essay about magna carta in the philippines

Empowering Women Through the Magna Carta: A Closer Look at the Philippines' Gender Equality Law

• Last updated: 13 June 2023 16:45
• Created: 17 November 2018 15:24

The Magna Carta of Women or the Republic Act 9710 is a landmark law in the Philippines that aims to promote the empowerment and rights of women. It was signed into law on August 14, 2009, and serves as a comprehensive legislation that recognizes the unequal status of women in the country and seeks to address various forms of discrimination and violence that they face.

History of the Law

The Magna Carta of Women was a result of years of advocacy and lobbying by various women's groups in the Philippines. It is also a response to international commitments that the Philippine government has made to promote gender equality and women's rights. The law was enacted during the presidency of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, and was a major milestone in the country's efforts to promote gender equality.

Key Provisions of the Law

The Magna Carta of Women has several key provisions that aim to promote gender equality and women's empowerment. These include the elimination of discrimination against women in all aspects of life, promotion of women's political participation and representation, provision of equal opportunities for women in education, training, and employment, protection of women from violence, and recognition of women's rights in marriage and family relations.

Addressing Discrimination Against Women

One of the primary goals of the Magna Carta of Women is to eliminate discrimination against women in all aspects of life. This includes addressing gender stereotypes and biases that prevent women from participating in various fields, such as politics, business, and the arts. The law also promotes women's political participation and representation, both in elective and appointive positions.

Protecting Women from Violence

The Magna Carta of Women also seeks to protect women from violence, including sexual harassment, exploitation, and trafficking. The law provides support and assistance for victims of violence against women, and mandates government agencies to implement programs and initiatives that address the specific needs of women who are victims of violence.

Recognizing Women's Rights in Marriage and Family Relations

The Magna Carta of Women recognizes the rights of women in marriage and family relations, including the right to choose their own spouse and the right to inherit property. The law also promotes women's reproductive health and rights, and ensures that women have access to comprehensive health services and information.

Implementation of the Magna Carta of Women

Several government agencies are mandated to ensure the promotion of gender equality and the implementation of the Magna Carta of Women. Various programs and initiatives have been created to empower women, such as the Gender and Development (GAD) budget policy, which mandates government agencies to allocate a certain percentage of their budget to programs that promote gender equality. However, there are still challenges in the implementation of the law, such as inadequate resources and cultural barriers.

Impact of the Magna Carta of Women on Women's Empowerment

The Magna Carta of Women has had a positive impact on women's rights and empowerment in the Philippines. For example, more women are now participating in politics and business, and more women are aware of their rights and how to assert them. However, there are still areas for improvement and further action, such as addressing cultural barriers that prevent women from fully participating in society.

The Magna Carta of Women is a significant law that promotes gender equality and women's empowerment in the Philippines. It recognizes the unequal status of women in the country and seeks to address the various forms of discrimination and violence that they face. While there have been successes in the implementation of the law, there are still challenges and areas for improvement. It is important for all stakeholders to continue to support the law and its implementation, and to work towards a more equal and just society for all.

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Republic of the Philippines Philippine Commission on Women

Faq: republic act 9710 or the magna carta of women.

Republic Act 9710 or the Magna Carta of Women

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Magna Carta of Women (Republic Act No. 9710)?

The Magna Carta of Women (MCW) is a comprehensive women’s human rights law that seeks to eliminate discrimination through the recognition, protection, fulfillment, and promotion of the rights of Filipino women, especially those belonging to the marginalized sectors of society.

 It is the local translation of the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women’s (CEDAW) , particularly in defining gender discrimination, state obligations, substantive equality, and temporary special measures. It also recognizes human rights guaranteed by the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).

Why is this law entitled the Magna Carta of Women and not Magna Carta for Women?

In the process of national consultation during the 13th Congress, it was decided to rename the bill to Magna Carta of Women to highlight women’s participation and ownership of the bill.

What is discrimination against women? 

The Magna Carta of Women defines discrimination against women as: 

• any gender-based distinction, exclusion, or restriction which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field; 
• any act or omission, including by law, policy, administrative measure, or practice, that directly or indirectly excludes or restricts women in the recognition and promotion of their rights and their access to and enjoyment of opportunities, benefits, or privileges; 
• a measure or practice of general application that fails to provide for mechanisms to offset or address sex or gender-based disadvantages or limitations of women, as a result of which women are denied or restricted in the recognition and protection of their rights and in their access to and enjoyment of opportunities, benefits, or privileges; or women, more than men are shown to have suffered the greater adverse effects of those measures or practices; and 
• discrimination compounded by or intersecting with other grounds, status, or condition, such as ethnicity, age, poverty, or religion.

