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Ph.D. in India: Cost, Duration, and Eligibility for Admission

Complete guide to ph.d. in india: duration, costs, eligibility, and recent updates.

Embarking on a Ph.D. journey in India is a significant academic and professional pursuit. Aspiring research scholars often have questions regarding the duration of a Ph.D., the associated costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments in the field. In this comprehensive guide, ilovephd aims to address these queries and shed light on the essentials of pursuing a Ph.D. in India.

How many years is a Ph.D. in India?

A Ph.D. program in India typically takes around 3 to 5 years to complete, depending on various factors such as the discipline, research area, individual progress, and university regulations.

The duration may vary, but it is important to be prepared for a substantial commitment of time and effort.

How much does a Ph.D. cost in India?

The cost of pursuing a Ph.D. in India varies across institutions. Generally, public universities offer Ph.D. programs with minimal or subsidized tuition fees. Private universities may have higher fees.

It’s advisable to explore funding options such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants provided by government bodies, funding agencies , or individual institutions to support your Ph.D. journey.

What qualifications are required for a Ph.D. in India?

To pursue a Ph.D. in India, a candidate typically needs a postgraduate degree (Master’s or equivalent) in a relevant field. It is important to note that specific eligibility criteria may vary between universities and disciplines.

Additionally, universities often require candidates to clear entrance exams or interviews and meet minimum academic standards to be considered for admission.

What is the age limit for a Ph.D. in India? Is 25 too old to start a Ph.D.?

In most cases, there is no strict age limit for pursuing a Ph.D. in India. As long as you meet the eligibility criteria and demonstrate the necessary academic qualifications, you can pursue a Ph.D. at any age.

Therefore, 25 is certainly not too old to start a Ph.D. Many scholars begin their doctoral studies later in life, bringing valuable experiences and perspectives to their research.

Can I do a Ph.D. without the National Eligibility Test (NET)?

While the National Eligibility Test (NET) is a common requirement for lectureships and research fellowships in India , it is not mandatory for all Ph.D. programs. Some universities may have their own entrance exams or selection processes.

It is important to check the specific requirements of the university or institution where you plan to pursue your Ph.D.

Who is eligible for direct Ph.D. admission?

Direct Ph.D. admission is a pathway for exceptional candidates who have completed their undergraduate studies and wish to pursue a Ph.D. without a Master’s degree.

However, this option is typically available to a limited number of candidates, and universities may have specific criteria and guidelines for direct Ph.D. admissions. It is advisable to consult with individual institutions to understand their policies regarding direct Ph.D. admissions.

Is it okay to do a Ph.D. without a Master’s degree?

While a Master’s degree is generally the standard qualification for pursuing a Ph.D., some universities in India offer integrated Ph.D. programs that allow students to directly enter the Ph.D. track after completing their undergraduate studies.

However, this option may be limited to certain disciplines or institutions. It’s important to research and identify institutions that offer such programs if you wish to pursue a Ph.D. without a Master’s degree.

What are the recent rules for Ph.D. admissions in India?

The rules and regulations for Ph.D. admissions in India are subject to change and can vary between universities and disciplines.

It is advisable to stay updated with the guidelines provided by individual universities and regulatory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC) or the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) to ensure compliance with the latest requirements.

25 Tips to Join PhD in India

25 tips to help you join a Ph.D. program in India:

• Research your field of interest thoroughly to identify potential research areas and topics.
• Explore various universities and research institutes in India that offer Ph.D. programs in your chosen field.
• Check the eligibility criteria and admission requirements of each institution you are interested in.
• Take note of application deadlines and ensure you submit your application well in advance.
• Prepare a strong statement of purpose (SOP) that highlights your research interests, goals, and why you are interested in pursuing a Ph.D.
• Contact potential supervisors or faculty members whose research aligns with your interests to discuss your research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams that may be required for admission, such as the UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific entrance exams.
• Enhance your academic profile by participating in research projects, publishing papers, or presenting at conferences.
• Build a strong recommendation letter portfolio by reaching out to professors or mentors who can attest to your academic abilities and research potential.
• Seek out scholarships, fellowships, or research grants offered by government bodies, universities, or funding agencies to fund your Ph.D.
• Familiarize yourself with the research facilities, laboratories, and resources available at the institutions you are considering.
• Attend research seminars, workshops, and conferences related to your field to stay updated with the latest developments and network with researchers.
• Develop good communication and writing skills, as they are essential for presenting research findings and publishing papers.
• Create a well-structured and feasible research proposal that clearly outlines your research objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.
• Be prepared for interviews or presentations as part of the selection process, where you may need to defend your research proposal or discuss your academic background.
• Gain teaching experience by assisting professors or taking up teaching assignments to enhance your profile for future academic positions.
• Connect with current Ph.D. students or alumni of the institutions you are interested in to gain insights into the program and research environment.
• Stay updated with any changes in the rules, regulations, or policies related to Ph.D. admissions in India.
• Develop a strong work ethic and time management skills, as Ph.D. programs require dedication, self-discipline, and long hours of research.
• Consider the location and infrastructure of the institution, ensuring it suits your research needs and provides a conducive environment for learning.
• Explore interdisciplinary opportunities and collaborations to broaden your research scope and gain different perspectives.
• Discuss funding options and financial support with the institutions you are applying to, and be prepared to seek external funding if necessary.
• Keep track of your research progress and maintain regular communication with your supervisor or mentor.
• Attend preparatory courses or workshops on research methodology or academic writing to enhance your research skills.
• Finally, be passionate, persistent, and proactive in pursuing your Ph.D. dream. Embrace the challenges, stay motivated, and enjoy the journey of knowledge creation.

Remember, each institution may have its own specific requirements and procedures, so it’s crucial to carefully review their official websites or contact the admissions offices for accurate and up-to-date information.

10 steps to join Ph.D. in India

Here are 10 steps to join a Ph.D. program in India:

• Research your field: Explore different research areas and identify your specific field of interest for pursuing a Ph.D. in India.
• Shortlist institutions: Identify universities or research institutes in India that offer Ph.D. programs in your chosen field.
• Review eligibility criteria : Check the eligibility requirements of the institutions you are interested in, including minimum educational qualifications and entrance exam scores.
• Prepare application documents: Gather the necessary documents, such as academic transcripts, recommendation letters, statement of purpose (SOP), and research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams: If required, prepare for entrance exams like UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific exams. Familiarize yourself with the syllabus and exam pattern.
• Apply to institutions: Submit your applications to the shortlisted institutions within the specified deadlines. Pay attention to the required application fees and submission procedures.
• Attend interviews (if applicable): Some institutions may conduct interviews or presentations to assess your research aptitude and fit for the program. Prepare well for these interactions.
• Secure funding: Explore funding opportunities such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants. Check if the institutions offer any financial support or external funding options.
• Accept an offer : Once you receive acceptance letters from the institutions you applied to, carefully evaluate and select the most suitable offer based on research facilities, faculty expertise, funding, and overall fit.
• Complete admission formalities: After accepting an offer, complete the necessary admission formalities as specified by the institution. This may include submitting additional documents, paying fees, and fulfilling any other requirements.

It’s important to note that the specific steps and procedures may vary between institutions. Therefore, always refer to the official websites and admission guidelines of the institutions you are applying to for accurate and up-to-date information.

Pursuing a Ph.D. in India is a rewarding and intellectually stimulating endeavor. Understanding the duration, costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments is crucial to navigating the process effectively.

By considering these factors and conducting thorough research, aspiring Ph.D. scholars can embark on their academic journey with confidence and clarity.

Remember to reach out to universities or institutions directly for specific information and seek guidance from mentors or faculty members who can provide valuable insights into the Ph.D. application process in your chosen field. Good luck with your Ph.D. pursuit!

Also Read: Best 100 Institutions to Study PhD in India – 2023

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PhD in India- Fees, Duration, Scholarship and Universities

In this article, we are covering topics on- PhD in India, fees structure, entrance exams, admission procedure and other related information. Also, we will enlist courses and universities for doing PhD in India. Further, we will cover how to apply for a PhD scholarship in India and what are the sources. 

I personally feel that doing a PhD in India is tougher than in other countries. Why? I will explain it in this article. Wait and read till the end. 

The doctor of philosophy is the topmost degree in any education system. One should have to pass many hurdles and face numerous problems to even enter into PhD. However, for a clever and bright student, it might be an easy task. 

PhD is more than a degree, it is equivalent to some reputed award or we can say it is kind of honour. But technically speaking, you become an expert by doing a PhD . Your expertise nourished and polished during PhD and hence you become top of all.  

And because you are now some expert in some disciplines, you paid higher than others. People give you respect as well. 

This is the reason, doing a PhD is a tedious task. You can’t get a PhD easily. Therefore it is not a “cup of tea” for all. As a PhD student, you need to have great commitment and patience. You have to develop several skills during your PhD to get it smoothly. I had covered an amazing article on what skills required for PhD students. Read it first, it will help you. 

Read: PhD student-What skills and qualities one should acquire.

As I said, doing a PhD in India is not as easy as like in other countries. A candidate has to pass many steps and tedious procedure to complete it.

A candidate has to, 

• Clear an entrance exam 
• Propose a research problem 
• Complete course work 
• Write a thesis or dissertation 
• Publish a research paper 
• Attend or present their work 
• And complete the viva voce

PhD in India: 

UGC- university grant commission from Delhi held, conduct and monitor’s the entire PhD process. The UGC is the governing body for all universities across India and it is taken care of all the processes and legal problems related to PhD in India. 

The PhD degree given by the UGC approved universities are only valid in India. For that, every university has to follow the rules and regulation stated by UGC. 

You can get all the information regarding PhD on the official website of UGC. 

Requirements and Eligibility criteria: 

When you think about doing a PhD, you must have completed a master degree or postgraduate degree in your related disciplines. 

So the first criteria for doing a PhD in India is the postgraduate degree. Notably, you must have completed your undergraduate degree from a well-known university. 

Here one thing you should know about your master degree is that some universities don’t allow students with part-time master or postgraduate degree for PhD. 

