improve supply chain performance. The program provides students with a strong foundation in quantitative methods and research skills that can be used in a variety of industries.

DBA vs. Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics

Both the DBA and Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics programs will teach you about the research and management of supply chains. However, there are a few key differences between these programs:

Decision Factors

• The DBA in SCM/L focuses specifically on professional and real-world applications, while the Ph.D. focuses more on research & theory.
• The DBA in SCM/L is designed for students who want to work in the supply chain industry, while the Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management is designed for students who want to work in academia or research.
• DBA programs are designed for working professionals, while Ph.D. programs are full-time.
• DBA programs typically take less time to complete (three years), while a Ph.D. is expected to take three to five years.
• Expect 60 credit hours to complete a DBA program and more than 90 credit hours for a Ph.D. program.

Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management Overview

Most Ph.D. programs in Supply Chain Management and Logistics take three to five years to complete. You’ll be required to take advanced-level coursework in supply chain management and logistics, complete a range of research projects and academic papers, and write a dissertation. Credit hours for a Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics will vary, but you can expect to complete a minimum of 90 credit hours.

Admissions Requirements

To be accepted into a Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics program, prospective students must have a master’s degree from a regionally accredited institution (or the international equivalent). GRE or GMAT scores are frequently required. Some programs will also expect you to have prior work experience in the field of supply chain management.

We’ve included links to admissions requirements in our listings so you can assess whether you’re ready to apply. Be prepared to provide the following items:

• Master’s degree from a regionally accredited institution
• Professional résumé
• Letters of recommendation
• GRE or GMAT scores
• Statement of purpose
• Application fee
• Financial guarantee form
• TOEFL scores (international students)
• Relevant background experience

Note: If you only have a bachelor’s degree, you may be able to apply for a streamlined bachelor’s-master’s-doctorate pathway within the university. Ask the Ph.D. program coordinator about your options.

Universities are at liberty to develop their own plans of study for a Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics. A doctorate founded on business administration is not going to have the same focus as a doctorate in engineering. However, most SCM/L doctoral programs will offer a range of intriguing courses that will teach you about the research and management of supply chains.

Here are some subjects you can expect to encounter in a standard SCM/L doctorate in our listings :

• Supply Chain Management Theory
• Strategic Sourcing
• Logistics Management/Systems
• Business Analytics
• Supply Chain Strategy
• Organizational Research Methods

During this time, you could also be writing up academic papers for submissions to journals & conferences and working on industry-related projects.

Comprehensive Exam

Ph.D. coursework is frequently completed in the first few years of your doctorate. Before you’re allowed to write your dissertation, you’ll usually be expected to pass a Comprehensive Exam. This exam will test your knowledge of the material covered in your Ph.D. program in Supply Chain Management and Logistics. It’s typically a written exam, although departments often have the discretion to make it an oral exam as well.

Dissertation & Defense

Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics Programs almost always include a five-chapter dissertation. (DBA programs could contain a doctoral thesis.) Here’s how the Ph.D. dissertation process works:

• Choose a Dissertation Topic: You’ll collaborate with a faculty advisor to find a topic of interest. A dissertation should be a deep-dive into a specific realm of research. Examples of real-life SCM dissertation titles include: “A Study of the Relationship Between Lean Manufacturing Practices and Supplier Performance;” “A Diagnosis of Supply Chain Integration in the Health Sector;” and “Product-Service Bundling in Manufacturing Firms.”
• Defend Your Proposal: Once you’ve selected your dissertation topic, you’ll be expected to develop a research proposal and gain departmental approval to write your dissertation. For example, you might be asked to deliver an oral presentation about your proposed topic.
• Write Your Dissertation: If your dissertation proposal is accepted, you can begin gathering data and pursuing research avenues. A Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management and Logistics dissertation is typically around 100-120 pages long, so be prepared to spend a few years in writing up your work.
• Defend Your Dissertation: Before you can graduate, you will need to defend your dissertation in front of a committee. The committee will usually consist of three to five members, including a chairperson. The committee will ask you questions about your research and dissertation. You may also have to answer questions from an audience.

What Can You Do with a Doctorate in Supply Chain Management and Logistics?

A doctorate in SCM/L can provide you with the skills & knowledge to work in a range of high-paying fields, including academia, research, and logistics management. Most Ph.D. graduates secure positions as university professors, but the right DBA or Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management & Logistics can also open doors to various executive & consultancy positions.

Possible career paths for doctoral graduates include:

• University Professor or Lecturer: Many Ph.D. in SCM/L programs are explicitly designed to prepare you for a career in academia. Upon graduation, you’ll be qualified to teach undergraduate and graduate students about the research and management of supply chains. Look for Ph.D. programs that include teaching assistantships, opportunities to submit academic papers to journals, and conference presentations.
• Research Scientist: A doctorate could also help you secure a position as a top-level researcher in numerous SCM/L fields. Take a look at recent job postings for titles such as Senior Operations Research Analyst, Research Scientist, Senior Technical Analyst, and the like. High-paying research jobs may be available within global companies and the federal government.
• Supply Chain Executive: Earning the right doctorate in SCM/L can qualify you to become a supply chain executive. Doctoral programs like WashU’s DBA in Supply Chain Management are designed for this kind of purpose. If you’re considering Ph.D. programs, check if the curriculum is relevant for consultants & executives and ask about career paths for alumni.
• Consultant: Graduates of SCM/L doctoral programs are also in a prime position to become supply chain management consultants. As an industry freelancer with extensive research experience, you’ll be qualified to step in and help companies improve their supply chain operations through various initiatives.

Ready to start assembling a shortlist of Ph.D. and DBA options? Use these listings to narrow down your choices. Keep in mind that many Ph.D. programs will be full-time, campus-based, and fully funded by the university. DBA programs will have more flexibility in scheduling and may be available online. But you will also have to pay quite a bit for tuition.

All Doctorate in Supply Chain Management Programs

The university of alabama.

Culverhouse College of Business

Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Ph.D. in Operations Management

Arizona state university.

W.P. Carey School of Business

Tempe, Arizona

PhD in Supply Chain Management

University of arkansas.

Department of Supply Chain Management

Fayetteville, Arkansas

Ph.D. in Supply Chain Management

University of california-riverside.

School of Business

Riverside, California

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Operations & Supply Chain Management

University of miami.

Herbert Business School

Coral Gables, Florida

PhD in Business - Operations Management

Phd in operations management, georgia institute of technology.

Stewart School of Industrial & Systems Engineering

Atlanta, Georgia

PhD in Industrial Engineering - Supply Chain Engineering

University of illinois at urbana-champaign.

Gies College of Business

Champaign, Illinois

PhD in Business Administration - Operations Management Emphasis

Indiana university bloomington.

Kelley School of Business

Bloomington, Indiana

Purdue University

Krannert School of Business

West Lafayette, Indiana

PhD in Supply Chain and Operations Management

Iowa state university.

Debbie and Jerry Ivy College of Business

Capitol Technology University

Department of Doctoral Programs

Laurel, Maryland

Doctor of Business Administration in Supply Chain Management

Offered Online

University of Maryland-College Park

Robert H. Smith School of Business

College Park, Maryland

PhD Program - Supply Chain Management Specialization

Massachusetts, university of massachusetts amherst.

Isenberg School of Management

Amherst, Massachusetts

PhD in Management Science - Supply Chain Management

Michigan state university.

East Lansing, Michigan

Ph.D. in Logistics

Ph.d. in operations and sourcing management, university of minnesota-twin cities.

Supply Chain & Operations Department

Minneapolis, Minnesota

PhD in Business Administration - Supply Chain and Operations

University of missouri-st louis.

College of Business Administration

Saint Louis, Missouri

PhD in Business - Logistics and Supply Chain Management Emphasis

Washington university in st louis.

Olin Business School

DBA in Supply Chain, Operations, and Technology

University of nebraska-lincoln.

College of Business

Lincoln, Nebraska

Ph.D. in Business - Supply Chain Management And Analytics Specialization

Rutgers university.

Rutgers Business School

Newark, New Jersey

Ph.D. in Management - Supply Chain Management Concentration

Cornell university.

