best college for phd in psychology

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The clinical program is accredited by the American Psychological Association and the Psychological Clinical Science Accreditation System.

Your program will typically be fully funded for five years thanks to stipend grant support and guaranteed teaching fellowships. Tuition support is also available for a six-year program. Funding is also available for research, travel, and conferences. You will have access to the latest technology at FAS Research Computing and the Neuroimaging Facility at the Center for Brain Science.

Examples of student dissertations and theses include “Childhood Anxiety Disorders: Developmental Risk Factors and Predictors of Treatment Response,” “Clarifying the Pathway to Suicide: An Examination of Subtypes of Suicidal Behavior and Their Association with Impulsiveness,” and “A Cognitive Neuroscience of Social Groups.”

Graduates have secured positions in academia at prestigious institutions such as Princeton University, Dartmouth College, and Columbia University. Others have embarked on careers with companies such as Facebook, BetterUp, and Apple.

Additional information on the graduate program is available from the Department of Psychology and requirements for the degree are detailed in Policies .

Areas of Study

Cognition, Brain, and Behavior | Experimental Psychopathology and Clinical | Developmental | Social Psychology

Admissions Requirements

Please review admissions requirements and other information before applying. You can find degree program-specific admissions requirements below and access additional guidance on applying from the Department of Psychology .

Academic Background

While an undergraduate concentration in psychology is not required, some social science coursework is recommended. Because the program is heavily quantitatively oriented, college-level math and statistics are also advised. Research experience is extremely helpful; successful applicants have often worked for professors, done research projects as part of college courses, written an undergraduate thesis, or volunteered in a psychology research lab.

Please Note: Before making the decision to apply, the program in Psychology suggests checking individual faculty/lab websites or emailing faculty directly to inquire whether they plan to consider applicants for Fall 2024 admission. It’s important to note that while individual faculty members may have every intention of bringing in a new student this year, we cannot guarantee that they will all be able to do so. The total number of offers of admission to be extended by the graduate program is based on applicant preparedness and fit, availability of university advising and support resources, and target class size. Some of these factors are not able to be determined until after the applicant pool has been finalized.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: Optional

Theses & Dissertations

Theses & Dissertations for Psychology

See list of Psychology faculty

APPLICATION DEADLINE

Questions about the program.

2024 Best Colleges for Psychology in America

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1-25 of 1,861 results

Stanford University

• Stanford, CA ·
• · Rating 4.1 out of 5   1,284 reviews
• grade  A+ Overall Niche Grade
• Acceptance rate 4%
• Net price $18,279
• SAT range 1500-1580

#1 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

STANFORD, CA ,

1284 Niche users give it an average review of 4.1 stars.

Featured Review: Freshman says I honestly really like it here! It was my dream school and genuinely there are so many opportunities that you have access to. That said, its heat you make of it. No one will force you or push you to... .

Read 1284 reviews.

Overall Niche Grade : A+ ,

Acceptance Rate : 4% ,

Net Price : $18,279 ,

SAT Range : 1500-1580 ,

Yale University

• New Haven, CT ·
• · Rating 4.02 out of 5   1,057 reviews
• Acceptance rate 5%
• Net price $18,647

#2 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

Blue checkmark.

NEW HAVEN, CT ,

1057 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Freshman says Yale is amazing overall! Campus is full of activities and there's always something to do. New Haven may not be the greatest city in America, but that just makes students be more active on campus and... .

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Acceptance Rate : 5% ,

Net Price : $18,647 ,

University of California - Los Angeles

• Los Angeles, CA ·
• · Rating 3.98 out of 5   5,592 reviews
• Acceptance rate 9%
• Net price $16,999
• SAT range —

#3 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

LOS ANGELES, CA ,

5592 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says As with any college, the experience is what you make of it. UCLA just presents a lot of diversity in terms of the experiences that you can have. You can get your party fix in on Thursdays at frat... .

Read 5592 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 9% ,

Net Price : $16,999 ,

Eastern Connecticut State University

• WILLIMANTIC, CT
• · Rating 3.5 out of 5   1,232

Regent University

• VIRGINIA BEACH, VA
• · Rating 3.99 out of 5   1,046

University of Northern Iowa

• CEDAR FALLS, IA
• · Rating 3.72 out of 5   1,492

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

• Ann Arbor, MI ·
• · Rating 3.96 out of 5   4,723 reviews
• Acceptance rate 18%
• Net price $19,318
• SAT range 1350-1530

#4 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

ANN ARBOR, MI ,

4723 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

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Acceptance Rate : 18% ,

Net Price : $19,318 ,

SAT Range : 1350-1530 ,

Harvard University

• Cambridge, MA ·
• · Rating 4.15 out of 5   850 reviews
• Acceptance rate 3%
• Net price $19,491
• SAT range 1490-1580

#5 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

CAMBRIDGE, MA ,

850 Niche users give it an average review of 4.1 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says Attending Harvard College was transformative. The housing system fostered a strong sense of community, facilitating academic support and social interaction. The rigorous academics, led by renowned... .

Read 850 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 3% ,

Net Price : $19,491 ,

SAT Range : 1490-1580 ,

University of Pennsylvania

• Philadelphia, PA ·
• · Rating 3.9 out of 5   1,361 reviews
• Acceptance rate 7%
• Net price $26,123
• SAT range 1500-1570

#6 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

PHILADELPHIA, PA ,

1361 Niche users give it an average review of 3.9 stars.

Featured Review: Freshman says It's important to acknowledge that college experiences vary greatly from person to person, and while some may face challenges or difficulties, others may find their time in college to be... .

Read 1361 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 7% ,

Net Price : $26,123 ,

SAT Range : 1500-1570 ,

• Will you get in? Understand your chances of getting accepted into any college in the country, and it's completely free

Columbia University

• New York, NY ·
• · Rating 3.82 out of 5   1,366 reviews
• Net price $22,058

#7 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

NEW YORK, NY ,

1366 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says As a biochemistry student at Columbia University, my experience was extraordinary. The Core Curriculum was a highlight, exposing me to literature, philosophy, art history, and music. This... Beyond academics, I loved engaging with the community through Peer Health Exchange (now S-HEAL), where I educated high school students on health and wellness. This experience enhanced my... Writing for The Spectator allowed me to make scientific concepts accessible, improving my ability to articulate ideas clearly. Additionally, Columbia’s vibrant arts scene, from Miller Theatre... Overall, Columbia offered a holistic education, blending rigorous science, arts, and community involvement, preparing me well for the future. .

Read 1366 reviews.

Net Price : $22,058 ,

Northwestern University

• Evanston, IL ·
• · Rating 3.7 out of 5   1,493 reviews
• Net price $22,095
• SAT range 1490-1570

#8 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

EVANSTON, IL ,

1493 Niche users give it an average review of 3.7 stars.

Featured Review: Freshman says There is a wealth of awesome student communities to join which really contributed to my experience. Classes are challenging but Northwestern offers many unique opportunities to explore different... .

Read 1493 reviews.

Net Price : $22,095 ,

SAT Range : 1490-1570 ,

Vanderbilt University

• Nashville, TN ·
• · Rating 4.02 out of 5   1,350 reviews
• Net price $25,606

#9 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

NASHVILLE, TN ,

1350 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Graduate Student says My time at Vanderbilt University was truly enriching. The academic atmosphere fostered a culture of excellence and intellectual curiosity that I found invigorating. The professors were not only... What stood out to me was Vanderbilt's commitment to diversity and inclusion, creating a welcoming environment for students from all walks of life. However, one area that could be improved is the... .

Read 1350 reviews.

Net Price : $25,606 ,

University of Southern California

• · Rating 3.99 out of 5   4,050 reviews
• Acceptance rate 12%
• Net price $36,808
• SAT range 1450-1550

#10 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

4050 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Junior says I absolutely love the University of Southern California! Besides the amazing weather, USC is a diverse and supportive environment with tons of school spirit. With so many schools and majors to choose... .

Read 4050 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 12% ,

Net Price : $36,808 ,

SAT Range : 1450-1550 ,

Duke University

• Durham, NC ·
• · Rating 3.93 out of 5   1,208 reviews
• Acceptance rate 6%
• Net price $23,694

#11 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

DURHAM, NC ,

1208 Niche users give it an average review of 3.9 stars.

Featured Review: Junior says Duke is an amazing place to go to college! I have loved every minute here as CS major -- the classes are challenging, professors are engaging and available, the campus is beautiful, and the people... .

Read 1208 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 6% ,

Net Price : $23,694 ,

Rice University

• Houston, TX ·
• · Rating 4.09 out of 5   1,122 reviews
• Net price $19,902

#12 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

HOUSTON, TX ,

1122 Niche users give it an average review of 4.1 stars.

Featured Review: Graduate Student says Going to Rice University to attend the Shepherd School of Music at a graduate level is an experience separate from the rest of Rice. The Opera Department at Rice University has been one of the best... Pros: BEAUTIFUL theater that is incredible to sing in, program's very YAP reminiscent (in good and bad ways), world-class faculty, great networking opportunity, masterclasses/private audition... Cons: your soul/free-time belongs to the Opera Department; if a release conflicts with the opera schedule, tough luck; there have been many issues with casting opportunities/favoritism; if you're a... .

Read 1122 reviews.

Net Price : $19,902 ,

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Washington University in St. Louis

• Saint Louis, MO ·
• · Rating 4.11 out of 5   1,575 reviews
• Net price $23,432

#13 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

SAINT LOUIS, MO ,

1575 Niche users give it an average review of 4.1 stars.

Featured Review: Sophomore says I am a sophomore at WashU. The depth of the education and the number of opportunities (if you seek them) can be life-changing. The business school is super good at hosting recruitment events if your... The undergraduate student body is tight-knit and mostly extremely friendly. People are very smart but not obnoxious or entitled. Campus life is great because many of the undergrads (freshmen,... .

Read 1575 reviews.

Net Price : $23,432 ,

Dartmouth College

• Hanover, NH ·
• · Rating 3.88 out of 5   747 reviews
• Net price $19,208

#14 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

HANOVER, NH ,

747 Niche users give it an average review of 3.9 stars.

Featured Review: Sophomore says My experience at Dartmouth has been great so far. The education is high quality and so are the professors. There are great opportunities for practical work and research. And the student body and... .

Read 747 reviews.

Net Price : $19,208 ,

New York University

• · Rating 3.76 out of 5   5,747 reviews
• Net price $29,499
• SAT range 1470-1570

#15 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

5747 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Senior says Attending New York University has been an incredible journey that I highly recommend. The urban campus, deeply embedded in NYC, offers unique connections to the city's core communities, enhancing... .

Read 5747 reviews.

Net Price : $29,499 ,

SAT Range : 1470-1570 ,

Brown University

• Providence, RI ·
• · Rating 3.84 out of 5   1,083 reviews
• Net price $26,723

#16 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

PROVIDENCE, RI ,

1083 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Junior says My experience has been absolutely incredible. As everyone says, the open curriculum really makes a world of difference as it allows you to choose your own path and not be hampered by requirements... .

Read 1083 reviews.

Net Price : $26,723 ,

Princeton University

• Princeton, NJ ·
• · Rating 3.97 out of 5   470 reviews
• Net price $18,698

#17 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

PRINCETON, NJ ,

470 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Freshman says I am currently a first-year here at Princeton University and my experiences here have single-handedly changed my life. The school has offered me so much support in every facet of my life -- from... .

Read 470 reviews.

Net Price : $18,698 ,

University of Florida

• Gainesville, FL ·
• · Rating 3.92 out of 5   8,093 reviews
• Acceptance rate 23%
• Net price $11,740
• SAT range 1300-1490

#18 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

GAINESVILLE, FL ,

8093 Niche users give it an average review of 3.9 stars.

Featured Review: Junior says The University of Florida is a great institution for students who want to pursue an associate, bachelor's, or any higher education degree. Ranked as the #1 public university in the nation, the... .

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Acceptance Rate : 23% ,

Net Price : $11,740 ,

SAT Range : 1300-1490 ,

University of California - San Diego

• La Jolla, CA ·
• · Rating 3.64 out of 5   3,995 reviews
• Acceptance rate 24%
• Net price $16,111

#19 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

LA JOLLA, CA ,

3995 Niche users give it an average review of 3.6 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says UC San Diego provides a wonderful environment to foster growth and fun in your undergrad experience. Students and faculty are friendly, caring, and eager to help make your time there as positive as... .

