essay on increasing population of india

Essay on Increasing Population in India

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100 Words Essay on Increasing Population in India

Introduction.

India, the second-most populous country in the world, is witnessing a rapid increase in population. This growth presents both opportunities and challenges.

Causes of Population Increase

The population boom in India is primarily due to high birth rates and improved healthcare. These factors have led to a decrease in mortality rates, resulting in population growth.

Implications of Population Growth

While a large population can provide a vast labor force, it also strains resources. Issues such as overcrowding, unemployment, and environmental degradation are rising.

It is crucial for India to manage its population growth effectively to ensure sustainable development and prosperity.

250 Words Essay on Increasing Population in India

The reality of population growth.

India, the second most populous country in the world, is grappling with the challenge of an accelerating population rate. The country’s population growth has been a topic of concern for many years due to its potential implications on socio-economic development.

Causes of Rapid Population Increase

The primary reasons for the rapid population growth in India are high fertility rates, declining mortality rates, and a young demographic. High fertility rates are a result of various factors such as lack of education, especially among women, and inadequate access to family planning services. The decrease in mortality rates, on the other hand, can be attributed to advancements in medical technology.

Implications of Overpopulation

The implications of overpopulation are multifaceted. Overpopulation can strain public services, leading to inadequate access to education, healthcare, and housing. It can also exacerbate environmental issues such as deforestation, pollution, and global warming.

Need for Population Control Measures

The need for population control measures in India is evident. These measures should be holistic, encompassing not only family planning initiatives but also efforts to improve education, particularly for women. Furthermore, the government should invest in healthcare infrastructure to ensure that the growing population can be adequately served.

In conclusion, while the increasing population in India presents certain challenges, with the right strategies and policies, it can be managed effectively. It requires a multi-pronged approach that addresses the root causes of overpopulation and fosters sustainable development.

500 Words Essay on Increasing Population in India

India, the second most populous country in the world, is grappling with a population explosion. With an estimated population of over 1.3 billion, the country is home to nearly 18% of the world’s population. This escalating population growth poses a myriad of challenges, including resource depletion, environmental degradation, and socio-economic disparities.

The Demographic Conundrum

The burgeoning population of India is primarily a result of high fertility rates and a decrease in mortality rates due to advancements in healthcare. Despite the implementation of family planning programs and policies, the country’s population growth rate remains considerably high. The cultural preference for larger families, particularly in rural areas, exacerbates the situation. The demographic transition model predicts that as a country develops, its birth and death rates should decrease. However, India’s demographic transition seems to be stuck in the third stage, with a high birth rate and a low death rate.

The implications of India’s population growth are far-reaching. The strain on resources is evident, with the demand for food, water, and energy outpacing supply. This could potentially lead to resource scarcity and environmental degradation. Moreover, the population explosion exacerbates socio-economic disparities, with the poor bearing the brunt of resource scarcity.

Population and Economic Development

Economically, a large population can be both an asset and a liability. On the one hand, a large population means a large labor force, which can potentially drive economic growth. On the other hand, if not managed properly, a large population can lead to unemployment and underemployment, hindering economic development. The concept of the ‘demographic dividend’ suggests that a large working-age population can spur economic growth if proper investments are made in education, health, and job creation. However, realizing this demographic dividend remains a challenge for India.

Policy Interventions

Addressing India’s population issue requires comprehensive policy interventions. Family planning programs need to be strengthened and made more accessible, particularly in rural areas. Education, especially female education, plays a crucial role in reducing fertility rates and should be prioritized. Furthermore, policies need to focus on creating jobs and improving the quality of jobs to leverage the demographic dividend.

The increasing population in India is a complex issue with various implications. While it presents challenges, it also provides opportunities for economic growth if managed effectively. Through comprehensive and inclusive policy interventions, India can turn its population challenge into an asset, driving sustainable and inclusive development. The onus lies with policymakers, civil society, and individuals to collectively address this issue and pave the way for a prosperous future.

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Key facts as india surpasses china as the world’s most populous country.

India is poised to become the world’s most populous country this year – surpassing China, which has held the distinction since at least 1950 , when the United Nations population records begin. The UN expects that India will overtake China in April , though it may have already reached this milestone since the UN estimates are projections.

Here are key facts about India’s population and its projected changes in the coming decades, based on Pew Research Center analyses of data from the UN and other sources.

This Pew Research Center analysis is primarily based on the World Population Prospects 2022 report by the United Nations. The estimates produced by the UN are based on “all available sources of data on population size and levels of fertility, mortality and international migration.”

Population sizes over time come from India’s decennial census. The census has collected detailed information on India’s inhabitants, including on religion, since 1881. Data on fertility and how it is related to factors like education levels and place of residence is from India’s National Family Health Survey (NFHS) . The NFHS is a large, nationally representative household survey with more extensive information about childbearing than the census. Data on migration is primarily from the United Nations Population Division .

Because future levels of fertility and mortality are inherently uncertain, the UN uses probabilistic methods to account for both the past experiences of a given country and the past experiences of other countries under similar conditions. The “medium scenario” projection is the median of many thousands of simulations. The “low” and “high” scenarios make different assumptions about fertility: In the high scenario, total fertility is 0.5 births above the total fertility in the medium scenario; in the low scenario, it is 0.5 births below the medium scenario.

Other sources of information for this analysis are available through the links included in the text.

India’s population has grown by more than 1 billion people since 1950, the year the UN population data begins. The exact size of the country’s population is not easily known, given that India has not conducted a census since 2011 , but it is estimated to have more than 1.4 billion people – greater than the entire population of Europe (744 million) or the Americas (1.04 billion). China, too, has more than 1.4 billion people, but while China’s population is declining , India’s continues to grow. Under the UN’s “ medium variant ” projection, a middle-of-the-road estimate, India’s population will surpass 1.5 billion people by the end of this decade and will continue to slowly increase until 2064, when it will peak at 1.7 billion people. In the UN’s “high variant” scenario – in which the total fertility rate in India is projected to be 0.5 births per woman above that of the medium variant scenario – the country’s population would surpass 2 billion people by 2068. The UN’s “low variant” scenario – in which the total fertility rate is projected to be 0.5 births below that of the medium variant scenario – forecasts that India’s population will decline beginning in 2047 and fall to 1 billion people by 2100.

People under the age of 25 account for more than 40% of India’s population. In fact, there are so many Indians in this age group that roughly one-in-five people globally who are under the age of 25 live in India. Looking at India’s age distribution another way, the country’s median age is 28. By comparison, the median age is 38 in the United States and 39 in China.

The other two most populous countries in the world, China and the U.S. , have rapidly aging populations – unlike India. Adults ages 65 and older comprise only 7% of India’s population as of this year, compared with 14% in China and 18% in the U.S., according to the UN. The share of Indians who are 65 and older is likely to remain under 20% until 2063 and will not approach 30% until 2100, under the UN’s medium variant projections.

The fertility rate in India is higher than in China and the U.S., but it has declined rapidly in recent decades . Today, the average Indian woman is expected to have 2.0 children in her lifetime, a fertility rate that is higher than China’s (1.2) or the United States’ (1.6), but much lower than India’s in 1992 (3.4) or 1950 (5.9). Every religious group in the country has seen its fertility rate fall, including the majority Hindu population and the Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist and Jain minority groups. Among Indian Muslims, for example, the total fertility rate has declined dramatically from 4.4 children per woman in 1992 to 2.4 children in 2019, the most recent year for which data is available from India’s National Family Health Survey (NFHS). Muslims still have the highest fertility rate among India’s major religious groups, but the gaps in childbearing among India’s religious groups are generally much smaller than they used to be.

Fertility rates vary widely by community type and state in India. On average, women in rural areas have 2.1 children in their lifetimes, while women in urban areas have 1.6 children, according to the 2019-21 NFHS . Both numbers are lower than they were 20 years ago, when rural and urban women had an average of 3.7 and 2.7 children, respectively.