SC Johnson College of Business

Ithaca, New York

PhD in Management - Operations, Technology, and Information Management

New york university.

Leonard N. Stern School of Business

New York, New York

Syracuse University

Whitman School of Management

Syracuse, New York

North Carolina

Duke university.

Fuqua School of Business

Durham, North Carolina

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Kenan-Flagler

Chapel Hill, North Carolina

North Dakota

North dakota state university-main campus.

Department of Transportation, Logistics, and Finance

Fargo, North Dakota

Ph.D. in Transportation and Logistics

Air force institute of technology-graduate school of engineering & management.

Graduate School of Engineering & Management

Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio

Doctor of Philosophy in Logistics

Kent state university at kent.

Ambassador Crawford College Of Business And Entrepreneurship

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Supply Chain Concentration

Ohio state university-main campus.

Fisher College of Business

Columbus, Ohio

University of Toledo

Operations and Technology Management Department

Toledo, Ohio

PhD in Manufacturing and Technology Management - Operations and Supply Chain Management

University of oklahoma norman campus.

Michael F. Price College of Business

Norman, Oklahoma

University of Oregon

Lundquist College of Business

Eugene, Oregon

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania state university-main campus.

Smeal College of Business

University Park, Pennsylvania

Business Ph.D. with Supply Chain and Information Systems Emphasis

Temple university.

Fox School of Business

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

PhD in Business Administration - Operations and Supply Chain Management

University of pittsburgh-pittsburgh campus.

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

PhD in Business Analytics and Operations

Rhode island, university of rhode island.

Kingston, Rhode Island

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Supply Chain Management Specialization

Ph.d. in operations and supply chain management specialization, south carolina, clemson university.

Department of Management

Clemson, South Carolina

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Supply Chain Management

University of south carolina-columbia.

Darla Moore School of Business

Columbia, South Carolina

Ph.D. in Production/Operations Management

The university of tennessee.

Knoxville, Tennessee

Texas A & M University-College Station

Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering

College Station, Texas

Doctor of Philosophy in Interdisciplinary Engineering - Supply Chain Management Focus

Ph.d. in business administration - operations & supply chain management, the university of texas at austin.

McCombs School of Business

Austin, Texas

IROM PhD in Operations Management

University of houston.

Bauer College of Business

Houston, Texas

University of North Texas

G. Brint Ryan College of Business

Denton, Texas

University of Utah

David Eccles School of Business

Salt Lake City, Utah

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Operations Management

Liberty university.

Lynchburg, Virginia

DBA in Logistics and Supply Chain Management

Old dominion university.

Strome College of Business

Norfolk, Virginia

Ph.D. in Business Administration - Information Technology/Supply Chain Management Concentration

Virginia tech.

Pamplin College of Business

Blacksburg, Virginia

Ph.D. in Business Information Technology - Operations Management, Supply Chain, Management Science

University of wisconsin-madison.

Madison, Wisconsin

PhD in Operations and Information Management

University of wisconsin-milwaukee.

Lubar School of Business

Milwaukee, Wisconsin

PhD in Management Science - Supply Chain and Operations Management

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45 Universities in Canada offering Postgraduate Transportation and Logistics degrees and courses

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Are you looking for Postgraduate courses in Transportation and Logistics? Here you can find course providers offering full-time, part-time, online or distance learning options.

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Loyalist College

University of alberta.

THE World Ranking: 109

Brock University

George Brown College

Centennial College

Fanshawe College

Cape Breton University

Georgian College

Saskatchewan Polytechnic

Fleming College

St. Lawrence College

Seneca Polytechnic

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• The UConn School of Business has grown to become one of the most comprehensive business schools in the country.
• NEW: Want to study in your home country for a foreign qualification? Find out more about cross-border study!

29 Best universities for Supply Chain Management (Logistics) in Canada

Updated: February 29, 2024

• Art & Design
• Computer Science
• Engineering
• Environmental Science
• Liberal Arts & Social Sciences
• Mathematics

Below is a list of best universities in Canada ranked based on their research performance in Supply Chain Management. A graph of 168K citations received by 4.67K academic papers made by 29 universities in Canada was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores.

We don't distinguish between undergraduate and graduate programs nor do we adjust for current majors offered. You can find information about granted degrees on a university page but always double-check with the university website.

1. Concordia University

For Supply Chain Management

2. Ryerson University

3. University of British Columbia

4. Western University

5. University of Calgary

6. McMaster University

7. University of Toronto

8. University of Waterloo

9. Laval University

10. HEC Montreal

11. York University

12. University of Windsor

13. Polytechnic School of Montreal

14. School of Higher Technology - University of Quebec

15. University of New Brunswick

16. McGill University

17. Dalhousie University

18. University of Saskatchewan

19. Wilfrid Laurier University

20. University of Manitoba

21. University of Quebec in Montreal

22. University of Guelph

23. University of Ottawa

24. Simon Fraser University

25. University of Alberta

26. Queen's University

27. Carleton University

28. University of Regina

29. Memorial University of Newfoundland

The best cities to study Supply Chain Management in Canada based on the number of universities and their ranks are Montreal , Toronto , Vancouver , and London .

Business subfields in Canada

25 phd-in-logistics positions in Canada

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Refine Your Search

• Research Job 3
• Postgraduate 2
• University of British Columbia 7
• University of Toronto 7
• McGill University 4
• University of Alberta 3
• Mount Royal University 2
• THOMPSON RIVERS UNIVERSITY 1
• University of Saskatchewan 1
• Economics 9
• Computer Science 3
• Education 1
• Engineering 1
• Humanities 1
• Linguistics 1
• Materials Science 1
• Medical Sciences 1

Student Research Assistant

accessible ways for public use. Qualifications A Master’s or PhD student with experience in planning and administering events, with a demonstrated interest in and knowledge of Africana/Black studies in

Development Officer

). The Faculty also offers a PhD program and in 2019 it introduced a Bachelor of Information (BI) program. MI Students can specialize in one or two concentrations including Archives and Records Management, Library

Research Coordinator (Research Institute)

Duties • Coordinate communication between team members, • Organize conference calls, meetings, keep track of tasks and deadlines, • Manage logistics for local meetings and webinars, • Accounting: drafting

Administrative Coordinator, Academic

currently offers two Master’s degree programs, namely, a Master of Museum Studies (MMSt),and a Master of Information (MI), as well as a Combined MI/MMSt Degree Program (CDP). The Faculty also offers a PhD

Office Assistant C

Supervisor: Elena Bennett, PhD Macdonald Campus; McGill University Hiring Unit: Department of Natural Resource Sciences Position Summary: Tracking expenditures against budgets, placing purchase requisitions

Research Coordinator

presentations; Providing support to the Principal investigators, the research team, research assistants by providing leadership in all aspects of research activities; Arranging all logistics related to cluster

Student Community and Engagement Lead

staff members who are at the forefront of cutting-edge research and innovative teaching. With 3400 students in our undergraduate program and 950 students in our graduate programs (including 58 PhD

Advancement Coordinator

to these changes – but to thoughtfully and conscientiously shape the field of the future. With our robust and comprehensive educational training programs (DDS, MSc, PhD degrees, IDAPP and other specialty programs

SpinUp Program Coordinator

. Determining  logistical details and activities for events and/or programming. Serving as a resource to others by providing (non-supervisory) administrative guidance. Essential Qualifications: Bachelor's Degree

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The University of Manitoba campuses are located on original lands of Anishinaabeg, Ininew, Anisininew, Dakota and Dene peoples, and on the National Homeland of the Red River Métis. More

University of Manitoba

University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada, R3T 2N2

Management (PhD)

The management PhD program is central to the mission of the Asper School of Business at UM. Students are mentored in their research program and in the development of teaching skills. Asper PhD graduates go on to fulfill the increasing need for Canadian-trained management academics.

Program details

Admission requirements.

• Asper School of Business • Stu Clark Graduate School • Faculty of Graduate Studies

• Doctor of Philosophy

Expected duration

Experience the Asper difference

The PhD program is central to the mission of the Asper School of Business at UM. The program was founded in 1990 and our commitment reflects the increasing need for Canadian-trained management academics   The AACSB-accredited program has already fulfilled the expectations of students and faculty and continues to attract highly-qualified individuals who are interested in developing their research and teaching skills.