What are the rights of women guaranteed under the Magna Carta of Women ? 

All rights in the Philippine Constitution and those rights recognized under international instruments duly signed and ratified by the Philippines, in consonance with Philippine laws shall be rights of women under the Magna Carta of Women . These rights shall be enjoyed without discrimination since the law prohibits discrimination against women, whether done by public and private entities or individuals. 

The Magna Carta of Women also spells out every woman’s right to: 

• Protection from all forms of violence, including those committed by the State. This includes the incremental increase in the recruitment and training of women in government services that cater to women victims of gender-related offenses. It also ensures mandatory training on human rights and gender sensitivity to all government personnel involved in the protection and defense of women against gender-based violence, and mandates local government units to establish a Violence Against Women Desk in every barangay to address violence against women cases; 
• Protection and security in times of disaster, calamities and other crisis situations, especially in all phases of relief, recovery, rehabilitation and construction efforts, including protection from sexual exploitation and other sexual and gender-based violence. 
• Participation and representation, including undertaking temporary special measures and affirmative actions to accelerate and ensure women’s equitable participation and representation in the third level civil service, development councils and planning bodies, as well as political parties and international bodies, including the private sector. 
• Equal treatment before the law, including the State’s review and when necessary amendment or repeal of existing laws that are discriminatory to women; 
• Equal access and elimination of discrimination against women in education, scholarships and training. This includes revising educational materials and curricula to remove gender stereotypes and images, and outlawing the expulsion, non-readmission, prohibiting enrollment and other related discrimination against women students and faculty due to pregnancy outside of marriage; 
• Equal participation in sports. This includes measures to ensure that gender-based discrimination in competitive and non-competitive sports is removed so that women and girls can benefit from sports development; 
• Non-discrimination in employment in the field of military, police and other similar services. This includes the same promotional privileges and opportunities as their men counterpart, including pay increases, additional benefits, and awards, based on competency and quality of performance. The dignity of women in the military, police and other similar services shall always be respected, they shall be accorded with the same capacity as men to act in and enter into contracts, including marriage, as well as be entitled to leave benefits for women such as maternity leave, as provided for in existing laws; 
• Non-discriminatory and non-derogatory portrayal of women in media and film to raise the consciousness of the general public in recognizing the dignity of women and the role and contribution of women in family, community, and the society through the strategic use of mass media; 
• Comprehensive health services and health information and education covering all stages of a woman’s life cycle, and which addresses the major causes of women’s mortality and morbidity, including access to among others, maternal care, responsible, ethical, legal, safe and effective methods of family planning, and encouraging healthy lifestyle activities to prevent diseases; 
• Leave benefits of two (2) months with full pay based on gross monthly compensation, for women employees who undergo surgery caused by gynecological disorders, provided that they have rendered continuous aggregate employment service of at least six (6) months for the last twelve (12) months ; 
• Equal rights in all matters relating to marriage and family relations. The State shall ensure the same rights of women and men to: enter into and leave marriages, freely choose a spouse, decide on the number and spacing of their children, enjoy personal rights including the choice of a profession, own, acquire, and administer their property, and acquire, change, or retain their nationality. It also states that the betrothal and marriage of a child shall have no legal effect.

The Magna Carta of Women also guarantees the civil, political and economic rights of women in the marginalized sectors, particularly their right to:

• Food security and resources for food production, including equal rights in the titling of the land and issuance of stewardship contracts and patents; 
• Localized, accessible, secure and affordable housing; 
• Employment, livelihood, credit, capital and technology; 
• Skills training, scholarships, especially in research and development aimed towards women friendly farm technology; 
• Representation and participation in policy-making or decisionmaking bodies in the regional, national, and international levels; 
• Access to information regarding policies on women, including programs, projects and funding outlays that affect them; • Social protection; 
• Recognition and preservation of cultural identity and integrity provided that these cultural systems and practices are not discriminatory to women; 
• Inclusion in discussions on peace and development; 
• Services and interventions for women in especially difficult circumstances or WEDC;
• Protection of girl-children against all forms of discrimination in education, health and nutrition, and skills development; and 
• Protection of women senior citizens. 