So you have to complete both bachelors as well as a master degree before applying for a PhD . 

However, for some courses master of philosophy (M.phil) is also taken into consideration besides a post-graduate degree. M.Phil is not mandatory for all. 

Next, with it, as per the UGC rules and regulations, a minimum 55% marks or equivalent CGPA is required to be eligible for PhD. 

After that, a candidate has to clear the NET- national eligibility test or GATE or some equivalent entrance exam held by the university. 

NET is compulsory for all subjects besides engineering. For engineering students, GATE (gratitude aptitude test in engineering) is required. However, before that, they must have completed their M.Tech or ME.  

The NET or GATE is exclusively conducted by the university grant commission. Based on your NET or GATE score you can apply in some of the topmost universities across India. 

Students of final year or last semester of masters can appear in NET or GATE. 

The above eligibilities are required only for applying in PhD. still, you can’t get admission if you aren’t fulfilling other criteria as well.  

After they shortlisted you for PhD, you have to submit a research proposal. If your research proposal is accepted then and then they can appear for PhD. 

These are the eligibility criteria for applying in PhD in India. Conclusively, you have to start preparing for PhD in your master’s, if you are willing to do it. 

Now, imagine that you have completed all these criteria, what next? What is the exact admission procedure to actually get into PhD? Let’s check it out. 

Admission procedure for PhD in India: 

Your token for admission in PhD is your post-graduate degree and NET or entrance exam. With a minimum of 55% marks and a good score in NET, you can apply in any universities across India. 

You can fill the form now.

A candidate can apply offline or online for PhD. Universities offer a limited number of seats for each subject. Once you shortlisted, they will notify you. 

After that, you have to download the final application form, fill it and submit it to university with all the attested copies of documents. 

Documents required: 

Students have to submit attested copies of all documents and verify the original one to respected authority. The required documents are: 

• 12th mark sheet 
• Final mark sheet of graduation 
• Graduation degree certificate 
• Final mark sheet of postgraduate 
• Degree certificate of post-graduate 
• Birth certificate 
• UGC notification of clearing the NET/GATE or university entrance exam clearing certificate. 
• Cast certificate if required 
• Documents of fellowship or scholarship if any 
• M.phil degree certificate if required
• Publication if required 
• Research proposal 
• Recommendation letter from the guide. 
• No-objection certificate 
• University transfer certificate if any 
• Passport size photograph 

Attested copies of all these documents must be submitted along with the application form. Besides, a candidate has to submit the research proposal, additionally. 

The research proposal is very important, based on your research interest, PhD supervisor or guide will be allotted to you. 

Format of a research proposal: 

The research proposal is more or less a kind of synopsis which explains the overall idea of your research problem. 

Title — propose your title in which you have to include a topic and method you wish to study. Try to make it small. If possible take some expert’s help to propose your title. 

Your title is a very important element of your PhD, it will remain unchanged throughout your PhD. Hence propose a clear, catchy and self-explanatory title. 

Abstract — explain your entire topic in 250 to 300 words in the abstract. 

Introduction and review — Explain your topic and provide some basic information in the introduction, Also provide some review related to your topic. 

Aim and objective s– propose at least three different objectives to solve your research problem. 

Methodology — in this section explain the method, process, protocol or hypothesis you want to use to solve the research problem. 

Results — state some output of your research. Here you have to enlist possible results (positive as well as negative) of your research problem. 

Note: you have to give a broad idea of everything, no need to explain everything in detail. Your research proposal must be 10 to 12 pages with a title page and bibliography. 

With all these documents, a candidate has to submit university fees. 

The university sent the research proposal to the respected faculty or the guide. If any guide is interested in your research problem they will send an acceptance letter to the university. University will send you the confirmation of the allotted guide. 

After that, you have to visit your guide. Your guide will give you a recommendation letter. You have to submit it along with a form and university fees to your department. 

After you fulfil all these requirements, your admission for PhD is completed. Due to these complications, doing a PhD is actually a tedious job in India.

But, you are not a PhD student, still. I will tell you why. Wait!

Fees structure for PhD in India:

The average fees in government college or universities are ranging from 20,000 INR to 50,000 INR annually. Although it may vary. 

 PhD fees are one of the biggest problems in India because private universities charge up to 100,0000 INR per year. 

In self-finance college yearly fees ranging from 2,00,000 INR to 6,00,000 INR. You have to do your research for 5 to 7 year. Now imagine how much you have to pay. 

The fees include education fees, library fees, tuition fees and other university and laboratory charges. 

However, universities do not give you travel allowances, you have to pay yourself to travel for sample collection. 

For doing a PhD in a government university or college you have to pay around 8,000 to 10,000 INR per semester. 

Also, fellowship and scholarship options are available for some students. We will discuss it later in this article. 

Anyway, by doing some smart work and starting preparing for a PhD from day one of your master’s degree, you can easily clear NET or GATE. You can get admission in government quota easily. 

After completing all these steps and procedures, you have to decide whether you want to do a PhD part-time or full time . 

Notably, nowadays UGC offers part-time PhD only in some selected subjects and for some special cases. 

For example, If you want to do a PhD in biology, obviously you need to do research work in the lab. UGC has decided not to give part-time options in those subjects. Although, as I said in some special cases it can give. 

Some universities offer doctoral programs part-time as well. (there is a significant difference between doctorate and PhD. Read it here: Doctorate vs PhD ). 

PhD scholarship or fellowship in India: 

UGC has various scholarship and fellowship options for providing financial aid to students. If you prepare well and do some research before applying for a doctorate, you can get admission in PhD with a good amount of scholarship. 

The university gold medalist students are awarded the inspired fellowship by the university for getting a PhD. So as I said above, plan well from the first day of your master’s. 

Junior research fellowship in engineering and technology, a junior research fellowship in science, humanities and social sciences are two best options for financial aid. A candidate has to clear NET for that. With JRF-NET, you can apply to any university for a PhD. 

Besides this, UGC also provides financial aid for students of the minor community, OBC, SC and ST community. 

Maulana Azad national fellowship program is reserved for the minority students. Likewise, Rajiv Gandhi national fellowship is for SC/ST students. Also, universities give special scholarships to single girl child and women for higher education. 

Note: the purpose of giving reservation to minorities, special community (SC/ST/OBC) and women is to improve their financial and social status in society. Also, to empower and encourage the same. 

If you are not still eligible for any of the scholarship stated above. Don’t worry. There are other schemes as well. 

A candidate can propose a minor or major project to UGC. If your project is good UGC will give you funding to complete your project. 

Besides, there are other personal scholarships and fellowship options are also available at UGC. You can visit the scholarship and fellowship section of UGC here: UGC- scholarship and fellowship . 

Now the question is what amount it will pay? 

In the case of inspiring fellow students, UGC pays full fees throughout their research or PhD tenure. However, for other scholarships, the University grant commission pays a lump-sum amount of 25,000INR to 30,000INR per month. 

Duration for PhD in India: 

PhD is a length and time-consuming process. Likewise, in other countries, it takes around 3 to 5 years to complete a PhD in India. 

As per the university grant commission, candidates have to do their PhD research minimum for 3 years. Even Though your work is completed within 2 years (which is actually not possible) you still have to complete 3 years. Sometimes it takes 5 to 7 years too, for completing a PhD. 

The tenure of PhD depends on the complexity of your topics, your guides involvement and your hard work. 

As per my experience, it takes at least 4 years for a sincere student to complete a PhD. 

Structure of PhD: 

Let divide what you have to do during each year in PhD: 

In the first year, you have to complete your coursework. The coursework is based on the research methodology studies. No research work is conducted during the first year. 

Once you complete your coursework, you need to clear the coursework examination. 

Minimum 55% marks required to clear it, then after, every candidate has to submit the results to university. 

Now your PhD admission is confirmed. 

If you fail to pass the coursework, one more chance is given to you. If you fail to clear it within a year, your admission can be revoked. 

Now in the second year, you can start your research work. Initially during the second year, your major responsibilities are to collect samples, read and review research papers related to your topic and start making notes. 

Also, during the same time, you can start your lab work as well, if any. As per your guide’s instruction you can start working on your methodology. 

In the third year, you have to do extensive research work and try to complete your work within the first half of the year. Meanwhile, you need to start reviewing literature and start writing your thesis as well. During the same time, you have to attend seminars and symposiums. 

During the fourth year, you have to complete your lab work and publish a research paper too. 

Unless your research published, you can’t go ahead. Now once it is done, immediately you have to present your research at international seminars or conferences. 

In the last and fourth year, your work is done, you just have to write your thesis. Read papers and start writing your thesis. Review your thesis weekly by your supervisor. 

However, writing a PhD thesis is still tedious work. Read our guide on how to write a PhD thesis . 

In the second phase of the fourth year, you can submit your thesis (once university approved it). And you can appear for viva voce. 

At the end of the 4th year or starting of the fifth year, your viva got completed. If your thesis is not rejected or major indications are not given. 

As I said, ideally if you work sincerely you can complete your work within four years. If you fail to do so, you may have to pass a couple of more years to complete a PhD. 

Now I think you understand why doing a PhD is not a cup of tea for all. You indeed need to be more sincere and hardworking for doing it. 

PhD courses in India: 

Engineering: 

Science: 

Other specialised subjects: 

Arts and humanities: 

Management and commerce subjects: 

Other subjects: 

List of universities for doing PhD in India: 

IIT- Indian Indian Institute of technology  

Indian Institute of Technology is one of the topmost universities across India. It is a type of public technical university and established on 15 September 1956 via the Indian Institute of technology act 1956.

The IIT is located in 23 cities in India. Among all, IIT Mumbai, IIT Roorkee and IIT Varanasi are very popular. However, other cities are Jammu, Mandi, Poddar, Delhi, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Patna, Guwahati, Kharagpur, Dhanbad, Indore, Bhilai, Gandhinagar, Bhubaneswar, Hyderabad, Goa, Dharwad, Tirupati, Chennai and Palakkad. 

