mass tourism essay

Mass Tourism: History, Types, Advantages & Disadvantages, Destinations and Its Impacts

Mass tourism is a form of tourism that involves the movement of large numbers of people to popular holiday destinations. It is often associated with package holidays, all-inclusive resorts, and organized tours. Mass tourism aims to provide travellers with a hassle-free vacation experience, where everything from transportation to accommodation and activities is planned and delivered by a single operator.

While mass tourism has been a boon for many destinations, it has also been criticized for its negative impact on local cultures, economies, and environments. The sheer number of tourists can overwhelm local infrastructure and resources, leading to overcrowding, pollution, and strain on natural resources. In addition, mass tourism can also lead to the commodification of local cultures, where traditional practices and customs are adapted to suit the needs and expectations of tourists. This can result in the loss of cultural authenticity and homogenization of local cultures.

Despite its drawbacks, mass tourism remains a popular form of travel for many people. It offers convenience, affordability, and the opportunity to visit popular destinations without worrying about the logistics of planning a trip. However, it is essential to consider the impact of mass tourism on local communities and the environment and to make responsible travel choices whenever possible.

Table of Contents

History of mass tourism.

Mass tourism has a long and exciting history from the 19th century. The growth of leisure travel and its importance resulted from increased spending power, personal mobility, the development of public transport, and internationalization in modern communities.

Mass tourism began in 1851 when Thomas Cook led a mass of tourists to the Great Exhibition in London. A British entrepreneur, Cook is the father of modern tourism. He organized the first package tour , which involved people travelling together on a pre-planned itinerary. Cook’s innovation made travel affordable and accessible to the masses and quickly became popular.

The introduction of paid holidays in the early 20th century further fueled the growth of mass tourism. Workers were given time off from work to travel and explore new destinations. The concept of paid holidays was first introduced in the UK in 1938, and it quickly spread to other parts of the world. This increased the number of people travelling, creating a new market for the tourism industry .

The post-World War II period saw a significant increase in mass tourism. The airline industry’s growth , the development of new destinations, and the introduction of new technologies, such as the jet engine, made travel faster, cheaper, and more comfortable. This led to an explosion in the number of people travelling, creating a new industry that catered explicitly to mass tourism.

In conclusion, mass tourism has a rich and fascinating history that dates back to the 19th century. The growth of leisure travel, the introduction of paid holidays, and the development of new technologies have all contributed to the growth of mass tourism. Today, mass tourism is a significant industry that generates billions of dollars in revenue and employs millions worldwide.

Types of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism refers to the movement of a large number of organized tourists to popular holiday destinations for recreational purposes. It is a phenomenon which is characterized by the use of standardized package products and mass consumption. Here are some types of mass tourism:

• Cultural Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves visiting historical and cultural sites, museums, art galleries, and other places of cultural significance. Cultural tourism is popular among tourists who want to learn about a particular region or country’s history, traditions, and customs.
• Adventure Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves activities such as trekking, hiking, mountaineering, rock climbing, and other outdoor activities. Adventure tourism is popular among tourists seeking excitement and thrill during their holidays.
• Beach Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves visiting coastal areas, beaches, and islands. Beach tourism is popular among tourists who want to relax, sunbathe, swim, and engage in water sports.
• Ecotourism : This type of mass tourism involves visiting natural areas, wildlife reserves, and national parks. Ecotourism is popular among tourists who want to experience nature, observe wildlife, and learn about conservation efforts.
• Medical Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves travelling to another country for medical treatment. Medical tourism is popular among tourists who want to access medical treatments that are not available in their home country or are too expensive.
• Sports Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves travelling to attend or participate in sports events such as football matches, cricket matches, tennis tournaments, and other sporting events.
• Cruise Tourism : This type of mass tourism involves travelling on a cruise ship to visit multiple destinations. Cruise tourism is popular among tourists who want to relax, socialize, and enjoy onboard entertainment while visiting various destinations.

Mass tourism has positive and negative impacts on the environment, economy, and society. It is important to manage mass tourism sustainably and responsibly to minimize its negative effects and maximize its benefits.

Advantages of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism has several advantages, making it an essential part of the tourism industry. Here are some of the benefits of mass tourism:

Boosts Local Economy

Mass tourism can significantly boost the local economy of a tourist destination. It generates much revenue for local businesses, such as hotels , restaurants, and souvenir shops. This, in turn, creates job opportunities for the locals and helps improve their living standards. Mass tourism can also contribute to infrastructure development, such as roads, airports, and public transportation, which can benefit the local community even after the tourists have left.

Increases Cultural Exchange

Mass tourism can increase cultural exchange between tourists and locals. Tourists can learn about the local customs, traditions, and way of life, while locals can learn about the visitors’ culture. This cultural exchange can help to promote understanding and tolerance between different cultures and can also help to preserve the local culture by promoting it to a wider audience.

Provides Affordable Travel Options

Mass tourism provides affordable travel options for people who may not have the means to travel otherwise. The package deals offered by mass tourism companies can be significantly cheaper than individual travel arrangements. This makes travel more accessible to a wider range of people, including those on a budget.

Supports Conservation Efforts

Mass tourism can also support conservation efforts in tourist destinations. The revenue generated by mass tourism can be used to fund conservation projects, such as wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. This can help preserve the destination’s natural beauty and protect it for future generations.

Mass tourism has several advantages, making it an important part of the tourism industry. It can boost the local economy, increase cultural exchange, provide affordable travel options, and support conservation efforts. However, it is important to balance the advantages of mass tourism with its potential negative impacts, such as overcrowding, environmental degradation, and cultural homogenization.

Disadvantages of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism has become increasingly popular in recent years but has drawbacks. Here are some of the disadvantages of mass tourism:

1. Environmental Impact

One of the most significant disadvantages of mass tourism is the environmental impact. Mass tourism can lead to pollution, degradation of natural resources, and damage to ecosystems. The large number of tourists can put a strain on local resources, such as water and energy, and contribute to climate change.

2. Overcrowding

Mass tourism can lead to overcrowding in popular tourist destinations, which can cause inconvenience and discomfort for tourists and locals. Overcrowding can also lead to safety concerns and increase the risk of accidents and incidents.

3. Cultural Impact

Mass tourism can have a negative impact on local cultures and traditions. The influx of tourists can lead to a loss of cultural authenticity and homogenization of local cultures. This can also lead to losing traditional ways of life and displacement of local residents.

4. Economic Impact

While mass tourism can bring economic benefits to a destination, it can also have negative economic impacts. The reliance on tourism can lead to an unstable economy, and the profits from tourism may not benefit local communities. In some cases, tourism can also lead to inflation and increased living costs for locals.

5. Sustainability

Mass tourism is often unsustainable in the long term. The strain on local resources and ecosystems can lead to irreversible damage, and focusing on short-term profits can lead to neglecting long-term sustainability goals.

While mass tourism can bring economic benefits and opportunities for travellers, it is essential to consider its negative impacts on the environment, local communities, and cultures.

Mass Tourism Destinations

Mass tourism has become popular for people to explore new destinations and experience different cultures. The most popular mass tourism destinations include beaches, mountains, national parks, and historical sites. Here are some examples of popular mass tourism destinations:

Beaches are a popular destination for mass tourism. Some popular beaches include Goa in India, Santorini in Greece, and the Harbor Islands in Boston. These destinations offer beautiful beaches, crystal clear waters, and a variety of activities for tourists to enjoy.

Mountains are another popular destination for mass tourism. Central Massachusetts and the Greater Merrimack Valley are popular destinations for tourists who want to experience the beauty of the mountains. These destinations offer breathtaking views, hiking trails, and other outdoor activities.

National Parks

National parks are also popular destinations for mass tourism. Cape Cod National Seashore is a popular destination for tourists who want to explore the area’s natural beauty. The park offers hiking trails, beaches, and other outdoor activities.

Historical Sites

Historical sites are also popular destinations for mass tourism. The Pyramids of Giza in Egypt and the North of Boston are popular destinations for tourists who want to explore the history of the area. These destinations offer a glimpse into the past and a chance to learn about different cultures.

Overall, there are many popular mass tourism destinations for tourists to explore. Whether you are looking for a beach vacation, a mountain retreat, or a chance to explore historical sites, there is something for everyone.

Impact on Local Communities

Mass tourism significantly impacts local communities, and the effects can be positive and negative. While tourism can bring economic benefits to a region, it can also negatively impact the local culture, jobs, infrastructure, local businesses, gentrification, and over-tourism.

One of mass tourism’s most significant negative impacts on local communities is the erosion of local culture. As more tourists flock to a destination, the local culture can become homogenized, and the unique traditions and ways of life can be lost. This can lead to a loss of identity for the local community and a decline in cultural heritage.

Another negative impact of mass tourism is the effect on jobs. While tourism can create jobs in the hospitality and service industries, it can also lead to a decline in traditional industries. For example, in some regions, farming and fishing have been replaced by tourism, leading to a loss of traditional jobs and a decline in local economies.

Infrastructure can also be negatively impacted by mass tourism. As more tourists visit an area, the demand for infrastructure such as roads, airports, and hotels increases. This can lead to overcrowding, traffic congestion, and strain on local resources.

Local businesses can also be impacted by mass tourism. While some businesses may benefit from increased tourism, others may struggle to compete with larger international chains. This can lead to a decline in local businesses and a loss of economic diversity in the region.

Gentrification is another issue that can arise from mass tourism. As more tourists visit an area, property prices can rise, leading to the displacement of local residents. This can lead to social and economic inequality, as the local community is pushed out of its own neighbourhood.

Finally, mass tourism is a growing concern in many popular tourist destinations. When the number of tourists visiting a destination exceeds the region’s carrying capacity, it can lead to overcrowding, environmental degradation, and a decline in the quality of life for local residents.

In conclusion, while mass tourism can bring economic benefits to a region, it is essential to consider the impact on local communities. The negative impacts of mass tourism can be significant, and it is crucial to find a balance between economic growth and sustainable tourism practices.

Economic Aspects of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism can have a significant impact on the economy of a destination. It can generate income and create employment opportunities, but it can also put a strain on resources and infrastructure.

One of the main benefits of mass tourism is the income it generates for local economies. Tourists spend money on accommodation, food, transportation, and activities, which can contribute to the local economy. According to a report by the Massachusetts Office of Travel and Tourism, travel expenditures in Massachusetts in 2018 generated over $24 billion in direct spending, which supported over 150,000 jobs and generated $1.6 billion in state and local taxes.

However, mass tourism can also put a strain on resources and infrastructure. Popular tourist destinations may struggle to accommodate the influx of visitors during peak season, leading to overcrowding and strain on local resources such as water and energy. Additionally, the increased demand for goods and services can drive up prices, making it harder for locals to afford basic necessities.

Another economic aspect of mass tourism is profit. Large tourism companies may benefit from the high volume of tourists by making significant profits. However, smaller local businesses may struggle to compete with larger companies, leading to a concentration of wealth in the hands of a few.

Overall, the economic impact of mass tourism is complex and multifaceted. While it can generate income and create employment opportunities, it can also strain resources and infrastructure and concentrate wealth in the hands of a few.

Tourist Behavior and Expectations

Tourist behaviour and expectations play a crucial role in the mass tourism industry. Tourists are individuals who travel to different places for leisure, business, or other purposes. They have certain expectations and requirements from their travel experience, which can influence their behaviour during their stay.