The Magna Carta of Women defines the marginalized sectors as those who belong to the basic, disadvantaged, or vulnerable groups who are mostly living in poverty and have little or no access to land and other resources, basic social and economic services such as health care, education, water and sanitation, employment and livelihood opportunities, housing security, physical infrastructure and the justice system. These include, but are not limited to women in the following sectors or groups: Small farmers and rural workers, Fisherfolk, Urban poor, Workers in the formal economy, Workers in the informal economy, Migrant workers, Indigenous Peoples, Moro, Children, Senior citizens, Persons with disabilities, and Solo parents.

How can Filipino women living abroad benefit from this law? 

Statistics show that more and more Filipino women are migrating for overseas employment. In many places, women migrant workers have limited legal protections or access to information about their rights, rendering them vulnerable to gender-specific discrimination, exploitation and abuse. 

Section 37 of the Magna Carta of Women mandates the designation of a gender focal point in the consular section of Philippine embassies or consulates. The said officer who shall be trained on Gender and Development shall be primarily responsible in handling gender concerns of women migrant workers, especially those in distress. Other agencies (e.g. the Department of Labor and Employment and the Department of Social Welfare and Development) are also mandated to cooperate in strengthening the Philippine foreign posts’ programs for the delivery of services to women migrant workers, consistent with the one-country team approach in Foreign Service. 

Who will be responsible for implementing the Magna Carta of Women ? 

The State, the private sector, society in general, and all individuals shall contribute to the recognition, respect and promotion of the rights of women defined and guaranteed in the Magna Carta of Women . The Philippine Government shall be the primary duty-bearer in implementing the said law. This means that all government offices, including local government units and government-owned and controlled corporations shall be responsible to implement the provisions of Magna Carta of Women that falls within their mandate, particularly those that guarantee rights of women that require specific action from the State. 

As the primary duty-bearer, the Government is tasked to: 

• refrain from discriminating against women and violating their rights; 
• protect women against discrimination and from violation of their rights by private corporations, entities, and individuals; 
• promote and fulfill the rights of women in all spheres, including their rights to substantive equality and non-discrimination. 

The Government shall fulfill these duties through the development and implementation of laws, policies, regulatory instruments, administrative guidelines, and other appropriate measures, including temporary special measures. It shall also establish mechanisms to promote the coherent and integrated implementation of the Magna Carta of Women and other related laws and policies to effectively stop discrimination against Filipino women.

What are the specific responsibilities of government under the Magna Carta of Women ? 

The Magna Carta of Women mandates all government offices, including government-owned and controlled corporations and local government units to adopt gender mainstreaming as a strategy for implementing the law and attaining its objectives. It also mandates (a) planning, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation for gender and development, (b) the creation and/or strengthening of gender and development focal points, and (c) the generation and maintenance of gender statistics and sex-disaggregated databases to aid in planning, programming and policy formulation. 

Under this law, the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women which will be renamed as the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW) shall be the overall monitoring and oversight body to ensure the implementation of the law. As an agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines, it will be the primary policy-making and coordinating body for women and gender equality concerns and shall lead in ensuring that government agencies are capacitated on the effective implementation of the Magna Carta of Women. 

Consistent with its mandate, the Commission on Human Rights shall act as the Gender and Development Ombud to ensure the promotion and protection of women’s human rights. 

The Commission on Audit shall conduct an annual audit on the government offices’ use of their gender and development budgets for the purpose of determining its judicious use and the efficiency, and effectiveness of interventions in addressing gender issues. 

Local government units are also encouraged to develop and pass a gender and development code to address the issues and concerns of women in their respective localities based on consultation with their women constituents. 

What are the penalties of violators? 

If the violation is committed by a government agency or any government office, including government-owned and controlled corporations and local government units, the person directly responsible for the violation, as well as the head of the agency or local chief executive shall be held liable under the Magna Carta of Women . The sanctions under administrative law, civil service or other appropriate laws shall be recommended by the Commission on Human Rights to the Civil Service Commission and the Department of the Interior and Local Government. 

Further, in cases where violence has been proven to be perpetrated by agents of the State, such shall be considered aggravating offenses with corresponding penalties depending on the severity of the offenses. 

If the violation is committed by a private entity or individual, the person directly responsible for the violation shall be liable to pay damages. Further, the offended party can also pursue other remedies available under the law and can invoke any of the other provisions of existing laws, especially those that protect the rights of women. 

How will the implementation of the Magna Carta of Women be funded? 

