short essay on terrorism in pakistan

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Terrorism in Pakistan: the psychosocial context and why it matters

Asad tamizuddin nizami.

1 Assistant Professor, Institute of Psychiatry, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; email moc.liamg@imazindasard

Tariq Mahmood Hassan

2 Assistant Professor, Providence Care Mental Health Services, Kingston, Canada

Sadia Yasir

3 Consultant Psychiatrist, Shifa International Hospital, Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan

Mowaddat Hussain Rana

4 Director General, Centre for Trauma Research and Psychosocial Interventions, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan

Fareed Aslam Minhas

5 Head Institute of Psychiatry, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Terrorism is often construed as a well-thought-out, extreme form of violence to perceived injustices. The after effects of terrorism are usually reported without understanding the underlying psychological and social determinants of the terrorist act. Since ‘9/11’ Pakistan has been at the epicentre of both terrorism and the war against it. This special paper helps to explain the psychosocial perspective of terrorism in Pakistan that leads to violent radicalisation. It identifies the terrorist acts in the background of Pakistan's history, current geopolitical and social scenario. The findings may also act as a guide on addressing this core issue.

Most nations are unable to reach a consensus on a legally binding definition of ‘terrorism.’ The term seems emotionally charged and, as such, governments have been devising their own definitions. So far the United Nations has been unable to devise an internationally agreed-upon definition of terrorism. Terrorism is suggested to be ‘the use of intimidation or fear for advancement of political objectives’ (Kruglanski & Fishman, 2006 ). Since the ‘9/11’ incident, Muslim countries in particular feel emotionally threatened with the word terrorism and perceive it as synonymous with the acts of terror carried out by so-called Muslim extremist groups. This is further complemented in the media by the unjust linking of such horrendous terror attacks to Islamic Jihad.

Terrorism has brought an enormous burden on South Asian countries through the adverse impacts on their social, economic, political and physical infrastructure. Pakistan has suffered particularly excessively from the social, economic and human costs due to terrorism (Daraz et al , 2012 ). Surprisingly, Pakistan is portrayed as being on the front line in the international war against terrorism and at the same time has been wrongly labelled as a sponsor of international terrorism. Terrorism in Pakistan is a multidimensional phenomenon and, among many precipitating factors, the psychosocial factors play an important role. This paper attempts to address what we believe are significant psychosocial determinants to terrorism in Pakistan.

Historical developments

Pakistan is a Muslim majority nation in South East Asia with India to its east, Iran and Afghanistan to its west, China and the landlocked Asian countries to its north and the Arabian Sea to its south. Pakistan gained independence from British colonial rule in 1947 and is the only Muslim country with nuclear weapons – a nuclear device was detonated in 1998 – and is thus part of the informally named ‘nuclear club.’ Pakistan is a federation of four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and Balochistan), a capital territory (Islamabad) and a group of federally administered tribal areas in the north west, along with the disputed area of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Pakistan is the world's sixth most populous country with an average population density of 229 people per km 2 (World Bank indicators; http://www.tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/urban-population-growth-annual-percent-wb-data.html ). Since independence in 1947, Pakistan has been challenged not only by the trauma inflicted by its colonial occupiers but also by the mass murder of people migrating to the ‘new’ country. Hundreds of thousands of people were killed, looted, raped or burnt alive. At the same time, the stability of this fledgling country was significantly hampered by the lack of resources. Just a few years later, due to political instability and separatist movements and terrorism, the east wing of the country was separated from Pakistan; this paved the way to the creation of a new country, Bangladesh, in 1971 (Wadhwani, 2011 ).

The Soviet–Afghan war, which began in 1979, provided a breeding ground for terrorism in the region. A fundamental change was witnessed that altered the very character of the existing Pakistani society. Withdrawal of the Soviets revealed a Pakistani society that had been forced into one of violence and weaponisation, plaguing Pakistan with so-called ‘Kalashnikov culture’ and ‘Talibanisation’ (Wadhwani, 2011 ).

Pakistan's social landscape has for the most part been plagued with illiteracy, disease, insecurity and injustice. Since the 9/11 incident, Pakistan has been intricately linked with the many facets of the ‘war on terrorism.’ Some argue that Pakistan is a breeding ground for terrorist outfits, but it is certain that all of this havoc has resulted in the significant loss of innocent lives as well as loss of economic revenue. These fragile conditions provide a fertile ground for terrorism to grow.

Psychological influence

The act of carrying out terrorist activity does not come from a single moment of inspiration but rather from a complex process of cognitive accommodation and assimilation over accumulating steps. It is wrongly reductionist to label the terrorists as mad or psychopaths (Atran, 2003 ; Horgan, 2008 ). Terrorists’ motivation may involve a deep, underlying quest for personal meaning and significance. Several analyses of such motives have appeared in recent years. There are differences in these analyses regarding the type and variety of motivational factors identified as critical to terrorism. Some authors identified a singular motivation as crucial; others listed a ‘cocktail’ of motives (Sageman, 2004 ; Bloom, 2005 ).

The socioeconomic adversity combined with political challenges were bound to have a detrimental impact on the psyche of the average Pakistani. A terrorist adopts a dichotomous way of identifying their victims, the black-and-white thought that ‘I am good’ and ‘you are evil,’ with no intermediary shades of grey. This thinking leaves no doubt in their minds and they find it easier to kill their opponents with little or no sense of remorse or guilt.

The unmanned army drone strikes killed and maimed thousands of innocent civilians in poor and difficult to access regions of Pakistan. This infuriated people, leading them to take up arms against the perceived aggressors. This triggering of the relatives of the deceased to engage in such activity is the culture of revenge in Pakistan, which unfortunately can last for generations.

Self-sacrifice and martyrdom has been explicitly used in almost all religions and is aggressively exploited by terrorist outfits who groom suicide bombers using the ideology of Islamist martyrdom (Atran, 2003 ). Some have argued that suicide bombers may actually be clinically suicidal and attempting to escape personal impasse (Lankford, 2013 ). In grooming young impressionable adolescents, extremist organisations brainwash these adolescents into believing that the ultimate self-sacrifice by suicide bombing will elevate their stature in the eyes of God and send them straight to heaven. This is associated with massive financial compensations to the deceased family. Terrorist organisations in Pakistan, through this process of brainwashing, have been able to convert young impressionable Muslim adolescents into a ‘suicide bomber in six weeks’ (Nizami et al , 2014 ). In the current scenario of the existing war on terror, this complex process of recruiting young adolescents as suicide bombers seems irreversible.

