definition of extemporaneous speech brainly

4 Extemporaneous Speaking: The Basics

Learning Objectives

• Demonstrate an understanding of proper speech delivery by learning the key elements of extemporaneous speaking and the time it will take to deliver the well-developed speech.

Extemporaneous Speaking

Extemporaneous speaking is a fancy way of saying: delivering a well-prepared speech. Extemporaneous speaking is not delivering a monologue or a memorized speech. Public speaking students often fall into the trap of under-preparing and under-practicing their speeches. This results in an, “Oh! no! I am not prepared and now I must read this outline word-for-word and hope for the best.” However, the best does not come to fruition and students that engage in this practice are disappointed when they lose substantial points from their speech grade due to lack of preparation, practice, and reading word-for-word from an outline. Just – don’t – do -it.

Here are a few ways you can engage in extemporaneous speaking:

• Know your speech topic
• Research your topic
• Create a timeline – research, writing, peer-review, practicing, editing, practicing again
• Create note cards to guide your speech
• Practice, practice, practice
• connecting with your audience is key in extemporaneous speaking

Dialogue vs. Monologue

The first tenet of the dialogic perspective is that communication should be a dialogue and not a monologue. Lev Yakubinsky argued that even public speaking situations often turn into dialogues when audience members actively engage speakers by asking questions. He even claimed that nonverbal behavior (e.g., nodding one’s head in agreement or scowling) functions as feedback for speakers and contributes to a dialogue (Yakubinsky, 1997). Overall, if you approach your public speaking experience as a dialogue, you’ll be more actively engaged as a speaker and more attentive to how your audience is responding, which will, in turn, lead to more actively engaged audience members.

Build a Proper Timeline

• To ensure you have enough time for the assignment, create a timeline that works for your schedule
• Week 1 – Brainstorm your speech topic and conduct an audience analysis
• Week 2 – Research, gather support, plan outline, and write a speech
• Week 3 – Edit, peer-review, begin practicing your speech
• Week 4 – Revise, practice, create note cards, create a visual aid, and refine your delivery

Building on This Information

As you progress through this course, you will revisit proper extemporaneous speaking, the use of outlining, proper use of notecards, and delivering a strong speech. It is important to note that your audience deserves a speech that is interesting, thoughtful, and well-rehearsed. The audience is listening to you as the credible speaker in the room; in order to remain credible and professional, you will want to deliver an extemporaneous speech.

Key Takeaways

Students will want to become familiar with extemporaneous speaking in order to work towards a speech delivery that relies on effective speech strategies and not reading word-for-word from an outline.

• Extemporaneous speaking is a skill that public speaking students must hone in on before delivering their speech to an audience.
• Students will want to plan ahead to deliver a strong speech in the informative and persuasive speech weeks of this course.
• Creating a proper timeline will assist in delivering a well-developed extemporaneous speech.

Public Speaking Copyright © by Dr. Layne Goodman; Amber Green, M.A.; and Various is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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What Is An Extemporaneous Speech?

If you’ve ever wondered, “What is an extemporaneous speech?” you’re in the right place! In this article, we’ll dive into the exciting world of extemporaneous speaking and discover what makes it a unique and thrilling form of communication. So, buckle up and get ready for an adventure in public speaking that’s going to blow your socks off!

Picture this: you’re standing in front of a crowd, your heart pounding with anticipation. The spotlight is on you, and you have limited time to come up with a persuasive and cohesive speech on a given topic. That’s what an extemporaneous speech is all about! It’s a thrilling challenge that tests your ability to think on your feet and deliver a compelling message without the luxury of extensive preparation.

But don’t fret! Extensive preparation doesn’t mean you’re left hanging in the wind. In fact, extemporaneous speakers use a variety of skills, such as critical thinking, research, and organization, to craft their speeches on the spot. So, if you’re ready to unleash your inner orator and captivate audiences with your spontaneous wit and charm, let’s dive deeper into the world of extemporaneous speaking!

Table of Contents

Understanding Extemporaneous Speech: A Guide to Spontaneous Expression

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on extemporaneous speech! Whether you’re a seasoned public speaker or just starting out, understanding what an extemporaneous speech is and how to deliver one effectively is crucial. In this article, we will explore the definition of an extemporaneous speech, its components, benefits, and provide tips for delivering an impressive extemporaneous speech. So, let’s dive right in!

What is an Extemporaneous Speech?

An extemporaneous speech is a type of public speaking that requires speakers to present a well-researched and organized speech on a given topic without extensive preparation or a fully written script. Unlike a scripted speech, where every word is written beforehand and memorized, an extemporaneous speech allows speakers to use notes or prompts for guidance while delivering their presentation.

Extemporaneous speeches are commonly used in academic settings, such as debates, competitions, and classroom presentations. They test the speaker’s ability to think on their feet, organize their thoughts quickly, and deliver a coherent and persuasive argument or message. Extemporaneous speaking combines elements of impromptu speaking and prepared speeches, striking a balance between spontaneity and structure.

One of the key aspects of an extemporaneous speech is the delivery style. Speakers should aim to maintain a conversational tone, engage the audience, and connect with them authentically. While some level of preparation is allowed, the main goal of an extemporaneous speech is to demonstrate critical thinking skills, adaptability, and effective communication.

The Components of an Extemporaneous Speech

Before diving into the process of delivering an extemporaneous speech, let’s take a closer look at its essential components:

• Preparation: While an extemporaneous speech is not fully scripted, it still requires some level of preparation. Speakers should gather information on the given topic, research relevant data, and formulate key points or arguments. This step ensures that the speech is well-informed and coherent.
• Structure: An extemporaneous speech typically follows a basic structure, including an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should grab the audience’s attention, introduce the topic, and provide a clear thesis statement. The body should consist of main points supported by evidence, while the conclusion should summarize the key ideas and leave a lasting impression.
• Delivery: As mentioned earlier, the delivery of an extemporaneous speech should be conversational and engaging. Speakers should maintain eye contact with the audience, use appropriate gestures and body language, and speak clearly and confidently. It is important to strike a balance between sticking to the main points and allowing flexibility in responding to the audience’s reactions.

