university of hull dissertation template

Dissertations & projects: Home

Research questions.

• The process of reviewing

Project management

• Literature-based projects

Dissertations & independent projects

This is a guide to writing final year undergraduate or masters dissertations and independent projects

This comprehensive guide gives help and advice on everything from developing your initial research question to formatting your document ready for submission. 

Getting them right

Plan a search strategy

The five stages

Literature review

Structure and process

Keep on track

What goes where?

Writing style

Voices and tenses

Using our templates

Data management [Soon]

Keeping your data safe

Data analysis software

Link to our pages on this

Dissertations

Undergraduate & masters

Notes and reports

Recommended books and eBooks from our collection

• Next: Research questions >>
• Last Updated: Feb 28, 2024 10:39 AM
• URL: https://libguides.hull.ac.uk/dissertations
• Login to LibApps
• Library websites Privacy Policy
• University of Hull privacy policy & cookies
• Website terms and conditions
• Accessibility
• Report a problem

What’s Included: The Dissertation Template

If you’re preparing to write your dissertation, thesis or research project, our free dissertation template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .

The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research projects such as dissertations and theses. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your dissertation or thesis will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.

The dissertation template covers the following core sections:

• The title page/cover page
• Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
• Table of contents
• List of figures /list of tables
• Chapter 1: Introduction  (also available: in-depth introduction template )
• Chapter 2: Literature review  (also available: in-depth LR template )
• Chapter 3: Methodology (also available: in-depth methodology template )
• Chapter 4: Research findings /results (also available: results template )
• Chapter 5: Discussion /analysis of findings (also available: discussion template )
• Chapter 6: Conclusion (also available: in-depth conclusion template )
• Reference list

Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included practical examples to help you understand exactly what’s required in each section.

The cleanly-formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.

FAQs: Dissertation Template

What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).

The dissertation template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.

What types of dissertations/theses can this template be used for?

The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research projects such as dissertations or theses, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.

Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.

Will this work for a research paper?

A research paper follows a similar format, but there are a few differences. You can find our research paper template here .

Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level thesis?

This template can be used for a dissertation, thesis or research project at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.

How long should my dissertation/thesis be?

This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. As a general ballpark, Masters-level projects are usually 15,000 – 20,000 words in length, while Doctoral-level projects are often in excess of 60,000 words.

What about the research proposal?

If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .

We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .

How do I write a literature review?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.

How do I create a research methodology?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.

Can I share this dissertation template with my friends/colleagues?

Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.

Can Grad Coach help me with my dissertation/thesis?

Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our dissertation and thesis coaching services .

Have a language expert improve your writing

Run a free plagiarism check in 10 minutes, automatically generate references for free.

• Knowledge Base
• Dissertation
• Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates

Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates

Published on 8 June 2022 by Tegan George .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process . It helps you to lay out and organise your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation, such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review, research methods, avenues for future research, etc.)

In the final product, you can also provide a chapter outline for your readers. This is a short paragraph at the end of your introduction to inform readers about the organisational structure of your thesis or dissertation . This chapter outline is also known as a reading guide or summary outline.

Table of contents

How to outline your thesis or dissertation, dissertation and thesis outline templates, chapter outline example, sample sentences for your chapter outline, sample verbs for variation in your chapter outline, frequently asked questions about outlines.

While there are some inter-institutional differences, many outlines proceed in a fairly similar fashion.

• Working Title
• ‘Elevator pitch’ of your work (often written last).
• Introduce your area of study, sharing details about your research question, problem statement , and hypotheses . Situate your research within an existing paradigm or conceptual or theoretical framework .
• Subdivide as you see fit into main topics and sub-topics.
• Describe your research methods (e.g., your scope, population , and data collection ).
• Present your research findings and share about your data analysis methods.
• Answer the research question in a concise way.
• Interpret your findings, discuss potential limitations of your own research and speculate about future implications or related opportunities.

To help you get started, we’ve created a full thesis or dissertation template in Word or Google Docs format. It’s easy adapt it to your own requirements.

 Download Word template    Download Google Docs template

It can be easy to fall into a pattern of overusing the same words or sentence constructions, which can make your work monotonous and repetitive for your readers. Consider utilising some of the alternative constructions presented below.

Example 1: Passive construction

The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise.

Example 2: IS-AV construction

You can also present your information using the ‘IS-AV’ (inanimate subject with an active verb) construction.

A chapter is an inanimate object, so it is not capable of taking an action itself (e.g., presenting or discussing). However, the meaning of the sentence is still easily understandable, so the IS-AV construction can be a good way to add variety to your text.