The contribution of the religious schools

In the West, Madrassas (Islamic religious schools) have gained a reputation of being a sinister influence on young impressionable Muslims. These institutions are not completely regulated and can vary from a single room to large institutions offering schooling and boarding to hundreds of students at a time. A survey of just over 50 000 households in Pakistan found that children in Urdu-medium government schools and madrassas were from poorer households than those in English-medium private schools. The primary reason for parents to send their children to madrassas as opposed to mainstream schools was that these institutions provided a good Islamic education. The second most common reason was that the madrassa provided education that is low in cost along with the provision of food and clothing (Cockcroft et al , 2009 ).

Another survey indicated that in Pakistan only a minority of the religious schools promoted an extremist view of Islam (Bano, 2007 ). An interrogation of 79 terrorists involved in anti-Western attacks found that very few had attended a madrassa. This suggests that terrorist groups may selectively recruit better qualified people for technically demanding tasks (Bergen & Pandey, 2006 ). However, the religious seminaries have been implicated as playing the role of recruitment centres for the suicide bombers (Nizami et al , 2014 ).

In an effort to break this incorrect perception the Darul Uloom Deoband, the largest Islamic seminary in the world, hosted an anti-terrorist conference in 2008. This was attended by 6000 Imams declaring that ‘Islam is a religion of mercy for all humanity. Islam sternly condemns all kinds of oppression, violence and terrorism. It has regarded oppression, mischief, rioting and murder among sins and crimes’ (Press Trust of India, 2008 ). However, it is yet to be ascertained how many religious schools in Pakistan adopted this school of thought. With the revolution in the world of information technology, experts agree that the internet played an important role in the radicalisation and self-recruitment process into terrorist groups. Messages and videos on jihadi websites target the ‘soft spots’ of potential recruits and inflame their imagination (Kruglanski & Fishman, 2009 ).

The link between terrorism and mental disorder

With both mental disorder and terrorism in Pakistan being highly prevalent, it would be a fair assumption that the two may have a causal relationship. Walter Laqueur wrote that ‘all terrorists believe in conspiracies by the powerful, hostile forces and suffer from some form of delusion and persecution mania… The element of… madness plays an important role in terrorism’ (Silke, 2003 ).

However, apart from certain pathological cases, a causal connection between an individual's mental disorder and engagement in terrorist activity could not be established (Daraz et al , 2012 ). However, there can be a connection between an individual engaging in terrorist activity and developing a mental disorder as mental disorders worsen in stress, anxiety and depression.

The adverse impacts of terrorism lead the masses towards anomie and create the tendency towards suicide and mental illnesses (Daraz et al , 2012 ). Poor health, depressive symptoms, risky behaviours in young adults, personality variables, social inequalities, criminality, social networks and international foreign policy have all been proposed to be influential drivers for grievances that lead to radicalisation and terrorism (La Free & Ackerman, 2009 ).

It may well be that individuals with mild depression would be a better target for gradual psychological moulding. Female suicide bombers who are predominantly motivated by revenge as opposed to their male counterparts may have some degree of clinical depression (Jacques & Taylor, 2008 ). Personality traits are useless as predictors for understanding why people become terrorists. However, personality traits and environmental conditions are the contributing factors for terrorism (Horgan, 2008 ). There are protective and modifiable risk factors early on the path towards radicalisation. The benefits of early intervention have far reaching implications for preventing significant depressive symptoms, promoting wellbeing and perhaps social capital (Bhui et al , 2014 ).

By understanding, appreciating and addressing the psychosocial factors contributing to terrorism in Pakistan, one may find long-lasting solutions to the fall out on Pakistan's war against terror. This war has led to a loss of innocent human lives, compounded by the deep psychological scars for survivors which will undoubtedly persist for generations to come. An ongoing, concerted effort to gain peace and security in the region is essential and is the only way to counteract the revenge attacks and further brainwashing of young impressionable youths. These psychological determinants, however, are markedly different than terrorist activities in Western countries, where it seems that a different set of psychological rules apply.

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Short essay on Terrorism in Pakistan

If you ask anyone in America what do you think of Pakistanis? Without any hesitation they would say “Pakistanis are terrorists”. This is the stereotype which has developed over the recent years and it would be wrong to say that such a stereotype is wrongly associated with the country. The biggest problem facing Pakistan is terrorism which has spoiled the country’s reputation in the entire world and it would require excessive amounts of effort on behalf of the country to improve its image in the global arena.

Terrorism in Pakistan is majorly associated with religious extremism and its incidence has increased since the events of 9/11. Taliban was behind the attacks of 9/11 and its roots extended to Pakistan. Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan is another terrorist group which has been associated with terrorist attacks in the country and is directly linked to Osama bin Laden’s Terrorist organization. Taliban’s fight was not initially against Pakistan but after 9/11 when former President Pervez Musharraf agreed to form an ally with the U.S against “War on Terror” there was great rage in the Taliban outfit who decided then to launch terrorist attacks in the country in retaliation. Although Pakistan is part of the US alliance they are often accused by US for being a terrorist country which has challenged Pakistan’s sovereignty. This has also resulted in internal conflicts in the country with many people raising their voices against the government and demanding Pakistan to leave the US alliance against “War on Terror”.

The casualties that have resulted from terrorist attacks in the country have increased from 168 in 2003 to more than 4000 per year in 2011. This is an alarming situation for the country as terrorist attacks have caused a decline in Pakistan’s economy. Foreign investors are not ready to come to Pakistan to initiate business projects because they do not think that the country is safe for making any investments There have been various incidents reported where the Chinese businessmen have been attacked or kidnapped by terrorists and China being a major investor in Pakistan is losing confidence in the country with every passing day. The country’s sports have also been badly affected after a terrorist attack on the Srilankan Cricket Team in Lahore and since then no international cricket team has visited Pakistan. Terrorist groups do not miss an opportunity to carry out terrorist attacks on any religious event either. Attacks have been made on Shias and Ahmedis frequently. Every year there are bomb blasts on their religious processions and the government seems to be helpless in front of these terrorists as they have no way to stop these bomb blasts from happening.

There have been various suggestions given by popular personalities in the country to control terrorism but none seem to be viable. The government has offered time and again to negotiate with the Terrorist outfits but these terrorist are not prepared to make any negotiations until Pakistan leaves the US alliance. However, it’s high time that some practical steps are taken by the government to control these terrorist activities or else the time is near when the country would be termed as a “Failed State”.

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War Against Terrorism Essay

Table of Contents

The systematic approach adopts here while writing War Against Terrorism Essay. We have the idea that it is the need of those students who want higher studies rooted in violence and perceived injustices. The lead goes with the psychological determinants of the terrorist act. The Western media put light on terrorism and war specifically after 9/11. Violent radicalization is the result of such a mindset. Terror thinking finds a way to search Pakistan’s history, even the current geopolitical situation, and social scenario. It is the core issue reflected in the best way.