Read 3995 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 24% ,

Net Price : $16,111 ,

University of Chicago

• Chicago, IL ·
• · Rating 3.81 out of 5   1,297 reviews
• Net price $36,991

#20 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

CHICAGO, IL ,

1297 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Sophomore says Starting out at this university was not easy for me since I had to face many challenges on my own, away from family and friends I had back home. However, I had adjusted to the quarter system and... .

Read 1297 reviews.

Net Price : $36,991 ,

Florida International University

• Miami, FL ·
• · Rating 3.78 out of 5   7,536 reviews
• grade  A Overall Niche Grade
• Acceptance rate 64%
• Net price $9,881
• SAT range 1060-1250

#21 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

MIAMI, FL ,

7536 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Other says Florida International University is a fantastic setting for growth and education. FIU provides a really engaging experience, from its energetic campus culture to its committed teachers and diverse... .

Read 7536 reviews.

Overall Niche Grade : A ,

Acceptance Rate : 64% ,

Net Price : $9,881 ,

SAT Range : 1060-1250 ,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

• · Rating 4.16 out of 5   661 reviews
• Net price $20,232
• SAT range 1530-1580

#22 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

661 Niche users give it an average review of 4.2 stars.

Featured Review: Sophomore says Great place to be challenged, learn, and grow. A safe environment to fall and fail. Lots of support and resources available but you need to take the initiative to reach out about them .

Read 661 reviews.

Net Price : $20,232 ,

SAT Range : 1530-1580 ,

University of California - Irvine

• Irvine, CA ·
• · Rating 3.77 out of 5   4,280 reviews
• Acceptance rate 21%
• Net price $14,033

#23 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

IRVINE, CA ,

4280 Niche users give it an average review of 3.8 stars.

Featured Review: Senior says I enjoyed by UCI experience. I liked how diverse the campus was and the proximity of good study spots such as local cafes and the beach for when I needed to take study breaks. I also liked that it is... .

Read 4280 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 21% ,

Net Price : $14,033 ,

University of Virginia

• Charlottesville, VA ·
• · Rating 3.92 out of 5   2,419 reviews
• Acceptance rate 19%
• Net price $19,469
• SAT range 1400-1540

#24 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA ,

2419 Niche users give it an average review of 3.9 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says I entered the school wanting a medium-sized town-and-gown experience and got what I wanted. The lack of diversity or meaningful connection to a typical metropolitan population was shocking at first.... .

Read 2419 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 19% ,

Net Price : $19,469 ,

SAT Range : 1400-1540 ,

University of California - Berkeley

• Berkeley, CA ·
• · Rating 3.72 out of 5   4,490 reviews
• Acceptance rate 11%
• Net price $19,257

#25 Best Colleges for Psychology in America .

BERKELEY, CA ,

4490 Niche users give it an average review of 3.7 stars.

Featured Review: Junior says Attending UC Berkeley has been an amazing experience. The university provides a wide range of resources for students, from state-of-the-art research facilities to extensive libraries and diverse... However, some areas could be improved. While the campus is diverse, more initiatives are needed to foster a more inclusive environment, particularly in terms of support and representation for... .

Read 4490 reviews.

Acceptance Rate : 11% ,

Net Price : $19,257 ,

Northeastern University

• · Rating 3.75 out of 5   3,756

Haverford College

• HAVERFORD, PA
• · Rating 3.93 out of 5   269

Dominican University

• RIVER FOREST, IL
• · Rating 3.68 out of 5   756

Showing results 1 through 25 of 1,861

The Best Schools for Psychology

The best colleges for psychology combine top professors with outstanding students, giving both the resources they need to excel. These schools shine across the board, but their psychology programs really sparkle and set them apart.

Do you find people fascinating? Would you love to know more about why others do the things they do? A psychology major may be the right path for you. Here's what to expect as a psychology major and a list of the schools with exceptional departments.

What will you learn as a psychology major?

You'll learn a lot as a psychology major — especially about human nature and how people think. In addition to your knowledge of the subject, you’ll gain:

• Scientific literacy
• An understanding of biases and prejudices
• The best ways to learn and complete complex tasks

You’ll become a better communicator, critical thinker, and teammate — all attributes employers want to see in applicants.

What classes will you have to take as a psychology major?

In addition to introductory psychology courses, you’ll take classes on the scientific tools you’ll need and other important subtopics. Most programs have a blend of core requirements and electives.

Common classes for psychology majors include:

• Experimental Psychology
• Physiological Psychology
• Cognitive Psychology
• Abnormal Psychology
• Developmental Psychology
• Social Psychology

The department websites for the best schools for psychology generally post a list of degree requirements, so you can see what different programs mandate.

What careers can you pursue with a psychology degree?

You can apply the critical thinking and communication skills you develop as a psychology major to many disciplines.

Some of the most popular psychology major careers include:

• Guidance counselor
• Human resources staff
• Social worker
• Management trainee
• Salesperson
• Market research analyst
• Public relations specialist
• Psychiatric aide

Note that most careers in clinical therapy, psychology, and psychiatry also require graduate work.

How do we rank the best colleges for psychology?

We start by finding great schools, period. Amazing departments require homes in top colleges and universities.

Then we look at several other factors, including:

• How competitive is the program?
• How large is the program?
• How do the school’s psychology students rate their experiences?
• How much does the school invest in psychology research?

If you’re considering studying psychology, you might want a more detailed breakdown of our methodology . After all, an education in data analysis is part of most programs in the social sciences.

How to use the list of the best psychology colleges

The goal isn’t just to find the best schools for your likely major. The goal is to find the best match for you. You can filter our list by:

• Selectivity

Then, start looking at the suggested schools and compare them to one another, take tours online, and read up on student life. It's also good to visit the school psychology department's website. Check out professors, courses, and related campus events.

Don’t forget to listen to current students at the university. At Niche, we compile more student reviews than any other place online. You can find out what the actual experience is like for students right now.

The application process can be stressful, but it can also be fun. Let yourself explore your options, and don’t be afraid to daydream.

Psychology Headlines

From around the world.

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Source: Psychology News Center

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Getting a Ph.D. in Psychology

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.

Verywell / Evan Polenghi

Ph.D. vs. Psy.D.

Job opportunities, earning a degree, specialty areas, alternatives.

Getting a Ph.D. in psychology can open up a whole new world of career opportunities. For many careers paths in psychology-related career paths, a doctoral degree is necessary to obtain work and certification. A Ph.D. is one option, but it is not the only educational path that's available to reach some of these goals.

A Ph.D., or doctor of philosophy, is one of the highest level degrees you can earn in the field of psychology . If you're considering pursuing a graduate degree, you might be wondering how long it takes to earn a Ph.D. in psychology . Generally, a bachelor's degree takes four years of study. While a master's degree requires an additional two to three years of study beyond the bachelor's, a doctoral degree can take between four to six years of additional graduate study after earning your bachelor's degree.

Recently, a new degree option known as the Psy.D. , or doctor of psychology, has grown in popularity as an alternative to the Ph.D. The type of degree you decide to pursue depends on a variety of factors, including your own interests and your career aspirations.

Before deciding which is right for you, research your options and decide if graduate school in psychology is even the best choice for you. Depending on your career goals, you might need to earn a master's or doctoral degree in psychology in order to practice in your chosen field. In other instances, a degree in a similar subject such as counseling or social work may be more appropriate.

A doctorate in psychology is required if you want to open your own private practice.

If you want to become a licensed psychologist, you must earn either a Ph.D. or a Psy.D. in clinical or counseling psychology.

In most cases, you will also need a doctorate if you want to teach and conduct research at the college or university level. While there are some opportunities available for people with a master's degree in various specialty fields, such as industrial-organizational psychology and health psychology , those with a doctorate will generally find higher pay, greater job demand, and more opportunity for growth.

In order to earn a Ph.D. in psychology, you need to first begin by earning your bachelor's degree. While earning your undergraduate degree in psychology can be helpful, students with bachelor's degrees in other subjects can also apply their knowledge to psychology Ph.D. programs . Some students in doctorate programs may have a master's degree in psychology , but most doctorate programs do not require it.

After you’ve been admitted to a graduate program, it generally takes at least four years to earn a Ph.D. and another year to complete an internship. Once these requirements have been fulfilled, you can take state and national exams to become licensed to practice psychology in the state where you wish to work.

Once you enter the graduate level of psychology, you will need to choose an area of specialization, such as clinical psychology , counseling psychology, health psychology, or cognitive psychology . The American Psychological Association (APA) accredits graduate programs in three areas: clinical, counseling, and school psychology.   If you are interested in going into one of these specialty areas, it's important to choose a school that has received accreditation through the APA.

For many students, the choice may come down to a clinical psychology program versus a counseling psychology program. There are many similarities between these two Ph.D. options, but there are important distinctions that students should consider. Clinical programs may have more of a research focus while counseling programs tend to focus more on professional practice. The path you choose will depend largely on what you plan to do after you complete your degree.

Of course, the Ph.D. in psychology is not the only graduate degree option. The Psy.D. is a doctorate degree option that you might also want to consider. While there are many similarities between these two degrees, traditional Ph.D. programs tend to be more research-oriented while Psy.D. programs are often more practice-oriented.

The Ph.D. option may be your top choice if you want to mix professional practice with teaching and research, while the Psy.D. option may be preferred if you want to open your own private psychology practice.

In the book "An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology," authors John C. Norcross and Michael A. Sayette suggest that one of the key differences between the two-degree options is that the Ph.D. programs train producers of research while Psy.D. programs train consumers of research. However, professional opportunities for practice are very similar with both degree types.

Research suggests that there are few discernible differences in terms of professional recognition, employment opportunities, or clinical skills between students trained in the Ph.D. or Psy.D. models. One of the few differences is that those with a Ph.D. degree are far more likely to be employed in academic settings and medical schools.

Social work, counseling, education, and the health sciences are other graduate options that you may want to consider if you decide that a doctorate degree is not the best fit for your interests and career goals.

A Word From Verywell

If you are considering a Ph.D. in psychology, spend some time carefully researching your options and thinking about your future goals. A doctoral degree is a major commitment of time, resources, and effort, so it is worth it to take time to consider the right option for your goals. The Ph.D. in psychology can be a great choice if you are interested in being a scientist-practitioner in the field and want to combine doing research with professional practice. It's also great training if you're interested in working at a university where you would teach classes and conduct research on psychological topics.

University of Pennsylvania; School of Arts and Sciences. Information for applicants .

American Psychological Association. Doctoral degrees in psychology: How are they different, or not so different?

U.S. Department of Labor.  Psychologists . Occupational Outlook Handbook .

Norcross JC, Sayette MA. An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology (2020/2021 ed.) . New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2020.

Davis SF, Giordano PJ, Licht CA. Your Career in Psychology: Putting Your Graduate Degree to Work . John Wiley & Sons; 2012. doi:10.1002/9781444315929

US Department of Education. Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, by sex of student and discipline division: 2016-17 .

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Clinical Psychology PhD

Ph.d. in clinical psychology.

Welcome to the doctoral program in Clinical Psychology Program at Teachers College, Columbia University. The Clinical Psychology Program was founded in 1947-1948. It was APA-accredited in the first group of programs that were reviewed for accreditation in 1948 and that status has been uninterrupted. Our most recent site visit from the APA occurred in 2021, and we have been accredited until June 2031.

Our program operates according to a scientist-practitioner model. We are, thus, dedicated to training students to generate empirically-based knowledge in clinical psychology and to perform clinical work that is constantly informed by traditional and emerging scholarship in the field. We expect our students to learn to expertly produce, analyze, and discuss scientific material. We also expect our students to become proficient at providing clinical services to a diverse population. And, most importantly, we expect our students to learn to integrate these two goals. As our mission statement in the TC catalog notes, “The driving goal of our Clinical Psychology Program is to provide rigorous training in both contemporary clinical science and clinical assessment and intervention.”

A good deal of the training, especially that related to research, occurs through intensive participation in a research lab directed by a specific faculty mentor. It is this context, through this lab, that students develop their scientific skills and begin presenting their work at professional conferences and publishing in professional journals. Each student, of course, is also part of a cohort of doctoral students with whom they learn, collaborate, and socialize.