One of the primary expectations of tourists is to have a comfortable and enjoyable experience. They expect high-quality accommodations, transportation, food, and entertainment options. Tourists also expect to be treated with respect and hospitality by the locals and the service providers. They want to feel welcomed and appreciated during their stay.

Another important aspect of tourist behaviour is their spending habits. Tourists tend to spend significant money on their travel, which can boost the local economy. However, they also expect value for their money and are likely to avoid places that are overpriced or do not meet their expectations.

Family tourists are a significant segment of the mass tourism industry. They have unique expectations and requirements, such as child-friendly accommodations, entertainment options, and safety measures. Family tourists also tend to plan their trips well in advance and are likely to choose destinations that offer a variety of activities for all members of the family.

Responsible tourism is another emerging trend in the mass tourism industry. Responsible tourists are conscious of their impact on the environment and the local communities. They expect the destinations and service providers to follow sustainable practices and reduce their carbon footprint. Responsible tourists will likely choose eco-friendly accommodations, participate in local conservation efforts, and support local businesses.

Overall, understanding tourist behaviour and expectations is essential for the success of the mass tourism industry. Service providers and destinations that meet and exceed these expectations will likely attract more visitors and generate higher revenues.

Role of Media and Internet

The role of media and the internet has greatly influenced the rise of mass tourism. With the advent of social media platforms such as Instagram, travellers are constantly exposed to images of exotic destinations and experiences, which can influence their travel decisions. In fact, a study suggests that social media has a significant impact on tourists’ choices of travel components, with most studies focusing on the impact of social media on behavioural intention.

The media has also played a vital role in promoting tourism, especially in countries where tourism is a major source of revenue. The media is often used to showcase a destination’s natural beauty, culture, and attractions, which can attract tourists. For example, television shows such as Anthony Bourdain’s “Parts Unknown” and Samantha Brown’s “Places to Love” have helped to promote off-the-beaten-path destinations to a wider audience.

The internet has also revolutionized the way people plan and book their travel. Travellers can now easily research and book flights, accommodations, and activities through online travel agencies and booking platforms. This has led to increased independent travel, where travellers can plan their own itineraries and customize their travel experiences.

However, the internet has also brought about challenges for the tourism industry. With the ease of access to information, travellers are now more aware of the negative impacts of tourism, such as overcrowding, environmental degradation, and cultural commodification. This has led to a rise in sustainable and responsible tourism practices, where travellers seek to minimize their impact on the environment and local communities.

Overall, the role of media and the Internet in mass tourism cannot be overstated. While it has brought about challenges, it has also opened up new opportunities for travellers to explore the world and for destinations to promote themselves to a wider audience.

Tour Operators and Travel Agents

Tour operators and travel agents play a significant role in mass tourism. They are intermediaries between the tourists and the service providers, such as hotels, airlines, and transportation companies. Their main function is to package and sell tours to holiday destinations, including flights, accommodation, and other services.

Travel agents are professionals who provide travel-related services to clients. They offer advice on travel destinations, make reservations for flights, hotels, and other services, and provide information on travel insurance, visas, and other travel-related documents. They earn a commission from the service providers for the services they sell.

On the other hand, tour operators specialize in organizing and selling packaged tours to holiday destinations. They create tour packages that include transportation, accommodation, meals, and other services. They work with travel agents to sell their tour packages to clients. Tour operators profit by buying services from service providers at a discounted rate and selling them to clients at a higher price.

Mass tourism has led to the growth of travel agents and tour operators. They have become essential players in the tourism industry, providing clients with a wide range of services. They have also contributed to the growth of the tourism industry by promoting tourism destinations and creating new tourism products.

One of the main advantages of using travel agents and tour operators is convenience. They provide a one-stop shop for all travel-related services, making it easy for clients to plan their holidays. They also offer expert advice on travel destinations and provide assistance in case of any problems during the trip.

However, there are also some disadvantages to using travel agents and tour operators. One of the main disadvantages is the cost. Travel agents and tour operators charge a commission for their services, which can add up to a significant amount. Moreover, some travel agents and tour operators may not provide accurate information or may misrepresent the services they offer.

In conclusion, travel agents and tour operators are essential players in the mass tourism industry. They provide clients with a wide range of services, including packaged tours, flights, accommodation, and other travel-related services. While they offer convenience and expert advice, they also have disadvantages, such as cost and potential misrepresentation of services.

Environmental Concerns

Mass tourism has been associated with a wide range of environmental concerns. One of the most significant environmental concerns is the impact of tourism on the natural environment. The increase in tourist activities has resulted in a higher demand for natural resources, such as water, energy, and land. This has led to the degradation of natural habitats, deforestation, and soil erosion in some areas.

Another environmental concern is the amount of waste generated by mass tourism. Tourists generate significant waste, including plastic bottles, food packaging, and disposable items. This waste often ends up in landfills or littered in the environment, leading to pollution and negative impacts on wildlife.

Sustainable travel is an approach that seeks to minimize the negative impact of tourism on the environment. This includes promoting green tourism practices, such as using renewable energy sources, reducing waste, and conserving natural resources. Sustainable travel also involves educating tourists about the importance of responsible tourism practices and encouraging them to participate in environmentally friendly activities.

Carrying capacity is another important concept in mass tourism. It refers to the maximum number of tourists a destination can accommodate without causing negative impacts on the environment. When the number of tourists exceeds the carrying capacity of a destination, it can lead to overcrowding, pollution, and damage to natural habitats.

Finally, carbon emissions associated with transportation and accommodation significantly contribute to climate change. Mass tourism is responsible for significant carbon emissions contributing to global warming. Sustainable travel practices, such as using public transportation, choosing eco-friendly accommodations, and offsetting carbon emissions, can help reduce the impact of tourism on climate change.

Future of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism has been a significant contributor to the global economy for decades. However, recent events have highlighted the need for a more sustainable and responsible approach to tourism. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant decline in mass tourism, leading to the closure of many businesses and job losses. The future of mass tourism is uncertain, and it will likely require significant changes to adapt to the new reality.

One of the most significant challenges facing mass tourism is sustainability. The industry significantly impacts the environment, and there is a growing awareness of the need to reduce this impact. Governments and tourism organizations increasingly focus on sustainable tourism practices, such as reducing waste, conserving energy, and protecting natural resources. The future of mass tourism will depend on its ability to adapt to these new practices and become more sustainable.

Another challenge facing mass tourism is the changing preferences of travellers. Many people are now looking for more authentic and immersive travel experiences rather than traditional mass tourism offerings. This trend will likely continue, and mass tourism must adapt to meet these changing preferences.

Technology is also likely to play a significant role in the future of mass tourism. Advances in technology are making travel more accessible and convenient, and this trend will likely continue. For example, virtual reality technology is already used to provide immersive travel experiences, which will likely become more widespread.

In conclusion, the future of mass tourism is uncertain, but it is clear that significant changes will be required to adapt to the new reality. Sustainability, changing traveller preferences, and technology will likely be the key drivers of change in the industry. The industry’s challenge will be adapting to these changes while continuing to provide high-quality travel experiences for its customers.

In conclusion, mass tourism is a significant part of the tourism industry, associated with package holidays, popular tourist attractions, and well-known resorts. However, the growth of mass tourism has led to several challenges, including over-tourism, environmental degradation, and cultural homogenization.

The future of mass tourism is uncertain, with several factors influencing its growth and development. The rise of sustainable tourism, technological advancements, and changing consumer preferences will likely impact mass tourism’s future.

Despite the challenges, mass tourism continues to provide economic benefits to many destinations. However, balancing economic benefits with environmental and social sustainability is essential to ensure the industry’s long-term viability.

Overall, the future of mass tourism is complex and multifaceted, with several challenges and opportunities. It is crucial to adopt a holistic approach to tourism development, taking into account the economic, social, and environmental impacts of mass tourism.

The mass tourism industry EXPLAINED

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Mass tourism is a prominent part of the tourism industry. Associated with the traditional package holiday, well-known holiday resorts and famous tourist attractions, many areas both benefit and suffer at the hands of mass tourism. But what exactly is mass tourism and how does it impact the wider tourism industry?

In this article I will explain what mass tourism is, with some useful definitions. I will then outline the characteristics of mass tourism, the evolution of mass tourism and the positive and negative impacts of mass tourism. Lastly, I will provide some examples off destinations that are known for their mass tourism industries.

What is mass tourism?

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Well, the clue is in the title!

Mass tourism is essentially tourism that involves ‘the masses’.

So, what is a mass? Well, this is not exactly clear. But lets just say its usually a lot- like thousands or tens of thousands or more.

Mass tourism can occur in a variety of tourism situations. It could be a coastal resort, such as Benidorm. It could be an area that is home to a major tourist attractions, such as the Great Wall of China . It could be a picturesque village or remote island.

Wherever mass tourism occurs, it relies on the same concept- there are large amounts of tourists , often filling or exceeding capacity, in a given location at one time.

For decades, mass tourism has been a widely used term in tourism literature as well as in wider society. Yet, to this day there has never been a clearly agreed definition and content.

According to Poon (1993), mass tourism refers to the movement of a large number of organised tourists to popular holiday destinations for recreational purposes. It is a phenomenon which is characterised by the use of standardised package products and mass consumption. Conceptually, this type of tourism features standardized leisure products and experiences packaged for mass tourists.

Hilallali (2003) describes mass tourism as ‘an offspring of industrialisation and democracy, good student of consumption and globalisation .

As noted by Dehoorne et Theng in 2015, Mass tourism is the epitome of aggressively large-scale sold standardized packages stands in stark opposition to elite or luxury tourism.

Naumov and Green (2016) state that mass tourism refers to the movement of a large number of organised tourists to popular holiday destinations for recreational purposes.

Whilst these definitions are useful, I personally feel that they are all missing some important detail. These definitions quite rightly acknowledge the fact that organised packaged tourism products are significant facilitators of mass tourism. But they fail to acknowledge the growing dynamic independent tourist.

In today’s world, consumers are more independent than ever. We can find a cheaper deal online ourselves than what the travel agent is offering. We can plan our own itinerary using the information presented by travel blogs. We don’t need a guide when we can download the information we need on our phones. But just because we are not part of a mass organised group, does not mean that we are not mass tourists.

Thousands of tourists flock to Santorini’s picturesque white streets each July. Thousands of people line the streets of Shanghai to get a look at the light show on the Bund each evening. People struggle to get a photo without the crowds of tourists behind them at the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt. Are all of these people on an organised package holiday? I very much doubt it.

In reality, most attempts to define the concept of mass tourism are indeed outdated, failing to take into account post-modern tourist motivations and behaviours. In light of this, I have developed my own definition of mass tourism below…

Mass tourism can be defined as ‘extreme concentrations of tourists in any one place, resulting in saturation of the place’. Mass tourism cannot be characterised by specific numbers or values, because every destination has different carrying capacities. Rather, mass tourism occurs when there are too many tourists for a destination to comfortably accommodate.

Characteristics of mass tourism

OK, so now we have defined mass tourism, what are the identifying characteristics? The most notable characteristics of mass tourism include: extreme concentrations of tourists; the saturation of a destination, travel in organised groups, good accessibility to a destination, media influence, the stage of consolidation and tourists who are described as psychocentric.

I will explain what each of these means below.

The most obviously characteristic of mass tourism is that there are a lot of tourists. What is a lot, I hear you say? Well, I can’t quite answer that question-sorry.

Each type of tourist destination is different. Some places are big, others are small. In fact, what is a destination? Well, this isn’t entirely clear either.