Every government has its own interpretation and struggle to define terrorism. There is no standard definition indeed. United Nations did not ponder to articulate a full-fledged definition that can make the standard for all countries. The event of 9/11 has impacted the Muslim community specifically.

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Event of 9/11:

The incident directly creates the feeling In Muslims that terrorism has a direct impact on the so-called Muslim extremist groups. In simple words, it can say that terrorism is what these groups are doing. The same mindset makes the wrong interpretation of Islamic Jihad as well. Social, economic, and human costs due to terrorism heavily affect the Pakistani stand at an international level. The purpose of the narrative is to show the same in this War Against Terrorism Essay. Pakistan is the first country made with the name of Islam on the world map and obviously, it faces the same mindset on the frontline.

Soviet-Afghan War 1979:

The Western media never missed a chance to mention the first step of Pakistan toward terrorism in the region. A fundamental change was witnessed that altered the very character of the existing Pakistani society. The withdrawal of the Soviets revealed a Pakistani society that had been forced into havoc. There are many direct and indirect events in terrorism linked to the War Against Terrorism Essay. It assures that how every event including the event of 9/11 and the first step of the Soviet-Afghan War in 1979 are some facets of the Essay On War Against Terrorism.

Pakistan Stock Exchange Attack

In 2020, some terrorists attacked the Pakistan Stock Exchange which is located in Karachi. When work hours started then some of the people who are completely loaded with the latest guns and bombs attacked the main branch then some of the Pakistan arm forces soldiers were taken action against them and shot all the terrorists.

Now, you can get the War Against Terrorism Essay in English because some people do not understand Urdu literature so all information about terrorism is mentioned on this page. Students can read the War Against Terrorism Essay with Quotes.

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63 Comments

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it’s very good eassy on terrorim in pakistan

niceee nd good eassy i think the date of incident of lal masid on may be 2005 in musharafs period

Nice’essay.

really a gooood essay.,,.,!!

Lal masjid incident happened in July-2007 while the suicide attacks start from Airstricke on a Madrassa at Bajaur Agency, the tribal area of Pakistan. It results 82 Madrassa students.

this is really nice essay

i dont think the incident of lal masjid brings terrorism in pakistan

i wanna say that incident of lal masjid was not in late 1999s

hey plz if u know than reply me the actual date of this incident………

@batool right

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Essay On Terrorism In Pakistan With Outline In Easy Words

Essay On Terrorism In Pakistan With Outline In Easy Words:   A major hitch in Pakistan that is overcoming the peace and prosperity of this Islamic country is Terrorism. It has been fenced the independence of our lives and we are always in a fright that can never be let us live freely and happily. So this problem must be uprooted with fits and starts and we have to be aware of the causes and preventions of this social issue. Terrorism means the use of aggression to fright the noble nation. Those who are spreading the terrorism are called a terrorist. Terrorist are everywhere and these are those peoples who are not a patriot and they have no mercy in their hearts for others. There are many ways of brutality that are causing terrorism like bomb blasting, target killing, use of hush money and much more. All these ways enhance the fright in our hearts and deadly disturb our lives and when in any country these things raise their heads the peace is gone and the fear makes it place with firm steps. So it can be stated that terrorism is the mother of all the social evils and we should take up the call against this giant who will destroy the abilities of the upcoming generation.

In this page we are written the Terrorism In Pakistan Essay In Simple Words With Outlines For Matric, Intermediate, and Even and Graduation Students Can Also Prepare This Essay For Their Exams. You Can Also Add Your Content In It Because There Are Different Online Readers Can Copy It. Related Articles 14 August Speech in English for Pakistan Independence Day August 18, 2023 The Potential of Social Media Marketing for Business Growth in Islamabad July 12, 2023 AIOU Tutor Search By Roll No 2024 June 4, 2023 Biotechnology Scope In Pakistan April 6, 2023

Reasons of  Terrorism in Pakistan Essay:

There are many reasons which are causing terrorism but the main reasons are written below

• Illiteracy is always the main reason for all the social evils as well as terrorism because one who is educated can never be acclaim for killing others
• Poverty is also another reason for it because when the new generation will find it hard to meet the expenses of daily lives he will choose the wrong way and will become a terrorist
• There are many outer agencies which are also working in Pakistan to high up the terrorism
• The condition of Peoples are pathetic and they are not fully aware of the seriousness of terrorism and they are not coordinating with the government in order to prevent the terrorism
• The role of concerned authorities is also not up to the mark

Prevention Of Terrorism In Pakistan Essay:

We can prevent the terrorism in Pakistan by taking some special steps against this evil with the great coordination of our Government

• People should admission their child to school for education instead of job anywhere in the age of their school and government should make the education free for such peoples who cannot afford for it
• Pakistan Army has taken special steps with the collaboration of the Government of Pakistan with the name of National Action Plan of Pakistan against terrorism
• Peoples and government should join hands together and make a master plan that can be fade away terrorists from Pakistan
• The special investigation departments and our rangers should be honest with their work and government should give them special training to caught such agencies which are spreading the terrorism in Pakistan

Impact Of Terrorism In Pakistan:

The impacts of terrorism in Pakistan is affecting the different phases of life. It impacts on society, economy, agriculture, and there are lots of international impacts leaving their impact on life on a national basis. Whenever, any terrorist attack held in bomb blasting, hijacking a school, or any other type of terrorism it left a big impact for a long time even the upcoming generation is in getting involved in a big issue that is overcoming their happiness, peace, and of course the ways of success.

While if we talk about the psychological impacts then there are no words to elaborate it because of the terrorist attack in Army Public school Peshawar on 14th December 2014 is yet alive in our minds and of course the child studying there. But we should show the unity so that we can overcome all these evils from our society.

So here I have written the essay on terrorism in Pakistan with outline in easy words where I have written the reasons and causes along with the impact of Terrorism on society, economy, and education as well as the psychological effects of this evil on the land of Pakistan and all over the world.

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Terrorism in Pakistan: Causes, Impacts, and Way Forwards

• Usama Nawaz Dothar
• December 17, 2022
• CSS , Css Essays , CSS Solved Essays , PMS , PMS Essays
• 41126 Views

What are the causes, impacts, and way forwards of Terrorism in Pakistan? | Terrorism in Pakistan: Causes, Impacts, and Way Forwards | CSS Essays | PMS Essays | Essays by Sir Syed Kazim Ali

Usama Nawaz Dothar has attempted this essay on the given pattern, which Sir  Syed Kazim Ali  teaches his students, who have consistently been qualifying their CSS and PMS essays. The essay is uploaded to help other competitive aspirants learn and practice how to write a comprehensive outline; how to write bullets in an outline; how to write the introductory paragraph; how to connect sentences and paragraphs; how to write a topic sentence; how to put evidence within the paragraphs.

