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What Is PRINCE2? Principles, Aspects, Roles & Processes

Table of Contents

What is prince2, seven principles of prince2, six aspects of prince2.

• PRINCE2 Roles & Responsibilities

Seven PRINCE2 Processes

Prince2 certification, prince2 vs. pmp, prince2 and projectmanager.

Different methodologies like PRINCE2 work for different projects, industries, tools and teams. These project management methodologies can be approached rigidly, or can be mixed, where a hybrid project management methodology of two or more are used to respond to the unique aspects of a project environment.

Project managers who aren’t based in the United Kingdom might not be intimate with the PRINCE2 methodology of managing a project, which is the UK government standard. Although foreign to some outside of the United Kingdom, there’s still much to be gained from the PRINCE2 project management method, even if it isn’t adopted in its entirety.

We’ll go over the main components of the PRINCE2 project management methodology, which are:

• PRINCE2 Principles
• PRINCE2 Aspects
• PRINCE2 Roles and Responsibilities
• PRINCE2 Processes

But before we dive into that, let’s define what PRINCE2 is.

PRINCE2 is a project management methodology that is mostly used in the UK, Australia and European countries. “PRINCE2” stands for Projects IN Controlled Environments, because this method focuses on managing resources and risks by dividing projects into smaller stages, defining clear roles & responsibilities and using seven processes to manage the project life cycle.

By organizing the project into logical steps, PRINCE2 demands a project management framework that has an organized and controlled project plan before starting, one that maintains its organization through the project life cycle.

The control is achieved by seven PRINCE2 processes that compose a project, from start to finish. That involves planning and scheduling. ProjectManager is award-winning project management software with online Gantt charts that are a perfect fit for the PRINCE2 methodology. Our powerful Gantt charts break project phases into milestones and link all four types of task dependencies to manage your schedule. Once you have a plan in place, set the baseline to capture your progress. Get started today for free.

History of PRINCE2

Now that we have an idea of what PRINCE2 is, let’s take a quick look at its origins. First established in 1989 by the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) , the PRINCE2 method was originally based on PROMPT, another acronym that stands for Project Resource Organization Management Planning Technique, which was created in 1975 and used by the United Kingdom government for its information system projects. PRINCE2 was finally published as a project management methodology in 1996, and surprisingly, it is in the public domain.

There are seven principles that are the basis for PRINCE2 methodology. All must be followed for the project management methodology to be considered PRINCE2. These seven principles are a framework for a PRINCE2 mindset and they are as follows.

1. Continued Business Justification

The most important document in PRINCE2 is the business case , which is reviewed and revised throughout the life cycle of the project. This is done to make sure the project remains viable. If not, the project ends.

2. Learn From Experience

There is a lesson log attached to every project that acts as a repository for lessons learned in previous projects to avoid repeating past mistakes. The lesson log is referred to throughout the project. You can get started with our free lessons learned template.

3. Roles and Responsibilities Are Defined

Project members can take on multiple roles or share a role. There are four levels that make up the structure of people in a project: corporate, project board, project manager and team .

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4. Manage by Stages

PRINCE2 is planned ahead and follows a stage-by-stage process. When transitioning between stages the business cast, risk and project plan are all updated.

5. Manage by Exception

There are what are called tolerances for each project objective. This creates limits and defines how authority is delegated. If the tolerance is exceeded the management team must decide if that tolerance is redefined.

6. Focus on Products

The quality requirements of deliverables are of paramount concern.

7. Tailor to Suit Project Environment

The size, complexity, importance, time, risk, etc., or the project environment , is used to tailor the project in the initiation phase and throughout each stage of the project.

The PRINCE2 methodology identifies six aspects or areas that need to be managed in every project. Project managers need to use KPIs to measure performance goals and project tolerances.

What’s the work needed to complete the project? The details of the project scope should be explained in the project plan.

How much does your project cost? The project costs are detailed in the project plan as well.

How long will it take to complete your project? Each project phase is explained in the project plan, as well as the project duration.

Related: Free Gantt Chart Template for Excel

What are your project risks ? You’ll need a risk management approach to determine the mitigation strategies that will be used.

What are the quality requirements of your clients or stakeholders? You’ll need to have quality control and assurance procedures in place to meet quality standards.

What are the expected benefits of your project? Every project needs a business case and a cost-benefit analysis to explain its purpose and financial or strategic benefits.

PRINCE2 Roles & Responsibilities

To create a controlled project environment, roles and responsibilities are clearly defined in the PRINCE2 project management methodology. Here are the main roles that make up a PRINCE2 project management team.

Project Manager

The project manager is the one who is responsible for managing the project planning, execution, controlling and closure phases.

Project Manager Key Responsibilities

• Assemble a project team and monitor its performance
• Create a project plan that includes a schedule and budget
• Communicate with the with the project board and customers

Team Manager

Depending on the size of your project, you might need a team manager to closely supervise team members and report to the project manager.

There’s also a customer, user or supplier involved in the project. This is the person or organization that is paying for the project and will be impacted somehow by its outcome.

Customer Key Responsibilities

• Understand important project management documents such as a project plan, project brief , risk register or business case
• Provide enough funds to cover the project’s resource requirements

Project Board

Finally, there’s a project board, which is made up of the customer and business executives, such as a person who represents the user side and another representing the suppliers or specialists involved in the project.

Project Board Key Responsibilities

• The project board members are in charge of the high-level decision-making process.
• Communicate with the project manager on a regular basis and approve or reject his initiatives

The PRINCE2 project management methodology uses seven processes to manage projects. As PRINCE2 is a controlled environment method, the role of the project manager, project board and customer are defined so everyone’s on the same page.

1. Start Up the Project

This is where it’s determined whether the project is viable. To do so, a project brief, business case and a detailed stage plan must be created.

You should also create a project initiation document , another important PRINCE2 document that summarizes the key aspects of your project. Also, it’s important to do due diligence before the project is executed to save time and money once the project has started.

2. Initiate the Project

During this process, you’ll need to define the project aspects that we mentioned above; scope, costs, timescales, risk, quality and benefits. A project initiation document template can help.

3. Direct the Project

This process is to help the project board be accountable to the project through their decision-making. They have the authority on initiating the project, deliver its product and close the project. They also offer direction and control during the project. Additionally, they work with corporate entities or program management and review post-project benefits.

Activities related to this process include authorizing the initiation, the project itself and the stages of the project. Another direction is offered as needed until project closure is authorized.

4. Control Stages

This is where the project manager assigns tasks, monitors that work deals with whatever issues arise and reports on its progress to the project board.

Activities in this process include authorizing a work package with the team, reviewing its status and progress, and checking on its quality when complete. One must also review and compare progress to the project plan, capture any issues and risks and act to resolve them.

5. Manage Product Delivery

This process manages the delivery of the project product, controlling the work between the project manager and the team.

Activities associated with this process include accepting the work package , executing the work package and delivering the work package to make sure it’s complete.

6. Manage Stage Boundary

There are two parts to this process: firstly, the project manager provides the project board with an overview of performance, updates the project plan and business case, and creates a plan for the next stage. Secondly, the information provided by the project manager will help the project board review the current stage, approve the next and review the updated plan.

Activities include planning the next stage and reporting on the stage end.

7. Close the Project

This process is about making sure the project achieved its goals and objectives by the deadline. Sometimes project managers prepare the planned closure and the premature closure, but that’s not required.

Mandatory activities include handing over the product, evaluating the project and recommending its closure to the project board to officially close it out.

PRINCE2 has a course of study that leads to a certification in the methodology. The course requires the user to take the training with an accredited training organization and then pass an exam. It can be done in person or online.

There are four levels of certification in the PRINCE2 project management methodology:

• PRINCE2 2017 Foundation
• PRINCE2 2017 Practitioner
• PRINCE2 Agile Foundation
• PRINCE2 Agile Practitioner

Prices for the certification course and exam range from $550 to around $1,000 USD, depending on which level and certified training organization you choose.