In recent years, graduates of our doctoral program have gained employment in tenure-track academic positions, as research scientists in medical schools, and as clinical researchers in a broad range of treatment settings. In addition, many of our graduates practice independently as well as in community settings for under-served populations.

The list of faculty reviewing and potentially accepting applicants for each cycle is listed on the application itself. Please check the application itself or email the admissions office at 

[email protected] for clarification.

Doug Mennin, Ph.D.

Professor, Director of Clinical Training

Research Centers

Dean Hope Center for Educational and Psychological Services

The Dean Hope Center for Educational and Psychological Services (DHCEPS) is an integral part of the teaching and training programs in Clinical, Counseling, School Psychology, Learning Disability and Reading Specialist. The Center works in a two-folded way; first it offers students the opportunity to integrate theoretical coursework with practicum experience within a multidisciplinary setting. This training is foreseen by highly qualified supervisors. Simultaneously, the DHCEPS offers affordable psychological and educational services to individuals, couples, and families residing in the nearby neighborhood of the New York City area. The emphasis is on respecting and working with clients from diverse, multicultural contexts regardless of age, racial and ethnic background, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, and religious or cultural affiliations. Additionally, DHCEPS is committed to maintaining a liaison with community-based agencies and organizations such as schools, hospitals, and mental health clinics, among others.

Teachers College Resilience Center for Veterans and Families

The Resilience Center for Veterans & Families pairs groundbreaking research on human emotional resilience with clinical training of therapists to assist veterans and their families as they transition back to civilian life.

Dean Hope Center for Psychological Services

The Dean Hope Center for Educational and Psychological Services (DHCEPS) is an integral part of the teaching and training programs in Clinical, Counseling, School Psychology, Learning Disability and Reading Specialist. The Center works in a two-folded way; first it offers students the opportunity to integrate theoretical coursework with practicum experience within a multidisciplinary setting. This training is foreseen by highly qualified supervisors.  Simultaneously, the DHCEPS offers affordable psychological and educational services to individuals, couples, and families residing in the nearby neighborhood of the New York City area. The emphasis is on respecting and working with clients from diverse, multicultural contexts regardless of age, racial and ethnic background, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, and religious or cultural affiliations.  DHCEPS also commits to maintaining a liaison with community-based agencies and organizations such as schools, hospitals and mental health clinics.

Admissions Information

Displaying requirements for the Spring 2024, Summer 2024, and Fall 2024 terms.

Doctor of Philosophy

• Points/Credits: 95
• Entry Terms: Fall

Application Deadlines

Select programs remain open beyond our standard application deadlines , such as those with an extended deadline or those that are rolling (open until June or July). If your program is rolling or has an extended deadline indicated above, applications are reviewed as they are received and on a space-available basis. We recommend you complete your application as soon as possible as these programs can close earlier if full capacity has been met.

Application Requirements

Requirements from the tc catalog (ay 2023-2024).

Displaying catalog information for the Fall 2023, Spring 2024 and Summer 2024 terms.

View Full Catalog Listing

The Program requires the following:

The completion of 95 points of academic credit during three to four years of residence at the College.

A full-time, twelve-month clinical internship during the fourth or fifth year of study.

An original piece of empirical research, which also serves as a qualifying paper, to be completed during the second year of study.

A passing grade on the certification examination (on Research Methods) during the third year of study.

A Clinical case presentation as well as a research presentation, during the third year, each demonstrating the student’s ability to integrate theory, research, and practice.

A doctoral dissertation, which must be completed no later than the seventh year after matriculation.

During the first year of study, in addition to participating in a research lab, doctoral students typically take the following didactic courses: Ethical and professional issues in clinical psychology (CCPX 5030); Psychological measurement (HUDM 5059); courses on statistics and modeling; Research methods in social psychology (ORLJ 5040); Child psychopathology (CCPX 5034); Adult psychopathology (CCPX 5032); History and systems of psychology (CCPX 6020); and Dynamic psychotherapies (CCPX 5037). Students also take two semesters of psychological testing and diagnostic assessment (CCPX 5330, CCPX 5333) and a course in clinical interviewing (CCPX 5539).

Second Year

During their second year, students’ didactic courses include Brain and behavior (BBS 5068, 5069); Cognition, emotion, and culture (CCPX 5020); Psychotherapy with children (CCPX 5531); Cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal therapies (CCPX 5038); Clinical work with diverse populations (CCPX 5036); and Seminar on life course development (HUDK 6520). In addition, students sign up for a full year of research practicum with a faculty member (culminating in an empirical second- year project), a full-year adult psychodynamic psychotherapy practicum (CCPX 6335), and an additional elective full-year clinical rotation (e.g., on child and adolescent psychotherapy; on neuropsychological assessment).

Third-year didactic courses include Group dynamics: A systems perspective (ORL 5362); and Dissertation seminar (CCPX 7500). There is also a full-year advanced psychodynamic clinical practicum (CCPX 6336) and a one-semester supervision and consultation practicum (CCPX 6333). Most students also elect a full-year family therapy practicum (CCPJ 6363).

Fourth and Fifth Year

The fourth year is typically focused on clinical externship (CCPX 5230) and extensive work on the dissertation. A full-year fourth year psychotherapy practicum (CCPX 6338) is recommended, though not required. Year five is usually spent on a full- year clinical internship (CCPX 6430).

The program allows only 12 points of graduate work from another institution to be transferred. No transfer credits are awarded for practica, workshops, or independent study.

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Teachers College, Columbia University 328 Horace Mann

Contact Person: Rebecca Shulevitz

Phone: (212) 678-3267 Fax: (212) 678-8235

Email: shulevitz@tc.columbia.edu

Best Undergraduate Psychology Programs

The undergraduate psychology program rankings were based solely on peer assessment surveys. To appear on these surveys, undergraduate psychology programs must have awarded a medium to large number of bachelor's degrees in psychology. Read the methodology »

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Stanford University

Stanford, CA

• #1 in Psychology Programs  (tie)
• #1 in Psychology  (tie)

The sunny campus of Stanford University is located in California’s Bay Area, about 30 miles from San Francisco. The private institution stresses a multidisciplinary combination of teaching, learning, and research, and students have many opportunities to get involved in research projects.

(fall 2022)

SAT, GPA and More

University of California, Berkeley

Berkeley, CA

The University of California, Berkeley overlooks the San Francisco Bay in Berkeley, Calif. Students at this public school have more than 1,000 groups to get involved in, including more than 60 fraternity and sorority chapters.

(out-of-state)

Harvard University

Cambridge, MA

• #3 in Psychology Programs  (tie)
• #3 in Psychology  (tie)

Harvard University is a private institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston. This Ivy League school is the oldest higher education institution in the country and has the largest endowment of any school in the world.

University of California, Los Angeles

Los Angeles, CA

The University of California, Los Angeles is just five miles away from the Pacific Ocean. The public institution offers 5,000 courses, 140 bachelor's degree programs and 97 minors.

University of Michigan--Ann Arbor

Ann Arbor, MI

The university boasts of Ann Arbor, only 45 minutes from Detroit, as one of the best college towns in the U.S. Freshmen are guaranteed housing but not required to live on campus. Students can join one of the school’s more than 1,500 student organizations or 62 Greek chapters. Athletics play a central role at Michigan, including the football team’s fierce rivalry with Ohio State. Michigan also offers highly ranked graduate programs, including the Stephen M. Ross School of Business, College of Engineering, Law School and Medical School, in addition to the well-regarded School of Dentistry and Taubman College for Architecture and Urban Planning. The University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers is ranked among the top hospitals in the country.

Yale University

New Haven, CT

Yale University, located in New Haven, Connecticut, offers a small college life with the resources of a major research institution. Yale students are divided into 14 residential colleges that foster a supportive environment for living, learning and socializing.

Columbia University

New York, NY

• #7 in Psychology Programs  (tie)
• #7 in Psychology  (tie)

Columbia University has three undergraduate schools: Columbia College, The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and the School of General Studies. This Ivy League, private school guarantees students housing for all four years on campus in Manhattan’s Morningside Heights neighborhood in New York City.

Cornell University

Cornell University, a private school in Ithaca, New York, has 14 colleges and schools. Each admits its own students, though every graduate receives a degree from Cornell University. The university has more than 1,000 student organizations on campus.

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Champaign, IL

The University of Illinois is located in the twin cities of Urbana and Champaign in east-central Illinois, only a few hours from Chicago, Indianapolis and St. Louis. The school's Fighting Illini participate in more than 20 NCAA Division I varsity sports and are part of the Big Ten Conference. The university boasts one of the largest Greek systems in the country, and almost a quarter of the student body is involved. It’s not hard to find something to do on campus with more than 1,600 student organizations, including professional, political and philanthropic clubs. All freshmen are required to live on campus.

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, PA

Founded by Benjamin Franklin, the University of Pennsylvania is a private institution in the University City neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Students can study in one of four schools that grant undergraduate degrees: Arts and Sciences, Nursing, Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Wharton.

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More Schools in this List (Alphabetical)

Abilene Christian University

Abilene, TX

• in Psychology Programs
• in Psychology

Abilene Christian University is a Texas institution affiliated with the Churches of Christ. Students are required to attend daily chapel sessions and take Bible courses.

Adelphi University

Garden City, NY

Alabama A&M University

Founded in 1875, Alabama A&M University is a public institution.

American University

Washington, DC

Students at American University benefit from the school's location in the political hub of the nation. Washington, D.C., is a playground for the politically and socially oriented with its countless museums, restaurants, clubs and year-round events. The university, located in a suburban pocket of northwest Washington, is close to a stop on the D.C.-area Metrorail transit system. Rides downtown take about 15 minutes. Students at American have been rated among the most politically active in the nation, and there are more than 270 student clubs and organizations on campus. The school also has a sizable Greek system, with more than 25 fraternities and sororities.

Appalachian State University

Appalachian State University is a public school tucked in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Students at Appalachian have many programs, sports, and clubs to choose from, including the Appalachian Popular Programming Society, which plans campus events. 

Arizona State University

Arizona State University’s Tempe campus offers more than 200 research-based programs in the arts, business, engineering and more. The campus is located just outside of Phoenix, in the suburb of Tempe, Arizona.

Arkansas State University

State University, AR

Arkansas State University offers more than 160 degree programs. At Arkansas State, students can get help with difficult classes through the Structured Learning Assistance program.

Arkansas Tech University

Russellville, AR

Founded in 1909, Arkansas Tech University is a public institution.

Auburn University

Auburn, Alabama, has been ranked one of the best places to live, and life at Auburn University can be similarly enjoyable for students. Football is a particularly big attraction in the fall, as fans support the Auburn Tigers with the help of school mascot Aubie the Tiger. The Tiger sports teams compete in the NCAA Division I Southeastern Conference, and the influx of football fans makes Auburn the fifth-largest city in the state on game days. Pep rallies are held in the downtown Toomer's Corner, and the area is covered in toilet paper by fans after every big victory. There are more than 500 student organizations on campus, and about 6,000 students are involved in the school's Greek system. Auburn freshmen ease into the college transition through Camp War Eagle, a two-day, overnight summer orientation program. Transition help continues on Hey Day, an annual effort to get students to wear name tags and say hello to one another. Freshmen do not have to live on campus; in fact, a dorm room isn't even guaranteed. Because of space restraints, first-year students are awarded on-campus living assignments on a first-come, first-served basis.

Auburn University at Montgomery

Montgomery, AL

Founded in 1967, Auburn University at Montgomery is a public institution. The school has 65.9% of its classes with fewer than 20 students, and the student-faculty ratio at Auburn University at Montgomery is 15:1.

Best Psychology colleges in the U.S. 2024

According to the National Center for Education Statistics , psychology ranked as the sixth most popular undergraduate degree in the United States, with colleges and universities conferring 116,500 degrees during the 2018-2019 academic year – or 6% of the total number of degrees awarded. As mental health conditions continue to rise throughout the country, the need for educated professionals will also continue to grow.

While individuals aspiring to work as psychologists must earn a doctorate and state licensure, many jobs exist for those with bachelor's or master's degrees in psychology. Psychology also represents an expansive field, providing the opportunity for students to focus on general psychology as well as concentrations in areas such as clinical psychology, cognitive psychology, counseling psychology, developmental psychology, educational psychology, forensic psychology, health psychology, industrial-organizational psychology, school psychology, and social psychology, to name a few.

