tenure of phd in india

• Interesting
• Scholarships
• UGC-CARE Journals

PhD in India 2024 – Cost, Duration, and Eligibility for Admission

Complete guide to phd in india: duration, costs, eligibility, and recent updates 2024.

Embarking on a PhD journey in India is a significant academic and professional pursuit. Aspiring research scholars often have questions regarding the duration of a PhD, the associated costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments in the field. In this comprehensive guide, ilovephd aims to address these queries and shed light on the essentials of pursuing a PhD in India.

How many years is a PhD in India?

A PhD program in India typically takes around 3 to 5 years to complete, depending on various factors such as the discipline, research area, individual progress, and university regulations.

The duration may vary, but it is important to be prepared for a substantial commitment of time and effort.

How much does a PhD cost in India?

The cost of pursuing a PhD in India varies across institutions. Generally, public universities offer PhD programs with minimal or subsidized tuition fees. Private universities may have higher fees.

It’s advisable to explore funding options such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants provided by government bodies, funding agencies , or individual institutions to support your PhD journey.

What qualifications are required for a PhD in India?

To pursue a PhD in India, a candidate typically needs a postgraduate degree (Master’s or equivalent) in a relevant field. It is important to note that specific eligibility criteria may vary between universities and disciplines.

Additionally, universities often require candidates to clear entrance exams or interviews and meet minimum academic standards to be considered for admission.

What is the age limit for a PhD in India? Is 25 too old to start a PhD?

In most cases, there is no strict age limit for pursuing a PhD in India. As long as you meet the eligibility criteria and demonstrate the necessary academic qualifications, you can pursue a PhD at any age.

Therefore, 25 is certainly not too old to start a PhD Many scholars begin their doctoral studies later in life, bringing valuable experiences and perspectives to their research.

Can I do a Ph.D. without the National Eligibility Test (NET)?

While the National Eligibility Test (NET) is a common requirement for lectureships and research fellowships in India , it is not mandatory for all PhD programs. Some universities may have their own entrance exams or selection processes.

It is important to check the specific requirements of the university or institution where you plan to pursue your PhD

Who is eligible for direct PhD admission?

Direct Ph.D. admission is a pathway for exceptional candidates who have completed their undergraduate studies and wish to pursue a PhD without a Master’s degree.

However, this option is typically available to a limited number of candidates, and universities may have specific criteria and guidelines for direct PhD admissions. It is advisable to consult with individual institutions to understand their policies regarding direct Ph.D. admissions.

Is it okay to do a PhD without a Master’s degree?

While a Master’s degree is generally the standard qualification for pursuing a PhD, some universities in India offer integrated PhD programs that allow students to directly enter the Ph.D. track after completing their undergraduate studies.

However, this option may be limited to certain disciplines or institutions. It’s important to research and identify institutions that offer such programs if you wish to pursue a PhD without a Master’s degree.

What are the recent rules for PhD admissions in India?

The rules and regulations for Ph.D. admissions in India are subject to change and can vary between universities and disciplines.

It is advisable to stay updated with the guidelines provided by individual universities and regulatory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC) or the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) to ensure compliance with the latest requirements.

25 Tips to Join PhD in India

25 tips to help you join a PhD program in India:

• Research your field of interest thoroughly to identify potential research areas and topics.
• Explore various universities and research institutes in India that offer PhD programs in your chosen field.
• Check the eligibility criteria and admission requirements of each institution you are interested in.
• Take note of application deadlines and ensure you submit your application well in advance.
• Prepare a strong statement of purpose (SOP) that highlights your research interests, goals, and why you are interested in pursuing a Ph.D.
• Contact potential supervisors or faculty members whose research aligns with your interests to discuss your research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams that may be required for admission, such as the UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific entrance exams.
• Enhance your academic profile by participating in research projects, publishing papers, or presenting at conferences.
• Build a strong recommendation letter portfolio by reaching out to professors or mentors who can attest to your academic abilities and research potential.
• Seek out scholarships, fellowships, or research grants offered by government bodies, universities, or funding agencies to fund your Ph.D.
• Familiarize yourself with the research facilities, laboratories, and resources available at the institutions you are considering.
• Attend research seminars, workshops, and conferences related to your field to stay updated with the latest developments and network with researchers.
• Develop good communication and writing skills, as they are essential for presenting research findings and publishing papers.
• Create a well-structured and feasible research proposal that clearly outlines your research objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.
• Be prepared for interviews or presentations as part of the selection process, where you may need to defend your research proposal or discuss your academic background.
• Gain teaching experience by assisting professors or taking up teaching assignments to enhance your profile for future academic positions.
• Connect with current Ph.D. students or alumni of the institutions you are interested in to gain insights into the program and research environment.
• Stay updated with any changes in the rules, regulations, or policies related to Ph.D. admissions in India.
• Develop a strong work ethic and time management skills, as PhD programs require dedication, self-discipline, and long hours of research.
• Consider the location and infrastructure of the institution, ensuring it suits your research needs and provides a conducive environment for learning.
• Explore interdisciplinary opportunities and collaborations to broaden your research scope and gain different perspectives.
• Discuss funding options and financial support with the institutions you are applying to, and be prepared to seek external funding if necessary.
• Keep track of your research progress and maintain regular communication with your supervisor or mentor.
• Attend preparatory courses or workshops on research methodology or academic writing to enhance your research skills.
• Finally, be passionate, persistent, and proactive in pursuing your PhD dream. Embrace the challenges, stay motivated, and enjoy the journey of knowledge creation.

Remember, each institution may have its specific requirements and procedures, so it’s crucial to carefully review their official websites or contact the admissions offices for accurate and up-to-date information.

10 Steps to Join PhD in India

Here are 10 steps to join a PhD program in India:

• Research your field: Explore different research areas and identify your specific field of interest for pursuing a PhD in India.
• Shortlist institutions: Identify universities or research institutes in India that offer PhD programs in your chosen field.
• Review eligibility criteria : Check the eligibility requirements of the institutions you are interested in, including minimum educational qualifications and entrance exam scores.
• Prepare application documents: Gather the necessary documents, such as academic transcripts, recommendation letters, statement of purpose (SOP), and research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams: If required, prepare for entrance exams like UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific exams. Familiarize yourself with the syllabus and exam pattern.
• Apply to institutions: Submit your applications to the shortlisted institutions within the specified deadlines. Pay attention to the required application fees and submission procedures.
• Attend interviews (if applicable): Some institutions may conduct interviews or presentations to assess your research aptitude and fit for the program. Prepare well for these interactions.
• Secure funding: Explore funding opportunities such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants. Check if the institutions offer any financial support or external funding options.
• Accept an offer : After receiving acceptance letters from the institutions you applied to, carefully evaluate and select the most suitable offer based on research facilities, faculty expertise, funding, and overall fit.
• Complete admission formalities: After accepting an offer, complete the necessary admission formalities as specified by the institution. This may include submitting additional documents, paying fees, and fulfilling any other requirements.

It’s important to note that the specific steps and procedures may vary between institutions. Therefore, always refer to the official websites and admission guidelines of the institutions you are applying to for accurate and up-to-date information.

Pursuing a PhD in India is a rewarding and intellectually stimulating endeavor. Understanding the duration, costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments is crucial to navigating the process effectively.

By considering these factors and conducting thorough research, aspiring Ph.D. scholars can embark on their academic journey confidently and clearly.

Remember to contact universities or institutions directly for specific information and seek guidance from mentors or faculty members who can provide valuable insights into the PhD application process in your chosen field. Good luck with your Ph.D. pursuit!

Also Read: Best 100 Institutions to Study PhD in India – 2024

• doctoral studies
• Ph.D. admission
• Ph.D. costs
• Ph.D. duration
• Ph.D. eligibility
• Ph.D. in India
• Ph.D. programs
• Ph.D. updates
• PhD Admission
• PhD Admissions in India
• PhD in India
• pursuing Ph.D.
• research scholars in India

Strategies to End the Science Nobel Drought in India

Ethnographic research examples: exploring cultures through immersive study, top 100 journal publications in the world 2024, most popular, top 7 artificial intelligence (ai) tools in scientific research 2024, ugc phd excellence citation to recognize outstanding research, why mahatma gandhi never won the nobel prize for peace, nomination and selection of nobel prize laureates, the roadmap to nobel prize-worthy research, annas archive – download research papers for free, advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research methodologies, 150+ cutting-edge chemical engineering research topics, best for you, 24 best online plagiarism checker free – 2024, what is a phd a comprehensive guide for indian scientists and aspiring researchers, popular posts, unethical journal publications, top 488 scopus indexed journals in computer science – open access, popular category.

• POSTDOC 317
• Interesting 259
• Journals 236
• Fellowship 134
• Research Methodology 103
• All Scopus Indexed Journals 94

Mail Subscription

iLovePhD is a research education website to know updated research-related information. It helps researchers to find top journals for publishing research articles and get an easy manual for research tools. The main aim of this website is to help Ph.D. scholars who are working in various domains to get more valuable ideas to carry out their research. Learn the current groundbreaking research activities around the world, love the process of getting a Ph.D.

Contact us: [email protected]

Google News

Copyright © 2024 iLovePhD. All rights reserved

• Artificial intelligence

• All Research Areas
• Agricultural Sciences
• Astronomy & Space Sciences
• Chemical Sciences
• Cognitive Sciences and Psychology
• Computer Sciences and IT
• COVID-19 Research
• Earth, Atmosphere & Environment Sciences
• Energy Sciences
• Engineering Sciences
• Life Sciences & Biotechnology
• Mathematical Sciences
• Material Sciences
• Medical Sciences
• Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Physical Sciences
• Traditional Knowledge
• Other Areas
• Institutional
• International
• Grants for Seminar and Conferences
• Startup Grants
• Ministries & Departments
• Centres of Excellence
• Thematic Centres
• Centres of Higher Learning
• National Academies
• Statewise S&T Organisations
• Industry Related Associations
• Laboratories
• International Organisations
• Civil Societies
• Science Centres & Planetaria
• All Programmes & Schemes
• Research and Development
• Human Resource and Development
• Women Schemes
• International Programmes
• Societal Development
• Academia Industry Partnerships
• School Students
• Graduate Students
• Post Graduate Students
• PhD Scholars
• Post Doctoral Fellowships
• Scholarships for Women
• Faculty and Scientists
• National Fellows
• Grassroot Innovations
• Industrial Innovations
• All Technologies
• Agricultural Technology
• COVID-19 Technology
• Earth, Atmosphere & Env. Sciences
• Rural Technologies

Fellowships & Scholarships

Nurturing minds menu.

• Post Doctoral Fellows
• All National Fellows
• Abdul Kalam Technology Innovation National Fellowship
• J C Bose Fellowship
• SERB - Star Awardees
• SwarnaJayanti Fellowship
• Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize
• SERB - National Science Chair
• SERB - Women Excellence Award
• SERB Distinguished Fellowship

Prime Minister Research Fellowship (PMRF)

Funding agency: ministry of human resource development (mhrd), govt. of india, area: all science disciplines, purpose: capacity building, innovations, research, related links.

PhD in India- Fees, Duration, Scholarship and Universities

In this article, we are covering topics on- PhD in India, fees structure, entrance exams, admission procedure and other related information. Also, we will enlist courses and universities for doing PhD in India. Further, we will cover how to apply for a PhD scholarship in India and what are the sources. 

I personally feel that doing a PhD in India is tougher than in other countries. Why? I will explain it in this article. Wait and read till the end. 

The doctor of philosophy is the topmost degree in any education system. One should have to pass many hurdles and face numerous problems to even enter into PhD. However, for a clever and bright student, it might be an easy task. 

PhD is more than a degree, it is equivalent to some reputed award or we can say it is kind of honour. But technically speaking, you become an expert by doing a PhD . Your expertise nourished and polished during PhD and hence you become top of all.  

And because you are now some expert in some disciplines, you paid higher than others. People give you respect as well. 

This is the reason, doing a PhD is a tedious task. You can’t get a PhD easily. Therefore it is not a “cup of tea” for all. As a PhD student, you need to have great commitment and patience. You have to develop several skills during your PhD to get it smoothly. I had covered an amazing article on what skills required for PhD students. Read it first, it will help you. 

Read: PhD student-What skills and qualities one should acquire.

As I said, doing a PhD in India is not as easy as like in other countries. A candidate has to pass many steps and tedious procedure to complete it.

A candidate has to, 

• Clear an entrance exam 
• Propose a research problem 
• Complete course work 
• Write a thesis or dissertation 
• Publish a research paper 
• Attend or present their work 
• And complete the viva voce

PhD in India: 

UGC- university grant commission from Delhi held, conduct and monitor’s the entire PhD process. The UGC is the governing body for all universities across India and it is taken care of all the processes and legal problems related to PhD in India. 

The PhD degree given by the UGC approved universities are only valid in India. For that, every university has to follow the rules and regulation stated by UGC. 

You can get all the information regarding PhD on the official website of UGC. 

Requirements and Eligibility criteria: 

When you think about doing a PhD, you must have completed a master degree or postgraduate degree in your related disciplines. 

So the first criteria for doing a PhD in India is the postgraduate degree. Notably, you must have completed your undergraduate degree from a well-known university. 

Here one thing you should know about your master degree is that some universities don’t allow students with part-time master or postgraduate degree for PhD. 

So you have to complete both bachelors as well as a master degree before applying for a PhD . 

However, for some courses master of philosophy (M.phil) is also taken into consideration besides a post-graduate degree. M.Phil is not mandatory for all. 

Next, with it, as per the UGC rules and regulations, a minimum 55% marks or equivalent CGPA is required to be eligible for PhD. 

After that, a candidate has to clear the NET- national eligibility test or GATE or some equivalent entrance exam held by the university. 

NET is compulsory for all subjects besides engineering. For engineering students, GATE (gratitude aptitude test in engineering) is required. However, before that, they must have completed their M.Tech or ME.  

The NET or GATE is exclusively conducted by the university grant commission. Based on your NET or GATE score you can apply in some of the topmost universities across India. 

Students of final year or last semester of masters can appear in NET or GATE. 

The above eligibilities are required only for applying in PhD. still, you can’t get admission if you aren’t fulfilling other criteria as well.  

After they shortlisted you for PhD, you have to submit a research proposal. If your research proposal is accepted then and then they can appear for PhD. 

These are the eligibility criteria for applying in PhD in India. Conclusively, you have to start preparing for PhD in your master’s, if you are willing to do it. 

Now, imagine that you have completed all these criteria, what next? What is the exact admission procedure to actually get into PhD? Let’s check it out. 

Admission procedure for PhD in India: 

Your token for admission in PhD is your post-graduate degree and NET or entrance exam. With a minimum of 55% marks and a good score in NET, you can apply in any universities across India. 

You can fill the form now.

A candidate can apply offline or online for PhD. Universities offer a limited number of seats for each subject. Once you shortlisted, they will notify you. 

After that, you have to download the final application form, fill it and submit it to university with all the attested copies of documents. 

Documents required: 

Students have to submit attested copies of all documents and verify the original one to respected authority. The required documents are: 

• 12th mark sheet 
• Final mark sheet of graduation 
• Graduation degree certificate 
• Final mark sheet of postgraduate 
• Degree certificate of post-graduate 
• Birth certificate 
• UGC notification of clearing the NET/GATE or university entrance exam clearing certificate. 
• Cast certificate if required 
• Documents of fellowship or scholarship if any 
• M.phil degree certificate if required
• Publication if required 
• Research proposal 
• Recommendation letter from the guide. 
• No-objection certificate 
• University transfer certificate if any 
• Passport size photograph 

Attested copies of all these documents must be submitted along with the application form. Besides, a candidate has to submit the research proposal, additionally. 

The research proposal is very important, based on your research interest, PhD supervisor or guide will be allotted to you. 

Format of a research proposal: 

The research proposal is more or less a kind of synopsis which explains the overall idea of your research problem. 

Title — propose your title in which you have to include a topic and method you wish to study. Try to make it small. If possible take some expert’s help to propose your title. 

Your title is a very important element of your PhD, it will remain unchanged throughout your PhD. Hence propose a clear, catchy and self-explanatory title. 

Abstract — explain your entire topic in 250 to 300 words in the abstract. 

Introduction and review — Explain your topic and provide some basic information in the introduction, Also provide some review related to your topic. 

Aim and objective s– propose at least three different objectives to solve your research problem. 

Methodology — in this section explain the method, process, protocol or hypothesis you want to use to solve the research problem. 

Results — state some output of your research. Here you have to enlist possible results (positive as well as negative) of your research problem. 

Note: you have to give a broad idea of everything, no need to explain everything in detail. Your research proposal must be 10 to 12 pages with a title page and bibliography. 

With all these documents, a candidate has to submit university fees. 

The university sent the research proposal to the respected faculty or the guide. If any guide is interested in your research problem they will send an acceptance letter to the university. University will send you the confirmation of the allotted guide. 

After that, you have to visit your guide. Your guide will give you a recommendation letter. You have to submit it along with a form and university fees to your department. 

After you fulfil all these requirements, your admission for PhD is completed. Due to these complications, doing a PhD is actually a tedious job in India.

But, you are not a PhD student, still. I will tell you why. Wait!

Fees structure for PhD in India:

The average fees in government college or universities are ranging from 20,000 INR to 50,000 INR annually. Although it may vary. 

 PhD fees are one of the biggest problems in India because private universities charge up to 100,0000 INR per year. 

In self-finance college yearly fees ranging from 2,00,000 INR to 6,00,000 INR. You have to do your research for 5 to 7 year. Now imagine how much you have to pay. 

The fees include education fees, library fees, tuition fees and other university and laboratory charges. 

However, universities do not give you travel allowances, you have to pay yourself to travel for sample collection. 

For doing a PhD in a government university or college you have to pay around 8,000 to 10,000 INR per semester. 

Also, fellowship and scholarship options are available for some students. We will discuss it later in this article. 

Anyway, by doing some smart work and starting preparing for a PhD from day one of your master’s degree, you can easily clear NET or GATE. You can get admission in government quota easily. 

After completing all these steps and procedures, you have to decide whether you want to do a PhD part-time or full time . 

Notably, nowadays UGC offers part-time PhD only in some selected subjects and for some special cases. 

For example, If you want to do a PhD in biology, obviously you need to do research work in the lab. UGC has decided not to give part-time options in those subjects. Although, as I said in some special cases it can give. 

Some universities offer doctoral programs part-time as well. (there is a significant difference between doctorate and PhD. Read it here: Doctorate vs PhD ). 

PhD scholarship or fellowship in India: 

UGC has various scholarship and fellowship options for providing financial aid to students. If you prepare well and do some research before applying for a doctorate, you can get admission in PhD with a good amount of scholarship. 

The university gold medalist students are awarded the inspired fellowship by the university for getting a PhD. So as I said above, plan well from the first day of your master’s. 

Junior research fellowship in engineering and technology, a junior research fellowship in science, humanities and social sciences are two best options for financial aid. A candidate has to clear NET for that. With JRF-NET, you can apply to any university for a PhD. 

Besides this, UGC also provides financial aid for students of the minor community, OBC, SC and ST community. 

Maulana Azad national fellowship program is reserved for the minority students. Likewise, Rajiv Gandhi national fellowship is for SC/ST students. Also, universities give special scholarships to single girl child and women for higher education. 

Note: the purpose of giving reservation to minorities, special community (SC/ST/OBC) and women is to improve their financial and social status in society. Also, to empower and encourage the same. 

If you are not still eligible for any of the scholarship stated above. Don’t worry. There are other schemes as well. 

A candidate can propose a minor or major project to UGC. If your project is good UGC will give you funding to complete your project. 

Besides, there are other personal scholarships and fellowship options are also available at UGC. You can visit the scholarship and fellowship section of UGC here: UGC- scholarship and fellowship . 

Now the question is what amount it will pay? 

In the case of inspiring fellow students, UGC pays full fees throughout their research or PhD tenure. However, for other scholarships, the University grant commission pays a lump-sum amount of 25,000INR to 30,000INR per month. 

Duration for PhD in India: 

PhD is a length and time-consuming process. Likewise, in other countries, it takes around 3 to 5 years to complete a PhD in India. 

As per the university grant commission, candidates have to do their PhD research minimum for 3 years. Even Though your work is completed within 2 years (which is actually not possible) you still have to complete 3 years. Sometimes it takes 5 to 7 years too, for completing a PhD. 

The tenure of PhD depends on the complexity of your topics, your guides involvement and your hard work. 

As per my experience, it takes at least 4 years for a sincere student to complete a PhD. 

Structure of PhD: 

Let divide what you have to do during each year in PhD: 

In the first year, you have to complete your coursework. The coursework is based on the research methodology studies. No research work is conducted during the first year. 

Once you complete your coursework, you need to clear the coursework examination. 

Minimum 55% marks required to clear it, then after, every candidate has to submit the results to university. 

Now your PhD admission is confirmed. 

If you fail to pass the coursework, one more chance is given to you. If you fail to clear it within a year, your admission can be revoked. 

Now in the second year, you can start your research work. Initially during the second year, your major responsibilities are to collect samples, read and review research papers related to your topic and start making notes. 

Also, during the same time, you can start your lab work as well, if any. As per your guide’s instruction you can start working on your methodology. 

In the third year, you have to do extensive research work and try to complete your work within the first half of the year. Meanwhile, you need to start reviewing literature and start writing your thesis as well. During the same time, you have to attend seminars and symposiums. 

During the fourth year, you have to complete your lab work and publish a research paper too. 

Unless your research published, you can’t go ahead. Now once it is done, immediately you have to present your research at international seminars or conferences. 

In the last and fourth year, your work is done, you just have to write your thesis. Read papers and start writing your thesis. Review your thesis weekly by your supervisor. 

However, writing a PhD thesis is still tedious work. Read our guide on how to write a PhD thesis . 

In the second phase of the fourth year, you can submit your thesis (once university approved it). And you can appear for viva voce. 

At the end of the 4th year or starting of the fifth year, your viva got completed. If your thesis is not rejected or major indications are not given. 

As I said, ideally if you work sincerely you can complete your work within four years. If you fail to do so, you may have to pass a couple of more years to complete a PhD. 

Now I think you understand why doing a PhD is not a cup of tea for all. You indeed need to be more sincere and hardworking for doing it. 

