swot analysis bachelor thesis

SWOT Analysis

All business students are assigned to conduct SWOT analysis, usually at the earlier stages of their studies. This page focuses on the application of SWOT analysis in a business context as a part of academic assignments . This is a comprehensive SWOT resource and it contains an explanation of SWOT theory, an illustration of how to do a SWOT analysis and links to examples of SWOT analysis of major multinational brands. Moreover, SWOT analysis template further below can be used to generate SWOT tables of top multinational companies along a range of industries.

SWOT Analysis: Theory

SWOT is a strategic analytical tool for assessing strengths and weaknesses of a business, analyzing opportunities available to the business, as well as, threats faced by the business. SWOT analysis can be used at organizational and personal levels.

As it is illustrated below, strengths and weaknesses are internal, i.e. businesses are able to influence and to manipulate with their strengths and weaknesses. Opportunities and threats, on the other hand, are external. It means businesses can only react to opportunities and threats and they do not have any means to influence opportunities and threats.

SWOT analysis has important practical implications. Specifically, with findings of SWOT analysis in their hands, the senior level management identify and built upon their strengths, discover new opportunities and work upon eliminating or minimising threats to the business. Accordingly, SWOT can be a powerful aid for senior level management to develop appropriate strategy for the business.

As a strategic analytical tool, SWOT analysis has some weaknesses as well. Specifically, the application of this tool may encourage users to focus on quantity of factors, instead of focusing on a few, but the most powerful factors having the biggest impact on the business. In other words, SWOT analysis lacks guidance and provision in terms of differences in importance between factors. As a result weak strengths may appear to balance strong weaknesses.

The majority of sources explaining SWOT analysis assume that their audience is businesses aiming to improve their operational efficiency. This SWOT analysis resource is different. It explains SWOT analysis assuming that you a business student and you have been assigned to conduct SWOT analysis as a part of your assignment.

How to do SWOT Analysis

You can conduct a SWOT analysis with the following four steps:

Step 1: Selecting a company

If your assignment requires conducting a SWOT analysis, you are either given a case study company by your educational institution or you are free to analyze a company of your own choice. In the first scenario, you have no option but to conduct a SWOT analysis of the company named in your assignment instructions. However, the majority of educational institutions provide students the flexibility to conduct SWOT analysis of a company of their own choice.

Students are often tempted to conduct SWOT analysis of their employer. Choosing your employer as a case study can be a good strategy if you have an access to detailed relevant information. Please note that only descriptive information would not suffice and you will have to justify your arguments by referring to relevant quantitative data. Therefore, if you are not able to find relevant quantitative data about your employer, your best choice could be to conduct SWOT analysis of a multinational enterprise. This is due to the availability of data about the majority multinational enterprises. This portal offers up-to-date sample SWOT analyses of the most famous multinational enterprises as part of company reports .

Step 2: Finding information

If you are conducting a SWOT analysis of a small or medium sized organization such as your employer, family business or a company you are related to in some ways, approaching the company directly may prove to be an efficient strategy to obtain required information. You may try to secure a meeting with a senior level manager and explain practical implications of your SWOT analysis for the business. In other words, you may be able to convince a senior manager that results of your SWOT analysis may provide an important insight into the business and managers can act upon this knowledge to increase the efficiency of the business at various fronts.

Alternatively, if you are conducting SWOT analysis of a multinational enterprise, company annual report is usually the most comprehensive source of the relevant information. Note that annual reports highlight information about strengths of the business within the first few pages and you cannot find information about weaknesses of a company in its annual report for obvious reasons.

Information about Strengths in SWOT Analysis

Information about strengths of the company is easiest to find in your SWOT analysis. Strengths are competitive advantages of the business that made it successful in the first place. In case of small or medium sized organizations, the manager you are interviewing will be happy to discuss the strengths of the business.

In case of multinational companies, on the other hand, the first few pages of annual reports boast about competitive advantages of the business by referring to specific figures and charts. Using some of these charts in your assignment and properly referencing the source is going to increase the quality of your work.

You can determine strengths of businesses in answers to the following questions:

• What advantages does the company have?
• What does the company better than its competitors?
• What unique or low-cost resources are available to the company that are not available to its rivals?
• What Unique Selling Propositions (UPS) are associated with the company?