The Magna Carta of Women provides that the State agencies should utilize their gender and development budgets for programs and activities to implement its provisions. Funds necessary for the implementation of the Magna Carta of Women shall be charged against the current appropriations of the concerned agencies, and shall be included in their annual budgets for the succeeding years. The Magna Carta of Women also mandates the State to prioritize allocation of all available resources to effectively fulfill its obligations under the said law. 

Want to know more about the Magna Carta of Women (MCW) ? Visit this page .

Reference : Magna Carta of Women (Republic Act 9710), Implementing Rules and Regulations

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Thirteen years of the magna carta of women

On Aug. 14, 2009, Republic Act No. 9710 or the Magna Carta of Women was signed into law by no less than President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a female president. A law 10 years and three congresses in the making, the magna carta’s passage remains invaluable as the first sovereign guarantee that the Philippines commits itself to advancing the rights of women in the Philippines. It also operates as the local law from which the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women can be implemented.

Thirteen years hence, has the magna carta leveled the playing field for women? Or has its implementation been of face value—more fair of face than fair in the home or business space?

A textual analysis of the magna carta shows that the law guarantees the protection of women from all forms of violence, and with this, the law enforcement pillars of the Philippines have established gender or violence against women desks. Protection in times of disaster, calamities, and other crisis situations has also been a priority of the Philippine government since the passage of the magna carta. Special attention to women’s vulnerability and safety during calamities and when displaced has gone a long way in ensuring women have sufficient security in all phases of relief, recovery, and rehabilitation efforts. Participation and representation in civil service. Policy planning bodies now provide for the inclusion of women representatives.

At the heart of all of these initiatives is the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW), which leads the national gender mainstreaming strategy. In the last decade, the PCW has (1) provided capacity-building support for gender and development (GAD) programs; (2) pushed for the acceptance of more gender-responsive development assistance projects; (3) enhanced existing implementing tools and mechanisms for the development and implementation of GAD plans and programs; and (4) steered for the inclusion of gender perspective in policy planning.

However, much work remains, and in order to deepen the Philippines’ commitment to remove gender inequalities, the following systemic changes need to be made:

Philippine rape laws should be amended to remove the forgiveness clause.

The Family Code of the Philippines needs to be updated. The law’s continued grant of preference to the father or husband on consent to marriages, administration and enjoyment of community property, disagreements, and legal guardianship only serves an archaic system that no longer fits today’s more equitable households.

The criminal provisions on adultery and concubinage need to be revised.

The recent passage of RA 11210 or the Extended Maternity Leave Law and RA 11313 or the Safe Spaces Act, led also by the PCW, are laudable changes in the right direction. If the Philippines is, indeed, committed to truly eliminate discrimination, providing flexibility and security in the workplace goes a long way in ensuring that women stay and thrive in their jobs.

Perhaps, and as a guidepost on the anniversary of the magna carta, it is time to review what we can do more. We all need to convene and use this celebratory month to retrospect and introspect—to discuss with and about women more for the magna carta not to be merely aspirational, but operational.

——————

Kristine C. Francisco-Alcantara is managing partner of Abad Alcantara and Associates and program officer of PhilWEN and Oxfam’s GRAISEA Project.

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• For teachers in the kindergarten and elementary grades, Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education (B.S.E.ED.);
• For teachers of the secondary schools, Bachelor's degree in Education or its equivalent with a major and a minor; or a Bachelor's degree in Arts or Science with at least eighteen professional units in Education.
• For teachers of secondary vocational and two years technical courses, Bachelor's degree in the field of specialization with at least eighteen professional units in education;
• For teachers of courses on the collegiate level, other than vocational, master's degree with a specific area of specialization:
• the right to be informed, in writing, of the charges;
• the right to full access to the evidence in the case;
• the right to defend himself and to be defended by a representative of his choice and/or by his organization, adequate time being given to the teacher for the preparation of his defense; and
• the right to appeal to clearly designated authorities.  No publicity shall be given to any disciplinary action being taken against a teacher during the pendency of his case.
• they shall compare favorably with those paid in other occupations requiring equivalent or similar qualifications, training and abilities;
• they shall be such as to insure teachers a reasonable standard of life for themselves and their families; and
• they shall be properly graded so as to recognize the fact that certain positions require higher qualifications and greater responsibility than others: Provided, however, That the general salary scale shall be such hut the relation between the lowest and highest salary paid in the profession will be of reasonable order.  Narrowing of the salary scale shall be achieved by raising the low end of the salary scales relative to the upper end.