Tips for Delivering an Impressive Extemporaneous Speech

Now that we have a basic understanding of what an extemporaneous speech entails, let’s explore some tips for delivering an impressive extemporaneous speech :

• Practice active listening: Engage in active listening to absorb information and gather different perspectives on the given topic. This will enable you to develop a well-rounded and informed speech.
• Understand the audience: Consider the demographics, interests, and knowledge level of the audience. Tailor your speech to resonate with them and address their specific needs or concerns.
• Organize your thoughts: Utilize note-taking techniques, such as mind maps or bullet points, to organize your thoughts and maintain a clear structure during your speech.
• Practice improvisation: Embrace impromptu speaking opportunities to enhance your ability to think on your feet and respond to unexpected questions or challenges.
• Focus on body language: Pay attention to your body language, facial expressions, and vocal tone. Maintain a confident posture, make eye contact with the audience, and use gestures to emphasize your points.
• Engage the audience: Make your speech interactive by asking questions, incorporating storytelling, or inviting the audience to participate. This will create a dynamic and memorable experience.
• Reflect and learn: After delivering your extemporaneous speech, take the time to reflect on your performance. Identify areas for improvement, seek feedback from others, and continue refining your skills.

Benefits of Mastering Extemporaneous Speaking

Moving beyond the basics, let’s explore some of the benefits of mastering extemporaneous speaking :

1. Enhanced Communication Skills

Extemporaneous speaking hones your ability to articulate ideas clearly, engage with an audience, and adapt your message based on their reactions. This translates into improved communication skills that are valuable in various personal and professional scenarios.

2. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving

Delivering an extemporaneous speech requires quick thinking, analyzing information, and developing logical arguments on the spot. By regularly practicing this skill, you’ll strengthen your critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

3. Confidence Building

As you become more adept at delivering impromptu speeches, your self-confidence will grow. The ability to express yourself confidently and coherently in front of an audience can boost your self-esteem and positively impact other areas of your life.

Mastering Extemporaneous Speaking: A Lifelong Journey

Now that you have the knowledge and tips to deliver an impressive extemporaneous speech, it’s time to embark on your journey of mastering this valuable skill. Remember, extemporaneous speaking requires practice, patience, and a willingness to step out of your comfort zone. Embrace each speaking opportunity as a chance to grow and learn, and soon you’ll be captivating audiences with your well-crafted and spontaneous speeches. Happy speaking!

Key Takeaways: What is an Extemporaneous Speech?

• An extemporaneous speech is a speech that is delivered without extensive preparation.
• It allows the speaker to effectively communicate their ideas in a spontaneous and natural manner.
• This type of speech is commonly used in competitions or public speaking events.
• Key skills for delivering an extemporaneous speech include good organization, clear articulation, and the ability to think on your feet.
• Practicing and familiarizing yourself with different topics can help improve your extemporaneous speaking skills.

Frequently Asked Questions

Welcome to our frequently asked questions section where we’ll answer common inquiries about extemporaneous speeches. Whether you’re a student preparing for a school assignment or an aspiring public speaker, we’ve got you covered. Discover the ins and outs of extemporaneous speaking below.

1. How would you define an extemporaneous speech?

An extemporaneous speech is a type of impromptu presentation where the speaker delivers a prepared speech without relying on a script or memorized content. It requires the speaker to think on their feet and express their thoughts and ideas in a clear, concise, and organized manner. Rather than being fully spontaneous, an extemporaneous speech involves some level of preparation, research, and organization. This type of speaking encourages adaptability and quick thinking.

Extemporaneous speeches are often given in educational settings, competitions, or professional environments. They help develop skills such as critical thinking, effective communication, and the ability to convey complex ideas in a limited amount of time.

2. How does an extemporaneous speech differ from other types of speech?

An extemporaneous speech differs from other types of speeches, such as impromptu speeches, scripted speeches, or memorized speeches, in several ways. Unlike an impromptu speech, which is delivered with little to no preparation, an extemporaneous speech involves some level of prior research and organization. It allows speakers to gather information and structure their thoughts before stepping up to deliver their speech.

On the other hand, a scripted speech is one that is completely written out beforehand, while a memorized speech is fully memorized and recited word-for-word. In contrast, an extemporaneous speech requires the speaker to have a general idea of what they want to say but allows for flexibility and adaptation while delivering the speech.

3. What are the benefits of delivering an extemporaneous speech?

Delivering an extemporaneous speech offers several benefits. Firstly, it helps develop critical thinking skills as speakers must quickly analyze information and construct their arguments in a coherent manner. It also enhances public speaking skills by encouraging improvisation, adaptability, and engagement with the audience.

Extemporaneous speaking can also boost self-confidence as speakers learn to trust their knowledge and ability to convey ideas without relying on a script. Additionally, it helps improve research skills and the ability to synthesize information into a persuasive speech. Overall, the benefits of delivering an extemporaneous speech extend beyond the realm of public speaking and can be applied to various areas of personal and professional development.

4. What are some tips for delivering an effective extemporaneous speech?

To deliver an effective extemporaneous speech, it’s essential to focus on a few key tips. Firstly, practice impromptu speaking regularly to develop quick thinking and organization skills. Additionally, familiarize yourself with current events and gather knowledge on various topics to have a broader pool of information to draw from during your speech.

When delivering the speech, maintain eye contact with the audience, use confident body language, and vary your tone and pace to keep the listeners engaged. Structure your speech with a clear introduction, main points, and a concise conclusion. Finally, practice time management to ensure your speech fits within the allotted timeframe.

5. Can anyone become proficient in delivering extemporaneous speeches?

Absolutely! With practice and perseverance, anyone can become proficient in delivering extemporaneous speeches. The key is to start by gradually building your skills. Begin by practicing impromptu speaking in a supportive environment with friends or family members. As you gain confidence, challenge yourself by participating in public speaking events or competitions where you can receive constructive feedback.

Engage in activities that enhance critical thinking, such as reading extensively and staying informed about current events. Seek opportunities to speak in front of others, whether it’s in school, community events, or professional settings. Remember, becoming proficient in extemporaneous speaking is a journey that requires patience and a willingness to learn from both successes and failures.

How to Deliver an Extemporaneous Presentation or Speech

So, now you know what an extemporaneous speech is! It’s a speech you make without a script or memorizing everything. You get a topic and a little time to prepare, and then you speak from what you already know. It’s a great way to practice thinking on your feet and sharing your ideas with others. Just remember to stay calm, be confident, and have fun with it!