The following table illustrates the major strengths possessed by businesses and tips about how to discuss these strengths in your swot analysis:

Information about Weaknesses in SWOT Analysis

It may not be easy to find information about weaknesses of small and medium sized businesses. The manager you are interviewing may not want to discuss weaknesses of their business either intentionally, or they may not be aware of weaknesses. It is important for you to motivate your interviewee to discuss weaknesses of their company by asking relevant questions in a polite way.

It is easier with multinational organizations. An extensive online research can reveal relevant information about weaknesses associated with the company you are analyzing.The majority of big corporations have been involved in some kind of scandals during the past two years and you can discuss the damage of these scandals to the brand image as noteworthy weakness of the company.

For example, suppose you have chosen Coca Cola Company for your SWOT analysis assignment. If you google the term ‘Coca Cola scandal’, search results on the top relate to a scandal where the company funded obesity research that downplayed the negative health implications of Coca Cola products. Negative implications of this incident on Coca Cola brand image is brand’s weakness you can discuss in you SWOT analysis.

All arguments and numbers need to be referenced using referencing style required by your educational institution in an appropriate manner. Preference has to be given to online journals and magazines over online discussion forums and personal blogs.

Answers to the following questions can help to identify weaknesses of your case study company:

• What aspects of the business could the company improve?
• What should the company avoid?
• What factors are causing the company to lose sales?
• What aspects of products/services are customers are likely to see as weaknesses?

Major weaknesses of businesses and brief tips about discussing them in your assignment are illustrated in the following table:

Information about Opportunities in SWOT Analysis

Information about opportunities available to the business can be derived from its weaknesses in a way that businesses often have an opportunity to turn their weaknesses into strengths. At the same time, it is important that your SWOT analysis also identifies a set of opportunities that are not related to weaknesses. If you can’t think of any company-specific opportunities, you can discuss business opportunities that can be explored by any business in general, such as new product development, international market expansion and increasing the level of effectiveness of social media marketing. Interesting trends in the industry can also be opportunities for the business.

Opportunities can be identified through answering the following questions:

• What are interesting trends in the market that can be profitably explored by the company?
• What are the demographic and social changes that present new opportunities in the industry?
• Are there any government policies and regulations that can help the industry?
• Are there any opportunities for the company related to technological developments?

The following table illustrates the major opportunities available for businesses and tips about how to discuss these opportunities in your SWOT analysis:

Information about Threats in SWOT Analysis

Threats faced by the business can be classified into two categories. Firstly, there are company-specific threats that stem from company-specific factors such as the threat of losing market share due to ineffective cost structure or the threat of negative media coverage and damage to the brand image due to neglecting the importance of corporate social responsibility. Secondly, there are threats to the industry or to the economy on the whole, such as a threat of introducing tariffs to a certain range of products or the threat of a global economic and financial crisis. You will need to find information about threats belonging to both categories with more emphasis on the threats from the first category, i.e. company-specific threats.

You can identify the main threats to the business through answering the following questions:

• What are the main obstacles faced by the company?
• What are the latest developments in competitor Unique Selling Propositions?
• Does the company have substantial amount of bad debts or cash-flow problems?
• Was the company involved in any scandal recently?

Main threat facing the majority of businesses and brief tips about discussing them in your SWOT analysis are illustrated in the following table:

Step 3: Writing

You can structure your writing of SWOT analysis in the following way:

Firstly, you will need to discuss the company profile, its strategy and the most recent changes that have taken place in the company prior to presenting your SWOT analysis. The length of such a discussion depends on your assignment instructions and the total word count for your assignment.

Secondly, develop a SWOT Analysis Matrix for your chosen company. You can develop a table containing four sections headed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Major strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of your chosen company can be presented in bullet points under respective boxes. These should be precise and verifiable statements.

Using steps 1 and 2 above, you should have long list of factors related to strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the business. Now it is time to prioritize factors to be included in your SWOT analysis by focusing on the most significant factors. The numbers of factors that should be discussed under each category depends on the total word-count for your assignment.

Thirdly, you have to discuss bullet points in your SWOT table. Your analysis needs to contain statistical data and ideally graphs and tables as well. Do not forget to reference sources, using referencing system  required by your university. Moreover, you can discuss how to address weaknesses and threats identified as a result of your SWOT analysis and get additional marks for your work.