In the context of mass tourism, a destination could be a city, a holiday resort or the area surrounding a popular tourist attraction. The size of the destination doesn’t actually matter though. The important fact is that there are more tourists that come to the area at a given time than the destination can comfortably cope with.

OK, so here comes another subjective term- what does ‘comfortably cope’ mean? Well, what I mean by this, is that if the tourism has adverse effects as a result of the visitor numbers, it is no longer ‘comfortably coping’. This could include environmental degradation, gentrification or adverse social impacts, for example.

So the major characteristic associated with mass tourism is that there are too many tourists in a given area, big or small.

Having too many tourists leads to saturation of a tourist destination.

If a tourist destination is saturated, there are likely to be more tourists than members of the local community. Revenue from tourism-related activities is likely to dominate the economy. Many of the negative economic , environmental and social impacts of tourism are notable.

Mass tourism is generally associated with the concept of overtourism . Overtourism refers to the issue of having too many visitors in a given time in a given place, which impacts negatively on the tourist experience, the host community and environment.

Overtourism is a growing problem that can only be resolved by adopting principles of sustainable tourism management.

Mass tourism is associated with organised and packaged tourism.

Whilst not all mass tourists are package tourists, there is definitely a linear relationship between the two.

By default, group organised holidays bring large amounts of tourists to a destination at the same time. Whether this by via a coach tour, a day trip or through a tour operator, travel in organised groups brings large amounts of tourists together in one place at one time.

Group tourism is usually organised in a place because it has some particular value to the tourist. For example, there are many tours to visit the famous Abu Simbel attraction in Aswan, Egypt. Likewise, Sharm el Sheikh is a popular destination for package holidays and enclave tourism .

Mass tourism is directly associated with good accessibility.

The advent of the low cost airline largely fuelled the growth of the mass tourism industry. Airlines such as easyJet and Wizz Air put new tourist destinations on the map and helped to transport more tourists to existing tourist destinations than areas could [can] comfortable cope with.

Cheap flights has meant that many areas have become saturated with tourism. Cheap flights means that more people can afford to go on holiday, more often.

But accessibility isn’t just about price. The past two decades have seen the number of available flights increase exponentially. This has meant that destinations are more accessible to tourists.

Likewise, many destinations have become more accessible because they have developed their transport infrastructure. New airports, new roadways and improved rail infrastructure has meant that more tourists can reach more destinations around the world than ever before.

If we don’t know about a place then we don’t go to a place.

The media has placed a significant role in the growth of tourism to particular areas. From episodes of Karl Pilkington’s Idiot Abroad to Travel Man, starring Richard Ayoade , to Leonardo Dicaprio’s famous film, The Beach , there are plenty of places that have made their way to fame through the media.

One of the most notable developments in the promotion of tourist destinations is the development of social media. Have you ever heard of Insta tourism ? Yep- it’s a an actual type of tourism !

Social media platforms have raised awareness of many tourist destinations around the world that had previously featured only deep in our guidebooks.

In particular, Instagram’s geotagging function enables social media influencers to display the exact location of where their photographs were taken. This has resulted in tourists flocking to areas around the world that had previously experienced little or no tourism.

Butler, in his Tourism Area Life Cycle model , outlines the way in which a destination grows and evolves. In his model, there is a clear point at which tourist numbers are at their highest. This is the time when tourism is fully developed and is starting to the negative experience impacts associated with overtourism .

When tourism reaches the stage of consolidation in a destination, it is likely that it is also experiencing the concept of mass tourism.

Similarly to Butler, Plog looked at tourist motivations, mapping them to particular times during a destination’s development in his model of allocentricity and psychocentricity .

Plog demonstrated in his typological assessment, that when a tourist is classified as a psychometric tourist, they are likely to pertain to mass tourism as their primary choice of holiday type.

Psychocentric tourists typically travel in organised groups. Their holidays are typically organised for them by their  travel agent . These travellers seek the familiar. They are happy in the knowledge that their holiday resort will provide them with their home comforts. These tourists enjoy holiday resorts and  all inclusive packages . They are components of  enclave tourism , meaning that they are likely to stay put in their hotel for the majority of the duration of their holiday. These are often repeat tourists, who choose to visit the same destination year-on-year.

The history of tourism is a long one and mass tourism plays a key role in the growth and development of the tourism industry .

The origins of mass tourism can be traced back to 1851, when Thomas Cook led his first organised group of tourists to the Great Exhibition in London. While his business model did change and adapt over the years, the concept remained the same- organised group travel.

Over time, more and more people were able to travel. After World War ii, people began to have more disposable income and new legislation was brought in to ensure that workers had paid holidays each year.

At the same time, destinations became more developed. They developed their transport infrastructure, promoted their destination for tourism and built the facilities and amenities that tourists required.

Mass tourism notably developed in Western societies since the 1950s. This was the result of a period of strong economic growth. Mass tourism was first seen in Western Europe, North America and Japan as these countries had strong economies and thus the general public were wealthier overall.

Globalisation has also fuelled the mass tourism industry. People can find the familiar on their travels. There are less surprises than there once was. We can research our trip on the Internet and watch travel shows to familiarise ourselves before we travel.

The mass tourism industry really started to boom with the advent of the low cost carrier . The average UK outbound tourist went from having one two week holiday per year to taking a big holiday and a couple of short breaks. People who couldn’t afford to go on holiday before, were now being brought into the market.

Types of mass tourism

Although many people associate mass tourism predominantly with the traditional package holiday model, there are in fact many different types of mass tourism.

Examples of enclave tourism destinations : Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt ; Kusadasi, Turkey; Costa Blanca, Spain.

Mass tourism is commonly associated with enclave tourism .

Enclave tourism is essentially tourism that takes place in a space that is segregated from the community outside. It is in its own ‘bubble’, so to speak.

Enclave tourism implies a conscious decision to segregate tourists from the general population . This is usually in the context of an all-inclusive environment such as a cruise ship, hotel or resort complex.

Enclaves are enclosed and self-contained physically, socially, and economically. This means that tourists have hardly any reasons to leave the enclave.

Examples of mass tourism beach destinations: Benidorm, Spain; Phuket, Thailand; Kuta, Bali .

There are many beach areas where the destinations have become overdeveloped. These are most commonly located in Western Europe, although they are found all around the world. It is these overdeveloped beach areas that are most commonly associated with mass tourism.

Mass tourism beach holidays have traditionally been the bread and butter for travel agents . Up until this day, high street travel agents are filled with holidays brochures boasting photo after photo of beautiful beaches and swimming pools.

With the lack of British sunshine and seemingly endless rainy days, it is no surprise that Brits, amongst other nationalities, seek warmer climes. Thomas Cook’s products were among the first to provide British holiday makers with the typical sun, sea and sand experience, but there have since been many more players enter the market.

Examples of mass ski destinations: Andorra, Italy ; Chamonix, France; Breckonridge, USA.

There are many ski resorts that have developed to such a stage that they can now be classified as mass tourism destinations.

Popular throughout the winter months, many tourists flock to ski destinations for their holiday. This is especially popular in the Alps in Europe and the Rockies in the USA and Canada.

Ski holidays are also often sold as a packaged product by travel agents, composing of flights, transfers, accommodation and ski rental/lessons.

Examples of mass tourism in theme parks: Universal Studios Florida , USA; Alton Towers, UK; Disney Shanghai, China.

Theme parks attract large amounts of tourists.

Disney Land, Paris attracts around 15 million tourists each year, Disney Land in Tokyo has approximately 18 million visitors and Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney Florida has more than 20 million tourists each year! Wow, that’s a lot!

People who visit theme parks also often provide a tourism boost for local areas too. People may choose to eat at nearby restaurants or stay in nearby hotels.

Mass tourism events: Hogmonay, Edinburgh, UK; Rio Carnival, Brazil; San Fermin , Spain.

Mass tourism occurs when large numbers of people undertake tourism-related activities in the same place at the same time. This is often the case with major events.

From the Olympics to the Day of the Dead Festival in Mexico, events attract tourists all over the world.

Mass tourism caused from events can out a strain on locals areas, which may not be equipped to deal with the influx of visitors.

Examples of major tourist attractions attracting the masses: The Eiffel Tower, France ; The Pyramids of Giza, Egypt; The Great Wall, China.

Many tourists will travel to an area to visit a particular tourist attraction. Whether this is a museum in Paris, a war memorial in Washington or an underground cave in Jeju , South Korea, tourist attractions are often the main appeal of a tourist destination .

Major tourist attractions can attract masses of tourists, who then spend time in the surrounding area, thus making the area a mass tourism destination.

Examples of mass tourism cruise areas: The Caribbean; the Mediterranean.

Cruise tourism is one of the most popular types of tourism .

Cruises come in all shapes and sizes and the smaller ones are obviously not examples of mass tourism. However, some cruise ships are so big that they are the size of a small city!

The largest cruise ships in the world have a capacity of more than 5000 tourists. These tourists will disembark en mass when the ship docks at various locations, causing an influx of tourists to said destinations over a short period of time.

Examples of mountain climbing where tourist numbers exceed capacity: Mount Everest; Mount Kilimanjaro.

Mass tourism when climbing a mountain? Surely not? Well actually- yes.

OK so you are not getting thousands of tourists like you might on a cruise ship or in a beach resort, but like I explained earlier, mass tourism is not about specific numbers- it is when the numbers exceed capacity.

Sadly, there have been many stories in recent years of capacity issues when climbing mountains. The most notable is on Mount Everest, where tourists have dies as a result of queuing at high altitude.

Whilst mass tourism is most commonly discussed because of its negative impacts, there are actually some positive impacts of mass tourism too.

Mass tourism makes money. That’s the number one motivator for all destinations who allow areas to evolve into mass tourism destinations (not sure what I mean? Take a look at Butler’s Tourism Area Life Cycle model ). After all, money is what makes the world go round, right?

Mass tourism brings lots of tourists. Lots of tourists spend lots of money. This supports economic growth in the local area and enables the destination to spend or reinvest the money that is made in a way that is appropriate for that particular area. Some destinations may build more hotels. Other may make financial investments. Some may spend more money on public health services or education.

However they choose to spend their money, it is money which is the motivation for tourism development.

Mass tourism creates many jobs. This also helps to boost the local economy as well as supporting livelihoods. Jobs can be directly related to tourism (i.e. a hotel waiter or a holiday representative) or they can be indirectly related to tourism (i.e. the fisherman who supplies fish to the hotels).

You can read more about the positive economic impacts of tourism here .

Mass tourism has gained a pretty bad reputation in recent years. If you Google the term ‘mass tourism’ you will be largely greeted with articles that discuss the negative impacts on the environment and society.

Mass tourism creates intense environmental pressures due to the fact that such activity involves a large number of tourists in small areas. The environmental impacts of tourism include aspects such as littering, erosion, displacement of animals, damage to flora and fauna and reduction in air quality, to name but a few.

Mass tourism can also cause significant social impacts . Gentrification, increases in crime, loss of culture and authenticity and cultural ignorance are just some of the ways that large amount of tourists in a given area can negatively effect the local society.

The other major problem is economic leakage . Whilst mass tourism creates significant revenue, not all of this money remains in the destination. In fact, because mass tourism is closely associated with all inclusive holidays and enclave tourism, it experiences more economic leakage than other areas of the tourism industry.

Economic leakage is when the money raised leaks out of the area. This is largely due to multinational chains operating within the tourism system .

If you eat McDonalds, most of your money goes back to America.

If you buy a can of Coke, most of your money goes back to America.