Example 3: The I construction

Another option is to use the ‘I’ construction, which is often recommended by style manuals (e.g., APA Style and Chicago style ). However, depending on your field of study, this construction is not always considered professional or academic. Ask your supervisor if you’re not sure.

Example 4: Mix-and-match

To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice , IS-AV construction , and ‘I’ construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text.

As you draft the chapter outline, you may also find yourself frequently repeating the same words, such as ‘discuss’, ‘present’, ‘prove’, or ‘show’. Consider branching out to add richness and nuance to your writing. Here are some examples of synonyms you can use.

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organise your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

All level 1 and 2 headings should be included in your table of contents . That means the titles of your chapters and the main sections within them.

The contents should also include all appendices and the lists of tables and figures, if applicable, as well as your reference list .

Do not include the acknowledgements or abstract   in the table of contents.

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the ‘Cite this Scribbr article’ button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator.

George, T. (2022, June 08). Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved 2 April 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/thesis-dissertation/outline-thesis-dissertation/

Is this article helpful?

Tegan George

Other students also liked, dissertation table of contents in word | instructions & examples, how to write a dissertation proposal | a step-by-step guide, thesis & dissertation acknowledgements | tips & examples.

• Undergraduate study
• Find a course
• Open days and visits
• New undergraduates
• Postgraduate study
• Find a programme
• Visits and open days
• New postgraduates
• International students
• Accommodation
• Schools & faculties
• Business & partnerships
• Current students
• Current staff

Regulations and Code of Practice for Research Degree Programmes

• Summary of regulatory changes and/or additions
• Section 1 – Introduction
• Section 2 – Institutional arrangements
• Section 3 – The research environment
• Section 4 – Admission and induction of students
• Section 5 – Supervision
• Section 6 – Progress and review arrangements
• Section 7 – Development of research and other skills
• Section 8 – Student representation
• Section 9 – Assessment
• Section 10 – Student appeals and complaints
• Annex 1 – Regulations for specific doctoral degrees
• Annex 2 – Regulations for master's degrees by research
• Annex 3 – Unsatisfactory academic progress
• Annex 4 – Dissertation format
• Annex 5 – Integration of publications as chapters
• Annex 6 – Online oral examinations
• Annex 7 – Criteria for award of research degrees
• Annex 8 – Academic integrity and plagiarism
• Annex 9 – Minor errors in a dissertation
• Annex 10 – Guidance from examiners on corrections and resubmissions
• Annex 11 – Policy for research degrees by distance learning
• Annex 12 – Personal and professional development policy
• Annex 13 – Policy on placements
• Annex 14 – Policy for maternity, adoption, paternity, shared parental, and parental leave
• Annex 15 – Medical and exceptional absence policy
• Annex 16 – Supporting research students: a guide for supervisors
• Annex 17 – COVID-19 statements
• Annex 18 – Policy on PGRs who teach
• Annex 19 - Failure to complete assessment for research degrees
• Annex 20 - Summary of academic awards

Related links

• Education and Student Success
• Bristol Institute For Learning and Teaching
• QAA Quality Code

Education and Student Success intranet

University home > Academic Quality and Policy Office > Postgraduate Education > Regulations and Code of Practice for Research Degree Programmes > Annex 4 – Dissertation format

Annex 4 - Format of the dissertation for research degrees

The format of the dissertation – including for research degrees by published work – are set out below and covers both the examination and final Library versions.

Supervisors should advise their research students on the norms and practices of their discipline in terms of the dissertation. Guidance on the integration of publications as chapters within the dissertation, which should only be used following a discussion between supervisors and the student, is provided in Annex 5 .

Candidates must declare if they have secured ethics approval for their research in their dissertation, including information on the approval reference number and the date approval was granted. 

The examination copy must be submitted as a fully formatted pdf. The final Library copy should be electronically deposited in pdf format or other format acceptable to the University and appropriate to the medium as agreed with supervisors. 

See Annex 17 for the inclusion of a Covid-19 statement in the dissertation.

Format of dissertations for research degrees

Preliminary pages

The five preliminary pages (with the addition of a cover sheet if there is a partial deferment version – see below) must be the Title Page, Abstract, Dedication and Acknowledgements, Author’s Declaration and Table of Contents. The preliminary pages should be single-sided and the main body of the dissertation should be double-sided.