Philippines Must Act on Magna Carta of Women

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Why Support the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

I still remember a time hearing the chime of bells as one gets connected to the Internet. I still remember a time you could cook four strips of bacon and still wait a bit more for a file to download. I could still remember Netscape. Where in the time did Carmen Sandiego go?

Today you could surf the Web using the mobile. Contact and talk to family and friends via Facebook. Get the news, gossip and false news via Twitter. Speaking of news and opinion, today you could probably read something crafted in Washington, Tokyo, Paris and Mexico. Reading a newspaper is no longer just reading. In the past reader wanting to react a piece of news or opinion by sitting down writing letter to the editor and mailing it. Perhaps you could even call the newspaper. And still your opinion will only be seen if at the end of the day someone deems it worth publishing. Today, a reader can almost automatically write a reaction on the article/post comment track – something from blogs ( or weB logs) that can often be seen in online newspapers. And it does not stop there – and it does not stop at that a reaction can be transformed into several things online.

The Digital world has became fused to our lives. And even though there is still the great digital divide: only about 35% of the Philippine is on-line (We still have to work on closing this divide): the Internet and the Web has become an important part of Philippine Society. First , because the Internet has become the information highway of economic growth. Second , because Internet Communication Technology and Computers have became a critical part of our daily lives. And Third , for all its imperfection cyberspace is a forum for ideas and a bastion of freedom … a fortress of Democracy.

And this is why we, people from all walks of life, contributed this set of ideas, formed through words and built up to this document. A Magna Carta that extends all the rights, obligations, protection and duties between the People and its State to the Internet.

Last Monday, Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago filed the MCPIF as Senate Bill 3327. This Quest does not end there. This is just the beginning. This will take a hundred … a thousand … a million … a billion times longer than cooking four strips of bacon … But we will get there -because it is not only our present at stake but the future of our sons and daughters.

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Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom (abbreviated as MCPIF , or #MCPIF for online usage) is an internet law bill filed in the Congress of the Philippines . The bill contains provisions promoting civil and political rights and Constitutional guarantees for Philippine internet users, such as freedom of expression , as well as provisions on information and communications technology (ICT) policy, ICT4D, internet governance , e-governance , cybersecurity , cyberwarfare , cyberterrorism , and cybercrime .

The Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom was proposed as an alternative [1] to the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 whose enactment was met with mixed reactions. [2] Proponents of the bill claim that the #MCPIF is the first crowdsourced bill in the Philippines . [1]

The bill did not pass when 16th Congress went on sine die May 24, 2016. Harry Roque filed the bill as House Bill No. 0666 during the 17th Congress . [3] The bill also did not pass when the 17th Congress went on sine die on May 27, 2019. No legislator had filed the same on the 18th Congress .

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Magna Carta of Children bill progresses in Senate

The Senate committee on women, children, family relations, and gender equality finished its deliberations on the proposed Magna Carta of Children Act on Thursday.

This came after several stakeholders from the government and private organizations supported Senate Bill 2612.

In her opening statement, Senator Risa Hontiveros, chairperson of the panel, said that the time has come to enact the measure, citing the cases of child abuse in Socorro, Surigao del Norte, and those that were allegedly perpetrated by the Kingdom of Jesus Christ's leader, Apollo Quiboloy.

"While many of our children’s laws are already based on the principles of human rights, this bill is the most comprehensive and cohesive rights-based piece of legislation that provides a legal framework for recognizing, protecting, and promoting the rights of children. It codifies existing legislation and harmonizes its provisions with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child," she added.

The proposed measure focuses on children’s rights to life and survival, the right to development, the right to be protected, and the right to participate, among others.

The senator said the bill will guide government policies and programs to ensure that our children’s human rights are constantly upheld.

During the hearing, Department of Social Welfare and Development Assistant Secretary Elaine Fallarcuna proposed that the measure should include children's access to justice so they "won't be afraid to report any injustice."

Meanwhile, the Department of Labor and Employment suggested the creation of a comprehensive package of services to be provided by government agencies to eliminate child labor in the Philippines.

In March, Hontiveros, along with members of the House of Representatives, presented to the media copies of the Magna Carta of Children bill, which was filed in their respective chambers.

The authors of the counterpart measure of SB 2612 include Speaker Martin Romualdez, who earlier called on his fellow lawmakers to support its passage.