SWOT Analysis Example

This portal contains example SWOT analysis of the following companies:

SWOT is an acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to organizations. The following table illustrates SWOT analysis:

SWOT Analysis Template

Please choose an industry and a company below to generate a SWOT table containing bullet points of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of your chosen company. In order to complete the SWOT analysis you will need to expand the bullet points into a couple of paragraphs with discussions and references from reliable sources to support your arguments.

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How to Write a SWOT Analysis Paper

Successful businesses and people have been conducting SWOTs since at least the mid-twentieth century and have refined the process over time. The four categories you will explore in your SWOT analysis paper are Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O), and Threats (T). You can use SWOT analysis to help you assess your position in project planning, business development , finance, relationships, or for personal growth. Since SWOT analysis papers are usually assigned in business school or associated with business planning, we will focus on the steps for writing a SWOT analysis paper for business, but keep in mind that the process can be tailored to any situation—professional or personal.

If this process sounds laborious or daunting, do not fret: As with most things, conducting a SWOT analysis will get easier the more you do it, and eventually it might become an essential part of all of your decision-making processes. As you evaluate your business's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, you will gain skills and insights that can help you evaluate yourself, your business, and various decisions you are facing.

Better than a pros and cons list

Perhaps you are thinking, This sounds just like a pros and cons list . A SWOT analysis provides more information than a simple pros and cons list, and it makes it easier to identify potential action items and areas for growth. SWOT analysis considers more than just the pros and cons of a situation: It helps you identify internal and external factors that contribute to or inhibit your success.

Strengths and Weaknesses are generally considered internal factors, so they are things that you or your company can control or can work to improve.

Opportunities and Threats are typically external factors that occur outside of your business (i.e., things that you cannot control), but they are things that could significantly affect you or your business.

Identify your objective/goal

To get the most benefit from your SWOT analysis, be as specific as possible with your objective . If you are analyzing a business, consider focusing on one particular aspect of the business.

The best way to formulate your paper is to use a SWOT analysis chart to organize your thoughts before you actually start writing.

Write down the initial strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, or threats that come to mind when you consider the objective. Use bullet points to separate items, be specific, and remember that you do not have to write in complete sentences on this chart. To be sure that you explore all applicable points, consider the following questions:

• What does the business do best?
• What do people like about it?
• What draws people to the business?
• What does the business offer that competitors can't or don't offer?
• What puts the business at a disadvantage?
• Consider employee feedback and customer reviews: Are there any items that multiple people have identified as issues?
• In what areas does the business have less resources than competitors?
• Why do potential clients choose a competitor over you?
• What areas would you like to improve?

Be honest as you assess the business's weaknesses. Consider what aspects put your business at a disadvantage or what factors limit your growth potential. If you shy away from identifying weaknesses in this step, your SWOT analysis will not be effective or beneficial. Although it can be painful to identify weaknesses that are currently holding you back from personal or business growth, identifying and exploring these areas will give you the opportunity to improve. If you are uncertain if an item should be classified as a Weakness or a Threat , remember that Weaknesses are internal (things within the business that you can work to change) and Threats are external (things you have little or no control over). Also, accurately identifying weaknesses might help you recognize potential opportunities and/or threats.

Opportunities

• Are there any potential market trends that suggest growth in your field in the coming year?
• Does the business have any possible partnerships or sponsorships on the horizon?
• Is the business considering expanding or developing new product lines or specialties?

In addition to any obvious opportunities, look at the strengths you've listed and see if there are any ways that you can turn strengths into opportunities.

• Is the business affected by government policy? If so, are there any potential policy changes in the future?
• What obstacles prevent you from doing more business or making more sales? Be specific and list them all.
• Do you have periods of unreliable cash flow that threaten the business?
• Does the weather or season affect the business?

Once you have listed all the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, prioritize the results in each category from most impactful to least. Prioritizing your results in each of the four categories will help you visualize each item's importance so you can see how it relates to the other areas.