1- INTRODUCTION

• ✓  Terrorism, a global evil threatening the world’s peace
• ✓  Wreaking havoc in Pakistan
• ✓  Affecting the socio-political and economic fabric of the country
• ✓  Raising a diverse range of issues for the country
• ✓  The miserable state of affairs urging for a viable solution

2- CURRENT SITUATION

• ✓  At present, Pakistan, along with other problems, is still struggling with the issue. 
• ✓  According to the South Asia Terrorism Portal, Pakistan witnessed 319 terrorism-related incidents in 2022 and 169 associated deaths of civilians.
• ✓  After the withdrawal of the USA, the new Taliban regime in Afghanistan further escalated the situation along the Pak-Afghan border.
• ✓  According to the Pak Institute of Peace Studies, a local think tank, as many as 433 people were killed and 179 injured in 250 attacks in Pakistan between August 15, 2021, and August 14, 2022 

3- WHAT ARE THE MAJOR CAUSES BEHIND THE MENACE?

• ✓  Burgeoning national-provincial and provincial-provincial rift
• ✓  Halting socioeconomic growth that leads to a lack of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
• ✓  Overpowering all other concerns state resources under constant pressure, as a significant chunk of the budget goes for security buildup
• ✓  An increasing number of unemployed youngsters is an impetus for radicalization.
• ✓  Governing and relocating problems of Internally displaced persons, issues of refugees, and infrastructure rebuilding
• ✓  Sparking a concern to move to a safe place in the country or abroad 

5- HOW SOME PRAGMATIC MEASURES CAN HELP PAKISTAN TO OVERCOME THE MENACE

• ✓  To educate and register madarises
• ✓  To create jobs and a business-friendly environment
• ✓  To eradicate religious and ethnic differences.  
• ✓  To develop consensus among all stakeholders.
• ✓  To provide awareness to the masses through campaigns and the media’s active role.
• ✓  To expand state writ.

6- CRITICAL ANALYSIS 7- CONCLUSION

Terrorism is a global evil, threatening the world’s peace that humankind has struggled to achieve for centuries. Terrorism, the calculated use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population, is an organized warfare to achieve a diverse range of goals, particularly political objectives. In pursuance, terrorists, in particular, target innocent citizens and infrastructure worth millions to put immense pressure on the state authorities to kneel before their irrational demands. This heinous crime against humanity has halted many countries’ progress and jeopardized their peace, prosperity, and stability. For instance, events like the Twin Towers 2001, Mumbai Attacks 2008, and Army Public School 2016 jolted states’ security apparatus and psychologically made the public suffer. Unfortunately, the world has witnessed the brunt of terrorism, and Pakistan is the only country still reeling to combat the menace. As a result, the country has seen unprecedented bloodshed in the past two decades. According to Inter-Services Press Release (ISPR), more than 75000 lives have been claimed by terrorism, of which 65000 were civilians and 10000 were armed personnel. Undoubtedly, it has affected every socio-political and economic fabric of the country; however, the root of the problems lies in the state and society: lousy governance, racial and ethnic disparities, religious schism and intolerance. In fact, the ongoing dismal affairs have ignited a diverse range of issues, such as widening engulf among masses, convulsing conducive business environment, increasing unemployment and, above all, the issue of Afghan refugees. In fact, despite its complex nature, it is not impossible to be eradicated. A sincere and ambitious effort to root out terrorism is a need of the hour. Without any second thought, there is a need to review the education system as a whole, introduce structural changes, and make a compatible parallel system of madaris and private schools with the public sector. Further, accommodating youth, easing the doing of business for locals and foreigners, working to ensure parity among masses, developing a micro to macro-level consensus, and empowering state machinery to ensure state reach further are some immediate measures to curb the menace.

At present, terrorism is again around the corner. Despite a crackdown previously by security agencies, the terrorists who flee to Afghan soil are once again started pursuing their anti-state agenda in Pakistan. With empathy, the country has been up against several issues, such as political turmoil, economic slope, and the resurging terrorist activities tearing the country apart.  According to the South Asia Terrorism Portal, Pakistan witnessed 319 terrorism-related incidents in 2022 and 169 associated deaths of civilians. Undoubtedly, except for 2020, the average attacks in the country scored 160. Further, a holistic look at the year 2022 provides a speedy rise in terrorist attacks.  In fact, the much-celebrated victory of the Taliban government in its western neighbour, Afghanistan, proved more lethal for Pakistan, evident from recent cross-border firing incidents. Furthermore, after the US withdrawal, the Afghan front’s situation has worsened, and terrorists manoeuvre along the border more freely; as a result, the country has started facing another blow of terrorism.  According to the Pak Institute of Peace Studies, a local think tank, as many as 433 people were killed and 179 injured in 250 attacks in Pakistan between August 15, 2021, and August 14, 2022. Meticulously, the burgeoning bulk of the crisis might engulf Pakistan.  The country has been fighting on many fronts, including environmental, security, and socio-political issues. Every problem has its solution; the state can nip it in the bud by mobilizing its resources, as it did after the Army Public School attack in 2016. But, keeping in mind that the previous mistakes would not repeat. 

The genesis of the problem lies in socio-political and economic fault lines, which widen the aperture. There are a number of causes. In Pakistan, since its inception, the unequal distribution of wealth, racial discrimination, and unequal opportunities has widened the gap between rich and poor. Due to such inadequate treatment, poverty has multiplied tens of times after independence.  In a recent report published by the World Bank, the country, for the fiscal year 2020-21, is 78.4%, using an upper-middle poverty rate of US$ 5.5 per day.  Poverty deeply affects a person’s thinking capability, and he becomes unidirectional. In addition, the growing bomb population has started putting pressure on state resources. As a result, more than half of the youth are unemployed, and these demoralized young souls are more prone to terrorist ideologies. Next, the evil political and religious leaders corrupt practices are also one of the main factors behind increasing poverty and lack of jobs.  As Nelson Mandela rightly said: “Poverty is not an accident, like slavery and apartheid. It is manufactured and can be removed by the actions of human beings.”  In short, poverty knows no religion or humanity, so the poor and unemployed become more radicalized and know no right and wrong to earn their livelihood. For them, the only good is how to have a meal, so they start spreading terror to fulfil their wishes.