IIT offers a PhD in various disciplines of technology. Major PhD subjects are electronics and communication, mechanical engineering, biotechnology and chemical engineering. 

Website- Council of Indian Institute of Technology 

IISc- Indian Institute of Science 

The Indian Institute of Science was established in 1909.  It is a type of public research university situated in Bangalore. IISc is the topmost university for doing research and higher education in science and engineering in India, Affiliated with UGC, NAAC, AIU and ACU. 

PhD subjects offered by IISc: 

Biochemistry, Molecular reproduction; development and genetics, microbiology and cell biology, neuroscience, materials research, organic chemistry, mathematics, physics, computational and data science, chemical engineering, civil engineering, earth science, climate change and other. 

For more detail please visit the official website: Indian Institute of science.

IIM- Indian Institute of management  

The IIM was established to study management and related subjects in India. It is situated at Jammu, Amritsar, Sirmaur, Kashipur, Rohtak, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Shillong, Bodh Gaya, Ranchi, Calcutta, Indore, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore, Kozhikode and Tiruchirappalli.

They offer PhD programs for Finance & accounting, information system, decision science, economics and social science, marketing, production and operational management, public policy, strategy and entrepreneurship. 

Visit the official website of IIM- Indian Institute of Management .

University of Delhi 

The university of Delhi often known as Delhi University (DU) was established in 1922 by the central legislative assembly act. It is a type of collegiate public central university of India, provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses. The Delhi University offers PhD programs in various disciplines of science, commerce, arts and management. 

Visit the official website of the Delhi University for a full list of subjects offered by them: University of Delhi -list of PhD subjects.

Banaras Hindu University 

The Banaras Hindu University was established in 1916 by Mohan Malaviya with the help of Annie besant. BHU is one of the top Hindu University of India located in Varanasi, Uttarpradesh.

Interestingly, it is one of the largest residential universities in Asia with more than 30,000 students living within campus. A type of open public university BHU provides various undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD courses in various subjects. 

Major PhD subjects are Education, management studies, Sanskrit, Environment & sustainable development, Ayurveda, medicine, science, social science, dental science, Agriculture and Arts. 

Visit the official website of Banaras Hindu University for more details on various subjects offered by them- Banaras Hindu University- PhD subjects . 

PhD notification and announcements- Banaras Hindu University .

Punjab University 

Punjab University was established in 1882 as a public university. It was relocated in Chandigarh in 1947 after the partition. PU is one of the oldest universities in India.

It provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses in Arts, science, commerce and engineering. Some of the PhD programs at PU are Arts, law, medical science, Pharmaceutical science, Design & fine arts, business & management and science. 

For more detail visit the official website of Punjab University- Punjab University- PhD . 

GTU- Gujarat Technical University

GTU was established in 2007 as the governing body for technical courses, especially in Gujarat.

It is a state university which affiliated courses majorly engineering, Pharmacy and other technical subjects. GTU provides PhD programs in various subjects of engineering. 

Visit the official site of GTU- Gujarat Technical University .

University of Kerala: 

The University of Kerala was established in 1937 by Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, affiliated to UGC. Formerly It was known as the University of Travancore.

It’s situated in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Notably, It was established before the birth of Kerala state.  The university provides various PhD programs in different disciplines of science, arts and commerce. 

For more detail visit the official webpage of KU- Research Portal- Kerala university .

Besides, other well known and reputed universities are enlisted here: 

• Amity university 
• Anna university 
• Birla institute of technology and science 
• Manipal university 
• Calicut university 
• Chaudhary Charan Singh university 
• ICFAI university 
• University of Lucknow 
• Jaipur national university 
• Gujarat technical university 
• Gujarat university 
• Jawaharlal Nehru university 
• University of Calcutta 
• University of Mumbai 
• AIIMS 
• Amity school of engineering and technology 
• Chandigarh university 
• MMU, Ambala 
• Institute of microbial technology 
• PEC university of technology 

We will discuss the various PhD courses in our next articles with their fees structure, scholarship option and other information. 

Conclusion:

As I said, doing a PhD in India is a tedious process. Still, It is a good hierarchy. Fees are fair, the process is good and supervisors are talented. So for brilliant students, doing a PhD in India is a good option. Further, Due to the complexity of the process, the chance of corruption is very less.

Dr. Tushar Chauhan is a Scientist, Blogger and Scientific-writer. He has completed PhD in Genetics. Dr. Chauhan is a PhD coach and tutor.

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Dr Tushar Chauhan

9 thoughts on “phd in india- fees, duration, scholarship and universities”.

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IIMA Admission Ph.D.

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Ph.D. Admissions

The IIMA Doctoral Programme welcomes individuals with a solid academic foundation, a high level of motivation, and the intellectual curiosity to do innovative research. The curriculum prepares students for careers in academia and industrial research.

Candidates may submit applications for the following areas of high levels of specialization: (1) Agriculture (2) Economics (3) Finance & Accounting (4) Human Resource Management (5) Information Systems (6) Innovation and Management in Education (7) Marketing (8) Operations & Decision Sciences (9) Organizational Behavior (10) Public Systems and (11) Strategy.

Students spend an average of four to five years in the programme, which includes two years of intensive coursework. Beginning with the first term, students take advanced Doctoral level courses in their area of high levels of specialization, as well as some suggested Post Graduate Programme (PGP) courses that provide a comprehensive management overview and develop fundamental skills for analysing managerial issues. After completing the coursework, students must pass an Area Comprehensive Examination to demonstrate that they have attained a high level of expertise in their area of high levels of specialization. Students then work on their doctoral dissertations. It is intended that these dissertations will make original contributions to an area of management or one of management's parent disciplines.   Students admitted to the programme get a comprehensive fellowship that covers all expenses and provides for living expenses. IIMA has excellent computing facilities, library, and faculty resources. IIMA faculty members actively publish in scholarly journals and advise with businesses and governments in and out of the country. Case writing and related research are actively pursued by the faculty and students.

The Doctoral Programme places its graduates in teaching, research, and consulting roles with world class organizations. A total of 451 doctoral students have graduated from IIMA so far.  

Basic Eligibility Criteria

Candidates must possess-

A Master's Degree or Two-year Post Graduate Diploma (obtained after completing a bachelor's degree with 55% marks or equivalent) or a 5-year Integrated Master's Degree (obtained after completing higher secondary school in the 10+2 pattern) in any field with 55% marks or equivalent. (OR) Professional qualification - CA, CS, CMA (with a minimum of 50% marks) in addition to a bachelor's degree (with at least 55% marks). (OR)  A four-year / eight-semester Bachelor's degree with a minimum CGPA of 6.5/10 or comparable grades.

Note that the Bachelor's/ Master's degree or equivalent qualification should be from any of the Universities incorporated by an act of the central or state legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University under section 3 of UGC Act, 1956; or be recognized by the Ministry of HRD, Government of India; or  possess an equivalent qualification from an institution approved by AICTE.

Candidates in their last year of a Master's/ Bachelor's programme that would qualify them to apply may also apply. Such candidates, if selected, will only be allowed to join the programme provisionally if they submit a certificate latest by May 31, 2024 from the Principal/Head of the Department/Registrar or Director of the university/institute (issued on or before May 31, 2024) stating that they have appeared for the examinations (including practical examinations) in all the subjects required for obtaining the Master's/Bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification.

Their admission will be confirmed when they submit mark sheets and a certificate of having completed the Master's/Bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification referred in the certificate issued by the Principal/Registrar of their college/institution. The deadline for the submission of Marksheet and the Certificate is December 31, 2024.

Please note that those candidates who have applied on the basis of   their master's degree will have to meet the 55% marks stipulation, and those who have applied on the basis of their bachelor's degree will have to meet the 6.5 CGPA (or equivalent) marks stipulation.   Non-fulfilment of these conditions will automatically result in the cancellation of the provisional admission.  

Selection Process

Candidates applying to the Doctoral Programme are required to take the Common Admission Test (CAT) or a standard test in lieu of CAT.  For NRIs and Foreign students this standard test is the Graduate Management Aptitude Test (GMAT). 

Different areas of high levels of specialization of IIMA have specified different standard tests that candidates applying to the Doctoral Programme in their areas of high levels of specialization can take in lieu of CAT. These standard tests are given in the following table:  

The validity of the CAT and the other standard test scores are given in the following table. Note that the scores should be valid on the deadline for submission of the application form.

# Online GMAT/GRE (Take home) exam scores are not valid. Only test center-based GMAT/GRE scores are valid.

Alumni of all IIMs should also meet the standard test score requirements as mentioned above.

Candidates will be short listed on the basis of their performance in CAT or the standard test in lieu of CAT, academic background, and experience. The Doctoral programme admission interviews will be held during March-April 2024. IIMA may conduct online or face-to-face interviews depending upon the health advisory issued by the authorities at that time.

Fellowship and Expenses

IIMA provides a comprehensive fellowship that covers all academic expenses including tuition, computer, library, medical insurance, placement and alumni fees, and in addition includes a monthly subsistence allowance. The details of monthly subsistence allowance are as follows:

All students have access to a contingency allowance of Rs.25,000 per year (for five years) to cover research fees, book costs, photocopying, etc. Students are eligible to receive up to Rs.3,00,000/- for attending an international conference/workshop/summer school during the first five years of their Doctoral Programme tenure. (Additional information is provided in the Doctoral Programme Brochure.)

The Doctoral Programme is a full-time programme that requires significant on-campus/local living. On-campus accommodations for single students for the initial part of their tenure, and limited housing on campus for married students are available.

How to Apply

Online Application Form and Brochure will be made available on the institute website. Candidates may submit applications for a maximum of two areas of high levels of specialization using the online application form. An application fee of Rs.500/- can be paid through IIMA's payment gateway. The last date for submitting the application will be  29 January 2024 . 

Please also refer to the IIMA's Doctoral Programme advertisement that appeared in leading newspapers during September 2023.