There are as many project management certification programs and it can be difficult to decide which ones you need as a professional project manager. Without a doubt, one of the most popular project management certifications it’s the project management professional (PMP) title awarded by the project management institute (PMI) .

So which project management certification it’s best for you? Basically, these certifications differ in that they offer two different project management frameworks. PMP requires proficiency in the PMBOK Guide to Project Management Book of Knowledge , published by the Project Management Institute (PMI), while PRINCE2 requires knowledge of all the principles, aspects and processes.

Therefore, research both project management methodologies and see which is the best fit for you. Some industries prefer one framework over the other. PRINCE2 is more used in the United Kingdom, Europe and Australia, while PMP is used more in the United States, Canada and the Middle East.

PRINCE2 is a project management methodology to manage projects and bring them in on time, within budget and with a quality deliverable. Whether you use PRINCE2 or a more agile framework to run your project, the goals are the same. It doesn’t matter how you do it, using ProjectManager helps you do it better.

Real-Time Updates for Better Tracking

Our project management software is cloud-based, which means that when statuses are updated that information is instantly reflected across the project management tool. Project managers can make data-driven decisions. There is a high-level view on the dashboard for tracking progress, and reporting features drill down into the data for a more granular look.

Multiple Project Views

What if your team isn’t working in PRINCE2? Our software acts like a bridge linking traditional project management methodologies to more agile frameworks. For example, our kanban board view visualizes workflow and allows teams to build backlogs and manage sprints, even as project managers control the overall project by using PRINCE2.

Control your project no matter how you manage it. ProjectManager has the flexibility to work with PRINCE2 or any method you prefer to run your project.

Whether you use PRINCE2 or another methodology to manage your project, you’ll need tools to control the work through all of its stages. ProjectManager is a cloud-based project management software that works with multiple project management methodologies. From its real-time dashboard to online Gantt charts, you hold the reins. See how it can help you by taking this free 30-day trial today!

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• What is the PRINCE2 project management ...

What is the PRINCE2 project management methodology?

PRINCE2 is a project management methodology that's extremely focused on organization and control. PRINCE stands for "PRojects IN Controlled Environments." Learn about how the seven key principles of PRINCE2 can help your team keep projects organized and achieve your goals.

Did you know there’s a project management methodology that’s practiced in over 150 countries? With over a million certified practitioners, PRINCE2 is one of the most well-known and widely recognized forms of project management.

What is PRINCE2?

The history of prince2.

This project management methodology was first established in 1989 by the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) . It was originally based on a methodology used by the United Kingdom’s government, known as Project Resource Organization Management Planning Technique (PROMPT). The UK government used PROMPT primarily for information system projects. 

PRINCE2 started out as just PRINCE, and this first iteration focused on managing IT projects. During the 1990s, managers realized that PRINCE’s techniques could be applied to any type of project, not just IT. After a rewrite to remove any mention of IT-specific jargon, PRINCE2 was launched in 1996.

Benefits of PRINCE2 project management

There's a reason why the PRINCE2 methodology is one of the most popular forms of project management in the world. Here’s why so many teams choose PRINCE2 to run successful projects.

PRINCE2 is a highly recognized form of project management

There are millions of PRINCE2 practitioners all over the world. The PRINCE2 method is recognized by the Project Management Institute (PMI) as a compatible methodology with the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) and the Project Management Professional (PMP®) certification . 

There are several training courses and different PRINCE2 certifications you can take to learn about the PRINCE2 project management method. If you're specifically looking to become a project manager, learning the PRINCE2 process and receiving a certification can help your career long-term.

PRINCE2 is a good beginner methodology

If your team has never used any sort of project management methodology before, PRINCE2 is a good place to start. Because there’s a simple yet defined process, your team has clear steps to follow even if they’ve never implemented a project management process before.

PRINCE2 is also a great way to teach your team members. Its clear principles and phases can help guide your team through essential project management skills such as project planning, time management, and communication skills. These skills are not unique to PRINCE2—they’re universal across all project management methodologies. So if your team ever decides PRINCE2 isn’t right for them, your team members will still have learned useful skills they can apply to any project.

If your team is thinking about using a form of Agile, PRINCE2 Agile is a great place to start. PRINCE2 Agile builds upon the basics established in the standard PRINCE2 process, and applies them with the Agile methodology .

PRINCE2 is extremely flexible

While the original PRINCE technique was built with IT in mind, PRINCE2 was built to accommodate any kind of project in any industry. One of the foundational principles of PRINCE2 is to use it as a framework, and not hard set rules. It's intended for you to bend it to your project's needs.

The PRINCE2 methodology works extremely well with work management software . The process driven structure paired with software makes it easy for your team to create clear tasks with specific dates an owners. Team members, stakeholders, and the project board can quickly jump in and track project progress asynchronously . By using a collaborative workspace, your team will consistently have up-to-date information about your project status and any important updates.

PRINCE2 project roles

One of the major benefits of using the PRINCE2 methodology is clarity. Some project management methodologies have looser guidelines, but each team member using PRINCE2 has a clear and designated role. These roles have their own specific set of expectations and responsibilities. Here are some key roles you will see in a PRINCE2 project.

Project manager : The main individual responsible for project planning, executing the project, and moving the project along. 

Team manager: If your team is very large, there may be a team manager to assist the project manager. A team manager helps supervise the production of items and also manages the time and workload of each team member.

Customer: The customer is the person who receives the final project deliverable. This can be an external customer, contractor, or internal team. For example, your IT team may be working to create a better onboarding process. The end customers in this case are hiring managers and new hires.

Team members: These are the individuals who are responsible for creating the final deliverable. Because PRINCE2 is such a process-driven methodology, assigning specific roles for each team member is important. How you delegate tasks is up to the project manager or team manager.

Project board : A group of people who make high-level decisions for your project. Typically, the project board is made up of business executives, and in some cases, end customers.

6 key aspects of a PRINCE2 project

Every PRINCE2 project has these six characteristics, which the project manager tracks as the project progresses. Some of them link directly to key PRINCE2 principles (which we explain in the next section), while others are just important information for your team to know as they progress through the project. Here are six aspects that you'll find in every PRINCE2 project.

Project scope: This clearly outlines what goals, deadlines, and project deliverables your project is working towards.

Costs: This is how much money your project will cost. The goal is to calculate this as close as you can to prevent going over your project budget . 

Timescales: This is the amount of time your project will take to complete. PRINCE2 projects typically have a set deadline created by the project board. Timescales help team members by giving them an estimated timeline to complete each task. 

Risk: There’s inherent risk with every project because we can’t control everything. Part of PRINCE2 includes establishing a risk management process to proactively identify what risks your team may encounter and mitigate any issues.

Quality: In PRINCE2, it's necessary to create a quality register, or something that clearly defines the standards of production for all deliverables. This ensures that the final deliverable meets your team’s highest standards and satisfies customer expectations.

Benefits: PRINCE2 requires that every project has a clear business justification. This is similar to a project charter , but the requirements all depend on what your project board wants to see before approving the project.

The 7 phases of a PRINCE2 project

In addition to the seven principles of PRINCE2, there are also seven phases that guide your team from project initiation to project closure . 

Starting up a project: The project team submits a project plan using a project mandate, which is a rough outline of what the project entails. This provides a general idea of the project and clearly defines the business case . Once approved (often by the project board) the project team creates a more detailed project brief .

Directing: The project board reviews the project briefs and decides what’s required for the team to move forward. This could mean altering some aspects of the project brief to accommodate for resources or time.

Initiating a project: The project board chooses a project manager to lead and create an even more detailed project plan. This includes the baselines for time, cost, quality, scope, risk, and benefits. The project can officially begin once the project board fully approves the project plan the manager creates. 

Controlling: During this phase, the project manager breaks down parts of the project to make them more manageable. They then delegate these smaller portions to individual team members to work on and complete.

Managing product delivery: The project manager ensures the project is progressing smoothly and that deliverables meet the quality set by the quality register. The project board then reviews the deliverables and decides whether to approve the work, or request any changes or additional work for the project.