Preceding one of the appealing causes behind terrorism is a misinterpretation of religion. Not just a misunderstanding but also a rigid interpretation that has marred the universality of Islam. They are provoking inter-religion and intra-religion divides, which gives an impetus for terrorism. This makes society more vulnerable, and terrorists find it favourable. Indeed, they easily manipulate people by offering different perks to a person’s family and ensuring him of Paradise hereafter by reminding God’s promise. Nevertheless, with fewer ulemas and more mullahs, Mullah’s emphasis on struggle with the sword nurtures violent behaviour; also, they connote the sole reason behind Muslims’ miserable condition of the American People. After brainwashing, an individual’s tolerance level and sense of perceiving things drastically change. As a result, he considers people other than in-group enemies to him, society, and Islam. Therefore, he does not hesitate to kill himself, such as in suicide bombings. To understand fully, the Sunni-Shia riots in Pakistan are good to consider; in the 1980s, there was a norm to kill one another. In a critical diagnosis, the Muslim nations have waged war against each other based on religious differences and Saudi-Iran rivalry. On the contrary, Islam talks about universality and pluralist society. Conclusively, one of the strides behind terrorists’ sways is rigid and misinterpreting religion.

Going down the ladder, one of the striking causes behind terrorism is sectarian and ethnic differences. The divide between Balochi, Punjabi, Sindhi, and Mohajir has further aggravated the situation, and stunted the country’s growth. In short, minority and majority anathema and these differences ultimately provide ground for terrorism nurturing.  For instance, the Mutahida Quami Movement activities in Karachi, terrorist groups in Swat, and the Federal Administrative Tribal Area (FATA0, now part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), are pertinent to mention here . Indeed, ethnically motivated terrorism has its reasons. On the contrary, the sectarian division also unwelcomed dissent opinions, imbibing feelings of hate. Nonetheless, the ethnic and sectarian splits have radicalized society and started nurturing terrorist ideology. As of this, terrorist groups are growing in size and quantity. 

Further, to talk about any issue in South Asia and the Middle East, the role of international and regional players is of great concern. In devoid of it, one cannot fully comprehend the reasons behind the problem.  The United States (US) and its ally’s invasion of Iraq to carry its nefarious attacks resulted in Muslim hatred towards the West.  Geographical compulsion was the reason Pakistan became a forefront ally of the US War on Terror after 9/11. Reluctantly, the country’s leadership found itself helpless in front of the United States’ immense pressure. Moreover, the war in the western neighbour provided momentum for different proxies. Rationally, the terrorism was a reaction against western proxies, which cost Pakistan more than the devil itself. Despite bearing many losses, the populous opinion in the US always censures the country’s efforts. The role of international players is not confined to the US role only but also the role of India, Israel, and other Eurasian Nations, which tried to destabilize Pakistan internally and isolate it internationally. In fact, the state and non-state actors started funding internal insurgent groups, eroding statehood sinews. One of the prime objects behind these fundings and proxies was Pakistan’s nuclear disarmament. In furtherance of their prime object, India and Israel started campaigning to stigmatize, prohibit, and eliminate nuclear weapons in Pakistan by creating propaganda they might end up in the hands of non-state actors, terrorists or Islamic radicals. Hence, the countries having vested interest promote terrorism in the country.

Last but not least, the other culprits behind terrorism are the executive’s role and Afghan refugees. The executive has failed to maintain the law. In comparison, the judicial system also has near to collapse. The erroneous irregularities in procedure and corruption have allowed law-breakers to flee, bypassing the system. The criminals know how to manage the police or judiciary.  As Adam Smith rightly said, “The mercy to the guilty is cruelty to the innocent.”  Therefore, when people lost hope, they decided to take the law into their hands. On the contrary, the state has failed to accommodate Afghan refugees. The burden of internally displaced persons (IDPs) was not enough that the government opened its borders to Afghan refugees on humanitarian grounds. The IDPs left their homes, business, and belongings but are now at the state’s mercy. The drone attacks were counter-productive and killed many civilians. The relatives of those families stand against the state, and some join terrorists. Injudicious and unpopular decisions of the government have raised some issues. In short, the above causes contributed to fanning the flames of terrorism, raising some challenges for Pakistan.

First, the rising rift between national-provincial and provincial-provincial is of great concern. The burgeoning issue has waged a war of mudslinging on one another.  For instance, the Karabagh dam issue, a much-advocated project to meet water and energy viability, is a result of the split . The national-provincial dissent on a number of losses and inadequate compensation has divided the house so that separation voices are now heard from different sections and parts of the country. However, Pakistan has not forgotten the secession of East Pakistan. Indeed, a house divided against itself cannot stand. Therefore, the country must develop a consensus by putting aside its trivial issue to eliminate terrorism from its soil. Otherwise, the dingy state of affairs annihilates the country. Nevertheless, the gap between person to person has started widening. Political polarization is also an outcome of growing differences. Second, a death blow to the economy.  According to official estimates, Pakistan has lost precious lives and infrastructure and suffered a loss of around $ 35-40 billion since 2001. Due to the ongoing war on terror, the country’s economy still suffers $6 billion in export losses annually.  The clouds of fear and uncertainty have devastated the country’s business outlook. Owing to such far reaching impacts and future implications, the business sector is on the verge of collapse, and foreign direct investment has touched a record low, thus, further breaking the back of the poor and deprived masses. If the division and fear kept increasing, it would be more feasible for terrorists to carry on their agenda.                        

                 Third, the issue of security has overpowered all other concerns of the state. The major chunk of the budget goes for security build-up, which has made Pakistan lag behind other nations in terms of social indicators. Specifically,  the country has repaired particular walls of official buildings and installed fences around them. Further, the government has increased security in different public places.  In short, the government has to spend public money on bullets and tanks, which, thus, shifted the state’s focus from other works of public welfare, such as human capital development. Conclusively, security-related issues have overshadowed the country’s other concerns today. On similar lines, fourth, the unfettered growth of the population has further aggrandized the state’s agony. In particular, the youth, forming the majority of the population, is left on its own.  As a World Bank report suggests, Pakistan’s youth unemployment rate for 2021 was 9.42%, a 0.2% increase from the preceding year.  As a result, the demoralized youth without any purpose has become prey to terrorist ideals. Further, if the state would not accommodate youth and streamline their potential, they might become a weapon of terrorism, such as suicide bombers. Critically, if Pakistan wants to cherish its dream of becoming the tiger of South Asia, it needs to employ more than half the population, which is constituted by its youth. In short, these issues have hampered the state’s socio-economic growth and provided a stimulus for terrorism.