If you stay in a Hilton Hotel, most of your money goes back to America.

Get the picture?

The key to managing mass tourism in a sustainable way is to minimise visitor numbers. OK, so that sounds counterintuitive, right? Wrong.

Yes, mass tourism is great because it brings in lots of money. BUT the problem is that it is not sustainable. Destinations cannot continue to exceed their capacity indefinitely.

As I explained above, there are generally more negative impacts associated with mass tourism than there are positive. But that doesn’t mean that mass tourism doesn’t have to stop altogether. There are many methods to manage tourism destinations in a more sustainable manner.

One way to manage mass tourism better is to provide incentives to help distribute tourists evenly throughout the year and to avoid the peaks and troughs that come with seasonality. Instead of having the majority of tourists arrive in July and August, for example, a destination could put caps on visitor numbers during this time and instead offer discounted rates at other times of the year.

A destination could temporarily close to allow for some of the environmental damage caused by mass tourism to be repaired. This has been done at Maya Bay in Thailand and on the island of Borocay in the Philippines in recent years, with positive outcomes.

Another way to manage mass tourism in a more sustainable way is to introduce smart tourism techniques. These can help to better manage tourist flows, monitor tourist activity and accurately analyse tourist patterns and behaviours. This allows tourism stakeholders to more easily and more accurately implement sustainable tourism principles where possible.

Ultimately, however, sustainable tourism and mass tourism are contradictory terms. Mass tourism is generally viewed as the antithesis of sustainability, due to the large amount of negative impacts that are widely known and documented. That isn’t to say that sustainable mass tourism is impossible, it just requires some very careful tourism planning and management.

There are many destinations around the world that are classed at mass tourism destinations. Some are resorts, others are major tourist attractions. Some destinations have suffered at the hands of the mass tourism industry for many years and others are new to the scene. In some cases, Governments have [are] implementing changes to better manage tourism or to remove themselves from the mass tourism market.

As much as I would love to discuss each of the mass tourism destinations below, this article is already almost 4000 words long, and I don’t want to bore you! Instead, I will provide a list of mass tourism destinations and if you are interested, you can research these more yourself!

Mass tourism destinations include:

• Eifell Tower
• Val-d’Isere
• Côte d’Azur
• Mont St Michael
• San Sebastian
• Vatican City
• Coloseum, Rome
• Cinque Terre
• Neuschwanstein, Germany
• Hallstatt, Austria
• Oktoberfest, Munich
• Stonehenge, UK
• Lake Lucerne, Switzerland
• Great Wall of China
• The Bund, Shanghai
• Terracotta Warriors, Xian
• Islands of Thailand
• Mount Everest
• Great Barrier Reef
• Macchu Picchu
• Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica
• The Caribbean islands
• Several US National Parks
• Pyramids of Giza, Cairo

Mass tourism is big business, quite literally. Mass tourism isn’t new, but our awareness of many of the negative impacts that it causes is relatively new. It is only in recent years that we have really started to understand the impacts of our actions and think in a more sustainable way.

As you can see, there are many mass tourism destinations all over the world. Are these destinations and the practices that they are adopting sustainable? Probably not.

It is imperative that we plan and manage our tourism industries in order to keep them alive. To learn more about how we can do this and about the importance of the mass tourism industry, I suggest that you consult the texts below.

• Overtourism – This book examines the evolution of the phenomenon and explores the genesis of overtourism and the system dynamics underlining it.
• Overtourism: Tourism Management and Solutions – Questioning the causes of this phenomenon, such as increased prosperity and mobility, technological development, issues of security and stigma for certain parts of the world and so on, this book supposes that better visitor management strategies and distribution of tourists can offset the negative impacts of ‘overtourism’.
• The Challenge of Overtourism – Working paper outlining the concept by Harold Goodwin.
• How to be a highly Sustainable Tourist: A Guidebook for the Conscientious Traveller – a great guide with tips on how to travel sustainably
• The Intrepid Traveler: The ultimate guide to responsible, ecological, and personal-growth travel and tourism – Leading travel expert Adam Rogers draws upon 40 years of experience exploring more than 130 countries in every region on Earth to share the smartest ways to travel in this tip-filled guide
• Outdoor Recreation: Environmental Impacts and Management – an academic text discussing the sustainability of outdoor pursuits
• Sustainable and Responsible Tourism: Trends, Practices and Cases – Sustainable tourism case studies from around the world
• Responsible Tourism: Using tourism for sustainable development – a textbook addressing the concept of sustainability in terms in development

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Essay on Mass Tourism

Students are often asked to write an essay on Mass Tourism in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Mass Tourism

What is mass tourism.

Mass tourism means a lot of people going to the same place for a holiday. Imagine a beach full of visitors or a famous city with lots of tourists taking pictures. This happens because traveling has become easier and cheaper, so more people can go to popular spots.

Why Do People Like It?

People enjoy mass tourism because it’s fun and doesn’t cost too much. They get to see famous places and relax. Companies create tours that make planning the trip easy. This way, tourists can visit many places without worrying about details.

Problems It Creates

When too many tourists visit a place, it can cause issues. Nature might get hurt, like beaches getting dirty. Local people might find it hard to get around, and prices for things can go up, which can make living there expensive for them.

Can It Be Better?

We can make mass tourism better by taking care of the places we visit. This means being clean, respecting the local culture, and not causing harm. If everyone does this, tourism can be good for both visitors and the places they go to.

250 Words Essay on Mass Tourism

Mass tourism is when lots of people visit the same place for a holiday. Imagine a beach filled with sunbathers, or a famous city packed with visitors taking pictures. This kind of travel became popular because it is often cheaper and easier for families to go on vacation to places that are ready to welcome many tourists at once.

People enjoy mass tourism because it’s simple to plan. Companies offer packages that include everything from flights to hotels and tours. This means you don’t have to worry about the details; just pick a package and you’re set for your trip. Plus, these places are usually very friendly to tourists, with lots of fun activities and sights to see.

Problems with Mass Tourism

Even though it sounds great, mass tourism can cause problems. When too many visitors come to one place, it can harm the environment. Beaches can get dirty, and wildlife might be scared away. Also, local people might not like the crowded streets and loud noises that come with lots of tourists.

Yes, mass tourism can be improved. If tourists and the people who run tourist spots work together, they can make sure that places don’t get too crowded and stay nice for everyone. This means being careful about where we go and how we act when we’re on vacation. If we do this, we can enjoy our holidays and keep the places we visit beautiful and happy for the future.

500 Words Essay on Mass Tourism

Mass tourism is when a large number of people visit the same place at the same time for their holidays. It’s like when you see pictures of very crowded beaches or famous landmarks filled with tourists. This kind of tourism became popular because traveling got easier and cheaper, so more people could afford to go to different countries or famous places for vacation.

Why Do People Like Mass Tourism?

People enjoy mass tourism for many reasons. First, it can be less expensive. This is because when lots of people want to go to the same place, companies can offer trips at lower prices. Also, mass tourism places are often well-known, so people feel excited to visit them. These places usually have many hotels, restaurants, and fun activities, which makes it easy for tourists to find a place to stay and things to do.

The Good Sides of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism can bring a lot of money to the place where all the tourists are going. This money can help build new roads, schools, and hospitals. It can also create jobs for the people who live there, like in hotels or tourist attractions. Sometimes, the money from tourism can even help protect nature and wildlife because people will pay to see these beautiful places and animals.

The Not-So-Good Sides of Mass Tourism

Even though mass tourism can be good for making money, it can also cause problems. For example, too many tourists can harm the environment. They can leave trash, which is bad for plants and animals. Also, when too many people visit a place, it can get very crowded, and the local people might not like it because it can make their daily life harder.

Another issue is that sometimes the buildings and streets can get damaged because there are too many people. Plus, when tourists come, the cost of living can go up, making things more expensive for the people who live there all the time.

What Can Be Done?

To make mass tourism better, people are trying to find ways to control the number of tourists. One idea is to limit how many people can visit a place at the same time. Another idea is to teach tourists how to be respectful to the environment and the local culture.

Some places are also trying to spread tourists out by making other less known places interesting to visit. This way, not all tourists go to the same spot. Also, the money from tourism can be used to fix any damage caused by tourists and to help keep the environment clean and safe.

In conclusion, mass tourism is when lots of people travel to the same place for fun. It has its good points, like making money and creating jobs. But it also has bad points, like hurting the environment and making life difficult for local people. It’s important to find a balance so that people can enjoy visiting new places without causing problems. This way, everyone, including the tourists, the local people, and nature, can be happy.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

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Home Essay Examples Geography Tourism

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Mass Tourism

• Category Geography
• Subcategory Travelling
• Topic Tourism

Today, people are being more sensibility for the natural environment because tourism industry is the only economical sector that uses destinations natural environment as a very important of its product. Tourism has developed in many places. Tourism sector has been considered as a key factor contributing in the development of countries. Tourists have flocked to various tourist destination and during the first eight months in 2013, there were 747 million visitors traveling worldwide with a growth rate of 5% compared with the previous period (UNWTO, 2014).

Mass tourism has always been the subject of criticism for its negative impacts around the world. Many sources point out mass tourism’s potentially destructive impacts on societies, culture and environment.

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This assignment will look at the contribution of mass tourism on its economic development and its negative consequences on the environment and society from both global and Cambodian perspectives.

I. Introduction to mass tourism

Mass tourism is the act of visiting a leisure destination with large amounts of people at one time. The development of mass tourism is parallel to the development and improvement of technology. Transportation and internet has evolved so much in time, making communication fast and easy, this allows tourist to research, find out and book and even pay for their holiday online, this contributing to the rise of mass tourism, besides that the improvement in technology in the transportation industry also helps in the transport of large number of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest, so that greater numbers of people could begin to enjoy the benefits of leisure time.

• When and why mass tourism happens?

Mass tourism appears after the World War II, it was initiated in the back street of the industrial town and cities in the north of England. The development of mass tourism in the world was linked to the economic development of society and as a matter of fact to the incorporation of a more powerful middle and lower class inside the tourist market. This expansion has been based on the external factors such as generalization of paid holidays, rising standard of living and a rapid improvement in the means of transportation such as the increase in air travel.

II. The benefits of mass tourism

Mass tourism is one of the key contributors to economic development as it stimulates capital investment and creates job opportunities for local people. A boost in the number of visitors to tourist destinations has driven demands for hotels, restaurants, transportation and administration processes which spur local and foreign direct investments in this industry, as well as related industries. In 2001, Travel & Tourism was estimated to attract 650 billion dollars in capital investment (Turner & Sears, 2013) and in Cambodia, it comprised 15% of total national investment (Turner, 2013). Employment growth has an inextricable relation with the flow of investments. Globally, over 98 million people are directly employed in the tourism industry, which is equivalent to 3% of the total employment (Turner & Sears, 2013) while in Cambodia in 2012, it accounted for 9.7% of the total country’s employment (Turner, 2013).

III. Disadvantages of mass tourism

Although there is undoubtedly an enormous number of positives that come along with tourism, unfortunately in many cases, the impacts of mass tourism can often be rather negative.

• Environmental Destruction

Unfortunately for our beautiful earth, tourism can sadly cause a lot of devastation to its surface. As more and more people visit a destination, the demand continues to rise and land is constantly being destroyed to create more hotels, restaurants and appealing landmarks. With such a large increase in tourism and recreational facilities, deforestation is one of the largest issues. This sadly results in excessive land clearing and loss of ecosystems for wood collection, which also leads to wildlife loss too.