Total fertility rates also vary greatly by state in India , from as high as 2.98 in Bihar and 2.91 in Meghalaya to as low as 1.05 in Sikkim and 1.3 in Goa. Likewise, population growth varies across states. The populations of Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh both increased by 25% or more between 2001 and 2011, when the last Indian census was conducted. By comparison, the populations of Goa and Kerala increased by less than 10% during that span, while the population in Nagaland shrank by 0.6%. These differences may be linked to uneven economic opportunities and quality of life .

On average, Indian women in urban areas have their first child 1.5 years later than women in rural areas. Among Indian women ages 25 to 49 who live in urban areas, the median age at first birth is 22.3. Among similarly aged women in rural areas, it is 20.8, according to the 2019 NFHS.

Women with more education and more wealth also generally have children at later ages. The median age at first birth is 24.9 among Indian women with 12 or more years of schooling, compared with 19.9 among women with no schooling. Similarly, the median age at first birth is 23.2 for Indian women in the highest wealth quintile, compared with 20.3 among women in the lowest quintile.

Among India’s major religious groups, the median age of first birth is highest among Jains at 24.9 and lowest among Muslims at 20.8.

India’s artificially wide ratio of baby boys to baby girls – which arose in the 1970s from the use of prenatal diagnostic technology to facilitate sex-selective abortions – is narrowing. From a large imbalance of about 111 boys per 100 girls in India’s 2011 census, the sex ratio at birth appears to have normalized slightly over the last decade. It narrowed to about 109 boys per 100 girls in the 2015-16 NFHS and to 108 boys per 100 girls in the 2019-21 NFHS.

To put this recent decline into perspective, the average annual number of baby girls “missing” in India fell from about 480,000 in 2010 to 410,000 in 2019, according to a Pew Research Center study published in 2022 . (Read more about how this “missing” population share is defined and calculated in the “How did we count ‘missing’ girls?” box of the report.) And while India’s major religious groups once varied widely in their sex ratios at birth, today there are indications that these differences are shrinking.

Infant mortality in India has decreased 70% in the past three decades but remains high by regional and international standards. There were 89 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990, a figure that fell to 27 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2020. Since 1960, when the UN Interagency Group for Child Mortality Estimation began compiling this data, the rate of infant deaths in India has dropped between 0.1% and 0.5% each year.

Still, India’s infant mortality rate is higher than those of neighboring Bangladesh (24 deaths per 1,000 live births), Nepal (24), Bhutan (23) and Sri Lanka (6) – and much higher than those of its closest peers in population size, China (6) and the U.S. (5).

Typically, more people migrate out of India each year than into it, resulting in negative net migration. India lost about 300,000 people due to migration in 2021, according to the UN Population Division . The UN’s medium variant projections suggest India will continue to experience net negative migration through at least 2100.

But India’s net migration has not always been negative. As recently as 2016, India gained an estimated 68,000 people due to migration (likely to be a result of an increase in asylum-seeking Rohingya fleeing Myanmar). India also recorded increases in net migration on several occasions in the second half of the 20th century.

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About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts .

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What India Becoming the World's Most Populous Country Means

Photo: INDRANIL MUKHERJEE/AFP/Getty Images

Commentary by Jennifer Dabbs Sciubba

Published April 28, 2023

Continued population growth in India and depopulation in China mean that   India is now assuming the throne   as the world’s most populous country. From population size alone, not much can be inferred about India’s future, but a deeper dive into its demographic dynamics shows that the country’s leaders need to move quickly to make the most of their favorable age structure and maximize the country’s opportunity for accelerated economic growth.

Today, India’s population of 1.428 billion is nearly four times larger than the 361 million counted just after Partition in  the 1951 census . That’s the India most people know, the “population bomb” biologist Paul Ehrlich described in his famous (and problematic) tome about overpopulation after he visited India in the mid-1960s. Despite its overall growth, India’s population dynamics today are little like those Ehrlich described. The average number of children per woman was nearly 6 in the 1960s, but today the average is only 2, which is considered below replacement level (UN demographers put   India’s replacement level   at 2.19). That average masks some internal differences, but   only five Indian states  have a fertility rate above 2, and the highest is Bihar at just under 3. 

India’s rapid fertility decline is emblematic of the   global trend . As of 2022, half of the world's countries had below-replacement fertility rates; in 2000, just over one-third did.

India’s population will keep growing, but its age composition is shifting.

Decades of below-replacement fertility will set any country on the path toward shrinking, barring a large volume of immigration. China’s population has already begun to shrink but even with low fertility, India’s population grows by one million each month and it will be after mid-century before India begins to depopulate. That is because much of India’s growth is baked in from the past and driven by “population momentum,” which is the tendency of a population to keep growing even if fertility falls because the size of childbearing cohorts is relatively larger from when fertility was higher (more potential mothers). In fact, India’s population is so large that it will drive much of the expected increase in global population between now and mid-century. When the world hits 9 billion sometime around 2037, 1.6 billion people will be Indian.

But the   age structure   of India’s population is drastically changing. The India of 25 years from now is fairly certain. India’s median age will be about 33–34 years, up from 28 years today and 21 years in 1998. That’s an increase of 12 years over a 50-year timespan, and just a shade behind increases in the global median age. The people who will give birth between now and 2048 are already born and there is a good sense of their reproductive tendencies (Indian women   say they want about 1.6 children   on average, so fertility will likely continue to trend downward). Given the size of those childbearing cohorts, plus modest life expectancy increases so that there will be more older people in India, India’s population will add only 230 million over the next 25 years. This is significant, but India has added 430 million over the last 25 years, from a population of 1 billion in 1997. As we see from the following figures, India’s age structure is becoming “stovepiped” when viewed from a 50-year time span, similar to the age structure of world population as a whole. India will stay relatively young for a while, but the number of young people aging into India’s workforce peaked a few years ago. This may make future job creation easier.

India’s demographic dividend is not guaranteed.

With that demographic profile, India has the conditions to reap a   demographic dividend —a boost in economic growth from higher proportions of people of working age—if the right government policies are in place, such as investments in human capital. As in China, India’s leaders saw slower population growth as a prerequisite for economic development. Unlike China, however, India has not made the same investments in human capital in order to achieve those goals. Literacy, particularly for women, and   education   trail and the country needs to step up investments in health, as shown by its   high infant mortality rate . Altogether, this means India needs to make serious investments if it is to maximize a demographic dividend.

And India needs to hurry. Western states saw fertility decline because of economic development; India’s declines came from family planning programs. That means the pace of demographic change has been faster, and the window of opportunity in which India has to reap its demographic dividend is shorter. It will have taken 75 years for the 60-plus population to grow from 15 percent to 30 percent in Western Europe. The same shift will take India only 34 years.

India is still relatively rural, although Indian cities are steadily growing. Delhi has been one of the world’s fastest growing cities, but on the whole India’s urbanization has lagged compared to what is expected given India’s global prominence. The   United Nations places   India’s urbanization at only 33 percent—China’s urbanization, in contrast, is 65 percent. Urbanization has historically been a key indicator of economic potential because it concentrates services, ideas, and jobs, so India’s low urbanization places a ceiling on their economic growth. Using recent urban data,  one spatial modeling study  projected five key Indian cities to grow an average of 1.5 to 2 times in the next decade. India’s  National Commission on Population  expects to reach over 38 percent by the middle of next decade, but that is still quite low. So, India has high urban growth potential, but is far behind the curve.

There are really two Indias.

Due to differences in   fertility rates   and emigration rates between the north and south, India is both a young country and an aging one, a microcosm of the global demographic divide. India’s northern states struggle more with poor health and illiteracy, while in the south, Kerala is already finding it difficult to   staff assisted living homes   for the elderly. It is tough to set policy priorities when the county has to address two very different population issues at the same time.