Whether a first-time student or someone considering graduate school, this page provides valuable information on next steps. Keep reading to learn about psychology careers available at every academic level, as well as what to expect from bachelor's, master's, and doctoral psychology programs.

Best Psychology colleges in the U.S. for 2024

Northwestern University offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a very large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a small city. In 2022, 173 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 153 Bachelor's degrees, 12 Doctoral degrees, and 8 Master's degrees.

Boston College offers 2 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a small city. In 2022, 115 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 114 Bachelor's degrees, and 1 Master's degree.

Duke University offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a large city. In 2022, 22 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 12 Doctoral degrees, and 10 Master's degrees.

Cornell University offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a very large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a small city. In 2022, 80 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 80 Bachelor's degrees.

Columbia University in the City of New York offers 1 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a very large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a large city. In 2022, 6 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 6 Certificates.

University of Virginia-Main Campus offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a very large, public, four-year university in a small suburb. In 2022, 285 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 251 Bachelor's degrees, 21 Master's degrees, and 13 Doctoral degrees.

Emory University offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a large city. In 2022, 172 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 153 Bachelor's degrees, 13 Master's degrees, and 6 Doctoral degrees.

University of Southern California offers 2 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a very large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a large city. In 2022, 198 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 183 Bachelor's degrees, and 15 Master's degrees.

Lehigh University offers 3 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a medium sized, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a small city. In 2022, 67 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 63 Bachelor's degrees, 2 Master's degrees, and 2 Doctoral degrees.

University of Rochester offers 1 Psychology, General degree programs. It's a large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a midsize city. In 2022, 9 Psychology, General students graduated with students earning 9 Master's degrees.

Find local colleges with Psychology majors in the U.S.

Psychology degree overview, choosing between a master’s degree in psychology vs. a doctor of philosophy in psychology program.

The choice between pursuing a Master’s Degree in Psychology vs. a PhD in Psychology boils down to individual interests and career aspirations. Many students find a MS in Psychology sufficient for the types of jobs they want. Others discover a doctorate necessary for the occupations to which they aspire.

What Is a MS in Psychology?

An MS in Psychology is a graduate degree that prepares recipients for a variety of careers. It also can serve as a building block to entering doctoral studies, and an MS program typically takes about two years to complete. Online MS in Psychology programs sometimes offers accelerated options in which ambitious students can finish in around 18 months.

While coursework varies by institution and personal interests, students in psychology master’s programs often take these classes:

• Lifespan development
• Research methodology
• Cognitive psychology
• Social psychology
• Personality
• Foundations of therapy
• Family systems theory
• Abnormal psychology

Some students focus on general psychology. Others gear their master’s program to a specific area. Some niche choices include:

• Educational psychology
• Forensic psychology
• Clinical psychology
• Industrial-organizational psychology
• Sport psychology
• Health psychology
• Counseling psychology
• Child and adolescent development
• Applied behavior analysis

Who Should Get a MS in Psychology?

Students who want to expand their knowledge of psychology beyond the undergraduate level often seek a master’s degree. Some students pursue an MS to become more attractive candidates to schools when they apply to doctoral programs. 

Others enter the workforce after receiving their MS in psychology. They find careers in the following fields:

• Advertising
• Human resources
• Criminal justice
• Social services
• Mental health

What Is a PhD In Psychology?

A PhD in psychology is the highest-level degree within the discipline. Earning it signifies academic excellence and dedication to the field. In addition to mastering psychological theories and concepts, PhD candidates learn how to advance scientific knowledge through their own original research.

Who Should Get a PhD In Psychology?

Obtaining a PhD in psychology is a rigorous process. It involves classwork, passing an oral exam demonstrating competency, and completing a dissertation. Practicums, internships, and teaching experiences may also be part of the program.

Students thinking about entering such a program should possess a  strong background in psychology , such as a bachelor’s and/or master’s degree. They also should look closely at their career goals and decide whether a PhD puts them on the right path.

PsyD Vs PhD at a Glance

Individuals wishing to earn a doctorate have another option besides a PhD in Psychology. They may pursue a PsyD (Doctor of Psychology). Selecting which to earn depends on the student’s educational and career interests.

In general, PsyD programs:

• Focus heavily on applied psychology
• Take 4-7 years to complete
• Attract students interested in working as therapists inc community mental health, hospital, and private practice settings

By comparison, PhD programs in psychology:

• Focus extensively on generating new knowledge through scientific research
• Attract students interested in remaining in academia as professors and researchers, though many do  seek licensure and become practicing psychologists

Certificate in Psychology

Master’s in psychology certification and licensure.

Many careers in psychology also require a license or certification to practice or obtain a job. It is important to research requirements for your desired career path, and choose a school, program, and speciality that prepare you to meet your career goals. 

The specific license or certification required varies by state. Make sure to check your desired field’s requirements before you commit to a school or program.  

PsyD Certification and Licensure

Psychologists need a license in order to practice. Exact  licensing laws vary by state  and type of position, so individuals need to look at the requirements for the location where they wish to work.

Earning a PsyD typically satisfies educational requirements. Licensure also generally requires an internship, either 1-2 years of supervised professional experience or a one-year post-doctoral fellowship, and passing the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology.

Therapists also need a license. Students should seek specifics from their prospective occupation’s state regulatory board.

Psychology-related occupations often require state licensure. Knowing the specifics for the state in which one hopes to find employment can guide educational and career choices and prevent unwelcome surprises down the line.

Psychologists, for example, typically need to complete the following:

• A PsyD or a PhD in Psychology
• An internship
• A post-doc or 1-year supervised professional experience after the internship
• A passing score on the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology 
• Completion of a dissertation or case study

States usually require all licensed therapists to complete the following:

• A master’s degree
• A range of 2,000-4,000 hours of post-degree supervised clinical experience
• A successful exam score

Bachelor's Degree in Psychology

Time to complete : Most programs require students to complete four years of full-time study or six years of part-time study. Some schools also provide accelerated bachelor's degrees in psychology that students can finish in as few as three years.

Required credits : The majority of programs consist of at least 120 credits, though some with specializations may tack on several additional credits.

Sample courses : Introduction to statistical methods and data analysis, foundations of psychology, history and theories of psychology, multicultural issues in psychology, biological bases of behavior, cognitive processes and principles of learning, abnormal psychology, and psychology of gender.

Online availability : Many schools now provide fully online bachelor's in psychology degrees to make learning more accessible to students juggling personal and professional responsibilities outside their education. That said, some programs may require learners to participate in a semester-long internship as part of graduation requirements. Most schools will work with learners to find a suitable internship site near their place of residence.

A bachelor’s in psychology may be offered as a bachelor of arts (BA) or a bachelor of science (BS), with larger universities offering both options. Both provide a foundational understanding of psychological theory, cognitive process, mental health conditions and human behaviors, but each has its differences.

A BA in Psychology includes liberal arts programming such as sociology or political science while a BS in Psychology provides more exposure to statistics, mathematics, and clinical research. Both degrees take approximately four years to complete.

What Can I Do with a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology?

A bachelor’s degree in psychology prepares graduates for a  career as a psychologist  or in a related field such as 

• Organizational behavior
• Career counseling
• Social work

Because the degree focuses on human behavior, it also provides the understanding needed for careers in any field involving working with people, from advertising and marketing to teaching, human resources, management, or sales.

Bachelor of Psychology Salaries and Career Outlook

A bachelor’s degree in psychology can prepare you for a career as a psychologist or can lead to a job in other related fields. Becoming a psychologist requires additional years of schooling, with a master’s degree required to work in school or industrial settings and a doctoral degree needed to work as a  clinical psychologist . The  Bureau of Labor Statistics projects  steady job growth of 8% and median annual compensation of $82,180. 

For those who choose a bachelor’s in psychology as a foundation for other career paths, career outlooks are also promising. For example, after earning a master’s degree, you can become a marriage and family therapist.  Marriage and family therapists  earn a median salary of $51,340 and are projected to see a 16% growth in job outlook.

Similarly,  training and development specialists  are projected to experience 11% job growth and earn a median salary of $62,700.  

Though projected job growth numbers like those provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics are only projections and do not guarantee job growth, many people rely upon the trends that they report on to guide their career decisions.

Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology Career Paths

A bachelor’s degree in psychology provides an invaluable understanding of human behavior and motivations. The degree serves as an excellent educational foundation for almost any career that involves direct contact with a wide range of people and personalities. 

Here are some common careers held by people with a bachelor’s degree in psychology.

Earning a bachelor’s degree in psychology at an accredited university takes approximately four years. Depending upon the school that you attend and its curriculum, you can expect to take both required general education courses and courses that provide a strong foundation in:

• The principles of psychology and human behavior
• scientific inquiry, research, and critical thinking
• Ethical and social responsibility
• Professional development
• Communication

Pros and Cons of a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology 

Selecting a course of study is both exciting and challenging as you want to choose a major that inspires and engages while at the same time offering a clear path for a successful future. 

You can choose from two different types of bachelor degrees in psychology:

• Bachelor of Arts in Psychology (BA) – Liberal arts focus
• Bachelor of Science in Psychology (BS) – Science focus

Whether you choose a degree that leans more heavily on liberal arts or on the sciences,  majoring in psychology has both advantages and disadvantages. 

Advantages:

The study of psychology guarantees an endless stream of interesting information that can be applied to all types of human interactions and engagement. Students can choose to concentrate in areas as diverse as 

• Developmental Psychology
• Abnormal Psychology
• Health Psychology
• Environmental Psychology

No matter what field you choose for a career, you’ll have a greater understanding of what motivates people and drives their behavior. The required curriculum also familiarizes you with scientific inquiry, research methodology, and statistics. These are skills that are highly valued.

Disadvantages:

If your goal is to work as a psychologist, earning a bachelor’s degree in psychology will not get you there, but it’s a start. To become a clinical psychologist, you’ll need to continue your education and earn  both a master’s and doctoral degree . However, your bachelor’s in psychology is the foundational building block on which those advanced degrees are built.

Courses in Bachelor’s in Psychology Programs

Psychology is one of the most popular bachelor’s degrees available, and nearly every accredited college and university has a psychology program available. Though each academic institution has its own focus and curriculum, there are certain core courses that you can expect to take no matter which school you attend. These include:

• Learning, Memory, and/or Cognition;
• Sensation, Perception, and/or Biological Bases of Behavior
• Human Development
• Clinical, Abnormal, and/or Personality
• Social Influences on Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviors
• Research Measurement, Design, and Methodology

Skills Learned in a Bachelor’s in Psychology Program

Students who choose to major in psychology expect to gain a deeper understanding of human behavior. Students will explore the history of psychology and its major schools of thought, and gain familiarity with research, data collection, and interpretation. 

What you may not anticipate is that your pursuit of this knowledge also teaches essential skills that help you in your personal and professional lives and may even qualify you for higher levels of compensation. These include:

• Communication skills  – In order to earn a bachelor’s degree in psychology, students demonstrate strong written and oral communication skills, including the ability to summarize research in a clear and concise way.
• Critical thinking  – Psychology requires students to rely on evidence to interpret what they are seeing rather than intuition or anecdotal information. They learn to use tools including statistics, program evaluation, and research design.
• Problem solving  – Students learn a variety of strategies and approaches to problem solving, including establishing practical steps needed to both identify a question and find an answer.
• Collaboration  – While working on research projects, students learn to work effectively in a team by cooperating, sharing responsibilities, and listening and responding appropriately to the ideas of others. They also learn valuable management skills as they work with individuals or with teams, coordinating projects and prioritizing individual and team tasks. 
• Comfort with technology  – Students learn to use various operating systems and programs, including coding protocols and software applications for performing statistical analysis.

Bachelor of Arts vs Bachelor of Science in Psychology

Students seeking a bachelor’s degree in psychology can choose either a BA or BS. Though both provide the same core education, each has a slightly different focus. Some colleges provide students with a choice between the two, while other schools only offer one or the other. 

For those hoping to use their degree in psychology as a launching pad for a non-psychology career, a BA in psychology is probably the best bet. As part of a liberal arts program, the bachelor of arts provides students with an overview of social, clinical, cognitive, and developmental psychology as well as the opportunity to take general electives in the humanities and social sciences.