• Loss of Culture

Losing the countries original culture often comes with a rise in tourism, as the industry tends to form around what the tourists enjoy. By constantly supporting major chains and staying in the westernized areas, these destinations will follow what we support; temples, landmarks, places of worship and local stores continue to be destroyed. In many cases, their culture had been manipulated by the influence of tourists.

• Pollution

With a mass amount of people comes a mass amount of rubbish. The more and more people that visit a destination with a care-free attitude; the more people, the ocean and these beautiful destinations suffer. Not to mention the sheer volume of greenhouse gases that are emitted into the atmosphere through the process of travel alone.

• Excessive Crowds

Popular destinations get a whole lot of people. Now, this isn’t necessarily a terrible thing, as tourism is a leading source of income in many countries around the world, and without people that simply wouldn’t be possible. However, when tourists swarm a destination, a lot of destruction is caused; locals suffer from excessive noise, famous landmarks become annoying to visit, and the way of life for millions of locals is severely impacted.

In 2007, Vencie welcomed twenty-one million tourists while there were only 60,000 Venetian residents. They filled up the city and Venetian people could not even find a space on the boats they rely on for daily transport (Maclntyre, 2013). Similarly, local residents in Siem Reap are also encountering this problem, especially in Pub Street where a lot of foreigners’ dance along the road with loud music from pubs.

• Economic Impact

For the most part, tourism drastically supports a countries economy and supplies jobs to millions of people all around the world. In many destinations, however, the money we bring doesn’t always support the local communities. Instead of supplying support to the local people in these countries, the government directs their money into things that support tourism; hotel chains, restaurant chains and often the big international companies as known as the places that tourists will always visit. This, of course, doesn’t directly lie in the hands of the tourist, but it’s something that we should always be conscious of while travelling to certain countries.

IV. Solution for mass tourism

Nobody likes an annoying tourist. So how can you avoid being one? There a few key things to consider regarding your travel style first. Some points may be obvious, but others you probably haven’t thought of. So, I will pick up five solutions for mass tourism that will help you to be more mindful and responsible tourist.

• Educated People how to respect the local environment

The first solution to the impact of mass tourism is starting with the government. Since there are a lot of people travelling to the same destination, it might be a lot of waste that not in keep properly. The government should manage strict rule and also educate people how to manage their own waste in order to reduce pollution and also keep the place clean.

• Obey the local road rules & parking regulations

If you’re driving around in a new country make sure you know the local road rules and any parking regulations. It’s never a good idea to park illegally, making it difficult for locals go about their business. Moreover, for such a small town, it has designated parking areas and simply cannot sustain the numbers of illegally parked cars.

• Travel during off-peak periods

Travelled during the off-season or shoulder season is not only a great solution to over tourism. It not only can help us to save a little money for ourselves, but it’s also brought tourism dollars to locals at times when they actually need it. During these times, hotels and flights cost less and crowds are also much smaller than during major public holidays. It’s one of the most important over tourism solutions.

• Respect local culture

As a tourist, we should learn how to respect local culture because Each culture is unique and has its own significance in the world. What if we end up turning all places into the same ordinary mono-culture? When the local etiquette, language and cuisine are slowly eroded away by over tourism and replaced by a barrage of the same stuff you see everywhere else? What if the unique cultural differences that attracted us to a destination eventually disappeared? Sometimes, some tourists can be pretty demanding folk and expect things to be the same as home when they travel. Alternatively, we should do what we can to help preserve what makes each destination exceptional, and it starts by respecting the local culture.

• Travel for YOURSELF, not for validation from others

These days, it’s so easy to be influenced by the highlight reels of social media. I’d be lying if I said I wasn’t inspired to visit somewhere because I saw it on Facebook, Instagram and so on. Sure, social media can inspire us to travel, but it should be only used as a starting point for researching the destination further, not be the sole focus of travel. Make sure you go someplace because it interests you, you’re intrigued by the history and culture. Not just because people you know went there or you want to showcase the same shots on your Instagram as everyone else to keep up appearances.

V. Conclusion

The negative effects of over tourism have only begun to surface. From the solutions I’ve listed above, I hope I’ve inspired you adopt some of them to avoid contributing to over tourism on your next trip. There are now all too many examples in popular destinations of what happens if we don’t embrace local culture and the differences to our own.

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Mass tourism

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Bramwell, B. 2004 Mass Tourism, Diversification and Sustainability in Southern Europe’s Coastal Regions. In Coastal Mass Tourism: Diversification and Sustainable Development in Southern Europe, B. Bramwell, ed., pp.1-31. Clevedon: Channel View.

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Manera, C., L. Segreto, and M. Pohl 2009 The Mediterranean as a Tourist Destination: Past, Present, and Future of the First Mass Tourism Resort Area. In Europe at the Seaside: The Economic History of Mass Tourism in the Mediterranean, L. Segreto, C. Manera and M. Pohl, eds., pp.1-11. Oxford: Berghahn.

Page, S. 2012 Tourism Management: An Introduction . Oxford. Butterworth-Heinemann.

Poon, A. 1993 Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies. London: CABI.

Weaver, D. 2007 Towards Sustainable Mass Tourism: Paradigm Shift or Paradigm Nudge? Tourism Recreation Research 32(3):65-69.

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Naumov, N., Green, D. (2016). Mass tourism. In: Jafari, J., Xiao, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_378

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IELTS Sample Essay 16 – Negative Effect of Mass Tourism

Mass tourism has a negative effect on a country and should be discouraged. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Provide examples and supporting evidence to back up your opinion on this subject.

In recent decades, travelling overseas to experience new cultures and places has been a norm. While excessive tourism has the potential to cause pollution in the surrounding habitat, I believe the resulting outcomes on the nation’s economy outweigh the downside.

Firstly, extensive tourism can cause harm to the country’s environment. This is because uprising demand for food, water, and energy by the travellers forces the country to supply enormous amount of resources at the expense of the environment. Therefore, a probable resource deficit might drive the government to build more dams and burn more fuel to meet the demand, resulting in deforestation and poor air quality. For example, Khaosan Road, a popular street in Thailand, is congested with high volume of foreigners, leading to huge amount of waste being discarded on the street every day. Ultimately, the widespread of tourism encourages pollution and destroys the nation’s point of interest which made it attractive in the first place.

Contrastingly, the influx of visitors can bring positive effects to the country’s economic health. Often, foreigners on a holiday are willing to spend on local products for themselves and their loved ones. In the Third World countries, tourists are subjected to higher prices when purchasing goods. However, many travellers are not bothered to bargain due to high currency exchange rates. This in turns drives the local economy, creating more jobs that will have prosperous ripple effects towards the natives. For instance, business owners selling hand-made cultural souvenirs can preserve their culture and way of life whilst receiving a handsome income. So, the economy is propelled in a progressive direction.

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What's the problem with overtourism?

With visitor numbers around the world increasing towards pre-pandemic levels, the issue of overtourism is once again rearing its head.

When locals in the charming Austrian lakeside village of Hallstatt staged a blockade of the main access tunnel, brandishing placards asking visitors to ‘think of the children’, it highlighted what can happen when places start to feel overrun by tourists. Hallstatt has just 800 residents but has opened its doors to around 10,000 visitors a day — a population increase of over 1,000%. And it’s just one of a growing number of places where residents are up in arms at the influx of travellers.

The term ‘overtourism’ is relatively new, having been coined over a decade ago to highlight the spiralling numbers of visitors taking a toll on cities, landmarks and landscapes. As tourist numbers worldwide return towards pre-pandemic levels, the debate around what constitutes ‘too many’ visitors continues. While many destinations, reliant on the income that tourism brings, are still keen for arrivals, a handful of major cities and sites are now imposing bans, fines, taxes and time-slot systems, and, in some cases, even launching campaigns of discouragement in a bid to curb tourist numbers.

What is overtourism?

In essence, overtourism is too many people in one place at any given time. While there isn’t a definitive figure stipulating the number of visitors allowed, an accumulation of economic, social and environmental factors determine if and how numbers are creeping up.

There are the wide-reaching effects, such as climate change. Coral reefs, like the Great Barrier Reef and Maya Bay, Thailand, made famous by the Leonardo DiCaprio film, The Beach , are being degraded from visitors snorkelling, diving and touching the corals, as well as tour boats anchoring in the waters. And 2030 transport-related carbon emissions from tourism are expected to grow 25% from 2016 levels, representing an increase from 5% to 5.3% of all man-made emissions, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). More localised issues are affecting locals, too. Renters are being evicted by landlords in favour of turning properties into holiday lets, and house prices are escalating as a result. As visitors and rental properties outnumber local residents, communities are being lost. And, skyrocketing prices, excessive queues, crowded beaches, exorbitant noise levels, damage at historical sites and the ramifications to nature as people overwhelm or stray from official paths are also reasons the positives of tourism can have a negative impact.

Conversely, ‘undertourism’ is a term applied to less-frequented destinations, particularly in the aftermath of the pandemic. The economic, social and environmental benefits of tourism aren't always passed on to those with plenty of capacity and, while tourist boards are always keen for visitors to visit their lesser-known attractions, it’s a more sustainable and rewarding experience for both residents and visitors.

What’s the main problem with it?

Overcrowding is an issue for both locals and tourists. It can ruin the experience of sightseeing for those trapped in long queues, unable to visit museums, galleries and sites without advance booking, incurring escalating costs for basics like food, drink and hotels, and faced with the inability to experience the wonder of a place in relative solitude. The absence of any real regulations has seen places take it upon themselves to try and establish some form of crowd control, meaning no cohesion and no real solution.

Justin Francis, co-founder and CEO of Responsible Travel, a tour operator that focuses on more sustainable travel, says “Social media has concentrated tourism in hotspots and exacerbated the problem, and tourist numbers globally are increasing while destinations have a finite capacity. Until local people are properly consulted about what they want and don’t want from tourism, we’ll see more protests.”

A French start up, Murmuration, which monitors the environmental impact of tourism by using satellite data, states that 80% of travellers visit just 10% of the world's tourism destinations, meaning bigger crowds in fewer spots. And, the UNWTO predicts that by 2030, the number of worldwide tourists, which peaked at 1.5 billion in 2019, will reach 1.8 billion,   likely leading to greater pressure on already popular spots and more objection from locals.

Who has been protesting?

Of the 800 residents in the UNESCO-listed village of Hallstatt, around 100 turned out in August to show their displeasure and to push for a cap on daily visitors and a curfew on tour coach arrivals.

Elsewhere, residents in Venice fought long and hard for a ban on cruise ships, with protest flags often draped from windows. In 2021, large cruise ships over 25,000 tonnes were banned from using the main Giudecca Canal, leaving only smaller passenger ferries and freight vessels able to dock.

In France, the Marseille Provence Cruise Club introduced a flow management system for cruise line passengers in 2020, easing congestion around the popular Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde Basilica. A Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) spokesperson said, “Coaches are limited to four per ship during the morning or afternoon at the Basilica to ensure a good visitor experience and safety for residents and local businesses. This is a voluntary arrangement respected by cruise lines.”

While in Orkney, Scotland, residents have been up in arms at the number of cruise ships docking on its shores. At the beginning of 2023, the local council confirmed that 214 cruise ship calls were scheduled for the year, bringing around £15 million in revenue to the islands. Following backlash from locals, the council has since proposed a plan to restrict the number of ships on any day.

What steps are being taken?  