There is also the India for men and the India for women. According to the   World Bank , just 23 percent of Indian women perform paid work, compared with 37 percent in Bangladesh and 63 percent of women in China. In India, much of this work is in the informal economy, which puts women at greater risk for financial insecurity in old age. Indian   women enroll in higher education   at higher rates than Indian men but India’s economy remains male-dominated. For India to maximize economic growth, they need better alignment between skills and jobs.

Population dynamics will be central for India’s future.

India’s population dynamics lay the groundwork for its future, but there is no guarantee that slower growth and a higher median age will translate to strong economic growth. Likewise, there is no guarantee that slower growth will lead to a cleaner, more sustainable environment. If all goes as planned, the 1.4 billion and counting people in India will see rising standards of living over the coming decades. That means affordable and realistic options for consumption in India are imperative, and India can model this greener path for the younger and dynamic economies in Africa, like Ethiopia’s, which will be following them on this demographic path. Environmental goals can support economic goals, too, if they include investments in   green labor markets and industries .

Jennifer D. Sciubba is senior associate (non-resident) with the Project on Fragility and Mobility at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., and a Scholar at the Wilson Center. She is the author of 8 Billion and Counting: How Sex, Death, and Migration Shape Our World.

Commentary is produced by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), a private, tax-exempt institution focusing on international public policy issues. Its research is nonpartisan and nonproprietary. CSIS does not take specific policy positions. Accordingly, all views, positions, and conclusions expressed in this publication should be understood to be solely those of the author(s).

© 2024 by the Center for Strategic and International Studies. All rights reserved.

Jennifer Dabbs Sciubba

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Home Essay Examples Sociology Population Growth

Population Growth Of India

• Category Sociology
• Subcategory Human Populations
• Topic Population Growth

A transcending generation has imposed many growth and changes in terms of human numbers and their increasing attributes. Through improving studies and human intellects to cover various fields of social, economic, and cultural factors, in support of this doctrine, geography can be referred to as has been always focusing on the physical environment and its effects on humans. Today, the growth of the population is considered important in terms of resource management, infrastructural development, and in determining to solve modern problems. Because of this, population growth studies of India have been done, focused on by analyzing, comparing, and compiling various literature and statistics on inter-state demographic data from the past to the present.

India, initial days of evolution under conditions of high mortality due to famines, accidents, illness, infections, and war, when relatively high levels of fertility were essential for species survival. Over years better-equipped facilities in dealing with diseases and unexpected nature, it has witnessed a significant increase in life expectancy along with a steep fall in mortality. Confronted with Malthusian growth, changing social mores and stimulated by government interventions, the population did respond to steps to reduce fertility, but it continued to increase in number of women in reproductive age has led to a high number of births each year Consequently, the seven billion people in the world, India along with China already occupies a place in the Billionaire club and is likely to overtake China by 2025.

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As per UN estimates, The population of the World grew at an annual rate of 1.23 percent during 2000-2010 with developing countries like India registering a higher worth rate. The population of developed countries like Japan & the USA grew at a slower pace with Russia even witnessing a population decline. China registered a much lower growth rate (third lowest in top ten most populous countries behind Russia & Japan, in fact much lower than the USA). It is now estimated that India will overtake China as the most populous country by 2025-30 even though the growth rate has slowed down even in the case of India. The decadal growth rate in the case of India was 17.7 % compared to 21.5 % in the previous decade.

Based on the history of all the developed countries, it can be found out that human capital is a foremost component of human capital growth. This can be basically said from the fact that resources essential for economic growth are driven by the accessibility of human capital.

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• Population Growth Essay

Essay on Population Growth

One of the major problems the world is facing is the problem of the exponential growth of the population. This problem is the greatest one. Most countries in the world are showing a steep rise in population figures. The world’s resources are limited and so they cannot support a population beyond a certain limit. There has been news about the scarcity of food grains and the paucity of jobs mounting across the world. The number of human beings is multiplying at a steady rate. The world population has already crossed the six billion mark and it is expected to double in the next three or four decades. 

If the population continues to grow at this rate then the economy of the overpopulated countries will be unable to cope up with the growth of the population. Every attempt to bring peace, comfort and welfare to everybody’s door will be thwarted and misery will become prominent if the population is not kept within proper limits. Except for a few countries, all countries are facing a population boom. Currently, the largest populated country in the world is China and India is the second-largest populated country. India represents 17% of the world’s population. Other countries like Bangladesh, Japan, Indonesia and some countries of Europe are threatened to be burst into the seams by population explosion.

Causes of Population Growth

The major cause of population growth is the decrease in death rate and rise in the life span of the average individual. Earlier, there was a balance between the birth and death rate due to limited medical facilities, people dying in wars, and other calamities. The rapid spread of education has made people health conscious. People have become aware of the basic causes of diseases and simple remedies for them.

Illiteracy is another cause of an increase in population. Low literacy rate leads to traditional, superstitious, and ignorant people. Educated people are well aware of birth control methods. 

Family planning, welfare programs, and policies have not fetched the desired result. The increase in population is putting tremendous pressure on the limited infrastructure and negating the progress of any country.

The superstitious people mainly from rural places think that having a male child would give them prosperity and so there is considerable pressure on the parents to produce children till a male child is born. This leads to population growth in underdeveloped countries like India, Bangladesh. 

Poverty is another main reason for this. Poor people believe that the more people in the family, the more will be the number of persons to earn bread. Hence it contributes to the increase in population. 

Continuous illegal migration of people from neighbouring countries leads to a rise in the population density in the countries. 

Religion sentiment is another cause of the population explosion. Some orthodox communities believe that any mandate or statutory method of prohibition is sacrilegious. 

Impact Due to Population 

The growth of the population has a major impact on the living standards of people. Overpopulation across the world may create more demand for freshwater supply and this has become a major issue because Earth has only 3% of freshwater. 

The natural resources of Earth are getting depleted because of the exponential growth of the population. These resources cannot be replenished so easily. If there is no check on the growth of population then there will be a day in the next few years when these natural resources will run out completely. 

There is a huge impact on the climatic conditions because of the growth of the population. Human activities are responsible for changing global temperature. 

Impact of Overpopulation on Earth’s Environment

The Earth's current population is almost 7.6 billion people, and it is expanding. It is expected to surpass 8 billion people by 2025, 9 billion by 2040, and 11 billion by 2100. The population is quickly increasing, far surpassing our planet's ability to maintain it, given existing habits.

Overpopulation is linked to a variety of detrimental environmental and economic consequences, including over-farming, deforestation, and water pollution, as well as eutrophication and global warming. Although many incredible things are being done to increase human sustainability on our planet, the problem of too many people has made long-term solutions more difficult to come across.

Overpopulation is mostly due to trends that began with a rise in birth rates in the mid-twentieth century. Migration can also result in overcrowding in certain areas. Surprisingly, an area's overcrowding may arise without a net increase in population. It can happen when a population with an export-oriented economy outgrows its carrying capacity and migratory patterns remain stable. "Demographic entrapment" has been coined to describe this situation.

Some Major Effects of the High Population are as Follows

The rapid growth of the population has caused major effects on our planet. 

The rapidly growing population in the world has led to the problem of food scarcity and heavy pressure on land resources. 

Generating employment opportunities in vastly populated countries is very difficult. 

The development of infrastructural facilities is not able to cope up with the pace of a growing population. So facilities like transportation, communication, housing, education, and healthcare are becoming inadequate to provide provision to the people. 

The increasing population leads to unequal distribution of income and inequalities among the people widened.

There will be a large proportion of unproductive consumers due to overpopulation. 

Economic development is bound to be slower in developing countries in which the population is growing at a very fast rate. This also leads to low capital formation. Overpopulation makes it difficult to implement policies. 

When there is rapid growth in a country then the government of that country is required to provide the minimum facilities for the people for their comfortable living. Hence, it has to increase housing, education, public health, communication and other facilities that will increase the cost of the social overheads.

Rapid population growth is also an indication of the wastage of natural resources. 

