KMO and Bartlett’s test
KMO measure of sampling adequacy | 0.862 | |
---|---|---|
Bartlett’s test of sphericity | Approximate | 1,812.156 |
df | 378 | |
Sig | 0.000 |
Cronbach’s α
Research variables | Cronbach’s |
---|---|
Fear of bank transaction and no faith | 0.747 |
Traditional shopping is convenient than online shopping | 0.797 |
Reputation and service provided | 0.825 |
Bad experience | 0.816 |
Insecurity and insufficient product information | 0.784 |
Lack of trust | 0.760 |
Factors | Name of the factor | Statements | Eigenvalue | % of variance | Loadings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Fear of bank transaction and faith | − The fact that only those with a credit card or bank account can shop on the internet is a drawback | 29.431 | 0.789 | |
−While shopping online, I hesitate to give my credit card number | 0.642 | ||||
−I do not prefer online shopping because of lack of trust over vendors | 8.241 | 0.601 | |||
−I do not prefer to buy online because of bad returning policy | 0.580 | ||||
−The fear of wrong product delivery stops me to buy through online | 0.552 | ||||
−I do not prefer to purchase from online stores if they do not provide cash on delivery facilities | 0.394 | ||||
2 | Traditional shopping is convenient than online shopping | − I think shopping on the internet takes lot of time | 2.788 | 9.958 | 0.713 |
−Online shopping is complex as compared to traditional shopping | 0.706 | ||||
−It is more difficult to shop on the internet | 0.698 | ||||
−I believe online shopping cannot overtake the traditional shopping | 0.658 | ||||
−I prefer traditional shopping than online shopping | 0.614 | ||||
3 | Reputation and service provided | −I prefer to purchase from reputed online websites | 1.964 | 7.013 | 0.775 |
−I generally prefer to buy after comparing prices with all other websites | 0.732 | ||||
−I prefer to purchase online if website is secure and genuine | 0.726 | ||||
−I prefer those websites only that deliver the goods as soon as possible | 0.638 | ||||
−If there is no guarantee and warrantee of the product, I will never prefer to buy through online stores | 0.550 | ||||
4 | Experience | −I do not prefer to purchase from online stores if they do not provide every month instalment (EMI) facilities | 1.299 | 4.640 | 0.776 |
−I hesitate to shop online because my past experience was not good | 0.663 | ||||
−I do not prefer to buy online because of little knowledge of internet | 0.606 | ||||
5 | Insecurity and insufficient product information | −I will not prefer online shopping if the description of products shown on the online websites are not accurate | 1.190 | 4.251 | 0.665 |
−I will not prefer online shopping if online prices are high | 0.614 | ||||
−The information given about the products and services on the internet is not sufficient to make purchase | 0.548 | ||||
−If variety of goods available on the online stores are less, I will not prefer online shopping | 0.539 | ||||
−Online shopping is not secure as traditional shopping | 0.416 | ||||
6 | Lack of trust | − I hesitate to give my personal information on online websites | 1.098 | 3.920 | 0.552 |
−Without touching products, it is difficult to make buying decision | 0.521 | ||||
−Shopping online is risky | 0.511 | ||||
−I would be frustrated about what to do if I am dissatisfied with a purchase made from the internet | 0.488 |
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Uml use case diagram example.
Web Customer actor uses some web site to make purchases online. Top level use cases are View Items , Make Purchase and Client Register . View Items use case could be used by customer as top level use case if customer only wants to find and see some products. This use case could also be used as a part of Make Purchase use case. Client Register use case allows customer to register on the web site, for example to get some coupons or be invited to private sales. Note, that Checkout use case is included use case not available by itself - checkout is part of making purchase.
Except for the Web Customer actor there are several other actors which will be described below with detailed use cases.
Online shopping UML use case diagram example - top level use cases.
View Items use case is extended by several optional use cases - customer may search for items, browse catalog, view items recommended for him/her, add items to shopping cart or wish list. All these use cases are extending use cases because they provide some optional functions allowing customer to find item.
Customer Authentication use case is included in View Recommended Items and Add to Wish List because both require the customer to be authenticated. At the same time, item could be added to the shopping cart without user authentication.
Online shopping UML use case diagram example - view items use case.
Checkout use case includes several required uses cases. Web customer should be authenticated. It could be done through user login page, user authentication cookie ("Remember me") or Single Sign-On (SSO). Web site authentication service is used in all these use cases, while SSO also requires participation of external identity provider.
Checkout use case also includes Payment use case which could be done either by using credit card and external credit payment service or with PayPal.