City taxes have become increasingly popular, with Barcelona increasing its nightly levy in April 2023 — which was originally introduced in 2012 and varies depending on the type of accommodation — and Venice expects to charge day-trippers a €5 fee from 2024.

In Amsterdam this summer, the city council voted to ban cruise ships, while the mayor, Femke Halsema, commissioned a campaign of discouragement, asking young British men who planned to have a 'vacation from morals’ to stay away. In Rome, sitting at popular sites, such as the Trevi Fountain and the Spanish Steps, has been restricted by the authorities.

And in Kenya’s Maasai Mara, meanwhile, the Narok County governor has introduced on-the-spot fines for off-roading. He also plans to double nightly park fees in peak season.

What are the forecasts for global tourism?  

During the Covid pandemic, tourism was one of the hardest-hit industries — according to UNWTO, international tourist arrivals dropped 72% in 2020. However, traveller numbers have since been rapidly increasing, with double the number of people venturing abroad in the first three months of 2023 than in the same period in 2022. And, according to the World Travel Tourism Council, the tourism sector is expected to reach £7.5 trillion this year, 95% of its pre-pandemic levels.

While the tourism industry is forecast to represent 11.6% of the global economy by 2033, it’s also predicted that an increasing number of people will show more interest in travelling more sustainably. In a 2022 survey by Booking.com, 64% of the people asked said they would be prepared to stay away from busy tourist sites to avoid adding to congestion.

Are there any solutions?  

There are ways to better manage tourism by promoting more off-season travel, limiting numbers where possible and having greater regulation within the industry. Encouraging more sustainable travel and finding solutions to reduce friction between residents and tourists could also have positive impacts. Promoting alternative, less-visited spots to redirect travellers may also offer some benefits.

Harold Goodwin, emeritus professor at Manchester Metropolitan University, says, “Overtourism is a function of visitor volumes, but also of conflicting behaviours, crowding in inappropriate places and privacy. Social anthropologists talk about frontstage and backstage spaces. Tourists are rarely welcome in backstage spaces. To manage crowds, it’s first necessary to analyse and determine the causes of them.

Francis adds: “However, we must be careful not to just recreate the same problems elsewhere. The most important thing is to form a clear strategy, in consultation with local people about what a place wants or needs from tourism.”

As it stands, overtourism is a seasonal issue for a small number of destinations. While there is no one-size-fits-all solution, a range of measures are clearly an option depending on the scale of the problem. For the majority of the world, tourism remains a force for good with many benefits beyond simple economic growth.

Related Topics

• OVERTOURISM
• SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

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Mass Tourism Essay Example

• Pages: 5 (1237 words)
• Published: July 23, 2016
• Type: Essay

Mass tourism has experienced multiple increases since the Second World War, post Fordism. According to the latest figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization World Tourism Barometer, a total of 298 million international tourists travelled worldwide between January and April 2013, 12 million more than in the same period last year.

Mass tourism is defined as a large number of people enjoying tourism in the same destination, enjoying holidays that are standardized, inflexible to an extent and packaged or bundled. (insert author). The two theories that are often associated with mass tourism are “McDisneyfication” and “McDonaldization” which offered holidays that are efficient, controlled and obviously highly predictable.

This essay will look at how mass tourism affects reasons for travelers to travel especially in large nu

mbers at the same time and the parties that tend to gain economically when this take effect. In comparison, when travelers do not travel in groups, the significance this brings to the economy will also be discussed. Through the journey of travel, there will be impact to the customs and culture of the countries that are being visited and this paper will also look into these aspects as well.

In conclusion, the final argument of this essay is that mass tourism is not here to stay as travelers are presented with greater flexibility, customizations and options.

Discussion As defined earlier, mass tourism happens when large number of people enjoy tourism in the same destination, enjoy holidays that are standardized, inflexible to an extent and packaged or bundled. Destinations are defined as places that travelers can visit, for example, in Singapore, travelers can visit Sentosa

Sentosa offers accommodation as well as attractions such as Universal Studios. On a small scale, these destinations can be defined as shopping malls, eateries and entertainment avenues and on a large scale; the entire country can be classified as the destination.

Mass tourism is a considered a form of "Fordism". Fordism is a system pioneered by Henry Ford that involved the introduction of the moving assembly lines, linking methods of mass production to the cultivation of mass market for the goods produced. In Ford's case, particularly his famous Model T Ford car. In essence, Fordism involved breaking the tasks into smaller ones so that high productivity can be achieved through standardization. Henry Ford's techniques of mass production led to mass consumption. This was based on standardization of product i.e. all products are the same, standardization of production process by using machines, standardization of work in a team where one employee completes one specific task and the product moves in an assembly line and not the product.

This was then applied to tourism, when it came to packaged tours (pioneered by Thomas Cook in 1841), in the production line, the tour operators combined different standard products such as hotel accommodation, transportation and attractions to make a package. This allows the operators to minimize the cost per unit through a high level of production, where packaged tours, produced in large quantities, permits the operators to offer very competitive prices to the traveler and in turn produce the tourism product in mass numbers.

However, the operators were only able to enjoy continued success of these package tours to a large group if the travelers can

accept the lack of choices, basic transportation and mediocre room accommodation. This is true until at least a decade ago when low cost or budget airlines came into the picture.

The concept of McDonaldization and McDisneyfication by Relph is a major criticism of tourism and contemporary cultural processes. The former dwells on the concept of consistency and according to the statement, travelers like this concept. Comparing it to a burger where the taste, size, presentation and look and feel are exactly the same, no matter which country the McDonald's burger was purchased from. The latter involved a large number of people (think mass tourism) who like a similar and consistent package, similar especially in terms of product consistency i.e. Mickey Mouse in Tokyo or Hong Kong or Europe is of the same size, height, look, physical build and behaviour. Due to the similarity in dimension, service is assumed to be directly consistently, therefore, customers like to visit destinations that look and feel the same like Disneyland.

At first glance, the appeal of unique attractions should be anything but homogenizing but the discourse of packed, newly post-industrial cities that seem to mirror the same images and amenities are found to be no longer appealing.

The advantages of taking a packaged holiday are clear if one looked at the issue of convenience. Some travelers simply do not have the time to explore different budget airlines' websites to get the best airfare deals or scour the different guides books to look for places to visit. Generally what is paid in the total price of the packaged holiday meant that the traveler needed only to bring

spending money and not worry about paying unnecessary "extras" when they embarked on their holiday. Tour operators also have to ensure they deliver what is promised so that travelers can then travel worry-free.

In reality, packaged holidays are inflexible to a certain extent especially when it comes to the choice of dates. Travelers have to follow the designated date arranged by the tour operators and generally no deviation is allowed. This is because, the flights have been chartered from the airlines to maximize occupancy. Prices are also rigid and the choices of hotel are limited or none at all. the tour operators would already have planned the travel itinerary day by day therefore the traveler have no choice to follow them as they were.

Motivation is only one of the many reasons why people travel and behave they do but it is considered a very critical one. It sets the stage for one's goals and is reflected in both the choice of travel and behaviour. Basic motivation theory suggests the satisfaction of basic needs, wants and goals. For tourism, it has been argued that the needs namely psychological, satisfied by leisure activities and proposed leisure activities such as relaxation and belongingness are merely culturally learned.

The discussion has therefore traditionally revolved around either push or pull factors influencing tourist behaviour. Push factors represent internally generated motives for a traveler who will then search objects for the promise of drive reduction and develop a motive. Pull factors include those of marketing stimuli as well as the destination's and service's attributes responding to and reinforcing the push factors. As a result it became evident

that people's intrinsic needs are influenced by external factors. If a drive is reduced satisfactorily, the individual is likely to remember the behaviour and employ the same behaviour again and those eventually become habits. Tourism experiences may therefore become learned behaviour and acquire the role of habit enforcers. It may be concluded that motives merely represent learned behaviour, which are influenced by offered objects or tourism activities, while motivations represent knowledge and beliefs formed by society and culture or tourism marketers.

The following are some examples of why people travel - to meet local people and enjoy the host country by observing how other culture works, this is particularly true for Asian visitors notably Koreans and Chinese who are less exposed to international culture. Another example is the enhance family life where travel and holiday are seen as time to integrate and solidify the functioning of a family.

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• Essay Example on Sustainable Mass Tourism

Tourism is one of the rapidly growing sectors all over the world and is a key source of income for a lot of countries. However, just like any other form of development, tourism has brought about some problems such as ecological degradation, loss of cultural heritage, social dislocation and economic dependence (Lee, 2013). Therefore, all tourism activities need to be sustainable.

Sustainable tourism is a concept of tourists who visit destinations to try and create a positive impact on the environment, economy, and society (Buckley, 2012). The concept was developed in 1987 by the UN world commission on environment and development. Sustainable tourism has a long-standing consideration for the present and future generations. Sustainable concepts developed today might not be viable in 25 years, therefore, the term sustainability needs to be future-oriented and not a fixed plan. In this regard, it is important to understand that the approaches will be redefined from time to time and we need to be ready for new factors. The goal of sustainable tourism should include all elements of sustainable development which are social issues, economy, ecology and cultural issues. If the policies focus only on the environmental issues then they cannot be termed as sustainable. We shall discuss the factors that make up sustainable tourism policies. Sustainable tourism has to protect nature and the environment and should not be policies which prevent economic gain but future-oriented strategies that can promote economic growth (Bramwell, 2011). Tourism strategies that are geared towards the future have to consider social and ecological implications of mass tourism and implement legislative measures on top of voluntary guidelines and regulations. The economic dimension of tourism is that economically tourism entails all relevant and regionally present sectors so as to generate regional circuits. An example is where a cooperation between agriculture and tourism where both parties benefit from it. Tourism can be incorporated into economic activities as an enriching external factor particularly in developing countries which depend on tourism. The level of service also determines the quality of tourism and so improved education and improved social protection for those working in tourism are essential (Lee, 2013). Developing countries need to pay attention to their qualifications and support of local workers.

Sustainable mass tourism can be said to be the preferred and impending outcome for development of tourism. According to Weaver (2012), most of the tourism is mass tourism and it is very crucial develop policies of sustainable mass tourism. Regulation is a critical aspect of sustainability, and it is necessary to gain sustainable development. Five external factors are considered in sustainable mass tourism and this is climate change awareness, renewable resource price convergence, institutionalized environmentalism, the global financial crisis and the internet. Weaver comes up with a graph of the tourism volume against the level of regulation. He comes up with three different development paths which result from either sustainable mass tourism or fully regulated high volume tourism. The first path is known as incremental path and is illustrated by a high level of regulation that creates the way for volume development and is mostly linked to destinations such as nature parks (Weaver, 2012). The second path is the organic path and it is whereby volume grows first and then it is followed by regulation when the mass tourism becomes unsustainable. In the organic path, the regulation might come around because of several negative impacts. The third path is known as the induced path and it is in the middle the other two paths and in this case, both volume and regulation build up at the same time. Weaver states that tourism will always involve cost and sustainable development is trying to minimize the environmental cost while maximizing the tourists benefits at the same time. There are two principles of sustainability which are the rate of resources consumption must be equivalent to the regeneration capability and the rate of waste production should be equivalent to the absorption capacity of the ecosystem in which they operate. According to Waiver (2012), the future of sustainable tourism is in the sustainability of mass tourism.