For those hoping to work as clinical psychologists, therapists or elsewhere in the field of mental health, a bachelor of science provides the same general coursework with a greater emphasis on research and scientific inquiry. Rather than taking courses in the humanities, students design and conduct experiments, participate in laboratories, learn statistics and strengthen their mathematics skills. 

How Long Does It Take to Get a Bachelor’s in Psychology?

Generally speaking, earning a bachelor’s degree in psychology takes four years to complete, though timelines vary based on whether the coursework is pursued on a part-time or full-time basis, whether you take classes in person or online, whether you select an accelerated program, and whether you have transferable credits.

Bachelor’s in Psychology Specializations

Psychology touches every area of our lives, and as a result there are numerous areas of specializations that students can choose. Some are more oriented towards science and research and others focus on behaviors in different settings. 

Common specializations include:

• Cognitive and perceptual psychology
• Developmental psychology
• Environmental psychology
• Industrial/organizational psychology
• Neuropsychology
• School psychology
• Social Psychology
• Sports Psychology

Applying to Bachelor’s in Psychology Programs

While exciting, applying to college is time-consuming and can be challenging. The key to making the process as painless as possible is organization. Start by making a list of the documents and supporting information for every program to which you’re applying, and make a note of the deadline for each. 

Many schools have adopted  The Common Application , a platform that allows students to complete the application process once and then submit it to multiple colleges and universities without having to duplicate their work.

Admission Requirements for Bachelor’s in Psychology Programs 

Though no two schools are the same, most have similar admission requirements. These are likely to include:

• Completed application form with associated fees
• High school transcripts – Most colleges and universities require a minimum GPA for consideration to their program.
• Standardized test scores – Though a growing number of colleges are dropping this requirement, many still expect students to take either the SAT or the ACT tests, as well as SAT Subject tests. 
• List of extracurricular activities
• Personal essay or statement – Many schools offer a prompt or choice of prompts to which you can respond, while others allow you to write on any subject you prefer. 
• List of awards and achievements
• Letters of recommendation – These should be written by teachers, coaches, or mentors who can speak to the type of student you are.

Master's Degree in Psychology

Time to complete : The majority of master's degrees in psychology require two years of full-time study, though part-time learners may need up to four years. Accelerated options can be completed in as few as 12 months.

Required credits : Required credits typically range between 30-40, but this can vary based on concentrations. Common options include behavioral, clinical, counseling, developmental, forensic, and industrial-organizational psychology.

Sample courses : While most core degree requirements look similar across schools, concentration-related classes can vary substantially. Some common general psychology courses include principles of neuroscience, learning and cognition, memory and the brain, group dynamics, clinical psychopharmacology, and psychology research methods.

Online availability : Students can routinely find fully online master's in psychology programs thanks to few requiring any in-person components. The expanded availability of distance learning in this field makes it possible for students to expand their searches greatly beyond those in their state or near their homes.

Earning a master’s degree in psychology is a commitment to advancing both your skills and expertise in psychology while also opening up many career paths and opportunities in the field of psychology. Earning a master’s degree in psychology (MS or MA) is an exciting opportunity to continue your education in an area of psychology you are passionate about and gain critical hands-on experience. 

Psychology could lead to job security, too, as the  Bureau of Labor Statistics  (BLS) projects that the psychology profession is on track to grow 3% in the next ten years. Depending on your goals and what state you plan to practice in, a master’s degree prepares you for a successful life-long career as a psychologist in many settings. However, note that some states and jurisdictions require a  doctorate degree  to practice as a clinician, counselor, or a professional in a school setting. 

A master’s degree in psychology provides a robust foundation of knowledge and skills that can launch a successful career of helping others in both the public and private sector. A master’s degree in psychology does not make you a licensed psychologist. To obtain a license, you need to follow the licensing requirements of the state you want to work in. In most cases, licensure does require a master’s degree.

Research and practice make up the two main functions of psychology. Your career goals, areas of interest, and personality type help determine which subsection of psychology is right for you. There are many things to consider when considering a graduate school program including the pros and cons, coursework, what skills you’ll master, and the required time commitment. 

What Can You Do With a Master’s Degree in Psychology?

The field of psychology contains many different areas and specialties that lead to a wide variety of career options.  

Depending on your passion and area of interest, obtaining a master’s in psychology can lead to careers in the following industries:

• Market research
• Family services
• Employee training
• Intervention 
• Data Analyst 
• Health programs
• Community college 
• Court system

If you choose to earn a master’s in psychology, there are many more subfields you can pursue depending on what you are interested in. 

Master’s in Psychology Salaries and Career Outlook

The area of psychology, industry, and job location help determine your salary. According to the BLS, the median salary of a psychologist in 2019 was  $80,370  with jobs in government and healthcare paying the most. 

The career outlook for people holding a master’s in psychology is good with a projected growth of  3%  from 2019-2029. However, this projection is not a guarantee of industry growth. 

Psychology Master’s Degree Career Paths

Because the subject of psychology is so diverse, there are many career paths and specialties to choose from. A few popular career paths are highlighted below.

Career :  Psychologists Salary : $80,370 Projected Job Growth (2019-2029) : 3% About the Position:   Psychologists are trained to analyze emotions, thoughts, and behavior and how it affects individuals as well as society as a whole

Career:  Marriage and Family Therapists (MFT) Salary: $49,610 Projected Job Growth (2019-2029):  22% About the Position:  The demand for therapists is on the rise. MFTs use tools and proven techniques to help couples and individuals work through emotions, behavior, and thoughts to better their lives and relationships.

Career:  School and Career Counselors Salary: $57,040 Projected Job Growth (2019-2029):  8% About the Position:   School and career counselors help students with social and academic skills that will help them both in and out of the classroom.

Career:  Survey Researchers  Salary: $59,170 Projected Job Growth (2019-2029):  -4% About the Position: Survey researchers use their psychology skills to design surveys, do research, and analyze data in many different industries.

Source: BLS

Pros and Cons of Master’s in Psychology Programs

Psychology offers many specialty areas and subfields that you can choose from. To accommodate the diversity of psychology, many colleges and universities design master’s programs to focus on specialized areas in the field. The most popular psychology programs include:

• Experimental psychology
• Behavioral psychology

The  pros  of obtaining a master’s degree in psychology include:

• Diversity of career paths
• Job opportunities available
• Projected growth of the industry
• The opportunity to help people
• Possibility to earn a good income

The  cons  of obtaining a master’s degree in psychology include:

• Potential stress
• Requirement to work odd hours
• The financial burden of attending school
• The amount of time it takes to obtain a graduate degree 

While a master’s degree in psychology offers many different types of careers, it may also be necessary to obtain a doctorate degree to achieve your career goals. A doctorate degree opens up even more opportunities to practice clinically, earn a higher income, and become an expert in your field. However, it also requires more time in school and the associated costs. 

Courses in Master’s in Psychology Programs

Psychology program curriculum for the master’s level varies significantly based on what program you specialize in.  

However, there are many general core psychology courses that are usually required for all types of psychology programs. These core classes may include:

• Learning and Cognition
• Memory and the Brain
• Organizational Behavior
• Bias, Ethics, and Reasoning
• Group Dynamics
• Multicultural Psychology and Diversity
• Principles of Neuroscience
• Psychological Statistics
• Graduate Research Methods in Psychology

Master’s level degrees are highly associated with research and statistics, and most programs require the completion of a thesis project to graduate.

Skills Learned in a Master’s in Psychology Program

You develop a number of invaluable skills during the course of a master’s degree program that prepare you for a both a successful career in psychology while preparing you to obtain a doctorate degree (if that is included in your career aspirations). 

The vital skills that you learn during your time in a master’s program can include:

• Computer literacy
• Information-finding skills
• Research skills
• Measurement skills
• Environmental awareness
• Interpersonal skills
• Critical thinking
• Problem solving
• Data analysis

How Long Does it Take to Get a Master’s in Psychology Degree?

On average, a master’s degree in psychology program usually takes about 2-3 years to complete. This timeline depends on:

• Whether you study online
• full-time or part-time learning
• Previous education
• Your specialization
• How long it takes to complete your thesis project 

Master’s programs in psychology typically require 60 semester credits depending on area of concentration and program modality.

Master’s in Psychology Degree Specializations

Within the psychology umbrella, there are many specializations and subfields that you can choose to focus on. These subfields all come with different potential careers and outcomes that can open many doors for job opportunities.

Specialization:  Clinical Psychology Description: Clinical psychology is one of the most popular master’s programs in psychology. Students learn how to diagnose and treat people suffering from debilitating mental disorders. This profession typically requires a license and possibly a doctorate degree. Potential Careers: Clinical psychologists are qualified to work in: Mental health settings, Hospitals, Pediatric medical centers, Private practice.

Specialization:  Forensic Psychology Description: This program prepares students to apply restorative justice principles and make an impact in the criminal justice system focusing on substance abuse, gender, race and class issues, PTSD, and mental health disorders. This degree is not license eligible. Potential Careers: Forensic psychologists are qualified to work as: Probation or parole officer, Restorative justice advocate, Victim advocate Correctional facilities, Community-based advocacy groups.

Specialization:  School Psychology Description: School psychologists help to support student learning, and address educational and behavioral issues in the school setting. Potential Careers: School psychologists are qualified to work in: K-12 school settings, Private companies, Mental health agencies, Independent contractors

Specialization:  Child Psychology Description: Child psychologists help children foster mental wellness, academic success, and health development. To be a licensed child psychologist, you need to obtain a doctorate degree. Potential Careers: Child psychologists are qualified to work as: Child and family therapist, School counselors, Program developer, School psychologist 

Specialization:  Behavioral Psychology Description: A behavioral psychology master’s program prepares students to apply psychological theories, methods, approaches, and principals to the real world setting. Potential Careers: Behavioral psychologists are qualified to work as: Marriage and family therapist, Probation officer, Substance abuse counselor, Behavior disorder counselor, Rehabilitation counselor

Specialization:  Industrial/Organizational Psychology Description: This type of psychology program teaches students to apply their skills to the corporate/non-profit/government setting by learning to improve a company’s effectiveness by creating hiring, training, and evaluating systems. Potential Careers: Organizational psychologists are qualified to work as: Human resource specialist, Trainer, Talent Management specialist, Behavior analyst, Research analyst, Consultant 

Applying to Master’s in Psychology Degree Programs

Admissions requirements for master’s in psychology degree programs depend on the type of school, degree, and program modality desired. A bachelor’s degree, letters of recommendation, GRE score, work experience, and prior grades are a few examples of typical application requirements.

There are many resources available to help you find schools, research financial aid packages, and apply to college programs. 

Admission Requirements for Graduate Psychology Programs

Admission requirements for a master’s in psychology degree program typically include:

• Transcripts (usually a minimum 3.0 GPA in undergraduate studies)
• Bachelor’s degree
• In-person interview
• 2-3 Letters of recommendation
• Application fee

Doctoral Degree in Psychology

Time to complete : The amount of time a student needs to complete a doctorate in psychology depends on the type of degree they pursue. Psy.D. programs, which prepare students for more clinical roles, usually take between four and five years to complete. Ph.D. programs, which prepare learners for academic and research positions, usually take between five and seven years to complete.

Required credits : Required credits for a doctorate degree in psychology will vary based on the type of degree and where a student attends. That said, they can usually expect to take between 70-90 credits before graduating.

Sample courses : Child and adolescent development, adult and older adult development, ethics and professional/legal issues, systems of psychotherapy, diversity in assessment and intervention, history and systems of psychology, adult intervention, cognitive and affective bases of behavior, objective personality assessment, child and adolescent intervention, projective personality assessment, and case conceptualization.

Online availability : Many schools provide online doctorates in psychology, both as a Psy.D. and a Ph.D. That said, it's not uncommon for these programs to include several on-site residencies across the length of the degree. These residencies typically last one week or less and require students to participate in in-depth, on-site learning at the university's campus.

A PsyD is a doctoral-level degree in the field of psychology. PsyD programs combine classwork and hands-on training to give graduates a strong knowledge base in the discipline while letting them apply what they’ve learned into supervised practice. Students graduate ready to seek licensure as psychologists and therapists. Earning a doctorate in psychology (PsyD) prepares you for a variety of careers in applied psychology. People who pursue this professional degree typically show interest in working directly with others. 