PhD courses in India: 

Engineering: 

Science: 

Other specialised subjects: 

Arts and humanities: 

Management and commerce subjects: 

Other subjects: 

List of universities for doing PhD in India: 

IIT- Indian Indian Institute of technology  

Indian Institute of Technology is one of the topmost universities across India. It is a type of public technical university and established on 15 September 1956 via the Indian Institute of technology act 1956.

The IIT is located in 23 cities in India. Among all, IIT Mumbai, IIT Roorkee and IIT Varanasi are very popular. However, other cities are Jammu, Mandi, Poddar, Delhi, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Patna, Guwahati, Kharagpur, Dhanbad, Indore, Bhilai, Gandhinagar, Bhubaneswar, Hyderabad, Goa, Dharwad, Tirupati, Chennai and Palakkad. 

IIT offers a PhD in various disciplines of technology. Major PhD subjects are electronics and communication, mechanical engineering, biotechnology and chemical engineering. 

Website- Council of Indian Institute of Technology 

IISc- Indian Institute of Science 

The Indian Institute of Science was established in 1909.  It is a type of public research university situated in Bangalore. IISc is the topmost university for doing research and higher education in science and engineering in India, Affiliated with UGC, NAAC, AIU and ACU. 

PhD subjects offered by IISc: 

Biochemistry, Molecular reproduction; development and genetics, microbiology and cell biology, neuroscience, materials research, organic chemistry, mathematics, physics, computational and data science, chemical engineering, civil engineering, earth science, climate change and other. 

For more detail please visit the official website: Indian Institute of science.

IIM- Indian Institute of management  

The IIM was established to study management and related subjects in India. It is situated at Jammu, Amritsar, Sirmaur, Kashipur, Rohtak, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Shillong, Bodh Gaya, Ranchi, Calcutta, Indore, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore, Kozhikode and Tiruchirappalli.

They offer PhD programs for Finance & accounting, information system, decision science, economics and social science, marketing, production and operational management, public policy, strategy and entrepreneurship. 

Visit the official website of IIM- Indian Institute of Management .

University of Delhi 

The university of Delhi often known as Delhi University (DU) was established in 1922 by the central legislative assembly act. It is a type of collegiate public central university of India, provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses. The Delhi University offers PhD programs in various disciplines of science, commerce, arts and management. 

Visit the official website of the Delhi University for a full list of subjects offered by them: University of Delhi -list of PhD subjects.

Banaras Hindu University 

The Banaras Hindu University was established in 1916 by Mohan Malaviya with the help of Annie besant. BHU is one of the top Hindu University of India located in Varanasi, Uttarpradesh.

Interestingly, it is one of the largest residential universities in Asia with more than 30,000 students living within campus. A type of open public university BHU provides various undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD courses in various subjects. 

Major PhD subjects are Education, management studies, Sanskrit, Environment & sustainable development, Ayurveda, medicine, science, social science, dental science, Agriculture and Arts. 

Visit the official website of Banaras Hindu University for more details on various subjects offered by them- Banaras Hindu University- PhD subjects . 

PhD notification and announcements- Banaras Hindu University .

Punjab University 

Punjab University was established in 1882 as a public university. It was relocated in Chandigarh in 1947 after the partition. PU is one of the oldest universities in India.

It provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses in Arts, science, commerce and engineering. Some of the PhD programs at PU are Arts, law, medical science, Pharmaceutical science, Design & fine arts, business & management and science. 

For more detail visit the official website of Punjab University- Punjab University- PhD . 

GTU- Gujarat Technical University

GTU was established in 2007 as the governing body for technical courses, especially in Gujarat.

It is a state university which affiliated courses majorly engineering, Pharmacy and other technical subjects. GTU provides PhD programs in various subjects of engineering. 

Visit the official site of GTU- Gujarat Technical University .

University of Kerala: 

The University of Kerala was established in 1937 by Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, affiliated to UGC. Formerly It was known as the University of Travancore.

It’s situated in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Notably, It was established before the birth of Kerala state.  The university provides various PhD programs in different disciplines of science, arts and commerce. 

For more detail visit the official webpage of KU- Research Portal- Kerala university .

Besides, other well known and reputed universities are enlisted here: 

• Amity university 
• Anna university 
• Birla institute of technology and science 
• Manipal university 
• Calicut university 
• Chaudhary Charan Singh university 
• ICFAI university 
• University of Lucknow 
• Jaipur national university 
• Gujarat technical university 
• Gujarat university 
• Jawaharlal Nehru university 
• University of Calcutta 
• University of Mumbai 
• AIIMS 
• Amity school of engineering and technology 
• Chandigarh university 
• MMU, Ambala 
• Institute of microbial technology 
• PEC university of technology 

We will discuss the various PhD courses in our next articles with their fees structure, scholarship option and other information. 

Conclusion:

As I said, doing a PhD in India is a tedious process. Still, It is a good hierarchy. Fees are fair, the process is good and supervisors are talented. So for brilliant students, doing a PhD in India is a good option. Further, Due to the complexity of the process, the chance of corruption is very less.

Dr. Tushar Chauhan is a Scientist, Blogger and Scientific-writer. He has completed PhD in Genetics. Dr. Chauhan is a PhD coach and tutor.

Share this:

• Share on Facebook
• Share on Twitter
• Share on Pinterest
• Share on Linkedin
• Share via Email

About The Author

Dr Tushar Chauhan

9 thoughts on “phd in india- fees, duration, scholarship and universities”.

Hey there 🙂

Your wordpress site is very sleek – hope you don’t mind me asking what theme you’re using? (and don’t mind if I steal it? :P)

I just launched my site –also built in wordpress like yours– but the theme slows (!) the site down quite a bit.

In case you have a minute, you can find it by searching for “royal cbd” on Google (would appreciate any feedback) – it’s still in the works.

Keep up the good work– and hope you all take care of yourself during the coronavirus scare!

This theme is a version of GeneratePress.

Wow cuz this is very helpful work! Congrats and keep it up.

Hello i am kavin, its my first occasion to commenting anywhere, when i read this piece of writing i thought i could also make comment due to this good article.

These are genuinely wonderful ideas in on the topic of blogging. You have touched some nice things here. Any way keep up writing.

I pay a quick visit everyday a few web sites and sites to read posts, but this blog offers quality based articles.

Thank you for sharing superb informations. Your web-site is so cool. I am impressed by the details that you?ve on this website. It reveals how nicely you understand this subject. Bookmarked this web page, will come back for extra articles. You, my pal, ROCK! I found just the info I already searched all over the place and just could not come across. What a great site.

I don?t even know how I ended up here, but I thought this post was great. I don’t know who you are but definitely you are going to a famous blogger if you aren’t already 😉 Cheers!

This is very interesting, You’re a very skilled blogger. I have joined your feed and look forward to seeking more of your magnificent post. Also, I’ve shared your web site in my social networks!

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Notify me of follow-up comments by email.

Notify me of new posts by email.

• JEE Main Exam
• JEE Advanced Exam
• BITSAT Exam
• View All Engineering Exams
• Colleges Accepting B.Tech Applications
• Top Engineering Colleges in India
• Engineering Colleges in India
• Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
• Engineering Colleges Accepting JEE Main
• Top IITs in India
• Top NITs in India
• Top IIITs in India
• JEE Main College Predictor
• JEE Main Rank Predictor
• MHT CET College Predictor
• AP EAMCET College Predictor
• GATE College Predictor
• KCET College Predictor
• JEE Advanced College Predictor
• View All College Predictors
• JEE Advanced Cutoff
• JEE Main Cutoff
• GATE Registration 2025
• JEE Main Syllabus 2025
• Download E-Books and Sample Papers
• Compare Colleges
• B.Tech College Applications
• JEE Main Question Papers
• View All Management Exams

Colleges & Courses

• Top MBA Colleges in India
• MBA College Admissions
• MBA Colleges in India
• Top IIMs Colleges in India
• Top Online MBA Colleges in India
• MBA Colleges Accepting XAT Score
• BBA Colleges in India
• XAT College Predictor 2025
• SNAP College Predictor
• NMAT College Predictor
• MAT College Predictor 2024
• CMAT College Predictor 2025
• CAT Percentile Predictor 2024
• CAT 2024 College Predictor
• Top MBA Entrance Exams 2024
• NMAT Registration
• GD Topics for MBA
• CAT 2024 Admit Card
• Download Helpful Ebooks
• List of Popular Branches
• QnA - Get answers to your doubts
• IIM Fees Structure
• AIIMS Nursing
• Top Medical Colleges in India
• Top Medical Colleges in India accepting NEET Score
• Medical Colleges accepting NEET
• List of Medical Colleges in India
• List of AIIMS Colleges In India
• Medical Colleges in Maharashtra
• Medical Colleges in India Accepting NEET PG
• NEET College Predictor
• NEET PG College Predictor
• NEET MDS College Predictor
• NEET Rank Predictor
• DNB PDCET College Predictor
• NEET Syllabus 2025
• NEET Study Material 2024
• NEET Cut off
• NEET Exam Date 2025
• Download Helpful E-books
• Colleges Accepting Admissions
• Top Law Colleges in India
• Law College Accepting CLAT Score
• List of Law Colleges in India
• Top Law Colleges in Delhi
• Top NLUs Colleges in India
• Top Law Colleges in Chandigarh
• Top Law Collages in Lucknow

Predictors & E-Books

• CLAT College Predictor
• MHCET Law ( 5 Year L.L.B) College Predictor
• AILET College Predictor
• Sample Papers
• Compare Law Collages
• Careers360 Youtube Channel
• CLAT Syllabus 2025
• Free CLAT Practice Test
• NID DAT Exam
• Pearl Academy Exam

Predictors & Articles

• NIFT College Predictor
• UCEED College Predictor
• NID DAT College Predictor
• NID DAT 2025
• NID DAT Syllabus 2025
• Design Colleges in India
• Top NIFT Colleges in India
• Fashion Design Colleges in India
• Top Interior Design Colleges in India
• Top Graphic Designing Colleges in India
• Fashion Design Colleges in Delhi
• Fashion Design Colleges in Mumbai
• Top Interior Design Colleges in Bangalore
• NIFT Cutoff
• NIFT Fees Structure
• NIFT Syllabus 2025
• Free Sample Papers
• Free Design E-books
• List of Branches
• Careers360 Youtube channel
• IPU CET BJMC 2024
• JMI Mass Communication Entrance Exam 2024
• IIMC Entrance Exam 2024
• MICAT Exam 2025
• Media & Journalism colleges in Delhi
• Media & Journalism colleges in Bangalore
• Media & Journalism colleges in Mumbai
• List of Media & Journalism Colleges in India
• Free Ebooks
• CA Intermediate
• CA Foundation
• CS Executive
• CS Professional
• Difference between CA and CS
• Difference between CA and CMA
• CA Full form
• CMA Full form
• CS Full form
• CA Salary In India

Top Courses & Careers

• Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com)
• Master of Commerce (M.Com)
• Company Secretary
• Cost Accountant
• Charted Accountant
• Credit Manager
• Financial Advisor
• Top Commerce Colleges in India
• Top Government Commerce Colleges in India
• Top Private Commerce Colleges in India
• Top M.Com Colleges in Mumbai
• Top B.Com Colleges in India
• IT Colleges in Tamil Nadu
• IT Colleges in Uttar Pradesh
• MCA Colleges in India
• BCA Colleges in India

Quick Links

• Information Technology Courses
• Programming Courses
• Web Development Courses
• Data Analytics Courses
• Big Data Analytics Courses
• RUHS Pharmacy Admission Test
• Top Pharmacy Colleges in India
• Pharmacy Colleges in Pune
• Pharmacy Colleges in Mumbai
• Colleges Accepting GPAT Score
• Pharmacy Colleges in Lucknow
• List of Pharmacy Colleges in Nagpur
• GPAT Result
• GPAT 2024 Admit Card
• GPAT Question Papers
• NCHMCT JEE 2024
• Mah BHMCT CET
• Top Hotel Management Colleges in Delhi
• Top Hotel Management Colleges in Hyderabad
• Top Hotel Management Colleges in Mumbai
• Top Hotel Management Colleges in Tamil Nadu
• Top Hotel Management Colleges in Maharashtra
• B.Sc Hotel Management
• Hotel Management
• Diploma in Hotel Management and Catering Technology

Diploma Colleges

• Top Diploma Colleges in Maharashtra
• UPSC IAS 2024
• SSC CGL 2024
• IBPS RRB 2024
• Previous Year Sample Papers
• Free Competition E-books
• Sarkari Result
• QnA- Get your doubts answered
• UPSC Previous Year Sample Papers
• CTET Previous Year Sample Papers
• SBI Clerk Previous Year Sample Papers
• NDA Previous Year Sample Papers

Upcoming Events

• NDA 2 Admit card 2024
• SSC CGL Admit card 2024
• CDS 2 Admit card 2024
• UGC NET Admit card 2024
• HP TET Result 2024
• SSC CHSL Result 2024
• UPTET Notification 2024
• SBI PO Notification 2024

Other Exams

• SSC CHSL 2024
• UP PCS 2024
• UGC NET 2024
• RRB NTPC 2024
• IBPS PO 2024
• IBPS Clerk 2024
• IBPS SO 2024
• CBSE Class 10th
• CBSE Class 12th
• UP Board 10th
• UP Board 12th
• Bihar Board 10th
• Bihar Board 12th

Top Schools

• Top Schools in India
• Top Schools in Delhi
• Top Schools in Mumbai
• Top Schools in Chennai
• Top Schools in Hyderabad
• Top Schools in Kolkata
• Top Schools in Pune
• Top Schools in Bangalore

Products & Resources

• JEE Main Knockout April
• NCERT Notes
• NCERT Syllabus
• NCERT Books
• RD Sharma Solutions
• Navodaya Vidyalaya Admission 2024-25
• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12
• NCERT Solutions for Class 11
• NCERT solutions for Class 10
• NCERT solutions for Class 9
• NCERT solutions for Class 8
• NCERT Solutions for Class 7
• Top University in USA
• Top University in Canada
• Top University in Ireland
• Top Universities in UK
• Top Universities in Australia
• Best MBA Colleges in Abroad
• Business Management Studies Colleges

Top Countries

• Study in USA
• Study in UK
• Study in Canada
• Study in Australia
• Study in Ireland
• Study in Germany
• Study in China
• Study in Europe

Student Visas

• Student Visa Canada
• Student Visa UK
• Student Visa USA
• Student Visa Australia
• Student Visa Germany
• Student Visa New Zealand
• Student Visa Ireland
• CUET PG 2025
• UP B.Ed JEE 2024
• TS EDCET Exam
• IIT JAM 2025
• AP PGCET Exam
• Universities in India
• Top Universities in India 2024
• Top Colleges in India
• Top Universities in Uttar Pradesh 2024
• Top Universities in Bihar
• Top Universities in Madhya Pradesh 2024
• Top Universities in Tamil Nadu 2024
• Central Universities in India
• CUET DU Cut off 2024
• IGNOU Date Sheet 2024
• CUET DU CSAS Portal 2024
• CUET 2025 Syllabus
• CUET PG Syllabus 2025
• CUET Participating Universities 2025
• CUET Previous Year Question Paper
• IGNOU Result 2024
• E-Books and Sample Papers
• CUET College Predictor 2024
• CUET Exam Date 2025
• CUET Cut Off 2024
• NIRF Ranking 2024
• IGNOU Exam Form 2024
• CUET Syllabus
• CUET Counselling 2025

Engineering Preparation

• Knockout JEE Main 2024
• Test Series JEE Main 2024
• JEE Main 2024 Rank Booster

Medical Preparation

• Knockout NEET 2024
• Test Series NEET 2024
• Rank Booster NEET 2024

Online Courses

• JEE Main One Month Course
• NEET One Month Course
• IBSAT Free Mock Tests
• IIT JEE Foundation Course
• Knockout BITSAT 2024
• Career Guidance Tool

Top Streams

• IT & Software Certification Courses
• Engineering and Architecture Certification Courses
• Programming And Development Certification Courses
• Business and Management Certification Courses
• Marketing Certification Courses
• Health and Fitness Certification Courses
• Design Certification Courses
• Specializations
• Digital Marketing Certification Courses
• Cyber Security Certification Courses
• Artificial Intelligence Certification Courses
• Business Analytics Certification Courses
• Data Science Certification Courses
• Cloud Computing Certification Courses
• Machine Learning Certification Courses
• View All Certification Courses
• UG Degree Courses
• PG Degree Courses
• Short Term Courses
• Free Courses
• Online Degrees and Diplomas
• Compare Courses

Top Providers

• Coursera Courses
• Udemy Courses
• Edx Courses
• Swayam Courses
• upGrad Courses
• Simplilearn Courses
• Great Learning Courses

PhD: Course, Full Form, Duration, Eligibility, Fees, Syllabus, Entrance Exam, Scope

PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is the highest academic degree programme, mostly in every field of study. PhD curriculum covers extensive research and expertise, and research papers within a specific subject or even in an interdisciplinary subject. PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is requires at least a postgraduate degree programme, such as M.A , MSc , MTech or the students must have a great research paper with a recommendation. PhD course details vary depending on the discipline, university and guide. The guide in PhD plays a major role in suggestions and recommending the study material as well as helping them with new ideas.

Latest: Top Ph.d Colleges in India

Don't Miss: UGC NET Previous Year Question Papers

• What is a PhD Full Form?

PhD Course Details - Key Highlights

Phd fees structure.

• Why Choose PhD?

PhD Eligibility Criteria

Phd admission process, phd entrance exams, phd syllabus and subjects, phd specializations, what after phd, career opportunities after phd, salary after phd degree, top private phd colleges in india, top government phd colleges in india.

PhD course requires a high level of dedication, intellectual rigour, and perseverance. Graduates with a PhD or Doctor of Philosophy are recognised as experts in their preferred field, and it opens doors to multiple fields, such as academia, research institutions, and government-funded research programmes. Students who have completed PhD degree programmes are called “Doctors” and can use Dr. as a prefix before their name. In this article, we will discuss, PhD course details, such as PhD course duration, PhD course eligibility, PhD subjects, PhD course duration, PhD eligibility criteria, PhD admission process.

What is a PhD Full Form ?

PhD full form is Doctor of Philosophy is a doctoral degree programme with a duration of three to six years. PhD degree can be pursued in almost any field such as English, Maths, Physics Linguistics, and Comparative Literature. Students can also pursue Ph.D. in interdisciplinary subjects, and they need to make a good research paper to apply directly to various universities.

PhD course fees differ from one university to another and generally depend on the institute, and specialisation. Before enrolling in any particular university, candidates should check the PhD admission process, PhD eligibility criteria and PhD course fees. Students who get the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) will not pay the fees whereas they will get the scholarship for pursuing PhD degree. JRF for the Humanities, Social Science and Science subjects is Rs. 25,000 for the initial two years and Rs. 28,000 for the remaining tenure which is SRF (Senior Research Fellowship).

Why Choose PhD ?

A PhD degree offers a wide range of career opportunities for strengthening knowledge and expertise. PhD degree provides knowledge in a chosen field of study. Ph.D allows students to become experts in their niche, by providing various skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills. PhD can open doors for various careers and employment options in multiple fields, such as academia, research, and government agencies, with good salary packages. Choosing a PhD can provide students with a lot of scope and also lifelong learning, intellectual growth, and a unique avenue for personal and professional growth.

Students also liked

• Online Degree and Diploma Courses
• Online Free Courses and Certifications
• Online Short Term Courses and Certifications
• Online Certification Courses
• View List of all Online Courses and Certifications
• Top Certification Course Providers

Students who want to pursue a PhD programme should have the required eligibility criteria. The detailed eligibility criteria for pursuing a PhD are given below.

• Students who have a master's degree are eligible for admission into the Ph.D. programmes.
• Students have to qualify for the national level examinations like National Eligibility Test for Lectureship (NET) conducted by NTA .
• Final admission is offered on the basis of the interview and research proposal.
• If candidates want to pursue PhD in the field of Engineering and Technology, he/she has to qualify for GATE, GATE, UGC-NET, and CSIR-UGC-NET with good marks. Also, for admission to Ph.D. Engineering, candidates should complete their degree in M.Tech/M.E in any branch of engineering .

Skill Required for PhD Degree

PhD or Doctor of Philosophy degree in India requires students to develop a lot of skills to succeed academically. Skills might vary depending on the chosen specialisation. In the table below, we have mentioned some of the essential skills required for a Ph.D. degree.

Admissions in some universities are offered on the basis of students' merit in the entrance examination although few universities provide admission based on the research proposal and the interview process.

• PhD admission process is available both online and offline.
• If a candidate is applying to a university, he/she should download the application form online from the official website of the university.
• Applicants need to fill out the UGC NET or other entrance examination forms and appear for it.
• They should have a research proposal based on which universities can shortlist the candidates.
• After qualifying the examinations, candidates can appear for the interview round and pursue the PhD degree programme.

UGC NET: University Grants Commission National Eligibility Test or UGC NET is a national-level entrance test conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). UGC NET is conducted by NTA, twice a year for admission in doctoral programmes.

CSIR UGC NET : CSIR UGC Test for JRF and Eligibility for Lectureship or CSIR UGC NET is a national-level entrance examination conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission to Ph.D. degree programmes.

PhD subjects and syllabus can vary from one university to another along with the specialisation. PhD subjects will be different based on the area of the study, as it depends on the research proposal, the guide and the students. Based on the mentioned factors, further study will be done although the first two semesters will be similar for the main subject. In the table below, we have mentioned the PhD English syllabus of Presidency University.

In the table below, we have mentioned the syllabus for PhD Mathematics of Manonmaniam Sundaranar University.

There are various specialisations an individual can opt for PhD course programme. Some of the PhD specialisations are popular among those who are interested in entering higher education. Naming few of them are:

• PhD in Management
• PhD in Physics
• PhD in Computer Science
• PhD in Economics
• PhD in Mathematics
• PhD Microbiology

After completing a PhD degree programme students have a wide range of career options. Many graduates choose academia and become professors or research associates at universities and colleges. Professor teach, write research papers, and journals, and mentor students. Some graduates enter various industries such as technology, healthcare, or finance, contributing to innovation and problem-solving. Government agencies and non-profit organisations also seek PhD holders for policy analysis, consulting, and advocacy roles.

In this section, we have mentioned the careers that can be pursued after completing PhD degree programme.

University Professor/ Lecturer : After pursuing PhD, graduates can become university professors or lecturers. They teach and conduct research in their respective fields and are responsible for mentoring students, curriculum development, and publishing research papers.