In an extemporaneous speech, you need to organize your thoughts, use examples to support your ideas, and speak clearly and confidently. Don’t stress too much about being perfect – the important thing is to connect with your audience and share your knowledge. So next time you have to give an extemporaneous speech, remember the tips and techniques we’ve discussed, and go out there and shine!

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11.2: Methods of Speech Delivery

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• Page ID 17797

• Kris Barton & Barbara G. Tucker
• Florida State University & University of Georgia via GALILEO Open Learning Materials

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What follows are four methods of delivery that can help you balance between too much and too little formality when giving a speech. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses, but you will most likely want to focus on the extemporaneous approach, since that is probably what your instructor will want from you.

Impromptu Speaking

Impromptu speaking is the presentation of a short message without advance preparation. You have probably done impromptu speaking many times in informal, conversational settings. Self-introductions in group settings are examples of impromptu speaking: “Hi, my name is Steve, and I’m a volunteer with the Homes for the Brave program.” Another example of impromptu speaking occurs when you answer a question such as, “What did you think of the movie?” Your response has not been preplanned, and you are constructing your arguments and points as you speak. Even worse, you might find yourself going into a meeting and your boss says, “I want you to talk about the last stage of the project. . . “ and you have no warning.

The advantage of this kind of speaking is that it’s spontaneous and responsive in an animated group context. The disadvantage is that the speaker is given little or no time to contemplate the central theme of his or her message. As a result, the message may be disorganized and difficult for listeners to follow.

Here is a step-by-step guide that may be useful if you are called upon to give an impromptu speech in public:

• Take a moment to collect your thoughts and plan the main point or points you want to make.
• Thank the person for inviting you to speak. Do not make comments about being unprepared, called upon at the last moment, on the spot, or uneasy. No one wants to hear that and it will embarrass others and yourself.
• Deliver your message, making your main point as briefly as you can while still covering it adequately and at a pace your listeners can follow.
• Stay on track. Answer the question or prompt as given; resist the temptation to go elsewhere.
• If you can, use a structure, using numbers if possible: “Two main reasons . . .” or “Three parts of our plan. . .” or “Two side effects of this drug. . .” Past, present, and future or East Coast, Midwest, and West Coast are common structures.
• Thank the person again for the opportunity to speak.
• Stop talking (it is easy to “ramble on” when you don’t have something prepared). If in front of an audience, don’t keep talking as you move back to your seat.

Impromptu speeches are generally most successful when they are brief and focus on a single point.

Manuscript Speaking

Manuscript speaking is the word-for-word iteration of a written message. In a manuscript speech, the speaker maintains his or her attention on the printed page except when using visual aids. The advantage to reading from a manuscript is the exact repetition of original words. In some circumstances this can be extremely important. For example, reading a statement about your organization’s legal responsibilities to customers may require that the original words be exact. In reading one word at a time, in order, the only errors would typically be mispronunciation of a word or stumbling over complex sentence structure. A manuscript speech may also be appropriate at a more formal affair (like a funeral), when your speech must be said exactly as written in order to convey the proper emotion or decorum the situation deserves.

However, there are costs involved in manuscript speaking. First, it’s typically an uninteresting way to present. Unless the speaker has rehearsed the reading as a complete performance animated with vocal expression and gestures (well-known authors often do this for book readings), the presentation tends to be dull. Keeping one’s eyes glued to the script prevents eye contact with the audience. For this kind of “straight” manuscript speech to hold audience attention, the audience must be already interested in the message and speaker before the delivery begins.

It is worth noting that professional speakers, actors, news reporters, and politicians often read from an autocue device, such as a TelePrompTer, especially when appearing on television, where eye contact with the camera is crucial. With practice, a speaker can achieve a conversational tone and give the impression of speaking extemporaneously and maintaining eye contact while using an autocue device. However, success in this medium depends on two factors: (1) the speaker is already an accomplished public speaker who has learned to use a conversational tone while delivering a prepared script, and (2) the speech is written in a style that sounds conversational and in spoken rather than written, edited English, for example, with shorter sentences and clearer transitions.

For the purposes of your public speaking class, you will not be encouraged to read your speech. Instead, you will be asked to give an extemporaneous presentation.

Extemporaneous Speaking

Extemporaneous speaking is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational manner using brief notes. By using notes rather than a full manuscript, the extemporaneous speaker can establish and maintain eye contact with the audience and assess how well they are understanding the speech as it progresses. And since you will be graded (to some degree) on establishing and maintaining eye contact with your audience, extemporaneous speaking can be extremely beneficial in that regard. Without all the words on the page to read, you have little choice but to look up and make eye contact with your audience. In some cases, your instructor will require you to prepare strong preparation and speaking (notes) outlines as a foundation for your speech; this topic is addressed in Chapter 6.

Speaking extemporaneously has some advantages. It promotes the likelihood that you, the speaker, will be perceived as knowledgeable and credible since you know the speech well enough that you don’t need to read it. In addition, your audience is likely to pay better attention to the message because it is engaging both verbally and nonverbally. It also allows flexibility; you are working from the strong foundation of an outline, but if you need to delete, add, or rephrase something at the last minute or to adapt to your audience, you can do so. The outline also helps you be aware of main ideas vs. subordinate ones.

The disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking is that it in some cases it does not allow for the verbal and the nonverbal preparation that are almost always required for a good speech. Adequate preparation cannot be achieved the day before you’re scheduled to speak, so be aware that if you want to present a credibly delivered speech, you will need to practice many times. Because extemporaneous speaking is the style used in the great majority of public speaking situations, most of the information in the subsequent sections of this chapter is targeted toward this kind of speaking.

Memorized Speaking

Memorized speaking is the rote recitation of a written message that the speaker has committed to memory. Actors, of course, recite from memory whenever they perform from a script. When it comes to speeches, memorization can be useful when the message needs to be exact and the speaker doesn’t want to be confined by notes.

The advantage to memorization is that it enables the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience throughout the speech. Being free of notes means that you can move freely around the stage and use your hands to make gestures. If your speech uses visual aids, this freedom is even more of an advantage.