Online shopping UML use case diagram example - checkout, authentication and payment use cases.
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The impact of physiological and psychological fatigue on work efficiency: a case study of parcel sorting work.
2. materials and methods, 2.1. participants, 2.2. experiment procedure, 2.3. assessment tools, 2.4. physiological measurements, 2.5. data analysis, 3.1. participant descriptive, 3.2. mf and scl difference analysis, 3.3. analysis of rest periods, 3.4. analysis of changes in sorting count, 3.5. panel data correlation analysis, 3.6. video analysis, 4. discussion, 4.1. overall analysis of the two experiments, 4.2. analysis of experiment a, 4.3. analysis of experiment b, 4.4. subjective fatigue analysis, 4.5. rest period study, 4.6. limitations, 5. conclusions, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.
Click here to enlarge figure
Level of Exertion | PRE Score | Description |
---|---|---|
No exertion at all | 6 | No muscle fatigue, breathlessness or difficulty breathing. |
Extremely light | 7 | Very, very light. |
8 | ||
Very light | 9 | Like walking slowly for a short while. Very easy to talk. |
10 | ||
Light | 11 | Like a light exercise at your own pace. |
Moderate | 12 | |
Somewhat hard | 13 | Fairly strenuous and breathless. Not so easy to talk. |
14 | ||
Hard | 15 | Heavy and strenuous. An upper limit for fitness training, as experienced when running or walking quickly. |
16 | ||
Very hard | 17 | Very strenuous. You are very tired and breathless. It is very difficult to talk. |
19 | ||
Extremely hard | 19 | The most strenuous effort you have ever experienced. |
Maximal exertion | 20 | Maximal heaviness. |
Measure | Cohort (n = 15) |
---|---|
Age (years) | 21.00 ± 1.71 |
Height (cm) | 176.3 ± 5.44 |
Weight (kg) | 65.65 ± 8.13 |
BMI (kg/m ) | 21.05 ± 1.75 |
Participant | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | |
A | 23.45 | 1.98 | 21.36 | 1.56 | 17.53 | 3.23 | 17.55 | 4.56 | 20.69 | 1.00 |
B | 20.55 | 2.01 | 20.00 | 2.89 | 15.05 | 4.14 | 16.55 | 4.64 | 19.55 | 1.44 |
MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | |
A | 24.35 | 0.56 | 23.85 | 1.65 | 25.78 | 4.78 | 26 | 2.32 | 17.02 | 1.44 |
B | 23.75 | 0.78 | 19.72 | 2.56 | 24.68 | 5.10 | 25.00 | 3.23 | 16.55 | 2.44 |
MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | MF | SCL | |
A | 8.95 | 3.76 | 17.35 | 4.04 | 14.45 | 3.87 | 15.05 | 3.22 | 20.25 | 3.64 |
B | 11.65 | 4.56 | 20.25 | 4.29 | 13.85 | 4.10 | 15.25 | 2.89 | 22.35 | 2.98 |
Time | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 18.07 ± 2.60 | 15.25 ± 3.05 | 14.92 ± 4.08 | 15.11 ± 5.15 | 16.97 ± 3.69 | 14.88 ± 3.89 |
B | 16.54 ± 2.79 | 13.81 ± 2.88 | 13.40 ± 4.07 | 13.49 ± 5.08 | 15.37 ± 3.81 | 13.48 ± 3.94 |
A | 13.11 ± 2.75 | 13.26 ± 3.03 | 13.08 ± 3.37 | 12.63 ± 3.07 | 12.04 ± 3.12 | 11.60 ± 3.26 |
B | 15.59 ± 4.19 | 17.12 ± 4.20 | 16.75 ± 3.82 | 16.03 ± 3.30 | 14.48 ± 3.91 | 13.94 ± 4.41 |
Time | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 4.04 ± 1.20 | 4.92 ± 0.89 | 5.50 ± 1.13 | 6.19 ± 0.95 | 6.64 ± 1.11 | 7.03 ± 1.18 |
B | 4.29 ± 1.20 | 5.14 ± 0.73 | 5.86 ± 0.85 | 6.53 ± 0.80 | 7.01 ± 1.37 | 7.08 ± 1.02 |
A | 7.30 ± 1.76 | 7.79 ± 1.92 | 8.02 ± 1.97 | 8.28 ± 1.72 | 8.31 ± 1.74 | 8.25 ± 1.71 |
B | 4.11 ± 1.30 | 4.56 ± 1.27 | 4.98 ± 1.23 | 5.39 ± 1.28 | 5.50 ± 1.33 | 5.77 ± 1.49 |
Participant | Resting Periods | |
---|---|---|
EMG | EDA | |
1 | 158 s | 428 s |
2 | 165 s | 454 s |
3 | 170 s | 449 s |
4 | 140 s | 348 s |
5 | 175 s | 465 s |
6 | 147 s | 385 s |
7 | 165 s | 460 s |
8 | 150 s | 364 s |
9 | 159 s | 432 s |
10 | 145 s | 364 s |
Mean ± SD | 157.4 ± 11.58 s | 414.9 ± 45 s |
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Li, M.; Ma, Z.; Yan, R.; Yin, J. The Impact of Physiological and Psychological Fatigue on Work Efficiency: A Case Study of Parcel Sorting Work. Sensors 2024 , 24 , 5989. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185989
Li M, Ma Z, Yan R, Yin J. The Impact of Physiological and Psychological Fatigue on Work Efficiency: A Case Study of Parcel Sorting Work. Sensors . 2024; 24(18):5989. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185989
Li, Miaomiao, Zuqin Ma, Rui Yan, and Jielin Yin. 2024. "The Impact of Physiological and Psychological Fatigue on Work Efficiency: A Case Study of Parcel Sorting Work" Sensors 24, no. 18: 5989. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185989