Research Scientist : Research scientists are professionals who work in various sectors, including academia, technology, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and government research institutions. They research, write the thesis and publish the findings in the journals.

Consultant/Advisor: Consultants or advisors conduct market research and solve complex problems and provide solutions to clients. They provide expert advice to their clients and join major financial companies such as McKinsey, Boston Consulting Group, and Deloitte.

Top Recruiters

• Research Institutes
• Government Departments
• Academic Institutions
• Colleges and Universities

PhD salary depends on various factors such as the specialisations and college reputation, work experience, experience in the particular field, location of work, and skill sets. Below, we have mentioned the PhD salary.

In India, there are a number of private colleges that offer PhD degrees. Private universities are significantly more expensive than public universities. Some of the top private PhD colleges and the PhD fees are mentioned in the table below:

Government-run college is less expensive than private college and are well known for their high academic standards throughout India. The following are some of the best government PhD colleges and also PhD fees:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Candidates should have a master’s degree in any discipline to get an admission to Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy).

Yes, candidates have to appear for the national level examination or the entrance examination conducted by the particular university/college.

Ph.D. holder has the opportunity to become researcher, scientist, professor, journalist, independent consultant, human services worker, editor, critic, lecturer etc. A Ph.D. holder can also apply for a job in the finance sector, public sector etc.

There is a chance for Ph.D. graduates to work in other countries. If you are a Ph.D. graduate, any company will take you as right now Ph.D.is the highest level of academic degree anyone can earn so for the companies, you are the expert in the subject.

The duration of Ph.D. is usually between 2 to 7 years depending on the field you are researching.

The prominent universities which offer a degree in Ph.D. are Amity University, Noida, Tata institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Institute of Genetic Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, KCG college of Technology, Chennai, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, Chennai Mathematical Institute, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI).

• Latest Articles

Certifications By Top Providers

• Most Viewed

Explore Top Universities Across Globe

• Universities
• Popular Articles

Popular Courses and Specializations

Popular degrees, popular branches.

• Computer Science Engineering

Popular Courses

• MBA in Banking & Finance Management Course: Eligibility, Fees, Admission, Syllabus, Subjects, Scope
• MBA in International Business Course, Admissions, Eligibility, Syllabus, Fees, Career
• MBA in Logistics and Supply Chain Management Course, Admission, Colleges, Fees, Syllabus
• MBA in Digital Marketing: Course, Admission 2024, Fees, Syllabus, Entrance Exams, Colleges, Scope
• MBA IT-Systems Management Course, Subjects, Exams, Admission, Colleges, Fees, Career

List of Ph.D colleges

• Affiliated Colleges
• Notable Alumni
• Courses & Fees

Related E-books & Sample Papers

Ts pgecet ece syllabus.

680 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Geo-Engineering and Geo-Informatics Syllabus

92 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Textile Technology syllabus

46 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Pharmacy syllabus

575 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Nanotechnology syllabus

59 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Mining Engineering syllabus

Ts pgecet 2024 metallurgical engineering syllabus.

24 + Downloads

TS PGECET Mechanical Engineering syllabus

105 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Instrumentation Engineering Syllabus

20 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Food Technology syllabus

40 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Environmental Management syllabus

42 + Downloads

TS PGECET 2024 Electrical Engineering syllabus

240 + Downloads

Questions related to Ph.D

The following are the universities of Odisha that deal with integrated MA+PhD courses in Political Science:

Government Universities:

• Utkal University, Bhubaneswar: Utkal University is one of those many universities offering several integrated courses like Political Science because of its high quality research courses.
• Sambalpur University, Sambalpur: Deals with a number of integrated programs with the department of Political Science conducting research and advanced studies.
• Berhampur University, Berhampur: Integrate programs in different disciplines, and it puts specific emphasis on research in Political Science.

Private Universities:

• Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar : KIIT integrates programs and focuses significantly on School of Humanities and Social Sciences.
• Xavier University, Bhubaneswar: Provides a host of social sciences programs and especially Political Science, focusing on research and more practical experience.
• Sri Sri University, Cuttack: It has a program in political science that offers options for integrated MA+PhD.

Do check the specific eligibility criteria and admission processes for each of the above universities!

Hello there,

To pursue a PhD in Hindi in 2025, you will need to follow these steps for studying and admission: 1. Eligibility Criteria:

• Educational Qualification: A Master's degree in Hindi or a related field (like literature, linguistics, or Indian languages) with at least 55% marks from a recognized university.
• Relaxation for Reserved Categories: Candidates from SC/ST/OBC/PwD categories may get 5% relaxation in minimum marks.
• NET/SET Qualification (Optional): While many universities require UGC NET or SET qualification in Hindi, some may conduct their own entrance exam for PhD admissions. 2. Identify Universities:

Look for universities that offer a PhD in Hindi . Some top institutions include:

• Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) – New Delhi
• University of Delhi – New Delhi
• Banaras Hindu University (BHU) – Varanasi
• Jamia Millia Islamia (JMI) – New Delhi
• Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) – Aligarh
• Calcutta University – Kolkata 3. Admission Process:
• Entrance Exam : Most universities conduct their own entrance exam for PhD admissions. If you qualify UGC NET (Hindi), you might be exempt from the entrance test and eligible for direct admission.
• Research Proposal : Prepare a research proposal in Hindi on your area of interest, as this is usually a key requirement during admission.
• Personal Interview : Shortlisted candidates typically attend a personal interview where they discuss their research interests. 4. Important Dates (2025 Admissions):
• Application Form : Universities release their PhD application forms around March-June .
• Entrance Exam : Entrance exams are generally held in June-August .
• Interviews and Final Selection : These may take place around September-October . 5. Preparation:
• Focus on Hindi literature, language, history , and your proposed research area.
• Review past entrance exam papers from various universities and read relevant books to strengthen your knowledge.

Following this path will guide you toward a successful PhD admission in Hindi for the 2025 academic year.

I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries then feel free to share your questions with us we will be happy to assist you.

Thank you and wishing you all the best for your bright future.

Hello aspirant, Please specify that about which particular college you want to know about. However,

Duration of PhD: The duration of a PhD program in India typically ranges from 3 to 5 years, depending on the nature of the research and the progress made by the candidate.

Fees Structure: The fees for PhD programs can vary significantly among different colleges. It's advisable to check the specific fees structure of the colleges you're considering.

Entrance Exam: The entrance exam required for admission to a PhD program can vary depending on the college.

Additional Tips:

• Research the faculty members and their research interests to find a potential supervisor who aligns with your research goals.
• Attend information sessions or open days organized by the colleges to learn more about the programs and the admission process.
• Prepare well for the entrance exam and interview to increase your chances of admission.
• Explore funding opportunities, such as fellowships or scholarships, to help cover the cost of your PhD studies. I hope you got this.

Here are some options to take into consideration if you're having problems locating previous JNU MPhil/PhD entrance exam papers for Korean on the JNU website:

Academic Divisions: Get in touch with the JNU Department of Language, Literature, and Culture Studies directly. They might be able to direct you to where you can locate past papers or have archives of them.

Library Resources: Consult the libraries in your department or the JNU central library. They can assist you in accessing old exam papers or often maintain records of them.

Student Forums and Groups: Search for JNU-related social media pages or online forums. Former and current students may have access to old papers and frequently share materials.

Online Education Portals: A few educational forums or webpages gather and disseminate previous test results. sites similar to A cademia.

The following procedures are usually involved in the Ph.D. admissions process in zoology:

Procedure for Admission:

Qualifications:

a minimal percentage (typically 55% or similar CGPA) in a Master's degree in zoology or a related subject.

Admission Test:

Candidates must meet the requirements of several universities in order to be admitted, such as the UGC NET or CSIR NET, or other university-specific admission exams.

You can apply in person or online using the university's application portal.

Send in the necessary paperwork, such as recommendation letters, research proposals, and g rade sheets.

Conversation: Candidates that made the short list might need to show up for an interview with the selection committee or faculty. Offer of Admission: Those that are accepted receive an offer of admission and have to finish the registration process. Course Payments: Fee Schedule: Depending on the university, the course costs for a Ph.D. in Zoology might vary significantly, from about INR 20,000 to INR 1,00,000 annually. In comparison to private universities, fees at government universities are typically lower. Additional Costs: Take into account the price of research supplies, lab work, and other related costs. For exact pricing structures and full admissions procedures—which can vary—it is preferable to visit the website of the particular university.

Download Careers360 App's

Regular exam updates, QnA, Predictors, College Applications & E-books now on your Mobile

Certifications

We Appeared in

• हिन्दी │ Eng

• Accreditation
• Press Media
• Arts & Science
• Agriculture Sciences
• Architecture
• Business / Management
• Biotechnology

Engineering

• Mass Communication
• Health Sciences
• Nanoscience
• Social Work
• Interdisciplinary Studies
• Spiritual & Cultural Studies
• Introduction to Hinduism
• Essence of Hinduism
• Mahabharata Upanayanam
• B.COM – Bachelor of Commerce
• M.COM – Master of Commerce
• MCA (Specialization: Artificial Intelligence)
• BBA – Bachelor of Business Administration
• MBA – Master of Business Administration
• MCA (Specialization: Cybersecurity)
• BCA – Bachelor of Computer Application
• MCA – Master of Computer Application
• Publications
• International
• M. Tech. in Automotive Engineering -
• Fellowship in Lower Limb Arthroplasty -

From the news

• XIX International Conference on Public Policy & Management hosted by the Centre for Public Policy (CPP) at IIM Bangalore
• The India Century: Amrita Faculty Participate in the NDTV World Summit 2024
• An Archeotechnological innovation orchestrating a sustainable architecture towards functional food contact metallic surfaces for the indigent and ethno-classical art theatre percussion instruments 
• Development of electro active polymer-based hybrid nano- composite nano generator for biomedical applications 

Doctoral Programs

Doctoral programs at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham are designed to develop outstanding educational researchers with a wide range of research skills as well as in-depth knowledge and practical understanding and expertise in their chosen field of educational research.

Programs Offered

• Research Topics
• Eligibility & Process
• Dual Degree
• Amrita Advantage

Doctoral programs at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham are designed to develop outstanding educational researchers with a wide range of research skills as well as in-depth knowledge and practical understanding and expertise in their chosen field of educational research. Candidates seeking admission can enroll in the Amrita campuses at Amaravati, Amritapuri, Bengaluru, Coimbatore, Kochi, Mysuru and Chennai.

Eligible candidates shall be provided a variety of research and teaching assistant scholarships.Amrita has a pool of outstanding faculty with Doctorate from globally known Institutions and Universities who continuously engage in research with partners across the world.

Candidates with UGC-NET (including JRF), UGC-CSIR NET (including JRF), SLET, GATE, teacher fellowship holder or have passed M.Phil Program (with the required criteria) are exempted from Entrance Test but are required to pass Ph. D. course work and other conditions laid down by Amrita for the award of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

At a Glance

Important Note

2025 january intake admissions open.

• Electronics and Communication Engineering
• Computer Science and Engineering

Physical Sciences

• Mathematics
• Organizational Behavior and Human Resources
• General Management
• Sociology of Management
• Information Systems
• Management Strategy
• Sustainable Development

Arts, Humanities & Commerce

• English Language and Literature
• Philosophy \ Spirituality
• Electrical and Electronics Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Cyber Security
• Earth Sciences
• Wireless Networks & Applications
• Biomedical Engineering & AI
• Neural Engineering

Life Sciences

• Computational & Cognitive Neuroscience

Arts Humanities & Commerce 

• Commerce and Management
• Special Education and Assistive Technology

Physical Sciences 

• Environmental Sciences
• Social and Behavioral Sciences
• Social Sciences and Technology
• Cognitive Sciences and Technology

Artificial Intelligence

• Internet Studies & Artificial Intelligence
• Dravyagunavijnana
• Prasuti Tantra and Stri Roga
• Public Health and Healthcare Management
• Data Analytics
• Public Policy
• Entrepreneurship
• Education Management
• Healthcare Management
• Business Analytics
• Computational Engineering & Networking
• Chemical Engineering
• Aerospace Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Philosophy/ Spirituality
• Communication
• Environmental Science
• Food Science and Nutrition

Social & Behavioral Sciences

• Social and Behavioural Sciences

Medical Sciences

• Medical and Health Sciences
• Computer Science and IT
• Information Technology
• Public Health
• Visual Media and Communication
• Visual Media
• Commerce & Management
• Computer Science
• Bio Sciences

Doctoral Program Call Letter July 2024 Admission (Mid Admission)

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS, Faridabad Campus, invites applications for Full-Time and Part-Time PhD Admission in Medical And Health Sciences for the academic year 2024 (Mid-admission).

The last date of submission of the duly filled Application Form is July 11, 2024. The application should be submitted by email to the Coordinator, PG studies, AIMS Faridabad at [email protected]

Applicants are requested to download the attached form, fill it, paste a recent passport photograph and scan the form along with required enclosures. Please mail the scanned document (scan as one PDF document) to the above email ID with “Doctoral Program 2024” as the mail subject heading. Please bring the hard copy of the form and all supporting documents when appearing for the admission exam.

The admission exam shall be conducted as per following schedule Exam Date: July 18, 2024 Theory Paper: 11:30 AM – 12:30 PM Interview: 2:00 PM – 5:00 PM

The theory paper shall consist of 10 short answer questions on the basics of research methodology and biostatistics. The candidate must answer 7 of the 10 questions. Each answer shall have a maximum score of 5 marks. The interview shall be of 15 marks where the candidates aptitude for research and subject expertise shall be explored.

Please note that candidates have to identify a Thesis Advisor (guide) at AIMS, Faridabad, get a letter of willingness from her/him and submit it along with the application form on/before 11 July 24. The details of available thesis advisors of seven departments. You may contact them directly.

Kindly check the Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham website for any information needed. Further queries may be directed via email to the Coordinator PG studies, AIMS, Faridabad.

Research Topics  

Faculty members at Amrita welcome passionate scholars to study for a PhD in one of their areas of research interest. Visit the research topics page to know more details

How to Apply

Candidates interested to study various research areas at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham can apply through the details given below:

Eligibility & Process

• NET qualification; If no NET then the following are used:
• PG degree percentage greater than 65%;
• For PhD in Engineering, a candidate seeking admission after a 4 year/ 8 semester Bachelor’s degree with Research should have a minimum CGPA of 7.5/10.
• Research publication or conference presentation;
• Interview score greater than 70%
• Entrance exam/Online interview

Full Time PhD

• Applicants holding a Master’s degree are eligible to apply for admission. Examples of Master’s degree include: ME, M. Tech., M. Sc., MCA, M. Com., MFA, MJMC, MSW, MBA, MS by Research and MPhil.
• All applicants are expected to have strong academic records.

Part Time PhD

• Applicants who have a full-time appointment at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham or at another academic/ R&D organization are eligible to apply for part-time admission.
• Other eligibility requirements of such applicants are same as full time applicants.
• Part Time students are permitted to proceed at a slower pace in completing their doctoral requirements.

Integrated PhD

• In order to encourage exceptional students in Bachelor’s and Master’s programs at Amrita, students are allowed to pursue Ph.D, and can be considered for Integrated Ph.D. admission.
• Completion of undergraduate degree is mandatory for such applicants.

Dual Degree PhD

• Applications for dual degree admissions are solicited as and when opportunities for such admissions become available at the International Partner University (IPU).
• Candidates with Fellowships from national institutions like UGC NET and CSIR.
• Candidates working in Research Centre / Funded Project.
• Candidates with International Scholarships.
• Candidates with Fellowships/ Scholarships from Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham.
• Self Funded Research Scholars.
• Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Research and Teaching Assistants.
• Sponsored candidates from Governmental, Semi Governmental and recognized Private Institutions.
• Chancellor’s Scholarship
• Dean’s Fellowship
• International Scholarships
• Industry Sponsored Scholarships
• Research and Teaching Assistant Scholarships
• Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham PhD Scholarship – From Rs. 10,000 to 30,000 per month stipend alone. Additional support for research infrastructure, facilities and publications.
• Visvesvaraya Scholarship – Upto Rs. 43000 per month stipend alone. Additional support for research infrastructure, facilities and publications.

Click here for details

• International Internships – Additional stipends during International internships at Partner universities in Europe, Australia, Asia and US

Program Fee

Dual Degree Programs

The amrita advantage.

At Amrita students work closely with the faculty who become their mentors, advisors and friends. Our faculty aims to provide holistic education to students, strives to structure their skills, helping them to reflect on real-world issues by thinking critically, allowing them to channelize their skills to be used in real life scenarios, by giving them optimal industrial and academic exposure. To achieve this, faculty combines modern state-of-the-art equipments and teaching techniques with time tested ancient techniques like Yoga and Meditation for keeping the body, mind and spirit in harmony and in sync, carving the students into self sustainable individuals, rich in mental strength and human values. Candidates interested in learning yoga, music and musical instruments like Tabala, Harmonium, etc are provided with opportunities to learn, and master them in Amrita Campuses. Those interested in social and philanthropic services will relish their life here, where they encounter innumerous opportunities to quench their thirst for selfless service.

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, has been awarded the Number One Rank in the ‘Technical Institutions’ category in the Swachhta Rankings 2017 & 2018 released by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. This ranking is based on a sustainability audit focusing on campus greenery, cleanliness and maintenance, toilet adequacy in campus, tree planting and community outreach in promoting Swachh culture.

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham has always given paramount importance to research. Amrita is a partner in various international bilateral governmental research programs and initiatives, such as Indo-US Initiative (Cyber Security, Cyber Crimes,) Cyber Forensics), Indo-European Union (Erasmus Mundus, India4EU programs), Indo-Japan Initiative in Wireless Networks & Applications. It has links with 20 US universities for research into areas such as robotics and cyber security, and further associations with European and Japanese institutions. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham also has research partnerships with many premier government research bodies like ISRO, DRDO, BARC etc. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham also operates 60 + state-of-the-art research centers in many emerging and frontier areas in Biotechnology, Cyber-Security, Engineering, Green-Technologies, Humanitarian-Robotics-HCI, Learning-Technologies, Management, Medical-Sciences, Nanoscience, Social-Sciences-Women-Empowerment and Wireless.

Over the years, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham has developed working relationship with many of the best universities in the world. Amrita collaborates with many renowned foreign universities in many diverse fields of knowledge like engineering, security, communication, medicine and social sciences. In addition to the advantages of shared research efforts, such collaborations helps the universities to benefit from each other’s expertise in field of research, and helps to gains access to new technologies and partners. These collaborations are effective in deepening the knowledge and skills of both students and faculty. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham has working collaborations with many leading international Universities like University of Buffalo, New York, University of New Mexico, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Vrije University, Amsterdam, University of L’Aquila (Italy), University of Louisiana, Lafayette (USA), University of Oakland, Michigan, TELECOM School of Management (France), National llan University, Taiwan, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech (UPC), Uppsala University, Sweden, University of Twente, Netherlands, University of Trento, Italy, Politecnico Di Milano, Italy, to name a few. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham also holds the No.1 rank in India for its International Faculty ratio as per ‘Times Higher Education World University Ranking.

Amrita Tie-ups with 400+ Industries to set up innovation labs, thingQbators etc., to boost innovation, and to help students in gaining skills that equip them as the future leaders.

Dual Degree Programs at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is an academically attractive alternative to traditional methods of study, where the students from Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham can undertake their graduate coursework towards two separate degrees, simultaneously, usually completing the course in just two years, giving them an opportunity to earn their second degree from an internationally recognized institution in the U.S. or Europe.

Amrita students are strongly encouraged to supplement their current academic experience by participating in a student exchange program with one of our partner universities. Through our semester exchange program (one or two semesters), Amrita aims to provide students with a meaningful overseas educational experience.

Placements at Amrita have always been excellent. Students who are eligible and opted for placements have more than one job offer, on an average. Placements are facilitated by enhancing industry-academia association through frequent visits, interactions with the top management and facilitation of Faculty Development Programs, Student Visits, Industrial Training, and Project Guidance under Corporate Action Plan.

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham provides world class entrepreneurship opportunities to its students through Amrita Technology Business Incubator (Amrita TBI) and Amrita Centre for Entrepreneurship. In 2017, Amrita TBI won the National Award for the Best Technology Business Incubator in India from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.

Past Events

Webinar on Challenges of AI for Portable Real-time Signal Processing Applications and VLSI Implementation

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Challenges of AI for Portable Real-time Signal Processing Applications and VLSI Implementation on October 12, 2022, from 04.00 pm to 05.00 pm.

Webinar on Computational Fluid Dynamics

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Computational Fluid Dynamics on October 8, 2022, from 04.00 pm to 05.00 pm.

Webinar on Materials for Organic Solar Cells and Battery Applications

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Materials for Organic Solar Cells and Battery Applications on August 31, 2022, from 03.00 pm to 04.00 pm.

Webinar on Intelligent Power and Energy Systems

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Intelligent Power and Energy Systems on August 29, 2022, from 04.00 pm to 05.00 pm.

Webinar on Microgrid Network- Transition towards Smartgrid

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Microgrid Network- Transition towards Smartgrid on August 26, 2022, from 02.00 pm to 03.00 pm.

Webinar on Water and Thermal Management in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell- A CFD Approach

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Water and Thermal Management in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell- A CFD Approach on August 25, 2022, from 03.00 pm to 04.00 pm.

Webinar on Inference of Gene Regulatory Network: An Application of AI

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham is organizing a Webinar on Inference of Gene Regulatory Network: An Application of AI on August 20, 2022, from 11.00 am to 12.00 am.

What is your plan after Ph.D.?

• You have to spend time in networking with academicians, teaching students, attending conferences.
• Develop your teaching skills through your experience and inspire the students with your passion.
• You have to spend time collaborating with Industries, visiting various industries, and participating in industrial conferences related to your area.
• You can find real time problems in industries and work on it to give a solution which will be a real value addition to your Ph.D. and career.
• You have to spend time finding customer pain points, participating in start up events, patenting an innovation and making a business plan
• Network with people having entrepreneurial interest. Entrepreneurship is not a one man show. Find a Co-Founder through networking who is highly motivated and committed in your ideas.

Doing high impact research

• Doing high impact research is a perquisite of you Ph.D.
• Spend more time in labs, experiments and testing your research to gain a deep knowledge in your research area.
• Add insights that you gained through your studies distinguishes your research work and makes it unique.