At the top of the title page, within the margins, the dissertation should give the title and, if necessary, sub-title and volume number. If the dissertation is in a language other than English, the title must be given in that language and in English. The full name of the author should be in the centre of the page. At the bottom centre should be the words “A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of … in the Faculty of ...” with the name of the school and month and year of submission. The word count of the dissertation (which excludes references, appendices and lists of contents) should be entered at the bottom right-hand side of the page.

Each copy must include an abstract or summary of the dissertation in not more than 300 words, which should be single-spaced in a font size in the range 10 to 12. If the dissertation is in a language other than English, an abstract in that language and an abstract in English must be included.

Author’s declaration

I declare that the work in this dissertation was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the University's Regulations and Code of Practice for Research Degree Programmes and that it has not been submitted for any other academic award. Except where indicated by specific reference in the text, the work is the candidate's own work. Work done in collaboration with, or with the assistance of, others, is indicated as such. Any views expressed in the dissertation are those of the author.

SIGNED: .............................................................  DATE:..........................

Students must print their name on the examination copy and on the final Library copy. 

Partial deferment

Where a partial deferment for the public release of the final Library copy has been granted (see Section 9.2.5 ) both the redacted and full versions of the final version of the dissertation must be submitted. The redacted version file should adopt the following naming approach: ‘Redacted_Final_Copy_[year_month_day]_[candidate surname_candidate initials]_[Degree type].’

A cover sheet must be integrated as the first page of the redacted version with a statement on the redactions agreed by the candidate, supervisors and any industrial sponsors. The following is a suggested wording for the statement, which should be adapted for individual circumstances.

This is a redacted version of the full dissertation, as agreed by the candidate, the supervisors and [name], the industrial sponsor of this [degree type] studentship in the Faculty of [name]. The redactions cover key information that was deemed too sensitive to be published. The redactions have been kept to the minimum level necessary, so that the dissertation still shows the research excellence of the candidate.

The version for examination will contain the full text, even if a partial deferment has been granted.

Table of contents, list of tables and illustrative material

The table of contents must list, with page numbers, all chapters, sections and subsections, the list of references, bibliography, list of abbreviations and appendices. The list of tables and illustrations should follow the table of contents, listing with page numbers the tables, photographs, diagrams, etc., in the order in which they appear in the text.

Page numbering

The pages should be numbered consecutively at the bottom centre of the page.

Text should be in double or 1.5 line spacing, and font size should be chosen to ensure clarity and legibility for the main text and for any quotations and footnotes.

Digital recording media and research data

Appended digital recording media should be in a standard format and there should be a declaration in the dissertation of the programs used and the size of the files.

For the final copy of the dissertation, digital media such as Excel files should be combined into a single pdf file with the dissertation text. Students should discuss any accompanying research data that may be submitted with the dissertation with their supervisors. Guidance is also available from Library Services.

University of Bristol Beacon House Queens Road Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK Tel: +44 (0)117 928 9000 Contact us

Information for

• New students

Connect with us

Study at bristol.

• Students' Union
• Sport, exercise and health
• Find a researcher
• Faculty research
• Impact of our research
• Research quality and assessment
• Engaging with the public

About the University

• Maps and travel
• Tours and visits
• The University on film
• Explore the city of Bristol
• Board of Trustees

Support the University

• Alumni and friends
• Working at Bristol
• Job listings

A–Z of the University

• Terms and conditions
• Accessibility statements
• Privacy and cookie policy
• Modern Slavery statement
• © 2024 University of Bristol

Library website

Event title:

Formatting your doctoral thesis using the uoh templates [on campus], event details, event description, workshop description.

The University has produced a set of templates to help with formatting these documents. This workshop will show you how to use the Chapter Template to create each individual chapter of your thesis and then bring these into the Thesis Template to create the final document for submission. 

Learning outcomes

By the end of this workshop, you will be able to use these templates including:

Chapter template

• Using the in-built styles to format your text
• Using captioning to number your figures and tables
• Cross-referencing
• Inserting landscape pages within the document
• Editing page numbers if necessary

Thesis template

• Being aware of the pre-set actions and what needs to go in each one
• Inserting individual chapter templates into the appropriate places within the thesis
• Populating the tables of contents, list of figures and list of tables

Who this workshop is for

Doctoral students who need to format long documents and combine them into a single document for submission. This workshop would be particularly good for those just starting to write. If you are already well into the writing process, we would recommend that you make a personal appointment with a member of the Skills Team to discuss your formatting needs.

Facilitator

This workshop is run by an Academic & Library Specialist from the Brynmor Jones Library Skills Team.