Important Dates to Note

Link open for Online Application:  September 27, 2023

Last date for submitting the application for Doctoral Programme Admission:   29 January 2024

Interviews (Tentative):  March / April, 2024

For further information/clarifications, please contact:   Manager PhD Programme Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380 015 Phone :+91 79 7152 4640/41/39  

Programme Brochure

Ph.d. programme borchure.

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• 08 December 2021

India’s PhD students want fellowship tenures extended

Panjab University students demanding that their library and laboratories be opened in June 2021 in Chandigarh, India. Credit: Ravi Kumar/Hindustan Times via Getty Images

More than 40% of India’s PhD scholars, mostly in state-run institutions, failed to make any progress in their work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey of 2,017 doctoral students by a forum for young scientists has revealed.

Failure to continue field work, delayed or discontinued funding, blocked access to laboratories and libraries severely impacted the scholars’ work, particularly those in the early years of their PhD, according to the survey by the Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) conducted in October 2020.

Most of the respondents (70%) were in their first four years of PhD work. As funding reduced to a trickle during the pandemic, institutes failed to pay students the fellowship money, often the only source of income for PhD students in India. Almost 28% of the respondents had not received the financial support from their institutes and 14% had been partially funded since March 2020.

More than half (54%) of the scholars had no other financial aid available for research. About 6% reported having received some help from their supervisors or guides.

Fellowships were discontinued for more than half (54%) of the scholars before they could complete their thesis. Almost 47% of the rest had between six months to a year of fellowship tenure left, and most reported they would be unable to complete their thesis in that time.

INYAS conducted the survey to gauge how the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted these early-career researchers. The survey revealed that sudden lockdowns risked contamination of research samples and chemicals in many abandoned laboratories. Academics lost crucial time, and many suffered setbacks due to complete or partial loss of laboratory work.

The scholars surveyed told INYAS that this exacerbated anxiety levels, according to Upasana Ray, a member of the academy and a senior scientist at the CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata.

More than half those who had completed their PhD by March 2020 — just before COVID-19 hit — were still looking for work opportunities. Around 18% continue to work in their research laboratories with little or no earnings. About 36% told INYAS they were keen to leave India in search of opportunities to further their academic work or to find jobs in another country.

From among those who had conducted field work, fully or partly, almost 40% reported using the lockdowns and restrictions to work on their manuscripts. An equal number of respondents, however, said they made no progress.

Most PhD scholars surveyed sought an extension of their fellowship deadlines by at least six months beyond their scheduled five years to submit their theses. They also called for an increase in the number of post-doctoral fellowship positions in central institutes in India and a relaxation in age limits to compensate for the loss of time.

The age criteria is not only important for applications to post-doctoral positions but also for entry- level jobs, said INYAS member, N. Nishad Fathima, a senior principal scientist at the CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute in Chennai. An increase in the number of government jobs for PhD awardees without post-doctoral experience would help alleviate the harsh experience of those holding doctorates, the survey found.

The INYAS has shared the survey results and recommendations with the office of India's Principal Scientific Advisor. Ray said they will also send the scholars’ feedback to science funders, the Department of Science and Technology, the Science and Engineering Research Board and the Department of Biotechnology.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d44151-021-00080-4

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Home » Career Guidance » A Comprehensive Guide to Applying for a PhD in India [2024]

A Comprehensive Guide to Applying for a PhD in India [2024]

Quick Summary

• A PhD is a postgraduate research degree in India. It’s the highest academic degree in the country. 
• The cost of a PhD course in India differs based on the kind of university people choose. However, if you take estimates, it can cost you around 80k to 2 lacs.
• For admission in PhD in India, students require a Master’s degree in a relevant field. An overall grade point average of at least 55% (or equivalent) is required.

Table of Contents

Did you know that India produces over 20 thousand PhD holders , making it one of the top 5 countries with the most PhD holders?

Sounds great right?

And this number of PhD holders is only going to increase in upcoming years, with the rise in new technologies and scientific research more and more people will pursue a PhD in India.

If you are also thinking about pursuing PhD degree, then read this article till the end to know all about doing PhD in India. 

PhD in India- Course Highlights

Reasons to pursue a phd in india.

It is known that the purpose of a PhD is to teach individuals how to conduct research in a field. Candidates learn how to write scholarly papers and present findings, along with gaining skills like critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication. However, there are career-related reasons to choose PhD course, and these reasons are:

• Getting monthly allowances from the government to fund research.
• A PhD student is seen as an expert in their field, thus, making them eligible for job openings related to teaching and research.
• A chance to go to other countries for Academic Exchange Programs and learn various things.
• Getting complete control over what you want to study and how you wish to continue with your research.
• A PhD student gets to interact and work with the best academicians in their field and the professional experts who will guide them during their research.

Types of PhD Courses in India

There are different types of PhD degrees, some are based on distance and some are based on stream. Here is the list of major types of PhD in India.

Common PhD Degrees

Stream-wise phd degrees.

Major PhD in India Entrance Exams

Every university takes its entrance exam for admission and checks the qualification for a PhD of every applicant. However, some entrance exams are conducted on a national level and have more importance. These are the major PhD course entrance exams.

Have a read at a Comprehensive Guide to Entrance Exams after Graduation .

PhD in India- Eligibility Criteria

Getting admission in PhD course is not an easy task, and if you are trying to get admission to any PhD program, check for these PhD eligibility criteria beforehand.

• The candidate must have completed a Master’s degree i.e. (MTech/ MSc/ MA/ MPhil/ MBA). And it must be a full-time Master’s course from a recognised university by the government.
• The overall grade point average of the candidate’s Master’s program must be at least 55% (or equivalent).
• Candidates under SC, ST, and OBC categories will be given 5%- or 10%-mark relaxations. Applicants must present their reservation certificate to use these benefits.
• The candidate must pass the PhD entrance exam.
• A No Objection Certificate (NOC) f rom the educational institution or company where candidates are employed is required. Candidates must have job experience in a related field for a part-time PhD.

PhD Course Structure

1. coursework.

In PhD courses, students take a set have to take core courses or seminars in their field of study to build foundational knowledge. The coursework varies according to university but does includes both required and elective courses.

2. Research proposal

After completing the core courses, students must develop a research proposal outlining the problem they plan to investigate, the research questions they aim to answer, and the methods they will use to collect and analyze data.

3. Comprehensive exams

Before beginning their research for PhD course, students need to pass certain comprehensive exams covering their field of study to demonstrate their competence in the subject matter.

4. Research

Once students have completed their coursework and passed their comprehensive exams, they can begin their research. This typically involves conducting experiments, collecting data, or engaging in other research activities to answer the questions outlined in their research proposal.

5. Dissertation

The final requirement for a PhD course completion is the dissertation, which is a book-length document outlining the student’s research findings, conclusions, and contributions to their field of study. The dissertation has to be defended in front of a committee of faculty members and other experts in the field.

Read more: Complete Guide to Writing a Research Paper

5 Step PhD Course Admission Process

There is Candidates must take the following seven steps to apply for a PhD in India:

Step 1 Find a Mentor

PhD students should find a supervisor willing to support them through their PhD journey. After finding a supervisor, candidates can apply offline or online. Almost all colleges and universities accept online applications now. However, if you wish, you can apply via the offline process by visiting the office of the university.

Step 2 Fill Online Admission Form

Candidates must complete the online PhD admission form before applying on the university or college website. All the needed qualification for PhD is listed on the university’s official website and should be met. The online application is rejected if candidates fail to meet these requirements.

Step 3 Submit Necessary Documents

After completing the online application form, candidates must provide all necessary papers. These documents may include your passing certificate, degree, and migration certificate. Check the list of papers on the website before applying for the PhD admissions.

Step 4 Pass the Entrance Exam

The college/university needs PhD entrance exam. This exam must be taken after completing the application form. Fill out the form for the entrance exam and appear for it.

Step 5 Pass the Interview

Upon passing the PhD entrance exam, candidates will be invited for a doctoral academic interview. Admission is based on the academic doctoral interview and PhD entrance exam results. The institution or college decides the grades of students at each level and after passing the interview and fulfilling some other requirements you get admission.

Top Colleges for PhD in India

Top 10 career options after phd in india.

Source: Ambition Box

Plan Your Career in PhD

Being known as PhD holder is something to be proud of, not just because it’s a symbol of great knowledge but also a great future. If you want a career like this then doing PhD in India is the best choice and if you are confused about how you are going to get admission in PhD, then re-read the article. Do your research, know which specialization you want to choose and excel in your PhD course.

Make sure you carefully explore all your professional options because your career is extremely important. Before making the right decision, look over our  career advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

The cost of a PhD course in India differs based on the kind of university people choose. However, if you take estimates, it can cost you around 80k to 2 lacs. This figure can go up or down based on whether you choose a private institute or a government one.

A PhD program lasts for three to five years. Candidates have a maximum of five to six years to finish the program. The course length may be different for different institutes and the time taken by student in completing their thesis.

For admission in PhD in India, students require a Master’s degree in a relevant field. An overall grade point average of at least 55% (or equivalent) is required. In addition to this, candidates must know the language in which the course is taught and evaluated. Now, an MPhil degree is not a must for PhD admissions.

Getting a PhD in India is not easy. Candidates pursuing PhDs in India must pass the entrance exams such as NET. This written exam checks if they have the relevant subject knowledge to conduct advanced research. Candidates must further clear a PhD interview exam. Candidates must clear these rounds before pursuing PhDs in their chosen areas of specialization.

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Being a university dedicated to generation of knowledge, IITE offers research programmes like Ph.D. and encourage research in the field of Education. The IITE has to comply with UGC Regulations 2018 and, in addition with IITE Ordinance for PhD 2019 of the university. The students has to appear for entrance test following with GDPA and presentation of their research proposals which is to be evaluate by subject experts and RDC members for concern research work.