Psychological services have always been valuable, but demand for them has soared since early 2020. More than 40 percent of respondents in a survey by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported struggling with mental health issues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. The country has an unprecedented need for competent, caring counselors and therapists.

What Can I Do with a Psychology Doctorate?

Earning a PsyD opens up doors to employment in a variety of occupations that help people. Some graduates go into private practice as  psychologists  while others find work at schools, hospitals, mental health facilities, government agencies, and businesses.

PsyD Salaries and Career Outlook

In psychology (and most fields in general), higher education typically translates into higher pay. According to the American Psychological Association (APA), a  new graduate with a PsyD  earns a median yearly income that’s about $15,000 higher than a counterpart graduating with just a master’s degree. 

Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) shows that  median annual pay for psychologists  ranges from a low of $46,270 to a high of more than $137,590. Information collected by Payscale.com notes that some of the highest-paying psychology jobs include:

• Industrial-organizational psychologist ($79,202): Applying psychology to workplace issues
• Sports psychologist ($72,257): Helping athletes overcome problems to improve performance
• Clinical psychologist ($81,384): Helping patients identify and treat mental, behavioral, and emotional issues

The BLS projects the overall  employment of psychologists  to grow 3 percent between 2019-2029. Note, however, that projections are not a guarantee of job growth. Various factors can influence what ultimately happens.

PsyD Career Paths

PsyD recipients use their knowledge and skills in a multitude of careers. Some common options include:

Earning a PsyD

Students graduate from PsyD programs with a strong foundation in psychology and a strong understanding of the importance of observation, testing, and interpreting results. Their knowledge of treatment strategies helps those they work with better understand their behavior and institute changes to improve their lives.

Courses in PsyD Programs

The specific courses someone in a PsyD program takes differs by personal interests and institutional requirements. However, students can anticipate tackling some similar topics in virtually any PsyD program. These include:

• Lifespan development  – This type of class examines different stages of life. Topics might include what is physically and mentally “normal” at various ages, the influence of common life events, and how identity and personality develop over time.
• Psychological testing and assessment  – Students learn about personality assessments and other psychological measurements and how to interpret results.
• Psychotherapy  – Students learn about mental illnesses and emotional difficulties. They build a repertoire of ways to help patients with these conditions through talk therapy and coping strategies.
• Ethics  – What legal and moral codes of conduct exist within applied psychology? 

Skills Learned in a PsyD Program

Students graduate from PsyD programs with a greater understanding of human behavior and mental health. They possess an arsenal of strategies to help those dealing with psychological issues, hone communication skills in order to excel at listening to patients, and convey information to patients. Good observational skills aid in picking up on subtle clues about a client’s thoughts or condition. Graduates also walk away with solid ability to administer and interpret psychological tests.

PsyD vs PhD in Psychology

Students looking to earn a high-level psychology degree have two options:  a PsyD (doctor of psychology) or a PhD (doctor of philosophy) . 

In general, PsyD programs attract individuals interested in pursuing careers in counseling or therapy. Students pursuing a PhD can also seek licensure and go into an applied psychology career. However, psychology PhD programs put a significant emphasis on generating new knowledge through scientific research. Degree-earners often remain in academia as professors and researchers, though businesses and health care organizations may hire them as consultants.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PsyD Degree?

Earning a PsyD degree involves both classwork and practical experience. Finishing the program typically takes 4-6 years (about the same as a PhD in Psychology) and full-time study leads to faster progress than part-time enrollment. You also need to complete a dissertation to earn your PsyD.

Also, students entering with a master’s degree in psychology may possess transferable credit that reduces the number of classes (and time) needed to obtain a PsyD.

PsyD Specializations

The majority of PsyD degrees awarded are in clinical psychology. Recipients frequently go on to careers in clinical psychology or therapy. 

Besides clinical psychology, some places confer PsyD degrees in:

• Organizational psychology
• Marriage and family psychology

Within these areas, students sometimes specialize their studies even further and may focus on a certain age group, such as children or senior citizens. Or, they may concentrate on a specific type of situation, such as counseling trauma victims, addicts, or athletes.

Admission Requirements for PsyD Programs

Depending on where a student applies, the prospective school may ask for:

• An official transcript from undergraduate studies that shows classes taken, GPA, and degree awarded with date
• Proof of any graduate classes completed, internships, certifications, or licenses
• A list of places the student has worked, including dates and duties
• A description of other relevant activities, such as volunteer work or participation in professional associations
• Scores from the GRE Psychology Test 
• 2-3 letters of recommendation that support the candidacy
• Responses to essay prompts
• A personal statement explaining why the student wants to pursue this degree
• Interviews with faculty

Applying to Psychology Doctoral Programs

Acceptance into a Doctoral in Psychology program involves applying to individual institutions. Competition for spots can be substantial, so candidates should apply to several schools in order to increase the chances of getting in. 

Some places are more selective than others and may present harder entrance requirements. Someone who has not completed an undergraduate degree in psychology or a sufficient number of psychology courses will likely need to address this gap before seeking admission.

Admissions Requirements for PsyD and PhD Programs

Depending on where a student applies, the prospective school may ask for the following::

• Official transcripts from past collegiate studies at the undergraduate and graduate level, including classes taken, GPA, and degree(s) awarded with date
• Proof of any internships, certifications, or licenses
• A resume of work history, including dates and duties
• Scores from the GRE and the GRE Psychology Test

Note that some programs look only at candidates who already possess a Master’s Degree in Psychology or a closely related field. Others accept students with a bachelor’s degree into a combined master’s/doctoral program.

What Can I Do with a Degree in Psychology?

What can i do with a master's in psychology.

Individuals who have earned a Master’s in Psychology find their degree a gateway to various types of jobs dealing with people and what influences their behavior. A sample of possible occupations is listed below.

• Substance abuse counselor  – These counselors work with people experiencing problems with alcohol or drug abuse and addiction. They help individuals understand their situation, cope with stress in healthier ways, and rebuild relationships damaged by substance abuse behavior. The  BLS  reports that substance abuse counselors earn a median yearly salary of $47,660.
• Market research analyst  – Companies that want a greater understanding of consumer behavior and how to market products to the public hire market research analysts. They utilize their extensive experience to design and interpret research to find answers about how people think. The  BLS projects  employment of market research analysts to grow an impressive 22% between 2020-2030. In 2020, the median annual salary for the job was $65,810.
• Training and development specialist  – Another career with a strong job outlook is a training and development specialist, which has expected growth of 11% between 2020-2030, according to the  BLS . Organizations employ these professionals to improve the skills and knowledge of their workers. Through surveys, interviews, and consultations with employees and management, they figure out what people need to know to do their jobs and the best ways to obtain this information. Per the BLS, the median annual wage for a training and development specialist in 2020 was $62,700.

What Can I Do with a PhD In Psychology?

The expertise obtained from earning a PhD in Psychology opens doors to a variety of careers. Three sample positions include:

• Professor/researcher  – Many PhDs remain in academia. They teach classes at colleges and junior colleges as well as perform research in their area of interest within the field of psychology. The BLS lists the mean annual wage for postsecondary psychology teachers as $85,050. 6
• Clinical Psychologist  – Clinical psychologists diagnose and treat a variety of mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. Some specialize in certain areas, such as treating depression or eating disorders. Others work with specific populations, such as children or the elderly. The median yearly salary for a clinical psychologist in 2020 was $79,820 per the BLS. 7
• Industrial-Organizational Psychologist  – These professionals apply their knowledge of psychology to the workplace. Companies and governmental organizations hire them to examine issues such as productivity, morale, teamwork, hiring, and organizational development. Their suggestions lead to workplace improvements. The BLS reports the median annual salary for an industrial-organizational psychologist in 2020 as $96,270. 7

Earning an Online Psychology Degree

Technology has changed everything in our lives, and education is no exception. Today’s baccalaureate candidates can choose between an in-person college experience complete with dormitory life, cafeteria food, and access to an immense college library, or an online program pursued from the comfort of their own home. Some schools offer students the opportunity to take both online and in-person courses, which may be ideal for bachelor’s in psychology programs that require participation in laboratories or research projects.

Online master’s of psychology programs are becoming more abundant, and many schools allow students to complete the degree on a part-time or full-time basis. The biggest benefits of online learning include:

• Flexibility and self-paced learning
• Better time management
• Improved virtual and communication and collaboration
• Faster graduation times
• Ability to work from anywhere

However, many students may choose to complete an in-person program for its networking and social aspects.

Students have options on how to go about earning a PsyD. Some choose on-campus studies because they enjoy the social aspect of physically meeting for class or prefer a rigid course structure. Others enjoy the flexibility provided by online studies. Working professionals and individuals with familial commitments often find this route convenient because they can tailor studies around other obligations. Projects, labs, and clinical hours are vital components of PsyD programs. Thus, both online and on-campus students should be prepared to spend some of their time gaining hands-on experience at a variety of locations.

How Long do Online Courses Take to Complete?

Those unsure about attending college in person will find many online options for pursuing a bachelor’s degree in psychology. Programs require 120 credit hours, so it is fair to assume that any program, online or not, will take roughly four years to complete. Some classes are offered live via Blackboard, Canvas, or a similar platform that allows students to interact directly with a teacher and other students, while others may be offered asynchronously, allowing students to access pre-recorded classes at their convenience. In most cases, even fully online programs have some in-person requirements to allow students to collaborate with their peers and participate in laboratories.

On average, an online master’s degree in psychology usually takes about two years to complete. However, this timeline is dependent on if you study full-time or part-time, as well as previous education completed. Master’s degree programs in psychology typically require about 36 credits depending on your area of concentration and program modality. Accelerated programs are also available that allow you to complete the program in as little as one year, but are faced-paced and rigorous. 

Online course length depends on the individual school’s set-up and the pace a given student chooses. PsyD programs typically take 4-6 years to complete. Online courses often suit both students who want to progress at a quick rate as well as those who prefer from some extra time to complete classes. For instance, online programs may follow a quarter system of 10-week increments. During this period, a student could elect to take one course or two.

Psychology Career and Salary Overview

Professionals with psychology degrees are trained in working with the human mind, from researching illnesses to understanding human interaction. They love to help people, but where does that lead them exactly? Does everyone who gets a bachelor’s degree in psychology have to become the next Sigmund Freud? The truth is, there are many careers options for people who hold psychology degrees, and we’ve put together a list of a few of them to help you examine your options.  

Social Work Careers   Social workers are dedicated to helping those who suffer from mental illness. They are employed in hospitals, schools, and many other public institutions. One of the best ways to pursue a career in social work is to earn a Bachelor’s degree in psychology. You’ll learn to analyze human behavior and study how people interact, which is necessary for this career. Keep in mind that you may also need to get a  Maser’s  in social work depending on the state you plan to work in. 

Marriage and Family Therapist Careers   As countless reality shows and sitcoms will show you, family life is not easy. But in the real world, problems can’t be solved by voiceovers and Dr. Phil. Marriage and family therapists are the true heroes in this cause, and a path toward this career can start with a Bachelor’s degree in psychology. These therapists must work with families to understand what is driving them apart and help to solve their problems. You’ll learn this level of analysis  through psychology  degree  proram . Your education path doesn’t end with this Bachelor’s degree, though – you also need to earn a Master’s degree in counseling services in addition to being licensed by the state. 

School Counselor Careers   School counselors are the professionals trusted with helping kids in school, in everything from problems with classmates to issues at home. A Bachelor’s degree in psychology can point you toward a career as a school counselor because you need to now how to work with people and analyze human behavior and interaction. After the Bachelor’s degree, it is also necessary to earn a Master’s degree in counseling services as with most of these careers.  Thank you,

Correctional Treatment Specialist Careers   Convicted offenders require  aide  with their problems so that once they are released, they can become productive members of society. Correctional treatment specialists are in charge of helping incarcerated or recently released individuals reform their behavior, and a Bachelor’s degree in psychology  wioll  provide the training you’ll need to be successful. Experience is also key to this kind of career, so be sure to find relevant opportunities in your educational path. 