Preventive Measures

To tackle this problem, the government of developing countries needs to take corrective measures. The entire development of the country depends on how effectively the population explosion is stemmed. 

The government and various NGOs should raise awareness about family planning and welfare. Awareness about the use of contraceptive pills and family planning methods should be generated. 

The health care centres in developing and under-developed countries should help the poor people with the free distribution of contraceptives and encourage the control of the number of children. 

The governments of developing countries should come forward to empower women and improve the status of women and girls. People in rural places should be educated and modern amenities should be provided for recreation. 

Education plays a major role in controlling the population. People from developing countries should be educated so that they understand the implications of overpopulation.

Short Summarised Points On Population Growth

Based on the number of deaths and births, population growth might be positive or negative. 

If a country's birth rate outnumbers its death rate, the population grows, whereas more ends result in a drop.

There are 7.7 billion people on the earth, and India, with 1.3 billion people, is the second-most populous country after China.

Mumbai, the Bollywood capital, is India's most populous city, with a population of 12 billion people. Delhi, India's most populous city, comes in second with 11 billion inhabitants.

The advancement of knowledge in science, medicine, and technology has resulted in lower mortality and higher fertility, resulting in population rise.

Factors contributing to India's population expansion, such as mortality and fertility rates, child marriage, a lack of family planning, polygamy marriage, and so on, have wreaked havoc on the ecosystem.

Industrialization, deforestation, urbanisation, and unemployment have all been exacerbated by population expansion. These causes degrade our environment and contribute to societal health issues.

Pollution, global warming, climate change, natural catastrophes, and, most importantly, unemployment are all caused by the population.

To keep population increase under control, individuals must have access to education and be aware of the dangers of overpopulation.

The government must raise public awareness about illiteracy and educate individuals about the need for birth control and family planning.

Overpopulation may lead to many issues like depletion of natural resources, environmental pollution and degradation and loss of surroundings.  All countries must take immediate steps to control and manage human population growth.

FAQs on Population Growth Essay

1. What Do You Mean By Population Growth and How is it a Threat to the World?

Population growth refers to the rapid increase in the number of people in an area. It is a threat to the world because the world’s resources are limited and it cannot support a population beyond a certain limit.

2. What are the factors of Population Exponential Growth?

The factors for the exponential growth of the population are illegal migration from other countries, illiteracy, lack of awareness of contraceptive methods, poverty, lack of basic amenities, religious sentiments and superstitions. 

3. What steps should India take to reign in population growth?

Family planning and welfare must be made more widely known by the Indian government. Women and girls should be given more power. Free contraceptives should be distributed and people should be educated at health care centres. In schools and colleges, sex education should be required. Some more points to ponder are given below:

1. Social Actions

The minimum age for marriage is 18 years old.

Increasing women's status

Adoption of Social Security and the Spread of Education

2. Economic Interventions

Increased job opportunities

Providing financial incentives

3. Additional Measures

Medical Services

Legislative Initiatives

Recreational Resources

Increasing public awareness

4. What Impact Does Overpopulation Have on Our Planet?

Overpopulation is linked to a variety of detrimental environmental and economic consequences, including over-farming, deforestation, and water pollution, as well as eutrophication and global warming. Although many incredible things are being done to increase human sustainability on our planet, the problem of too many people has made long-term solutions more difficult to come across. Because of the exponential rise of the human population, the Earth's natural resources are depleting. Overpopulation has a significant impact on climatic conditions. The fluctuating global temperature is due to human activity.

5. What are the impacts on the population?

The influence of population expansion on people's living conditions is significant. Overpopulation around the world may increase demand for freshwater, which has become a big issue given that the Earth only possesses 3% freshwater. Because of the exponential rise of the human population, the Earth's natural resources are depleting. These materials are not easily replenished. If population growth is not slowed, these natural resources will run out altogether in the next several years. The population explosion has had a significant impact on climatic conditions. The fluctuating global temperature is due to global warming and needs to be regulated immediately as glaciers have already started melting and global temperature is rising at an alarming rate.

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Why India’s growing population is an asset to its economy

A large youth population in a consumer-driven economy will be a factor in driving growth.

With a population of more than 1.4 billion, India is expected to surpass China in the coming months to become the world’s most populous nation. Reuters

India is likely to become the world’s most populous nation this year, which presents an enormous opportunity for the country's economic growth — provided it can harness the potential of its large workforce , analysts say.

“The country will enjoy an abundant supply of labour and, consequently, should invite even more investments from foreign firms looking to cash-in on India’s growing manufacturing capabilities,” says Raghvendra Nath, managing director of Mumbai-based Ladderup Wealth Management.

“Additionally, rising domestic consumption should help the nation tide over any external shocks, a fact that was well demonstrated during the Covid-19 pandemic.”

With a population of more than 1.4 billion, India is expected to surpass China in the coming months.

S&P Global forecasts that the South Asian country will overtake Germany and Japan to become the world’s third-largest economy by 2030, with annual nominal gross domestic product growth projected to average 6.3 per cent.

Although India is feeling the heat from the global economic slowdown , its GDP is projected by the country’s statistics ministry to grow by 7 per cent in the current financial year to the end of March, making it one of the world’s fastest-growing economies.

Its population in a consumer-driven economy and having what is known as its “demographic dividend” — a large number of young people — will be a major factor in driving its expansion.

In many developed countries workforces are ageing rapidly as population growth slows globally.

The median age in India is 28.4 years, according to Worldometer. That compares to 38.3 years in the US, 38.4 years in China, and 40.5 years in the UK.

“For India, the main advantage of the young working-age population is that young people adapt fast and can keep pace with the continuing dramatic and constant technological change,” says Vidya Mahambare, professor of economics at the Great Lakes Institute of Management in Chennai.

Saket Gaurav, chairman and managing director of Indian electronics and home appliances brand Elista, says that “India’s large population is one of the most significant opportunities for domestic and international companies.”

It’s “a great growth opportunity for various companies, and especially, for value-driven companies like ours”.

“As a large set of people can produce and consume more goods, it is expected to lead to more economic growth for the country,” says Mr Gaurav. “We consider India’s population as an asset for the business rather than a liability.”

But there is still much work to be done to ensure that India can fully reap the rewards of its large population. Jobs need to be created for the millions of Indians who are joining the workforce each year — and youth need to have the right skills to fill those roles.

The fact that unemployment is on the rise in India is a red flag. Unemployment rose to 8.30 per cent in December, which was its highest level in 16 months, according to data from think tank Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy.

“The drop in labour force participation, along with a high level of unemployment among youth, suggests insufficient job opportunities and skill mismatch,” says Ms Mahambare.

Prime minister Narendra Modi’s government is making efforts to expand the country’s economy and create jobs, for example, through its flagship scheme Make in India, which aims to transform the county into a manufacturing centre.

“India is pushing hard to increase manufacturing growth and exports,” says Ms Mahambare.

“The production-linked incentive scheme and other schemes under the Make in India campaign have attracted large-scale electronics, auto components and textile firms, among others. The information technology and emerging biotech and pharma sectors continue to hold good promise.”

At the same time, the government’s Skill India initiative is focused on ensuring that youth are better equipped to meet the needs of companies through measures such as training and partnerships with countries including Japan to co-operate on skill development initiatives.

Only 5 per cent of India’s workforce is formally skilled, despite it being the largest and youngest in the world, according to the World Economic Forum.

“Labour alone cannot take our economy to the next level,” says Poshak Agrawal, co-founder of Athena Education, which helps students to gain admission to highly rated universities through coaching.

“Despite the large population, the country lacks the workforce that is skilled to take up the newly evolved roles,” Mr Agrawal says.

“Recruitment becomes a challenge for various organisations because in Indian colleges, the education is more theory-centric, and there’s a lack of experiential learning.”

Ensuring that people have the right skills can play a major role in preventing millions of people sliding deeper into poverty, which is an issue that authorities are trying to address.

