biography of prakash gandhi

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Jayaprakash Gandhi

Mr. Jayaprakash Gandhi

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2.1 Million

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Jayaprakash Gandhi is a gold medallist from Anna University who forays into the world of Education and Technology. Career Guidance JP Gandhi is awarded as one of the Top 10 Online Career Consultants in India by Higher Education Review. Over two decades, he has given over 7750 programs in prestigious schools, colleges and universities across the globe. He has also addressed many leading organizations for career guidance programmes. To date, he has counselled more than 2.1 million students across fields. He is the only career consultant to integrate future technologies and career guidance. The vital domains of Career Guidance JP Gandhi are as follows: Medical, Engineering, Future Technologies, Skill Sets for various industries, Interview Questions, State & National Education Policies and much more.

He has successfully implemented state and national level policies that have directly impacted millions of students. He is constantly across multiple media platforms such as National T.V, Radio and Print for his inputs. He is the only person to do a complete data analysis of various examinations, question papers and admission processes and has taken life-changing career path decisions.

He has launched India's first YouTube Education Channel called Career Guidance JP Gandhi. It has garnered over 50 Million Impressions in just 1.5 years and is one of the Top 10 Education Channels on YouTube.

He is also the director of Lotus Matriculation School and the correspondent of Ooty Mcgaan School of Architecture.

Finally, he has bestowed on many awards such as the prestigious Independence day award from the Government of Tamilnadu, Kamal Partra award from Jaycees, Vocational Excellence Award from Rotary Club, Pinnacle Of Education award and much more.

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Mahatma Gandhi

By: History.com Editors

Updated: June 6, 2019 | Original: July 30, 2010

Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years following World War I became the leading figure in India’s struggle to gain independence from Great Britain. Known for his ascetic lifestyle–he often dressed only in a loincloth and shawl–and devout Hindu faith, Gandhi was imprisoned several times during his pursuit of non-cooperation, and undertook a number of hunger strikes to protest the oppression of India’s poorest classes, among other injustices. After Partition in 1947, he continued to work toward peace between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi was shot to death in Delhi in January 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar, in the present-day Indian state of Gujarat. His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar; his deeply religious mother was a devoted practitioner of Vaishnavism (worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic religion governed by tenets of self-discipline and nonviolence. At the age of 19, Mohandas left home to study law in London at the Inner Temple, one of the city’s four law colleges. Upon returning to India in mid-1891, he set up a law practice in Bombay, but met with little success. He soon accepted a position with an Indian firm that sent him to its office in South Africa. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.

Did you know? In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.

Gandhi was appalled by the discrimination he experienced as an Indian immigrant in South Africa. When a European magistrate in Durban asked him to take off his turban, he refused and left the courtroom. On a train voyage to Pretoria, he was thrown out of a first-class railway compartment and beaten up by a white stagecoach driver after refusing to give up his seat for a European passenger. That train journey served as a turning point for Gandhi, and he soon began developing and teaching the concept of satyagraha (“truth and firmness”), or passive resistance, as a way of non-cooperation with authorities.

The Birth of Passive Resistance

In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed an ordinance regarding the registration of its Indian population, Gandhi led a campaign of civil disobedience that would last for the next eight years. During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.

In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India. He supported the British war effort in World War I but remained critical of colonial authorities for measures he felt were unjust. In 1919, Gandhi launched an organized campaign of passive resistance in response to Parliament’s passage of the Rowlatt Acts, which gave colonial authorities emergency powers to suppress subversive activities. He backed off after violence broke out–including the massacre by British-led soldiers of some 400 Indians attending a meeting at Amritsar–but only temporarily, and by 1920 he was the most visible figure in the movement for Indian independence.