Managing stage boundaries: At the end of each stage, the project board holds a review to decide if the project should continue moving forward, or if the team should abandon the project. 

Closing : The project manager completes any final documentation, outcomes, and reporting before completely ending the lifecycle of this project.

PRINCE2 practitioner certifications

You don’t have to have a project management certification to use PRINCE2 on your team. That said, there are a few training courses and exam options that can help improve and demonstrate your proficiency with the methodology. 

PRINCE2 foundation exam: Measures foundation-level skills to demonstrate if you can act as an informed member of a PRINCE2 project management team. 

PRINCE2 practitioner exam: Measures whether you can apply PRINCE2 to running and managing a basic project. 

PRINCE2 Agile foundation exam: Measures whether you can act as an informed member of a project management team and understand how PRINCE2 works with Agile concepts like Scrum and Kanban. 

PRINCE2 Agile practitioner exam: Measures whether you can apply Agile methods to managing your own PRINCE2 projects. 

When choosing PRINCE2 training or a PRINCE2 foundation and practitioner exam, be sure to check that it’s offered by an accredited training organization. In addition, check that your professional certification training focuses on the most recent version of PRINCE2—for example, the PRINCE2 6th edition.

Organize your PRINCE2 project with work management software

If you're thinking about organizing your team's project with the PRINCE2 methodology, using work management software can help. With a work management tool like Asana , your team can easily establish clear roles, create templates to guide projects through each PRINCE2 stage, and delegate tasks to other team members.

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A guide to PRINCE2: Principles, themes, and processes

In the world of product management, millions of projects fail every day. On the other hand, tons of other projects succeed. So, what sets a successful project apart from failed ones?

Successful projects require strategic planning and systematic execution. To accomplish these goals, project management methodologies have emerged that help streamline processes and maintain consistency. The two most used methodologies are the project management methodology (PMM) by PMI and PRojects In Controlled Environments (PRINCE2) by Axelos .

In this article, you will learn what PRINCE2 is, when and how to use it, and strategies for maximizing its effectiveness within your team.

What is PRINCE2?

PRINCE2 is a product-focused project management methodology. PRINCE2 built its own principles and processes on product-based planning. Instead of emphasizing managing a project, PRINCE2 concentrates on identifying, defining, and managing products.

In the eyes of PRINCE2, products can be any tangible deliverable, such as new zero-to-one products, features, enhancements, or even services. PRINCE2 also makes sure that these produced products generate tangible and intangible business outcomes that align with the company’s mission, vision, and objectives.

When to use PRINCE2

PRINCE2 takes a systemic approach to project management. It is not suitable for all types of projects. PRINCE2 works best for:

Defined requirement projects

Standard projects, projects with external stakeholders.

The PRINCE2 methodology emphasizes starting with clearly defined deliverables. Throughout the process, PRINCE2 helps the project team define the deliverables and the outcomes of each stage before the start of the project.

Projects for governments and major corporations need some degree of formality and clear governance structure. PRINCE2 offers projects with a shared language, process, and defined roles and responsibilities. These components can be beneficial to establish the project management ecosystem for such projects.

Whether it’s API integration or even an outsourcing-based project, Prince2 provides a clear process to deal with vendors in an effective manner. The process includes all aspects like communication methods, expectations management, and a collaboration structure.

PRINCE2 components

PRINCE2 has three major components:

For a project to be called a PRINCE2 project, it should utilize the seven principles specified by PRINCE2. These principles ensure alignment between the project and the business goals. These principles are:

Continued business justification

Learn from experience, defined roles and responsibilities, manage by stages, manage by exception, focus on products, tailor to suit the project environment.

This principle encourages the project team and board to revisit the business feasibility of the project. For example, if a company is building a SaaS platform for restaurants, it must reassess the market demand, the need, financial viability, and the competition in fixed and planned times throughout the project lifecycle to ensure that the project will still generate positive business results for the company.

Project teams should record all lessons learned from past organizational projects, reflect on the learning, and apply the lessons to improve the performance of the project. For example, If a company is building a B2B e-commerce solution, it should have a lessons learned log or registry to log all lessons learned throughout the project (think of it as the results of an agile retrospective). This way, if the company builds a similar project later on, they can go back and learn from all recorded lessons.

The project manager leading the project team should establish clear roles and responsibilities among the team members.

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Instead of managing projects as one major milestone, PRINCE2 suggests breaking the project down into manageable and agreed on stages. For example, a project can be broken down based on deliverables (e.g., build feature X before feature Y), or by activities (milestone X: Design the feature, milestone Y: Implement the feature).

The project board should delegate some decision-making authority to the project manager within a defined threshold. This can also apply to the project managers who can set tolerance for the decision-making process, granting authority to some of the team members to make daily decisions.

Project managers and boards should always start by defining the outcomes (products) rather than entirely focusing on the process. Focusing on tangible outcomes ensures harmony and alignment among the project team.

Have PMs study their environment well before applying PRINCE2. PRINCE2 should be tailored to fit the organizational and project needs. For example, a small marketing project might work well with PRINCE2, but not every single procedure can add value to the project team. Some processes will only add unnecessary waste.

PRINCE2 themes are the areas that must be addressed throughout the lifecycle of the project. In other words, a theme is a key part of the project that needs specific and dedicated consideration and planning. PRINCE2 themes provide project managers with a structured approach to overseeing and managing their projects. These themes are:

• Business case — Focus on establishing clear business goals and solving the right problems
• Change — Establish clear guidelines and procedures to manage the project’s change requests
• Organization — Build the right project team structure to execute flawlessly
• Plans — Come up with a complete project plan that contains elements like the project approach, required resources, timelines, and deliverables
• Progress — Procedures to monitor and control the project’s progress in terms of execution and in terms of generating the required outcome
• Quality — Define quality standards for organizational projects while delivering project deliverables that meet these standards
• Risk — Identify, assess, manage, and mitigate project risks. Collaborate with other stakeholders to come up with strategies to eliminate those risks

PRINCE2 defines a set of sequenced activities that are compatible with its seven principles to guide the project team throughout the project lifecycle . The exact steps inside each of the processes change according to the project and company nature. These processes are:

• Starting up a project
• Initiating a project
• Directing a project
• Managing a stage boundary
• Controlling a stage
• Managing product delivery
• Closing a project

How to master PRINCE2

Individuals interested in working in a PRINCE2 environment or leading projects using the PRINCE2 methodology often opt for one of two certificates: the PRINCE2 foundation certificate or the PRINCE2 practitioner certificate . The second is suited more for professionals who want to prove their credibility.

To become a PRINCE2 practitioner, you must pass an open-book proctored exam consisting of 68 questions with a mark of 55 percent or more. Before earning the certificate, you should submit proof of earning one of the other project management certificates or the PRINCE2 foundation certificate (the full list is available on the attached link).

Axelos doesn’t offer official training. However, it partners with multiple worldwide training providers to help professionals prepare for the exam. I would recommend the mplaza course package that comes with a 48-hours course, two practice projects, four sample exams, and the exam voucher to be redeemed at Axelos.

Final thoughts

PRINCE2 is a system-oriented and effective project management methodology that doubles down on the traditional success pillars of clear communication, continuous business justification, cross-functional collaboration, and systematic project monitoring and control. However, following PRINCE2 doesn’t guarantee your project will succeed. It’s only a way to minimize the risk of failure.

Implementing PRINCE2 is not a straightforward task. It requires a huge investment from your organization. To apply it successfully to projects, you must be committed to the process and undergo extensive training.

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What Is PRINCE2? Methodology, Principles, Roles & Processes

Among various project management methodologies, PRINCE2 has proven to be very useful and effective in project management .

If you want to use a methodology that allows you to manage projects in a controlled environment, the PRINCE2 method is perfect for you. With this methodology, carrying out an entire project is easy.

This article covers everything you need about PRINCE2, including the PRINCE2 techniques and certifications.

Let’s get started.

What is PRINCE2?

PRINCE2 is an effective project management methodology widely used in most of the world and by teams in over 150 countries. The full form of PRINCE is “Projects In Controlled Environments.”