Registration

Privacy statement, what is the gdpr.

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (EU) 2016/679 is a regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy for all individuals within the European Union. It addresses the export of personal data outside the EU. The information that you provide will be held in accordance with the Data Protection Act 1998 and from 25 May 2018 the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This page will outline how we process, store and use your data.

You can find out more about the University of Hull and how we handle your data in the University of Hull Privacy Policy . In addition to this policy, this website manages your information as follows:

University of Hull Details

The University of Hull is a registered data controller with the Information Commissioner's Office. The registered address is:

The University of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX

The University of Hull's Data Protection Officer is Luke Thompson he can be contacted on [email protected]

Cookies on this website

To use this platform, the system writes one or more cookies in your browser. These cookies are not shared with any third parties. Find out more about Cookies from http://www.allaboutcookies.org .

How this website processes your data

Personal data entered on this website will be collected and processed to allow you access to Library services and events. Your personal data will be processed and stored by a third-party processor, Springshare LLC, on behalf of the University of Hull.

The University will not disclose your personal data to any external third party, other than as set out in this policy and/or where you have given us permission to do so, unless we are required to do so by law.

Under the General Data Protection Regulation, the University must establish a legal basis for processing your personal data and communicate this to you. The legal basis for processing your personal data is that processing is necessary for the purposes of Legitimate Interests pursued by the controller or a third party, except where such interests are overridden by the interests, rights or freedoms of the data subject. Specific pages of this website and services offered by the University Library will process your data based on consent. This is made clear on all pages where this applies.

Embedded content from other websites

Articles on this site may include embedded content (e.g. videos, images, articles, Twitter widget, etc.). Embedded content from other websites behaves in the exact same way as if the visitor has visited the other website. These websites may collect data about you, use cookies, embed additional third-party tracking, and monitor your interaction with that embedded content, including tracing your interaction with the embedded content if you have an account and are logged in to that website. See the following for more information:

Twitter: Privacy Policy and Cookies Use .

Google (including YouTube): Privacy Policy .

Google Analytics is used to analyse the use of this website. Google Analytics gathers information about website use by means of cookies. The information gathered relating to our website is used to create reports about the use of our website. See Google's Privacy Policy for more information. Springshare analytics are built into this website and store your IP address and browser information in server logs to generate anonymized usage statistics. The University of Hull uses these statistics to gauge the use of library content, and the information is not shared with any third parties.

When submitting a question to LibAnswers, your name and contact details will be used to provide a response to your query. The information you provide in live chats and the transcript are saved for quality and training purposes. If you leave a comment, the comment and its metadata are retained indefinitely for publication on LibAnswers.

Website visitors have the option to subscribe to library and skills team newsletters via MailChimp and consent is collected as part of the signup process. MailChimp is certified under the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework and the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework. You can read their Privacy Policy on their website.

Your rights as a data subject

The GDPR provides you, as a data subject, with a number of rights in relation to your personal data. You have the right to withdraw your consent where that is the legal basis of our processing, have inaccuracies in the personal data that we hold about you rectified, a right to erasure, to request that the processing of your personal data be restricted, to object to certain processing activities and to complain to the Information Commissioner's Office about the way we process your personal data.

You have a right to request a copy of the information that we hold about you. If you would like to request a copy of some or all of your personal data, please email the University's Information Compliance Department . We want to make sure that your personal data is accurate and up to date. You may ask us to correct or remove information that you think is inaccurate.

Data retention

The personal data that you provide the University of Hull will be held by the University of Hull in compliance with our Retention Schedule. Springshare, our data processor runs annual data cleansing on personal data to remove it from our systems.

Changes to our privacy notice

We will keep our privacy notice under regular review and we will place any updates on this web page and inform data subjects of this change. Please see the footer of this website for the last amendment date and time.

Who do I contact if I want to know more?

For further information about your right to access information we hold about you, or to make a complaint about the way in which we are handling your personal information please email the  Governance and Information Compliance Team .

If you are not satisfied with our response or wish to raise a complaint with our supervisory body, please visit the Information Commissioner's Office .

Version 1.2

• Graduate School
• Location Location
• Contact Contact
• Colleges and Schools
• Thesis & Dissertation
• Formatting Your Thesis or Dissertation

Preformatted Templates

You are not required to use a template to format your thesis or dissertation but if you do, you should still refer to formatting guidelines to ensure your document follows all requirements. 