However, there are some real and potential costs. First, unless you also plan and memorize every vocal cue (the subtle but meaningful variations in speech delivery, which can include the use of pitch, tone, volume, and pace), gesture, and facial expression, your presentation will be flat and uninteresting, and even the most fascinating topic will suffer. You might end up speaking in a monotone or a sing-song repetitive delivery pattern. You might also present your speech in a rapid “machine-gun” style that fails to emphasize the most important points.

Second, if you lose your place and start trying to ad lib, the contrast in your style of delivery will alert your audience that something is wrong. If you go completely blank during the presentation, it will be extremely difficult to find your place and keep going. Obviously, memorizing a typical seven-minute classroom speech takes a great deal of time and effort, and if you aren’t used to memorizing, it is very difficult to pull off. Realistically, you probably will not have the time necessary to give a completely memorized speech. However, if you practice adequately, you will approach the feeling of memorized while still being extemporaneous.

As we said earlier, for the purposes of this class you will use extemporaneous speaking. Many professional speakers who are paid to make speeches use this approach because, while they may largely know what they want to say, they usually make changes and adjustments based on the audience or event. This approach also incorporates most of the benefits of memorized speaking (knowing what you want to say; being very thoroughly rehearsed) and manuscript speaking (having some words in front of you to refer to) without the inherent pitfalls those approaches bring with them.

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14.1 Four Methods of Delivery

Learning objectives.

• Differentiate among the four methods of speech delivery.
• Understand when to use each of the four methods of speech delivery.

Maryland GovPics – House of Ruth Luncheon – CC BY 2.0.

The easiest approach to speech delivery is not always the best. Substantial work goes into the careful preparation of an interesting and ethical message, so it is understandable that students may have the impulse to avoid “messing it up” by simply reading it word for word. But students who do this miss out on one of the major reasons for studying public speaking: to learn ways to “connect” with one’s audience and to increase one’s confidence in doing so. You already know how to read, and you already know how to talk. But public speaking is neither reading nor talking.

Speaking in public has more formality than talking. During a speech, you should present yourself professionally. This doesn’t mean you must wear a suit or “dress up” (unless your instructor asks you to), but it does mean making yourself presentable by being well groomed and wearing clean, appropriate clothes. It also means being prepared to use language correctly and appropriately for the audience and the topic, to make eye contact with your audience, and to look like you know your topic very well.

While speaking has more formality than talking, it has less formality than reading. Speaking allows for meaningful pauses, eye contact, small changes in word order, and vocal emphasis. Reading is a more or less exact replication of words on paper without the use of any nonverbal interpretation. Speaking, as you will realize if you think about excellent speakers you have seen and heard, provides a more animated message.

The next sections introduce four methods of delivery that can help you balance between too much and too little formality when giving a public speech.

Impromptu Speaking

Impromptu speaking is the presentation of a short message without advance preparation. Impromptu speeches often occur when someone is asked to “say a few words” or give a toast on a special occasion. You have probably done impromptu speaking many times in informal, conversational settings. Self-introductions in group settings are examples of impromptu speaking: “Hi, my name is Steve, and I’m a volunteer with the Homes for the Brave program.” Another example of impromptu speaking occurs when you answer a question such as, “What did you think of the documentary?”

The advantage of this kind of speaking is that it’s spontaneous and responsive in an animated group context. The disadvantage is that the speaker is given little or no time to contemplate the central theme of his or her message. As a result, the message may be disorganized and difficult for listeners to follow.

Here is a step-by-step guide that may be useful if you are called upon to give an impromptu speech in public.

• Take a moment to collect your thoughts and plan the main point you want to make.
• Thank the person for inviting you to speak.
• Deliver your message, making your main point as briefly as you can while still covering it adequately and at a pace your listeners can follow.
• Thank the person again for the opportunity to speak.
• Stop talking.

As you can see, impromptu speeches are generally most successful when they are brief and focus on a single point.

Extemporaneous Speaking

Extemporaneous speaking is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a conversational manner using brief notes. By using notes rather than a full manuscript, the extemporaneous speaker can establish and maintain eye contact with the audience and assess how well they are understanding the speech as it progresses. The opportunity to assess is also an opportunity to restate more clearly any idea or concept that the audience seems to have trouble grasping.

For instance, suppose you are speaking about workplace safety and you use the term “sleep deprivation.” If you notice your audience’s eyes glazing over, this might not be a result of their own sleep deprivation, but rather an indication of their uncertainty about what you mean. If this happens, you can add a short explanation; for example, “sleep deprivation is sleep loss serious enough to threaten one’s cognition, hand-to-eye coordination, judgment, and emotional health.” You might also (or instead) provide a concrete example to illustrate the idea. Then you can resume your message, having clarified an important concept.

Speaking extemporaneously has some advantages. It promotes the likelihood that you, the speaker, will be perceived as knowledgeable and credible. In addition, your audience is likely to pay better attention to the message because it is engaging both verbally and nonverbally. The disadvantage of extemporaneous speaking is that it requires a great deal of preparation for both the verbal and the nonverbal components of the speech. Adequate preparation cannot be achieved the day before you’re scheduled to speak.

Because extemporaneous speaking is the style used in the great majority of public speaking situations, most of the information in this chapter is targeted to this kind of speaking.

Speaking from a Manuscript

Manuscript speaking is the word-for-word iteration of a written message. In a manuscript speech, the speaker maintains his or her attention on the printed page except when using visual aids.

The advantage to reading from a manuscript is the exact repetition of original words. As we mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, in some circumstances this can be extremely important. For example, reading a statement about your organization’s legal responsibilities to customers may require that the original words be exact. In reading one word at a time, in order, the only errors would typically be mispronunciation of a word or stumbling over complex sentence structure.

However, there are costs involved in manuscript speaking. First, it’s typically an uninteresting way to present. Unless the speaker has rehearsed the reading as a complete performance animated with vocal expression and gestures (as poets do in a poetry slam and actors do in a reader’s theater), the presentation tends to be dull. Keeping one’s eyes glued to the script precludes eye contact with the audience. For this kind of “straight” manuscript speech to hold audience attention, the audience must be already interested in the message before the delivery begins.

It is worth noting that professional speakers, actors, news reporters, and politicians often read from an autocue device, such as a TelePrompTer, especially when appearing on television, where eye contact with the camera is crucial. With practice, a speaker can achieve a conversational tone and give the impression of speaking extemporaneously while using an autocue device. However, success in this medium depends on two factors: (1) the speaker is already an accomplished public speaker who has learned to use a conversational tone while delivering a prepared script, and (2) the speech is written in a style that sounds conversational.