                Next to it, fifth is the issue of relocating Internally Displaced People (IDPs) and Afghan refugees. Retrospectively, many people vacated their homes to facilitate law enforcement agencies.  In this regard, Pakistan’s Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC) report unveils the number of total displaced persons. IDMC’s report shows around 70,000 displacements were recorded in 2021, mainly triggered by terrorism and disasters. Ostensibly, the government has sat on the fence to seek the issue, and people who came as frontline solider to sacrifice their hard-earned money, in particular homes, are struck by thunder that government is unable to alleviate their miseries. Certainly, the issue calls for an early solution. Otherwise, like terrorists, these people may follow the path of insurgents. Similarly, the issue of Afghan refugees, a looming sword of threat on our necks, has always stabbed in our back. In a joint report, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Government of Pakistan verified that 1.3 million Afghan refugees live today in Pakistan.  Morally, giving them a piece of land to reside on humanitarian grounds was idealistic, without thinking of future liability. However, they have become such a liability that the state wants to drive them out. On the contrary, the refugees blame Pakistani that they are the sole reason behind the turmoil. Therefore, due to international pressure, the country has tried to alleviate IDPs and Afghan refugees to achieve perpetual peace for generations. Indeed, both issues have stunted the country’s socio-political and economic growth.

          Last but not least, the people started moving towards safe places and even started residing abroad in quest of peace. When people’s basic rights, such as life, liberty, and property, are under constant attack, no one finds the country a place to abode. So, Pakistan’s intellectual and skillful labor has left the country, further distancing the country’s dream of achieving prosperity. Brain drain has become a grave issue for Pakistan.  In a recent Gallop Survey, 7,50,000 people left the country for better life and opportunities abroad.  Brain drain harms sending regions, such as reduced human capital, limited capacity to innovate, reduced economic growth, demographic shifts, and a higher cost of public goods. The issues, mainly, are knitted with terrorism. Precisely, terrorism has penetrated fear in all sectors of the country, instigated significant unrest, hampered social mobility, and robbed the future of million. Pakistan is up to several challenges because of terrorism. 

           After the diagnosis, one calls for an effective treatment. The cancerous disease of terrorism has jeopardized the state’s health, but, for sure, it is a curable disease. To cure, the state needs to adopt some pragmatic measures in the right direction at the right time. Some of the measures are following, which can eradicate the disease. First, improvement in the education sector can root out the problem of terrorism. The government should mitigate the gap between private-public schools, missionary schools, and madrassas.  As per assertions of a recent report by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Pakistan has the world’s second-highest number of out-of-school children, counting 22.8 million children between the ages of 5 and 16, representing 44 per cent of children not attending schools.  For sure, it is a dreadful situation. Illiterate ones can easily be exploited. Hence, an outdated syllabus and effective policy to enroll the maximum number of kids in school should be the state’s priority. Then, an ambitious effort, teachers must pursue to teach tolerance, patience, and hate against violence to root out the problem permanently.

           Second, there is a need to create a conducive business environment. A much-needed effort to uplift local industry by introducing structural adjustments via a public-private partnership. Meanwhile, measures should be adopted to gain foreign enterprises’ confidence so that they can pour FDI. By creating such a feasible environment, the unemployed millions can have jobs and help eradicate poverty. If the measures are taken judiciously, it will help the country to portray itself as an emerging economy. Next to it fourth, the country needs to galvanize society and weave it into a single entity by rooting out all ethnic and sectarian conflicts. To do so, the country must ban hate material, register religious and local bodies, enact new laws, and provide equal opportunities to all, ensuring their growth and popularity. Anti-Terrorism in this regard was also a great achievement, but the vague interpretation of it further fueled the fire of sectarian conflicts. So, a commitment by state, province, local bodies, and religious schools to adopt tolerance and accept dissent can help eradicate the monster of terrorism, as a myopic mindset often promotes violence.

            On the same footing, five pragmatic and far-sighted policies by the government can extirpate terrorism from Pakistan. First, Pakistan is bleeding because of ill-advised policies. Therefore, a road map adopted with the consent of all stakeholders can be a step forward to combat the menace. Further, a campaign to reach people regarding the evils of terrorism and take them in confidence can help implement policies and provide public support as the state has not had enough resources, so public involvement is a need of the hour. In this regard, Media can help promote anti-terrorist agenda to vitiate them from our soil. Media can highlight the dangers of terrorism and provide public pain-relieving news in time without sensitizing other propaganda. Meticulously, these steps help counter terrorist ideologies prevailing in society. Finally, the state needs to implement rule of law and other anti-terrorism laws, so culprits should be punished within due time. Even the speedy trials and separate courts for terrorists help root out terrorism. The Anti-Terrorism Courts (ATC) was a great development. However, the lack of security to judge derailed the process. So, the state needs to enforce its writ to far-flung areas and provide security to the functionaries, which helps punish criminals in time, resulting in deterrence. Conclusively, deterrence can help people fear the wrath of the state and a strong state writ. After that, terrorists find no place to hide and no mercy. As a result, peace will be ensured.

             In a critical diagnosis, the issue of terrorism has overshadowed all other concerns Pakistan faces today. The devil has engulfed the country’s peace and prosperity, leaving it in a swamp of destruction. However, the state has the potential to close the devil in the bottle. Terrorism has created innumerable losses and fright that people still fear taking a breath in the fresh air. Indeed, things take time to settle; the state has once achieved victory against the devil. But, lack of farsightedness and too early celebrations have brought it back. Now, it is time to learn from past mistakes and monitor the cross-border flow of people. Moreover, Pakistan has neglected the costs of its porous borders on both the eastern and western borders. If the state needs to immune itself from terrorism, the state and global leaders must take a hard stance against the countries providing a safe haven to terrorists. Otherwise, the elusive dream of the world to achieve perpetual peace and peaceful co-existence with diverse nations can never be achieved. 

            To encapsulate the whole debate, terrorism has wreaked havoc in every sphere of life. The right to freely move, live and have a family is under constant threat because of terrorism. Pakistan has paid the price and still paying for it. Many factors have promoted terrorism in Pakistan, such as poverty, unemployment, racial and religious split, and misinterpretation of Islam. The far-reaching impacts are visible in the country’s social, political, and economic domains. According to official estimates, Pakistan has lost precious lives and infrastructure and suffered a loss of around $ 35-40 billion since 2001. Due to the ongoing war on terror, the country’s economy still suffers $6 billion in export losses annually. In addition, the figures, painting a gloomy picture of the state outlook, are appealing in every sphere, such as social indicators have touched the lowest of all time. Nevertheless, if taken timely, pragmatic measures can help Pakistan not only expatriate terrorism but also achieve unsurpassable growth. Judicious and prudent analysis highlights that Pakistan alone cannot combat the global menace single-handedly. A much-contested and collective effort is needed at regional and global levels to get rid of the devil for now and for times to come. 

About the essay writer

Usama Nawaz  is a student of Sir  Syed Kazim Ali . He is a young writer and legal advisor. He writes on a diverse range of issues: contemporary social, political, economic, and environmental, with which the world has struggled. Further, he has done Llb (Hons) from the University of Punjab, Pakistan. Moreover, he has worked as an Associate in different firms such as Asma Jahangir Law Firm. Moreover, he writes to raise his voice against human rights abuses and pens his thoughts on various topics: opinions, blogs, and issues. Besides, he has done different internships, volunteered in different organisations, and unconditionally helped others. Now, he is learning writing communication skills to give his thoughts words under Mr Kazim’s mentorship. Lastly, he is a thorough gentleman preparing for competitive exams to pursue his dream of serving the Nation.