“I think the policymakers have been gearing towards easing of those challenges to quite an extent,” says Upasna Bhardwaj, senior economist at Mumbai’s Kotak Mahindra Bank.

“If you look at India’s per capita income, it clearly is on the lower side, and that needs to be ramped up.”

India’s GDP per capita in 2021 stood at $2,256, according to the World Bank.

But there are also encouraging signs from the “policy push that we’re seeing … we look at the government’s push towards digitisation, we look at government’s push towards improvising the manufacturing base of the country,” says Ms Bhardwaj.

However, such moves will not yield results overnight, she says.

India’s wealth inequality is a clear challenge and is a situation that could be exacerbated as the country’s population continues to grow. In the financial capital of Mumbai, high-rise luxury flats and expensive restaurants sit alongside slums, with families of some 10 people often crammed into rickety, single-room homes.

Wealth inequality has grown in India in recent decades, and the top 10 per cent of the population hold more than 60 per cent of the country’s total wealth, figures from the World Inequality Database show. The lower 50 per cent of India have just 6 per cent of the nation’s wealth.

“One of the biggest drawbacks of having a growing population is its negative impact on the per capita income and its growth,” says Mr Nath.

“Efforts will have to be made to uplift the weaker sections of the Indian society by improving literacy rates, providing access to quality health care and ensuring that they have easy access to financial services.”

He says that “if these measures fall short of the required levels, we could have a widening wealth gap that could threaten India’s growth story, reducing the country’s chances of becoming the third-largest economy by 2030”.

“Although [having 1.4 billion people] is beneficial for the nation’s economic growth, harnessing its full potential is a significant challenge,” says Rashid Ali, managing director of digital payments solutions company Ezeepay.

However, overall, the large population is an enormous opportunity for businesses like Ezeepay, which is focused on rural areas of India, where the majority of the country’s citizens still live, he adds.

“India’s large population provides many opportunities for businesses to capitalise on, given its vast consumer base. The rural youth population accounts for more than 65 per cent of the total population,” Mr Ali says. In turn, “we have actively generated employment opportunities, especially for the rural population”.

“The anticipated population bulge has produced a demographic dividend, providing an unprecedented chance for economic development,” he adds.

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Essay on Population Problem in India for Students and Children

In this article, your will read an essay on population problem in India for students and children in 1000 words. This include causes, control and how it affects economic development.

Table of Contents

Essay on Population Problem in India

The second-largest populated country in the world with the total population estimated at present is more than 135 crores in India.

Whereas China, with about 20 percent of the world’s population, has about 7 percent of the land areas, India has got only 2.4 percent of the total land areas to feed about 16 percent of the total population of the world.

Demographers of the planet have suggested different measures to stop the expansion of the population. Among these measures, economic development is considered an efficient method of social control.

“ Development is that the best contraceptive ” was the slogan raised by the planet Population Conference held in 1974 in Bucharest.

Many European countries have contained the expansion of their population through economic development. In India, however, things are different. The European model of economic growth to regulate the population can’t employ in India.

It can’t be a practical and efficient way of social control. While within the western countries, the population increased at a slow pace without disturbing the equilibrium between the natural resources and population.

In India, it’s registered a high rate of growth and it has retarded the method of the economic process.

Similarly, the western countries took an undue while to bring the death rate to a coffee level. In India, there has been a sharp decline within the death rate.

High birth rate and rapid fall within the death rate have led to a sudden population explosion and, thus, retarded economic development.

According to an International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Study, ‘Developing countries are like long-distance runners’.

In their race against the clock to eliminate poverty , the rapid increase is a further burden, which, no matter their inherent strengths, slows them down.”

In India, the primary and foremost problem is the way to achieve economic development before formulating a technique for social control.

Population in India and Economic Development

Economists, demographers, and scientists hold different viewpoints as regards the connection between population and economic process.

While a number of the thinkers hold the view that population is an engine of economic development and it promotes economic growth, others opine that population retards it.

The protagonists of the expansion economics believe that the population is a crucial determinant of the industrial process.

They treat the population as ‘human capital’ which helps within the proper exploitation of natural resources, and thus raises the assembly potential of a rustic.

A large population, if it gets suitable job opportunities, can increase the extent of domestic output.

The population also creates demand for goods and services, which successively determines the dimensions of the market level of investment, production, and employment.

Prof. Nurkse believes that albeit with country suffers from the matter of disguised unemployment, it shouldn’t be an explanation for anxiety because the hidden labor force has concealed saving potential.

By shifting the hidden labor force to some construction activity, the concealed potential saving might be converted into real saving. Thus, the population stimulates the extent of capital formation, which may be a pre-condition to the economic process.

However, in the case of India, the situation is quite different.

Instead of promoting economic development, the population has retarded it as would be clear from the subsequent discussion:

The rising population has mostly offset the increase in the production of both industrial goods and agricultural goods; as a result, the per capita income is rising at a slow pace.

While the value during the last 45 years has increased at a mean annual rate of 4.2 percent, the per capita income has risen at the speed of two percent once a year.

I am a rising population result in a rise in consumption expenditure. An outsized part of the general public expenditure has got allocated for providing basic amenities of life and, therefore, minimal resources remain available for development projects.

As a consequence of the growing population, the pressure of population ashore is increasing. There has been a pointy decline within the landman ratio.

The per capita availability of the cultivable land, which was 0.89 hectares in 1950, came right down to 0.34 hectares in 1994-95. The dimensions of agricultural holdings have also decreased, and it’s adversely affected farm productivity.

The per capita availability of food decreases with the increase in the population. As against the minimum intake of food grains of 850-900 grams per individual per day, the supply of per capita food grains in India in 1997 was about 495 grams per day. In India, nearly 1 million children fall victim to malnutrition.

The rising population in India is the result of overcrowding, growth of slums, frequent traffic jams, and sanitary problems. A high rate of increase disturbs the ecological balance and thus adversely affects the environment .

Consistent with an estimate, by the top of this century, the country will need about 400 lakh new houses and repairs to about 190 lakh houses. The density of the population is predicted to rise from 274 per sq. Km in 1991 to 418 per sq. Km by 2,000 A.D.

The rising population worsens the unemployment problem. The mixture labor force in India predicted to rise from 213 million in 1921 to 1,000 million in 2000 A.D. it might be tough for the country to make employment opportunities for such an outsized force.

The amount of unemployed persons has gone up from 40 lakhs in 1951 to about 198 lakhs in January 1997. Increase, through increased consumption of energy resources , aggravates the energy crisis. If each family has got to use 40-watt electric bulbs, we shall need to put up new 259 MW power stations every three months.

As a consequence of the growing population, public services concerning health, education , transport, etc., are always under pressure; imbalanced distribution of population often causes political and social conflicts aside from riots.

A rapid increase in population during the post-Independence period accounted for by the above growth rates of the population.

Causes of Rapid Population Growth in India

Climatic factors.

India features a hot climate in which the girls get matured at an early age. Their re-productivity period starts typically from 14 years, leading to a more significant re-productivity span.

Social Factors

Marriage may be a universal phenomenon in India. Child marriage in rural India may be a rule instead of an exception.

Marriage at an early age lengthens the reproductive period of girls; the amount of girls within the reproductive age is considerable.

The amount of youngsters born per couple tends to extend when the couple is desirous of male progeny, which is taken into account a requirement consistent with customs.

The joint family system also provides a spurt to increase. In such an order, children aren’t the responsibility of the couple alone but the entire family.

Religious Factor

India is a country of many faiths and cultures. Some religions do not prefer and preach family planning. For example, according to Christianity, termination of pregnancy is a sin.

Even Mahatma Gandhi , who influenced the political scene of India for about four decades, did not agree to the idea of family planning. He considered it as an immoral act.

Measures adopted for population control in India

Urbanization.

Urbanization is typically related to low fertility. Urbanization changes the worth of life and, therefore, the outlook of the people. People living in crowded towns can quickly realize the norms and necessity of a small size family.