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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE SHOPPING SYSTEM (A CASE STUDY OF FRANKFIK INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, UYO) A RESEARCH PROJECT BY EFFIONG, MICHAEL PIUS UCP/H2017/CS/003 TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE SCHOOL OF INDUSTRAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES UYO CITY POLYTECHIN, UYO AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA. ... ONLINE SHOPPING SYSTEM USE-CASE MODEL ONLINE ...
Commercial use is prohibited. The thesis study the e-commerce activities of Daraz online store in Nepal. The change is inevitable with the development of internet and its technology. Nepal is developing country and it is developing at a faster pace with the enrich of cutting-edge technology. The main reason for quick development of Daraz Nepal ...
Written by Medhat Mekky. Innovative User-Experience Designer with over 14 years of experience spearheading projects that leave a lasting impact on digital products. Grocety is an online grocery shopping app, offering consumers a reliable alternative to the crowded supermarket's experience in Egypt.
Jain, D. (2018). Analysis of consumer buying behavior towards online shopping: A case study of Kota city- Rajasthan. Retrieved from https: ... Li, N., & Dan Zhang, P. (2002). Consumer online shopping attitude and behavior: An assessment of research. Information System Proceedings of English Americas Conference, Dallas-Texas, (pp. 508-517).
Online Shopping System Use Case Diagram. Use case diagrams are intended to provide all stakeholders, including clients and project managers as well as develops and engineers, with a high-level view of the subject system and communicate the highest level system requirements in non-technical terms. The purpose of use case diagrams is to model ...
Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. It is a form of electronic commerce. This project is an attempt to provide the advantages of online shopping to customers of a real shop.
So, E-Shopping is a boon as it saves lot of time. Online shopping is a process whereby consumers directly buy goods, services etc. from a. seller without an intermediary service over the Internet ...
1. Case study: Online Shopping. Paragraphs Corporation sells books and CDs using through online shopping. The customer adds items to her shopping cart. She may remove items or go to the check-out to make her purchases at any time. The customer reviews her purchases, chooses a payment method and pays. A sales employee at Paragraphs Corporation ...
Findings. As per the results total six factors came out from the study that restrains consumers to buy from online sites - fear of bank transaction and faith, traditional shopping more convenient than online shopping, reputation and services provided, experience, insecurity and insufficient product information and lack of trust.
View Items use case is extended by several optional use cases - customer may search for items, browse catalog, view items recommended for him/her, add items to shopping cart or wish list. All these use cases are extending use cases because they provide some optional functions allowing customer to find item. Customer Authentication use case is included in View Recommended Items and Add to Wish ...
1. Introduction. The development of information and communication technologies has allowed customers to shop using the Internet in addition to in-store shopping (Hsiao, Citation 2009).In the era of the exceptional proliferation of online shopping, retail store managers, planners, real estate developers, and policymakers are interested to understand the short and long-term impacts of online ...
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ONLINE SHOPPING SYSTEM (A CASE STUDY OF MAHADI MEGA SHOPS, KADUNA) ... online shopping system is a virtual store on the Internet where customers can browse the ...
The popularity of online shopping in China has increased significantly, creating new development opportunities for the express delivery industry. However, the rapid expansion of the express industry has also created challenges in the parcel sorting process. The demanding nature of parcel sorting work, which is characterized by intense and prolonged repetitive tasks, makes individuals ...