Writing the SWOT analysis paper

Now that you have filled out the SWOT chart and prioritized your SWOT results, you have the basic information to begin drafting your SWOT analysis paper. As with any professional paper, start with a strong introduction and state your objection and the focus of your SWOT analysis. In the next four paragraphs, describe the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats that you prioritized on your SWOT analysis chart. If you have more items for each category than can comfortably fit in a paragraph, consider condensing your list. As you review the lists in each category, eliminate redundancies and consolidate similar items. If you still have too many items to fit in one paragraph after condensing, include one to three bullet points per paragraph, and try to keep the paragraphs balanced. For example, if you write three paragraphs for strengths, try to write three paragraphs for the other three categories as well.

Once you have identified and described your SWOTs, you can use your SWOT analysis chart to develop strategies and create a plan to achieve your business goals. The analysis is the most essential part of the SWOT analysis paper, because in this portion you will create action items and develop plans that can lead to future success. Assess each of the four areas (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and look for commonalities or links between the categories. Some things to consider during this step:

• Can you use one of your strengths to address a threat?
• Look for ways to use your strengths to minimize your weaknesses.
• How can you use your strengths to seize growth opportunities?
• Is there a way to use your strengths to overcome threats?
• Are there any weaknesses that you can address and eliminate?
• Can you balance out a weakness by pursuing one of your opportunities?
• Are your weaknesses preventing you from capitalizing on opportunities?
• Are your weaknesses enhancing the likelihood that the business will suffer from a threat? If so, look to your strengths and see if there is a way to draw from your strengths to reduce the potential impact of the threat.

As you find connections between the bullet points in the four quadrants of your chart, start writing to generate ideas that you can turn into action. You can come back to edit these sentences and perfect these ideas later, but go ahead and record the thoughts now so you do not miss any potential connections. As you identify how different bullet points relate to each other, prioritize items that will generate revenue or reduce expenditure. Now, assess the action items that you have identified and put them in the order that makes the most sense to you. You can arrange your action items in the order that you would like to address them, or you can arrange them in the order that would make the most financial impact on the business. Organize the paragraphs in this section of the paper in your preferred order.

Now that you have performed a comprehensive SWOT analysis and identified action items to enhance strengths and reduce weaknesses, write a strong conclusion paragraph summarizing the most important findings. Keep in mind the purpose of your SWOT analysis paper here: If you intend to share this information with potential investors, make sure that you present a clear vision for growth and that you are realistic about how you will address weaknesses and potential threats. The crucial last step for any paper is to proofread, edit, and revise as needed. Now that you have completed your SWOT analysis and identified action plans, consider if applying a SWOT analysis to another aspect of your business or area of your life. Make a note in your calendar and conduct another SWOT analysis on this issue in six to twelve months so you can measure progress towards your goals.

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SWOT Analysis – Your Guide to Success

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In this article, you will discover everything you need to know about the method of SWOT analysis. You may be wondering what SWOT stands for – Strengths, and Weaknesses, the Opportunities, and Threats, and is the preferred method of analysing various aspects of a business.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 SWOT Analysis - FAQ
• 2 SWOT Analysis: Definition
• 3 How to do a SWOT analysis the right way
• 4 Questions that can help inspire a SWOT Analysis
• 5 In a Nutshell

SWOT Analysis - FAQ

What is a swot analysis used for.

The SWOT analysis method is the most popular technique used to focus and analyse certain aspects of a business. Using this method will reveal potential weaknesses and even future failures a business may face, the aspects of the business that may be working well, as well as highlighting any hazards or areas where competitors may be able to overtake you. Using the SWOT analysis can enable you to grow, to develop and to better strategise your business, which in turn will streamline and catapult your business ahead of the competition.

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How do you write a good SWOT analysis?

Writing a good SWOT analysis guide doesn’t have to be a daunting and difficult process. Sit down with members of the team or people you trust and discuss your business in depth. On a piece of paper, write down the words, Strengths, and Weaknesses, the Opportunities, and Threats and write a few relevant points under each word. Really think about your business – how do you deliver your product or services?

Do we know what our competition is doing? What do we do well and how can we improve? It may be beneficial to consider the Strengths and Weaknesses of your business as internal factors – things that you can improve within your team and organization such as the processes and quality. On the other hand, it may be beneficial to think of Opportunities and Threats as factors that are external, such as the economy, competition and customers.

Why is a SWOT analysis important?