Expanding Basic Education

The enlightenment of girls is essential to lower the birthrate. Primary education makes it possible for both men and ladies and the acquisition of data of birth control.

It increases their exposure to mass media and printed material and enables them to find out about modern contraceptives and their use.

Incentives and Disincentives

Incentives within the sort of cash payments, promotions, housing, and other facilities might be offered to the acceptors of birth control programs; similarly, penalties often imposed on the oldsters having many children.

To sum up, social control is essential for accelerating the pace of economic development. The Western thinking that ‘development is that the best contraceptive’ is irrelevant in Indian conditions.

It’s only through propagation, adoption, and persuasion that we will check the expansion of India’s population.

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Essay on increase in population in india.

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India with a population of about 950 million (in 1997) accounts for 16 per cent of the world population, as compared to about 15 per cent a dec­ade and a half ago. It is the second largest country in the world, next only to China with a population of about 1200 million (in 1995). Five coun­tries (China with 21.7%, India with 16.0%, US with 5%, Brazil with 3.5% and Russia with 3%) account for nearly half (49.2%) of the world population.

The scale at which India’s population is increasing is simply mind- boggling. While the total population of our country in 1941 was 31.86 crore, it increased to 36.10 crore in 1951, 43.92 crore in 1961, 54.81 crore in 1971, 68.33 crore in 1981, and 84.43 crore in 1991 (India, 1992:9). It is expected to reach 103 crore by 2,001, 126 crore by 2016 and 140 crore by 2,030 according to estimates of the Registrar General as well as according to a World Bank study.

While between 1921 and 1951 the percentage of increase was 43.65, between 1961 and 1991 it was 92.2. The addition of 16 crore people in the 1981-91 decade means an addition of little less than 2 crore persons every year, or about 17 lakh persons every month, or about 74 thousand persons every day, or about 52 persons every minute. In comparison to this, the increase in number of persons per minute was 21 in the 1961-71 decade, 15 in the 1951-61 decade, and 8 in the 1941-51 decade. The essence of the date is that whereas the rate of growth of population during the middle decades of the present century was moderate, now it is faster as well as alarming.

The disaster of galloping population in India is that:

1. Every sixth person on the globe today is an Indian, and by the turn of the century, every fifth living person will be an Indian.

2. India adds about 10 lakh persons to its population every fortnight.

3. Addition to India’s population is an equivalent of a Chandigarh a week, two Bhopal a month, and an Australia every eight months. During 1981-91, addition to the population was to the tune of 113 million, equalling the combined population of France, the UK and Italy.

4. By 2035, India would overtake China as the world’s most populous nation. While the rate of annual population growth in India is 1.9 per cent, in China it is 1.2 per cent. Thus, while China’s population would double in 60 years, India’s population would double in 34 years.

5. Around 49 per cent of the increase in India’s population in one dec­ade is from four states of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh (known as BIMARU states).

6. More than three times as many couples enter the reproductive span than those leaving it, with the fertility rate of the younger group be­ing three times higher than that of those passing out of the reproductive range.

7. At the present rate of growth, life for most Indians would be unbear­able—medical facilities would be difficult to provide, expenses on education, housing, etc. would be exorbitant, technical and profes­sional education would become the exclusive prerogative of the elite, and the scarcity of food would once again plunge more than half of the nation below the poverty line.

The goals of containing India’s population at the level of 1,000 mil­lion by the turn of the century and that the population growth rate would decrease to 1.2 per cent per annum by 2000 A.D. have receded beyond redemption. No amount of jugglery with statistics, particularly in re­lation to the acceptance of contraception by couples, can wish away the harsh reality that India’s population would reach 101 crore by 2000 A.D.

Related Articles:

• Trend of Growth of Population in India (with statistical information)
• Statistics on the Increase in Density of Population of India

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Population Explosion Essay

500+ words population explosion essay.

Population explosion means a sudden increase in the number of individuals in a particular species. The term is used to refer to the world’s human population. In India, the Population explosion has become a severe matter of concern because the increase in population leads to poverty and illiteracy. In this situation, it is difficult to cope with the economy of the country with the rapid growth of the population. The Government of India is now looking into the matter seriously, and many states have framed laws to tackle the problem of population explosion.

Major Causes of Population Explosion

1. increase in birth rate.

One of the major causes for the growth of the population is the high birth rate. During the 1891-1990 period, the birth rate declined from 45.8 per thousand in India, but it is still considered high. So, unfortunately, in India, the birth rate has not seen a decrease in spite of the framing laws in terms of family planning, population education, campaigns, etc.

2. Decrease in Death Rate

In recent years, the decrease in the death rate has been another factor contributing to the rapid growth of the population. In 2001, the death rate in India was about 8.5 per thousand. The death rate has seen a decrease due to advancements in the medical field. For example, chronic diseases like typhoid, chickenpox, etc., are no longer dreaded. Even the infant mortality rate has decreased because of proper sanitation facilities, cleanliness, and better prenatal and postnatal care.

3. Early Marriage

Early marriage is also an essential factor in the rapid increase in population. In India, the marriage age of a girl is 18, which is very low compared to other countries, which is about 23 to 25 years. It leads to a longer span of reproductive activity.

4. Religious and Social Reasons

In India, marriage is considered a compulsory social institution, and every person should marry. Every individual in a joint family takes equal responsibility and has access to an equivalent level of consumption. So, people don’t hesitate to increase their family size to a joint family. In India, most people think that one male child is necessary, and in the expectation of getting a male child, they increase their family size.

Another major cause of the population explosion is poverty. In most families, children become the source of income. From a very young age, children start working for their families instead of going to school, and they become a precious asset to the family. So, every individual becomes an earning member and additional income for the family.

6. Standard of Living

It is seen that people with a low standard of living wish to have additional children as it will be an asset for them rather than a liability. As we know, most of India’s population is uneducated, so they don’t understand the importance of family planning. They are unaware that they can enjoy a better quality of life with a small family.

7. Illiteracy

In India, 60% of the population is either illiterate or has minimum education, which leads to minimal employment opportunities. So, due to the high illiteracy rate and belief in social customs, child marriage and preference for a male child still prevail. As a result, there is a rapid population growth rate in India.

Effects of Population Explosion

1. the problem of unemployment.

An increase in population leads to a vast army of the labour force. But, it is difficult to employ such extensive labour working force due to a shortage of capital resources. Disguised unemployment in rural areas and open unemployment in urban areas are fundamental features of an underdeveloped country like India.

2. More Pressure on Land

Overpopulation creates more pressure on land. It adversely affects the economic development of the country. On the one hand, per capita availability of land goes on diminishing and on the other, the problem of subdivision and fragmentation of holdings increases.

3. Environmental Degradation

Extensive use of natural resources and energy production of oil, natural gas, and coal negatively impacts the planet. An increase in population also leads to deforestation, which directly affects the environment, and it also degrades the soil’s nutritional value and causes landslides and global warming.

So, at last, we can wrap up the essay by stating that overpopulation is considered one of the biggest challenges humanity faces.

Students can also get different essays by visiting BYJU’S website. We have compiled a list of crucial CBSE Essays from an exam perspective.

Frequently Asked Questions on Population Explosion Essay

How can population explosion be controlled.

Awareness campaigns on childbirth control and the gap between consecutive children should reach the common public. It is necessary to take such initiatives to keep the population of a country in control.

Which country has the highest population?

China is a country with a maximum population of about 1.448 billion citizens.

How is the younger generation affected due to this population explosion?

The resources which are meant exclusively for the younger generation get split and are divided due to the population explosion of a country.

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Essay on Population in India | Population issue in India | Essays for All Age Groups | Short and Long

The population issue in India is multifaceted, with both challenges and opportunities. This collection of essay on population in India offers insights into the current population of India , its growth trends, and the myriad implications. These essays cater to readers of all age groups, providing a comprehensive understanding of the population dynamics in the country.”