Download Brochure

Mode of Admission :

Eligible candidates shall have to appear in i3T – Integrated Test for Teacher Trainee conducted by the Indian Institute of Teacher Education (IITE) as per schedule mentioned in the brochure. Admission will be given as per merit list prepared based on marks of i3T

Junior Research Fellowship

Indian Institute of Teacher Education, Gandhinagar (IITE) hereby invites proposal for Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) leading to Senior Research Fellowship (SRF) under its Ph.D. Programmes being offered; the objective of this fellowship is to provide opportunity to NET-GSLET-GSET-JRF qualified candidates to undertake advance studies and research in the fields of Education leading to Ph.D.  Degree in Education

Fellowship : Rs. 31000/- per month.

The Fellowship assistance will be normally for a period of three years and extendable up to four years. It shall be Junior Research Fellowship for the first 18 months for Ph.D. Scholars and Senior Research Fellowship for the next 18 months for Ph.D. Scholars

Prerequisites:

The Fellowship shall be open for all Ph.D. Scholars of the University subject to the following eligibility criteria.The candidate must be admitted in full time (Regular) Ph.D. Programmes at the UniversityThe candidate should not be receiving any grant or research assistance by whatever name called from any other source including UGC.The candidate should not be engaged in any part-time or full time employment of any nature during the entire tenure of Fellowship.The candidate must be present full time at the University during the period of the fellowship.Candidates who are UGC-NET and/or GSLET/GSET qualified can apply for JRF/SRF.

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Ph.D Admissions

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest degree one can gain through structured education, training and research. The education and training of doctoral students are two of the most important aspects of the Institute of Advanced Research. The pursuit of knowledge through research in doctoral degree leads to exciting careers in India and abroad. PhD students also play a key role in our commitment to advance the knowledge to address national and global challenges. The aim of the PhD program is to provide research training in a manner that fosters the development of independent research skill as well as professional competencies in students. These skills include the ability to formulate a problem that requires research and investigation, to develop appropriate conceptual and methodological skills, and to relate the student’s research to a broader knowledge in the area of study. All PhD students are required to develop a substantive thesis based on critical analysis of their research and published studies in their subject area.

PhD Admission 2023-24               Revised date of PET 2023-24

* List of Shortlisted Candidate for PET-2023 and Exempted Category

* pet-2023 results, * interview schedule and guidelines, * list of qualified candidates.

Students intending to get into the Ph.D. program at IAR, Gandhinagar, must go through the following admission process:

• Complete online application form
• To appear in the PET examination conducted by IAR, Gandhinagar. NET & GATE qualified candidates are exempted for PET examination.
• The  PET   examination  will have questions in two sections as given below:
• Section I:  General aptitude (Common for all the departments)
• Section II:  Subjects specific questions from the department. (Department/Subject Specific)
• Both the sections will carry 50-50% weightage. Each Section will carry 50 Questions of 1 mark each and the total duration of the Written Test will be of two hours. The Test will be objective type with multiple-choice questions.
• Those who secure at least 50% marks in the Written Test (45% marks in case of Reserved Category) will be shortlisted for the interview (Online) in order of merit.
• The List of candidates eligible for the interview (Online) will be displayed on the University Notice board and IAR web site.
• Candidates shortlisted after the interview will be intimated to follow the other formalities related to Ph.D. admission at IAR
• A master’s degree or equivalent professional degree from a recognized university with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade.
• A 4-year/8-semester bachelor’s degree programme or an equivalent professional degree from a recognized university with at least 75% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade.
• An MPhil degree from a recognized university with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade
• Candidates appearing in the final year examination may be allowed to appear in the PET examination subject to production of proof of valid document for their minimum qualification at the time of admission.
• A relaxation of 5% marks or its equivalent grade may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Differently-Abled, Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and other categories of candidates as per the decision of the UGC from time to time.
• The candidates who qualify UGC-NET, UGC-CSIR NET (Including JRF) / GATE /similar national level test shall be exempted from appearing in the PhD Entrance Test .
• For Part-Time Ph.D. students must be present at IAR for at least 90 days within the year in addition to the Course work duration.
• Ph.D. program in part-time mode shall be for a minimum duration of 4 years. ( The other guidelines related to Part-Time Ph.D. will be similar as indicated in UGC Regulation 2016, 2018, 2022 for Regular Ph.D. students ).
• If a Part-Time Ph.D. student is an employee of some organization, they must have to produce the Consent and No. Objection Certificate from the Employer at the time of the application of Ph.D. program at IAR Gandhinagar.

(The eligibility criteria are subject to change as per any amendment in UGC Ph.D. regulation 2022)

* University reserves right to vary intake capacity depending on the areas of specialisation and availability of research facilities.

Q: Does the University provide financial support to PhD students?

A: University encourages PhD student to secure their own fellowship for better recognition in their carrier. In certain cases, the research scholar may be paid from the project grant, if available with the supervisor. However, the university provides fellowships to limited students for limited duration, during which they are expected to have their own fellowship.

Q: What is the duration of PhD courses?

A: University follows UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of M.PHIL./PH.D Degrees) Regulations, 2022, according to which the minimum tenure is 3 years and the maximum duration is 5+1 +1 years after the formal registration to PhD.

Q: Is there any hostel facility available for PhD student?

A: University provides hostel facility with additional cost. Plenty of private hostels, Pay Guesthouses and houses for rent are also available nearby.

Q: What is the procedure for NET/GATE qualified student to register for PhD?

A: NET/GATE qualified students are exempted from University PhD entrance test (PET). However, they must apply for PhD program by filling up the application form and paying the application form. It is mandatory for every student to appear for an interview before the Doctoral Research Committee. Students will be enrolled in PhD Programme based on the merit list.

Q: How many PET exams are conducted per year?

A: PET exam is conducted once a year between June and July. However, if there are enough vacancy a second PET may be organized between November and December. Students are requested to visit our website regarding updates on the same.

Q: What is the procedure for Part time PhD program?

A: University provides opportunity for Part-time  as per UGC regulations 2022.

Q:   How many intake number are there per academic session?

A: Based on the requirement from each faculty the no. may vary every year. Every year intake no. would be announced along with date and details of PhD Admission Notification.

Q: Can results awaited student appear for PET and Register for PhD?

A: Yes. Candidates appearing in the final year examination may be allowed to appear in the PET examination subject to production of proof of valid document for their minimum qualification at the time of admission.

Q: Can a student join as trainee or research fellow in between academic session and register PhD?

A: Yes. University faculties have external and internal funded projects. These projects require project assistants and JRFs. Vacancies for PA and JRFs will be announced regularly in University website. These students joined under project investigator can register for PhD under university recognized guide in next academic cycle.

Q: What are subjects available for PhD registration?

A: Following are the subjects:

• Biotechnology and Bioengineering ( Biotechnology, Microbiology, Chemistry, Chem.Engineering, Bioprocess Engineering )
• Computer Sciences and Engineering ( Physics, Computer Science and Engineering )
• Business and Management ( Business and Management, Language and Literature )

PS: Discipline specific research areas can be seen under faculty profile of each department.

Admission Procedure

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PhD Programme

The award of the Ph.D. degree is in recognition of high achievements, independent research and application of scientific knowledge to the solution of technical and scientific problems. Creative and productive inquiry is the basic concept underlying the research work. The details of research programmes in various Departments/Centres/Schools.

Course work and other academic requirements: In order to overcome any deficiency in the breadth of fundamental training or proper foundation for advanced work, special make up or pre-doctoral courses are given by each Department/ Centre. These courses are given either by faculty member or by guest speakers and specialists in the profession. Normally candidates having a B.Tech./M.Sc./M.A. or equivalent degree are required to complete a minimum of 12* credits with a minimum required GPA of 7.5. M.Tech or equivalent degree holders are required to complete a minimum of 6* credits with a minimum required GPA of 7.5.

*A Department/Centre may specify a higher credit requirement for all their PhD programmes and/or require an individual scholar to complete a larger number of credits based on his/her background and preparation level.

Admission to the PhD Programmes: Admission to the Ph.D. programmes is normally made on the basis of an interview conducted by the Department/Centre concerned through its Department Research Committee (DRC) / Centre Research Committee (CRC). DRC/CRC may decide to conduct a written test as well to screen the candidates. Applications are invited from candidates by advertising the programmes in Employment News/leading newspapers in March for the first semester and in October for the second semester every year.

Admission schedule: Normally, Ph.D. programmes are advertised in the month of March and October each year in the Employment news as well as in leading newspapers and admissions are carried out in the months of May and December. Further, admission to Ph.D programme is possible any time in the year through DRC/CRC. Ph.D. scholars can join the institute at any time of the year though the course registration will be possible only at the beginning of the subsequent semester. Such candidates must also fulfill the required academic qualification/ experience at the time of interview. They must join the institute within 4 weeks after the issue of admission offer unless specifically permitted otherwise. Admission is subject to vacancy being available in the relevant specializations.

Duration of the programmes: Minimum period of registration required for students with M.Tech. or equivalent qualifications is 2 years whereas those with B.Tech. or equivalent qualifications is 3 years. All candidates are allowed a maximum of 7 years for submission of their thesis.

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Hit by Pandemic, PhD Scholars in India Want Research Tenures Extended

Representative image. Photo: Chokniti Khongchum/Pexels

• Nearly 40% of respondents in a survey said they were unable to make progress in their PhD work thanks to pandemic-related problems.
• This was because of their inability to conduct field work, lack of access to laboratories and libraries, and irregular funding from the government.
• Many of them have thus sought at least a six-month extension beyond the five-year limit and an increase in post-doctoral fellowship amounts.

New Delhi: Four out of ten research scholars in India were unable to make any progress in their PhD work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey has found, mainly due to inability to conduct field work, laboratories and libraries being closed and irregular funding. Consequently, most of them want an extension of at least six months beyond the five-year limit to submit their theses to make up for lost.

The survey, conducted by the Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) conducted in October 2020, included over 2,000 doctoral candidates, mostly in government funded institutions. Its findings were reported by Nature India .

According to the report, more than two-thirds of respondents (70%) were in their first four years of PhD work. “As funding reduced to a trickle during the pandemic, institutes failed to pay students the fellowship money, often the only source of income for PhD students in India,” it says.

More than half (54%) the respondents asid they had no other financial aid available for research, while a small minority (6%) said they received some help from their guides.