Speaking from Memory

Memorized speaking is the rote recitation of a written message that the speaker has committed to memory. Actors, of course, recite from memory whenever they perform from a script in a stage play, television program, or movie scene. When it comes to speeches, memorization can be useful when the message needs to be exact and the speaker doesn’t want to be confined by notes.

The advantage to memorization is that it enables the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience throughout the speech. Being free of notes means that you can move freely around the stage and use your hands to make gestures. If your speech uses visual aids, this freedom is even more of an advantage. However, there are some real and potential costs. First, unless you also plan and memorize every vocal cue (the subtle but meaningful variations in speech delivery, which can include the use of pitch, tone, volume, and pace), gesture, and facial expression, your presentation will be flat and uninteresting, and even the most fascinating topic will suffer. You might end up speaking in a monotone or a sing-song repetitive delivery pattern. You might also present your speech in a rapid “machine-gun” style that fails to emphasize the most important points. Second, if you lose your place and start trying to ad lib, the contrast in your style of delivery will alert your audience that something is wrong. More frighteningly, if you go completely blank during the presentation, it will be extremely difficult to find your place and keep going.

Key Takeaways

• There are four main kinds of speech delivery: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized.
• Impromptu speaking involves delivering a message on the spur of the moment, as when someone is asked to “say a few words.”
• Extemporaneous speaking consists of delivering a speech in a conversational fashion using notes. This is the style most speeches call for.
• Manuscript speaking consists of reading a fully scripted speech. It is useful when a message needs to be delivered in precise words.
• Memorized speaking consists of reciting a scripted speech from memory. Memorization allows the speaker to be free of notes.
• Find a short newspaper story. Read it out loud to a classroom partner. Then, using only one notecard, tell the classroom partner in your own words what the story said. Listen to your partner’s observations about the differences in your delivery.
• In a group of four or five students, ask each student to give a one-minute impromptu speech answering the question, “What is the most important personal quality for academic success?”
• Watch the evening news. Observe the differences between news anchors using a TelePrompTer and interviewees who are using no notes of any kind. What differences do you observe?

Stand up, Speak out Copyright © 2016 by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Extemporaneous Speech

How to Write an Extemporaneous Speech? A Step-by-Step Guide

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Do you have to deliver an extemporaneous speech and don't know where to start? Well, you're in the right place! 

Whether you're a student participating in a debate, or a professional giving an impromptu or extemporaneous speech, this guide will help you write an exceptional speech.

We will not only provide extemporaneous speech definition and examples but also give you professional tips that will help you understand the topic better.

This step-by-step guide will assist you in writing an outstanding extemporaneous speech that captivates your audience. 

So, let’s dive right in!

• 1. Understanding Extemporaneous Speech
• 2. 7 Easy Steps to Writing an Extemporaneous Speech 
• 3. Extemporaneous Speech Topics
• 4. Extemporaneous Speech Examples
• 5. Common Mistakes to Avoid When Writing an Extemporaneous Speech
• 6. Tips for Improving Extemporaneous Speech Delivery

Understanding Extemporaneous Speech

Before we dive into the steps of speech writing , it's essential to understand what is meant by extemporaneous speech and why it matters.

An extemporaneous speech is when you deliver a speech without practicing beforehand. You have to rely on what you know and think quickly. 

An example of an extemporaneous speech situation is when a student is asked to give an impromptu talk on a current news headline in front of the class.

Comparing Impromptu and Extemporaneous Speech

The above definition might make you think that impromptu and extemporaneous speech sound similar. But that is not the case. 

Let’s take a look at the key difference between the two speech types:

• Impromptu speeches do not allow preparation for the speech and they often lack structure and familiarity. 
• On the other hand, extemporaneous speeches require a little preparation time, some organization, and familiar topics.

Let’s take a look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of extemporaneous speech. 

Advantages of Extemporaneous Speech 

• Enhanced Communication Skills: Improves public speaking, listening, and interpersonal communication skills.
• Confidence Boost: Regular practice instills self-assurance in various speaking situations.
• Adaptability: Speakers learn to tailor their message to the interests and concerns of different audiences. 
• Quick Thinking: Extemporaneous speaking sharpens the ability to think quickly and make decisions on the spot.

Disadvantages of Extemporaneous Speech

• Lack of Preparation: Speakers may deliver incomplete or less coherent presentations due to limited preparation.
• Potential for Inaccuracy: The absence of time for thorough research can lead to providing inaccurate information.
• Nervousness: The pressure of impromptu speaking can lead to anxiety and reduced confidence.
• Time Constraints: Speakers must manage their time effectively to stay within the allotted timeframes, adding to the pressure.

7 Easy Steps to Writing an Extemporaneous Speech 

Let’s take a look at some easy steps to writing an extemporaneous speech that you can follow along:

Step 1 - Research and Gather Information

To write a compelling extemporaneous speech, you must gather relevant information quickly. This step includes:

• Identifying the Topic or Prompt: Understand the subject or question you'll be speaking about.
• Finding Reliable Sources: Utilize trustworthy resources to gather facts, statistics, and arguments.

Step 2 - Create an Extemporaneous Speech Outline

An outline will give you a basic blueprint of the speech and can even help you weed out any potential mistakes in the structure or format of the speech . 

Though the outline can vary depending on the type of speech you are writing, here is a basic outline you can follow:

• Introduction: Engage your audience with a captivating start, state your main point, and clarify why your topic matters.
• Body Paragraphs: 
• Main Point 1: Add supporting details, present your first key idea, and back it up with evidence.
• Main Point 2: Introduces the second key idea, providing supporting evidence.
• Main Point 3: Add an optional third key idea with supporting details.
• Navigating the Conclusion: Recap your main arguments and leave a lasting impression.

Step 3 - Crafting a Strong Introduction 

It is crucial to capture your audience's attention in the introduction and set the tone for your message. 

Here is what you need to keep in mind when writing a speech introduction ;

• Use an attention-grabbing technique to engage your listeners.
• Formulate a clear and concise thesis statement that clearly states the main point of your speech.
• Establishing Significance: Explain why the topic is relevant or important.