The PhD program in management is designed to produce graduates who have competitive research and teaching skills and the abilities necessary for placement in teaching positions in Canada and the world.

Expected duration: 4 years

Tuition and fees:  Tuition fees are charged for terms one and two and terms four and five. A continuing fee is paid for term three, term six and each subsequent term. (Refer to Graduate tuition and fees .)

Throughout their doctoral studies, students are engaged in research apprenticeships with the faculty. Students are assured of working with faculty members on several projects during their program and are required to spend a specific number of hours per week working for a faculty member during the term and in the summer. In this way, students are assured of receiving hands-on experience with the research process.

Students are expected to publish conference papers or journal articles during their program. Travelling to conferences and presenting research is a great way to meet other researchers in your field and gain exposure for your work.

Because the PhD program is designed for individuals who wish to pursue an academic career, a teaching practicum is required to help students develop teaching skills.

Program requirements

The PhD program consists of 30-39 credit hours of courses plus a thesis.

• All PhD students must complete both core and other course requirements.
• The core course are comprised of 12 credit hours (four courses) and are based on the student's departmental concentration area in the list outlined below.  
• The core course requirements must be completed regardless of previous professional and/or academic background. (some of the other course requirements may be waived based on previous courses completed in a Masters program).
• All students must complete PHDM 7140 Management Research Project 1 (a theoretical paper) and PHDM 7150 Management Research Project 2 (an empirical paper), both of which are zero credit, pass/fail courses.   
• MKT 7110 Doctoral Seminar in Marketing
• MKT 7120 Doctoral Seminar in Buyer Behaviour
• MKT 7080 Research Design and Methods
• MKT 7100 Selected Topics in Marketing

For full course descriptions, please visit the  Academic Calendar .

Business Administration

One (1) three (3) credit hour course from: 

• GMGT 7410 Organizational Behaviour;
• GMGT 7440 Organizational Theory; or, 
• GMGT 7530 Strategy.

Three (3) additional three (3) credit hour courses from: 

• GMGT 7440 Organizational Theory; 
• GMGT 7410 Organizational Behavior; 
• GMGT 7530 Strategy; or 

Topics courses in the area of organizational behavior, organization theory, strategy, entrepreneurship, international business, industrial relations and human resource management.

FIN 7700 Financial Economics FIN 7710 Empirical Asset Pricing FIN 7712 Seminar in Corporate Finance; and FIN 7714 Advanced Financial Theory

Supply Chain Management

Four of following courses are required:

• SCM 7016 Simulation Models for Operations Management 
• SCM 7018 Seminar in Production and Operations Management 
• SCM 7020 Seminar in Supply Chain Management
• SCM 7030 Doctoral Seminar in Supply Chain Sustainability 
• MSCI 7550 Readings in Management Science
• MSCI 7560 Doctoral Seminar in Management Science
• MSCI 7680 Mathematical Optimization Models
• OPM 7300 Topics Course

Other course requirements

Other course requirements (for all streams) may be required and could include:  

• 1 Philosophy of Science in Management course PHDM 7110 (Note:  Finance students are exempt from this requirement) (3 credit hours);
• 3 Methods or Statistics courses (9 credit hours; or up to 6 courses [18 credit hours] for Finance);
• 2 minor/cognate courses (at least one of which is outside the Asper School of Business; 6 credit hours or up to 3 courses [9 credit hours] for Finance students)

Since students completing an Asper School of Business Ph.D. will be conducting research and teaching in topics related to management, they will be required to have a basic breadth of knowledge in management. Students with a previous business degree will not be required to complete this requirement, but students without a business degree will be required to audit at least one (1) and up to three (3) courses, preferably at the 7000 level, outside their core area in business.   

The following are minimum requirements to be considered for entry into the PhD in management program. Meeting these requirements does not guarantee acceptance into the program.

Those applying to the Asper PhD in management program should possess:

• An earned Master's degree from a recognized institution in a management or business discipline, or in a cognate or foundational disciplinary area (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics, mathematics), with minimum 3.0 G.P.A.;
• A minimum 600 GMAT score (or GRE equivalent);
• English Language Test score, where applicable
• Three letters of reference
• Appropriate research interest and capability as evidenced by a statement of purpose; and,
• A thesis from a recognized institution;
• A major research paper from a recognized institution;
• An independently completed research article published in a refereed journal;
• An independently completed research working paper presented at a conference; and/or
• Other evidence of an appropriate nature, such as written class research projects and term papers.

In addition to the admission requirements described here, all applicants must meet the minimum admission and English language proficiency requirements of the Faculty of Graduate Studies . 

How to apply

Applications for the PhD program are accepted once a year for Fall entry. Applications must be completed online and include several parts:

• $100 application fee (non-refundable)
• Unofficial copies of transcripts
• CV or resume
• Statement of intent
• GMAT or GRE, with a minimum score of 600
• 3 letters of recommendation from academic references
• Proof of English language proficiency , if required

Please read the Faculty of Graduate Studies online application instructions before beginning your application.

GMAT and GRE resources

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) and Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) are standardized tests used to demonstrate academic qualification for graduate programs. Applicants to the Asper (PhD) must provide one of these test scores as part of the admissions process.

• GMAT prep course
• Register for GMAT
• GRE prep course  
• Register for GRE  

Application deadline

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Architecture reviews applications in March.

Applications open up to 18 months prior to start term.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated.

Start or continue your application

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for City Planning reviews applications in March.

Winter applications are accepted on a case-by-case basis.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Design and Planning reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Interior Design reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Landscape Architecture reviews applications in March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Anthropology reviews applications in March/April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Applications open September 1 of year prior to start term.

Application deadlines

Applications open   up to 18 months prior  to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for History reviews applications in February.

Applications are reviewed on a  rolling basis .

Applications open July 1 of year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  Committee basis . The Committee for German and Slavic Studies reviews applications in February/March.

Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis .

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Management reviews applications in February / March.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Physical Therapy reviews applications in April / May.

Applications open  August 1 of the year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Program currently undergoing review, applications will not be opening at this time.

Select Preventive Dental Science in the Program drop-down on the application form.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Educational Administration, Foundations and Psychology reviews applications in March / April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Education reviews applications in February / March.

Applications are reviewed after the deadline, with decisions issued in March - April.

Currently not accepting applications to this program.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Please contact the department for admission committee review timelines.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. Applications received by the March 1 deadline for a September start-date will receive first consideration for any available funding. Late applications will be considered on a case-by-case basis for any available funding, please contact the department for further information.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Human Rights reviews applications in January - March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Law reviews applications in January - March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Nursing (MN) reviews applications in April / May.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Nursing PhD reviews applications in February / March.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee reviews applications as per the timelines noted below each table.

Winter applications reviewed in October Summer applications reviewed in February Fall applications reviewed in June

Winter applications reviewed in June Summer applications reviewed in October Fall applications reviewed in February

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. This includes having the support of a faculty supervisor before you apply.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Natural Resources Management reviews applications in March - June.

After the annual application deadline (see below), applications are reviewed on a committee basis by the Faculty of Social Work internal admissions committee. Once this process is complete, decisions are sent to all applicants in March / April. 

Applications open  July 1 of year prior to start term.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Social Work reviews applications in March / April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Music reviews Fall term applications in December / January, and Winter term applications in July.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Occupational Therapy reviews applications in May / June.

Master of Occupational Therapy regular program  applications open September 15 of the year prior to deadline .

Master of Occupational Therapy accelerated program  applications open October 1  of the year prior to deadline .

The name of your confirmed supervisor is required at the time of application. To identify a prospective thesis research supervisor on your application, please  contact Immunology Faculty members .

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Community Health Sciences reviews applications in March / April.

The name of your preferred supervisor is required at time of application.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . Students selected for in-person interview will be notified in February.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Physician Assistant Studies reviews applications in April.