Sustainable mass tourism policies will very important for the future of tourism. These policies will help tackle problems such as reduced access to the natural resources for the local communities and environmental degradation (Wheeller, 2012). The policies will guide those in the tourism sector to adopt environmentally sound practices. For instance, in regards to water utilization, measures such as desalination systems, water saving tools and harvesting of rainwater will be recommended. The use of renewable sources of energy and environmentally friendly materials is also encouraged. Sustainable mass tourism encourages the use of ecological methods in all sectors of tourism. It should also have clear-cut rules and regulations regarding pollution of the environment especially land and water. Systems such as proper sewage treatment amenities and proper waste disposals like organic and non-organic waste separation should be implemented. The hotels and residents can also come up with ways of reusing the organic waste in farms. Another very critical issue that needs to be addressed is the erosion of cultures and disrespect of human rights. Sustainable tourism policies will come up with projects which are consistent with the culture of the local citizens. The tourism sector should respect the culture of the locals and comply with the heritage in their destinations. Sustainable tourism can also come up with training programs that will help manage the code of conduct for tourists. These programs will help educate tourists about their destinations before and even after they get there. The code of conduct should entail appropriate dressing and behavior, the way of life, cultural heritage and history.

Tourism is still growing and is expected to keep on growing in the future. This growth should be harnessed not only by the tourists alone but also for capitalizing on the economic gains and increasing the living standards of the local citizens and country. Sustainable tourism strategies need to be implemented to achieve environmental sustainability and enjoy the maximum economic benefits from the industry (Miller, Rathouse, Scarles, Holmes & Tribe, 2010). These strategies will need technical and financial assistance, community participation, human resource training and capacity building in the developing countries.

Bramwell, B. (2011). Governance, the state and sustainable tourism: A political economy approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4-5), 459-477.

Buckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546.

Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism management, 34, 37-46.

Miller, G., Rathouse, K., Scarles, C., Holmes, K., & Tribe, J. (2010). Public understanding of sustainable tourism. Annals of tourism research, 37(3), 627-645.

Weaver, D. B. (2012). Organic, incremental and induced paths to sustainable mass tourism convergence. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1030-1037.

Wheeller, B. (2012). Sustainable mass tourism: More smudge than nudgethe canard continues. Critical debates in tourism, 39-43.

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Tourism Essay Topics & Examples

Travelling adds colors and new experiences to our life. It enables one to learn something new, break the boundaries, and expand a mindset. Indeed, the importance of tourism is hard to overestimate. It is the easiest way to learn about a country, its culture, and the people. Tourism is also vital for the economy because a lot of businesses depend on people visiting.

Besides mass tourism, other forms exist. There is medical tourism, niche tourism, sustainable tourism, winter tourism, volunteer tourism, etc. You need to carefully choose what to write about if you need to compose a paper on a related topic.

Looking for travel and tourism essay topics? To help you write an excellent essay about tourism, we’ve combined a list of suggestions. These tips will be beneficial for you whether you need to write a short tourism essay or a more solid research paper about travel industry.

In this article prepared by our writers , you will find tricks on how to select a tourism essay topic, how to outline your paper, and what to write in introduction, body, and conclusion. 665 tourism essay examples are added to inspire you. Let’s start!

As we already mentioned, there are many types of tourism for your essay to explore. You can subdivide it into two distinct groups: domestic and international tourism.

• The kind when people travel within their own country is called domestic tourism . It is easier because it does not require visas, passports, and other formalities.
• When a person visits another country for tourism, then it is international tourism . Usually, it is much more complicated than domestic tourism. It involves having a valid passport, foreign currency, a booked hotel, and a visa in some cases.

As you can suspect, there is an abundance of topics available for your writing. Yet, you’re likely to encounter one of the following tourism essay types:

• A descriptive essay tries to deliver a profound message. The author should communicate some problems by describing them with graphic elements of speech. The goal is to invoke feelings and make a reader think about the issues related to the paper.
• An expository essay aims to inform a reader about a particular issue. Rather than appealing to emotions and feelings, it relies on facts, stats, and data to prove the point. To invoke a personal response, you should incorporate examples. However, persuasion happens because of the facts and not the sentiments.

After carefully choosing your topic, think about the structure of your paper. Tourism essays are not going to be any different in form than other 5-paragraph essays . So, as you can imagine, the travel and tourism essay will consist of four parts:

• Introduction. It has a fundamental purpose because it states what the essay will be about. It should present the topic in an exciting and captivating way to go on with reading.
• Thesis statement. This should be the very last part of the introduction. In one sentence, you should deliver the paper’s message, stating your position. Don’t include any arguments: you will have the central body part for that.
• Main body. This part can consist of more than three paragraphs, connected by linking words. Here you will present your point of view and the arguments. You do not need to travel to a specific country to write about it. To compose a good tourism essay, you need to rely on data and facts. You can also demonstrate other forms of visual aid. For instance, if you compare two cities, tell about their history or architecture.
• Conclusion. This paragraph is the last part of your essay, and it summarizes all arguments together. It should come back to the thesis statement and be supported by your findings from the main body. You can write your personal opinion about the matter. However, the conclusion should not be extended. It should also not include any new facts or ideas.

20 Tourism Essay Topics

You can still have doubts about what you can write about. That’s why we’ve combined a list of 20 tourism essay topics for you to consider. You can use the following topics for your inspiration:

• The influence of Instagram on the tourism industry.
• Entrepreneurship in the hospitality industry.
• Social impact of tourism in Africa.
• Advantages and disadvantages of ecotourism.
• Negative environmental impact of tourism: the importance of sustainable tourism.
• The economic impact of medical tourism.
• Terrorism and how it affects tourism.
• Wildlife activities in tourism and the most popular travel destinations.
• Negative social impact of tourism.
• Significant trends in tourism: how the pandemic has shaped the industry.
• What is educational international tourism?
• The economic impact of tourism in Africa.
• The roots of ecotourism, its future, and trends of this type of tourism in the world.
• The role of media in tourism as the mediator between the tourist sector and the population.
• Food festivals and their impact on destination tourism.
• The origins of religious tourism: the development of the pilgrimage.
• The growth of the hospitality and tourism industry in the past decade.
• Innovations in the field of tourism: new apps, technologies, and advancements.
• Blockchain cases in the travel industry.
• Musical tourism in Russia.

5 Tourism Essay Prompts

Besides, here you can check these tourism essay prompts to start writing right away:

• Negative and positive impacts of dark tourism. First, students are invited to explain what dark tourism is. It is a modern phenomenon that has its bright and dark sides. Explain what the advantages and disadvantages of tourism are in particular.
• Camping in the United States. Each year thousands of people travel to the US for camping. If you choose this topic, you can speak about the most popular parks and destinations for camping trips.
• Effects of mass tourism on local communities. Sadly, mass tourism requires more extensive facilities and hotels. Speak about the impact of mass tourism on the local communities and ecosystems. Try to appeal to the emotions and feelings of the reader.
• World Heritage and Tourism. Tourism is sometimes perceived as a threat to the world and cultural heritage. Large numbers of tourists can ruin conservation efforts. Nevertheless, governments can use tourism to balance and protect these sites. This research paper topic can provide a platform to discuss these critical issues.

That’s all! Thank you for reading the article. Below, you’ll find the tourism essay samples. They can help you start and finish your paper on the given or chosen topic.

807 Tourism Essay Examples

Traveling, its advantages and disadvantages essay.

• Subjects: Trips and Tours
• Words: 1480

Camping Essay: Advantages and Disadvantages

• Subjects: Hiking
• Words: 1482

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in Tourism Industry

• Subjects: World Tourism
• Words: 2235

Travelling Alone or in a Group Essay

London as a place for a tourist vacation.

• Subjects: Tourism Destinations
• Words: 1135

Tourism Target Market Analysis and Examples: Marketing in Hospitality and Tourism

• Subjects: Hospitality Industry
• Words: 1452

Social Cultural Impacts of Tourism

• Subjects: Effects of Tourism
• Words: 2453

Why People Travel Essay: Reasons for and Benefits of Travelling

Information systems in tourism industry: essay example.

• Words: 4454

Economic Factors That Affect Tourism Essay (Assessment)

• Words: 1857

Benefits of Tourism

• Words: 1612

Tourism Impacts on Dubai: Positive & Negative

• Words: 2078

Tourism and language

• Words: 1654

Issues in Tourism and Hospitality Industry Essay

• Words: 1278

Essay on Saudi Arabia, Tourism, Attractions, and Development

• Subjects: Tourist Attractions
• Words: 2034

Social Factors that Motivate People to Travel (in Tourism Industry)

• Words: 1796

Cause and effect analysis of tourism

• Words: 1021

Sustainable Tourism Development

• Words: 2845

Factors that have led to the Development of the Tourism Industry

• Words: 1709

Sex Tourism: Features, Effects, and Control

• Words: 2228

Intercontinental Hotels Group: Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning

• Subjects: Hotels
• Words: 1094

Niagara Falls as a Canadian Tourist Attraction

• Words: 2769

Dubai City: A top destination for tourists

Executive summary: hotel industry, comparative analysis of hilton hotel and marriot international hotels.

• Words: 1360

Turkey as a Tourist Destination

• Words: 3016

Tourism In Kenya Review

• Words: 2633

Property Management Systems in Hospitality Industry

• Words: 3366

Tourism in a Goa

• Words: 1784

PESTEL and Trend Analysis for the Hotel Industry in Spain

• Words: 2780

Heritage Tourism and Cultural Tourism

• Words: 2736

Bali Island in Family Trip Experience

Tourism contribution to the developing countries development.

• Words: 2414

Maasai Mara Trip and Preparations

Sustainability in cruise tourism industry.

• Words: 2392

Integrity in the Hospitality Industry

Hotel industry in the uk and premier inn.

• Words: 3543

Problems facing tourism in Africa

• Words: 1716

Hospitality Management: Food & Beverage Service

• Words: 1786

Hospitality Industry in Australia

• Words: 1938

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in Relation to the Hospitality Industry

• Words: 1866

Travel Agencies in the 21st Century – Challenges and Prospects

• Words: 2169

Managing Cultural Diversity in the Hospitality Industry

• Words: 2163

Tourism: Current and Future Trends

• Words: 1705

Concept of Cruise Industry

• Words: 1922

Tourism and the balance of payments

• Words: 1661

A comparative analysis of qualitative and quantitative research methods in the hospitality industry

• Words: 1387

Hotel Industry: Choosing the Right Location

• Words: 2204

Tourism Industry: Sectors and Services

• Words: 2811

Code of Ethics in the Hospitality Industry

• Words: 1143

Importance of Hotel Industry

• Words: 3349

Tourism – Environment Relationships

• Words: 1720

Conrad Hilton: Understanding the Hotelier & his Contributions to the Hospitality Industry

Intercontinental hotels and resorts challenges, international tourism trends in 1950 -2010.

• Words: 1171

Tanzania’s Tourism: Criticism and Recommendations

• Words: 1316

The Most Beautiful Place on Earth the Austrian Alps

Itinerary for the trip of a lifetime, african adventure trip.

• Words: 1086

Tourism: Benefits and Costs

• Words: 3498

The Trip of a Lifetime for a Family of Four: Project Plan

• Words: 1017

Travels: the Kenyan Coast

Scotland’s tourism products and destination identity.

• Words: 7921

Adventure tourism and development: Conservation or exploitation

• Words: 1632

Marriott Hotels’ Corporate Social Responsibility

Intercontinental hotels group’s differentiation.

• Words: 3814

Student Trip to the Kenya National Parks

• Words: 10804

UAE Tourist Industry’s External Environment

• Words: 2132

Marriott International Hotel Group’s and Environment

• Words: 2807

Accor Hotel Group’s Strategic Analysis

• Words: 1493

National Tourism Organizations

Two vacation locations: thailand and paris.