Step 4 - Developing Compelling Main Points

The main body of your speech should convey your message effectively and coherently. Here are the things you should keep in mind;

• Identify key ideas and supporting details to determine the main arguments. If possible, try to gather and mention any evidence to back up your arguments. 
• Make sure that your speech flows logically and smoothly.
• Use real-life examples, personal stories, and relevant statistics to make your points more compelling and understandable.

Step 5 - Engaging the Audience

Engaging your audience is essential for an effective extemporaneous speech. You can achieve that by maintaining your body language to establish a connection with your listeners.

You should also develop the audience's interests by tailoring your speech to address their concerns and interests.

Step 6 - Handling Transitions

Transitions are essential for keeping your speech coherent and organized. This step includes:

• Make sure your ideas flow seamlessly in the speech, creating a natural progression.
• Use words and phrases that act as guideposts for your audience through your speech.
• Avoid sudden changes in the topic that could leave your listeners confused.

Step 7 - Navigating the Conclusion

Concluding your speech effectively leaves a lasting impression. Here is what you should keep in mind when writing:

• Recap key points to ensure your audience leaves with a clear understanding of your main arguments. 
• Make your message resonate with your listeners by delivering a powerful closing statement.
• Invite questions or comments from your audience to engage them. 

Extemporaneous Speech Topics

Here are some topics for extemporaneous speech that can be used for practice or in various speaking situations:

• The impact of social media on society.
• Climate change: What can individuals do to make a difference?
• The benefits of reading in the digital age.
• The role of artificial intelligence in the workplace.
• Should standardized testing be eliminated in education?
• The challenges of maintaining work-life balance in a fast-paced world.
• The importance of mental health awareness.
• The future of renewable energy sources.
• The effects of globalization on local cultures.
• Is social media a force for good or harm?
• Exploring the pros and cons of remote work.
• The significance of cultural diversity in a globalized world.
• The ethics of genetic engineering and designer babies.
• The impact of the gig economy on job security.
• The role of women in leadership positions.
• The effects of video games on children's behavior.
• The benefits and drawbacks of online education.
• The impact of fast fashion on the environment.
• The role of government in addressing income inequality.
• The ethics of animal testing in scientific research.

Be sure to check out more speech topics to select the one that stands out to you the most.

Extemporaneous Speech Examples

Let’s take a look at an example of an extemporaneous speech situation:

The above example of extemporaneous speech addresses the topic of the impact of social media on modern society. It provides a well-structured, balanced, and informative discussion of the subject while maintaining a clear and engaging delivery style.

Here are some more examples to let you have a better understanding of how to write a speech;

Extemporaneous Speech Example

Extemporaneous Speech Example for Students

Extemporaneous Speech Example About Life

Extemporaneous Speech Example About Education

Be sure to check out more speech examples to have a better understanding of structuring and formatting a speech. 

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Writing an Extemporaneous Speech

Here are some common mistakes you should avoid when delivering extemporaneous speeches:

• Lacking Clarity: Deliver your message clearly and concisely to prevent your audience from becoming perplexed.
• Overusing Fillers: Repeatedly using fillers like "um" or "uh" can be distracting; practice reducing these verbal crutches.
• Ignoring Time Constraints: Extemporaneous speeches are typically time-limited; going over your allotted time can disrupt the flow of the event.
• Monotone Delivery: A lack of vocal variety can make your speech less engaging; vary your tone, pitch, and pace to keep your audience's attention.
• Lack of Evidence: Backing your points with evidence is crucial; not providing examples, anecdotes, or data can weaken your arguments.
• Avoiding Controversial Topics: While it's wise to be cautious, completely avoiding controversial subjects can make your speeches less engaging. Instead, learn to navigate these topics with sensitivity and respect.

Tips for Improving Extemporaneous Speech Delivery

Here are some extemporaneous speech tips you can use to improve the delivery of your speech:

• Know Your Topic: Start by having a solid understanding of your topic. The more you know, the more confident you'll feel when speaking.
• Speak Clearly and Slowly: Pronounce your words clearly and speak at a moderate pace. Avoid rushing through your speech.
• Be Mindful of Fillers: Avoid using fillers such as "um," "uh," or "like." Practice eliminating these from your speech.
• Manage Nervousness: Nervousness is natural. Practice relaxation techniques, like deep breathing, before speaking to manage anxiety.
• Gestures and Body Language: Use appropriate gestures and body language to emphasize points and maintain audience interest.
• Eye Contact: Maintain eye contact with your audience. This creates a sense of connection and engagement.
• Vocal Variety: Vary your tone, pitch, and volume to keep your audience engaged. Avoid speaking in a monotone voice.

So there you have it!

Mastering the art of writing an extemporaneous speech is a valuable skill that can benefit you in various personal and professional situations. 

By following this step-by-step guide, practicing, and learning from your experiences, you can become a confident and effective extemporaneous speaker.

Don't miss the opportunity to improve your extemporaneous speaking skills. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be delivering impressive speeches on the spot with ease.

In case you're looking for someone to assist you, our custom essay writing online can help!

Our professional essay writers at MyPerfectWords.com are ready to partner with you to create an awesome public speaking experience.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. what is the purpose of an extemporaneous speech.

The main purpose of an extemporaneous speech is to help the speakers develop quick thinking skills. Since these speeches allow limited preparation time, the speaker has to think and organize his ideas quickly and on their feet.

2. What is the key characteristic of an extemporaneous speech?

The key characteristic of this kind of speech is that the speaker has to synthesize facts obtained from outside sources and mix them with his understanding and personal style to convey the message.

3. What are the advantages of extemporaneous speech?

The main advantages of this kind of speech include:

• The speaker is able to speak in a more conversational tone and style.
• Budding speakers learn how to think quickly and on their feet.

Besides, it also helps them maintain eye contact with the audience.

4. Is extemporaneous speech formal?

No, this kind of speech is usually informal as the speaker does not have time to memorize everything. However, the speaker is still being judged and, therefore, must follow a structure.

5. What is the difference between memorized and extemporaneous speech?

The extemporaneous speech is delivered with minimum preparation and with the help of note cards. A memorized speech is what it says, ‘memorized,’ and it is delivered without the help of cue cards.