Offers of admission will be released to successful applicants on May 17, 2024 from the University of Manitoba Master of Physician Assistant Studies, the same day as the University of Toronto BScPA Program and McMaster University Physician Assistant Education Program. The three institutions are pleased to provide applicants their offers on the same day to help with the decision-making process.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Pharmacology and Therapeutics reviews applications one month after the application deadline.

Applications for Pathology MSc are reviewed on a  rolling basis .

Applications for Pathologist Assistant are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Pathologist Assistant reviews applications in April / May. 

The Pathologist Assistant program only admits Canadian and US students every two years. The Fall 2023 intake has been suspended. The next intake is tentatively scheduled for Fall 2025.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Statistics reviews applications in March / April.

Applications are reviewed on a  committee basis . The Admissions committee for Biological Sciences reviews applications one month after deadline.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions committee for Indigenous Studies reviews applications in February and June.

Applicants must submit their online application with supporting documentation and application fee by the deadline date indicated. For those who wish to be considered for scholarships, applications must be received by January 15 of the year in which you're seeking admission.

Applications are reviewed on a committee basis . The Admissions Committee for Applied Human Nutrition reviews applications in February.

Les demandes d’admission sont évaluées par un comité . Le comité d’admission évalu les demandes durant les mois de Mars et Avril.  

Les demandes peut être surmise jusqu’à concurrence de 18 mois avant le début de premier trimestre.

Toute demande d’admission en ligne doit être déposée, avec documents à l’appui, au plus tard aux dates indiquées.

Soumettre ou continuer votre application

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Learn about the tuition and fee requirements associated with graduate studies at UM.

Academic Calendar

Explore program requirements and detailed descriptions for required and elective courses throughout the Asper graduate programs.

Explore the Asper School of Business

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• Stu Clark Centre of Entrepreneurship
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Discovery happens here. Join the graduate students and researchers who come here from every corner of the world. They are drawn to the University of Manitoba because it offers the opportunity to do transformational research.

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With over 140 programs across multiple faculties, schools and colleges, the University of Manitoba offers more learning, teaching and research opportunities than any other post-secondary institution in the province.

• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
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• MSc in Management

Join the students and researchers who come here from every corner of the world.

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Admission and application inquiries.

Faculty of Graduate Studies Room 500 UMSU University Centre 65 Chancellors Circle University of Manitoba (Fort Garry campus) Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada

[email protected] Phone: 204-474-9377

Monday to Friday 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

Program inquiries

Stu Clark Graduate School Asper School of Business Room 501, Drake Centre 181 Freedman Crescent University of Manitoba (Fort Garry campus) Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V4 Canada Phone: 204-474-6781 Email: [email protected]  Book an appointment

37 Degrees in Transportation and Logistics in Canada for 2024

• Transportation and Logistics

Transportation and Logistics (37)

• Logistics (17)
• Supply Chain Management (26)
• Transportation (2)
• Back to main category
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• Transportation

Advanced Diploma In Business Administration (Supply Chain and Operations Management)

Centennial college.

• Online Canada
• Toronto, Canada

Advanced Diploma

6 semesters

The Business Administration - Supply Chain and Operations Management Advanced Diploma will prepare students with the necessary skills to effectively and efficiently run a business. One of the most interactive aspects of this Business School program will involve learning to integrate manual and computer-based systems, such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software, as they relate to supply chain management activities.

Advanced Diploma in Business Administration–Supply Chain and Operations Management (with or without work experience)

George brown college.

Students in the Business Administration–Supply Chain and Operations Management program in Toronto will be prepared to perform marketing forecasting, demand management, production planning, and other functions, in careers that include logistics, transportation, warehousing, exporting, planning and forecasting. The supply chain management courses in this program will allow graduates to demonstrate knowledge, skills, and abilities related to both business in general, and supply chain jobs in particular.

Bachelor of Commerce (Supply Chain Management) (Honours) (Co-op)

The algonquin college of applied arts and technology.

• Ottawa, Canada

With a focus on business and technology, the four-year Bachelor of Commerce (Supply Chain Management) (Honours) degree provides you with skills and knowledge for a rewarding career involving supply chain management. Businesses are looking for skilled leaders who demonstrate the ability to create and execute plans to improve processes in all industry sectors.

Business Administration – Supply Chain and Operations Management

The Business Administration - Supply Chain and Operations Management program at Centennial College focuses on teaching you how to effectively and efficiently run a business.

Diploma in Hospitality – Hotel Operations Management

The Hospitality - Hotel Operations Management program offers you the business skills and acumen to work in a wide range of areas within this multifaceted industry.

Graduate Certificate In Supply Chain Management – Logistics

Graduate Certificate

2 semesters

The Supply Chain Management – Logistics Post Graduate Certificate provides students with an inter-disciplinary perspective to the multitude of supply chain management and logistics roles that are crucial to the success of any organization.

Graduate Certificate in Supply Chain Management - Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Loyalist college of applied arts & technology.

Prepare for a range of careers within the expanding field of supply chain management with this two-year post-graduate program. As a graduate of Loyalist's full-time Graduate Certificate in Supply Chain Management - Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) program, you may be eligible for advanced standing into the certified Supply Chain Management Professional (SCMP) Designation Program.

Graduate Certificate in Supply Chain Management – Global Logistics

• Belleville, Canada

Before products hit the shelves, there's a lot of work that goes on behind the scenes - from purchasing materials and coordinating inventory to the distribution of finished goods. As global trade widens and deepens, the demand for skilled workers in the areas of supply chain logistics and international trade compliance has significantly increased. Recognizing this trend, many individuals are opting to enhance their credentials and career prospects by pursuing a Graduate Certificate in Supply Chain Management – Global Logistics.

Honours Bachelor of Commerce (Supply Chain Management)

Honours Bachelor of Commerce (Supply Chain Management). Develop specialized skills to work in a wide range of industries with the Honours Bachelor of Commerce (Supply Chain Management) program. Learn how to analyze data, optimize your use of technology, and build relationships to capitalize on emerging opportunities in the dynamic and fast-paced supply chain management field.

Hospitality - Hotel Operations Management

The Hospitality - Hotel Operations Management program will offer you business skills and acumen to work in a wide range of areas within this multifaceted industry. Among these areas will be front desk management, housekeeping operations, food and beverage management, and human resources planning.

MBA in Quality Management

Westford university college.

• Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
• Lagos, Nigeria

MBA, Postgraduate Diploma

Distance Learning, On-Campus

MBA in Quality Management, The objective of CIQ-UCAM Dual Certification MBA programme is to assist the learners in attaining a certificate from two renowned bodies and further helping them in acquiring knowledge and skills in leadership, change management, management accounting, finance, and people management. It is designed to assist the students in gaining additional competence on consulting, entrepreneurship, decision making process and business operations design and management. The program is aimed at professionals in engineering, law, business management, liberal arts, education and general management background, whose aim is to achieve an international MBA from a reputable university.

Master of Supply Chain Management (MSCM)

Schulich school of business - york university.

Full time, Part time

The Master of Supply Chain Management (MSCM) program will prepare students for leadership roles in building, managing and changing supply chains. The 39‐credit full-time or part-time program will develop the analytical and managerial skills needed to find creative supply chain solutions to business opportunities and problems in private, nonprofit, or governmental sectors.

Motive Power Fundamentals - Parts & Counter Personnel

Train for a career in the fast-paced and ever-changing automotive field with expertise that can be applied to motive power trades such as heavy equipment, small engine, marine, power sport, truck and coach and agricultural technician.

Postgraduate Diploma in Supply Chain Management & Logistics

Postgraduate Diploma, Postgraduate Diploma

Supply chain management and logistics are integral to the success of organisations, both in the private and public sectors. It is an area of study that targets several key functions that are involved in the acquisition of goods and services. Though they may vary from one market sector to the other, generally, in summary, these functions can involve, strategic procurement, demand planning, physical distribution, logistics, and warehouse management. As supply chain governance and best practice strategies become commonplace in today’s developing and modern enterprises and states, greater expectations are demanded from the supply chain and logistics professionals intended towards the organisations achieving their objectives. Postgraduate Diploma in Supply Chain Management & Logistics is certified by CIQ, UK a professional awarding body from the UK. This PG Diploma Qualification helps professionals or senior managers in organisations working in the world of supply chain and logistics. Graduates of this programme will work with marketing, operations, accounting, finance, and information systems to ensure that products/services are created and delivered, based on a total system view from suppliers to end customers. This Supply Chain & Logistics Diploma course will up-skill participants and provide them with the necessary expertise to meet the Logistics challenges of the future.