Communicating your work

• Communicating your research contribution to the research community is important.
• Communication of your research work can be done by writing blogs, doing vlogs. Do these communications regularly as this will help you to stand out and learn a lot.
• Publish research papers in articles and journals consistently.
• As you begin your Ph.D. journey, you are finding your own way out to give new research insights in your area and there is no clear route map. Your first paper is your first milestone towards in your route towards your Ph.D. destination. So, it is important for you to reach your first milestone.
• As you pursue your Ph.D., your opportunities, and possibilities to learn in endless. However, publishing your first paper helps you to align you towards your research area keeps you focused by avoiding what is unnecessary. So, it is high time that your efforts go into one direction of your research area.
• As your make your first publication, you show how serious you are in your research. You become visible to the research community and you build an image for yourself with your research. So, go out and build an image for yourself.
• Motivation is the key to anything and it is vital to stay motivated in your entire journey of your Ph.D. graduation. Your first publication will give you a great confidence and motivation than anything or anyone can give you during your Ph.D. journey. So, it is important to keep working to publish your first paper as a graduate.
• As one starts his research, your opportunities to contribute to the research world is endless. As you make your first contribution, it motivates you to contribute more research work.

Motivation is the key driver for you to complete you Ph.D. Many a times researchers lose their motivation due to various reason as the results are not tangible or visible to you despite doing a ton of hard work for a significant duration of time. Also, it is difficult for your family and friends to motivate you as they may not be able to understand what you are experiencing. So, it is your responsibility to keep your energy, momentum, and motivation throughout your Ph.D. journey. This motivation can be sustained and your confidence in research can be increased during your research by developing certain habits and doing a few activities.

• Record your daily activities in a journal
• Review it every week
• A research journal gives you a view of your direction.
• When you lose your motivation, it will show you how far you have travelled and keeps you motivated.
• When you feel lost, it helps you to redirect and get on track.
• Most importantly when you are making your thesis, you can make 200–300-page manuscript with it.
• Investing a few hours weekly in your hobby refreshes your mind. It helps you to keep focused. Your hobby can be anything like art, sport, adventure, travel, or volunteering.
• You must spend time with your family, kids, parents, and friends. Pursuing your Ph.D., you cannot afford to miss your relationships with them. Spending quality time with family and friends keeps you motivated
• As a research, publications are important not only for getting your degree awarded but also to keep your motivation in your Ph.D. journey.
• Keep publishing your research work continuously and the learn from the critics and reviews that can mould you as a prominent researcher.
• You have an irrational LOVE for research.

You are investing a significant duration of your lifetime to earn  A Ph.D. degree. It is a choice that you make even when you have other family responsibility, have good earnings. So, A choice to pursue a Ph.D. is an outcome of your intense love towards research. You cannot quantify or express this love for research through words making your love for research irrational.

• Challenging the status quo.

As an individual when you always think of solutions how good things can be and how better the world can be and how prosperous the society can be through your innovative ideas. When you are not satisfied with the current status quo of the knowledge that you possess now. Successful Ph.D. graduates have worked on projects that are challenging the status quo or the present.

• You know why you want a Ph.D.

Once you decided to pursue your Ph.D., you must have a clarity on why you do a Ph.D. Only if you know exactly what you want to accomplish at the end of the Ph.D.

• You have a desire to invent.

A Ph.D. is one of the best ways to have the intellectual freedom to invent things you are passionate. You can invent something so critical that the marketplace licenses it from you and your impact translates from lab to the ‘real world.

• You enjoy the learning-teaching process.

As a graduate student you will be responsible to teach students and handle classes. Even if you don’t want to be a professor after the Ph.D., enjoy the process as teaching is a great way to learn.

• Before you find your dissertation topic, do exhaustive research on the various research area of your fields.
• Try to figure out the future of your research area by accessing how it can impact the society by adding value.
• Take time to discuss with researchers from similar area and get inputs.
• Do not hesitate to reach out to them. Reach out to the researchers who have done high impact research. They will always guide you. You can reach them virtually, through mail or any means. Reach out to researchers across the world.
• Spend time reading research papers that has meaningful contribution and insights.
• Incorporate the learnings from your literature survey to come out with a quality dissertation.

People who pursue a Ph.D. after working in industry knew exactly what they wanted the Ph.D. for. They are always more motivated than the average Ph.D. student in the class. If you are currently working in industry, and get clarity and want to pursue a Ph.D., you are making the right decision

“Coming together is the beginning. Keeping together is progress.  Working together is success .”

The benefits of collaboration in research are

• When you collaborate and brainstorm, you can come out with a number of ideas and solution which are novel and creative.
• You do not get stuck at a point and your ability to think out of the box and come with root cause of the problem is high.
• You can accomplish your work in a much short duration than doing it individually.
• Collaboration gives you the opportunity to work with people from other disciplines who are skilled and knowledgeable in another domain. You can get insights of their knowledge and experience.
• Not only your learnings in not restricted to knowledge but also you can learn to work a team, improve your interpersonal skills, and learn various approaches to solve a problem
• Collaborations not only gives you learning but it gives you an acknowledgment of your work by the way that you get your name in the research paper published as an outcome of your team work.
• When you contribution to the research work is significant, you can share the author position. It gives you a greater weightage to your profile and career in a long run.
• When you collaborate carefully and work together as a team leveraging the strengths of everyone, you can complete the research in a quicker duration.

A great Ph.D. student has the character to be comfortable with long periods of intangible progress without losing motivation and, more importantly recognizes stagnation or failure of an approach early.

The qualities of a great Ph.D. student are

• You might go wrong in the direction of your research. You must have the strength and passion to realign your research to the desired direction without losing you motivation. Also, you can have your personal problems during your research which you have to be resilient and continue your progress in your research.
• At time there can be prolonged time of same situation without any progress in your research because of things beyond your control. There shall be no tangible research or progress in your experiment and you must continue doing your work with patience even is such difficulty.
• All great researchers have developed the quality of being on time. You must put in anything that it takes to build this character in you. You earn a profound respect by developing this one character.
• As a researcher it is your ability to see things in detailed than anyone can do. So, develop a thorough knowledge in the field you are pursuing the research.
• It is not that you only have detailed knowledge but also you seek attention to minute details and learn it deeply and make contribution with your deeper study in your field.
• As a researcher you must be aware of various progress in your research field. You must be a continuous learner and being aware of the advancements in your field can make you more futuristic.
• By being courteous as a researcher, you inspire other people to learn. Also, it makes you easy for collaborating with other researchers and work which gives you a great research experience.

A PH.D. is a marathon not a sprint  – Do not think how quickly you can finish a Ph.D. Find your pace that works for you. Be disciplined in terms of how you write, do your classes & assignments, develop your research plan, etc.

Take care in choosing your program  – When exploring the right doctoral program, make sure to carefully explore the curriculum, faculty, potential for receiving scholarships, do you have teaching opportunities, and related things.

Use your Coursework to Explore Possible Thesis Ideas- If one is doing a Ph.D. program that includes extensive coursework, try whenever possible to start exploring thesis ideas.

Attend conference and Publish Papers – Do at least one major conference a year. It develops you contacts, get feedback, and learn what is happening in your field.

Apply for Funding –  Most good programs will provide funding (3–5 years) for eligible doctoral students. You can take the opportunity to its fullest.

Look at the Job Market frequently –  A Ph.D. helps you to get an exciting career. Ensure to look at the marketplace of career opportunities in your field and other career paths such as the private sector, policy, government, foundations, social enterprise, etc.

The best dissertation is a done dissertation  – Too many people try to do a magnum opus and solve huge questions in their dissertation. However, be precise and narrow it down to give solutions to your research problem

• You become an expert in your field and you will be able to communicate easily with other experts in your field. Then you can work with experts in other fields doing inter-disciplinary works that can contribute to the society
• As an expert in the field, you are exposed to the latest advancements and technologies in your field. This will help you to pursue a career that is more promising and exciting that others do not get.
• Your way of thinking and analysis a problem in your field is improved. You can become a think-thank in your field making significant contribution.
• As a Ph.D. graduate you become more proactive and your ability to approach and solve a problem becomes more systematic and structured.
• You will be able to communicate with any resource person across the world in your discipline with ease and confidence.
• Writing your Ph.D. manuscript improvise your language skills and you become flawless in writing skills. Also, since you deliver or present things that you have learned so deeply, you will be able to speak more confidently.
• Once you complete your Ph.D., your desire to learn and gain knowledge increases. You will enjoy the pursuit of knowledge.

An excellent Ph.D. thesis must have the following characteristics.

• It must be analytically path-breaking with authentic results.
• It must have absolute formatting and referencing.
• It must be comprehensive without any grammatical errors & plagiarism.
• It must be a done dissertation.

Coursework is an essential part of any doctoral program, and it sets the stage for the dissertation phase. It is intended to ensure that students develop breadth and depth in their understanding of their field. As per regulations of UGC each Ph.D. student shall be required to undertake pre-Ph.D. course work for a minimum of one semester (six months). The course work must include a course on research methodology, which may include experimental methods, quantitative and statistical methods, and computer applications

A Statement of Purpose is a life changing document that puts forward your research interest, academic achievements, skills, achievements outside of work, and your potential to achieve higher goals. It is a way to describe you as a scholar.

• Appropriate words to describe you than impressive words.
• Write it from your heart.
• Describe your background, past experience, and some personal achievements, academic strengths and your accomplishments in your master’s field.
• If you want to refer to something big, like your portfolio, your research, a research paper available online on a website, or an important online course, use references at the bottom of the SOP like a research paper.
• Keep working on your SOP for some days and refine it until you are fully satisfied and confident.
• Keep it concise and understandable.
• Seek help from scholars at university. Take ideas from them.

A Ph.D. is indeed a wonderful experience by itself in academics and research. It also teaches one the following life lessons.

• The problem with an average human being is that he is reactive to any situation and make things worse. However, your Ph.D. experience will make you more proactive and make you approach and handle any situation in a structured manner and make right decisions in life.
• Your experience will help you to prioritize things based on its importance and relevance and utilize the resources in an optimal way.
• As a researcher, you develop a habit of writing a research journal and planning your activities. This helps you to keep you in an organised manner and manage your time effectively.
• You are a newer version and the best version of yourself. You will no longer be a prisoner of the past and your will be more optimistic in life.
• Collaborations is the key in your research. Your doctoral experience will develop your skills to work as a team. You will enjoy working in a team and accomplish great task easily.
• As a research graduate, you will take a holistic view of anything and even a little thing matters to you. You will enjoy every little thing in your life and
• You will understand that learning never stops. You will learn new things daily through in various ways.
• You will never lose motivation in your life. Your motivation comes from within. No external factors can influence you. You will stay self-motivated in your activities.
• To earn your Ph.D., you will be investing a fair amount of your life time. You need to consider your personal responsibilities, priorities and ensure that you will be able to schedule and accommodate the time needed for it.
• While pursuing a full time Ph.D. your opportunity to make an earning is very less. You will be entitled to get scholarship which still may not satisfy the needs of your dependents. So, you need to make a personal financial plan to ensure your dependents do not get affected. Also, make a financial plan if you may need to extend your Ph.D. duration during which you are not entitled to get scholarship.
• Make sure that your if your motivation will carry you through the years, long hours, challenges, and frustration associated with doctoral research.
• What are your expectations for earning a Ph.D.? Are they realistic?
• Earning a Ph.D., will give you a promising career. You must make sure what career path you wish to choose after Ph.D., be it academics or industrial research or scientist or start a company.

As per the UGC_Ph.D._Regulations-2022, UGC has barred any Indian Institute from offering a Ph.D. degree online or in distance education mode. Hence no Indian University or Institution can offer a Ph.D. degree in online / distance education mode.

In 2018, the UGC had stipulated that Ph.D. shall be mandatory for direct recruitment as assistant professors from July 2021. However, UGC in view of the COVID-19 pandemic has decided to extend the date of applicability of Ph.D. as a mandatory qualification for direct recruitment of assistant professors from July 1, 2021, to July 1, 2023. So, if you aspire to start your career as an academician, it is high time that you enrol for your Ph.D.

Yes. You can do Dual Degree Ph.D. program and get two Ph.D. degrees awarded. Dual Ph.D. degrees are issued when one doctoral dissertation is used to fulfil the requirements for a doctorate in two different universities in two different countries. The candidate must have a supervisor at each institution. Dual Degree Ph.D. does not mean a degree in two different courses.

Alumni Speaks

Thesis Title: Enhanced Perspective Switching Frameworks for Gaze Alignment in Interaction Intensive Elearning Environments The whole experience imbued a sense of academic rigour while working on solutions that have deep, far-reaching societal impact.

Durga Prasad Muvva

Thesis Title: 2-Diamensional layered structures of bismuth oxyiodide &triiodide based photoactive perovskite material Constant guidance, encouragement and freedom to work liberally.

Sreejith P. M.

Thesis Title: Development of Multifunctional Solution processed Quaternary Chalcogenides via cation exchange of Cu2ZnSnS4 Dr.Sudip K batabyal , he not only supervised my thesis work, but also taught me almost everything I had to know about my research work. I am also thankful to the University for the research facilities.

K.Yamini Yasoda

Thesis Title: Metal chalcogenides based polyaniline nanocomposites for super capacitor applications I am very thankful to my supervisor Dr. Sudip K.Batabyal for their support throughout my career. Thank to amrita university

Rajasree G. Krishanan

Thesis Title: Development of Electrochemical sensors for clinic, food safety and Environmental Analysis I would like to appreciate the opportunity provided by Amrita out of my doctoral research at the Institution

Anandkumar Velusamy

Thesis Title: On The Topoligical Indices of some Graph Operations on Graphs. My feedback about the course , faculties and the Institution and all aspects are excellent.

Jayasree T.G.

Thesis Title: A Study on Some Domination Parameters in Graphs Even if I was a part time research scholar, I was so attached to the department and the campus and even now I miss. My open defense was held on 29th April 2021 in online mode due to the pandemic situation COVID-19. Now I take this opportunity to thank each and every one of the department for their support and care they extended towards me during my research days.s the campus very much. I joined the campus in the year 2016 March, with lot of enthusiasm and anxiety.

Thesis Title: Best Proximity Point Iteration for Various Types of Non Self Mappings I am happy to sharing my experience what I had during my Ph.D. I came to you when I didn’t know what to do for my research, you provided advice and guidance. Then, you took me under your supervision; you showed me how research is done, and how a researcher should think. You gave me a fixed spot in your busy schedule and walked with me through every detail. For all the above I am grateful and ever indebted to you. I thank the university for facilitating such a positive learning environment.

Rosmin Elsa Mohan

Thesis Title: Numerical modeling of II-VI planar waveguides for nonlinear applications. During my Ph.D. at Amrita, I was blessed to have excellent mentors who guided me and nurtured my growth, both as a researcher and an individual. Highly appreciate the support that we scholars received from our supervisors, directors, and department with respect to the various milestones in our Ph.D. journey.

Thesis Title: Development of Novel Control Algorithms for Unified Power Quality Conditioner Excellent University with good facilities and fortunate to get excellent guidance.

M. Suresh Kumar

Thesis Title: Development of earth abundant quaternary chalcogenide materials for photovoltaic applications The knowledge you’ve imparted upon me has been a great asset throughout my career.

Fabien Chidanand Robert

Thesis Title: Low cost, reliable rural electrification using microgrid powered by renewable energy To do a Ph.D focused on uplifting society was an honour. Thank you Amrita for all the support and guidance

Dr. Neethu Parvathy S.

Thesis Title: Contemporary Vignettes of Tribal Life: A Study on Gender in Correlation with Interaction Rituals and Media Interactions Pursuing my Ph.D. in Amrita University gave me a world-class research experience. I was fortunate to attend interactive sessions and classes with accomplished researchers from different parts of the world. In addition, I was fortunate to have national and international co-supervisors and a strong DC committee whose rigorous and dedicated review helped me complete a good quality Ph.D. work in time.

Leena Chandran

Thesis Title: Interpersonal Support and Coping Strategies – Identity consideration for Transgender Persons The days in Amrita is something which I can always cherish. The dual role as a working woman in corporate world and student was really challenging, but motivating. The campus was the area where we found ( myself and fellow scholars) age is just a number and we become students again and again. It was really a great relief from the tiresome work schedule. The Department of social work and the faculties are really wonderful and they gave us the real student environment (even though we were holding high job positions) by all means. Happy to be an alumni of Amrita.

Thesis Title: Life skills, Social support and Self esteem of Children in Child care Institutions Excellent learning experience

For admission related queries, please contact

For queries, please write to:

[email protected]

For PhD at Amaravati Campus

[email protected]

For PhD in Health Sciences:

[email protected] 

[email protected]

For PhD in Nursing:

[email protected]

For PhD in Biotechnology:

[email protected]

For PhD in Sustainable Development / Interdisciplinary Studies:

Indian Scholars: [email protected] International Scholars: [email protected] For Specialized PhD Program (currently offered in Sustainable Development / Interdisciplinary Studies): [email protected] For Dual-Degree PhD : [email protected]

For PhD in Philosophy/Spirituality:

[email protected]

For candidates interested in Management (MBA):

[email protected] (Coimbatore Campus),

[email protected] (Amritapuri Campus),

[email protected] (Bengaluru Campus),

[email protected] (Kochi Campus)

For PhD in Cognitive Sciences Technology:

[email protected]

PhD in Social Work (Amritapuri):

[email protected]

PhD in Social Work (Coimbatore):

[email protected]

Social Media

Social media links.

• Welcome to IIM Udaipur
• Our Mission, Core Values and Culture
• Board of Governors
• Director's Message
• Ranking and Accreditation
• Deans' Messages
• Social Outreach
• Infrastructure And Facilities
• Vision 2030
• Our History
• Foundation Day - 2024
• Admission Offer Calendar (MBA 2024-26)
• Two year MBA Program
• Chairperson's Message
• MBA Admission Policy
• International Applicants - MBA Admission Policy 2025-27
• International Applicants- Important Dates and Fees 2025-27
• MBA Courses
• Curriculum Design
• Second Year Courses
• A Global Perspective
• Global Opportunities
• Academic Calendar
• MBA Fees and Financing
• Scholarships
• Financial Assistance
• EMBA at a Glance
• Chairperson’s Message
• EMBA Program Highlights
• Structure & Curriculum
• EMBA Academic Calendar 2025-26
• International Candidate
• Program Fee & Financing
• EMBA Contact
• GSCM at a Glance
• Mandatory Courses
• Elective Courses
• Important Dates
• Application Process
• Testimonials
• Placement Reports
• Center of Excellence
• Fees and Financing
• FAQs on GSCM
• Advisory Board
• DEM at a Glance
• Application process
• FAQs on DEM
• Program Overview
• Current Batch Profile (2022-2024)
• Introduction
• Admission Process
• Program Contents *
• Application and Program Fees
• Program Policies
• Area-wise Application Process

Overview of IIM PhD Program

• Decision Sciences
• Finance & Accounting
• Operations Management
• Organisational Behaviour & Human Resource Management
• Eligibility Criteria
• Student Profiles and Testimonials
• International Exposure
• Reservations
• Academic Calendar 2024-25
• MGNF Programme Structure
• MGNF Entrance Exam
• Student Profiles
• Global Perspective
• International Business & Practices
• Student Exchange Program (STEP)
• Dean Faculty & Research
• Dean Programs
• Faculty Directory A to Z
• Faculty Directory by Area
• Visiting Faculty
• Visiting Scholars
• Faculty Area Advisor
• Faculty Recruitment
• Professors of Practice
• Research Chair
• Research Ecosystem
• Top 4 Rating for Research
• Published Research Paper
• Research Projects
• Research Seminars
• Papers presented by IIMU Faculty
• Chapters in Monographs and Books
• Conference Proceedings
• Invited Talks
• Centre for Digital Enterprise
• Centre for Supply Chain Management
• Consumer Culture Lab
• Incubation Center
• Centre for Healthcare
• Centre for Teaching and Learning (CTL)
• Case Studies
• 8th JAAF - ATP India Symposium 2025
• MathSport Asia - 2024
• IIMU - Booth Quantitative Marketing Conference
• Research Activities - Ongoing
• Research Activities (2017-2022)
• External Collaborations
• Executive Education
• Placement Process
• Summer Internships
• Final Placements
• Student Profiles - Two Year MBA
• Student Profiles - GSCM
• Student Profiles - DEM
• Past Recruiters
• The Placement Team
• Learning and Development
• Netratva - The Leadership Talk Series
• Entrepreneurship Support
• Business Review
• Life to the Full
• Student Governance
• Functional and Professional
• Social and Recreational
• Governance and Administration
• Photo Gallery
• Publications
• IIMU Newsletter
• IIMU in the News
• Jobs at IIMU
• NIRF Ranking
• Scholastic Gold Medal Winners
• U-Digital Perspectives
• U Forum - IIMU's Webinar Series
• Organisation and Function
• Budget and Programmes
• Publicity and Public Interface
• E-Governance
• Information as may be Prescribed
• Information Disclosed on Own Initiative

• Doctor Of Philosophy (PhD)

IIM Udaipur's PhD Program is designed for students with strong academic credentials who aspire to become globally acclaimed scholars in their field. Students earning a PhD in management from IIM Udaipur will be well-equipped for a rewarding career in academia, enabled with the ability to undertake independent and impactful management research .

IIM Udaipur offers Ph.D. in the following five areas:

• Decision Sciences More details
• Finance & Accounting More details
• Organisational Behaviour & Human Resource Management More details
• Operations Management More details
• Marketing More details

The “U” Advantage

IIM Udaipur’s PhD Program transforms Indian students into global scholars through three unique offerings:

Being uniquely known for its research focus, IIMU takes pride in having one of the most diverse and research-productive faculty members in the country. IIMU is ranked 4th in the country for high-quality research (UTD Ranking—which is the most relevant ranking to evaluate a PhD Program). By working closely with research-active faculty members, PhD students receive high-quality guidance—thereby enabling them to become well-grounded scholars.

fourth Rank in India for Research

IIMU’s Research focus will give you an edge in the academic job-market

The academic job market varies significantly from the MBA job market. MBA job placements are often determined by institute rankings, whereas PhD graduates are primarily evaluated based on the quality of their research publications and R&Rs. Distinguishing yourself as a PhD graduate hinges on your ability to publish in prestigious academic journals. Some IIMs excel in MBA rankings but fall behind IIMU in research output for top-tier management journals (UTD-24 and FT-50). We encourage prospective PhD candidates to assess IIMU's Research Ranking (4th in India) and the faculty's track record in publishing high-quality research in top-tier journals to make an informed decision about their PhD institution.