6. Why is extemporaneous speech the best?

This kind of speech is considered the best because it allows the speakers to maintain eye contact with the audience. This includes both verbal and non-verbal communication, which is important in public speaking

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The big SlideLizard presentation glossary > Extemporaneous Speech

Extemporaneous Speech

Term explanation  •  category speeches.

Definition and meaning

An extemporaneous speech is a speech that involves little preparation, as the speaker may use notes or cards to give his talk. It is important that speakers will still use their own words and talk naturally. .

It is especially important for presentations to have a good structure. In our blog post we explain everything you need to know about this.

Other glossary terms

B2C means Business to Customer. A B2C event is hosted by a company for its customers. It's important for gaining new customers and for satisfieing regular clients.

Normal view (slide view)

The normal view or slide view is the main working window in your PowerPoint presentation. You can see the slides at their full size on screen.

Computer Based Training (CBT)

Computer Based Traing (CBT) means digital learning programs, which work without internet. Exercises can be downloaded over the internet or can be distributed via storage media like a USB stick or a CD.

Valedictory Speech

A valedictory speech is given in order to say goodbye, usually at graduation. It should inspire listeners and functions as a send-off into "real life".

The big SlideLizard presentation glossary

The SlideLizard presentation glossary is a large collection of explanations and definitions of terms in the area of presentations, communication, speaking, events, PowerPoint and education.

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PRDV008: Preparing and Delivering Presentations

Course introduction.

• Time: 22 hours
• Free Certificate

This course has two parts. First, we explore the elements of communication and what they mean. We study how to analyze an audience to develop a clear, appropriate, and effective presentation that informs, persuades, or entertains. We discuss how to deliver a presentation with expertise, organize presentation materials, offer relevant supporting evidence, and include references to establish credibility and authority. We will also explain how to tailor your speech for your audience with compelling presentation aids.

Next, we explore how to deliver an oral presentation that incorporates appropriate language and effective delivery techniques. We discuss how to use proper tone, volume, rate, and modulation of voice, body language, eye contact, and other forms of nonverbal communication. We also discuss how to present online and explore strategies for managing public speaking anxiety and planning for the unexpected.

Course Syllabus

First, read the course syllabus. Then, enroll in the course by clicking "Enroll me". Click Unit 1 to read its introduction and learning outcomes. You will then see the learning materials and instructions on how to use them.

Unit 1: The Elements of Communication

We begin by exploring several components of communication and the factors that set oral presentations apart from other forms of content delivery. Understanding how these elements work together will paint a picture of what happens when we give a presentation.

Scholars think about our communications as processes where senders and receivers interact. We exchange messages with each other simultaneously, and participants constantly adapt their message based on their interpretations of contextual stimuli. In other words, we communicate with other people at the same time that they communicate with us, and we modify what we say and do based on what we see or hear from others.

In this unit, we apply this one-to-one person communication model to public contexts. The interaction happens simultaneously, and the setting of a presentation will determine how each participant reacts.

Completing this unit should take you approximately 1 hour.

Unit 2: Analyze Your Audience

Audience analysis provides context and is the foundation for speaking effectively and appropriately to any audience. In this unit, we explore what audience analysis is, some methods for analyzing an audience, and how the language we choose affects our communication.

Completing this unit should take you approximately 2 hours.

Unit 3: Making Your Presentation Relevant

In this unit, we explore how to research and write the content to include in your presentation. First, you need to identify a topic. You will want to answer a few questions to determine whether the topic is right for you. Is it relevant to you? Is it relevant to your audience? Is it relevant to the time and place you will deliver your presentation?

Unit 4: Structuring Your Presentation

Now that you have a topic and have considered how to make it relevant to your audience, you need to choose the content for your presentation. Here, we will explore how to create an outline of your presentation to identify and clarify your central message with supporting points. We will also explore how to select an appropriate speech pattern to organize your presentation's main points.

Completing this unit should take you approximately 5 hours.

Unit 5: Providing Supporting Content

By now, you should have nearly completed the outline for your presentation based on what you already know and your preliminary research. In Unit 5, we take a deep dive into how to create appropriate supporting material for your presentation that will convince your audience that you are credible. Then, we examine the most widely-accepted ways to cite your sources.

Completing this unit should take you approximately 3 hours.

Unit 6: Creating Your Presentation Aids

Now that you have outlined the content you want to convey, you are ready to begin developing the materials you will use to support your presentation. Your presentation aids include everything from yourself (your clothing or a physical demonstration) to flip charts, handouts, models, illustrations, audio or video clips, and more common slideshow presentations like PowerPoint, Google Slides, or Prezi.

Your written and visual content should reinforce and enhance your spoken message by adding something beyond what you state directly. The key to designing successful presentation aids is to give your audience another way to access your content. The design should be simple and clear, and it should use space, color, fonts, and media in ways that help explain your message without being overwhelming or distracting.

Unit 7: Delivering Your Presentation

You know your audience, have researched your topic, outlined your presentation, and created your presentation aid. The next step is to give your presentation. In this unit, we explore how to incorporate the fundamentals of an oral presentation: tone, volume, rate, voice modulation, body language, eye contact, and other forms of nonverbal communication.

We begin this unit by watching some presenters with exceptional speaking skills to study their delivery style. Then we explore how you can use vocal and nonverbal communication techniques to improve a presentation.

Unit 8: Categories of Presentation Delivery

Scholars categorize four methods for delivering a message: impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript, and memorized. The event will usually determine the format you should use. As we discussed in the previous unit, your goal is to sound conversational regardless of the delivery method you use. After you study these descriptions, you will notice that this course focuses on extemporaneous and impromptu speeches.

Unit 9: Speaking to an Online Audience

You may be asked to deliver a presentation online, which can take on various forms. However, online presentations contain most, if not all, of the elements of presenting that we have studied so far. Your presentation aids should be the same regardless of the delivery method. You should incorporate the same elements of presentation style we have discussed throughout this course. The particular format of your delivery largely depends on the technology your audience has available.

In this unit, we examine some common online environments and technical guidelines you should follow to ensure a smooth and professional delivery online.