Leader of a Movement

As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India. He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. Gandhi’s eloquence and embrace of an ascetic lifestyle based on prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the reverence of his followers, who called him Mahatma (Sanskrit for “the great-souled one”). Invested with all the authority of the Indian National Congress (INC or Congress Party), Gandhi turned the independence movement into a massive organization, leading boycotts of British manufacturers and institutions representing British influence in India, including legislatures and schools.

After sporadic violence broke out, Gandhi announced the end of the resistance movement, to the dismay of his followers. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. He refrained from active participation in politics for the next several years, but in 1930 launched a new civil disobedience campaign against the colonial government’s tax on salt, which greatly affected Indian’s poorest citizens.

A Divided Movement

In 1931, after British authorities made some concessions, Gandhi again called off the resistance movement and agreed to represent the Congress Party at the Round Table Conference in London. Meanwhile, some of his party colleagues–particularly Mohammed Ali Jinnah, a leading voice for India’s Muslim minority–grew frustrated with Gandhi’s methods, and what they saw as a lack of concrete gains. Arrested upon his return by a newly aggressive colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of the treatment of India’s so-called “untouchables” (the poorer classes), whom he renamed Harijans, or “children of God.” The fasting caused an uproar among his followers and resulted in swift reforms by the Hindu community and the government.

In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities. Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of World War II , Gandhi again took control of the INC, demanding a British withdrawal from India in return for Indian cooperation with the war effort. Instead, British forces imprisoned the entire Congress leadership, bringing Anglo-Indian relations to a new low point.

Partition and Death of Gandhi

After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations over Indian home rule began between the British, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). Later that year, Britain granted India its independence but split the country into two dominions: India and Pakistan. Gandhi strongly opposed Partition, but he agreed to it in hopes that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally. Amid the massive riots that followed Partition, Gandhi urged Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together, and undertook a hunger strike until riots in Calcutta ceased.

In January 1948, Gandhi carried out yet another fast, this time to bring about peace in the city of Delhi. On January 30, 12 days after that fast ended, Gandhi was on his way to an evening prayer meeting in Delhi when he was shot to death by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic enraged by Mahatma’s efforts to negotiate with Jinnah and other Muslims. The next day, roughly 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhi’s body was carried in state through the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River.

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Book Review | Jayaprakash Narayan, the Gandhi of the emergency era

For those of us who have lived through and survived the tumultuous 1970s, including the harsh realities of the Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi, the name of Jayaprakash Narayan or JP evokes reverence, not just for his singular contribution to the restoration of democracy, but for reinforcing the idea that one needs moral force to stand up to tyranny.

JP was the Gandhi that India needed in the second half of the 20th century, when the youth felt disenchanted with poor governance, corruption and the lethargic pace of development. He virtually stepped into the Mahatma’s shoes when everything seemed to be falling apart in the 1970s because of the growing unrest among students. And when he took the lead, calling for a “total revolution”, Indira Gandhi hit back by throttling democracy and jailing her opponents. Despite his deteriorating health, JP made great sacrifices to fight the Emergency regime, stitch up a rag-tag coalition of disparate political entities, ensure the defeat of Indira Gandhi and the restoration of democracy.

This was certainly the most challenging assignment that JP gave unto himself. But this was not the only one. The journey of this extraordinary man has been brought to life in a biography of JP titled The Dream of Revolution by Bimal Prasad, a noted scholar and close associate of JP, and Sujata Prasad. This is an exceptional book for several reasons. It is based on JP’s papers, diligently put together by Bimal Prasad in 10 volumes, and provides invaluable insights into JP’s association with Gandhi, Nehru, Patel and the communists. The authors must be complimented for the detachment with which they have dealt with the subject despite their proximity to the man.

The authors say that as one of the founders of the Congress Socialist Party (CSP), JP outlined his ideological position in Why Socialism published in 1936. It was radical enough to attract the attention of the likes of EMS Namboodiripad. For JP, every ideology seemed to be like the curate’s egg—good in parts. As a result, JP’s dalliance with every ‘ism’ appears to be subject to what one may call “JP’s Lakshman Rekha”. Take the case of Gandhi, under whose influence he came after his return from the US. Some years hence, he debunked Gandhism as a “dangerous doctrine” and “a compound of timid economic analysis, good intentions and ineffective moralising...”. 