Guidance from World-Class Faculty

You will be guided in your PhD journey by outstanding faculty members who hold doctoral degrees from top research institutes in India and abroad. Faculty members at IIM Udaipur publish in leading management research journals (UTD-24 and FT-50 Journals which are the hallmarks of global scholarship in management), including Information Systems Research, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Operations Management, Management Science, Organization Science, and Production and Operations Management. You will receive research guidance from some of the best minds in the country, who will help you to develop the capabilities necessary for publishing in such top-tier international journals. You will also be able to draw on the expertise of reputed faculty members from across the world, who engage in research collaborations with faculty members at IIM Udaipur.

Monthly Brown Bag Seminars

Every month, PhD students and faculty are encouraged to present their ongoing research work to the entire research community of their respective areas (which includes faculty, PhD students, research assistants and teaching assistants) to receive constructive feedback. These seminars are a hallmark of an active research ecosystem that encourages faculty-student dialogue and peer-to-peer learning and continuous self-improvement of one’s research portfolio.

To learn more about area-specific faculty and research capabilities of IIMU, please visit our area-specific pages:

• Organizational Behaviour and Human Resources Management More details
• Our program is designed on the lines of similar programs at top schools across the world. The course curriculum for PhD students is exclusively designed at an advanced doctoral level and is completely separate from the MBA curriculum—giving each student individual and focused attention from faculty. During this time, students gain experience and mastery in a range of cutting-edge research skills, approaches, subject area, and methods.
• The PhD Program generally has a duration of 5 years. In the first 2 years, students complete rigorous coursework covering foundational subjects, methods and advanced courses in their area of specialization. After coursework, the students complete a comprehensive exam focused on area-specific courses/topics delivered in both year one and year two. After completing a comprehensive examination, students work on their doctoral dissertations, undertaking original research designed to make significant scholarly contribution in their field.
• Across courses, the students are given an opportunity to (i) read, comprehend and critique several cutting edge research publications from top-tier journals in their respective areas; (ii) develop an understanding of classic and emergent theories in their field; (iii) develop hands-on learning on standard and cutting-edge research methods and tools of data collection and data analysis (e.g., research softwares such as Stata, Qualtrics, SPSS, R, Python, etc.); and (iv) develop a socially responsible perspective towards research. Furthermore, the institute takes research integrity seriously and all students are mandated to undergo anti-plagiarism training in their first year.
• Practical Research Projects In addition to classroom learning through coursework, students start engaging in practical research projects right from their first year in order to gain hands-on research experience. During their first year, all students need to work on a First Year Research Project (FYRP) under the guidance of a faculty where they consolidate and apply their learnings from first year coursework. Similarly, during their second year, students need to work on a Second Year Research Project (SYRP) under the guidance of a faculty where they consolidate and apply their learnings from overall coursework (the SYRP also serves as a practical component of the comprehensive exam in the third year).
• Teaching Assistance (TA) From the 3rd year onwards, students are required to provide teaching assistantship support to area faculty members for their MBA courses. The current TA requirement is 12 credits (90 hours) spread across three years. TA experience helps the PhD candidates get practical exposure to teaching methods and prepare them to perform better in teaching roles which are pivotal for a well-rounded academic career.

IIMU’s PhD Program Course Structure

IIM Udaipur's doctoral program is designed for students who aspire to become globally acclaimed scholars in their field. At IIMU, we believe that giving students ample opportunities to network with global peers through international exposure would play a key role in transforming Indian students into global scholars .

International Academic Conferences

IIMU encourages PhD students to attend international conferences/seminars to present their research papers. For this purpose, students will be eligible for a grant of INR 2,00,000 over a period of four years to attend international conferences/seminars (outside India) subject to the acceptance of their research papers. Students are also encouraged to seek visits in research-oriented schools abroad to conduct research while in the program. The student can use the international conference budget for such visit instead of presenting at conference. Students are typically guided in such a manner that they present at least one paper in an international conference before their dissertation. Attending leading international conferences from their field allows PhD students to gain a global perspective on cutting edge research theories and methods and also provides them networking opportunities with academic peers and experts.

Students are also eligible to receive an additional funding of INR 2,00,000 to attend another international conference if they co-author a paper with an IIMU faculty member which gets accepted at a FT50/ IIMU A* journal list during the tenure of their PhD program.

Semester Abroad (Merit-based)

IIMU provides funding for up to two students each year, based on merit, to spend four months at a prestigious foreign university. Students work alongside an esteemed faculty member as their guide, engaging in research projects, seminars, and research center activities. The program covers travel expenses, living costs, actual medical insurance, and contingencies for the duration. This unique opportunity sets IIMU apart from other IIMs.

Apply Now Area-wise Application Details Download Brochure

• Tender Notices
• HR Policies
• Privacy Policy
• Terms and Conditions
• Whistle Blower Policy
• Management of Covid-19
• Evaluation Committee Report
• Anti-Ragging Committee and Squad
• Study in India - Student Registration
• Samman - Internal Committee @ IIMU

© 2024 IIM Udaipur. All rights reserved.

• Announcements
• Bachelor of Science (Research)
• B.Tech. (Mathematics and Computing)
• M.Tech. and M.Des.
• M.Tech through CFTI Mode
• Joint M. Tech in Semiconductor Technology
• 1 Year M. Engg.
• M.Tech/M.Des for Sponsored Candidates (Govt. & PSU)
• M.Tech. (Online) for Sponsored Candidates
• Integrated Ph.D.
• M.Tech. (Research) and Ph.D. Programmes
• External Registration Program (ERP) for Ph.D./M.Tech. (Research)
• Programs for OCI and International Students
• Message From Deans of Faculties
• Entry Modes into IISc
• Information at a Glance
• List of CFTI
• Fees and Scholarship
• Formats for Certificates
• Cut off Report of previous years
• Contact – Admissions Unit
• Contact – Departments
• My Life@IISc: a student perspective
• Relevant External Websites
• Important Dates
• International and OCI Students
• Instructions for Online Admissions Portal
• Online Admissions Portal

Integrated Ph. D. Programmes

You should apply through the Online Admissions Applications Portal . Instructions for the portal are provided here .

, Selection Procedure, Online Application Instructions Please click here

Important deadlines, click here to view

Fee structure, click here to view .

• Biological Sciences
• Chemical Sciences
• Physical Sciences
• Mathematical Sciences

Department/Centre/Unit: Biochemistry, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Developmental Biology & Genetics, Molecular Biophysics, Microbiology & Cell Biology, and Centre for Neuroscience (BS).

BASIC QUALIFICATION FOR ELIGIBILITY: A minimum of first class or equivalent in Bachelor’s or an equivalent degree in Physical, Chemical, or Biological Sciences (including Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical, Veterinary Sciences, and Agricultural Sciences) or A minimum of first class or equivalent in BE/B Tech degree.

Areas of Research: Biomembranes – Physical and Physiological Studies; Structure-Function of Nucleic Acids; Gene Structure and Function in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes; Microbial and Human Genetics; Recombinant DNA Technology; Molecular Virology and Mechanisms of Disease Processes; Enzymology, Protein Chemistry and Engineering; Cellular and Applied Immunology; Molecular Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology; Conformation of Biomolecules and Biopolymers; Protein and Virus Crystallography; Structural Biology; Mathematical Ecology; Human Ecology; Behaviour and Sociobiology; Conservation Ecology; Evolutionary Biology, Ecophysiology, Plant Molecular Biology and Development, Imprinting, Molecular Oncology, Cell Biology. Neurobiology of diseases, Nervous System Development; Learning and Memory and Synaptic Physiology; Cognitive Neuroscience and Computation in visual and motor systems.

Department/Centre/Unit: Organic Chemistry, Inorganic & Physical Chemistry, Solid State & Structural Chemistry Unit and Materials Research Centre (CS).

BASIC QUALIFICATION FOR ELIGIBILITY: First Class in B Sc or an equivalent degree with Chemistry as one of the main subjects with Mathematics at the PUC or Plus 2 level.

Areas of Research: Ultrafast Chemical Dynamics; Theoretical Chemistry; Statistical Phenomena; Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Chemical Kinetics; Solid State Materials Chemistry; Amorphous Materials; Nanomaterials; Ceramics; Super-Conductors; Biomaterials; Synthetic Organic, Physical Organic and Organometallic Chemistry; Chemistry of Transition & Non-Transition Metals; Bioorganic Chemistry; Chemical Biology;  Biomaterials and Biological Processes at Materials Interface; Supramolecular Chemistry and  Applications; Chemistry and Applications of Polymers; Electrochemistry: Principles, Electrochemical Energy Storage and Generation, Electrochemical Devices; Thin film devices;Molecular and Van der Walls Spectroscopy; Development of NMR Methodologies and Applications.

Department/Centre/Unit: Physics and Centre for High Energy Physics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics (PS).

BASIC QUALIFICATION FOR ELIGIBILITY: A minimum of first class or equivalent in B.Sc. or an equivalent degree with Physics as one of the main subjects or BE/B Tech or equivalent in any discipline.

Areas of Research: (A) Experimental Studies: (I) Condensed Matter Physics (Ii) Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, and (Iii) X-Ray Crystallography of Bio-Molecular Structures. Specific Areas Include: Raman and Other Spectroscopies; Fast Ionic Conductivity; Manipulation of Matter By Light, Laser Cooling and Trapping of Atoms, Ion Trapping, Precision Laser Spectroscopy; Magnetism, Spintronics, Magnetic Thin Films, Magnetotransport; Quantum Transport in Low-Dimensional and Disordered Materials, The Metal-Insulator Transition; Magnetic Resonance Phenomena; NMR Spectroscopy; Nanoscience and Nanomaterials; Superconductivity in Bulk as well as Thin Films; Semiconductors; Ferroelectricity, Crystal Growth Studies, Nonlinear Optical Materials, Multiferroics; Phase Transition Studies, High Pressure and Low Temperature Studies, Study of Low Dimensional Materials, Amorphous Materials, Novel Glasses and Nanocomposites; Soft Condensed Matter: Colloids, Surfactants and Biological Material; Peptide and Protein Crystallography, Complexation Studies and Drug-Nucleic Acid Interactions, Molecular Modeling, Database Analysis; Polymer Physics, Surface X-Ray Scattering, Surface Phase Transitions. (B)Theoretical Studies On a Variety of Aspects of Condensed Matter Physics, in Particular: Strongly Correlated Systems, Quantum Many-Body Theory and Magnetism, Exotic Order and Quantum Criticality; Phase Transitions, Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Physics; Disordered and Amorphous Systems, The Glass Transition, Neural Networks; Spatiotemporal Chaos and Turbulence in Fluids, Plasmas and Cardiac Tissue; Soft Condensed Matter: Colloids, Surfactants, Membranes, Liquid Crystals, Vortex Lattices; Biological Physics: The Mechanics of Living Matter; Molecular Modeling of Soft and Bio-Materials. (C) High Energy Physics: Quantum Field Theory, The Standard Model of Particle Physics and Beyond, Physics of and At High Energy Particle Colliders, Field Theory in Non-Commutative Space Time, Quantum Computation, Applications of Quantum Field Theory To Condensed Matter Systems, String Theory. High Energy Physics; Experiment. CMS Experiment at CERN; Large Hadron Collider. (D) Astronomy & Astrophysics: Theoretical Cosmology, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Structure formation, Gravitational Lensing, Physics Around Black Holes, Nuclear Astrophysics, Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, Physics of Compact Objects, Plasma Astrophysics, Computational Astrophysics, Galaxy Clusters, Galactic Astronomy, Interstellar Matter, Astrophysical Turbulence

Department/Centre/Unit: Mathematics (MS)

BASIC QUALIFICATION FOR ELIGIBILITY: First Class in B Sc or equivalent degree with Mathematics as one of the subjects or BE/ B Tech or equivalent degree.

Areas of Research: Numerical Analysis, Partial Differential Equations, Controllability, Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Probability Theory, Random Matrix Theory and Random Analytic Functions, Applied Probability and Stochastic Processes, Stochastic Control, Stochastic Dynamic Games, Stochastic Geometry, Interacting Particle Systems,, Time Series Analysis with Applications to Neuroscience, Mathematical Finance, Functional Analysis, Harmonic Analysis, Several Complex Variables, Operator Theory, Algebraic Topology, Geometric Topology, Combinatorial Topology, Commutative Algebra, Algebraic Geometry, Differential Geometry, Representation Theory, Non-commutative Geometry, Combinatorics, Mathematical Physics, Experimental Mathematics, Modular Forms, Analytic Number Theory.

Eligibility and Selection Procedure

• Eligibility
• Selection Procedure

Additional notes

(a) Candidates with a Bachelor’s degree in Biology/Biotechnology/ Chemistry/ Physics/ Mathematics/ Pharmacy/ Veterinary Sciences/ Agriculture as applicable to individual discipline, under the 10+2+3/4 system, are eligible to apply to this program.

(b) The minimum requirement for admission to the Integrated Ph D programme is a FIRST CLASS or equivalent Grade in the Bachelor’s degree (as declared by the University) as indicated against each department.

(c) The minimum requirement of FIRST CLASS in the qualifying examination is relaxed to PASS CLASS for SC/ST candidates.

(d) Some departments have specific requirements of subjects at the Bachelor’s or 10+2 levels. Candidates have to ensure that they meet these requirements.

(e) Those in the final year of their qualifying examination and awaiting results are also eligible to apply. However, they should have completed all the requirements for the award of the qualifying degree, including all examinations, dissertation projects, viva-voce, etc., by the time of joining.

(f) While the regular PhD program allows an exemption from GATE scores for students with a 4-year degree from a CFTI and with a >= 8.0 CGPA out of 10.0, this is not applicable to Integrated PhD programme.

The short-listing of candidates for in-person(offline) interview is done based on the performance in JAM 2024. Short listing for Physical Sciences is also done based on JEST 2024. The selection of candidates for admission to research programmes is through an interview to be held at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. To see Important Dates

Selection – For Biological, Physical and Mathematical Sciences selection will be based on the combined performance in the Test and in Interview. For Chemical Sciences, selection will be based only on the performance in the Interview.

Candidates written the following papers in JAM are eligible for the discipline(s) to which they seek admission.

(a) The interview letters for the short-listed candidates will be sent by email and the same is available on the Applicant’s interface after login to the Admission Portal. Such candidates shall make necessary arrangements for attending the interview. No separate communication will be sent by post. TA (second class sleeper class train fare) will be paid to all the SC/ST candidates who attend the in-person interview.

(b) Candidates called for an interview have to make their own arrangements for travel and accommodation etc.

(c) Candidates called for an interview should bring with them attested copies of all the transcripts (marks cards from SSLC or equivalent onwards, degree certificates of the qualifying examination, etc.) and produce them before the interview committee, failing which, they will not be interviewed.

(d) Candidates belonging to the SC/ST category should bring the original caste/tribe certificates, issued by competent authorities for purposes of verification.

(e) If you belong to Economically Weaker Section (EWS) – you must produce the original Income and Asset Certificate issued on or after 01 April 2024 by the competent authority at the time of interview.

(f) If you belong to OBC-NCL catregory – you must produce the valid OBC-NCL issued on or after 01 April 2024 by the competent authority at the time of interview.

(g) Candidate belonging to PwD (person-with-disability), KM (Kashmiri-Migrant) categories should produce the originals of the appropriate certificates, issued as per Government of India rules, and Kashmiri Pandit/Kashmiri Hindu Family living in Kashmiri valley should produce Kashmiri valley domicle certificate.

(h) The offer letter for the selected candidates will be posted on Applicant’s interface on IISc Admission portal under Application Status. You can download the offer letter and make necessary arrangements including payment of fees etc. No separate communication will be sent by post.

(i) The candidates admitted to the Integrated Ph D programmes should report to the Institute for completing admission formalities.

(j) At the time of joining, candidates should have completed all the requirements for the award of the qualifying degree including all examinations, dissertation projects, viva-voce, etc.

(k) Only candidates who produce all the mark sheets and degree certificates (original or provisional) issued by the University Authority will be given regular admission.

(l) Candidates who are awaiting results but have completed all formalities for the award of a degree should produce at the time of joining, a Course-Completion Certificate, issued by the Head of the institution (The Principal/Registrar). Such candidates will be given only provisional admission, which will be regularized on their producing all the marks sheets and degree certificates (original, or provisional) etc., issued by the University Authority on or before 31 October 2024, failing which, the provisional admission stands cancelled.

(m) Candidates who are given provisional admission are eligible for a scholarship only on regularisation of admission (on production of the required documents). They will be paid a scholarship with retrospective effect, i.e., from the date of joining.

NOTE: The results for some of the recent National Entrance Tests, such as GATE/ JAM etc, may not be available at the time of submitting the IISc admissions application. You must enter the available details of these exams, such as your enrolment/ roll number, paper, etc., in the application, but you may leave the score/rank/results blank. You will have the option to update your national entrance results in the application from the main “Application Status” page. You must make this update within 3 days of the results being declared.

Programme Details for Admissions 2023-24

• Login for Applicant
• Login for ICSSR Officials
• Doctoral Fellowship
• Google Plus

You are here

1. Introduction:

1.1. The ICSSR supports and encourages Ph.D. scholars to pursue their doctoral research in social and human sciences. The award of Doctoral fellowship takes into consideration innovative research proposals having potential of path breaking addition to existing body of knowledge. The priority of the ICSSR is to address changing societal dynamics and social challenges through effective evidence-based research to fulfil India’s aspirations to become a global power.

1.2. Doctoral Fellowships shall be awarded to Indian research scholars, who are registered for Ph.D. in UGC recognized Universities / Deemed-to-be-Universities, Institutes of National Importance as defined by MoE / UGC, ICSSR Research Institutes and colleges having approved Ph.D. programme. The Doctoral Fellowships for the Financial Year 2024-25 shall be awarded in the following areas of Social and Human Sciences:

Research Proposals that span across disciplinary boundaries also fall within the areas of the Council’s interest. Preference will be given to PhD Students pursuing research in the priority areas of the ICSSR.

2. Eligibility

A) Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship

2.1 Doctoral Fellow should be a full-time bonafide Ph.D. student at the affiliating university/ institution throughout the duration of fellowship tenure.

2.2 The candidate must have a confirmed Ph.D. registration at any of the institutions mentioned in para 1.2 in line with the UGC norms in force. The Ph.D. topic must have been confirmed by the DRC/authorised statutory body of the institution on or before the last date of call for applications. Application submitted by those scholars whose research proposals and topics have not been approved by the statutory bodies of their respective institutions will be summarily rejected.

2.3 The candidate must not be more than 40 years of age on the last date of application. There shall be an age relaxation of 5 years for SC/ST/OBC-(NCL) candidates Persons with benchmark Disability (PwD).

2.4 The candidate must have secured a minimum of 55% marks in Post-Graduation or equivalent grades in any social science discipline. Five per cent (5%) relaxation of marks will be given to SC/ST/ OBC-(NCL) candidates Persons with benchmark Disability (PwD). The submission of scanned copy of mark sheet of Post-Graduation is mandatory for submission of online application. In case, the candidates do not upload the documents, their candidature will be summarily rejected

2.5. The criteria of NET for applying for ICSSR Doctoral Fellowship Schemes will be as under:

i. 95 percent of the total fellowships shall be awarded to NET qualified applicants

ii. A maximum of 5 per cent of the fellowships shall be awarded to candidates who are not NET qualified but their proposals are found outstanding in the evaluation of the ICSSR’s panel of subject experts.

2.6. Candidates who have already availed UGC Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) / Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship (RGNF) / Maulana Azad National Fellowship (MANF) / ICSSR / ICAR / CSIR / ICPR / ICMR / ICHR / Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Foundation Fund Fellowship (JNMF) or any such major doctoral fellowship are not eligible to apply. Candidates drawing UGC Non-NET Fellowship are eligible to apply.

B) Institutional Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship

2.7. Candidates applying under Institutional Doctoral Fellowship Scheme shall not be eligible to apply for Centrally-Administered Doctoral Fellowship schemes.

2.8. All the conditions of the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship (2.1 to 2.6) shall apply to this category also and the fellowship shall be administered through the ICSSR Research Institutes.

C) Short-Term Fellowship

2.8. All the conditions of the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship (2.1 to 2.6) shall apply. In addition, the candidate should have completed at least three years of research work for Ph.D degree at any of the institutions mentioned in para1.1.

D) Contingency Grant

2.9. Under this scheme, a one-time grant is awarded to Ph.D scholars registered at any of the institutions mentioned in para1.1, who are at an advanced stage of their research work. The candidates meeting all conditions of the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship (2.1 to 2.6) are eligible to apply for Contingency Grant for the purposes of field trip, stationery and computer consumable related expenses.

3. How to Apply

3.1. Applicants must submit an online application in prescribed format and upload scanned copies of the annexures on ICSSR website.

3.2 (A) Self-attested copies of educational qualification and proof of date of birth must be annexed with the hard copy of the application form. The candidate has to mandatorily provide an attested copy of research proposal submitted by the candidate in the institution where he/ she is registered for PhD. The copy of research proposal must be attested by the concerned HoD/Dean. The topic mentioned in the proposal must have been confirmed by the DRC/authorised statutory body of the institution on or before the last date of call for applications and a certificate to this effect must be uploaded during submission of online application and the attested copy must be annexed with the hard copy of the application form.

3.2 (B) Applicants are also required to submit the hard copies of their application and annexures, duly forwarded by the Competent Authorities of the affiliating university/college/institute, within the stipulated time mentioned in the call for applications. The forwarding letters and undertakings must be submitted in original along with the hard copy of the application form.

3.3 The Research Proposal should be either in English or Hindi. Arial/Mangal Unicode font will be used in Devanagari script to fill application form in Hindi.

B.) Institutional Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship

3.4 Applicants seeking Institutional Doctoral Fellowship must submit an online application in prescribed format along with the annexures as mentioned in para 3.2 (A) on ICSSR website only. The hardcopy of applications must however be forwarded by the respective ICSSR Research Institutes. The ICSSR will prepare the merit list of successful candidates and the same will be intimated to the concerned research institutes.

3.5 The ICSSR Research Institutes will intimate the same to the candidates and follow the guidelines of the ICSSR regarding disbursal of fellowships, which will be made available to them after declaration of result.