In 1989, a UK government support agency called the CCTA (the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency) developed PRINCE2.

Before PRINCE2 (the second edition of the PRINCE method), there was an earlier PRINCE method (the first edition). Project management specialists initially developed it.

PRINCE2 was originally a derivative of the United Kingdom government's methodology for information system projects called Project Resource Organization Management Planning Technique (PROMPT).

This project management methodology aims to improve organization and manage your project lifecycle from start to finish. It supports organizing a project into seven processes covering all the activities within a comprehensive project plan .

Among all the project management processes, PRINCE2 is an effective and beginner-friendly methodology that is easy to use for project managers. With its seven principles, project managers can deliver project deliverables successfully when due.

Benefits of the PRINCE2 Methodology for Project Management

The PRINCE2 methodology has many benefits in project management, which is why project managers subscribe to it. Here are some of the benefits of the PRINCE2 methodology that makes it attractive.

1. A Highly Recognized Form of Project Management

PRINCE2 is so valuable that it is recognized by the Project Management Institute (PMI). The PRINCE2 method is consistent with the project management knowledge areas and the Project Management Professional (PMP) certification.

2. A Good Beginner Methodology for Project Managers

PRINCE2 has simple steps which project managers can follow to implement the method. These processes are basic and clear to understand, making it possible for your project team to implement these steps and get the desired results easily.

You can effectively train your teams with basic project management skills such as project planning, time management, and communication skills with the PRINCE2 method.

These project management skills are important for every project team, and you can apply them when executing future projects.

3. Extremely Flexible

The design of the PRINCE2 method is to be flexible, implying that project managers can make the necessary changes to fit in with the project environment and meet the project objective.

PRINCE2 can accommodate various kinds of projects in different industries. There are no hard or fast rules applied to the PRINCE2 method.

7 Basic Principles of PRINCE2 Methodology

The PRINC2 methodology approach involves managing projects in a well-controlled environment. There are seven principles that provide the core frameworks for a PRINCE2 mindset.

1. Continued Business Justification

The business case is a vital document in PRINCE2. It is important to review the business case throughout the project lifecycle. Do this to ensure the project remains viable and does to come to an unwanted end.

2. Learn From Experience

PRINCE2 values continuous learning for team members. Keeping a lesson log is essential to avoid making the same errors you made in the previous project .

You can document the lessons learned from the previous project with the lessons log and use the information within the lesson log to guide your action in the current project.

3. Define Roles and Responsibilities

Project managers can take on more than one role or have shared roles. Everyone involved in the project should know their roles and what other project team members are responsible for.

Four levels make up the structure of people in a project: corporate, project board, project manager, and team.

4. Manage by Stages

The project manager breaks down tough tasks into stages or project phases to ensure efficiency while carrying them out. After each phase, document the lesson learned and the project’s outcome to guide further activities and track the project’s direction.

5. Manage by Exception

Since the project is running well, the manager does not need to intervene much in the project management process. The board needs only to be informed when a problem arises with the project.

6. Focus on Product Quality

Take the quality of project deliverables and project requirements seriously. The project manager must ensure that the teams regularly check and measure their quality.

7. Tailor to Suit Project Environment

You can use certain factors like size, risk, complexity, and importance to tailor the project in the initiation phase and throughout each stage to suit the project environment.

Key Roles in a PRINCE2 Project

Three main roles exist in PRINCE2. These roles are the project board, the project manager, the customer, and the team manager.

1. Project Manager

The project manager manages all the project management lifecycle phases, such as project planning, initiation, execution , controlling, and closure.

Here are the project manager’s key responsibilities:

• The project manager tracks project progress
• Organize a project team and monitor its performance
• Create a comprehensive project plan that includes a schedule and budget
• Communicate with the project board and customers

When many projects run simultaneously, the project manager sets up a project support office to help manage multiple projects successfully .

2. Team Manager

The role of a team manager largely depends on the team size. Team managers are expected to supervise the team member and report closely to a project manager.

3. Customer

A customer may be a person, a group, or an organization paying for the project. Customers are the chief beneficiaries of the project outcome.

Here are some key responsibilities played by customers.

• Provide adequate funds and resources needed to meet the project’s requirements
• Understand important project management documents such as the project plan, business case, risk register, or project brief

4. Project Board

The project board consists of customers and business executives. Within the board, there are two categories. One category represents the user side, and another represents the suppliers or specialists involved in the project.

Here are the key responsibilities of the project board.

• Project board members are responsible for the high-level decision-making process.
• The manager and project board review the project progress
• Communicate with the project head regularly and approve or reject his initiatives

Key Aspects of a PRINCE2 Project

The PRINCE2 methodology has six key aspects for managing projects. Project managers use KPIs to measure performance goals.

There are six major aspects of the PRINCE2 project.

• Scope: The project scope contains a detailed outline of everything required to complete the project. It outlines the goals, deadline, and project deliverables.
• Costs: The project cost is how much resources, especially money, are required to execute the project. Knowing the cost prevents spending over the budget.
• Timescale: The time scale shows how long it will take to complete the project.
• Risk: Every project always has risk attached to it. PRINCE2 enforces risk assessment and management to help the team rise above the project’s risks .
• Quality: You need to know the quality requirements of your project stakeholders or clients. Ensure you have quality control and assurance procedures to meet quality standards.
• Benefits: PRINCE2 requires that each project has a clear business justification. The project also requires a business case and a cost-benefit analysis to explain the project's purpose and financial or strategic benefits.

The 7 Processes of a PRINCE2 Project

This project management framework or methodology uses seven unique processes to manage projects effectively. Since PRINCE2 is a controlled environment method, the project manager, project board, and customers have their roles defined for synergy among them.

1. Set Up the Project

At this point, your team determines if the project is viable. To determine the project's viability, the team has to submit the project plan using a project mandate, which gives a general idea of what the project is about and defines the project case.

After getting approval for the project plan, project members create a more detailed project brief.

2. Directing

At this point, the project board reviews the briefs and determines what more is needed for the team to move forward. There could be a need to make basic adjustments to project briefs.

3. Initiation

A project manager is chosen to lead the team and create an even more detailed project plan. You consider important factors like time, cost, quality, scope, risk, and benefits/

The project can officially begin when the project board approves the project plan that the project manager creates.

4. Controlling

Control stages are when project managers break down certain parts to manage them effectively. Then the manager delegates the smaller chunk of the project to individual team members to execute.

5. Managing Product Delivery

The project manager makes sure you manage the project effectively to meet quality expectations. Access the deliverables to ensure that it meets the quality set by the quality register.

This next stage is when the project board reviews project deliverables. They can either approve the deliverables or request changes to the project.

6. Managing Stage Boundaries

The board reviews the project's progress at the end of each stage to determine if there is a need to proceed with the project or if it should be abandoned.

7. Close the Project

This stage is when the project manager completes any outstanding work, records project outcomes and concludes the final documentation before the end of the project lifecycle.

Types of PRINCE2 Documentation

The success of every project is largely based on how effective the documentation process is. Documentation helps to keep projects on track and submit reports to the board.

Here are some of the documents used in the PRINCE2 project management methodology.

• Business Case : The business case explains the importance and need for the project, plus the benefits it brings to the company and users.
• Risk Register: The risk register contains a list of potential risks affecting the project and perceived opportunities.
• Quality Register : This log ensures no gaps between expectations and deliverables.
• Issues Register: The issues register highlights all the issues and problems mentioned or reported by the team members. The project manager can use this log to inform the board if issues arise.
• Lessons Log: This log contains recorded lessons learned from previous stages. The log includes both mistakes and the right decisions.
• Daily Log: The information in this log includes all the reports on the performance and outcomes of the project every single day. The project manager writes the log.

PRINCE2 Project Management Techniques

There are two PRINCE2 techniques: Project Scope and Project Assurance.

• Project Assurance: This PRINCE2 project management technique provides a clear individual view of the project process and if it is making progress or not. These views include the business view, user view, and specialist view.
• Project Scope: You can describe it as a detailed outline of all the main activities during the project execution phase. Project scope management is essential for managing projects successfully.