Bachelor’s in Psychology Career Resources

It is never too soon to begin thinking about your career, especially if you are passionate about working in psychology or a related field. Here are several organizations you can contact about internships, volunteer opportunities, mentorships, and other career resources:

• The Association for Psychological Science  – This international organization is dedicated to advancing scientific psychology. Several of its members offer official mentoring programs 
• The American Psychological Association  – The   leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States, the APA offers several mentoring programs.
• Learn Psychology  – This organization is dedicated to providing psychology students with the resources they need to pursue their dreams of working in the field of mental health. The organization provides referrals to many internship opportunities.
• Society for Personality and Social Psychology  – This organization offers a compilation of nonacademic internships available to those studying psychology.
• Association for Behavioral Analysis International  – This international organization provides resources for those interested in the philosophy, science, application, and teaching of behavior analysis. 

Master’s in Psychology Career Resources

Professional organizations are a great way to stay up-to-date on current psychology trends as well as a place to seek networking and educational opportunities. Here are a few options:

• American Psychological Association (APA) 
• Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
• Association for Psychological Science (APS)
• National Alliance of Professional Psychology Providers (NAPPP)
• American Psychological Association of Graduate Students (APAGS)  
• Society for General Psychology

Master’s in Psychology Career Paths

Psychology degrees can lead to a range of careers. Some popular career options include the following.

Market Research Analyst

Salary : $65,810

Career Outlook : +22% (2020-2030)

Job Responsibilities : Using their understanding of consumer behavior, market research analysts work with companies to determine how well a particular product or service will sell. They design and conduct surveys, polls, and questionnaires to solicit opinions and data that can better help them understand and forecast marketing and sales behaviors. They gather all of this information and present it to their clients in easily understandable formats such as graphs and tables.

Required Education : Bachelor's degree

Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors

Salary : $47,660

Career Outlook : +23% (2020-2030)

Job Responsibilities : Whether working in nonprofit or governmental settings, these counselors work with those suffering from addictions, mental health disorders, behavioral issues, and other challenges to help them recover from their issues or find ways of modifying behaviors. In addition to evaluating each client and developing individualized treatment plans, these professionals help clients track their progress, connect them with helpful resources and services, and work with family and friends to educate them about the disorders.

Marriage and Family Therapists

Salary : $51,340

Career Outlook : +16% (2020-2030)

Job Responsibilities : As their name suggests, marriage and family therapists work with couples, families, and others in relationships to help them manage issues and sort out problems. They may provide group or one-to-one counseling based on individual needs. In addition to helping clients work through their emotions and reactions to situations and changes, they also guide them through the process of making decisions about how to proceed. Some may also connect their clients to other community-based resources, including support groups.

Required Education : Master's degree

Psychologists

Salary : $82,180

Career Outlook : +8% (2020-2030)

Job Responsibilities: Psychologists work in a variety of settings and perform many different tasks. Those on the clinical side typically work directly with patients, providing services that can include both talk therapy and pharmaceutical therapy. Those working in the research side conduct scientific studies on behaviors to better understand how humans think and why they think certain things. They also conduct observations and interviews to better understand brain disorders resulting in behavioral, emotional, organizational, and/or psychological issues. Some psychologists go the academic route, educating the next generation of practitioners.

Required Education : Doctoral degree

PsyD Career Resources

People enrolled in a PsyD program may find the following organizations helpful to their education and career:

• American Psychological Association – The APA has long been the discipline’s major professional organization in the United States. Its website contains a wealth of information on publications, research, education, current events, and careers.
• Association for Psychological Science – The APS is an international group dedicated to advancing scientific psychology. It is a particularly good source of information on psychological research going on throughout the world. Weekly podcasts keep people abreast of current topics.
• American Counseling Association – Since 1952, the ACA has dedicated itself to the growth and enhancement of the counseling profession. It provides members with connection networks, publications, continuing education, and mental health resources.
• American Academy of Clinical Psychology – This group promotes high standards and ethical practice in clinical psychology. Its website offers a variety of professional resources and continuing education opportunities.
• American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy – The AAMFT represents the professional interests of those practicing marriage and family therapy. Students may find its website particularly helpful for information on COVID-19, racial justice, and other timely topics. Its job connection section shows hundreds of companies hiring in the mental health field.
• The Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards
• The National Board for Certified Counselors
• The Association of Marital and Family Therapy Regulatory Boards
• Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification

Psychology FAQ

Is a psychology degree worth it?

Yes. A master’s in psychology opens a lot of doors for career advancement and an increase in income. It is also a necessary stepping stone for those that want to obtain a doctorate degree in the field of psychology. Psychology degrees can definitely be worth it to students who want to work in this arena. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, jobs for psychologists are projected to grow by 8% between 2020-2030.

What is the best degree to get in psychology?

No one can work as a psychologist without earning a doctorate degree and state licensure, but plenty of jobs can be found for those with bachelor's or master's degrees in psychology.

Is psychology a 4-year degree?

A bachelor's degree in psychology typically requires students to commit to four years of full-time study to earn their diploma.

What can you do with a bachelor's degree in psychology?

Graduates of a bachelor's degree in psychology can find work as psychiatric/psychological technicians, market research analysts, and other non-clinical roles focused on human behavior.

What can you do with a bachelor’s in psychology?

A bachelor’s degree in psychology allows students to be successful in non-related fields such as human resources, marketing, or any field involving human engagement and behavior. It also prepares students interested in a career as a psychology professional to pursue the advanced degrees necessary for licensure.

Is a BA in psychology worth it?

Individuals who graduate with a BA in psychology are well prepared for positions involving any type of engagement with the public, and particularly for those requiring a depth of understanding of human behavior. They also graduate with extensive research and critical thinking skills that are highly valued by employers.

What’s the difference between a BA in psychology and a BS in psychology?

While both degrees provide the same foundational lessons, students enrolled in BA programs are required to take general education courses in the humanities, while those in BS programs focus more heavily on statistics, mathematics, and science-oriented classes.

How much can I make with a bachelor’s in psychology degree?

A bachelor’s in psychology degree prepares you for a wide range of career choices, and your earnings potential is only limited by your personal goals. Many people who graduate with this degree earn well over $115,000 per year, while others earn starting salaries of about $50,000.

What can I do with a master’s in psychology?

• Psychology is a diverse field with an abundance of career opportunities for those holding a master’s degree including counseling, school psychology, law enforcement, social work, legal and public policy, veteran counseling, etc.

Is a master’s in psychology hard?

Obtaining a master’s degree is challenging and time-consuming and students can expect to work hard. The hard work is rewarding and the skills and knowledge you obtain will last a lifetime. 

Can you be a psychologist with a master’s?

You can pursue a career as a therapist or counselor with a master’s degree. However, in order to become a licensed psychologist, you need to obtain a doctorate degree.

Is a PsyD or PhD better? Is a PsyD a doctor?

Someone possessing a PsyD is not a medical doctor. Rather, a PsyD is a Doctor of Psychology. In recognition of the expertise obtained from completing this rigorous course of study, holders of a PsyD are entitled to use the title “Doctor” if they so choose.

Is a PsyD or PhD better?

One isn’t better than the other, just different. Thus, the answer depends on individual interests and career aspirations. PhD programs focus heavily on research and often lead to working in an academic setting or in consulting. PsyD studies concentrate on applied aspects of psychology. Graduates generally work directly with patients.

What’s the difference between a PsyD and PhD?

Both are respected degrees in psychology. Students interested in providing psychological services often pursue a PsyD (doctor of psychology). Individuals looking to generate new knowledge through scientific research or who want to teach psychology at the post-secondary level frequently choose a PhD (doctor of philosophy) program. Both programs can prepare students to become licensed psychologists.

Is a PsyD easier than PhD?

• Both degrees take a significant amount of time and commitment to complete. PsyD programs run 4-6 years, while PhD studies generally take 5-7. Completing an internship or other type of hands-on experience is a vital part of both. Likewise, both programs culminate in a doctoral project or dissertation. Whether one is “easier” than the other depends on the individual institution’s requirements and on what students themselves find difficult.

Is a PhD in Psychology a doctor?

Someone possessing a PhD is not a medical doctor. A PhD is a doctor of philosophy. In recognition of the expertise obtained from completing this rigorous course of study, holders of a PhD are entitled to use the title “Doctor” if they so choose.

Is a MS or PhD in Psychology better?

One isn’t better than the other, just different. Which degree to pursue depends on individual interests and career aspirations. Aspiring therapists and counselors often choose a master’s program. Those wishing to become licensed psychologists must complete a doctoral program. Also, PhD programs focus heavily on research and often lead to working in an academic setting or consulting.

What careers can I have with a psychology graduate degree?

Some career options for people who earn a graduate degree in psychology include marriage and family therapist, mental health counselor, substance abuse counselor, counseling psychologist, researcher, and psychology professor.

Can a PhD write prescriptions?

A person holding a PhD in psychology is not a medical doctor and usually cannot write prescriptions. A few states do allow psychologists with training in psychopharmacology to prescribe a limited number of psychiatric medications. The majority of prescriptions, however, are written out by psychiatrists since they are MDs.

List of all Psychology colleges in the U.S.

Article sources.

• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm
• https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.waldenu.edu/online-masters-programs/ms-in-psychology/resource/what-can-you-do-with-a-masters-in-psychology&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1616695369128000&usg=AOvVaw0P5FuHU_SrAjCO4DxRZDpG
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm#tab-5
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/marriage-and-family-therapists.htm
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/school-and-career-counselors.htm
• https://wagner.edu/psychology/skills/
• https://hnu.edu/programs/forensic-psychology/
• https://www.ed.gov/
• https://www.commonapp.org/
• https://studentaid.gov/understand-aid/types/grants/pell
• https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/loan-repayment/nhsc-loan-repayment-program.html
• https://www.nasponline.org/msp
• https://www.najanet.org/naja-scholarship/
• https://www.apa.org/about/awards/filipino-american-scholarship
• https://www.apadivisions.org/division-36/awards/student?tab=2
• https://www.apa.org/apf/funding/cogdop
• https://psychology.nova.edu/common-pdf/students/scholarships-rose.pdf
• https://www.eduinreview.com/scholarships/arnold-horowitz-endowed-memorial-award-130376
• https://www.goarmy.com/amedd/education/hpsp.html
• https://www.apa.org/
• https://www.siop.org/
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• http://www.nappp.org/index.html
• https://www.apa.org/apags/
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• American Psychological Association
• Psychology Today
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• U.S. News & World Report
• Business Insider
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/marriage-and-family-therapists.htm#tab-1
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/psychologists.htm#tab-1
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/substance-abuse-behavioral-disorder-and-mental-health-counselors.htm#tab-1
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/business-and-financial/market-research-analysts.htm
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/business-and-financial/training-and-development-specialists.htm
• https://www.bls.gov/oes/2017/may/oes251066.htm
• https://www.accreditation.apa.org/accredited-programs

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Ph.D. Clinical Psychology

Ut tyler psychology and counseling, ph.d. clinical psychology (underserved populations), program brochure.

Program Objectives and Goals                                            

The Ph.D. program in clinical psychology at the University of Texas at Tyler is a scientist-practitioner based program which provides high quality academic, research, and clinical training with under-served populations.  Our focus is on training students to work with veterans, in rural mental health settings, and in geropsychology.   Training in cultural diversity issues is infused throughout the curriculum.  Students will receive additional courses and clinical training in these 3 emphasis areas during their time in the program.   Students are mentored by clinical faculty in research and provide supervision of their clinical work along the way.  A thesis and dissertation are required.  Clinical training is provided in our on-campus clinic and in a number of agencies in the East Texas area.  Students receive a stipend /financial aid package that allows them to focus on their academic and professional goals and involve research and teaching activities.   Upon completion of our program, students will be able to become licensed psychologists and work in a variety of academic, medical, or clinical settings.   Since we are a new Ph.D. program, we are in the process of seeking contingent accreditation from APA.  Our program objectives are as follows: 

• Program graduates are trained as scientist-practitioners who have a diverse knowledge of the scientific and behavioral foundations of psychology.
• Program graduates are capable of developing, conducting, and reporting research knowledge through their own program of independent research.
• Program graduates are competent to assess, diagnose, and treat psychological disorders using evidence based practices.
• Program graduates are trained in ethics, diversity issues, and professional issues related to clinical practice and research.
• Program graduates have additional clinical and research training in underserved populations such as with military veterans, older adults, and persons in rural settings.