Nearly 30% of the respondents did not receive the financial support from their institutes and 14% received only partial funding since March 2020, after the onset of the pandemic.

According to Nature India , fellowships were discontinued for more than half (54%) of the scholars before they could complete their thesis. Among the rest, nearly half the respondents had only between six months to a year of tenure left. They felt they would be unable to complete their thesis in time.

Respondents submitted that sudden lockdowns, imposed after the outbreak of COVID-19, “risked contamination of research samples and chemicals in many abandoned laboratories”. The scholars also lost crucial time and suffered many setbacks “due to complete or partial loss of laboratory work”.

Apart from calling for an extension of their tenure by at least six month, many scholars also hoped for an increase in post-doctoral fellowship positions in central institutions and a relaxation in age limits.

INYAS member, N. Nishad Fathima, a senior principal scientist at the CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute in Chennai, told Nature India that the age criteria is important not just for applications to post-doctoral positions but also for entry- level jobs.

The survey also included some respondents who had finished their PhD by March 2020. More than half were still “looking for work opportunities”, accoding to Nature India . Nearly one-fifth were continuing to work in their research laboratories with little or no earnings. About 36% were keen to leave India, either to further their academic work or to find jobs.

INYAS has shared the results of the survey and its recommendations with the office of India’s principal scientific advisor K. VijayRaghavan.

The findings of the survey mirror issues that science journalists have written about over the past 18 months. The Wire Science has reported on the abrupt closing down of laboratories and the problem of irregular funding.

T.V. Padma reported in April 2020 that the lockdown ground research across the country to a halt as hostels were evacuated. The report said that many chemistry research projects “have gone into deep freeze”. Additionally:

“Genetics, drug discovery and toxicity studies, among other areas of biological research, bank on molecular tools, cell lines, protein isolation and a clutch of blotting techniques used to prepare genetic materials for further examination – none of which can be speeded up or suspended on short notice without compromising the quality of research.”

The report also says that institutes that are funded by state governments or irregularly by the Union government were worse off.

Meanwhile, Sukanya Charuchandra reported on funding problems faced by science researchers in late June 2020. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), a network of 37 government laboratories, had not paid stipends to hundreds of research scholars after the lockdown was imposed in March 2020. The lockdown, she wrote, had clogged a system that was “already notorious for backlogs”.

More than 8,000 fellows are employed by CSIR at its numerous institutions. CSIR director Shekhar Mande told The Wire Science at the time that “50% of payments” were made despite of the delays and acknowledged that this number does not make him proud.

The delays, one researcher told Charuchandra, mean that though he has “money on paper” he had to “seek help from friends, which is very depressing and demotivating to continue research.”

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Ph.d. admissions (monsoon session, ay 24-25), selected candidates, shortlisted candidates.

The goal of the Ph.D. program at IIIT-Delhi is to empower students to become part of the global research ecosystem, and contribute to research organizations and top class universities across the world. The program is based on the best practices models at top universities across the world. IIIT-Delhi offers Ph.D. programs in Computational Biology (CB), Computer Science and Engineering (CSE), Electronics and Communications Engineering (ECE), Human-Centered Design (HCD), Mathematics (Maths), and Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH).

"Candidates qualified for UGC/CSIR JRF, DST INSPIRE, DBT Fellowship and fresh B.Tech. graduates with research aptitude are strongly encouraged to apply. GATE score is not mandatory for some departments."

The PhD graduates of IIIT-Delhi hold faculty positions at multiple top-tier universities in India and abroad, such as BITS-Pilani, IISc, IIT-Gandhinagar, IIIT-Allahabad etc. . Many of them also hold research or advanced development positions in industry, such as HFCL etc. . IIIT-Delhi expects to continue the same level of excellence in research that has distinguished it over the past 15 years. The PhD graduates of IIIT-Delhi hold faculty positions at multiple top-tier universities in India and abroad, such as BITS-Pilani, IISc, IIT-Gandhinagar, IIIT-Allahabad etc. . Many of them also hold research or advanced development positions in industry, such as HFCL, etc. . IIIT-Delhi expects to continue the same level of excellence in research that has distinguished it over the past 15 years.

Eligibility Criteria

For discipline wise minimum eligibility criteria, please click here . The concerned Department may use higher cut off levels for shortlisting besides giving due consideration to the way questions are answered in the application form. Candidates belonging to SC/ST/Differently abled categories would be eligible for relaxations, as per norms, in the selection criteria. (Details mentioned in the FAQ point no. 2)

Admission Categories

Regular Ph.D. - Candidates who are not holding regular work/employment and are primarily engaged in their academic program only. Those who are already employed will have to resign and submit the relieving before joining the Programme.

Sponsored Ph.D. - IIIT-Delhi allows highly motivated working professionals to pursue a Ph.D. degree while still employed at the sponsoring organization. Click here for more details.

Financial Support

Students joining the Ph.D. program as regular students will be considered for Institute Fellowship. Presently institute is offering fellowship at the rate of Rs. 37,000/- + HRA as per the DST rates per month until successfully completing the comprehensive exam and Rs. 42000 + HRA as per the DST rates per month since completing comprehensive exam until completion of the fifth year.

Additional Financial Support

• Support upto Rs 50k is provided towards purchase of laptop/ desktop.
• Contingency grant of 20000 per year.

Institute Travel Grant

Full time Ph.D. students are encouraged to present their research work at International Conferences. Financial support of up to Rs. 2.5L for the entire duration of the program is available.

Overseas Research Fellowship (ORF)

Support upto US $12000 may be considered in deserving cases to conduct research collaborations with reputed Universities/Labs abroad for a period of 3 to 6 months.

Admission Procedure

Rolling Admissions - It is meant for candidates who have a clear idea of the area they want to work. The interested candidates are expected to interact with the concerned faculty member(s) in IIIT-Delhi and get their consent for working with him/her. However, such candidates will undergo a full selection process before being admitted to the Ph.D. program. Click here for more details.

Regular Admissions - The regular admission happens in two cylces; once during February - April every year (for Monsoon Session) & other during September-November every year (for Winter Session).

Applications are invited from eligible candidates through an open advertisement. Admission is generally offered on the basis of an interview and/or written test, if necessary. The Institute will invite a limited number of candidates for a written test and interview based on the academic records, statement of purpose, etc. The final selection will be mainly based on academic credentials, written test and/or interview. The candidates who do not qualify in the written test need not appear for interview. The reserved category candidates will be given due relaxation in cutoff marks as per the norms.

The outstation candidates (non-NCR) who are shortlisted to appear for the written test/ interview, will be reimbursed their travel fare by second sleeper or public bus fare by the shortest route, whichever is cheapest. They will have to furnish the proof of travel. If a candidate decides to choose a different mode (e.g. 3AC, air, etc.), they will be only reimbursed the second sleeper or public transport bus fare by the shortest route.

Application Procedure

• Candidates can apply only through the online application portal. There is no provision for offline submission of application forms.
• If you are applying for more than one discipline, please submit a separate application for each discipline.
• After successful submission of the application form, you will receive an application number and a link to download the application form. Please save the application form. You need to furnish hardcopy of the application form and self-attested copies of all the relevant documents at the time of interview.
• Incomplete applications will be rejected.
• The application fee for Ph.D. program is as follow: Rs.150/- : For SC/ST/DA candidates Rs.300/- : For other candidates

Note: The Institute reserves the right to call or not to call eligible candidates for the admission process. Institute reserves the right to make changes in the admission procedure including schedule of test/interview. The changes made, if any, will be notified on the website.

Important Dates

Note: Selection process including date of test/interview will be announced soon.

Computational Biology

Computer science and engineering, electronics and communications engineering, mathematics, social sciences and humanities (philosophy, communication, governance and politics), social sciences and humanities (economics / cognitive science), human-centered design, visvesvaraya phd scheme phase-ii including c2s programme.

Last updated: 2024-05-13 06:28:pm

Last updated: 13-05-2024

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Something went wrong. please try again later., you need to sign in before applying for schemes, it seems you have already initiated your application earlier. to know more please visit, check eligibility, ministry of science and technology, overseas visiting doctoral fellowship.

Objectives:

• To build national capacity in frontier areas of Science and Engineering, which are of interest to India by providing research training to PhD students admitted in Indian institutions in overseas universities/institutions of repute.
• To provide an opportunity for performing Indian research students to gain exposure and access to top-class research facilities in academia and labs in specific Overseas Universities.
• To create opportunities to build long-term R&D linkages and collaborations with accomplished scientists and technologists from around the world.
• To tap the expertise gained by these young scientists to strengthen/initiate national programmes in their domain knowledge.

Duration of Fellowship:

• The duration of the research training is up to a period of twelve months. In exceptional circumstances, the fellowship may be extended for six more months' subject to performance evaluation.
• The selected fellows will be paid a monthly fellowship amount equivalent to US $ 2000, one-time Contingency/Preparatory allowances of ₹60,000/- to cover visa fees, airport transfer charges, medical insurance, etc.
• The selected fellows will also be provided the shortest route economy class airfare from their place of work in India to the place of the host institute and back. Students should make their own arrangements for accommodation etc.
• One visit, each by the Indian supervisor to the Overseas Institution where the student is working and overseas faculty to the host Indian Institution of the student is also admissible under the Scheme. The following provisions are made for them to undertake research visits:
• Travel: Both the Indian supervisor and overseas scientist will be provided the shortest route round-trip economy class airfare not exceeding ₹1.5 lakhs per round trip from their place of work to the city of the host institute and back. Any additional cost would have to be borne by the visitors.
• Per-diem (Subsistence Allowance):
• Accommodation:
• Contingencies and related travel costs: Allowance of US $ 250 per visit is provided to both Indian Supervisor and Overseas host to cover the expenditure incurred towards visa fees, travel / medical insurance, airport transfers, and other contingencies.
• The scheme is open to Indian nationals only.
• The applicant should have registered for a full-time Ph.D. Degree in any of the recognized Institutions / Universities in India in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (including Medicine, Pharma, Agriculture, and related S&T areas) disciplines.
• Part-time and sponsored students are not considered under the scheme.
• The students who have submitted their thesis for the award of the Degree of Ph.D. are not eligible to apply.