Supply Chain Management - Global

Georgian college.

• Barrie, Canada

The global population needs a constant supply of goods and services. To respond to these demands in a way that is cost-effective and time-sensitive requires the skilled input of supply chain practitioners: professionals and leaders who can apply logistical planning strategies, troubleshoot problems, and provide support throughout the global and domestic trade networks. Within this program, students prepare for rewarding careers in supply chain management and logistics, as they develop specialized technical knowledge and skills through practical learning activities, simulations, and guest speakers. Students gain global supply chain competencies by examining the connections between strategic objectives, stakeholder expectations, and supply chain design, functions, processes, and roles.

Popular degree type

Popular study format

Popular education type

Degrees in Transportation and Logistics

Transportation and Logistics ensure goods, people, and information get from point A to point B efficiently and effectively. The field is crucial for global trade and commerce because it helps products and services reach their destination quickly and without breaking the bank. During a Transportation and Logistics degree, you'll likely explore the whole supply chain process – from buying and producing goods to getting it out there and keeping customers happy. You'll also study the different modes of transportation, including air, sea, rail, and road, and learn how to select the most efficient and cost-effective options. Plus, you'll learn the ins and outs of running a business day-to-day, such as planning production, quality control, and management. With a degree in Transportation and Logistics, you can find employment in various industries like manufacturing, retail, e-commerce, and even government agencies.

Canada is the best country to pursue your higher education if you are an interactive person. Almost every ethnic group is represented in Canada thus it's a multicultural society. Language barrier is not an issue to foreign students as Canada is considered the world's leader in language training.

Doctoral Programs

Mit phd in logistics and supply chain.

The MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics (CTL) works with two other departments to offer the PhD in Logistics and Supply Chain: The interdepartmental Transportation Education Committee hosted by Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) and The Institute for Data, Systems, and Society (IDSS). The interdepartmental structure of the program allows students flexibility in developing individual programs of study that cross both disciplinary and departmental lines. The student’s research is performed at, and is supervised by faculty at the MIT Center for Transportation & Logistics. Students must apply for this program through either CEE or IDSS and indicate on their application their interest in pursuing a PhD in Logistics and Supply Chain. Apply for the PhD degree through CEE Apply for the PhD degree through IDSS Learn More about the CTL Cohort of Research Postdocs & Students (CTL CORPS)

University of Zaragoza PhD in Logistics and Supply Chain Management

This full-time program follows the highest international quality standards for doctoral studies, from the intensive admissions process to the comprehensive exam and thesis defense. Students in their second year can spend a semester or longer at MIT and have the opportunity to study at other leading business and engineering schools. The ZLC PhD degree and MIT-Zaragoza certificate enable graduates to take faculty positions at leading universities around the world or to become innovation leaders for international companies.

Read more about ZLC's Doctorate program

• Graduate School
• Prospective Students
• Graduate Degree Programs

Master of Science in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (MSCB)

Canadian immigration updates.

Applicants to Master’s and Doctoral degrees are not affected by the recently announced cap on study permits. Review more details

Go to programs search

Aimed at students interested in research, the UBC MSc in Business Administration is a challenging and rigorous program designed to prepare students for a PhD program and a subsequent career in academia.

As an MSc student, you will not only become part of a rich and stimulating academic community with a strong research emphasis, but you will also enjoy the opportunity to work with the best research faculty in Canada.

For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website

What makes the program unique?

The Sauder School of Business is considered the top research business school in Canada and a leading academic institution. Sauder is the leading recipient of research grants from Canada's major federal agencies and outperforms other Canadian business schools in both research publications and citations. In 2012, the Financial Times rankings put Sauder among its top 20 in the world for research impact and the Social Sciences Research Network (SSRN) rated the Sauder School of Business as 17th in the world for business and management research among schools outside of the United States. Sauder faculty members hold editorial positions at major journals in their fields and their work is recognized internationally. The Sauder School of Business at UBC is home to excellent teaching, an active research community and a strong collaborative culture.

Quick Facts

Program enquiries, admission information & requirements, 1) check eligibility, minimum academic requirements.

The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:

• Canada or the United States
• International countries other than the United States

Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.

English Language Test

Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.

Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:

TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - internet-based

Overall score requirement : 100

IELTS: International English Language Testing System

Overall score requirement : 7.0

Other Test Scores

Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:

The GRE or a comparable test is required. Please check the program website.

2) Meet Deadlines

3) prepare application, transcripts.

All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.

Letters of Reference

A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.

Statement of Interest

Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.

Supervision

Students in research-based programs usually require a faculty member to function as their thesis supervisor. Please follow the instructions provided by each program whether applicants should contact faculty members.

Instructions regarding thesis supervisor contact for Master of Science in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (MSCB)

Citizenship verification.

Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.

4) Apply Online

All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.

Tuition & Financial Support

Financial support.

Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options, including merit-based (i.e. based on your academic performance) and need-based (i.e. based on your financial situation) opportunities.

Scholarships & awards (merit-based funding)

All applicants are encouraged to review the awards listing to identify potential opportunities to fund their graduate education. The database lists merit-based scholarships and awards and allows for filtering by various criteria, such as domestic vs. international or degree level.

Graduate Research Assistantships (GRA)

Many professors are able to provide Research Assistantships (GRA) from their research grants to support full-time graduate students studying under their supervision. The duties constitute part of the student's graduate degree requirements. A Graduate Research Assistantship is considered a form of fellowship for a period of graduate study and is therefore not covered by a collective agreement. Stipends vary widely, and are dependent on the field of study and the type of research grant from which the assistantship is being funded.

Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTA)

Graduate programs may have Teaching Assistantships available for registered full-time graduate students. Full teaching assistantships involve 12 hours work per week in preparation, lecturing, or laboratory instruction although many graduate programs offer partial TA appointments at less than 12 hours per week. Teaching assistantship rates are set by collective bargaining between the University and the Teaching Assistants' Union .

Graduate Academic Assistantships (GAA)

Academic Assistantships are employment opportunities to perform work that is relevant to the university or to an individual faculty member, but not to support the student’s graduate research and thesis. Wages are considered regular earnings and when paid monthly, include vacation pay.

Financial aid (need-based funding)

Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .

All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.

Foreign government scholarships

Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.

Working while studying

The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.

International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.

A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .

Tax credits and RRSP withdrawals

Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.

Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.

Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.

Cost Estimator

Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.

Career Options

Our MSc is designed mainly to prepare students for further studies in a PhD program. Our MSc graduates have proceeded to PhD programs at the University of British Columbia, Columbia University, MIT, Northwestern University, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Minnesota, University of Toronto, London Business School, London School of Economics and the National University of Singapore. A fraction of our students take non-academic positions.

Enrolment, Duration & Other Stats

These statistics show data for the Master of Science in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (MSCB). Data are separated for each degree program combination. You may view data for other degree options in the respective program profile.

ENROLMENT DATA

Completion rates & times.

• Research Supervisors

Advice and insights from UBC Faculty on reaching out to supervisors

These videos contain some general advice from faculty across UBC on finding and reaching out to a supervisor. They are not program specific.

This list shows faculty members with full supervisory privileges who are affiliated with this program. It is not a comprehensive list of all potential supervisors as faculty from other programs or faculty members without full supervisory privileges can request approvals to supervise graduate students in this program.