C) Short-Term Doctoral Fellowship

3.6 The application procedure for the scheme shall be the same as per the conditions mentioned in Clauses 3.1 to 3.4.

3.7 The application procedure for the scheme shall be the same as per the conditions mentioned in Clauses 3.1 to 3.4.

4. Procedure for Award of Fellowships

4.1. The fellowships shall be awarded on the basis of evaluation of applications by the panel of subject experts. Based on the evaluation reports of the Expert Committee(s), merit lists shall be prepared for award of fellowships.

4.2. The reservation policy of the Government of India for SC, ST, OBC(NCL), EWS and Persons with Benchmark Disability (PwD) will be duly followed in the award of fellowships.

4.3 In case ICSSR feels the need, it may invite any short-listed applicant for presentation before an Expert Committee of ICSSR.

4.5 The merit list of selected candidates of Doctoral Fellowships will be placed on the ICSSR website.

4.6 Only the selected candidates and their affiliating universities shall be informed individually through a provisional award letter clearly specifying the formalities and documents required for joining the fellowship.

5. Duration and Value:

5.1 The value of Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship is Rs 20,000 per month plus Rs 20,000 contingency grant per annum. The total duration of the Full-term Doctoral Fellowship shall be two years. The first award letter will be initially for a period of one year effective from the date of issue of award letter. 5.2 The value and duration of fellowship will be in line with the directives of the Ministry of Education issued from time to time.

5.3 The duration and value of fellowship will be the same as mentioned under the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship. (5.1 to 5.2)

5.4 The duration of the Short-Term Doctoral Fellowship is strictly for six months or till the date of Ph.D. submission at the university/ institution, whichever is earlier.

5.5 The value of fellowship will be equivalent to six month fellowship amount of the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship grant plus contingency grant payable for six months.

5.6 The value of fellowship is a consolidated grant of Rs 62500/.

6. Joining and Release of Fellowship

6.1 The scholar must join the fellowship within the time stipulated by the ICSSR in the provisional award letter.

6.2 The fellowship instalments will be released on yearly basis.

6.3 The sanction of the fellowship will be issued initially for a period of one year, effective from the date of issue of award letter. The renewal of the Fellowship for the subsequent years shall be subject to the receipt of satisfactory Annual Progress Report and Statement of Expenditure for the entire fellowship grant released for first year.

6.4 The first instalment will be released after receiving the documents prescribed in the Award letter along with the Grant-in-aid-Bill (GIB) and Registration Mandate Form of PFMS Account of those affiliating / administering institutions, which have not linked their accounts to PFMS for ICSSR grant.

6.5 (i) The instalment of second year will be released only after the approval of extension of fellowship for the second year by the Council subject to the receipt of satisfactory Progress Reports and Statement of Expenditure for the entire fellowship grant released for first year and receipt of the Grant-in-Aid Bill (GIB).

6.5 (ii) The final year fellowship grant will be released in two instalments.

6.5 (iii) The final instalment will be released subject to receipt of appropriate documents such as the Thesis Submission Certificate issued by the Controller of Examination/Competent Authority of the University, soft copy of the PhD thesis, a summary in 3000 to 4000 words along with the audited Statement of Accounts and Utilization Certificate for the admissible grant (in GFR 12A Form).

6.6 The Statement of Accounts and Utilization certificate should be signed by the Finance Officer / Registrar / Principal / Director in case the accounts of the institution are audited by the CAG/AG. Otherwise, they need to be signed both by the competent authority of the affiliating institution along with the chartered accountant.

6.7 The requisite documents at every stage should be submitted within the prescribed time frame.

6.8 Same as mentioned under the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship (para 6.1 to 6.7).

6.9 The Short-Term Fellowship will be released in two instalments. The first instalment amounting to 70% of the total grant will be released on receipt of the documents prescribed in the Award letter along with the grant-in-aid bill (GIB) and Registration Mandate Form of PFMS account of concerned affiliating / administering institution. The second and final instalment of the admissible grant shall be released after receiving a Thesis Submission Certificate issued by the Controller of Examination/Competent Authority of the University, soft copy of PhD thesis, a summary in 3000 to 4000 words along with the audited Statement of Accounts with Utilization Certificate (in GFR-12A Form) for the admissible amount duly signed by the competent authority of the affiliating institution.

6.10 The Statement of Accounts and Utilization Certificate will be signed by the Finance Officer / Registrar / Director in case the accounts of the Institution are audited by the CAG/AG. Otherwise, they need to be signed by the competent authority of the affiliating institution along with a chartered accountant.

6.11 The Contingency Grant will be released in two instalments. The first instalment amounting to Rs 40,000/- will be released on receipt of the documents prescribed in the Award letter along with the grant-in-aid bill (GIB) and Registration Mandate Form of PFMS Account of concerned affiliating / administering institution. The second and final instalment of the admissible grant shall be released after receiving a Thesis Submission Certificate issued by the Controller of Examination/Competent Authority of the University, a summary in 3000 to 4000 words along with the audited Statement of Accounts with Utilization Certificate (in GFR-12A Form) for the admissible amount duly signed by the competent authority of the affiliating institution.

6.12 The Statement of Accounts and Utilization Certificate will be signed by the Finance Officer / Registrar / Director in case the accounts of the Institution are audited by the CAG/AG. Otherwise, they need to be signed by the competent authority of the affiliating institution along with a chartered accountant.

7. Monitoring of Fellowships

7.1 Regular monitoring of Fellowship is done on the basis of Six Monthly and Annual Progress Reports in the prescribed format submitted by the scholar and duly forwarded by the supervisor.

7.2 The fellowship may be discontinued / terminated at any stage if research progress is found to be unsatisfactory or any ICSSR rules are violated or the research topic is changed without the permission of ICSSR.

7.3 The ICSSR may ask for annual presentation / mid-term appraisal of the research work.

7.4 In cases of delayed Progress Reports, the scholar will be required to give the justification of the delay on which the final decision shall be taken by ICSSR. The scholar may be asked to furnish an Undertaking specifying the date of Ph.D. submission to ICSSR.

7.5 During the course of the Phd, the scholars are required to publish at least two research papers in peer-reviewed journals on the theme of the research undertaken and submit a copy of the same to the ICSSR.

7.6 The scholars must acknowledge the ICSSR while getting their research papers published. The ICSSR must also be compulsorily acknowledged in the PhD thesis.

8. Completion of the Fellowship

8.1 If a fellow leaves the fellowship before the completion of fellowship duration, he/she has to inform ICSSR in advance.

8.1.1 No scholar will be allowed to leave the fellowship under clause 8.1 before completion of three months of fellowship period. If the scholar leaves it within three months, he/she will have to refund the already disbursed fellowship amount in full to the ICSSR.

8.1.2 The scholar shall be permitted to retain the grant released from date of Joining till the date of leaving / discontinuing the ICSSR fellowship subject to submission of the following:

(i) An updated Progress Report for the said period duly forwarded by the Supervisor.

(ii) An Undertaking to submit a Thesis Submission Certificate and soft copy of PhD thesis within a month of submission of thesis in affiliating/ administering institution on a Non-Judicial stamp paper of Rs. 100/- (in prescribed format).

(iii) Statement of Accounts and Utilization Certificate (in GFR-12 A form) for the admissible amount.

(iv) Refund of the unspent balance, if any. The payment may be made by sending a cheque/ DD in favour of ICSSR, New Delhi or through PFMS /RTGS.

8.1.3 In such cases, the ICSSR may consider to pay contingency grant subsequent to submission of thesis to ICSSR. In other cases, the scholar can leave the fellowship by refunding the entire amount already released by the ICSSR.

8.1.4 The scholars leaving the fellowship before completion of their fellowship tenure without informing ICSSR shall be required to refund the entire amount of fellowship released with penalty/penal interest.

8.2 The fellows are required to submit a Ph D Thesis Submission Certificate issued by the Controller of Examinations/Competent Authority and soft copy of the thesis preferably within a month of submission of the Ph D Thesis to the affiliating/ administering institution for award of the Ph D Degree, failing which the fellow has to refund the amount of fellowship to the ICSSR.

8.3 If, as a special case, a scholar remains on leave due to maternity / medical / extra ordinary circumstances (not exceeding six months) with due approval by the ICSSR, the tenure of fellowship shall be deferred by that period but the total amount of fellowship sanctioned shall not exceed the fellowship duration mentioned in the award letter.

8.4 Again, as a special case, a scholar can avail a foreign fellowship and re-join ICSSR Fellowship on return with due approval by the ICSSR, the tenure of fellowship may be deferred by that period but the total amount of fellowship sanctioned shall not exceed the fellowship duration mentioned in the award letter.

8.5 There will be no extension if the scholar deregisters from PhD and re-registers to submit the thesis after a gap. The date of deregistration will be the date of termination of fellowship.

8.6 After the thesis is submitted to the concerned university, the scholar must submit the following to ICSSR at the earliest preferably within a month to settle the accounts

(i) A PhD Thesis Submission Certificate issued by the Controller of Examinations/Competent Authority immediately after submission of the Ph D Thesis to the University for award of the Ph D Degree along with a copy of summary (in 3000 to 4000 words) and research papers published. A softcopy of the Thesis has to be sent along with the above.

(ii) The audited Statement of Account and Utilization Certificate (in GFR-12A Form) for the admissible grant as per clause 6.5 and 6.9.

8.7 As a policy, ICSSR does not accept contents beyond 10 percent on Similarity Index. Scholars are required to get their final report checked from their affiliating institutions for Similarity Index and attach the plagiarism report at the time of submission of soft copy of thesis to the ICSSR.

8.8 Same as mentioned under the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship including the conditions mentioned in the Clauses 8.1 to 8.7. Further, the concerned research institute must submit the Thesis Submission Certificate and other prescribed documents to ICSSR well in time.

8.9 Same as mentioned under the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship including the conditions mentioned in the Clauses 8.1 to 8.7.

8.10 Same as mentioned under the Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship including the conditions mentioned in the Clauses 8.2. 8.6 and 8.7.

9. Expectation from the Affiliating Institution

9.1 The affiliating institution is required to provide the requisite research infrastructure to the scholar and maintain proper accounts.

9.2 The affiliating institution is required to give a Forwarding letter in the prescribed format contained in the Application Form to administer and manage the ICSSR fellowship grant.

9.3 The affiliating institution shall open / maintain a dedicated bank account for ICSSR grant (Scheme Code 0877) that is duly registered at PFMS portal for release of the Doctoral Fellowship Grant without any delay.

9.4 The affiliating institution is expected to immediately release the sanctioned fellowship grant released by ICSSR to the scholar.

9.5 The affiliating institution is expected to ensure a Thesis Submission Certificate and audited Statement of Accounts and Utilization Certificate with respect to admissible grant, (in the prescribed GFR- 12A) duly certified by the Competent authority including the refund of any unspent balance within one year.

9.6 In case a scholar leaves / discontinues his fellowship before completion of fellowship tenure, the affiliating institution shall inform ICSSR within 15 days and settle the accounts including the refund of any unspent balance within three months.

10. Other Conditions

10.1 The ICSSR will follow the ceiling imposed by the UGC on number of doctoral supervisions under a particular category of guide (Professor/Associate Professor/Assistant Professor).

10.2 The Doctoral Fellows must stay and work full time at the affiliating university / institute. However, they may go on field work with approval of their supervisor. For the rest of the research period, they must continue to work at the concerned university / institute and follow their rules.

10.3 The Fellow shall not accept or hold any appointment (paid or otherwise) or receive any emoluments, salary, stipend etc., from any other source during the tenure of the award of fellowship. However, a fellow may undertake teaching assignments of not more than six hours a week.

10.4 The tenure of Full-Term Doctoral Fellowship is strictly for duration decided by the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India. Any extension will be granted under exceptional circumstances without any additional financial implications to the ICSSR. The total duration of fellowship will remain unchanged under all circumstances.

10.5 The contingency grant may be utilized for books, stationery, computer consumable costs and field work expenses related to the research work.

10.6 The ICSSR reserves the first right to publish the Ph.D thesis funded by it, provided the work is recommended for publication by the ICSSR expert(s).

10.7 Defaulters of any previous ICSSR fellowship / project / grant will not be eligible for consideration until the applicant obtains the clearance from the concerned administrative division.

10.8 A fellow is not entitled for same type of fellowship more than once.

10.9 While accepting Doctoral fellowships from the ICSSR, a fellow should not accept job or any other fellowship from any other university / institute. However, ICSSR shall encourage and support the ICSSR fellowship awardees getting prestigious foreign fellowships. Therefore, they shall be permitted to re-join their fellowships after their return from abroad as special cases, provided they had sought prior approvals.

10.10 During the tenure of fellowship, the fellow will be governed by the rules of the affiliating/ administering institution in all matters including drawls of TA, attendance, holidays/leave and contingency grant, etc.

10.11 The selected fellows are expected to do full-time research in India. They can, however, undertake data collection outside India, if warranted by the needs of the proposal. For this, they are required to apply separately for consideration under the Data Collection Scheme of the International Collaboration Division of ICSSR. However, ICSSR will not be bound to support such data collection from abroad and the decision of the ICSSR will be final. In either case, the completion of study should not be consequent upon such data collection support.

10.12 The scholar should not have been subjected to any disciplinary / legal action / proceedings/ financial penalties in his/her research career.

10.13 Application submitted against a Call will not be considered for the subsequent Calls on its own.

10.14 ICSSR reserves the right to reject any application without assigning any reason. It is also not responsible for any postal delay / loss.

10.15 Incomplete applications shall not be considered for fellowship.

10.16 No queries regarding the awards will be entertained by the ICSSR secretariat until the final declaration of results, which will be placed on ICSSR website.

10.17 The final authority for the interpretation of the guidelines or any such issue is vested with the ICSSR.

• National Fellowship
• Senior Fellowship
• Post Doctoral Fellowship

PhD: Full Form, Admission 2024, Fees, Syllabus, Entrance Exam, Career Scope

• PhD for Working Professionals

List of PhD Specialization

• Popular Colleges
• Featured Colleges

Senior Executive - Content

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is the highest acedemic degree awarded to sudents who do advanced work in the specific field related to research and development, where PhD meaning is Doctor of Philosophy. Candidates can pursue a PhD courses in any stream, plus the PhD course duration can vary from  5 to 6 years . Moreover, you need to have a master’s degree to be eligible to pursue a PhD programme . In a PhD course , you need to select a topic or a subject then do deep research on it.

Many universities recognize the financial demands of PhD courses and offer dedicated financial help for their students. In addition to that, government agencies like CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) and UGC (University Grants Commission) offer scholarships specifically for PhD courses in Science, Engineering other disciplines. 

Earlier, candidates could pursue PhD courses through the distance mode. However, as per a circular issued by UGC in 2017 it has been informed that a Distance PhD course would no longer be recognised. Top PhD entrance exams  include JEST, GATE, UGC NET, CSIR NET, etc. Candidates who have cleared entrance exams like UGC NET, GATE , JEST, etc. are usually offered fellowships while pursuing a PhD course . Apart from this, universities such as IGNOU and Delhi University ( DU ) also offer fellowships to students pursuing full-time PhD courses.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)   eligibility criteria is that candidates should have a PG in a relevant field with a minimum of 55 percent , or an equivalent grade. Top PhD colleges  in India include Jamia Millia Islamia , Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi University , Banaras Hindu University, etc.

PhD career opportunities  span academia, research and development (R&D) roles in private companies or government organizations, government positions in research agencies, and opportunities in entrepreneurship.

PhD Latest Update

• The  GATE registration 2025  has started, and the application form will be out today for admission to the MTech course. Further,  GATE 2025 exam  will be conducted on  Feb 1, 2, 15, and 16, 2025 .
• The online  SRMJEEE 2025 application form  will also be released in  November 2024 (Tentatively)  on the official website, srmist.edu.in. 

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) Course Details: Highlights

What is a phd (doctor of philosophy) course.

• 3.1 Full-Time Research Scholars
• 3.2 Part- Time Research Scholars
• 4.1 Doctor of Philosophy Eligibility Criteria

Top PhD Entrance Exam 2025

Phd syllabus, popular phd programmes, phd course structure.

• 9.1 Engineering NIRF Ranking 2024
• 9.2 Top PhD Government Colleges 
• 9.3 Top PhD Private Colleges
• 10.1 Top Job Profiles and Salaries
• 10.2 PhD Top Recruiters

PhD Abroad for Indian Students

Frequently asked questions (faqs) on phd.

The highlights table gives quick information about the course types, duration, course fee,s and entrance exams for pursuing PhD course .

Note-  This information is sourced from the official website and may vary.

PhD Information You Might Be Interested In:

Top Engineering Colleges in India other than IITs, NITs and IIITs

Q:   What is a PhD course?

PhD is the short form of  Doctor of Philosophy  and to be eligible, the students are required to have completed their Master’s degree. Aspirants need to possess a valid master’s degree to be eligible to pursue a PhD programme. Candidates can pursue a PhD programme in any stream. In a PhD course, aspirants need to select a topic or a subject and do in-depth research on it and answer any queries related to the topic/ subject. 

Q:   What are the PhD courses offered by IIIT Delhi?

The technology institute offer PhD in six specialisations or areas of study. The table given below mentioned the IIIT Delhi PhD courses:

Q:   What is JEE Main 2025 exam date?

NTA is yet to announce the JEE Main exam date 2025. The exam will be conducted in two sessions. NTA will conduct the JEE Main 2025 session 1 exam tentatively in January and the second session in April. JEE Main exam date 2025 session 1 and 2 will be available soon on the website jeemain.nta.ac.in. 

Q:   How much time is required to prepare for JEE Mains?

The time required to prepare for JEE Mains depends on several factors, such as your current knowledge level, the amount of time you can dedicate to studying, and your desired level of excellence. However, here are some general guidelines:

• Ideally, you should start preparing for JEE Mains at least 6-8 months before the exam date. This will give you ample time to cover the entire syllabus, practice mock tests, and analyse your performance.
• If you have already started preparing, it's essential to make a time table and stick to it. Allocate at least 6-8 hours daily for studying, and ensure that you take regular breaks to avoid burnout.
• It's important to note that the amount of time required to prepare for JEE Mains can vary depending on your current knowledge level. If you have a strong foundation in the subjects, you may require less time, whereas if you need to build your fundamentals, you may need more time.
• Additionally, it's important to remember that studying smartly is more crucial than studying for a long time. Focus on understanding the concepts, practicing challenging problems, and analyzing your performance regularly.

In conclusion, the amount of time required to prepare for JEE Mains can vary depending on several factors. However, ideally, you should start preparing at least 6-8 months before the exam date, and make a study plan that suits your needs and schedule. Remember to study smartly, practice regularly, and analyze your performance to achieve your desired score.

PhD which is also known as  Doctor of Philosophy is a research degree which is pursued in furtherance of academic or research pursuits. The course can either be pursued in full-time or part-time mode but cannot be pursued in distance mode. 

Important Details:

Highest Level Research Degree:  A PhD degree is the most advanced academic degree offered in India.

Focus:  Conducting original research in a specific field and contributing new knowledge to the existing body of scholarly work.

Course Structure:

• Coursework:  May involve some advanced coursework related to the research area, but the primary focus is on independent research.
• Research Proposal:  Developing a detailed research proposal outlining the research question, methodology, and expected outcomes.
• Thesis Writing:  Conducting in-depth research, analyzing data, and writing a doctoral thesis that presents original findings and contributes to the field.
• Thesis Defense:  Presenting and defending the research before a panel of experts.

PhD Information You Might Be Interested In :  Top PhD Entrance Exams

What is the meaning of PhD?

The familiar term "PhD" stands for  Doctor of Philosophy , which originates from the Latin phrase  "philosophiae doctor." Holding a PhD degree signifies expertise in a particular field. Unlike some doctoral programs that may include coursework, PhD students primarily focus on independent research. This research must be original, groundbreaking, and worthy of publication as a thesis. The core assessment for a PhD revolves around the quality and unique perspective presented in the student's independent research project.

What is the Scope of PhD?

The PhD scope in India extends far beyond simply obtaining a prestigious degree. It equips you to become a leading expert and innovator in your chosen field. It also opening doors to various exciting career paths and fostering impactful contributions to society. Let's delve deeper into the diverse opportunities a PhD in India offers:

Industry Research and Development (R&D):

• Innovation and Development:  Many corporations have dedicated R&D departments seeking PhD graduates to tackle complex challenges, develop cutting-edge technologies, and drive innovation.
• Problem-Solving Expertise:  Your research skills and in-depth knowledge are highly valuable in R&D environments, allowing you to contribute to the development of new products, processes, and solutions.
• Lucrative Opportunities:  Industry R&D positions often come with competitive salaries and benefits, making them an attractive career option for many PhD graduates.

Policy and Government Roles:

• Shaping Policy:  With your specialized knowledge and research expertise, you can advise policymakers on critical issues, influencing decisions that impact society as a whole.
• Government Research Organizations:  Government research organizations employ PhD graduates to conduct research relevant to public policy, national security, or other areas of national importance.
• Bridging the Gap:  PhD graduates can act as a bridge between academia and government, ensuring that research findings inform policy decisions and contribute to societal progress.

PhD Course Information You Might Be Interested In:

Difference Between PhD and Doctorate

Full-Time Research Scholars

Following are the types of full-time research scholars along with their details: 

Part- Time Research Scholars

Candidates who seek admission under part-time research scholars at an institute are offered admission under the below-mentioned categories:

• Research Assistants
• Institute staff/ Faculty
• Project Staff
• External Sponsored Candidates

Helpful Resources Related to PhD Course:

Q:   Where can I pursue PhD?

Q:   Is qualifying UGC NET exam compulsory for PhD?

Q:   What is the salary of a PhD Research Scholar at IIT Kharagpur?

As per the details collated from various sources on the internet, the average salary of an IIT Kharagpur PhD research scholar in India ranges between INR 3.9 Lacs for someone with an experience between one and six years. However, some of the verified students' reviews on Shiksha tell an entirely different story which is that the ' The highest salary packages offered for PhD at IIT KGP range from about INR 18 LPA to INR 25 LPA'.  To know more from the verified PhD students' reviews of IIT Kharagpur on Shiksha, click on this link . 

Q:   How is JEE Main conducted, online or offline?

National Testing Agency conducts JEE Main exam in online mode as a computer based test. JEE Main exam is conducted for three different courses; B.Tech, B.Arch and B.Plan. The exam for B.Tech and B. Plan is completely online while the exam for B.Arch is partially online and drawing part is conducted offline. The exam is held across various test cities in India and abroad.