Some of the highlights of the Magna Carta of Children bill are the following:

• creation of the Philippine Commission on Children that would abolish the Council for the Welfare of Children;
• the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) to be designated as the Ombudsman for Children;
• establishment of a system of scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies, and other incentives that shall be available to deserving students in both public and private schools, especially to the underprivileged;
• no restrictions shall be placed that curtail the children’s freedom of expression, except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health;
• protection of children seeking refugee status; and
• development of a National Parenting Framework by the DSWD

— VBL, GMA Integrated News

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Gatchalian’s Labor Day call: Revise Magna Carta for Public School Teachers now

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• by Jerome Carlo Paunan
• May. 2, 2024 12:46 pm in News

MANILA, (PIA) -- Amid the celebration of Labor Day, Senator Win Gatchalian reiterates his push for the passage of the Revised Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (Senate Bill No. 2493).

“ Alalahanin natin ang dedikasyon sa trabaho ng ating mga guro. Sila ang humuhubog sa galing at kakayahan ng ating mga mag-aaral kaya itaguyod natin ang mas mataas na sahod at mas maayos na kabuhayan para sa kanila. Tiyakin din natin na nasa mabuti silang kalagayan upang ipagpatuloy ang hindi mapapantayan nilang sakripisyo ,” said Gatchalian, Chairperson of the Senate Committee on Basic Education.

(Let's remember the dedication to work of our teachers. They are the ones who shape the talents and abilities of our students, so let's promote higher wages and a better livelihood for them. Let us also ensure that they are in good condition to continue their unparalleled sacrifice.)

The proposed measure aims to introduce substantial amendments to the 57-year-old Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (Republic Act No. 4670) to uphold teachers’ welfare and provide crucial benefits, including calamity leave, educational benefits, and longevity pay. It also aims to address the conditions for granting special hardship allowance, enhances salary criteria, and protects teachers from out-of-pocket expenses.

The bill also provides that probationary teachers shall have the same or equally favorable salaries, benefits, and work conditions as entry-level teachers.

The proposed measure also reduces classroom teaching hours from six to four to improve teachers' working conditions. Teachers, however, may render up to eight hours of service when the exigencies of the service require. Those who render these additional hours are entitled to compensation equivalent to their regular remuneration plus at least 25 percent of their basic pay. The bill also allows for the temporary hiring of substitute teachers when an incumbent teacher is on leave.

Furthermore, the bill prohibits the assignment of non-teaching tasks to teachers. Gatchalian recalled that despite efforts to allow teachers to focus on teaching, the Second Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM II) flagged that public school teachers continue to be burdened by 50 non-teaching or administrative tasks. (PIA-NCR)

• #Win Gatchalian
• #Labor Day call
• #Revised Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
• #Senate Bill No. 2493
• #Teacher welfare
• #Educational benefits
• #Calamity leave
• #Longevity pay
• #Special hardship allowance
• #Salary criteria
• #Classroom teaching hours
• #Working conditions for teachers
• #Substitute teachers
• #Public school teachers' rights
• #Teacher workload
• #Second Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM II)
• #Senator Gatchalian's advocacy
• #Teacher dedication
• #Teacher contributions
• #Teacher empowerment

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Navel Gazing

John dickerson’s notebooks: the power of four numbers.

Noticing longer, gray lockboxes, a soul-crushing teacher, Georgia O’Keeffe and more are explored in this week’s audio essay from John Dickerson.

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Episode Notes

In this week’s essay, John discusses the art of attention and how to develop the skill of slow-looking.

Notebook Entries:

Notebook 75, page 8. September 2021

Notebook 1, page 54. June 1990

-        Magna carta 1215 at Salisbury

-        Girls skipping

-        The Haunch of Venison

-        Chris

References:

Georgia O’Keeffe Museum

A Little History of the World  by E.H Gombrich

Artist Jeff Koons

“ The Art of Divination: D.H. Lawrence on the Power of Pure Attention ” by Maria Popova for  The Marginalian

“ Gabfest Reads: A Woman’s Life in Museum Wall Labels ” for Political Gabfest

One Woman Show  by Christine Coulson

“ Grammy-winning artist Jason Isbell talks about the craft of songwriting and his latest music ” for CBS News

A Journey Around My Room  by Xavier De Maistre

“ Just think: The Challenges of the Disengaged Mind ” by Timothy Wilson, et.al for  Science

“ Our Rodent Selfies, Ourselves ” by Emily Anthes for the  New York Times

One Man’s Meat  by E.B. White

Podcast production by Cheyna Roth.