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Khurram Ahmad

European Foundation for South Asian Studies (EFSAS)

Pakistan has been known for it perennial support of the Taliban in Afghanistan and other terrorist organizations in Indian Administered Jammu & Kashmir. The country has become a victim of its own holy war as a consequence of the ‘unholy alliance’ between the Inter Intelligence Services (ISI), Pakistan’s powerful intelligence agency, military and self-styled religious scholars. This historic alliance has resulted in colossal rise of radical Islam being a factor in the country’s proclivity to Islamic fundamentalism. There is urgent need that the people of Pakistan, its politicians, and the powerful Army stand on the same side in the fight against terrorism and set clear priorities.

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The emerging trends of terrorism in Asia have in the recent past challenged the conventional wisdom that dictated and defined violence by non-state actors. This, as the chapters in this volume suggest, is illustrated by its distinct characteristics, forcing the world at large to grapple with these threats, including volunteers from countries that had remained isolated from the contagion until now. Various facets of the challenge from the Islamic State (IS) and the unfolding contours of terrorism in Asia, have been analysed and written about in the past. Most of the perspectives have, however, been Western, with a sprinkling of Asian views. The present volume is a modest attempt to join the discourse on Asian terrorism from an Indian perspective. It is hoped that these essays will enliven and enrich the debate on the challenge of terrorism in Asia that is increasingly threatening peace and stability as well as values and ideals. The volume has been organised in four sections. The first deals with the ideological and technological aspects as well as the , funding, communication and weapons of the IS and other terror groupings. The remaining three sections focus on West and Central Asia, South Asia, as well as China and Southeast Asia.

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A series of developments — some new but mostly the legacy of more than a decade of terrorism and extremism and the fight against the same — warrants a re-write of the nature of the threat that the world faces today. These developments include the withdrawal of U.S.-led coalition forces from Iraq in 2011 and drawdown from Afghanistan in 2014, the Arab Spring fallout in the Middle East, and the flow of fighters in thousands from all over the world to Iraq and Syria, among others. At the heart of these developments is the declaration of the establishment of a so-called Islamic Caliphate by the Islamic State of Iraq and Greater Syria (ISIS) (known as Ad Dawlah al Islamiyya fil Iraq wa ash Sham/Daesh in Arabic). More specifically, post-Arab Spring political chaos and instability in the Middle East have enabled fledging, mostly marginalised, groups to reorganise and pose threats to the security and stability of the world. While old actors such as Al Qaeda (‘The Base’) and its affiliates, including the Jabhat al Nusra (JN or ‘Support Front for the People’, also known as Al Nusra Front) are struggling to retain their prominence, new players, like ISIS, are competing for supremacy and legitimacy in the global jihadist arena. This has polarised radical and violent Muslim groups and individuals worldwide — particularly in Asia, Africa, the Caucasus, and the Middle East. While some have pledged allegiance to ISIS, others remain loyal to Al Qaeda. At the same time, the sectarian divide within the Muslim world has hardened significantly, leading to increasing levels of violence in many countries.

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In the first half of 2016, the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS) dominated the global threat landscape by mounting attacks in North America, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus and Asia. At the forefront was IS’ spokesperson, Abu Mohammed al-Adnani, who directed and inspired attacks worldwide, including those which took place during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. On 24 July 2016, a suicide bombing attack took place in the south German town of Ansbach. The attacker was a 27-year-old Syrian man who faced deportation to Bulgaria and who had detonated the device after being refused entry to a music festival. Investigations revealed that the suicide attacker had pledged allegiance to IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in a video found on his mobile phone. IS has since claimed responsibility for the attack. In May 2016, in an audio message purportedly from al-Adnani, the spokesman declared Ramadan a "month of conquest and jihad." He announced: "Make it, with God's permission, a month of pain for infidels everywhere" (Mowat 2016). The “Ramadan jihad” of IS killed at least 800, mostly Muslims, across five different continents (Drury 2016). Some of the attacks included those in Orlando (US), Nice (France), Bavaria (Germany), Istanbul (Turkey), Dhaka (Bangladesh), Kabul (Afghanistan), Mindanao (Philippines), Puchong (Malaysia), Solo (Indonesia), Medina (Saudi Arabia), Lebanon, Iraq and Syria. The spate of IS attacks were most intense during the last week of Ramadan when IS carried out an attack on Istanbul Airport, killing 45 people, detonated a truck bomb in Karrada, in Baghdad, killing 290 people, and carried out a suicide bomb attack in the vicinity of the Prophet’s mosque in the Saudi Arabian city of Medina, the second holiest site in Islam, after Makkah.

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On independence days, India’s citizens lose their freedom, as streets and marketplaces convert into highly restricted areas because of the threat of terrorism. No place in Pakistan is out of a terrorist’s reach and in Afghanistan, an assassin can kill his target anywhere anytime. By the turn of 2016, when global debate, action, and reflection about violence and counter-terrorism had shifted comprehensively to the Arab world – the old ghost of India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan – terrorism is becoming ever stronger. South Asia, especially India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, is the original homeland of a great game between superpowers, the cradle of prolonged terrorist violence, safe sanctuary and a storehouse of global terrorism. A nuclear flashpoint and nursery for countless terrorist organizations, this region has defied global might and wisdom to sustain violence and terrorist groups with surprising ease. In today’s world, international security threats are no more linked with rival nation states but originate from rogue non-state entities. While inter-state conflict and the threat of war is reducing, the threat of terrorism perpetrated by extremist groups, aided and abetted by state agencies, is increasing. During the decade and a half long history of the 21st century, no two nations go to war against each other. The theatres of war in the 21st century, like Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and Libya, are a product of extremist groups and individual’s excesses. A coalition of leading nations, the mightiest militaries across all divides, in a rare show of unity, are directing their finest weapons towards their common enemy — no more than a motley crew of fighters, with no air force or navy. Pakistan, unlike Afghanistan, is not the theatre of war, but it is precisely the region from where warriors, ideologies, and supporters are supplied to Afghanistan and elsewhere. India is at the forefront of Pakistan-sponsored terrorism and home-grown insurgencies.