PhD Admission Process

In order to secure admission in PhD or research programmes offered by the educational institute, aspirants need to go through the below-mentioned steps:

Step 1:   Visit the official website  of the educational institute and go through all the details of the PhD courses offered by the institute and  select the area of research  that the candidate wants to pursue.

Step 2:  Candidates need to keep an eye out for any admission advertisement in newspapers or visit the official website of the university to fill out the application form for admission to the course of their choice. Usually the admission notification is released 4-5 months before the commencement of the course cycle.

Step 3:  Next, candidates need to  fill out and submit their application forms for the PhD course  as per the schedule shared by the educational institute. Aspirants also need to ensure that they pay the application fee on time and submit all the required documents along with their application form for PhD admissions.

Step 4:  Some educational institutes also specify that  candidates need to submit a research proposal  along with their application form. The application form along with the research proposal is submitted to the Research Unit of the educational institute where scrutiny of the application is conducted.

Step 5:  After scrutiny of the PhD course application form is complete then most of the educational institutes shortlist the names of the candidates who need to appear for the entrance exam and other admission rounds that are conducted for shortlisting aspirants for admission in PhD programmes offered by them.

Step 6:  Candidates who are selected for PhD programmes on the basis of the admission rounds are then assigned supervisors/ guides for their PhD research.

PhD Information You Can Also Read: PhD Amdissions

Doctor of Philosophy Eligibility Criteria

The specific eligibility criteria for different fields (e.g., sciences, humanities, social sciences) can vary. Some colleges also specify that candidates need to have completed an MPhil to pursue a PhD course offered by them. Candidates who want to pursue a  PhD in Engineering need to possess a valid GATE score. Basic eligibilities for PhD courses are given in the table below:

You can also read: BTech Courses

Q:   What are the eligibility criteria for a PhD?

Q:   Do I need MPhil to apply for PhD?

No , it is not necessary to have an MPhil to apply for a PhD although having an MPhil makes one more competitive as they are usually already familiar with the system. Having achieved a Master’s degree is the most common prerequisite for most, though not all, PhD programs. However, there are some exceptions:

1. Specific programme requirements: An MPhil might be needed for certain fields of study or for an integrated BPhil/PhD programme to be done before receiving a Ph.D. 2. Individual university requirements: Some universities may have their own unique admission requirements besides, MPhil may be required. 3. Research experience: Therefore doing an MPhil though not compulsory could prove useful in giving the student prior experience in his research task and to prepare him or her for the rigors of a PhD program.

Q:   Can I get admission to PhD courses through the GATE exam?

Yes, Candidates with a valid GATE score can get direct admission to Doctoral programs in relevant branches of Engineering/ Technology/ Science/ Architecture/ Humanities,  in the institutions supported by the MoE and other Government agencies.  

Financial Assistance given for Ph.D. programs (Direct Ph.D. after B.E./B.Tech/M.Sc equivalent with a valid GATE score) is Rs. 37,000 per month for the first two years and Rs. 42,000 per month from the third to the fifth year.  

Q:   What is the eligibility for PhD course at SRM University Chennai?

Candidates must have a two-year master's degree or a professional degree equivalent to Masters with at least 55% aggregate (50% aggregate for SC/ST/OBC) or grade 'B' on the UGC 7-point scale. Candidates who have cleared the MPhil with at least 55% aggregate (50% aggregate for SC/ST/OBC) or its equivalent grade 'B' in the UGC 7-point scale can also apply.

Q:   Is GATE score valid for admissions to VITMEE M.Tech courses in Vellore Institute of Technology?

Yes, GATE exam score is valid for admissions to M.Tech courses at Vellore Institute of Technology. Applicants can also apply through VITMEE exam score 2025. Candidates appearing through GATE score must upload their scorecard at the time of filling application form.   

Candidates seeking admission to PhD programmes, in most cases, have to clear entrance exams like  UGC NET,   GATE , and  JEST . 

In addition to the above exams, here are some of the other popular  PhD  entrance exams:

Note-  This information is sourced from the official website of the institute/exam.

Q:   What are the top entrance exam for PhD admissions?

Candidates who have cleared entrance exams like  UGC NET ,   GATE ,   JEST,   and the like are usually offered fellowships while pursuing a PhD course. Apart from this, universities such as  IGNOU  and  Delhi University (DU)  also offer fellowships to students pursuing full-time PhD courses with them.

Q:   Can I take admission in PhD course without entrance exams?

Few universities such as the IITs, IISc Bangalore, JNU, BHU, etc.. provides direct admissions for the PhDs in certain departments or for students with high academic background. Such programs may in fact have their own pre-qualifications, particularly interviews and a detailed research proposal if not an actual research study.

Q:   Will there be similar counselling for UG, PG and PhD courses in UPCATET?

No, there will be seperate counselling schedule is to be released for UG, PG & PhD courses by exam conducting authorities in online mode after declaration of the results. The authorities will release seperate counselling schedule for all the courses in online mode only. 

Since the counselling will be held in online mode only hence applicants need to prepare the important documents ready while appearing in the counselling. 

Q:   Is a GATE score required for PhD in Engineering programmes at NIT Hamirpur?

Yes, a GATE score is accepted for admission to the postdoctoral-level course in the Engineering stream.

The  syllabus  for the  PhD degree  will depend on the subject opted for by the student. Note that the  PhD  program is available in almost all the major disciplines, including - Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Bio-Sciences, Clinical Research, Zoology, Applied Sciences, Economics, Social Work, Literature, Arts, Psychology, and Social Sciences.

The student will get around 3-5 years to complete their  PhD  programme. At the end of the PhD degree, the student will have to submit an original research thesis on a particular topic. 

The research paper may include topics like:

• Introduction to the subject
• Research Design
• Research Foundation
• Quality Standards
• Measuring Structure and Size

PhD Information You Might Be Interested In :  PhD Syllabus

Some popular PhD programmes that candidates can pursue in different streams are listed below:

Note-  This information is sourced from multiple sources on the web. Hence, is subject to vary.

Helpful Resources Related to PhD degree:

Difference Between MPhil and PhD

Steps that candidates need to follow when pursuing a  PhD  course in order to be conferred a  PhD  degree are listed below:

• Once candidates are selected for  PhD  courses offered at educational institutes they need to submit their  Research Proposal along with their Research Topic .
• Then, candidates are  allocated a research supervisor/ guide .
• After this candidates are provided  details of the Course Work ,  evaluation methodology  and  teaching schedule  by the Research Programme Coordinator/ Guide/ Supervisor.
• While performing research work most educational institutes require aspirants to  submit six-month progress reports for their research work .
• Further, as a Research Student one needs to give at least  two seminar presentations  as part of their tenure as a  Research Scholar and thereafter submit a Certificate  in the prescribed format to the Research Unit.
• Next, PhD students need to  publish at least one research paper  in a peer-reviewed/refereed Journal and also submit a  Certificate in the prescribed format to the Research Unit  before they submit their PhD thesis.
• Before aspirants submit their thesis, their supervisor or guide will organise a Pre-submission Seminar. This seminar will be open to all. As part of this seminar a report will be submitted which will include suggestions for improvement and the supervisor would ensure that candidates incorporate all these suggestions in the final thesis.
• Candidates then need to incorporate all the changes and submit a summary of their thesis to their supervisor or guide at least 45 days before the submission of the thesis.
• Finally, candidates need to submit their thesis in hard copy as well as soft copy. This thesis will be examined by external experts. In case any expert suggests any modifications in the research paper submitted by the candidate then he/ she needs to re-submit a modified thesis.
• Next, a viva-voce is conducted wherein candidates can openly defend their thesis and present their points of view before a panel of experts.
• Candidates who complete all these steps to perfection would only be conferred a PhD degree.

Popular Specializations

210 Colleges

157 Colleges

122 Colleges

119 Colleges

108 Colleges

52 Colleges

49 Colleges

45 Colleges

19 Colleges

14 Colleges

Q:   How is the course flow of PhD?

After admissions, the students will have to work on their research proposal along with their allotted supervisor/guide. Students will have to participate in seminars and research papers while preparing their thesis. The final thesis will have to be submitted as a hard copy as well as a soft copy. A viva-voce will be conducted where the students will have to defend their thesis.

Q:   What is the fee for PhD in LPU?

LPU PhD fee structure includes multiple components, such as tuition fee, caution deposit, and more. The course fee varies based on the chosen programme by the candidate. LPU PhD tuition fee  ranges between INR 3 lakh and INR 7.2 lakh . Students have to pay the admission fee amount after selection for seat confirmation. 

Q:   Can I do PhD after MA from IGNOU?

Yes, you can do PhD in the relevant subject after completing an MA course from Indira Gandhi Open University. The open university provides PhD programmes in different areas of specialisation. IGNOU PhD course admission is done based on accepted exam scores followed by an interview round. Aspirants can check out more details about PhD at the open university, here . Interested candidates should go through the eligibility and selection requirements before proceeding with application formalities.

Q:   Which are the PhD specialisations at LPU?

PhD at LPU is available in full-time as well as part-time mode. Below are some of the PhD specialisations:

Top PhD Colleges

Before pursuing PhD, candidates must explore various options on the basis of the availability of research facilities, research supervisor, and fee structure. Private colleges charge around INR 1 lakh per annum whereas government colleges charge around INR 20,000- 30,000 per annum for Ph.D  courses. 

Engineering NIRF Ranking 2024

Among engineering colleges, IIT Madras has retained the top position for the 6th consecutive year in the overall  National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) 2024 . Students interested in pursuing BTech can apply in colleges taking into consideration their relevant positions as per the NIRF 2024.  The colleges mentioned in the table are listed as per the NIRF Rankings and are primarily government colleges.

Note-  This information is sourced from the official website/ counselling body and may vary.

BTech Course Information You Might Be Interested In:

NIRF Engineering Ranking 2024; Check Top 25 Engineering Colleges

Top PhD Government Colleges 

Some of the  popular government colleges  for  PhD  are as follows:

Top PhD Private Colleges

Some of the  popular private colleges  for pursuing PhD are as follows:

PhD Information You Might Be Interested In : 

• Ph.D Colleges in Delhi/NCR
• Ph.D Colleges in Kolkata
• Ph.D Colleges in Hyderabad
• Ph.D Colleges in Mumbai

Admission ' 24 Placement Cutoff

Top 25 in India

Q:   What are the top colleges for PhD?

There are various top colleges in India that provide PhD in Engineering courses, such as:

VIT Vellore

BITS Pilani and etc. 

Q:   What are the best government colleges for PhD?

Apart from the famous IITs and NITs there other reputed governemnt colleges also that are providing PhD courses, such as:

Indian Institutes of Engineering Science and Technology (IIESTs)

Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs)

Indian Institute of Science (IISc Bangalore) 

Q:   What is the eligibility for PhD courses offered at NLU Delhi?

Aspirants with a Master’s degree in Law or equivalent with a minimum of 55% aggregate are eligible to apply for the PhD programme provided they qualify AILET.

Q:   Is GATE required for PhD in IIT Bombay?

GATE is one of the entrance exams for PhD admission. However, aspirants can also get admission in PhD based on CSIR NET /  CEED /  UGC NET or written test conducted by the institute. The shortlisted candidates are called for a personal interview round for final selection. Along with GATE score, candidates also need to fulfil the eligibiltiy requirements. Aspirants must complete Bachelor or Masters or equivalent degree in Engineering/ Technology or master's or equivalent degree in Science or Arts/ Commerce with a minimum of 60% aggregate (55% aggregate for SC/ ST/ PwD category) for PhD admission.

Q:   Can I get into PhD at IIT Kharagpur without GATE?

The admission of a candidate to the PhD programme of IIT Kharagpur is conducted by the Departmental Academic Committee (Post-Graduate and Research), abbreviated as DAC (PG&R), of the Department/Centre concerned, on the basis of

• Overall Academic Performance
• Written Test (Through offline mode)
• Personal Interview (PI) (Through offline mode)

The academic units shortlist the students for final interview based only on the overall academic performance or based on both overall academic performance and written test/ PI. However, final selection will be based on overall academic performance and performance in written test and final interview only.

However, to be eligible to get into this course, candidates must possess a valid GATE score that is above the cut-off level of students admitted for M.Tech or MCP admission or NET qualification with Assistant Professorship. 

Popular Private Ph.D. Colleges in India

Top 25 in Maharasthra

PhD Career, Scope, Job Profiles, Salary and Recruiters

The job prospects after completion of the PhD program is bound to go up for all the major streams. Also, note that the  PhD  program gives the candidate a base in research, which in turn could open up more employment opportunities. 

Here are some of the popular job roles for PhD holders:

Top Job Profiles and Salaries

Check below the list of PhD jobs and the average salary offered to the respective job profiles. 

Note-  The above salary has been taken from external sources, and hence may vary.

PhD Top Recruiters

Some of the top recruiters of  PhD s in India along with the associated job profiles are listed below.

Read More :  Career after PhD

PhD allows you to gain international exposure, collaborate with renowned researchers, and expand your academic horizons. There are numerous countries that offer PhD programs to international students, and each has its own set of requirements and application procedures. Some of the top countries where PhD candidates can find better scope are given below along with the top universities providing PhD courses:

PhD Information You Might Be Interested In:  What is PhD: Meaning, Full Form, How to Do PhD Abroad?

Q:   Do I need a PhD to become a data scientist?

No. While a PhD can be helpful, it's not required to become a data scientist.  A Master's degree or strong experience with data analysis and relevant skills can be sufficient.

Q:   How can I get a fellowship for PhD?

Students can get fellowships by attempting and qualifying for entrance exams such as  UGC-NET, GATE and more.  Fellowships are provided through UGC or CSIR or through institutions which provide financial support to research scholars. 

Q:   What are the careers after PhD?

After pursuing PhD, there are various options that one can do:

• Pursue research in universities, guiding future generations.
• Lead research teams in R&D labs, shaping new technologies.
• Depending on your interests, choose a path that aligns with your passion for research or practical application. Some PhD holders move into consulting or found startups.

Q:   How are IIT Bombay PhD placements?

The key highlights of IIT Bombay PhD placements 2024 are presented below:

Let's explore some more questions related to PhD courses:

Q:   Can I finish my PhD in four years?

There is a possibility that a student can finish his/her PhD in four years, but that completely depends on the chosen degree and institute. Some fields, like  engineering,  may have a more defined path and resources, making it easier to finish in four years. Others, like humanities, can be more flexible and research-driven, potentially taking longer.

Hope this clears your doubt !

Q:   How can I get PhD admission?

For PhD admissions, the students will have to apply at the official website of the institute they prefer. Some educational institutes also specify that candidates need to submit a research proposal along with their application form. The application form along with the research proposal is submitted at the Research Unit of the educational institute where scrutiny of the application is conducted. After scrutiny of the PhD course application form is complete then most of the educational institutes shortlist the names of the candidates who need to appear for the entrance exam and other admission rounds that are conducted for shortlisting aspirants for admission in PhD programmes offered by them.

Hope it resolves your query !

Q:   Is a person with PhD a doctor?

No. A person with a PhD has completed his/her Doctorate of Philosophy while a doctor has completed his education in Medicine and works to help other people with their medical conditions. In a PhD course, aspirants need to select a topic or a subject and do in-depth research on it and answer any queries related to the topic/ subject. This is very different from a doctor who pursues MBBS or Medicine and caters to medical issues. 

Hope it clears your question !

Q:   What advice would you give to someone who is about to start a PhD program?

A new PhD student can follow these tips:

Passion is key:  Be truly passionate about your research area.

Manage expectations:  Expect challenges,  setbacks,  and long hours.

Build strong relationships:  Connect with your supervisor,  peers,  and research community.

Develop good habits:  Organize your time,  prioritize tasks,  and maintain a healthy work-life balance.

Embrace failures:  Learn from mistakes,  be persistent,  and don't give up easily.

Seek support:  Utilize resources like writing centres,  mental health services,  and career guidance.

Hope it suites your question well !

Q:   What is the seat intake of MA and PhD courses through CUCAT?

Candidates can refer the table below to know about the seat intake in MA and PhD courses through CUCAT. 

Q:   What is the fee of PhD offered by IIT Bombay?

The total tuition fee for PhD ranges between INR 75,000 - INR 3.55 lakh. The given fee range includes fee of different PhD courses. This fee is taken from unofficial sources and hence is subject to changes. Candidates can visit IIT Bombay's official website (iitb.ac.in) for more information.

Q:   What is the total number of seats available for Joint MTech/MCP PhD courses at IIT Kharagpur?

IIT Kharagpur presents a substantial academic opportunity with a comprehensive offering of 2992 seats across various specializations for Joint MTech/MCP PhD courses. This extensive seat availability reflects the institute's commitment to accommodating a diverse range of students pursuing advanced degrees. Aspiring scholars can explore a multitude of disciplines within the Joint MTech/MCP PhD programmes at IIT Kharagpur.

Most Popular Courses

Popular courses.

• Ph.D. in Engineering Offered By IIT Kharagpur - Indian Institute of Technology 4.6 4 reviews
• Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Offered By IIT Kanpur - Indian Institute of Technology 4.5 6 reviews
• Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Offered By IIT Patna - Indian Institute of Technology 4.5 5 reviews

News & Updates

Oct 22, 2024

Oct 21, 2024

Oct 17, 2024

Oct 16, 2024

Oct 15, 2024

Student Forum

How can I get admission to the IIIT Nagpur PhD course?

Answered 6 days ago

The step-by-step process to submit the IIIT Nagpur application form online for PhD course is as follows:

Step 1 : Visit the IIIT Nagpur official website.

Step 2 : Hover over the top menu and select the desired course from the "Admissions" tab.

Step 3 : Click on the link to the admission portal.

Step 4 : Reg

Contributor-Level 10

I want to do PhD from Maharaj Singh College but tell me can I do PhD from Maharaj Singh College without clearing NET exam?

It is possible to do a PhD without clearing the NET (National Eligibility Test) exam in some cases. Many universities and colleges, including Maharaj Singh College, if affiliated with a recognized university, may have their own entrance exams for PhD admissions. Some institutions may also offer PhD

Contributor-Level 6

Does delay in publication affect selection chances in Ph.D at MCHP, MAHE?

Answered a week ago

A publication details list is required for the University Ph.D. protocol application at Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE). 

Here are some other requirements for the PhD program at MAHE:

Admission test

The All India PhD Manipal Entrance Test (MET) is a live proctored test conducted by the facu

Contributor-Level 9

Which university/college in Indore is best to pursue Ph.D in law?

If you are looking to pursue a Ph.D. in Law in Indore, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya (DAVV) is a top choice. DAVV is a well-recognized public university in Indore, accredited with an 'A' grade by NAAC. It offers various doctoral programs, including law, with an affordable fee structure ranging from IN

I am a 65 years old woman. Can I get direct admission to Ph.D in Bengali Literature?

Yes, you can get direct admission to a Ph.D. in Bengali Literature if you meet the requirements. Usually, you need a Master's degree in Bengali Literature with good marks. Some universities might also ask you to take an entrance test or have research experience. Your age won’t be a problem. You shou

How do I take admission to Ph.D through CEED?

To be considered for admission to the PhD courses, the candidate needs to first qualify in the CEED 2025 entrance exam.

Next, the candidate needs to apply directly to the participating college. 

Note that the participating college may conduct further admission rounds, inclduing interviews. The institu

Will IIT Kanpur offer PhD in Design course through CEED 2025?

Yes, IIT Kanpur will offer a PhD in Design course through CEED 2025. 

Candidates seeking admission to the program need to take the CEED 2025 entrance exam. The application forms for CEED is currently open.

Note that IIT Bombay will not consult any joint counselling for PhD candidates. As such, shortli

Does IIT Roorkee offer PhD in Design course through CEED?

What do I write in SOP for PhD admission at IIIT Bangalore?

Candidates applying for PhD course have to submit a SOP. Under SOP, students need to describe in short their motivation for seeking admission in IIIT Bangalore research programmes. The purpose of SOP is to understand the vision and goals of the students that prompted them to apply for the course. 

I want to know about the latest cutoff information for Ph.D. in Physiotherapy at NIMS College of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy.

I could not trace recent cut-off details in respect of the Ph.D. in Physiotherapy program offered by NIMS College of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy.

To have information regarding the current year's cutoff details, I would like to contact the college directly. They would be in a position to pr

I am applying for Ph.D in Cellular and Molecular Oncology, but the application form is not showing this course? What should I do?

Possible Reasons Why the Course is Not Found 

The following could be some of the reasons 

Application form search: You can look up a keyword or try to find the search function on the application form to determine whether there is a course in relation to what you applied for.

Application Deadline

Yes, you can usually take the program on Doctor of Philosophy in Bengali Literature, even at the age of 65 years old. Requirements and processes will vary from one university to another .

Some things to keep in mind:

University policies: Since all the universities operate with different admission requ

Does Jadavpur University conducts entrance test for Ph.D?

Yes, Jadavpur University conducts entrance test for admission to PhD programme. It is a two hour written test conducted for PhD admission. Candidates who have qualified NET/ SET/ GATE are exempted from appearing for the written test. Selected candidates have to further come for the personal intervie

What is the eligibility for Ph.D at Jadavpur University?

Candidates need to complete a two-year MA or equivalent degree with at least 55% aggregate or its equivalent Grade B to apply for Jadavpur University PhD programme. A relaxation of 5% is offered in aggregate for candidates belonging to SC/ ST/ OBC-NCL/ Differently-Abled. 

Applicants who have obtained

Is Stanford University good for an MBA PhD?

Stanford University offers a full-time five-year MBA PhD program where the students are required to focus on one area of study out of the seven distinct areas of study offered by the university. The curriculum offered requires students to pass an examination at the end of their second year. Students

I scored 85 percentile in CSIR NET Life Sciences in July 2024. Am I eligible for Assistant Professor, JRF or Ph.D?

Answered 2 weeks ago

You qualify for Assistant Professor, JRF, or Ph.D. with an 85 percentile score in CSIR NET Life Sciences. Sometimes, eligibility varies, so look at the eligibility for each position below:

Assistant Professor

Generally required, a Ph.D. degree. Qualification for CSIR NET will always be very beneficial

Can I do Ph.D after M.A?

Yes, you can pursue a PhD after completing your Master of Arts (MA). In fact, MA is typically required for PhD admission in fields like humanities, social sciences, and arts.

Eligibility: You need a minimum of 55% marks in your MA. 

Entrance Exam: Most universities require you to pass exams like UGC N

Beginner-Level 5

Can I get admission to Ph.D in Education at Shivaji University now?