Application Procedure:

Selection Procedure:

Contact Person:

What are the objectives of the Scheme?

The following are the objectives of the scheme: To build national capacity in frontier areas of Science and Engineering, which are of interest to India by providing research training to PhD students admitted in Indian institutions in overseas universities/institutions of repute. To provide an opportunity for performing Indian research students to gain exposure and access to top-class research facilities in academia and labs in specific Overseas Universities. To create opportunities to build long-term R&D linkages and collaborations with accomplished scientists and technologists from around the world. To tap the expertise gained by these young scientists to strengthen/ initiate national programmes in their domain knowledge.

Which is the implementing agency of this scheme?

Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India

What are the eligibility criteria for applying/availing the Fellowship?

The scheme is open to Indian nationals only. The applicant should have registered for full-time Ph.D. Degree in any of the recognized Institutions / Universities in India in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (including Medicine, Pharma, Agriculture and related S&T areas) disciplines. Part-time and sponsored students are not considered under the Program. Also students who have submitted their thesis for award of the Degree of Ph.D. are not eligible to apply.

What are the areas covered under this Fellowship?

All areas of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (including Medicine, Pharma, Agriculture and related S&T areas) disciplines will be covered by this fellowship.

What is the nature of support for the Fellow?

The selected fellows will be paid a monthly fellowship amount equivalent to US $ 2000, one-time Contingency/Preparatory allowances of ₹60,000/- to cover visa fee, airport transfer charges, medical insurance etc. The selected fellows will also be provided shortest route economy class air fare from their place of work in India to the place of the host institute and back. Students should make their own arrangement for accommodation etc.

Will SERB provide any leave, medical, etc. to the Supervisor of the fellowship awardee during his/her visit to the Overseas Host Institute?

For supervisors who are in regular employment, rules governing payment of salary, leave, medical, gratuity, GPF and pension etc. of the organization/ institution/ university to which the fellow belongs would continue to be applicable. No liability on any of these accounts will be borne by SERB.

When can we apply for the OVD Fellowship Programme? Is it open throughout the year?

The application for consideration under the Overseas Visiting Doctoral Fellowship Program (OVDF) can be submitted only when the call for application is made by Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Can the Fellowship awardee claim their regular institute fellowship while during OVDF period?

The selected fellows while taking up the SERB overseas fellowship should not draw their regular research fellowship in India.

When should the selected fellows start their OVDF Fellowship?

The candidates selected for the award of the fellowship should commence their research in the overseas institution as per the letter of offer given by Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Is there any time limit to the visit of Supervisors to their respective Overseas Institutes?

The exchange visit of the supervisors should be during the tenure of the Ph.D. work of the applicant. Both supervisors should ensure a residency period of at least two weeks and not exceeding 30 days in their respective foreign institutes.

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Competition for engineering tenure-track faculty positions in the United States

Competing Interest: The authors declare no competing interest.

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Siddhartha Roy, Brenda Velasco, Marc A Edwards, Competition for engineering tenure-track faculty positions in the United States, PNAS Nexus , Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2024, pgae169, https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae169

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How likely are engineering PhD graduates to get a tenure-track faculty position in the United States? To answer this question, we analyzed aggregated yearly data on PhD graduates and tenure-track/tenured faculty members across all engineering disciplines from 2006 to 2021, obtained from the American Society of Engineering Education. The average likelihood for securing a tenure-track faculty position for engineering overall during this 16-year period was 12.4% (range = 10.9–18.5%), implying that roughly 1 in 8 PhD graduates attain such positions. After a significant decline from 18.5 to 10.9% between 2006 and 2014 ( R 2 = 0.62; P < 0.05), a trend consistent with a period of rising competition, the outlook has since stabilized between 11.3 and 12% ( R 2 = 0.04; P > 0.05). Given that most engineering PhD graduates will never secure a tenure-track faculty position, emphasizing alternative career tracks during doctoral training could align expectations better with reality.

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree is a prerequisite for a tenure-track (TT) faculty position. Over the past five decades, the percentage of full-time faculty positions in US universities has steadily declined ( 1 ), while the production of science and engineering PhD graduates has nearly doubled ( 2 ). We assume that this asymmetry creates increased competition for PhD graduates interested in getting TT positions ( 3 , 4 ).

To quantify this effect, Larson et al. ( 3 ) applied the basic reproductive number ( R 0 ) concept from epidemiology to estimate the average number of PhD graduates each faculty member “births” over their academic career. An exemplary R 0 of 1 indicates that each professor replaces themselves by graduating just 1 PhD student in a career, which implies that the likelihood of a PhD graduate getting a TT position is 1 in 1 or 100% assuming a steady number of faculty positions. Using this approach, the academic R 0 for the entire field of engineering was calculated to be 7.8 (range = 1.0–19.0) in 2011 and the corresponding likelihood of securing a faculty position was 1 in 7.8 or 12.9% (range = 5.7–100%). Here, we update Larson et al.’s analysis to the 16-year period of 2006–2021 to examine trends in the crude academic R 0 and the associated likelihood of engineering PhD graduates getting TT positions.

We sourced aggregated yearly data on PhD graduates and TT/tenured faculty members for all engineering departments in the United States (Table 1 ) from 2006 to 2021 from annual reports of the American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) ( 5 ). We removed 2019 data from our analysis because of serious data anomalies ( Text S1 ); the total TT/tenured faculty counts for engineering overall and certain disciplines were much higher (and sometimes more than twice as much) compared with both prior and later years, which is impossible. We estimated the crude academic R 0 , i.e. the number of PhD graduates per faculty member over an average career duration of 20 years ( 6 ) using Eq. 1 . Assuming a steady state in the number of TT/tenured faculty positions available ( 3 ), the inverse of the academic R 0 approximates the likelihood of engineering PhD graduates themselves getting a TT position (hereafter referred to as “likelihood”; Eq. 2 ).

Rough proportion of engineering PhD graduates (averaged every 4 years) who would not secure a TT faculty position in their own field in the United States, 2006–2021.

a Excluding 2019 data because of data discrepancies ( Text S1 ).

The average academic R 0 for engineering overall was 8.1 (range = 5.4–9.1) during 2006–2021, which is slightly higher but relatively stable in recent years (Fig. 1 ). The academic R 0 increased significantly at an average rate of 8.6% per year from 2006 ( R 2 = 0.72; P < 0.05). However, from 2015 to 2021, the change was insignificant at −0.3% ( R 2 = 0.05; P > 0.05). This translates to a 1 in 8.1 or 12.4% average likelihood for getting a TT position (range = 10.9–18.5%). After a significant decline from 18.5 to 10.9% between 2006 and 2014 ( R 2 = 0.62; P < 0.05), a trend consistent with a period of rising competition, the likelihood has since stabilized between 11.3 and 12% ( R 2 = 0.04; P > 0.05). The observed trend in the proportion of all engineering PhDs not getting faculty positions in their field in the United States ( Eq. 3 ) also illustrates a slight increase followed by a plateau over the 16-year period (Table 1 ).

Trends in academic reproductive number ( R 0 ) for (a) engineering overall, (b) engineering disciplines with average R 0 > 10, and (c) engineering disciplines with average R 0 < 5, in the United States, 2006–2021. (Excluding 2019 data because of discrepancies; Text S1 .) For overall engineering, the academic R 0 from 2006 was increasing significantly at an average rate of 8.6% or 0.31 per year, but from 2015 to 2021, the change was insignificant (−0.3%).

There was substantial variability in the average academic R 0 between engineering disciplines. The average academic R 0 was 10 or higher (i.e. <10% likelihood) for Engineering Management (10.8), Petroleum (11.2), Biomedical (12.1), Nuclear Engineering (14.8), Metallurgical and Materials (15.4), and Environmental Engineering (17.3) during 2006–2021. Furthermore, the average academic R 0 was below 5 (or >20% likelihood) for Architectural (2.5), Civil/Environmental (3.7), General Engineering (3.9), and Mining (4.5) over the same period. Finally, the average academic R 0 for the remaining engineering disciplines (Table 1 ) was in the 5–10 range, which equates to a rough likelihood between 10 and 20%.

At first glance, Environmental Engineering appears to be the field with the toughest competition, with the highest average academic R 0 across all disciplines. Environmental Engineering's academic R 0 rose post-2010, peaking in 2014 before dropping to pre-2010 levels in 2020–2021 (Fig. 1 ), suggesting an increased availability and hiring of faculty positions and/or a lower count of PhD graduates per faculty in recent years. However, because some universities can report their Environmental Engineering data to the “Civil/Environmental Engineering” category, the true academic R 0 could be lower than the current estimate. In fact, when we combined data for “Civil” ( R 0 = 6.6), “Civil/Environmental” ( R 0 = 3.7), and “Environmental” ( R 0 = 17.3), the average academic R 0 was 6.3.

When comparing the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020–2021) with the prepandemic years (2015–2018), the academic R 0 for engineering overall did not change (+0.2%). The average academic R 0 rose (≥20%) for Civil, Industrial/Manufacturing/Systems, and Petroleum Engineering and dropped (≥20%) for Architectural, Engineering Management, Environmental, and Metallurgical/Materials Engineering. A visual examination (Fig. 1 ), however, revealed that the normal statistical variation in academic R 0 was preserved from 2015 to 2018 into the COVID-19 era for Civil, Environmental, Industrial/Manufacturing/Systems, and Petroleum Engineering. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering alone witnessed an abrupt drop to pre-2010 levels. (The underlying data on total PhD students for Architectural Engineering and Engineering Management are low [sometimes <20 or <100], sometimes generating unreliable academic R 0 , making between-periods comparisons difficult.) Overall, it is too early to state whether the pandemic has had a definitive impact in competition for engineering faculty positions.