Email us at  [email protected]

Want to listen to Navel Gazing uninterrupted? Subscribe to Slate Plus to immediately unlock ad-free listening to Navel Gazing and all your other favorite Slate podcasts. Subscribe now on Apple Podcasts by clicking “Try Free” at the top of our show page. Or, visit  slate.com/navelgazingplus  to get access wherever you listen.

About the Show

Political Gabfest host John Dickerson has been a journalist for more than three decades, reporting about presidential campaigns, political scandals, and the evolving state of our democracy. Along the way, he’s also been recording his observations in notebooks he has carried in his back pocket. He has captured his thoughts about life, parenthood, death, friendship, writing, God, to-do lists, and more. On the Navel Gazing podcast, John Dickerson invites you to join him in figuring out what these 30 years of notebooks mean: sorting out what makes a life—or a day in a life—noteworthy.

John Dickerson is host of CBS News Prime Time With John Dickerson , co-host of the Slate Political Gabfest, host of the Whistlestop podcast, and author of The Hardest Job in the World .

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• THE SUPERVISION BLOG

Updating the Magna Carta of supervision: review of the Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision

25 April 2024

By Frank Elderson, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB and Vice-Chair of the Supervisory Board of the ECB

Supervisors from around the world have revised the Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. Supervisory Board Vice-Chair Frank Elderson explains how this will make the global banking system safer and help supervision keep pace with our rapidly changing world.

Catching up – and looking ahead

Today the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) published an updated version of its Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision , which were first published in 1997 and last updated in 2012. The Core Principles, as they are commonly known, are one of the most important sets of global supervisory standards, establishing comprehensive requirements for both supervisors and banks. They cover a wide range of supervisory powers, responsibilities and functions as well as a broad spectrum of prudential requirements and risks. The Core Principles are a playbook that governments, regulators and supervisors across the world follow when adopting and assessing their own supervisory rules and regulations. For example, many requirements in the single European rulebook can be traced back to the Core Principles. They also serve as the benchmark for the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank when assessing the effectiveness of banking supervision as part of their Financial Sector Assessment Programmes (FSAPs). FSAPs are a powerful tool for encouraging jurisdictions to improve their supervisory rules and practices in line with the global practices defined in the Core Principles. In fact, the upcoming 2024-25 FSAP of the euro area will be conducted on the basis of the revised Core Principles, which now explicitly acknowledge the existence of supranational supervisory frameworks such as the Single Supervisory Mechanism. Put simply, the Core Principles are the bedrock of effective global banking supervision. And effective, intrusive supervision is more important than ever, as the banking turmoil of March 2023 showed. [ 1 ]

The revisions to the Core Principles published today are the outcome of rich and reasoned discussions among BCBS members and supervisors from jurisdictions across the world, with input from a wide-reaching public consultation. The revisions reflect the lessons learnt over the past decade and take stock of the structural changes that are reshaping the banking system. Three new topics have been explicitly included in the Core Principles: (i) operational resilience, (ii) business model sustainability, and (iii) climate-related financial risks. Their inclusion is proof that there is a global consensus on the relevance of these risks, and broad agreement on the need for action. As these issues are also relevant for European banks, we identified them as supervisory priorities for 2023-25 and have already made great strides in incorporating them into our supervisory rules and practices.

Bolstering operational resilience

Since the Core Principles were last updated more than a decade ago, supervisors have started paying much closer attention to operational resilience. Given the tumultuous events of recent years, we now place greater focus on banks’ ability to withstand pandemics, cyber incidents, technology failures and natural disasters. In this context, the principle on operational risk has been comprehensively strengthened to explicitly cover operational resilience as well. It now includes enhanced requirements covering a wide range of topics, from governance and business continuity planning to third-party dependency management. These revisions are very much in line with the ECB’s own supervisory initiatives in this area. They will make banks around the world more resilient to operational threats, which are unlikely to fade in the future.

Future-proofing bank business models

In today’s macroeconomic landscape, banks cannot afford to rely on weak business models. Making sure banks adopt sound and forward-looking business strategies that allow them to generate sustainable returns over time has been an important part of the ECB’s supervisory focus over the past few years, against a backdrop of low profitability and the challenges posed by the digital transition. The concept of business model sustainability was missing from the previous version of the Core Principles. The revised Core Principles affirm that the assessment of business model sustainability is a key component of effective supervision. Banks will need to implement appropriate internal processes to ensure the sustainability of their business models. Tougher scrutiny of bank business models will help future-proof the banking sector in an uncertain world.