Yes, it is possible to get admission to the Ph.D. program at Shivaji University in Kolhapur, Maharashtra: 

Eligibility

To be eligible for admission to the Ph.D. program at Shivaji University, you must have a Master's degree or a professional degree that is equivalent to a Master's degree. You must al

What is the admission process for Ph.D in Management? What is the fee structure for this course?

Procedure to be followed while taking admission into a Management, PhD. The procedure of the admission process for doing PhD in management is usually variable from university to university, institution to institution. However, the general selection process covers the following steps:   

Eligibility:

What is the fee structure for Ph.D at Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University?

The fee structure of Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University (RLBCAU) Ph.D:

Particulars Fees Rs

Semester Fee Rs 26,300

Annual Fee Rs 21,000

Programme Fee Rs 13,150

Total Rs 60,450

Note: This figure communicated above is of fresh students admitted in the academic session 2023-24. The fees of the e

What are the various institutes that offer admission to Ph.D courses through IIT JAM?

The institutes which offer admission to aspirants in  PhD  courses through IIT JAM are as mentioned in the table below. 

Can I get admission in integrated M.Sc+Ph.D in IISc Bangalore after completing B.Sc? I do not have a Mathematics background.

Admission to the integrated M.Sc+Ph.D program at IISc Bangalore typically requires a strong foundation in Mathematics, especially for subjects like Physical Sciences, Chemical Sciences, or Biological Sciences. Since you do not have a Mathematics background, it might limit your eligibility for certai

How to fill out the application form for Ph.D and PG courses at Cotton University Guwahati?

The university launches its application form for PG and PhD courses on its official website. Applicants who are interested in taking admission to any PG and PhD courses at Cotton University can register by filling out the online application form. Given below is a step-by-step process to fill online

How do I apply for Ph.D at MET Institute of Management?

MET Institute of Management PhD application is currently open. Before applying for the course, students must satisfy the admission criteria as per the institute's guidelines. Interested students can visit the official website of the institute and follow the steps mentioned below to complete the appl

What is the eligibility for Ph.D at SAU Delhi?

Candidates need to pass MA/ MSc/ MCA/ MS/ MTech/ LLM with at least 50% aggregate and a minimum of 55% aggregate in Science subjects to apply for SAU Delhi PhD admission. Besides, the university also conducts an entrance test to select candidates for PhD courses.

How do I get admission in Ph.D at IISER Tirupati?

Answered 3 weeks ago

IISER offers PhD and Integrated PhD programmes. Find below the admission requirements along with the specialisations for the IISER PhD programme:

I want to pursue Ph.D degree in Microbiology. Is it a compulsion to have our own research topic? What will happen if I do not have a topic?

Yes, you will need to have your own research topic for a PhD in Microbiology: 

Research is central: A PhD is a research degree, and you'll get to choose a topic you're interested in. You'll be able to dive deep into the topic and contribute to the body of research in your field. 

Research training:

Can you share details about Ph.D in Medical Law course? Which colleges offer this course? What is the admission process?

Key Universities Offering Ph.D. in Medical Law:

1. National Law University, Delhi

   - Offers a comprehensive program focusing on health law and bioethics.

   - Research areas include medical malpractice, public health law, and medical ethics.

2. Banaras Hindu University (BHU)

   - Offers interdiscipli

How can I get admission to Ph.D at IIIT Manipur?

After clearing the IIIT Manipur JEE Main cutoff, candidates are allotted seats at IIIT Manipur. Similarly, for IIIT Manipur admission to Ph. D courses, candidates are required to take an entrance test followed by an interview. Candidates must meet the eligibility criteria to get IIIT Manipur admissi

Can I pursue Ph.D Geography at Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University?

Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (CSJMU) has a good reputation, particularly in Uttar Pradesh. It offers diverse programs and research opportunities in Geography. However, consider factors like faculty expertise, research facilities, and departmental support when evaluating its fit for your f

Taking an Exam? Selecting a College?

Find insights & recommendations on colleges and exams that you won't find anywhere else

On Shiksha, get access to

• 63k Colleges
• 593k Reviews
• B Tech (Bachelor of Technology)
• Distance B.E. / B.Tech
• M.E./M.Tech
• Part Time M.Tech
• Online Ph.D.

Other ways to search:

• Events Calendar

Tenure-Track Assistant Professor Position in Integrative Physiology

Job Summary - The Department of Integrative Physiology at CU-Boulder invites applications for a tenure-track position at the rank of Assistant Professor. We are looking for expertise in integrative physiology, defined as the study of biological function from genes to populations and how it affects health and disease. The department will consider applications from individuals with a broad range of research interests committed to rigorous and interdisciplinary science. This position will begin August 2025 for the academic year of 2025/2026.

The University of Colorado Boulder is committed to building a culturally diverse community of faculty, staff, and students dedicated to contributing to an inclusive campus environment. We are an equal opportunity employer, including veterans and individuals with disabilities. Structured mentorship will empower scientific and professional development and facilitate integration into the larger University of Colorado scientific community.

What We Require - (1) expertise in physiology or a related field (e.g., biology, genetics, neuroscience, psychology), (2) a PhD; (3) postdoctoral training; and (4) previous research published in top-tier peer-reviewed journals.

What We Would Like You to Have - (1) prior experience obtaining extramural grant support; (2) teaching experience (may have been obtained prior to receipt of doctorate); and (3) conducting research that is both interdisciplinary and focuses on the physiology of health and/or disease.

Key Responsibilities - Applicants will be expected to: (1) establish a program of research that is supported by awards from extramural agencies; (2) contribute to the teaching mission of the undergraduate and graduate programs; (3) teach one Integrative Physiology undergraduate core course plus one additional course per year; (4) provide teaching and mentoring for undergraduate and graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows; (5) perform service for the department, university, and profession; and (6) contribute to an inclusive and collaborative academic environment.

Who We Are - The faculty roster for the Department of Integrative Physiology includes 16 tenured and tenure-eligible faculty and 13 instructor-rank faculty. The department offers BA, MS, and PhD degrees in Integrative Physiology. Please visit our website for more details on the department and the university. Research in the Department spans the entire discipline of physiology, from the genetics of behavioral traits to the assessment of human performance and population health. The University of Colorado has excellent benefits , offers an inspiring higher education, and is one of the largest employers in Boulder County. Learn more about the University of Colorado Boulder.

Compensation - $95,000-$115,000 (9-month salary). Candidates may expect starting salaries within the posted range depending upon publication record, external funding, and years of experience in a comparable faculty position. Other compensation includes a negotiable start-up package and a one-time recruitment incentive of $50,000. The candidate may also be eligible for moving expenses of $6,000-$8,000.

Application Instructions - Applications are only accepted electronically at CU Boulder Jobs, posting #59569 . An application requires: (1) a cover letter; (2) a statement of research philosophy stating qualifications, research goals, and an explanation of how your expertise synergizes with existing strengths in the department; (3) a statement of teaching philosophy including teaching experience/qualifications; (3) a current curriculum vitae; (4) three original research articles; (5) names and email addresses of three references who have specific knowledge of your research/teaching skills; and (6) a statement describing one’s commitment to advance an inclusive academic environment. The department will reach out to applicants prior to contacting references. Applications received by November 1, 2024, will receive full consideration. Additional information can be obtained by phone< (303-492-3122) or email [email protected] (IPHY Manager of Faculty and Curricular Affairs) or [email protected] (Professor and search committee chair).

assistant professor (Tenure Track) in Communication Science with a focus on life science

Are you highly motivated to understand communication in an increasingly digital society? Are you focused on addressing societal challenges in dynamic and polarized media environments? Are you interested in how communication with a focus on life science can contribute to a more sustainable world? The Strategic Communication (COM) group is looking for an ambitious assistant professor (Tenure Track) in Communication Science with a focus on or interest in life science. As an assistant professor, you are well acquainted with the communication science discipline. As such, you feel comfortable with a wide range of perspectives from communication science as well as neighboring disciplines. In this position, you are responsible for the coordination, organization, and implementation of new research activities that strengthen the research profile of the COM group. We expect you to generate external financial support for an innovative research agenda. You are interested in (global) challenges in life science domains (e.g., public health, climate change, and sustainable consumption) and will be contributing to at least one of our research themes, namely (1) sustainability communication, (2) science communication, (3) digitalization and society, and (4) polarization and dialogue. As our new colleague, you will critically explore and contribute to the understanding of how communication can impact and contribute to broader individual and collective shifts in the life science domains. Your research should focus on topics such as:

• studying communication in (online) media, especially with regard to understanding (digital) communication mechanisms and persuasive effects;
• evaluating the reach, content, and impact of (digital) communication campaigns in life science contexts and how those can contribute to behavioral change;
• developing communication strategies to address issues such as climate change and sustainable lifestyles.

Your qualities

You are an ambitious scientist and a standout colleague, dedicated to research and education within our broad field of expertise. To further strengthen our group, you:

• hold a PhD in communication science or a related discipline (e.g., sociology, psychology, political science);
• are an inspiring teacher and student supervisor with enthusiasm for teaching and working with students in an international setting;
• have experience with communication research on (online) media, including social media;
• have a proven interest in using innovative methods, including computational approaches such as automated content analysis or digital tracing and/or;
• experience with qualitative research approaches, including, but not limited to in-depth interviews, focus groups and online journaling;
• have a strong international and interdisciplinary orientation;
• have an excellent publication record relative to your stage of career;
• possess the capacity or potential of acquiring, leading, and managing externally-funded research projects;
• are committed to achieving impact in relation to important societal challenges;
• enjoy working together with your colleagues and possess good management skills;
• adhere (or have the willingness to adhere) to the principles of Open Science.
• you acquire, lead and implement innovative and creative(inter-) national research projects in {name of chair group};
• you collaborate with colleagues and supervise PhD students, BSc and MSc theses and you develop and teach courses;
• you contribute to the further development of the {name of chair group}.

We offer you

Wageningen University & Research offers excellent terms of employment . A few highlights from our Collective Labour Agreement include:

• sabbatical leave, study leave, and partially paid parental leave;
• working hours that can be discussed and arranged so that they allow for the best possible work-life balance;
• the option to accrue additional compensation / holiday hours by working more, up to 40 hours per week;
• there is a strong focus on vitality and you can make use of the sports facilities available on campus for a small fee;
• a fixed December bonus of 8.3%;
• excellent pension scheme.

Do you want more information?

For more information about this position, please contact dr Sophie Boerman, associate professor Strategic Communication, telephone +31 (0)317 486 856 or by e-mail [email protected] For more information about the procedure, please contact Noorien Abbas, corporate recruiter [email protected]. Do you want to apply? You can apply directly using the apply button on the vacancy page on our website which will allow us to process your personal information with your approval. This vacancy will be listed up to and including 11 November 2024 . We hope to schedule the first job interviews on 14 November 2024. Welcome, safe, and valued Wageningen University & Research (WUR) highly values diversity and inclusion because we believe that different insights lead to innovative solutions. We create a work environment where everyone feels welcome, safe, and appreciated, regardless of background, identity, or experience. Together, we are building a culture where everyone's unique contribution adds to the success of our organization.

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

• View all journals
• Explore content
• About the journal
• Publish with us
• Sign up for alerts
• INNOVATIONS IN
• 23 October 2024

How the Mpox Response Has Learned from History

• Charles Ebikeme 0

Charles Ebikeme is a freelance science writer and journalist specializing in the intersection of health and society.

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Illustration: Luisa Jung

The abandoned buildings behind the New Somerset hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, are prime real estate along the waterfront, so guards patrol the area day and night to protect against squatters. But squatters aren’t the only visitors. Tucked in among the empty facades is the Ivan Toms Center for Health, one of the first clinics in South Africa for men who have sex with men. It was launched in 2009 to provide comprehensive, free and sensitive health care. These days a new concern is on the minds of its visitors: mpox.

The first human case of mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, was described in the 1970s. The disease is thought to be caused by a virus that jumped from animals to humans and causes symptoms similar to smallpox. This past August the World Health Organization designated mpox a public health emergency of international concern for the second time in two years. Although the risk of mpox is not limited to men who have sex with men, the transmission dynamics of the 2022 outbreak led researchers and public health officials to identify them as a high-risk group. During 2022 more than 90 percent of known cases were among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. As the outbreak builds, Ivan Toms and similar clinics have seen an increase in patients wanting information.

Epidemics begin and end in communities. Today people around the world understand and respond to outbreaks differently than they did before the COVID pandemic. They appreciate concepts of transmission, protection and vaccine availability at a deeply personal level and are hungry for information. They want to know if a case has appeared locally and, if so, how to protect themselves. And the community most affected by mpox is one that has suffered multiple other outbreaks—most notably, the HIV/AIDS crisis. Critically, that means it’s a community that clinicians and public health researchers know, understand and collaborate with.

Innovations In Solutions For Health Equity

Dimie Ogoina, a Nigerian infectious disease physician-scientist, and his team were the first to describe sexual transmission of mpox in Nigeria in 2017. He believes that what makes the disease so challenging is the comorbidities that exist in Africa, especially co-infection with HIV. His team noticed that those with the most severe cases of mpox also had HIV infections. “Most of them had advanced HIV ... and [were] not on treatment,” Ogoina says.

People with HIV accounted for around 40 percent of those diagnosed with mpox in the 2022 outbreak, and recent studies suggest that people who have more advanced HIV have worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality from mpox. How the two diseases interact is still a mystery, however. Researchers have yet to tease apart whether HIV infection raises the risk of acquiring mpox or increases its severity or whether people living with HIV simply might be more likely to be diagnosed because they’re already receiving better care. Better understanding this connection could be critically important. As the outbreak spreads to more nonendemic countries, effective treatment of HIV could hold one key to bringing the outbreak to an end.

Mpox’s present echoes HIV’s past—it’s a disease that has the potential to affect everyone and is more dangerous within a specific community. The comparison is etched in the brick and mortar of the clinic on the waterfront: Ivan Toms, the man, was both an anti-Apartheid and a gay rights activist.

The challenge with both diseases is how to get information to an already stigmatized group of people in a timely enough manner to halt the ongoing outbreak without making that stigma even worse. The 2022 outbreak showed that our first attempts failed: an article in PLOS Global Health was simply entitled “Monkeypox Is Not a Gay Disease,” recognizing that stigma had quickly emerged around the virus, echoing the early days of the HIV pandemic.

The advantage today is that those dealing with mpox have lessons from HIV/AIDS to follow. One small but meaningful way this has already been addressed is its name: monkeypox was renamed in 2022 to mitigate against racist and stigmatizing language. And as a result of the 2022 global emergency and lessons learned from the HIV/AIDS pandemic, public health officials are better equipped to build coordinated messaging and meet patients where they are.

“[Our] clients overall are now familiar with mpox, as we had the 2022 outbreak and did extensive education,” says Johan Hugo, an HIV clinician at the Ivan Toms Center. The center has integrated mpox services into its HIV care as recommended by the WHO and is part of a network of clinics and government agencies, including the South African Department of Health, that are using common messaging and strategies for mpox. “We work closely with organizations that support key populations to ensure we remain in line with one another,” he says. Such coordination in messaging helps to combat stigma around a disease that is not yet fully understood.

Despite significant improvements in access to HIV/AIDS treatment, gaps persist because patients are worried about their diagnosis creating stigma related to sexual and reproductive health. It is no different with mpox. The stigma associated with mpox can adversely affect prevention and treatment, with people less likely to disclose symptoms or seek care—they may even hide their condition for fear of being diagnosed. There is no specific treatment for mpox, and its symptoms are similar to those of other viruses such as chicken pox. But rapid, accurate diagnosis is the only way to prevent transmission and end outbreaks.

To achieve this, public health officials are taking everything they’ve learned from HIV and using it to attack mpox outbreaks. For instance, Ivan Toms and other clinics have developed approaches for delivering health services that allow for discretion and privacy. In addition to onsite testing and health checks, the center also packages and dispenses medications for its clients, eliminating the need to visit a general pharmacy. The approach has been so successful that after becoming the first clinic to run demonstration projects for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Africa in 2015, Ivan Toms is now one of the largest providers of PrEP in South Africa and a key training institution for service providers across 11 African countries.

PrEP reduces HIV risk by preventing HIV from entering the body and replicating. But protection requires that users maintain high levels of the medication in their bodies. Because adherence is crucial, practitioners aim for frictionless care that removes any social barriers. To that end, the clinic runs a WhatsApp service, smart lockers that safely store patients’ medicines, and mobile units that go directly into communities. Across the entire Cape Metro area, mobile units provide comprehensive HIV testing, treatment and prevention services, including self-screening, PrEP, antiretroviral drug initiation and follow-up, viral load testing, and screening for sexually transmitted infections. “Our mobile units are an extension of our facility and seek to provide the same level of care,” Hugo says. “Each of our teams provides comprehensive HIV testing, treatment and prevention.”

Because so many men who have acquired mpox are using PrEP, researchers think HIV may simply be another marker of higher-risk behaviors facilitating infection. The goal will be for mpox services to follow the same community outreach. “Our strategy for mpox currently is to provide broader information online and then to ensure that every client who comes through our services is provided direct information about the current situation,” Hugo says. Most days, that’s as many as 120 to 150 people.

There are two variants of mpox virus: clade I is endemic to central Africa and has killed up to 10 percent of the people it has infected during previous outbreaks, making it far deadlier than clade II, the type responsible for the 2022 outbreak. Both are circulating today in different countries in Africa. And unlike the 2022 outbreak, this one—which is tearing through the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—has largely spread through men seeing women who are sex workers. “We are not dealing with one outbreak of one clade—we are dealing with several outbreaks of different clades in different countries with different modes of transmission and different levels of risk,” said Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO’s director general, during his opening remarks at the emergency committee meeting where the global health emergency was declared. “Stopping these outbreaks will require a tailored and comprehensive response, with communities at the center.”

In July 2024 South Africa notified the WHO of 20 confirmed mpox cases between May 8 and July 2, including three deaths—the first reported in the country since 2022. Cases occurred in three of South Africa’s nine provinces, including the Western Cape, where the Ivan Toms Center for Health resides. How the outbreak evolves from here will depend heavily on case identification and treatment management.

There is one internationally approved vaccine for mpox (another is approved in Japan with emergency approval in the DRC), which can act as both preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis for people at high risk. But although the vaccine is available in numerous high-income nations, current access in South Africa is limited to nonexistent. “The vaccine was originally made for smallpox, with U.S. funding,” says Mohga Kamal-Yanni, a senior policy adviser to the People’s Medicines Alliance, a global coalition with the goal of creating equitable access to vaccines and other medical technology. The companies that make these vaccines hold their patents, she says, “and when the mpox outbreak started, there was no discussion on technology transfer to another potential manufacturer.”

During the COVID pandemic, African countries surpassed all expectations despite challenges in vaccine access. Tanzania emerged as one of the best-performing African countries for COVID vaccination rates: Between January 2022 and April 2023 the country managed to bump its total population vaccination rate from 2.8 to 51 percent. This happened in part because COVID-specific vaccinations were integrated with other routine health services, allowing for effective delivery.

The COVID pandemic forever changed Africa’s policy, regulatory and vaccine landscapes. Low-income countries have learned to push through regulatory red tape, advocate for their people and work with high-income nations to get vaccines distributed more equitably. After putting a vaccination plan in place, Nigeria received the first donation of 10,000 vaccines from the U.S. just a few days after the global mpox emergency was declared. Other donations are aimed at countries across the African continent: Spain promised 500,000 doses from its stockpile, the U.S. committed to sending another 50,000 doses to the DRC, and Japan pledged millions of doses. Some of those vaccines have already arrived in Africa.

Citing lessons learned from COVID, global health institutions are also mobilizing resources. Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, has mobilized resources for mpox, the rollout of which will be an early test of Gavi’s First Response Fund. The fund aims to make resources immediately available for a vaccine response to a public health emergency and includes a $500-million fund aimed at ensuring early access to vaccines within days of an emergency declaration. This, according to Gavi director of development finance David Kinder, was one of the big lessons learned from COVID.

The 2022 mpox outbreak was deemed to be over about nine months after the WHO declared an emergency. The 2024 outbreak could be larger and longer. If it is going to be extinguished as quickly, lessons learned from previous pandemics hold the key.

Nature 634 , S49-S51 (2024)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-03416-z

This article is part of Innovations In Solutions For Health Equity , a supplement published in Scientific American and Nature produced with the financial support from Takeda Pharmaceutical s. Scientific American and Nature maintain full independence in all editorial decisions related to the content. About this content .

Related Articles

Sponsor feature: Putting equity at our core: serving patients, communities and businesses

• Public health
• Health care

Local government actions can curb air pollution in India and Pakistan

News & Views 23 OCT 24

US plan to close the National Eye Institute shows faulty vision

Correspondence 22 OCT 24

Clinical-trial reporting is on the rise

Spotlight 16 OCT 24

Reading the signs of dementia

Outlook 24 OCT 24

‘Poo milkshake’ boosts the microbiome of c-section babies

News 24 OCT 24

Animal-to-human viral leap sparked deadly Marburg outbreak

Brain stimulation at home helps to treat depression

News 21 OCT 24

Smart insulin switches itself off in response to low blood sugar

News & Views 16 OCT 24

Associate or Senior Editor, Nature Communications (Structural Biology, Biochemistry, or Biophysics)

Job Title: Associate or Senior Editor, Nature Communications (Structural Biology, Biochemistry, or Biophysics) Locations: New York, Philadelphia, S...

New York City, New York (US)

Springer Nature Ltd

Postdoctoral Position in Hematology-Oncology – Morizono Lab 2024-2025

The Morizono lab at UCLA is recruiting talented postdoctoral fellows with an interest in the development of gene therapy against HIV-1 infection.

Los Angeles, California

UCLA Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology-Oncology

Associate or Senior Editor (Environmental Social Sciences)

Title:  Associate or Senior Editor (Environmental Social Sciences) Organization: Nature Communications Location:  New York, Philadelphia, Jersey Ci...

Facility Administrator

APPLICATION CLOSING DATE: December 2nd, 2024 Human Technopole (HT) is an interdisciplinary life science research institute, created and supported b...

Human Technopole

Senior Biostatistician and Data Science Lead

(Level C) $135,388 to $155,696 per annum plus an employer contribution of 17% superannuation applies. Fixed term, full time position available for ...

Adelaide (LGA), Metropolitan Adelaide (AU)

University of Adelaide

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Quick links

• Explore articles by subject
• Guide to authors
• Editorial policies