Our program values diversity with respect to gender, ethnicity, age, religious beliefs, and/or sexual orientation. We do not discriminate based on these factors regarding program admission or completion.

Questions can be directed to Ceselie Tobin, MS, LPC graduate admissions advisor, or Dr. Dennis Combs , director.

IMPORTANT UPDATE:  All admissions materials are due by January 15th, 2024 for the Fall 2024 cohort.

Frequently Asked Questions Residency Requirement

The UT Tyler Clinical Psychology PhD program is designed as a full-time, five-year program, including four years on campus and an off-site, doctoral internship year.  It may take students an average of between 5-6 years to complete our program to allow for additional clinical training experiences and to make progress on dissertation requirements prior to the doctoral internship.   The program requires a minimum of 3 full-time academic years of graduate study, at least 2 of which is completed in this program, and requires 1 year in full-time in residence.  The PhD degree is awarded after all program requirements are completed and conferred after completion of the doctoral internship.

Program Format 

The PhD program in Clinical Psychology is designed to be an in-person, face to face program.  We are not a fully on-line program and students must attend the program and classes in person.  In our program, the format for classes can vary by instructor which includes face to face, hybrid, and online formats.  We value in person learning as it provides for enhanced training and mentorship and results in a better student community.  Faculty can teach classes in different formats based on their needs and availability.   Practicum training is done in person with some provision for telesupervision and telehealth methods.  Teaching involves lectures, clinical and case examples, discussions, and electronically delivered methods to enhance learning. 

9 Highest Paying Jobs With a Psychology Degree

Author: University of North Dakota May 28, 2024

Psychologists play a crucial role in improving lives, whether they're helping someone navigate significant life changes or supporting those battling chronic mental health conditions.

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Despite the noble nature of this profession, those pursuing a career in psychology are also compensated for their vital contributions to society and individual well-being.

Indeed, not all psychology roles are created equal in terms of monetary rewards. If you're curious about which positions top the financial spectrum, continue reading as we explore the highest paying jobs with a psychology degree and see whether your area of interest aligns with these lucrative career opportunities.

9 Highest Paying Psychology Jobs

Education in psychology typically starts with obtaining a bachelor's degree in psychology. However, this field's actual depth and specialization come at the graduate level, where students can pursue various specialized roles through master's and doctoral programs. 

In the following sections, we will explore ten of the highest paying psychology jobs, detailing what each role entails, the necessary education requirements, and, of course, the potential salaries associated with each position.

1. Neuropsychologist

Neuropsychologists specialize in the relationship between the physical brain and behavior. They diagnose and treat individuals with neurological, medical, or neurodevelopmental disorders that affect cognitive functions and behaviors. Their expertise is often critical in diagnosing conditions that affect memory, language, attention, and problem-solving abilities. 

Neuropsychologists perform detailed assessments to understand brain functioning and guide treatment plans for rehabilitation from brain injuries or management of brain diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.

Salary: $122,928 per year

Education Requirements: Ph.D. or Psy.D. in neuropsychology or clinical neuropsychology, followed by a postdoctoral residency.

2. Health Psychologist

Health psychologists explore the psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness, and healthcare. They strive to understand how to promote health and improve healthcare systems by researching how individuals respond to and cope with illness. 

Health psychologists tend to work in medical settings, academia, public health organizations, or private practice, with the aim to integrate psychological treatment into medical and social care.

Salary: $120,811 per year

Education Requirements: Ph.D. or Psy.D. in health psychology, often with a clinical focus; licensure required.

3. Industrial-Organizational Psychologist

Industrial-organizational psychologists apply psychological theories and research methods to solve workplace problems and improve the quality of work life. They study workplace productivity and management styles and work closely with human resources to develop programs that enhance work performance and employee satisfaction. 

Their work may include conducting employee training, developing assessment methods for personnel selection and placement, planning organizational restructuring, and helping organizations manage change during mergers or downsizing.

Salary: $120,524 per year

Education Requirements: Master's or Ph.D. in industrial-organizational psychology.

4. Clinical Psychologist

Clinical psychologists are one of the most common group of psychologists. They treat a wide range of mental health issues across different population groups. Clinical psychologists employ various psychotherapeutic methods and psychological tests to understand and treat psychological problems and behavioral dysfunctions.

In addition to providing psychotherapy, they may conduct scientific studies, develop treatment plans, and offer psychoeducation to help individuals manage chronic health conditions. While they are not allowed to prescribe medications, in some states such as Louisiana and New Mexico they can do so after they obtain certain licenses. 

Salary: $109,894 per year

Education Requirements: Ph.D. in clinical psychology , including internships and residencies; licensure required.

5. General/Experimental Psychology

General or Experimental Psychologists primarily engage in research and theory testing to understand how and why humans and animals behave the way they do. They might explore fundamental processes like learning, sensory perception, motivation, and emotion in various environments. 

Their work often contributes to developing new knowledge that can be applied to improving educational, technological, and healthcare strategies. These psychologists typically work in university settings, private research organizations, or government agencies, contributing to a broad understanding of behavioral science.

Salary: $92,813 per year

Education Requirements:   Ph.D. in general/experimental psychology .

6. Engineering Psychologist

Engineering psychologists focus on optimizing human capabilities by designing user-friendly systems and devices. By applying psychological science to the design of products such as computer interfaces, cars, and medical equipment, they improve usability, increase productivity, and minimize error. 

Their work may involve conducting user experience research to understand how improvements in product design can enhance safety and overall user satisfaction in various technological applications. 

Education Requirements: Master's degree or Ph.D. in engineering psychology.

7. School Psychologist

School psychologists work in educational settings, addressing students' social, emotional, academic, and psychological needs. They collaborate with teachers, parents, and administrators to create safe, healthy, and supportive learning environments. 

These psychologists assess and counsel students, manage behavior, support learning, and work on intervention strategies for students with special needs. They also help with crisis management and evaluate programs that teach students with learning and behavioral problems.

Education Requirements: Advanced degree in school psychology, typically an Ed.S. (Educational Specialist) or Ph.D./Psy.D., along with state certification or licensure.

8. Forensic Psychologist

Forensic Psychologists blend psychology with the legal system, assessing individuals involved in legal proceedings and providing expert psychological evaluations. They may work on child custody disputes, insurance claims, and lawsuits to assess psychological harm or criminal cases to evaluate mental competency or criminal responsibility.

Forensic psychologists are also involved in designing correctional programs, profiling criminal behavior, and understanding the psychological problems associated with criminal behavior. 

Salary: $87,877 per year

Education Requirements: Ph.D. or Psy.D. in forensic psychology; additional certification in forensic psychology may be required for court work. Certain states will allow graduates with only a master's in forensic psychology to practice but under the supervision of a psychologist with a doctoral-level degree.

9. Counseling Psychologist

Counseling Psychologists specialize in helping individuals improve their personal and interpersonal functioning throughout their lives. They place particular emphasis on addressing emotional, social, vocational, educational, health-related, developmental, and organizational concerns. 

Counseling psychologists may work with individuals, families, groups, or couples to improve their well-being, alleviate distress and maladjustment, and resolve crises. Additionally, they might participate in research and teaching related to counselor training.

Salary: $83,804 per year

Education Requirements: Master's or Ph.D. in counseling psychology ; licensure required.

Factors That Influence Your Salary

The salary of professionals with a psychology degree can vary significantly based on several factors. First, geographic location plays a crucial role, as demonstrated by the disparities in average annual salaries across different states . For instance, in Oregon, Alaska, and North Dakota, psychologists enjoy some of the highest average salaries in the United States, with figures nearing or surpassing $176,000.

In contrast, states like West Virginia and Florida offer much lower average salaries, around $111,019 and $106,610, respectively. Additionally, salaries can vary within states, highlighting the influence of location even further.

Education level and years of experience also heavily influence earning potential in psychology. Higher educational qualifications and extensive experience enhance a professional's expertise and credibility as well as open up opportunities for advancement into leadership or specialized roles, which typically offer higher compensation.

For example, professionals with a doctoral degree or those who have completed specialized training and certifications are often considered for more senior positions, which command higher salaries.

Moreover, as we've seen, specialization within psychology affects salary prospects. Different areas of practice and expertise come with varying demands and remuneration. Clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, and industrial-organizational psychologists, among others, tend to earn higher salaries compared to those in more general roles. This variance is due to the specialized skills and knowledge required in these fields, the complexity of the cases handled, and the direct impact these roles have on organizational performance or individual health outcomes.

Choosing a career that not only sparks your interest but also provides immense satisfaction through its impact is crucial. However, the financial aspects also play a vital role, as they support your own life and future aspirations.

At UND, the Department of Psychology, with over a century of academic excellence , is fully equipped to support you on your journey to becoming a professional in the field. After all, understanding the power of the mind can unlock the potential of the future.

How do I decide which specialization within psychology is right for me? ( Open this section)

To decide which psychology specialization fits you, it’s best to explore your interests in different areas of psychology by taking a variety of courses, as well as considering what issues you are passionate about solving. At the same time, engaging in internships or volunteer work can also provide practical insights that help solidify your decision.

What is the job outlook for psychologists in the current market? ( Open this section)

The job outlook for psychologists is promising, with an expected growth rate of 6% for the 2022 - 2023 period, with about 12,000 new job openings every year. The growth is about as fast as the average for all occupations, mainly driven by increased demand for psychological services in various settings, including schools, hospitals, and social services.

What skills are important for success in psychology careers? ( Open this section)

Key skills for success in psychology include strong analytical thinking, exceptional communication abilities, empathy, patience, and problem-solving skills. Other valuable skills in the profession are the he capacity to handle complex data and a deep understanding of human behavior.

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The Many Benefits of Studying Psychology

How and why an understanding of psychology can be essential for anyone..

Posted May 18, 2024 | Reviewed by Ray Parker

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• Understanding the scientific method helps to make more informed decisions.
• Studying psychology helps better understand relationships in the home and at work.
• Contrary to popular belief, psychology can be a very employable college degree.

Even though psychology is one of the most popular undergraduate majors, many people question the benefits of a psychology degree. This is partially due to the fact that a career in the field of psychology typically requires a graduate degree. Yet, I am going to argue that there are many benefits to studying psychology that are beyond simply finding a rewarding career. Here are several:

A Good Understanding of the Scientific Method

Psychology provides a good grounding in the scientific method. Being a social science, psychology teaches us that rather than operating on our hunches or our own biased experiences, it is important to look for objective evidence to gain a better understanding. Psychology students learn that science strives to make informed decisions but also acknowledges that science is not “black and white” thinking. The scientific method relies on the ”best possible evidence,” meaning that as new evidence is gathered, conclusions may change.

We saw this at play during the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccine skepticism. Rather than relying on the best possible evidence of the vaccine’s effectiveness in preventing serious illness and death, skeptics relied more on biased information from uninformed sources or from their own observed (non-scientific) experiences.

Critical Thinking

A great deal of psychological content, and the methods taught and used by psychologists, focus on how to think critically. Critical thinking is considered to be essential to being an educated person. These critical thinking skills can benefit a variety of careers in business, law, and other professions.

Understanding of Relationships and Psychological Well-Being

Although studying psychology doesn’t necessarily make you psychologically healthier any more than studying medicine makes you physically healthy, psychology majors do have this knowledge at their fingertips and should be more aware of the fact that good interpersonal and family relationships require attention and hard work. Psychology also tells us that when we are having difficulties in relationships or in coping with life, it is important to seek out professional help and counseling.

A Better Understanding of Workplace Dynamics

Studying psychology, particularly the area of industrial/organizational psychology provides insights into the world of work. Knowledge of psychology can lead to improved work relationships, and it can benefit professionally, as well. A knowledge of human behavior is one of the "selling points" for psych majors when it comes to gaining employment, and a knowledge of basic psychology makes you a more effective supervisor/manager

Improved Employability

Contrary to popular belief, psychology is a very good general major for careers in law, social services, education , business, and many other occupations. The trick is knowing how to “sell” your psychology degree and background to a potential employer (the employer may hold to stereotypes that psychology is an "empty" major without real skills). However, savvy employers (and savvy job applicants) know that an understanding of human behavior is essential to success in the workplace.

Ronald E. Riggio, Ph.D. , is the Henry R. Kravis Professor of Leadership and Organizational Psychology at Claremont McKenna College.

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