Unit 10: Using Your Presentation Aids

In unit 6, we discussed how to create or prepare your presentation aids. In this unit, we explore how to use them during your actual presentation. Using your presentation aids successfully involves revealing each slide when it is germane, integrating the material into your speech, concealing your presentation aid as soon as you finish discussing it, and moving on. Do not read your presentation aid verbatim. Be prepared if the technology fails. These rules apply to face-to-face and online presentations.

Unit 11: Overcoming Anxiety and Uncertainty

The unpredictable nature of live real-time presentations causes most of us to feel some apprehension before speaking in public. One factor in managing public speaking anxiety is becoming familiar with our responses (physical and psychological) to speaking in public and developing strategies for managing that anxiety. Another important part of managing public speaking anxiety is learning how to control the unexpected things that commonly occur. In this unit, we examine outside factors that affect presentations, such as the audience, question and answer sessions, the location and time, and last-minute changes. This way, we can develop contingency plans to respond appropriately.

Course Feedback Survey

Please take a few minutes to give us feedback about this course. We appreciate your feedback, whether you completed the whole course or even just a few resources. Your feedback will help us make our courses better, and we use your feedback each time we make updates to our courses.

If you come across any urgent problems, email [email protected].

Certificate Final Exam

Take this exam if you want to earn a free Course Completion Certificate.

To receive a free Course Completion Certificate, you will need to earn a grade of 70% or higher on this final exam. Your grade for the exam will be calculated as soon as you complete it. If you do not pass the exam on your first try, you can take it again as many times as you want, with a 7-day waiting period between each attempt.

Once you pass this final exam, you will be awarded a free Course Completion Certificate .

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How to Give an Impromptu Speech, with Examples

March 2, 2021 - Dom Barnard

An impromptu speech is when you’re asked to speak in public without prior notice. It can be one of the most terrifying speeches you’ll ever do; standing up in front of a crowd and having to speak for a few minutes without preparation is daunting, even for the most seasoned speakers.

It’s not likely to happen often, however when it does, you don’t want to be caught completely off-guard. Here are a few things to bear in mind if you’re asked to speak at short notice.

Impromptu speech definition

An impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation, yet almost always with some advance knowledge on the topic. This is sometimes referred to as “off the cuff” or “spur of the moment”.

For example, in class, a teacher may ask a student to give a short impromptu speech about a topic that was in the assigned readings. Business meetings may also start with everyone talking briefly about what they have done recently on the project.

In small informal meetings, the audience will interrupt an impromptu speech and ask questions, which helps guide the speech and the information that is presented.

When campaigning, politicians sometimes respond to reporters or voters almost anywhere and at any time.

Comedians are well known for their impromptu replies to hecklers, which are sometimes planned, but usually made up on the spot.

Tips on giving an impromptu speech

If you are about to make an impromptu speech and have a few minutes to prepare, follow these two tips:

1. Make some quick notes

The first thing you should do when asked to speak is to grab a pen and a piece of paper (or napkin – whatever you can find to write on). Jot down a few initial ideas, or even just a few words that you can expand upon during your speech.

If you don’t write anything else, make sure you’ve written down your  starting  and ending sentences, as these are the most important.

2. Decide on the tone

Next, think about what tone to speak in. This will depend on the type of event you’re at. For example, at a wedding, you would speak informally, and you can have fun with the speech, whereas at a business conference you would speak more formally and stick to a professional tone.

Impromptu speech frameworks

This is when it gets easy. Pick one of these frameworks to use as a structure for your impromptu speech, and you’ll instantly feel more prepared. They’re easy to remember, so you won’t have to write them down – instead write down keywords for each point.

1. The 5 Ws

Useful for when you’re speaking about a person or specific event

Following the 5 Ws provides instant structure to your speech, and you’ll be able to organise your thoughts in an easy-to-follow way. You don’t even need to change the order – starting with ‘who’ gives context to the speech and ending with ‘why’ leaves the audience with the most important, relatable point.

• Who  – who is involved in the event or who is attending
• What  – what event are you at and what are the common goals?
• Where  – where is the event, how did the initiative the event revolves around start?
• When  – is the timing of the event important? What does the future hold?
• Why  – why is everyone there? Why are  you  there?

For example, if you’re talking about a fundraising event, you could say who started the charity, what the goals are, where it is heading, when the event is happening, and why it’s important.

2. Diplomatic framework

Useful for formal occasions such as a business conference.

For this impromptu speech, start by talking about the advantages and disadvantages of the  subject topic , then end with a conclusion.

This will make your speech informative and enable you to talk for a longer period of time than the 5 Ws. It’s important not to be  afraid of silence  when using this framework.

Given that there is less room for creativity, you may find you need to pause to think about what you’re going to say next. While you think, you could walk up and down the stage slightly as if you are letting your last point settle, ask if there are any questions, or ask for a glass of water.

These techniques all buy you more time if your mind goes blank and save you (and your audience) from feeling awkward about a prolonged silence.

3. Storytelling

Useful for informal events such as weddings and book launches.

Storytelling is a powerful method of speaking and is an easy way of  connecting with the audience . When having to speak when you aren’t prepared, start off small, then medium, and end large. Basically, talk about the event from an individual perspective, then a group or national perspective, and end with the bigger picture.

For example, if you’re asked to give a  speech at a wedding , you could talk about when you met the couple and your experiences with them (small), what their relationship and marriage means to the rest of the wedding guests (medium), and end with the future of their relationship and their family legacy.

Practice impromptu speeches

Impromptu speeches, by their nature, are hard to practice for. You don’t know what the topic will be or the type of audience you’ll be facing. However, the more you practice, the better you’ll be when the impromptu situation arises.

We’ve designed an  impromptu speaking exercise  with the following:

• Speak about what’s on a random slide for 30 seconds each slide
• Feedback on your performance so you can identify areas that need improving
• Audio of the practice session is recorded so that you can listen back and self-evaluate your performance

You’ll practice quick thinking by talking about a series of random slides for 30 seconds each. You’ll be able to give speeches at short notice and answer questions more easily with this brain training.

Examples of an impromptu speech

Here are two examples of impromptu speeches. The videos skip the short preparation time and start when the speaker starts speaking.

Being able to deliver an impromptu speech is an important skill to have and will save you a lot of anxiety when you’re asked to speak at the last minute.

To prepare yourself for the unknown, try an  impromptu practice exercise  so that your brain is trained to think on the spot. Not only is this an effective way to learn, but it’s also fun!