Preformatted Thesis and Dissertation Templates

• Full Template
• Copyright Page
• Acknowledgements
• Table of Contents
• Abbreviations

Instructions for Using These Templates

These templates have already been formatted to conform with our requirements. You will enter your information wherever you find red text. Use these templates and their instructions in conjunction with the Formatting Guide .

Challenge the conventional. Create the exceptional. No Limits.

Quick links

Our courses

Sorry, we couldn't find any courses that match your search. Try searching for something else.

Our research

Search our website

Popular searches

Your search term has returned 0 results

It’s showtime. And you’re the star.

Since launching in 2011, our yearly student thesis conference (stc) has grown into one of the biggest platforms for sports students to showcase their research..

It’s open to all Sports, Health and Exercise Science (SHES) students, with our first years attending as delegates. Second year students are invited to make a poster presentation of their proposed study plan. While our third years deliver an oral presentation on the dissertation they’ve recently completed.

This unique, day-long event also puts you in the same room as successful Hull graduates, and some of the best-known employers in the industry.

Watch: STC 2020 highlights 1 day, 200 presentations, 500 guests: welcome to STC 2020 . Let Asha, Lauren and Jack show you around… window.onload = function scrollingFunction() { document.querySelector("iframe#video-0").removeAttribute('frameborder'); document.querySelector("iframe#video-0").removeAttribute('width'); document.querySelector("iframe#video-0").removeAttribute('height'); document.querySelector("iframe#video-0").setAttribute('style', 'border:none;'); } Browser does not support script. Hear success stories from Hull graduates

Many of our graduates go on to big things, and you’ll get to hear how they did it. Dr Steve Barratt, former Senior Sports Scientist at Hull City and now Director of Sports Science and Research Innovation at wearable technology firm PlayerMaker, was among our alumni speakers in 2020.

Network with top employers

The British Army, the British Association of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, Yorkshire Cricket, Yorkshire Netball, Tigers Trust, Sporting Opportunities, Hull School Centered Initial Teacher Training: just some of the employers who attend each year. So you can make some contacts and start planning for life after university.

Boost your presentation skills

STC underlines the progressive learning and teaching in SHES. Not only is it a highlight of your year, it also gives you the chance to practice your presentation skills, and develop the confidence to address groups of people and answer questions about your work. These skills are invaluable when you graduate and enter the world of work.

Try Sport, Health and Exercise Science for yourself

Raise your game and go further studying under internationally-recognised experts in state-of-the-art facilities, recently upgraded in a substantial £15-million investment.

Browser does not support script.

• Future Students
• Parents and Families

Graduate School

• News and Events

Thesis and Dissertation Formatting Guidelines

Thesis/Dissertation Brochure

The Thesis/Dissertation Process: From Proposal to Defense Brochure is provided to clarify the standards set by the University of Rhode Island Graduate School and describe the criteria used to approve a thesis or dissertation. Following the defense in the discipline under which the work is awarded, it must meet the standards described in this document.

A recent thesis or dissertation may be used for guidance, especially in disciplines like mathematics, which have special formatting problems. However, be aware that they may contain mistakes. Candidates are responsible for consulting with the Office of the Dean of the Graduate School regarding University requirements on preparation of the thesis or dissertation and on deadlines for submission.

MS Word Thesis Template is provided to assist the student in writing their thesis. It does not replace the instructions posted in the website. It is the student responsibility to adhere to the instructions when writing their thesis.

• Thesis Template (MS Word)
• Thesis could also be prepared using LaTeX .

Dissertation

Thesis/dissertation formatting orientation.

The orientation includes a presentation from the Graduate School Enrollment Office, the Library Institutional Repository, the Graduate Writing Center, and the Graduate Document Formatter.

Graduate Enrollment Office

The Graduate School Enrollment Office’s presentation describes procedures and documents observed during the final stages of graduation. 

• Grad Enrollment PowerPoint Presentation

Library Institutional Repository

The Library Institutional Repository is an online repository for URI academic documents, including Theses and Dissertations. 

• Institutional Repository PowerPoint Presentation

Graduate Writing Center

The Graduate Writing Center’s task is to improve the quality of writing in the graduate student community. 

• Graduate Writing Center PowerPoint Presentation

Graduate Formatter

The Thesis/Dissertation Formatter’s presentation was broken into two parts. The first part describes the actual formatting of the document, and the second part described the online interactions required for formatting and final submission of your document. 

Formatting Your Document

• Document Formatting PowerPoint Presentation

Formatting Procedure

• Formatting Process PowerPoint Presentation