• Granot, Daniel (Game Theory and Application, Discrete Optimization, Operations Management)
• Huh, Tim (Inventory control, supply chain management, capacity planning, operations research)
• Kim, Michael (Dynamic Programming, Statistical Learning, Robust Optimization, Exploration vs Exploitation Trade-offs)
• Krishnan, Harish (Economics and business administration; Inventory and distribution logistics; Contracts and supply chains; Incentive distortions in supply chains; Management; Operations management; Supply chain management)
• Lindsey, Charles (Transport economics; Urban, rural and regional economics; Advanced traveler information systems; climate change; Economic Policies; Financing transportation infrastructure; Parking policy; Public transit; Queuing; Road pricing; Traffic congestion; Transportation Systems; Advanced Air Mobility)
• Nagarajan, Mahesh (Supply chain management, applied game theory, inventory management )
• Shechter, Steven (Opertaions and logistics)
• Yan, Julia (Integer Programming, Optimization, Transportation, Operations Research)
• Zhang, Hao (Stochastic games, dynamic principal-agent problems; Information asymmetry and incentive problems in operations management; Supply-chain management, revenue management; Partially observable Markov decision processes, machine learning, reinforcement learning )
• Zhang, Anming (transport economics and policy; air cargo logistics, Transport economics and policy, air cargo logistics, industrial organization)

Sample Thesis Submissions

• An empirical examination of the Canadian air passenger market : distinguishing the impact of LCC and ULCC market entry

Related Programs

Same specialization.

• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Transportation and Logistics (PhD)

Same Academic Unit

• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Accounting (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Finance (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Management Information Systems (PhD)
• Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration in Management Science (PhD)
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United states, financial releases, ups to release first-quarter 2024 results on tuesday, april 23, 2024.

ATLANTA--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- UPS (NYSE:UPS) will announce its 2024 first-quarter results on April 23, 2024, at approximately 6:00 a.m. Eastern Time.

At 8:30 a.m. ET, UPS Chief Executive Officer Carol Tomé and Chief Financial Officer Brian Newman will lead an investor conference call to discuss the results. This call will be open to the public via a live webcast.

To listen, visit https://www.investors.ups.com and click on “Webcast.” The webcast audio will be accessible on the Investor Relations website for a limited time following the call.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240409548090/en/

UPS Public Relations 404-828-7123 [email protected]

Source: UPS

Released April 9, 2024

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25 Questions (and Answers!) About the Great North American Eclipse

The McDonald Observatory’s guide to one of nature’s most beautiful and astounding events: What you might see, how to view it safely, how astronomers will study it, how animals might react, and some of the mythology and superstitions about the Sun’s great disappearing act.

1. What’s happening?

The Moon will cross directly between Earth and the Sun, temporarily blocking the Sun from view along a narrow path across Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Viewers across the rest of the United States will see a partial eclipse, with the Moon covering only part of the Sun’s disk.

2. When will it happen?

The eclipse takes place on April 8. It will get underway at 10:42 a.m. CDT, when the Moon’s shadow first touches Earth’s surface, creating a partial eclipse. The Big Show—totality—begins at about 11:39 a.m., over the south-central Pacific Ocean. The shadow will first touch North America an hour and a half later, on the Pacific coast of Mexico. Moving at more than 1,600 miles (2,575 km) per hour, the path of totality will enter the United States at Eagle Pass, Texas, at 1:27 p.m. CDT. The lunar shadow will exit the United States and enter the Canadian province of New Brunswick near Houlton, Maine, at 2:35 p.m. (3:35 p.m. EDT).

3. How long will totality last?

The exact timing depends on your location. The maximum length is 4 minutes, 27 seconds near Torreon, Mexico. In the United States, several towns in southwestern Texas will see 4 minutes, 24 seconds of totality. The closer a location is to the centerline of the path of totality, the longer the eclipse will last.

4. What will it look like?

Eclipse veterans say there’s nothing quite like a total solar eclipse. In the last moments before the Sun disappears behind the Moon, bits of sunlight filter through the lunar mountains and canyons, forming bright points of light known as Baily’s beads. The last of the beads provides a brief blaze known as a diamond ring effect. When it fades away, the sky turns dark and the corona comes into view— million-degree plasma expelled from the Sun’s surface. It forms silvery filaments that radiate away from the Sun. Solar prominences, which are fountains of gas from the surface, form smaller, redder streamers on the rim of the Sun’s disk.

5. What safety precautions do I need to take?

It’s perfectly safe to look at the total phase of the eclipse with your eyes alone. In fact, experts say it’s the best way to enjoy the spectacle. The corona, which surrounds the intervening Moon with silvery tendrils of light, is only about as bright as a full Moon.

During the partial phases of the eclipse, however, including the final moments before and first moments after totality, your eyes need protection from the Sun’s blinding light. Even a 99-percent-eclipsed Sun is thousands of times brighter than a full Moon, so even a tiny sliver of direct sunlight can be dangerous!

To stay safe, use commercially available eclipse viewers, which can look like eyeglasses or can be embedded in a flat sheet that you hold in front of your face. Make sure your viewer meets the proper safety standards, and inspect it before you use it to make sure there are no scratches to let in unfiltered sunlight.

You also can view the eclipse through a piece of welder’s glass (No. 14 or darker), or stand under a leafy tree and look at the ground; the gaps between leaves act as lenses, projecting a view of the eclipse on the ground. With an especially leafy tree you can see hundreds of images of the eclipse at once. (You can also use a colander or similar piece of gear to create the same effect.)

One final mode of eclipse watching is with a pinhole camera. You can make one by poking a small hole in an index card, file folder, or piece of stiff cardboard. Let the Sun shine through the hole onto the ground or a piece of paper, but don’t look at the Sun through the hole! The hole projects an image of the eclipsed Sun, allowing you to follow the entire sequence, from the moment of first contact through the Moon’s disappearance hours later.

6. Where can I see the eclipse?

In the United States, the path of totality will extend from Eagle Pass, Texas, to Houlton, Maine. It will cross 15 states: Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine, Tennessee, and Michigan (although it barely nicks the last two).

In Texas, the eclipse will darken the sky over Austin, Waco, and Dallas—the most populous city in the path, where totality (the period when the Sun is totally eclipsed) will last 3 minutes, 51 seconds.

Other large cities along the path include Little Rock; Indianapolis; Dayton, Toledo, and Cleveland, Ohio; Erie, Pennsylvania; Buffalo and Rochester, New York; and Burlington, Vermont.

Outside the path of totality, American skywatchers will see a partial eclipse, in which the Sun covers only part of the Sun’s disk. The sky will grow dusky and the air will get cooler, but the partially eclipsed Sun is still too bright to look at without proper eye protection. The closer to the path of totality, the greater the extent of the eclipse. From Memphis and Nashville, for example, the Moon will cover more than 95 percent of the Sun’s disk. From Denver and Phoenix, it’s about 65 percent. And for the unlucky skywatchers in Seattle, far to the northwest of the eclipse centerline, it’s a meager 20 percent.

The total eclipse path also crosses Mexico, from the Pacific coast, at Mazatlán, to the Texas border. It also crosses a small portion of Canada, barely including Hamilton, Ontario. Eclipse Details for Locations Around the United States • aa.usno.navy.mil/data/Eclipse2024 • eclipse.aas.org • GreatAmericanEclipse.com

7. What causes solar eclipses?

These awe-inspiring spectacles are the result of a pleasant celestial coincidence: The Sun and Moon appear almost exactly the same size in Earth’s sky. The Sun is actually about 400 times wider than the Moon but it’s also about 400 times farther, so when the new Moon passes directly between Earth and the Sun—an alignment known as syzygy—it can cover the Sun’s disk, blocking it from view.

8. Why don’t we see an eclipse at every new Moon?

The Moon’s orbit around Earth is tilted a bit with respect to the Sun’s path across the sky, known as the ecliptic. Because of that angle, the Moon passes north or south of the Sun most months, so there’s no eclipse. When the geometry is just right, however, the Moon casts its shadow on Earth’s surface, creating a solar eclipse. Not all eclipses are total. The Moon’s distance from Earth varies a bit, as does Earth’s distance from the Sun. If the Moon passes directly between Earth and the Sun when the Moon is at its farthest, we see an annular eclipse, in which a ring of sunlight encircles the Moon. Regardless of the distance, if the SunMoon-Earth alignment is off by a small amount, the Moon can cover only a portion of the Sun’s disk, creating a partial eclipse.