New risk on the block: climate-related financial risks

Last but not least, I welcome the revisions related to climate-related financial risks. Over the past decade, the magnitude, urgency, non-linearity and irreversibility of the threats posed by climate change have become indisputable. Events that were once confined to television screens have now become an all too familiar reality – we have seen forest fires destroy family homes, lost harvests, water shortages even in the winter, unexpected flooding, landscapes changed beyond recognition, a lack of snow, disappearing glaciers, forests decimated by parasites, insurance prices becoming unaffordable… the list goes on. In some corners of the world, the threats have become existential and are already leading to mass migration and armed conflict. Meanwhile, the distributional and social impacts of climate policies are a source of political risk, which further increases uncertainty around the transition path that the economy will take.

Banks are also affected, and that is why supervisors across the world now agree that climate-related physical and transition risk factors can be a source of financial risk for banks and translate into traditional risk categories such as credit, market, operational, liquidity, strategic, reputational and legal risks. Therefore, the Core Principles now provide a definition of climate-related financial risks and explicitly include climate risks among the types of potentially material risks that banks are required to identify, measure, evaluate, monitor, report and control or mitigate. Supervisors, in turn, must consider climate risks in their risk assessment of banks, and have the power to require banks to submit information that allows for the assessment of the materiality of these risks. The revised Core Principles also refer to emerging risks. The BCBS will continue its forward-looking approach to identifying risks and vulnerabilities in the banking system in this regard, which may pave the way for a broader perspective that extends beyond climate risks to also include nature-related risks.

From a European perspective, none of this sounds too novel – banks supervised by the ECB are already subject to the supervisory expectations set out in the 2020 ECB Guide on climate-related and environmental risks . However, it is important to realise that different supervisory authorities around the world are at different stages of the journey towards tackling climate and environmental risks. This is why recognising climate-related financial risks in a set of global standards is such an important step.

The revisions to the Core Principles are just one achievement of the Basel Committee’s broader strategy on climate. The BCBS is committed to addressing climate-related financial risks to the global banking system in a holistic manner across the three pillars of regulation, supervision and disclosure. It set up the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Risks, which I co-chair, back in 2020 and, following an initial stocktake of members’ initiatives related to these risks, published important analytical papers, set out detailed principles for the management and supervision of such risks and clarified how these risks can be captured in the existing Basel framework. [ 2 ] More recently, the Basel Committee conducted a public consultation on a Pillar 3 disclosure framework for climate-related financial risks and published a discussion paper on the use of climate scenario analysis for the management and supervision of climate-related financial risk. [ 3 ] Further work is also under way on the materiality of potential gaps in the Basel framework, transition planning and climate scenario analyses.

A comprehensive update

I have mainly focused on three major areas of change, but the revisions published today include many other important upgrades to the global supervisory toolkit, such as incorporating into the Core Principles a non-risk-based measure to constrain the build-up of leverage in banks and in the banking sector, enabling authorities to require banks to maintain additional capital in a form that can be released when system-wide risk crystallises or dissipates, and strengthening the expectations placed on banks and supervisors for addressing risks from non-bank financial intermediaries. There are many more.

In sum, the revised Core Principles are a major step forward for the safety and soundness of banks across the world. They will make the global banking system better equipped to face today’s challenges and will help supervisory practices keep pace with our rapidly changing world. They are also a testament to global supervisory cooperation and trust among authorities. The Basel Committee has achieved its goal of making the standards fit for purpose amid a banking landscape and global risk environment that have seen considerable change since 2012. In an uncertain world, the revised Core Principles will help us make sure banks are resilient to operational threats, reliant on sustainable business models and responsive to climate-related financial risks.

Check out additional posts on The Supervision Blog.

For topics relating to central banking, why not have a look at The ECB Blog ?

Elderson, F. (2023), “Powers, ability and willingness to act – the mainstay of effective banking supervision’’ , speech at the House of the Euro, 7 December.

See Climate-related financial risks: a survey on current initiatives , Climate-related risk drivers and their transmission channels , Climate-related financial risks – measurement methodologies , Principles for the effective management and supervision of climate-related financial risks and Frequently asked questions on climate-related financial risks .

See Consultative document – Disclosure of climate-related financial risks and Discussion Paper – The role of climate scenario analysis in strengthening the management and supervision of climate-related financial risks .

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