The work of conducting a SWOT analysis is vital to the success of your business. It is a good way to see which processes work well for your business and highlights areas where further research or investment may be required. Spending valuable time conducting this analysis will allow you to make the necessary changes and in turn, will catapult the business ahead of your competition. It’s important to continue these analyses regularly as the business grows and progresses to ensure a smooth and streamlined delivery.

What are the benefits of using SWOT analysis?

The benefits of using the SWOT analysis method are endless. For little to no cost, you can gain an understanding of the fundamentals of the main aspects of your business. You are able to foresee any hazards or weaknesses, enjoy more opportunities, get ahead of your competition, and you’ll also garner the respect of your team as you show your willingness to improve.

Are there any limitations to using the SWOT analysis?

Whilst there are a number of benefits to using the SWOT analysis method, there are a small number of limitations. Whilst conducting the analysis will highlight any issues or hazards, the method isn’t able to offer solutions for improvement. Another limitation may be that if there are many improvements that need to be made, it may be difficult to prioritise the issues highlighted. When conducting this analysis, a lot of information and suggestions will be discussed and although not always useful, take time to really think about the steps needed to make the changes.

SWOT Analysis: Definition

When discussing the importance of SWOT analysis, it is defined as being a useful framework to analyse an organization’s Strengths, Weaknesses, the Opportunities, and Threats. The SWOT analysis will highlight areas that require particular concentration or investment in order to streamline, grow and present even more opportunities for the business.

How to do a SWOT analysis the right way

If you’re planning on conducting a SWOT analysis, you should follow this method. It’s vital that you have a structure so that you can analyse each aspect of your business successfully.

You should call upon your team and ask them to share openly and honestly where they feel improvements and perhaps investment should be made. Your team should know that you’re actively looking for this feedback to make the organization as successful as possible.

Draw a table, such as a SWOT Analysis Matrix where you write out the words – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats with a box underneath where notes can be made.

Use brainstorming techniques which will allow you to learn and expand your own skillset. You could even ask customers and suppliers for their own feedback when it comes to working with the business to understand their own experiences and to know if there is anything that can be improved.

Questions that can help inspire a SWOT Analysis

Here are some questions that may make your SWOT analysis easier to discuss:

In a Nutshell

Here is a short summary when considering SWOT analysis:

• A way to understand the fundamental factors of a business that concentrates on its Strengths, Weaknesses, the Opportunities, and Threats
• It can allow you to make the relevant changes and improvements which can provide more opportunities and is a way to get ahead of the competition
• It is an extremely cost effective way to streamline and improve your business
• SWOT analysis may provide too much information without revealing the solutions
• A simple table or a conversation can be a way to extend skillsets and gains trust

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• Bachelor's / Master's Theses
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• Studies Energy Economics
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• Bachelor's and Master's Theses Chair of Energy Economics

Life cycle assessment, SWOT analysis and market study of innovative sulfur-based materials/products

• type: Masterarbeit
• Date: ab sofort

Dr. Rebekka Volk

Link zur Ausschreibung

Background Climate change demands for greenhouse gas reduction or mitigation and multiple energy and resource efficiency actions. However, it needs to be assessed, if and how new materials/products really contribute to (inter)national sustainability goals and to climate goals and circular economy in particular. Also, it is necessary to assess the associated cost to discuss and decide on favorable framework conditions for their usage.

Content of the work Aim of the thesis is the data collection and assessment of new sulfur materials and products . Sulfur (S8) is an ample available element that is a byproduct e.g. of petroleum refining. Due to many possible applications, first a promising material and most relevant applications should be identified and selected. Then, a SWOT or similar analysis should be performed to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities/potentials and threads/risks. Then, the thesis should include a simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) with its main outcomes of CO2e emissions and primary energy demand. For this, a revision of relevant literature and expert interviews with fellow researchers have to be performed to collect data. Third, the LCA should be performed with openLCA or Gabi software. The calculations should be done for a case study material/product and can be associated with a market study. Furthermore, the assessment should include the comparison with traditional materials/ products that could be replaced by the new sulfur-based material/product.

Requirements This thesis is suitable for students in industrial engineering or similar fields. Intrinsic motivation, proactiveness and affinity to numbers are helpful. The preferred language of the thesis is English. You will be able to enhance your knowledge on new, sustainable materials, industrial ecology and circular economy. Furthermore, you will gain proficiency and expertise in technoeconomic and environmental assessments and LCA software.