As regards Marx, Minoo Masani recalls that while he (Masani) was a staunch democrat of the British Labour Party, “JP was a staunch believer in the dictatorship of the proletariat...”. But, JP had later argued that “it is a common mistake to think that there must be dictatorship of the proletariat in a Socialist state”. Then came his initiative in January 1936 to induct members of the Communist Party of India (CPI) into the CSP only to lament four years later that the communists were trying to “crush” the CSP. He also accused them of being “Russia’s fifth columnist”. Then, there was JP, the man of contradictions. While he was a strong advocate of non-violence, he publicly declared his support to  Naxalites in June 1969.

Another important strand that runs through this book is the blow hot, blow cold relationship between JP and Indira Gandhi. The authors note that the disagreements between the two were without rancour until about 1970. Thereafter, the relationship deteriorated. “He was lionised for a brand of politics that was free of compromises,” say the authors. How true. JP appeared to be eternally chasing his dream of an ideal world. Alas, that was not to be. He felt terribly betrayed by the crass politics of the Janata Parivar, which destroyed his dream of a total revolution.

But that is not to say that JP’s journey was futile. He has left behind a great legacy and many provisions in the Indian Constitution, specially Articles 38, 39, 41, 42 and 43, show how much the idealism of JP and his fellow-travellers influenced the constitution-makers. Idealists may find themselves lost in the rough and tumble of politics, but nations and societies in pursuit of the larger good can never ignore them, because they are the eternal conscience-keepers. 

The Dream of Revolution  By: Bimal Prasad, Sujata Prasad Publisher: Penguin Random  House India Pages: 272 Price: Rs 799

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BJP Chooses Raebareli Leader For Public Debate Against Rahul Gandhi

An invitation was extended to pm modi and congress' rahul gandhi by retired justice madan b lokur, justice ajit p shah, and journalist n ram for a public debate on the key election issues..

Abhinav Prakash is Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha's vice president

Accepting the invitation for a public debate with Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha President Tejasvi Surya nominated BJYM's Vice President Abhinav Prakash.

It is pertinent to note that the invitation was extended to Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Rahul Gandhi by Retired Justice Madan B Lokur, Justice Ajit P Shah, and journalist N Ram for a debate on the key election issues.

Tejasvi Surya proposed the name of Abhinav Prakash, stating that he is from a Dalit caste, Pasi, which makes up a significant proportion of over 30% of the scheduled caste population in Raebareli where Rahul Gandhi is contesting in the current Lok Sabha election.

Elaborating on the credentials of Abhinav Prakash, he wrote in a letter, "He is not only distinguished leader within our youth wing but also an articulate spokesperson for the policies and reforms implemented by our government. An alumnus of Jawaharlal Nehru University and an assistant professor of economics at Delhi University's Ramjas College, with previous teaching stints at SRCC, his profound understanding of social, economic, and political dynamics is poised to enrich the debate significantly."

Dear Rahul Gandhi Ji, BJYM has deputed Sri @Abhina_Prakash , our VP, to debate with you. He is a young and educated leader from the Pasi (SC) community, who are around 30%, in Rae Baraeli. It will be an enriching debate between a political scion and a common youngster who… pic.twitter.com/8FarSmqrQe — Tejasvi Surya (ಮೋದಿಯ ಪರಿವಾರ) (@Tejasvi_Surya) May 13, 2024

On May 10, Rahul Gandhi in a letter addressed to retired judges Madan B. Lokur, Ajit P. Shah, and journalist N. Ram, expressed readiness to participate in the debate either himself or through Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge.

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"It would be a positive initiative for the major parties to present their vision to the country from one platform for a healthy democracy. Congress welcomes this initiative and accepts the invitation for discussion. The country also expects the Prime Minister to take part in this dialogue," Mr Gandhi said while accepting the invitation.