Table of Contents

Population issue in india : essay on population in india 100 words.

The population issue in India is a topic of significant concern for all. The government is struggling to keep up with the demand for services and infrastructure. The situation is made worse by the fact that many people live in poverty and do not have access to basic needs like healthcare and education. The population problem is compounded by the fact that India has a young population.

This means that there will be more people entering the workforce in the coming years, putting even more strain on the already overloaded system. Let’s get more educated and try to understand that increase in pollution can be a major issue of concern.

Essay on Population in India- 150 Words

The population issue in India becomes evident when considering that the country has a population surpassing 1.4 billion, indicating the magnitude of the population issue of India. This makes India the second most populous country in the world, after China. The population of India is expected to continue to grow in the coming years, reaching around 1.5 billion by 2050.

India has a relatively young population, with around 64% of the population under the age of 35. As the population of India continues to grow, it’s important to consider the implications this will have on the country. More people mean more strain on resources like food and water.

There will also be more competition for jobs, and housing may become more cramped and expensive. On the other hand, a larger population also brings with it more diversity and creativity. It will be interesting to see how India adapts as its population grows in the coming years. Additionally, the government will need to create policies that address issues like overpopulation and poverty.

Population Issue in India: 200 Words Essay on Population

The population of India is currently over 1.3 billion. This number is expected to grow to 1.7 billion by 2050. India is the second most populous country in the world, behind only China. The population growth rate in India is about 1.2% per year. The high population density in some areas of the country, combined with the large number of people living in poverty, creates challenges for the government in terms of providing adequate services and infrastructure.

While this may not seem like much, it means that the population of India is growing by about 15 million people every year. This rapid growth is causing problems for the country, as it struggles to provide enough resources for its citizens. India’s government has been trying to implement policies to control the population growth, but so far they have not been very successful.

The high population growth rate is due to a combination of factors, such as a young population, high birth rates, and low death rates. The population density in India is about 464 people per square kilometer (1,200 per square mile). It is too much. This condition may get worsen if the needed steps are not taken.  I urge everyone to think more practically and follow the knowledge regarding population control.

Essay on Population in India- 300 Words

The population issue in India is evident as the numbers continue to grow rapidly, and is expected to overtake China as the world’s most populous country by 2027. The population growth in India is a major concern, as the country faces significant challenges in providing adequate resources and infrastructure for its people.

Overcrowding is a major problem in many parts of the country, and this is likely to only get worse as the population continues to grow. The majority of the population is under the age of 35, and the median age is 28. This means that India has a large potential workforce that can drive economic growth.

However, the country also faces challenges due to its population size. Overcrowding is a major problem in many parts of India, and this can lead to poor sanitation and a lack of access to basic services. The government is working on initiatives to control population growth, but it will be a long and difficult process. it’s no surprise that population growth is a big issue in India.

The government has been trying to control population growth for years, but it’s a difficult task. There are many factors that contribute to population growth, including poverty, lack of access to contraception, and cultural norms. In spite of the challenges, the government has made some progress in recent years.

The total fertility rate (the number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime) has declined from 3.6 in 2000 to 2.3 in 2016. However, more needs to be done to keep population growth under control. Otherwise, India will continue to struggle with overcrowding, economic inequality, and environmental degradation.

The population is growing at an alarming rate and it is estimated that by 2030, India will be the most populous country in the world. The main reason for this population growth is because of the high birth rate. In India, there are more than 30 births per 1,000 people. This is much higher than the global average of 20 births per 1,000 people. The high birth rate is due to the lack of family planning and the high prevalence of child marriages.  

We should understand that overpopulation leads to poverty, poor sanitation, and environmental degradation. Thus it is our duty to be more responsible and think wisely so that we can limit the use of resources and save them for the coming generations.

Population Issue in India: Essay on Population in India- 400 + Words 

Introduction

Understanding the population of India requires a nuanced approach, considering the diverse factors influencing its growth. However, current projections estimate that the world’s population will reach 9.7 billion by 2050, and it is projected to continue to grow to 11.2 billion by 2100. This growth is largely due to increases in life expectancy and fertility rates in developing countries. As the world’s population continues to grow, it is important to consider the impact this will have on our planet’s resources. We must find ways to increase food production, provide clean water and sanitation, and conserve energy and other natural resources. Additionally, we must find ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change.

India’s population growth

India’s population growth is a controversial issue. Some people believe that India’s population is growing too rapidly and is a strain on resources, while others believe that the population growth is necessary for the country’s economic development.

The Current Population of India

The current population of India is around 1.3 billion people, making it the second most populous country in the world after China. India is expected to become the world’s most populous country by 2027, and will likely remain so for the rest of the 21st century. The high rate of population growth in India is largely due to the country’s young population, with over 60% of the population being under the age of 25. The vast majority of India’s population is Hindu (80%), followed by Muslims (14%) and Christians (2%).

How Population has Grown in India over the Years

The population of India has grown steadily over the years, from around 550 million in 1951 to over 1.2 billion in 2011. The rate of growth has slowed down in recent years, but the absolute numbers continue to increase. This is due to a number of factors, including improved medical care and advances in contraception. There are a number of challenges that come with such a large population. India is currently the second most populous country in the world, and is projected to overtake China as the most populous country sometime in the next decade. This means that there is a lot of pressure on resources, and on infrastructure. There are also issues with employment, as there are not enough jobs to go around. The government is aware of these challenges, and is working on strategies to address them. For example, the government has launched programs to improve employment opportunities, and to provide better access to healthcare and education. It is also working on increasing agricultural productivity, so that more food can be produced to meet the needs of the growing population. There is no easy solution to the challenges posed by India’s large population. But with careful planning and implementation, it is possible to make sure that everyone has access to the resources they need,

The consequences of overpopulation in India

The population of India is currently over 1.3 billion and is projected to continue to grow. This rapid population growth has led to many consequences, both positive and negative.

On the positive side, India’s economy has been growing rapidly in recent years, thanks in part to the large number of people of working age. This has led to increased opportunities for employment and economic advancement.

However, the negative consequences of overpopulation are also evident. India faces significant challenges in providing adequate housing, healthcare, education and other basic services to its huge population. Overcrowding is a major problem in many parts of the country, which can lead to poor sanitation and an increased risk of disease. Competition for jobs is also intense, which can result in low wages and poor working conditions.

Steps taken by the Government to control Population Growth in India

There are many steps that the Indian government has taken in order to control population growth. Some of these steps include: 1. Encouraging late marriages: The government has been promoting the concept of late marriages in order to reduce the number of births each year. This is because most couples who marry later in life tend to have fewer children. 2. Providing financial incentives: The government has also been providing financial incentives to couples who opt for smaller families. This is done in order to encourage people to have fewer children. 3. Improving access to contraception: The government has been working on improving access to contraception, so that people can better control their fertility. This includes making condoms and other forms of birth control more readily available, as well as providing sex education in schools. 4. Investing in health care: The government has been investing in health care, so that more women have access to quality prenatal and postnatal care. This is important because it helps improve the health of both mother and child, and can help reduce the number of infant and maternal deaths. 5. Promoting gender equality: The government has been promoting gender equality, so that women have the same opportunities as men

Do these measures work?

There is no one answer to this question. India’s population is growing at an alarming rate, and the government has taken several measures to try to control it. Some of these measures have been successful, while others have not been as effective. One of the most successful measures has been the introduction of the two-child policy, which has helped to reduce the fertility rate in India. However, other measures, such as the forced sterilization program, have not been as successful and have been widely criticized.

The Problems caused by overpopulation in India

There are many problems caused by overpopulation in India. One of the most serious problems is the shortage of food and water. With so many people living in one area, there is not enough food or water to go around. This can lead to starvation and dehydration, which can be deadly. Another problem caused by overpopulation is pollution. With so many people living in close quarters, the air can become polluted very quickly. This can cause respiratory problems and other health issues. Overpopulation can also lead to crime. When there are too many people living in an area, it can be difficult for the police to keep everyone safe. This can lead to an increase in crime rates, which can make an area very dangerous to live in. Finally, overpopulation can cause social unrest. When people are overcrowded, they can become stressed and frustrated. This can lead to riots and other forms of violence.