PRINCE2 Certification

The PRINCE2 Certification process involves taking a course of study in the PRINCE2 project management methodology. Project management specialists take the PRINCE2 certification to acquire practical knowledge for implementing PRINCE2 for project tasks.

You must take the course with an accredited training organization, either online or onsite. To be certified, the user must pass the exams.

PRINCE2 project management methodology has four levels of certification.

• PRINCE2 2017 Foundation
• PRINCE2 Agile Foundation
• PRINCE2 2017 Practitioner
• PRINCE2 Agile Practitioner

The cost of the certification course and exam depends on the PRINCE2 certification level and the certified training body you pick. PRINCE2 certification costs range from $550 to $1,000.

How Project Management Software Can Help You Run Your PRINCE2 Projects

The PRINCE2 methodology is a great fit for many projects run by public and private organizations. Without the right software tool, you will struggle to deliver your PRINCE2 projects successfully and at the right time.

Use project management software to manage your PRINCE2 projects effectively. You can use the various automation features to save valuable time and increase your team’s productivity.

• Monday.com is a project management solution that offers high-quality process-visualizations of your PRINCE2 projects from one location.
• ClickUp is a team collaboration software that helps you break down your PRINCE2 projects into simple workflows.
• Wrike is a powerful project planning software for managing complex PRINCE2 projects.

You can choose any of the above software tools to help run your PRINCE2 projects. Try out the free plan or free trial on its premium plans to start managing your PRINCE2 projects effectively.

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Anastasia has been a professional blogger and researcher since 2014. She loves to perform in-depth software reviews to help software buyers make informed decisions when choosing project management software, CRM tools, website builders, and everything around growing a startup business.

Anastasia worked in management consulting and tech startups, so she has lots of experience in helping professionals choosing the right business software.

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What Is PRINCE2 Project Management Methodology?

April 8, 2019

by Grace Pinegar

“Someday my prince will come,” was a big phrase throughout my Disney-filled childhood.

And while I’m optimistic I could still have a Meghan Markle-like romance, I don’t foresee any princes in my future. So myself, along with many other project management professionals, will have to settle for the PRINCE2 method.

PRINCE2 is a popular project management methodology. It’s an acronym that stands for projects in controlled environments. Bit of a stretch, but we got there.

What is PRINCE2?

PRINCE2 is a project management methodology that is centered around structured processes and organization. Although it's most popular in the UK, the PRINCE2 method and its seven processes, principles and themes can be utilized for a project of any scope or objective. 

While PRINCE2 is commonly deployed by companies within the UK, it’s an excellent methodology for any business hoping to have a detailed and defined organization structure within their project management team.

Read on to learn more about this methodology and how it can improve your project management strategy.

What is PRINCE2 methodology

PRINCE2 is made up of seven themes, principles and processes that guide its users through the management of a project. One accolade of the PRINCE2 method is that it’s a reasonable solution for a project of any scope or genre. 

The image below has labeled the seven themes that make up the PRINCE2 process.

Let’s dive into the specifics of these seven principles first, followed by themes and processes. 

PRINCE2 principles

The following are the seven principles of the PRINCE2 method.

Continued business justification

In order for a project to either be approved or continue on, there needs to be a clear, professional justification for this project’s execution. Managers and stakeholders should constantly evaluate and understand a project’s value to the company at that particular time.

Learn from experience

Project management is all about recording information for our future selves, and the PRINCE2 method is no different. In this method, managers keep a “lessons log” that helps them understand their successes and/or failures for the purpose of learning from them.

Defined roles and responsibilities

Part of the PRINCE2 methodology is clearly labeling who does what, when, and how. This method does not leave room for ambiguity regarding responsibilities.

Manage by stages

Instead of trying to accomplish everything at once, the PRINCE2 methodology requires project managers to split the project up into smaller groupings of tasks.

Manage by exceptions

This principle essentially says “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.” Project managers are only to seek help from higher-ups if there’s a problem. If things are otherwise running smoothly, there’s no need to contact stakeholders.

Focus on products

Make sure everyone is on the same page in regards to the project’s goals and deliverables. Everyone should have their sights set on the same end result.

Tailor to suit the project environment

Make sure to customize the PRINCE2 strategy to cater to the particular project’s needs such as scope and cost.

PRINCE2 themes

The following are the seven themes of the PRINCE2 method. These themes are determined prior to a project’s start.

Business case

A business case helps justify a project and prove to stakeholders that the endeavor is worthwhile.

Organization

Again, this theme emphasizes the importance of having all the tasks within a project doled out ahead of time. Project managers should have a clear understanding of who is going to accomplish what tasks.

Define what standards you’re going to judge your work on, and stick to those standards.

A project plan defines the specifics. What’s your timeline, budget, constraints? How are you going to take your team from the starting line to the finish line?

Before beginning any project, it’s important to understand all that could possibly go wrong. Take this time to determine risks, as well as determine how you would hypothetically overcome them. Additionally, consider what your risk management plan will be.

Project managers have to constantly handle feedback regarding the project, as well as their strategies. This part of the PRINCE2 method encourages managers to be agile and open to improvements.

Project managers should always be aware of whether they are meeting their deadlines and hitting their project milestones as intended. Recording and assessing progress throughout a project will increase the chances of closing the project on time. 

PRINCE2 processes

Lastly, let’s discuss the processes associated with PRINCE2. This is how a project’s actual execution is structured.

1. Starting up a project

Also referred to as SU, the project start-up is the period of time in which managers create the project mandate. This is similar to a project charter , and outlines the details about how the project will be executed and why it’s important. 

Project charter template courtesy of Template Archive

After the mandate is created, a project brief can be drafted. The brief is then handed to those responsible for carrying the project out, who can then start their initial steps.

2. Initiating a project

Also referred to as IP, this is the stage in which a project manager will clarify how varying project elements will be managed. Those elements are: project schedule, budget, product quality, scope or reach, benefits, and risk.

3. Directing a project

Also known as DP, this is the stage that stakeholders or executives oversee. They are in charge of a project’s initiation, ensuring the team remains within its confines, providing counsel when necessary, and closing the project at the end.

4. Controlling a stage

Instead of doing things all at once, the PRINCE2 method breaks work down into work packages so steps can be completed in stages. The project manager is in charge of monitoring progress on work packages and providing support when needed.

Managers of individual teams are responsible for overseeing day-to-day progress, and providing their team with support when needed.

5. Managing product delivery

Also known as MP, this is the stage of accepting, executing, and delivering on a work package. The project managers and team managers communicate the progress of the aforementioned steps.

6. Managing stage boundaries

Also known as SB, this stage is where project managers reflect with the board on progress thus far to determine whether the project should continue.

The project manager also updates the lessons log in this stage in order to help them plan for the future, update any related documents, and report the stage’s completion.

7. Closing a project

Also known as CP, this is the final step in a project abiding by the PRINCE2 method. During this step, project managers complete the project, write up reviews based on lessons learned, and turn in the project’s final result to the client or whichever manager called for it. 

After this step, a project is considered completed and managers can decide how to disperse remaining resources.

Happily ever after

As you can see, there’s a lot that goes into the PRINCE2 method! So much so that certifications have cropped up for project managers to become further trained in this management style.

If the basics of this method have appealed to you, consider further pursuing a certification in PRINCE2 to really drive home the success of your upcoming projects.

Wondering if a project is even possible? Try a feasibility study and save yourself the trouble of finding out the hard way!  

Grace Pinegar is a lifelong storyteller with an extensive background in various forms such as acting, journalism, improv, research, and content marketing. She was raised in Texas, educated in Missouri, worked in Chicago, and is now a proud New Yorker. (she/her/hers)

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What is PRINCE2? PRINCE2 Methodology, 7 Principles, Processes & Themes

PRINCE2 is a globally recognized methodology in Project Management that provides a structured and scalable approach to managing projects. Developed by the UK government, PRINCE2 offers a comprehensive framework that emphasizes controlled project execution, effective risk management, and clear communication channels. It has become a global standard for project management and is widely adopted across various industries and sectors. 