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)

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Who is Abhinav Prakash, BJP youth leader, picked for a possible election debate against Rahul Gandhi?

D ebates in Indian elections? They are unheard of. However, Congress leader Rahul Gandhi recently proposed that his party chief Mallikarjun Kharge or he would like to hold a public debate with Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The PM has not responded but Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha president (BJYM) Tejasvi Surya has picked the youth wing’s vice president Abhinav Prakash for a possible discussion.

Surya had earlier questioned Gandhi’s challenge to Modi, saying the Congress leader was not even a PM candidate. Now accepting a proposal for a public debate between the two rival parties, the BJP youth president has nominated his second-in-command Prakash in an “enriching debate between a political scion (Rahul Gandhi) and a common youngster who has come up the hard way”.

But who is Raebarelli leader Abhinav Prakash and how did this debate drama unfold? Let's take a closer look

Who is Abhinav Prakash?

The BJP yuva morcha vice president hails from the Gandhi family’s traditional turf, Uttar Pradesh’s Raebarelli. “He is not only a distinguished leader of our youth wing but also an articulate spokesman for the policies and reforms implemented by the government,” Surya, wrote to Gandhi in a letter shared on X.

The 30-year-old belongs to a Dalit community named Pasi, which makes up a significant proportion of over 30 per cent of the Scheduled Caste population in Raebareli where Rahul Gandhi is contesting in the ongoing Lok Sabha elections.

Prakash, an assistant professor of economics at Delhi University’s Ramjas College, is an alumnus of Jawaharlal University. He has had various teaching stints at Shri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), one of the country’s most prestigious commerce colleges. This has given him a “profound understanding of social, economic, and political dynamics” of the country, Surya wrote adding he will “enrich the debate significantly”.

Expressing gratitude towards Surya, the Raebarelli leader took to X saying he looks forward to Gandhi accepting the debate.

It remains to be seen if Gandhi accepts to confront Prakash in a potential debate.

“We eagerly anticipate your acceptance, setting the stage for what promises to be a historic debate between the scion of a political dynasty which has ruled India for the longest time since independence and a commoner representing the new India of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi,” Surya wrote.

How the idea of the debate started?

Last week, anticipation peaked for a highly anticipated political debate as a consortium of retired judges and a journalist wrote to Gandhi and Modi.

Former Supreme Court judge Madan Lokur, former Delhi High Court Chief Justice AP Shah, and N Ram, former editor of The Hindu, appealed to the two politicians to engage in a debate on key issues hosted on a neutral and non-partisan platform.

“A public debate such as this would, therefore, set a great precedent, not just by educating the public, but also in projecting the true image of a healthy and vibrant democracy,” said the letter quoted in The Hindu.

Congress scion Rahul Gandhi took to X to announce his acceptance of the offer against PM Modi on Friday and said he expects the PM to participate, saying it “would be a positive initiative for the major parties to present their vision to the country from one platform for a healthy democracy”.

However, the BJP declined the debate invitation, stating that Rahul Gandhi did not have credentials even within the Congress nor was he the PM face for Opposition, and hence, the PM had no reason to debate with him.

Now will Gandhi take on Prakash remains to be seen.

With input from agencies

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Who's the economist-YouTuber picked by BJP for Rahul Gandhi debate

The bjym, the bjp's youth wing, nominated its vice-president abhinav prakash to take on congress's rahul gandhi in a debate. prakash is a jnu alumnus and assistant professor of economics at delhi university's ramjas college. he also runs a popular youtube channel..

Listen to Story

"I am looking forward to this debate... I hope he [Rahul Gandhi] doesn't run away from the debate the way he ran away from Amethi..." said Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha (BJYM) leader Abhinav Prakash on Monday. The BJYM Vice-President has been nominated by the BJP to debate Congress leader Rahul Gandhi.