Prologue The ideological imprudence and political short-sightedness of Indian leadership has never allowed it to win the hearts and minds of Kashmiris. Treating the Kashmiris with an iron fist would never complement Indian grand strategy in the region and beyond. The human sufferings in Indian-held Kashmir (IHK) would also continue to jeopardize India's self-proclaimed world shining image. The Kashmir conflict has long begun to cease as a 'mere territorial dispute' between India and Pakistan given the strategic pattern of regional and international politics in the last few decades, large-scale western influence in the region, proxy wars, dynamics of alliances and coalitions within and beyond the region, and most importantly, the rise and spread of dissident elements in IHK with strong linkages elsewhere. Becoming well aware of these socio-political dynamics, New Delhi has lately realized the futility of any solution of Kashmir issue without taking into account the diverse political aspirations of Kashmiris living in the region. What is still missing in New Delhi's policy vision, however, is her stiffness over not allowing a trilateral dialogue to break the impasse of political negotiations and finding a win-win solution on all three fronts, i.e., India, Pakistan, and Kashmir. The nature of India-Pakistan peace parleys and the strategic issues involved in them often fail to complement whatever New Delhi and Kashmiri leadership arrives at and vice versa. The peace process on Kashmir is a broad subject to be dealt with in a single study. This paper, therefore, limits itself to socio-political and military dynamics through which IHK has been passing during the past six decades, making it vulnerable to communal wrangling just like the rest of India.

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Pakistan carried out intelligence-based anti-terrorist operations in the border regions inside Afghanistan this morning.

The Foreign Office, in a statement said, target of today's operation was terrorists belonging to Hafiz Gul Bahadur Group, which along with Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, is responsible for carrying out multiple terrorist attacks inside Pakistan, resulting in deaths of hundreds of civilians and law enforcement officials. The latest attack took place on Saturday last at a security post in Mir Ali in North Waziristan and claimed the lives of seven Pakistani soldiers.

 The statement further said over the past two years, Pakistan has repeatedly conveyed its serious concerns to the Interim Afghan Government over the presence of terror outfits including TTP inside Afghanistan. These terrorists pose a grave threat to Pakistan's security and have consistently used Afghan territory to launch terror attacks inside Pakistani territory.

The Foreign Office said Pakistan accords prime importance to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Afghanistan. It has, therefore, always prioritized dialogue and cooperation to confront the terrorist threat.

The statement said Islamabad has repeatedly urged the Afghan authorities to take concrete and effective action to ensure that the Afghan soil is not used as a staging ground for terrorism against Pakistan. We have also called on them to deny safe havens to TTP and to hand over its leadership to Pakistan.

The Foreign Office made it clear that Pakistan has great respect for the people of Afghanistan. However, certain elements among those in power in Afghanistan are actively patronizing TTP and using them as a proxy against Pakistan. Such an approach against a brotherly country, which stood with the people of Afghanistan through thick and thin, manifests shortsightedness. It ignores the support extended by Pakistan to the people of Afghanistan over the last several decades. We urge these elements in power to rethink the policy of siding with Khwarij terrorists shedding the blood of innocent Pakistanis and to make a clear choice to stand with the people of Pakistan.

The Foreign Office said terrorist groups like TTP are a collective threat to regional peace and security. It said Pakistan fully realizes the challenge Afghan authorities face in combating the threat posed by TTP.  Pakistan would therefore continue to work towards finding joint solutions in countering terrorism and to prevent any terrorist organization from sabotaging bilateral relations with Afghanistan.

Essay on Terrorism in Pakistan with Quotations | Kips Notes

Terrorism in pakistan essay with quotations for 2nd year, fsc, class 12 and graduation.

Here is an essay on Terrorism in Pakistan with Quotes for 2nd-year students. This Terrorism Essay in Pakistan is very good for the students of FSc, 2nd Year and Graduation. Students can write the same essay under the title, Essay on Terrorism, Terrorism Essay, Essay on Terrorism in Pakistan and Terrorism in Pakistan Essay. You can find more essay by going to the category of English Essays .

Essay on Terrorism in Pakistan with Quotes for 2nd Year | FSc

“The cries of pain are there and pain understood.”

Terrorism is the use of threats of violence to produce fear in people and weaken their resistance. Common acts of terrorism include airplane hijacking, assassination, bombing, kidnapping and murder. Political terrorism is used to gain or keep power. Terrorism is also a form of surrogate warfare. It is a very cheap way to fight without actually going to war.

Terrorism in the United States rocked the world. On Sep 11, when two U.S. planes crashed into the World Trade Centre in New York. The terrorists were killed along with hundreds of passengers and thousands of innocent people in the building. The massive loss of lives made the entire world stand against terrorism.

Terrorist organizations usually work against governments. The government buildings and public places like railway stations, airports, trade centers etc. are targeted with bombs and other destructive weapons. The aim of terrorists is to create harassment and panic. As a result, public demonstrations begin and the entire set-up of the country is disturbed. Business affairs come to a standstill and the economy of the country is affected very badly.

There are different causes of terrorism. The Kashmiris in Kashmir are engaged in a holy war of their freedom against the Indian soldiers and the state terrorism.

“Ashamed is the humanity of the wounds given by thee.”

The Sikhs in India have been committing acts of terrorism to win freedom from India. The Irish people of North Ireland have been terrorizing the British government to gain their independence. The Palestinians in Palestine are fighting against Israeli state terrorism. The chief cause of terrorism is injustice and persecution of the down-trodden people. The wrong policies of certain governments also lead to terrorist activities.

Another weapon of terrorists is to kidnap big guns. The planes are hijacked for the release of the terrorist leaders and other prisoners. The lives of the passengers are put in danger and the governments come into action immediately.

It is better to understand a little than to misunderstand a lot. (Anatole France)

The results of the recent waves of terrorism have opened the eyes of the United Nations. The entire world is against terrorism. The United States has taken extreme steps and declared Al-Qaida organization responsible for terrorism in the U.S. The U.S planes bombed terrorist centers in Afghanistan and inflicted untold losses to the innocent people of Afghanistan. Their main target was Osama-bin-Laden. The countries of the world joined hands with the United States to war against terrorism. Pakistan also helped the United Nations in the war against terrorism.

If we like them, they’re freedom fighters…. If we don’t like them, they’re terrorists. (Carl Sagan)

Terrorism in Pakistan is on the rise. Suicide bomb blasts have terrified the entire nation. Many innocent people lose their lives. It has shattered the economy and disrupted the peace process. The Pro-American policies of the government have led chaos everywhere. Americans have been killing the Muslims everywhere in the world since September 11.

Terrorist activities may come to an end if the grievances of the victimized people all over the world are alleviated. The cruelty against the weak must be stopped to solve the disputes fairly.

Anti-terrorist forces may be established to fight against terrorism in the country. The illegal flow of arms and money from abroad must be uprooted to eradicate terrorism.

“Trampled and divested is humanity by thy brutality and injustice.”

You may also like Essay on How to Combat Terrorism .

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