In this blog post, we will explore the key components of PRINCE2, including PRINCE2 methodology, 7 principles of PRINCE2, processes, and themes. Understanding these elements will give you valuable insights into how PRINCE2 can enhance project success and improve overall project management practices.

Following are the topics which will be covered in this article:

Introduction, what is prince2.

• History and Evolution of PRINCE2
• Why is PRINCE2 Important

Elements of PRINCE2 Methodology

Six aspects of prince2, various roles defined in prince2, what is prince2 project management.

• Prince2 Methodologies vs. Alternative Methodologies

Project management methods frequently vary by industry, project, or even team within an organization. You can employ a single approach or combine two or more to achieve the best outcomes. The goal is to make it work for your organization and its demands. But you need to understand the method to use it correctly. Therefore, those involved in project management need to continue learning about new methodologies.

You must have the appropriate credentials and certification to operate in a field that employs project management methodologies. PRINCE2 is one of a small number of essential qualifications.

PRINCE2, which stands for Projects In Controlled Environments, is a well known methodology in project management in over 150 countries. It is a process-based approach that emphasizes structure and management throughout the project. Every project begins with a comprehensive plan, each phase is structured, and any loose ends are resolved after completion. 

PRINCE2 is a project management approach mostly utilized in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Europe. The PRINCE2 Methodology is a strategy which focuses on managing resources and risks by splitting projects into smaller phases, defining roles and duties, and employing seven procedures to manage the project life cycle.

History & Evolution of PRINCE2

The history and evolution of PRINCE2 showcase the development and refinement of this renowned methodology in project management. Initially developed by the UK government in the 1980s as PRINCE, it aimed to establish standardized project management practices. Over time, PRINCE2 emerged as an enhanced version, incorporating feedback and practical experiences from project management professionals worldwide.

With its emphasis on flexibility, adaptability, and scalability, PRINCE2 has evolved into a globally recognized and widely adopted methodology, empowering organizations to manage projects of varying sizes and complexities effectively. Understanding the historical context and evolutionary journey of PRINCE2 provides valuable insights into its robust framework and sets the stage for comprehending its practical implementation and benefits.

Origins of PRINCE2

In 1989, the Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) was established. In April 1989, the CCTA renamed the framework from PROMPT II IN THE CCTA Environment to PRINCE and implemented it as an IT standard for project management. Civil Servants, therefore, chose to modify the framework’s name to the abbreviation PRINCE, which still stands for PRojects IN Controlled Environments. However, the framework was rarely used due to its rigidity and lack of adaptable characteristics for minor projects.

Evolution of PRINCE2

After several talks with project management experts and 150 European organizations, PRINCE2 was formed in 1996 as a best practice framework and an updated, more flexible framework than its predecessor. The PRINCE2 methodology significantly changed in 2009 when the seven core principles were developed. In 2013, ownership was transferred from HM Cabinet to AXELOS Ltd.

AXELOS has recently published the 2017 Update to PRINCE2. Beginning in 2017, it was decided that the PRINCE2 syllabus would be revised in response to feedback from world-renowned PRINCE2 Practitioners, who recommended a greater emphasis on the link between the themes and guidance and the application of the framework to real-world business scenarios. There are still the same ideas, procedures, and themes; however, the PRINCE2 tests and training techniques have been reorganized.

Recognition of PRINCE2 Globally

PRINCE2 has gained widespread recognition and acceptance on a global scale, making it one of the most sought-after project management methodologies. Its global recognition stems from its comprehensive framework, adaptability to different industries, and alignment with international project management standards. 

Numerous public and private organizations across various sectors have embraced PRINCE2 as their preferred approach to project management. Additionally, the availability of PRINCE2 certifications further solidifies its global recognition, as professionals worldwide seek to enhance their project management skills and validate their expertise in PRINCE2 methodology. The international recognition of PRINCE2 demonstrates its effectiveness in driving project success and establishing a common language and approach for project teams worldwide.

Why is PRINCE2 Important?

PRINCE2 benefits project managers, directors, and an organization by allowing for more control over resources and managing business and project risk more effectively. Therefore, PRINCE2 represents well-established and tested best practices in project management. Following, we have listed a few of the advantages of PRINCE2.

Helps to Get Into the Project Management Domain

PRINCE2 is the industry standard for project management . It teaches you the skills you need to be confident in managing projects successfully. This is because PRINCE2 employs a common language, systems, and procedures. As a result, this gives you more control over your resources and risks.

Enhances Your Knowledge Flexibility

PRINCE2 is a best practice method custom-made to the specific needs of different organizations for all projects, including agile delivery. Hence, whatever your typical projects entail, PRINCE2 can handle them. In addition, you can gradually create a more bespoke and subjectively appropriate approach to project management for your organization by learning as you apply and tailor the framework.

Improves Employment Prospects

A PRINCE2 certification is an excellent addition to your resume. PRINCE2 is a world-class international product and the industry standard for project management. PRINCE2 certification is held by more than half of those who responded to Arras People’s 2011 survey . So it’s no surprise that many companies worldwide require PRINCE2 certification for their employees.

Looking for an option to improve efficiency of your project? Checkout this PRINCE2 Certification course now!

A Best Practice Framework

PRINCE2 is more than just a theory. The methodology is founded on practitioners’ expertise and practical knowledge from numerous industries and sectors. It also has a track record of success, with plenty of case studies to back up the efficacy of PRINCE2 best practices.

Acts as a Common Language

PRINCE2 is an organized and controlled start, ensuring a valid reason for the project and all people and resources are organized. Therefore, they are ready for the project with good communication among the project management team, stakeholders, and the rest of the organization.

PRINCE2 has now been in use for several decades. Therefore, it has gained widespread recognition and acceptance, with a global community of practitioners familiar with the framework’s common terminology and methods.

The PRINCE2 methodology comprises several essential elements that work together to provide a structured and controlled approach to project management. By integrating these elements,

PRINCE2 enables organizations to establish a powerful foundation for successful project delivery, ensuring transparency, accountability, and adapting to evolving project requirements.

7 Principles of PRINCE2

PRINCE2 consists of 7 principles and completes a project when applied to all of them and tailored to suit the type and size of the project.

The most practiced methodology, the PRINCE2 principles, are composed to add to the success of a project without involving it with any trouble along with the management. The subjects, procedures, and product descriptions depict what completes the project.

Continued Business Justification

Which necessitates a justifiable reason for initiating the project? This justification is reevaluated throughout the project’s lifecycle. This confirms that there is a justifiable reason to begin the project, which, though it may evolve, should be valid throughout its life.

Learn from Experience

Lessons from the past should be applied in ongoing projects. Lessons from ongoing projects should be documented for future use. It is a common practice for companies to recruit a project manager based on his or her experience in a similar project.

Defined Roles and Responsibilities

The roles and responsibilities of the different levels of the project team are to be defined so as to satisfy the interests of primary stakeholders.

For instance, some of the common roles assigned in a project are project manager, project sponsor, project board, project team members, project administrator, and so on.

Manage by Stages

According to PRINCE2 best practice guidance, a project should be broken into at least two stages for better management and control. It is said that planning the number of stages needs to take into account risk and cost.

Manage by Exception

A PRINCE2 project has defined tolerances for every variable (cost, time, quality, scope, benefits, and risk) to establish the limits of delegated authority. The project board delegates to the project manager the authority to manage a management stage daily (within agreed tolerances). 

The project manager can make necessary adjustments if the management phase is anticipated to remain within tolerance. In addition, it permits the project management team to manage by exception. Implementing “manage by exception” efficiently uses senior management’s time because it reduces their time burden without removing their control by ensuring that decisions are made at the appropriate organizational level.

Focus on Products

PRINCE2 advocates an output-oriented approach to a project, and to that end, product definitions, quality, and other criteria are integral to achieving successful outcomes. Some experts suggest integrating PRINCE2 with Six Sigma for process improvement projects.