An invitation was sent to Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, last week, by two prominent jurists and a senior journalist for a public debate in the midst of the ongoing Lok Sabha election.

The invitees proposed, "the public debate would set a great precedent, not just by educating the public, but also in projecting the true image of a healthy and vibrant democracy".

Nehru-Gandhi scion Rahul Gandhi accepted the debate invitation a couple of days later.

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) responded too.

TEJASVI SURYA NAMED ABHINAV PRAKASH TO DEBATE RAHUL

BJYM's president and Bengaluru South MP Tejasvi Surya announced that Abhinav Prakash , the Vice-President of BJYM, will take on Rahul Gandhi in the debate.

Surya highlighted Abhinav Prakash's background and struggles.

"It will be an enriching debate between a political scion and a common youngster who has come up the hard way," said Tejasvi Surya.

WHO IS ABHINAV PRAKASH?

Abhinav Prakash is a young and dynamic leader of the BJYM.

Prakash belongs to the Pasi caste, and is a Dalit from Raebareli, the constituency where Rahul Gandhi is contesting the 2024 Lok Sabha election. Raebareli has a substantial Dalit population.

Abhinav Prakash is the right person to engage in a debate with Rahul Gandhi, as he represents the "new India" under PM Modi, according to Surya.

Abhinav Prakash is not just a politician, but a well-known academic too. He writes columns for national dailies in both English and Hindi.

Prakash's academic and professional experience could have been a reason for his selection for the debate.

An alumnus of the University of Delhi and Jawaharlal Nehru University, he has been serving as an assistant professor of economics at Delhi University's Ramjas College since December 2022.

Before joining Ramjas College, he taught economics at the Shri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), and Delhi's Zakir Hussain College.

On his popular YouTube channel, Abhinav Prakash covers a wide array of social, economic, and political topics related to India. From interacting with scholars and experts like Sushant Sareen, J Sai Deepak, Ajit Dutta and Meenakshi Jain, he has also talked about OBC and Dalit issues at length.

The channel, called the Urbanchatterati, is "dedicated to quality discussions on untouched issues in the Indian public discourse".

Abhinav, who originally hails from Uttar Pradesh, is seen active on the ground, addressing seminars and rallies across India.

Abhinav Prakash has visited shrines and religious places, like Madurai's Meenakshi Temple, Puri's Jagannath Temple, Rameshwaram's Ramanathaswamy Temple, and put up photos on Instagram.

Prakash is known to be a close political and ideological associate of Tejasvi Surya, who nominated him for the Rahul Gandhi debate.

While BJP MP Tejasvi Surya nominated Abhinav Prakash, he also slammed Rahul Gandhi, who "wanted to debate with PM Modi".

"But debates are done with people of the same designation. In this case, Modi ji is the PM & the PM candidate from NDA. Rahul Gandhi is neither a PM candidate for Congress nor for the INDI alliance. So, it is impossible for a debate between the two... Abhinav Prakash is the Yuva Morcha worker, and we have deputed him (for debate)...," Surya said on Monday.

Surya not only hailed Abhinav Prakash as "a distinguished leader of the youth wing" but also as "an articulate spokesman for the policies and reforms implemented by the government".

Reacting to his nomination, Abhinav Prakash thanked Tejasvi Surya for deputing him to debate with Rahul Gandhi.

"I am looking forward to this debate. I am from Uttar Pradesh, Rahul Gandhi and his family have represented the state for so long. I hope he doesn't run away from the debate the way he ran away from Amethi. Otherwise, who knows, he will have to run away from Raebareli as well, in the next elections...," Prakash said.

Nonetheless, the debate, if it takes place, could surely turn out to be something interesting. The spectacle would see the self-made Dalit academic from UP taking on the scion of the biggest political family, who is trying to keep a family bastion, Raebareli, from slipping away. Published By: Sushim Mukul Published On: May 14, 2024