Solutions to the problem of overpopulation in India

There are many ways to solve the problem of overpopulation in India. Some of these solutions include:

1. Increasing the availability of family planning services: Family planning services help couples to plan and space their children, which can help to reduce the rate of population growth . 2. Improving maternal and child health: Ensuring that women and children have access to good quality health care can help to reduce the number of infant and child deaths, and also improve the health of mothers. 3. Investing in education: Educating girls and boys can help to empower them and give them the tools they need to make informed decisions about their reproductive health. 4. Creating opportunities for economic empowerment : When women are economically empowered, they are more likely to delay marriage and childbearing, and have fewer children overall. 5. Addressing environmental concerns: India’s growing population is putting strain on the country’s resources, so it is important to address environmental concerns such as deforestation, water scarcity, and air pollution.

In conclusion, India’s population is a source of both strength and weakness. On the one hand, the large number of people living in India gives the country a significant competitive advantage in terms of labor and market size. On the other hand, India’s population also presents a number of challenges, including overcrowding, poverty, and environmental degradation. The key to managing India’s population effectively will be to find a balance between these two extremes.

Related Posts

Essay on Population for Students and Children

500+ words essay on population.

Population refers to the total number of beings living in a particular area. Population helps us get an estimate of the number of beings and how to act accordingly. For instance, if we know the particular population of a city, we can estimate the number of resources it needs. Similarly, we can do the same for animals. If we look at the human population, we see how it is becoming a cause of concern. In particular, the third world countries suffer the most from population explosion. As it is the resources there are limited and the ever-increasing population just makes it worse. On the other hand, there is a problem of low population in many regions.

India population crisis

India faces a major population crisis due to the growing population. If we were to estimate, we can say that almost 17% of the population of the world lives in India alone. India ranks second in the list of most populated countries.

Furthermore, India is also one of the countries with low literacy rates. This factor contributes largely to the population explosion in India. It is usually seen that the illiterate and poor classes have a greater number of children. This happens mainly because they do not have sufficient knowledge about birth control methods . In addition, more people in a family are equals to more helping hands. This means they have better chances of earning.

Moreover, we also see how these classes practice early marriage. This makes it one of the major reasons for a greater population. People marry off their young daughters to men way older than them for money or to get free from their responsibility. The young girl bears children from an early age and continues to do so for a long time.

As India is facing a shortage of resources, the population crisis just adds on to the problem. It makes it quite hard for every citizen to get an equal share of resources. This makes the poor poorer and the rich richer.

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Impact of Population Explosion

Subsequently, pollution levels are on the rise because of the population explosion. As more and more humans are purchasing automobiles, our air is getting polluted. Moreover, the increased need calls for faster rates of industrialization. These industries pollute our water and lands, harming and degrading our quality of life.

In addition, our climate is also facing drastic changes because of human activities. Climate change is real and it is happening. It is impacting our lives very harmfully and must be monitored now. Global warming which occurs mostly due to activities by humans is one of the factors for climate change.

Humans are still able to withstand the climate and adapt accordingly, but animals cannot. This is why wildlife is getting extinct as well.

In other words, man always thinks about his well-being and becomes selfish. He overlooks the impact he is creating on the surroundings. If the population rates continue to rise at this rate, then we won’t be able to survive for long. As with this population growth comes harmful consequences. Therefore, we must take measures to control the population.

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India Population (LIVE)

• The current population of India is 1,438,625,371 as of Saturday, April 6, 2024, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data 1 .
• India 2023 population is estimated at 1,428,627,663 people at mid year.
• India population is equivalent to 17.76% of the total world population .
• India ranks number 1 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population .
• The population density in India is 481 per Km 2 (1,244 people per mi 2 ).
• The total land area is 2,973,190 Km2 (1,147,955 sq. miles)
• 36.3 % of the population is urban (518,239,122 people in 2023)
• The median age in India is 28.2 years .

Population of India (2024 and historical)

India population forecast, india demographics, main cities by population in india.

(includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.)

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The India Population (Live) counter shows a continuously updated estimate of the current population of India delivered by Worldometer's RTS algorithm , which processes data collected from the United Nations Population Division.

The Population of India (1950 - 2023) chart plots the total population count as of July 1 of each year, from 1950 to 2023.

Definitions

Year : as of July 1 of the year indicated.

Population : Overall total population (both sexes and all ages) in the country as of July 1 of the year indicated, as estimated by the United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision . For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used.

Yearly % Change : For 2023: percentage change in total population over the last year (from July 1, 2022 to June 30 2023). For all other years: latest year annual percentage change equivalent assuming homogeneous change in the preceding five year period, calculated through reverse compounding.

Yearly Change : For 2023: absolute change in total population (increase or decrease in number of people) over the last year (from July 1, 2022 to June 30 2023). For all other years: average annual numerical change over the preceding five year period.

Migrants (net) : The average annual number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over the preceding five year period (running from July 1 to June 30 of the initial and final years), or subsequent five year period (for 2016 data). A negative number means that there are more emigrants than immigrants.

Median Age : age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half of the people are older than the median age indicated and half are younger. This parameter provides an indication of age distribution.

Fertility Rate : (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. It is calculated as the average number of children an average woman will have during her reproductive period (15 to 49 years old) based on the current fertility rates of every age group in the country, and assuming she is not subject to mortality.

Density (P/Km²) : (Population Density) Population per square Kilometer (Km²).

Urban Pop % : Urban population as a percentage of total population.

Urban Population : Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country.

Country's Share of World Pop : Total population in the country as a percentage of total World Population as of July 1 of the year indicated.

World Population : Total World Population as of July 1 of the year indicated.

Global Rank : Position held by India in the list of all countries worldwide ranked by population (from the highest population to the lowest population) as of July 1 of the year indicated.

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Essay on Population Problem in India

Category: Essays and Paragraphs On October 20, 2013 By Sanjoy Roy

Over-population has been major problem in India. The efforts to remove the curse of population problem have only been partially effective. In consequence the rate of population increase has gone down, but the balance between the optimum population growth and a healthy nation is far to be achieved.

Ignorance, illiteracy, unhygienic living and lack of proper recreation have remained the caused of population problem in India.

Both men and women should realize the dangers of over-population. If we make a random survey we shall find that still there are women as well as men who are not able to grasp why they should have less children. The television instructs through advertisements and tableaus about the merit of a small, manageable family. But still there are families that suffer from die-hard superstition. They consider adoption as an unholy activity. Again the backward tradition of professional ancestry is also firmly rooted in a large cross-section of our Indian society. A blacksmith, a carpenter, a mason or a tailor promptly trains his children to pick up the trade of their father. Naturally, they have a psychological make-up that the more sons they have the more they can employ. Thus a laborer produces more as that mean more income.

People, themselves must realize the merits of a small family. They should be encouraged to adopt preventive checks – checks that control the birth rate.

Another factor that encourages the growth-rate is religion. Some communities consider any mandate or statutory method of prohibition to be sacrilegious. India being a secular state, she cannot exercise any check or restraint on religious grounds.

Another great factor that contributes to the population growth is the cursed voting system. It is based on number. On the other hand the voting pattern, especially in northern India, is based on caste. Naturally, the caste that outstrips the other castes in sheer number of votes enjoys a comparatively higher leverage in the domain of powers.

Early marriages not only leads to high-population and thwart the progress of our young population, they entail an enormous amount of trouble to young mothers. These young girls, in most cases, are not healthy enough to bear the burden of childbearing.

The importance of a higher standard of living should be inculcated in the mind of the mass of the people. The desire for better living conditions automatically works as a deterrent to heavy increases in population. It restricts the population explosion and thus tends to keep high the efficiency of our existing population.

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