According to a template made available by AXELOS, the product description should cover the following points: purpose, composition, derivation, format, presentation, development skills required, quality criteria, quality tolerance, quality method, quality skills required, and quality responsibilities.

Tailor to Suit the Project Environment

PRINCE2 is a universal project management method that can be adapted to any project type, geography, or culture, considering the project’s environment, size, complexity, importance, team capability, and risk. It is also suitable for use in any project context, regardless of size, complexity, importance, or team competence. Moreover, the method is flexible enough to be applied to any project because it is designed to be adapted to the project context.

7 Processes of PRINCE2

PRINCE2 processes describe the evolution from the pre-project activity of getting started throughout the project life-cycle until the end of the project. Each process has agendas of suggested activities, products, and related duties. The project manager supervises the seven techniques and confirms them by the task board. Here is a breakdown of each stage.

PRINCE2 processes describe the evolution from the pre-project activity of getting started throughout the project lifecycle until the end of the project. 

Each process has agendas of suggested activities, products, and related duties. The processes describe a progression from the pre-project activity of getting started to the project lifecycle stages and the final act of project closure . Therefore, each process includes a suggested activities, products, and responsibilities checklist. Following are the procedures of PRINCE2:

Starting Up a Project

Before the project begins, the very first procedure of the project is the Pre-Project Process. First, the project’s goals are defined, forming a project management team. Moreover, project managers and executives are responsible for creating the project brief and stage plan for the pre-project stage.

Directing a Project

Authorizing project stages and administering the project from start to finish (by Exception) are the main functions of this particular PRINCE2 process. Consequently, the Board of Directors for the Project is responsible for functioning in this domain.

Initiating a Project

The project has officially started in this “Initiating a Project” process. The project’s products are defined (including quality, time, cost, risk, and resources.) Moreover, roles responsible for Project Initiation Documentation (including Project Plan & Business Case) include project manager and executive.

C ontrolling a Stage

Each stage monitors and controls the project status with corrective actions/exception escalations. In addition, roles are responsible for communicating project-related information to stakeholders: Manager of the Project.

Manage Product Delivery

Checkpoint reports are used to report on the execution of work packages and the creation of scheduled project products to the project manager. Again, the team leader is the responsible person here.

Managing a Stage Boundary

The End-Stage Report and Stage Plan report on the current stage’s performance and plan the following stage (and whether to continue the project.) So, the board of directors for the project is responsible for looking after the managing stage.

Closing a Project

Responsibilities are accountable for completing the project with an end project report and a lessons learned report. Consequently, the Board of Directors is responsible for the project.

7 Themes of PRINCE2

PRINCE2 themes describe the aspects of project management that must be addressed continually and in parallel throughout the project. Seven themes explain the specific treatment required by Prince2 Training Classes for various project management disciplines. They are set up towards the start of the project and then monitored until the end. Projects are kept on a track that continuously addresses these topics.

Business Case Theme 

The Business case theme associated with the continued business justification principle gives information about whether a task is advantageous and achievable.

Organization Theme 

The organization theme defines the roles and responsibilities that involve project managers to have everybody’s jobs and obligations on record.

Quality Theme 

The quality theme is identified with an emphasis on the principles of the products. Quality can be a conceptual idea, so defining it towards the start of a project is imperative to keeping the work on track.

Plans Theme 

The Plans theme describes the proficiency of the targets. It focuses on the products, timescale, cost, quality, and advantages.

Risk Theme 

The risk theme is the reason to distinguish, access, and control uncertain events during a project. This theme gets recorded in a risk log. Adverse risks are called threats, and positive ones are called opportunities.

Change Theme 

The change theme concerns the progress on demand and issues that emerge amid the project. However, the thought isn’t to avoid changes to get them conceded to before execution.

Progress Theme

The progress theme establishes the tools to monitor and compare actual accomplishments against those planned. It forecasts the project objectives and continued viability and controls any unacceptable deviations.

The PRINCE2 methodology identifies six aspects that each project must manage. First, project managers must utilize KPIs to evaluate performance objectives and project constraints. Following are the six aspects of PRINCE2:

PRINCE2 is one of the most widely used project management methodologies today. It is based on the concept of project roles. Therefore, the method specifies nine filled roles, even if the same person fills multiple roles. The following are the roles under the PRINCE2 methodology:

The executive secures project funding and maintains the project’s business case and justification. However, they accept the project’s deliverables and focus on the project’s benefits to the organization or the program or portfolio that the project is a part of, similar to a “project sponsor” in other methodologies. So, the executive appoints the project board and project management team.

The Senior Use

This represents the organization or people who will use the PRINCE2 project’s product or service. Those who will be affected by it directly. The customer and the user may be the same. In addition, the senior user ensures that the Project Board respects the user’s needs and that these are specified in the project.

Senior Supplier

The suppliers are all individuals and organizations who carry out the project work, i.e., those who create the project’s deliverables. It consists of internal (the project team) and external (suppliers). It may also include those who will support and maintain the products after the completion of the project.

Firstly, the senior supplier represents the suppliers’ interests. Secondly, suppliers typically want to be fairly compensated for their efforts and receive a positive reference for future work. In addition, work satisfaction ranks high on the list as well.

Project Manager

The project manager oversees the project’s planning, execution, controlling, and closure phases. So, project managers form a project team and keep track of its progress. In addition, they make a project plan that includes a timeline and a budget and communicate with the project team and customers.

Team Manager

The Team Manager is a lower-level manager in charge of the project’s deliverables daily. They are responsible to the project manager. They may have a large project team supporting them or do all of the work themselves, but they are the technical experts.

The team manager creates work packages, which are then assigned to project team members for completion. A series of work packages is transformed into a management stage.

Project Assurance

At predetermined intervals, Project Assurance provides an independent assessment of project progress. The Project Board commonly fills this role, which must be independent of the Project Manager. The Project Board may, however, appoint an independent project assurance team. Moreover, this team is responsible for keeping the project on track with business assurance, user assurance, and supplier assurance.

PRINCE2 plays a crucial role in project management by effectively providing a structured and standardized approach to managing projects of varying scales and complexities. With its emphasis on clear governance, risk management, and stakeholder engagement, PRINCE2 enables project managers to maintain control, mitigate risks, and deliver projects within defined timeframes and budgets. 

By implementing PRINCE2 principles, processes, and themes, organizations can enhance project success rates, improve communication and collaboration among project teams, and ensure alignment with business objectives. PRINCE2’s systematic approach empowers project managers to navigate challenges, make informed decisions, and achieve desired project outcomes, making it a valuable methodology in project management.

PRINCE2 Methodology vs. Alternative Methodologies

As a project manager, you devote most of your attention to selecting your team’s appropriate project management approach. A methodology often provides a framework consisting of procedures, practices, principles, and aspirations to direct the progress of a project. PRINCE2 has demonstrated its effectiveness and is now a well-known project management method. Considering the above mentioned considerations, you may determine if PRINCE2 is suitable for their projects and teams.

If you believe this is not the appropriate framework, numerous more prevalent alternatives exist. The following are popular project management methodologies:

• Agile project Management Methodology
• Scrum Methodology
• Kanban Methodology
• Lean Methods

It is up to the project manager to choose an approach. The best way to make this decision is by analyzing the project’s needs, the available resources, and the project team’s capacity to adhere to the methodology.

PRINCE2 is a highly regarded project management methodology providing a structured and scalable framework. With its focus on controlled project execution, effective risk management, and clear communication channels, PRINCE2 has become a global standard in project management. 

By understanding the methodology, principles, processes, and themes of PRINCE2, professionals can enhance their project management skills, improve project success rates, and effectively align projects with organizational objectives. Whether new to PRINCE2 or looking to expand your knowledge, embracing this methodology can lead to more efficient project delivery, increased stakeholder satisfaction, and overall project success. 

With its proven track record and wide adoption across industries, PRINCE2 offers a robust and adaptable approach to project management that can drive positive outcomes and propel organizations toward success in their project endeavors.