Nearly 80% of TT faculty members hired during 2011–2020 were trained at just 20% of US universities, demonstrating a “prestige hierarchy” with a lower likelihood of PhD graduates from the less prestigious universities getting permanent faculty positions ( 7 ). The ever-increasing competition may also help explain why National Science Foundation graduate research fellows in engineering ( n = 244) and graduate students generally believe that pressures for funding, publications, and tenure are among the biggest drawbacks of academia ( 8 , 9 ). An overemphasis on quantitative metrics can increase perverse incentives for academics and threaten scientific integrity ( 10 ).

Paradoxically, recent surveys have found that the research metrics of funding, publication count, and journal impact factors cannot fully explain why some applicants receive job offers, while others do not ( 11 , 12 ). This might be attributed to increased emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion in US faculty hiring over the past 5–10 years ( 13 ). Overall, about 33% of Physical Sciences and Engineering postdoctoral researchers find a TT position within 5–6 years of graduating with a PhD ( 14 ). The hiring of new faculty members is also impacted by established professors retiring much later following the repeal of the mandatory retirement policy (at age 70) in 1994 ( 15 ).

These relatively steady results over the last 10 years or so suggest that competition for academic jobs may be stabilizing and reaching a “new normal.” Since the majority of PhD graduates will never secure a TT faculty position (see Table 1 in Ref. ( 14 )), there has been a corresponding shift in career aspirations, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic, with less than half of graduate students reporting in a recent Nature survey ( n = 3,253) that they want a long-term career in academia ( 8 ). A major barrier for STEM PhD students is a lack of knowledge about alternative academic careers and the training and networks needed to find them ( 16 ). The alternative academic career tracks (e.g. government and industry scientists ( 14 , 17 )) could be emphasized more during PhD training to ensure that expectations more aptly match the realities of TT searches.

Our study has limitations. Some universities might report their numbers from the same engineering discipline to different categories under ASEE guidelines, which can affect aggregate counts for PhD graduates and faculty for the engineering categories and our calculations. We discussed this issue explicitly for the Civil, Civil/Environmental, or Environmental categories, but it may also apply to Electrical and Computer Engineering and other groupings. The calculations for engineering overall (“All” in Table 1 ) do not include the nonengineering category of Computer Science (outside engineering) that the ASEE also compiles data for. Trends for the ASEE engineering categories of Electrical and Computer are not presented herein because the TT/tenured faculty counts were not reported for certain years in the source ASEE reports. Our findings may be less reliable for certain fields like Architectural Engineering, Engineering Management, and Mining Engineering because small changes in the already low numbers of reported faculty and PhD graduates disproportionately affect the academic R 0 . Finally, nonengineering PhD graduates getting professorships in engineering departments and vice versa could not be distinguished in this analysis.

The authors are grateful to Dr Navid Ghaffarzadegan for providing us original calculations from previous research on this topic and Dr Letticia T. Ramlal-Lamble for help with procuring ASEE reports from 2006 to 2017.

Supplementary material is available at PNAS Nexus online.

This study was funded using Dr Marc Edwards’ discretionary funds at Virginia Tech. The article processing fees for PNAS Nexus were covered by Dr Siddhartha Roy’s startup funds from Rutgers University’s School of Environmental and Biological Sciences.

The data underlying the results presented in the study are available on the ASEE website ( https://ira.asee.org/by-the-numbers/ ).

National Science Board, National Science Foundation . 2021 . The STEM labor force of today: scientists, engineers and skilled technical workers (NSB-2021-2) . Alexandria (VA): Science and Engineering Indicators .

National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Science Foundation . 2022 . Doctorate recipients from U.S. Universities: 2021 (NSF 23-300) . Alexandria (VA) .

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Roy   S , Edwards   MA . 2023 . NSF fellows’ perceptions about incentives, research misconduct, and scientific integrity in STEM academia . Sci Rep . 13 ( 1 ): 5701 .

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Denton   M , Borrego   M , Knight   DB . 2022 . US postdoctoral careers in life sciences, physical sciences and engineering: government, industry, and academia . PLoS One . 17 ( 2 ): e0263185 .

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Author notes

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7 Highest-Paying PhDs in India

May 14, 2024

Petroleum Engineering

The average salary is ₹15 LPA. India's oil and gas sector is crucial for its development, and there's a constant demand for experts who can explore, extract, and refine petroleum resources.

Credit: istock

Artificial Intelligence

The average salary is 12–14 LPA. AI is rapidly transforming industries, and PhD graduates with this specialized knowledge are in high demand to develop and implement AI solutions.

Computer Science

The average salary is ₹11–13 LPA. The ever-growing tech sector needs qualified computer scientists for various roles, from designing and developing software to creating cutting-edge applications in cybersecurity or data science.

Chemical Engineering

The average salary is ₹10–12 LPA. Chemical engineers bridge the gap between chemistry and engineering, developing new materials, designing processes for efficient production.

Management Information Systems

The average salary is ₹10–12 LPA. MIS professionals who can analyze information, design systems, and bridge the gap between business needs and technology are highly sought after.

The average salary is ₹10–12 LPA. A PhD in finance equips you with advanced knowledge of financial markets, risk management, and investment strategies, opening doors to well-paying careers in banking, investment banking.

The average salary is 9–11 LPA. A PhD in economics equips you to analyse economic trends, develop policy recommendations, and conduct research that can influence government decisions and business strategies.

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BCCI invites application for India head coach job as Rahul Dravid tenure set to end

The indian cricket board on monday, june 13 invited applications for the role of the head coach of the senior national team. rahul dravid's tenure as the coach will end after the t20 world cup in the usa and the west indies in june..

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• BCCI to not automatically renew Rahul Dravid's contract as head coach
• Dravid's tenure will come to an end after the T20 World Cup in June
• The new head coach likely to get a 3.5-year term -- until the 2027 World Cup

The Indian cricket board (BCCI) on Monday, June 13 invited applications for the role of head coach of the senior national men's team. Rahul Dravid's tenure is all set to end after the T20 World Cup in June and the richest cricket board has set a deadline of May 27 for applying for the top job in the senior national team.

The BCCI, in a statement, mentioned the role would be for a period of 3.5 years from July 1, 2024 to December 31, 2027. Notably, Rahul Dravid's tenure, which was extended after the ODI World Cup, would come to an end after the T20 World Cup, which ends on June 29. India will play the Champions Trophy in 2025 and ODI World Cup in 2027.

"Applications for the position should be submitted by 6PM IST on May 27, 2024. The selection process will include a thorough review of applications, followed by personal interviews and assessments of shortlisted candidates," the BCCI said in a statement.

BCCI secretary Jay Shah, speaking to the press last week, confirmed that Rahul Dravid would be eligible to re-apply for the post of the head coach role, adding that his tenure wouldn't be automatically extended.

Jay Shah had also not ruled out the possibility of having a foreign coach for the senior national men's team. Duncan Fletcher was the last foreign coach for Team India. Ever since, India have had only former national team players as head coaches -- Ravi Shastri, Anil Kumble and Rahul Dravid.

CAN YOU APPLY FOR INDIA HEAD COACH JOB?

• Should have played a minimum of 30 Test Matches or 50 ODI's or
• Head Coach of a full member Test Playing Nation, for a minimum period of 2 years; or
• Head Coach of an Associate member /IPL Team or Equivalent International League/First Class Teams/National A teams, for a minimum period of 3 years; or
• Should have BCCI Level 3 Certification or equivalent; and
• Should be below 60 years of age.

Rahul Dravid took over as the head coach of the senior national team in December 2021 and has been at the helm since. Under Dravid's guidance, India reached the semi-final of the T20 World Cup in 2022, the final of the World Test Championship in 2023 and the ODI World Cup in 2023.

India's ICC title drought has continued for more than 10 years and Dravid might not get the nod of the board if India return from the USA and the West Indies empty-handed.

Aurora University names Paaige Turner, PhD, as provost and executive vice president for academic affairs

May 08, 2024

Aurora University named Paaige Turner, PhD, to the new position of provost and executive vice president for academic affairs, effective July 1.

Turner is currently dean of the College of Communication, Information, and Media at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, a post she has held since 2018.

“Dr. Turner is an exceptional individual who embodies the enterprising, service-oriented, and creative academic leadership that defines our university,” said AU President Susana Rivera-Mills. “Throughout her career, she has exhibited commitment and care for the intellectual growth and personal well-being of students. I am confident she will be a dynamic addition to our university community.”

Turner will report to President Rivera-Mills as a member of the President’s Cabinet and will lead the academic affairs team as they continue AU’s rich history of serving a diverse undergraduate and graduate student body.

“As a first-generation college student whose first attempt at college ended in the fall of my sophomore year, I appreciate Aurora University’s commitment to helping every student succeed,” said Turner. “President Rivera-Mills has set a bold vision for AU’s future. I am honored to share in AU’s work as a relationship-intensive institution, fostering a culture of collaboration and partnership among faculty, staff, and students as we realize that vision.”

During her tenure at BSU, Turner oversaw operations and strategic planning for the college, managing more than 80 faculty members, 1,500 students, and more than 40 campus organizations. Her work helped the college realize its potential in an age of information and new media, including the expansion of the sports production program, and the launch of initiatives to support workforce development, in areas including virtual work and social media.

Prior to her time at Ball State, Turner served as the executive director for the National Communication Association, associate dean at Webster University, and associate vice president at Saint Louis University.

As a scholar and consultant, Turner has more than two decades of experience examining, documenting, and theorizing how cultural beliefs and practices create, sustain, and challenge ideological frameworks.

Widely published in the area of organizational communication, Turner has earned international and national awards for her meritorious work in the field of communication, including a Presidential Citation for Service from the National Communication Association, Fulbright-Nehru International Education Administrators Award for India, Learning Happens Everywhere Award for exemplary collaboration, Faculty Excellence Award, and SLU Star Award. She also was an associate editor for the “International Handbook of Organizational Communication,” which received the NCA Organizational Communication Division 2017 Edited Book Award.

Turner earned her master’s and doctorate in organizational communication from Purdue University and her bachelor’s in rhetoric and marketing from the University of Oregon.