9. How often do solar eclipses happen?

Earth sees as least two solar eclipses per year, and, rarely, as many as five. Only three eclipses per two years are total. In addition, total eclipses are visible only along narrow paths. According to Belgian astronomer Jean Meuss, who specializes in calculating such things, any given place on Earth will see a total solar eclipse, on average, once every 375 years. That number is averaged over many centuries, so the exact gap varies. It might be centuries between succeeding eclipses, or it might be only a few years. A small region of Illinois, Missouri, and Kentucky, close to the southeast of St. Louis, for example, saw the total eclipse of 2017 and will experience this year’s eclipse as well. Overall, though, you don’t want to wait for a total eclipse to come to you. If you have a chance to travel to an eclipse path, take it!

10. What is the limit for the length of totality?

Astronomers have calculated the length of totality for eclipses thousands of years into the future. Their calculations show that the greatest extent of totality will come during the eclipse of July 16, 2186, at 7 minutes, 29 seconds, in the Atlantic Ocean, near the coast of South America. The eclipse will occur when the Moon is near its closest point to Earth, so it appears largest in the sky, and Earth is near its farthest point from the Sun, so the Sun appears smaller than average. That eclipse, by the way, belongs to the same Saros cycle as this year’s.

11. When will the next total eclipse be seen from the United States?

The next total eclipse visible from anywhere in the United States will take place on March 30, 2033, across Alaska. On August 22, 2044, a total eclipse will be visible across parts of Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. The next eclipse to cross the entire country will take place on August 12, 2045, streaking from northern California to southern Florida. Here are the other total solar eclipses visible from the contiguous U.S. this century:

March 30, 2052 Florida, Georgia, tip of South Carolina May 11, 2078 From Louisiana to North Carolina May 1, 2079 From Philadelphia up the Atlantic coast to Maine September 14, 2099 From North Dakota to the Virginia-North Carolina border

12. What is the origin of the word ‘eclipse?’

The word first appeared in English writings in the late 13th century. It traces its roots, however, to the Greek words “ecleipsis” or “ekleipein.” According to various sources, the meaning was “to leave out, fail to appear,” “a failing, forsaking,” or “abandon, cease, die.”

13. Do solar eclipses follow any kind of pattern?

The Moon goes through several cycles. The best known is its 29.5-day cycle of phases, from new through full and back again. Other cycles include its distance from Earth (which varies by about 30,000 miles (50,000 km) over 27.5 days) and its relationship to the Sun’s path across the sky, known as the ecliptic (27.2 days), among others. These three cycles overlap every 6,585.3 days, which is 18 years, 11 days, and 8 hours.

This cycle of cycles is known as a Saros (a word created by Babylonians). The circumstances for each succeeding eclipse in a Saros are similar—the Moon is about the same distance from Earth, for example, and they occur at the same time of year. Each eclipse occurs one-third of the way around Earth from the previous one, however; the next eclipse in this Saros, for example, will be visible from parts of the Pacific Ocean.

Each Saros begins with a partial eclipse. A portion of the Moon just nips the northern edge of the Sun, for example, blocking only a fraction of the Sun’s light. With each succeeding eclipse in the cycle, the Moon covers a larger fraction of the solar disk, eventually creating dozens of total eclipses. The Moon then slides out of alignment again, this time in the opposite direction, creating more partial eclipses. The series ends with a grazing partial eclipse on the opposite hemisphere (the southern tip, for example).

Several Saros cycles churn along simultaneously (40 are active now), so Earth doesn’t have to wait 18 years between eclipses. They can occur at intervals of one, five, six, or seven months.

The April 8 eclipse is the 30th of Saros 139, a series of 71 events that began with a partial eclipse, in the far north, and will end with another partial eclipse, this time in the far southern hemisphere. The next eclipse in this Saros, also total, will take place on April 20, 2042.

First eclipse May 17, 1501

First total eclipse December 21, 1843

Final total eclipse March 26, 2601

Longest total eclipse July 16, 2186,  7 minutes, 29 seconds

Final partial eclipse July 3, 2763

All eclipses 71 (43 total, 16 partial, 12 hybrid)

Source: NASA Catalog of Solar Eclipses: eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros139.html

14. What about eclipse seasons?

Eclipses occur in “seasons,” with two or three eclipses (lunar and solar) in a period of about five weeks. Individual eclipses are separated by two weeks: a lunar eclipse at full Moon, a solar eclipse at new Moon (the sequence can occur in either order). If the first eclipse in a season occurs during the first few days of the window, then the season will have three eclipses. When one eclipse in the season is poor, the other usually is much better.

That’s certainly the case with the season that includes the April 8 eclipse. It begins with a penumbral lunar eclipse on the night of March 24, in which the Moon will pass through Earth’s outer shadow. The eclipse will cover the Americas, although the shadow is so faint that most skywatchers won’t notice it.

This article was previously published in the March/April 2024 issue of StarDate  magazine, a publication of The University of Texas at Austin’s McDonald Observatory. Catch StarDate’s daily radio program on more than 300 stations nationwide or subscribe online at  stardate.org .

15. How can astronomers forecast eclipses so accurately?

They’ve been recording eclipses and the motions of the Moon for millennia. And over the past half century they’ve been bouncing laser beams off of special reflectors carried to the Moon by Apollo astronauts and Soviet rovers. Those observations reveal the Moon’s position to within a fraction of an inch. Using a combination of the Earth-Moon distance, the Moon’s precise shape, Earth’s rotation and its distance from the Sun, and other factors, astronomers can predict the timing of an eclipse to within a fraction of a second many centuries into the future.

Edmond Halley made the first confirmed solar eclipse prediction, using the laws of gravity devised only a few decades earlier by Isaac Newton. Halley forecast that an eclipse would cross England on May 3, 1715. He missed the timing by just four minutes and the path by 20 miles, so the eclipse is known as Halley’s Eclipse.

16. What are the types of solar eclipses?

Total : the Moon completely covers the Sun.

Annular : the Moon is too far away to completely cover the Sun, leaving a bright ring of sunlight around it.

Partial : the Moon covers only part of the Sun’s disk.

Hybrid : an eclipse that is annular at its beginning and end, but total at its peak.

17. What are Baily’s beads?

During the minute or two before or after totality, bits of the Sun shine through canyons and other features on the limb of the Moon, producing “beads” of sunlight. They were first recorded and explained by Edmond Halley, in 1715. During a presentation to the Royal Academy of Sciences more than a century later, however, astronomer Frances Baily first described them as “a string of beads,” so they’ve been known as Baily’s beads ever since. Please note that Baily’s beads are too bright to look at without eye protection!

18. Will Earth always see total solar eclipses?

No, it will not. The Moon is moving away from Earth at about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) per year. Based on that rate of recession, in about 600 million years the Moon would have moved so far from Earth that it would no longer appear large enough to cover the Sun. The speed at which the Moon separates from Earth changes over the eons, however, so scientists aren’t sure just when Earth will see its final total solar eclipse.

19. How will the eclipse affect solar power?

If your solar-powered house is in or near the path of totality, the lights truly will go out, as they do at night. For large power grids, the eclipse will temporarily reduce the total amount of electricity contributed by solar generation. During the October 14, 2023, annular eclipse, available solar power plummeted in California and Texas. At the same time, demand increased as individual Sun-powered homes and other buildings began drawing electricity from the power grid. Both networks were able to compensate with stations powered by natural gas and other sources.

The power drop during this year’s eclipse could be more dramatic because there will be less sunlight at the peak of the eclipse.

20. What are some of the myths and superstitions associated with solar eclipses?

Most ancient cultures created stories to explain the Sun’s mysterious and terrifying disappearances.

In China and elsewhere, it was thought the Sun was being devoured by a dragon. Other cultures blamed a hungry frog (Vietnam), a giant wolf loosed by the god Loki (Scandinavia), or the severed head of a monster (India). Still others saw an eclipse as a quarrel (or a reunion) between Sun and Moon. Some peoples shot flaming arrows into the sky to scare away the monster or to rekindle the solar fire. One especially intriguing story, from Transylvania, said that an eclipse occurred when the Sun covered her face in disgust at bad human behavior.