• Words: 1927

The Philosophy of Tourism

• Words: 2500

Heritage Tourism vs. Cultural Tourism Definition

• Words: 1951

Destination Marketing and Destination Management in Tourism

• Words: 3612

Tourism in Japan

• Words: 1646

Impact of the Japan Tsunami 2011 Disaster on Tourism and Hospitality Industries

• Words: 3307

Adventure Tourism as a Major Form of Tourism

• Words: 2290

Trip in Taiwan

• Words: 1104

Carrying capacity in relation to a tourist destination

• Words: 1625

Tourism Destinations in Dubai

• Words: 2859

Religion and Tourism Relations

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Tourism IELTS Essay: Sample

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Updated on 27 January, 2024

Kanika Pruthi

Sr. content writer & study abroad expert.

You can readily check out the samples for the advantages and disadvantages of a tourism IELTS essay here. There are 40 minutes that you will get for completing the essay, with the minimum word count being 250. The upper limit is not present in most scenarios. Make sure that you check the samples carefully for the writing style.

Table of Contents

Advantages and disadvantages of tourism ielts essay samples - 2, download ielts sample papers, frequently asked questions, important study abroad articles, study abroad without ielts, advantages and disadvantages of tourism ielts essay samples.

Question-  Describe the advantages and disadvantages of tourism in the modern world .

Essay 1- 

In a time when globalization is sweeping the entire ecosystem, tourism has a crucial responsibility for developing global economies and nations. Nowadays, tourism is what makes widespread economic contributions to all countries, although there are a few negatives as well. This essay talks about the advantages and disadvantages of tourism before concluding with a final opinion. 

The biggest benefits of tourism are quite obvious, i.e., boosting the national GDP and economy and creating more employment for local citizens and communities. Tourists use diverse solutions while traveling, including booking hotels, flights, transportation, and guides. They also require food, shopping, and leisure while indulging in a wide gamut of other activities. This leads to extra income for thousands, which contributes handsomely to the country's economy. Tourism increases the GDP significantly and helps create more employment opportunities. People are always needed as tour guides, operators, booking agents, hotel and restaurant staff, transportation personnel, etc. Tourism thus has huge benefits to bring to the table for any country and its local population. 

Yet, there are some negatives of tourism as well. This includes the rampant damage of several well-known destinations and increased crime or illegal activities. The huge number of tourists thronging popular cultural and historical landmarks and monuments and other centers of pilgrimage lead to major structural and environmental damage. Along with this aspect, national resources are often overused and overexploited for handling this rush of tourists. At the same time, tourists bring their jewelry, money, and other expensive items, becoming targets for anti-social criminals and thieves, leading to a growth in illegal activities and crime. Hence, tourism has some disadvantages as well. However, the Government can take proactive steps to eliminate the same by providing more security and policing while maintaining popular monuments, tourist spots, and natural resources alike. 

To conclude, it can be said that while tourism does have specific disadvantages, it has a positive impact on livelihood, national economies, and overall employment. It also fosters cultural exchange, information gathering, and educational growth. Hence, while Governments may fix the negatives with proactive measures, the positives far outweigh them, in my opinion. (370 words)

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Tourism has witnessed rapid development over several decades, becoming a major industry worldwide. The global tourism sector is responsible for generating a major percentage of economic wealth for several countries. Most developing economies are also hugely dependent upon tourism for earning national income and the smooth operation of several business sectors and industries, along with maintaining their levels of employment generation. Yet, like every other sector and institution, tourism will always have some advantages and disadvantages. Hence, in this article, we will discuss the pros and cons of tourism in detail to have a balanced insight. 

The growth and development of global tourism naturally bring myriad benefits to entire cities, countries, and communities alike. Tourism is one of the biggest foreign exchange sources and boosts the monetary positions of countries by adding to their economy and GPD alike. Whenever tourists visit any other country, they usually use various services and products that enable industries such as hotels and hospitality, airlines, transportation, leisure, food and beverages, souvenirs, apparel, and more. Other benefits of tourism include better relationships and political equations amongst nations, easier travel regulations, and inter-cultural and socio-economic exchange, which fosters better understanding, knowledge, and education overall. Heritage is also promoted and understood by every country at a global level. 

However, there are several disadvantages of tourism as well. Growth in tourism means a higher chance of illegal activities and crime, especially theft, since tourists bring valuables in their wake. Secondly, foreign tourists often damage and vandalize places of national interest and importance. They often litter areas while damaging natural resources and beautiful spots simultaneously. They are often ignorant about social and legal conventions in foreign countries and end up violating the same in some situations. Tourism also opens up avenues for illegal migration and trading illegal items at times. However, despite all these disadvantages, I firmly believe that the advantages surpass them in every sense of the term. (339 words)

In conclusion, tourism undeniably plays a critical role in the global economy and cultural exchange, offering substantial benefits such as economic growth, cultural preservation, and international understanding. However, it also poses challenges including environmental impact, cultural commodification, and economic dependence. Balancing these advantages and disadvantages requires sustainable and responsible tourism practices that respect local cultures, protect natural environments, and promote equitable economic benefits. As the world continues to become increasingly interconnected, understanding and addressing the complexities of tourism is essential for preserving its positive impacts while mitigating its negative effects. This nuanced approach to tourism, embracing both its benefits and challenges, is key to ensuring that it remains a positive force in our global society. Read More About IELTS:

What are the benefits and disadvantages of tourism in the modern world?

Tourism has many advantages in the contemporary world. It promotes global connections and cultural exchange while leading to more information dissemination and helps people experience and understand new things. It helps in new business opportunities, generates direct and indirect employment, adds to the GDP of the country and earnings of the region and its local people, promotes entrepreneurship and also works to promote the country globally. 

The disadvantages include pollution, littering, waste and a strain on the natural resources and infrastructure of the country. Tourism often leads to severe income dependency and may cause fluctuations in the future as a result. It often leads to crime going up in a country owing to the influx of different people. It may cause chaos and congestion as well. Sometimes, over-tourism makes it difficult to preserve and maintain natural and cultural heritage as well.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of tourism IELTS essay?

You will have to answer the question given in the essay which goes as follows-  Describe the advantages and disadvantages of tourism in the modern world . You will have to first provide an introduction talking about the question and your own opinion regarding the same. Then talk about the benefits of tourism in a paragraph, following it up with another paragraph on the negative aspects of tourism. You can then sign off with a conclusion.

What advantages can tourism bring to cities ielts?

You have to write about the distinct tourism advantages for cities. These include the fact that tourism infuses an economic boost for any city along with a steady flow of income and revenues for the Government. It adds to the city’s local economy, creates more jobs and entrepreneurship and also enables inter-cultural exchange and idea/information exchange. It helps a city showcase itself to the world, which brings more business and cultural collaborations in the future.

Why tourism is important for a country IELTS?

Tourism and travel have a huge contribution on the fortunes of any country. This is through not only higher employment and more revenues for the country (that it can spend on infrastructure development) but also through more entrepreneurship, global recognition of a country’s treasures, attractions and achievements and most importantly, the facilitation of cultural and social exchange amongst people of different nations. Travel and tourism plays a vital role in establishing a country’s role in the community of nations.

What are the structures for advantages and disadvantages of tourism essay?

You have to first talk about the given question in your introductory paragraph. You can then state your own opinion in brief about the advantages and disadvantages of tourism. You can then start off with a paragraph detailing the benefits offered by tourism and then talk about the disadvantages of tourism in your essay as well. Thereafter, once these two paragraphs are done, you can write a conclusion, spelling out the topic, your opinion and what you think should be the way forward. This is the basic structure that you can follow in this regard.

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Kanika has 5+ years of experience as a writer and content developer. She has written for a wide range of industry verticals, including hospitality, restaurants, non-profits, finance, IT, HR, technology, payroll, and education. She has worked as a creator for a few leading companies and has also helped brands grow through her creative writing.

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Mass tourism has created more problems than benefits. Discuss this statement by providing examples from your country and from Australia.

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Answer the 'Problem and Solution' topic

Problem-and-solution essays fall naturally into two parts, the first describing and exploring the problem, the second setting out the solution or solutions.

You essay structure should look something like this:

• Introduction
• Body paragraph 1 – Problems
• Body paragraph 2 – Solutions

Examples to start your body paragraph:

• One of the first problems of the...
• Another problem that needs to be considered...
• A possible solution to this problem would be...
• One immediate practical solution is to...

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Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. You should write at least 250 words.

Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. discuss both sides and give your opinion., you booked a exam این athe centre, but you find it not suitable to you. so you should a letter to the centre and send your request about chenge it to other centre. you should write why is not it suitable for you suggest the other place to replace, it is sometimes thought that people who travel outside of their own country are more tolerant and understanding of each others. to what extent do you agree., global warming is actually not real and politicians and media should spend time debating more serious issues such as how to decrease poverty. to what extent do you agree or disagree with the above statement.

Tourism Essay for Students and Children

500+ Words Essay on Tourism

Tourism Essay – Tourism is a major economic activity that has developed significantly over the years. It’s an activity that can be recognized in both developed and developing nations. In general terms, tourism is the movement of a person from one place to another to visit and mesmerize the beauty of that place or to have fun. Moreover, the concept of traveling is considered a luxury and only people with higher income can afford this luxury.

The Growth of Tourism

Earlier our ancestors used to travel by sea routes as it was a convenient and most affordable medium but it was time taking. Due to, technological advancement we can now easily travel to any place without wasting time we can travel thousands of miles within a few hours. Technological advancement has shrunk the earth into a global village. Besides, the modern modes are much safer than the modes that our predecessors used.

Effect of Tourism on a Country

For any country, tourism generates a lot of money especially a country like India. Due to the Taj Mahal (one of the seven wonders of the world) every year the government raise a huge sum of revenue. Also, because of tourism other industries also bloom. Such industries include transportation, wildlife, arts and entertainment, accommodation, etc.

Moreover, this ultimately leads to the creation of job and other opportunities in the area. But there are some drawbacks too which can affect the lifestyle and cultural value of the country.

Importance of Tourism

Traveling is a tiring and difficult thing and not everyone is able to travel. But at the same time, it’s a fun activity that takes your tiredness away. Travelling adds flavor to life as you travel to different places that have a different culture and lifestyle. Also, it’s an easy way to learn about the culture and tradition of a place. Besides, for many areas, tourism is their main source of income.

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India- A Tourist Attraction

The Taj Mahal is not the only destination in India that attract tourist. Likewise, there are hundreds of tourist destination that is spread over the Indian plateau. India has a large variety of Flora and Fauna. Besides, the equator divides the geographical land of India into almost two equal halves that make India a country where six seasons occurs.

Moreover, in almost every city of India, there is a historical monument made by the rulers in their time period.

Benefits of Tourism

Tourism not only benefits the government but also the people that live in the local area. It also creates a business as well as employment opportunities for the local people which ultimately help the government to earn income.

Benefits Due to Tourism

As we know that tourism contributes a lot to the revenue of the country. Also, the government uses this income for the growth and development of the country. Likewise, they construct dams, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, Dharamshala and many more.

In conclusion, we can say that tourism is a very productive activity both for the tourist and the government. As they support each other simultaneously. Also, the government should consider improving the conditions of the country as more and more number of tourist visit their country.

Above all, tourism is one of the fastest-growing industry in the world that has changed the scenario of the world.

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