Eclipses have been seen as omens of evil deeds to come. In August 1133, King Henry I left England for Normandy one day before a lengthy solar eclipse, bringing prophesies of doom. The country later was plunged into civil war, and Henry died before he could return home, strengthening the impression that solar eclipses were bad mojo.

Ancient superstitions claimed that eclipses could cause plague and other maladies. Modern superstitions say that food prepared during an eclipse is poison and that an eclipse will damage the babies of pregnant women who look at it. None of that is true, of course. There’s nothing at all to fear from this beautiful natural event.

21. How do animals react to solar eclipses?

Scientists haven’t studied the topic very thoroughly, but they do have some general conclusions. Many daytime animals start their evening rituals, while many nighttime animals wake up when the eclipse is over, perhaps cursing their alarm clocks for letting them sleep so late!

During the 2017 total eclipse, scientists observed 17 species at Riverbanks Zoo in Columbia, South Carolina. About three-quarters of the species showed some response as the sky darkened. Some animals acted nervous, while others simply headed for bed. A species of gibbon had the most unusual reaction, moving excitedly and chattering in ways the zookeepers hadn’t seen before.

Other studies have reported that bats and owls sometimes come out during totality, hippos move toward their nighttime feeding grounds, and spiders tear down their webs, only to rebuild them when the Sun returns. Bees have been seen to return to their hives during totality and not budge until the next day, crickets begin their evening chorus, and, unfortunately, mosquitoes emerge, ready to dine on unsuspecting eclipse watchers.

A NASA project, Eclipse Soundscapes, is using volunteers around the country to learn more about how animals react to the changes. The project collected audio recordings and observations by participants during the annular eclipse last year, and will repeat the observations this year. Volunteers can sign up at eclipsesoundscapes.org

22. How will scientists study this year’s eclipse?

Astronomers don’t pay quite as much professional attention to solar eclipses as they did in decades and centuries past. However, they still schedule special observations to add to their knowledge of the Sun and especially the inner edge of the corona.

Sun-watching satellites create artificial eclipses by placing a small disk across the face of the Sun, blocking the Sun’s disk and revealing the corona, solar prominences, and big explosions of charged particles known as coronal mass ejections.

Because of the way light travels around the edges of an eclipsing disk, however, it’s difficult to observe the region just above the Sun’s visible surface, which is where much of the action takes place. The corona is heated to millions of degrees there, and the constant flow of particles known as the solar wind is accelerated to a million miles per hour or faster, so solar astronomers really want to see that region in detail. The eclipsing Moon doesn’t create the same effects around the limb of the Sun, so a solar eclipse still provides the best way to look close to the Sun’s surface.

For this year’s eclipse, some scientists will repeat a series of experiments they conducted in 2017 using a pair of highaltitude WB-57 aircraft to “tag team” through the lunar shadow, providing several extra minutes of observations.

Other scientists will use the eclipse to study Earth’s ionosphere, an electrically charged layer of the atmosphere that “bends” radio waves, allowing them to travel thousands of miles around the planet. Sunlight rips apart atoms and molecules during the day, intensifying the charge. At night, the atoms and molecules recombine, reducing the charge.

Physicists want to understand how the ionosphere reacts to the temporary loss of sunlight during an eclipse. They will do so with the help of thousands of volunteer ham radio operators, who will exchange messages with others around the planet. During last October’s annular eclipse, when the Moon covered most but not all of the Sun, the experiment showed a large and immediate change in the ionosphere as the sunlight dimmed.

NASA also will launch three small “sounding” rockets, which loft instruments into space for a few minutes, to probe the ionosphere shortly before, during, and shortly after the eclipse.

Another project will use radar to study changes in the interactions between the solar wind and Earth’s atmosphere, while yet another will use a radio telescope to map sunspots and surrounding regions as the Moon passes across them.

One project will piece together images of the eclipse snapped through more than 40 identical telescopes spaced along the path of totality to create a one-hour movie of the eclipse. The telescopes will be equipped with instruments that see the three-dimensional structure of the corona, allowing solar scientists to plot how the corona changes.

23. What have astronomers learned from eclipses?

Solar eclipses have been powerful tools for studying the Sun, the layout of the solar system, and the physics of the universe.

Until the Space Age, astronomers could see the Sun’s corona only during eclipses, so they traveled around the world to catch these brief glimpses of it.

Eclipses also offered a chance to refine the scale of the solar system. Watching an eclipse from different spots on Earth and comparing the angles of the Moon and Sun helped reveal the relative sizes and distances of both bodies, which were important steps in understanding their true distances.

During an eclipse in 1868, two astronomers discovered a new element in the corona. It was named helium, after Helios, a Greek name for the Sun. The element wasn’t discovered on Earth until a quarter of a century later.

An eclipse in 1919 helped confirm General Relativity, which was Albert Einstein’s theory of gravity. The theory predicted that the gravity of a massive body should deflect the path of light rays flying near its surface. During the eclipse, astronomers found that the positions of background stars that appeared near the Sun were shifted by a tiny amount, which was in perfect agreement with Einstein’s equations.

Today, astronomers are using records of eclipses dating back thousands of years to measure changes in Earth’s rotation rate and the distance to the Moon.

24. How did astronomers study eclipses in the past?

With great effort! From the time they could accurately predict when and where solar eclipses would be visible, they organized expeditions that took them to every continent except Antarctica, on trips that lasted months and that sometimes were spoiled by clouds or problems both technical and human.

During the American Revolution, for example, a group of Harvard scientists led by Samuel Williams received safe passage from the British army to view an eclipse from Penobscot Bay, Maine, on October 21, 1780. Williams slightly miscalculated the eclipse path, though, so the group missed totality by a few miles. (The expedition did make some useful observations, however.)

In 1860, an expedition headed by Simon Newcomb, one of America’s top astronomers, journeyed up the Saskatchewan River, hundreds of miles from the nearest city, braving rapids, mosquitoes, and bad weather. After five grueling weeks, they had to stop short of their planned viewing site, although at a location still inside the eclipse path. Clouds covered the Sun until almost the end of totality, however, so the expedition came up empty.

King Mongkut of Siam invited a French expedition and hundreds of other dignitaries to view an eclipse from present-day Thailand in 1868. He built an observatory and a large compound to house his guests at a site Mongkut himself had selected as the best viewing spot. The eclipse came off perfectly, but many visitors contracted malaria. So did Mongkut, who died a few weeks later.

An expedition in 1914, to Russia, was plagued by both clouds and the start of World War I. The team abandoned its instruments at a Russian observatory and escaped through Scandinavia.

The eclipse of July 29, 1878, offered fewer impediments. In fact, it was a scientific and social extravaganza. The eclipse path stretched from Montana Territory to Texas. Teams of astronomers from the United States and Europe spread out along the path. Thomas Edison stationed his group in Wyoming, where he used a tasimeter, a device of his own creation, to try to measure the temperature of the corona. Samuel Pierpoint Langley, a future secretary of the Smithsonian, was atop Pikes Peak in Colorado. Maria Mitchell, perhaps America’s leading female scientist, decamped to Denver. And Asaph Hall, who had discovered the moons of Mars just the year before, journeyed to the flatlands of eastern Colorado.

Thousands of average Americans joined the festivities, paying outrageous prices for some of the best viewing spots. Some things, it seems, never change.

25. What about lunar eclipses?

While solar eclipses happen during new Moon, lunar eclipses occur when the Moon is full, so it aligns opposite the Sun in our sky. The Moon passes through Earth’s shadow. In a total eclipse, the entire lunar disk turns orange or red. In a partial eclipse, Earth’s inner shadow covers only a portion of the Moon. And during a penumbral eclipse, the Moon passes through the outer portion of Earth’s shadow, darkening the Moon so little that most people don’t even notice it.

Lunar eclipses happen as often as solar eclipses—at least twice per year. This is a poor year for lunar eclipses, however. There is a penumbral eclipse on the night of March 24, with the Moon slipping through Earth’s faint outer shadow, and a partial eclipse on the night of September 17, in which the Moon barely dips into the darker inner shadow. Both eclipses will be visible from most of the United States.

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