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Project managers are familiar with Scrum, Kanban, and Scrumban methodologies, but many are puzzled when PRINCE2 is mentioned. In this guide, we'll look at this project management methodology and will help you answer the question: What is PRINCE2?

Last Updated: 24 Feb'24 2024-02-24T11:25:26+00:00

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Key Takeaways: What Is PRINCE2?

• PRINCE2 is a highly structured project management methodology that’s ideal for large organizations and complex projects.
• While PRINCE2 is historically a Linear methodology, it has evolved and can now be used with Agile methods.
• PRINCE2 is not suitable for small teams managing simple projects due to its complex structure.

Don’t worry if you’re not familiar with the PRINCE2 method. In fact, most working professionals are bewildered when asked, what is PRINCE2? PRINCE2, which stands for PR ojects IN C ontrolled E nvironments, is a highly structured approach to project management that’s mainly used by enormous organizations and government agencies.

We briefly covered PRINCE2 in our project management methodology roundup , and it garnered enough attention that we decided to create this guide. If you have a hankering for all things PRINCE2 — which is predominantly a linear project management framework — and want to see if this method is for you, you’re in the right place.

In the following sections, we will cover everything from the history of PRINCE2 to its six aspects, seven principles, and even the exams and certifications that are available for those who want to learn more.

History of PRINCE2

A project management method known as PROMPT (project resource organization management planning technique) was designed by Simpact Systems in 1975. The U.K. government licensed this method, and it was quickly adjusted to create a new project management standard for IT projects. The new standard was called PRINCE.

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When officials found that PRINCE methods could be used to manage numerous types of projects — not just IT-based ones — guides and training methods were updated to remove any mention of uses in IT fields. The next version, launched in 1996 by Her Majesty’s (HM) Cabinet Office, was called PRINCE2.

The 6 Aspects of PRINCE2

Our team of experts has used many project management methodologies, and we can tell you that PRINCE2 is not for the faint of heart. PRINCE2 has many moving parts and multiple scopes, principles and phases. However, this level of structure makes the methodology appeal to companies that want total control over projects.

In the following section, we will cover the six phases of PRINCE2. Each aspect is a phase of the project that must be managed. The idea of PRINCE2 is to ensure that every part of a project is accounted for and that the project is worth pursuing. Below, we’ll go over the six phases.

1. Project Scope

When defining the project scope, team members list and explain the project’s overall goal, establish deadlines, and explain the project deliverables. By setting these boundaries up front, project managers know what to expect before the project begins.

As you can imagine, cost control was a huge part of project design for government agencies. Every penny had to be accounted for. When using PRINCE2, all finances and budgets are discussed in detail and planned so that the project comes in at or under budget.

3. Timescales

Every project has a deadline, and projects in PRINCE2 are no different. The project board sets a deadline for the overall project and assigns deadlines and timescales for each task within the project. Before the project begins, the project manager and team know how the timeline looks.

Risk is something that everyone has to deal with, including project managers. The risk aspect of PRINCE2 helps project leaders recognize and plan for issues that might arise during the project. With a risk plan in place, dealing with problems should be easier.

The quality aspect of PRINCE2 is designed to ensure that every part of the project and the deliverables to the client meet the highest standards possible. By sitting down with your client and listening to their needs and expectations, setting quality goals is easy to do.

6. Benefits

One of the main points of using PRINCE2 is to ensure that every project has a valid reason and that work isn’t just being done for the sake of it. The “benefit” aspect of PRINCE2 helps managers build a business case that explains the project’s purpose, highlights its strategic benefits and shows the financial gains it may bring.

7 Principles of PRINCE2 Project Management

PRINCE2 is based on seven key principles that help set the project framework and participants’ mindsets. Every principle must be followed if you want your way of working to be considered PRINCE2. We’ll go over the seven principles below.

1. Continued Business Justification

During the planning stage, the project management team develops a business case document. This document is referred to and refined while the project remains viable. Should the project’s viability vanish, the project board will cancel the project.

2. Learn From Experience

PRINCE2 mandates that project members use lesson logs. The lesson logs document successes and failures so that future project managers can see what worked and what didn’t. Fortunately, many project management tools that made our roundup of the best project management software have wikis and tools that can be used as lesson logs.

3. Define Roles and Responsibilities

Every role and the responsibilities of each role are defined so that all project team members know what they are doing and what everyone else is responsible for. This helps with communication as team members know who to approach for different issues. You’ll find that RACI charts that help define rolls are often used alongside PRINCE2 methods.

4. Manage by Stages

The project manager breaks down projects into stages with due dates and milestones so that complex portions of the project are less demanding. As each stage is completed, the risk and lesson logs and the business case documents are updated.

5. Manage by Exception

Project managers work within a range of tolerances. Should a problem arise, the project manager can shift course — within the set tolerances — to try and fix the situation. Should the problem become worse, the project manager must notify the project board so that action can be taken.

6. Focus on Products

Quality control is a key aspect of the PRINCE2 method. The project team must always keep their eyes on the project deliverables. The quality requirements listed in the quality register must dictate the work performed and not vice versa.

7. Tailor to the Environment

Every project is different. The good news is that the PRINCE2 method is flexible enough to adapt to your project environment. You can adjust the team size, timelines and planning, risk management, and more to suit your clients’ needs.

7 Phases of PRINCE2 Project Management

The PRINCE2 method uses seven phases to manage projects effectively. The seven phases can help the project team stay the course from project initiation to completion. Below, we’ll explain the seven phases of PRINCE2.

1. Starting Up a Project

Starting up a project is when all parties come together to create a project brief, a stage plan and the business case. The idea is to determine whether the project is viable. If the project gets the go-ahead, a project mandate is created.

2. Initiating a Project

During the initiation phase, the project board chooses their project manager, who then works on project initiation documentation. This includes defining the project’s scope, costs, timelines, risks, product quality and benefits.

3. Directing a Project

The project board directs the project from start to finish. The project board is responsible for initiating the project, setting stage boundaries, ad hoc direction, delivering the product and closing the project.

4. Controlling a Stage

The project and team manager control the project stages. The project manager breaks up stages into bite-sized chunks that are easy to manage. They assign tasks and handle problems. The team manager organizes daily tasks focused on risk management and change control and acts as a liaison between the project team and the project manager.

5. Managing Product Delivery

Managing product delivery is the act of accepting and executing work, ensuring the quality of the deliverable and communicating among the team, the manager and the board. In this phase, the board also decides if the product needs to be revised or is approved for delivery.

6. Managing Stage Boundaries

At the end of every stage, the project manager and the project board meet to review the project’s progress. Should all be going well, the board will approve the next project stage, and the business case and project plan will be updated. The project manager also meets with the team to update the lesson and risk logs.

7. Closing a Project

The last phase is closing the project. Everyone ensures that the deliverables meet the set standards and that all tasks have been fully completed. The deliverable is handed over to the client, the project is evaluated, and the project manager submits a request to close the project to the project board.

PRINCE2 Project Roles

The PRINCE2 method requires a controlled project environment. Because of this, all roles are set before the project starts. In this section, we’ll look at the key roles in PRINCE2.

• Project Manager — Creates, plans, executes and controls all project stages
• Team Manager — Supervises the team and ensures good communication
• Project Team — The team that executes the work on the deliverables
• Project Board — High-level executives who make critical project decisions
• Customer — Who you’re working for and who pays for the deliverable

This is a quick breakdown of the key roles in PRINCE2. Many more positions exist. Some of the other critical roles include the senior supplier who provides resources and expertise to the project. Business sponsors ensure that the project provides value for the money, and users who receive and use the created products.

We would be remiss not to mention that the project board consists of three people: an executive whose shoulders carry the weight of the project, a senior user who represents the users’ requirements and a senior supplier who represents the supplier’s interests.

On top of this, there are also project support roles that help the project manager handle administration duties, and project assurance specialists who protect the interests of the board members by providing independent views.

PRINCE2 Certifications

While project management certification is not required to use PRINCE2, getting a certification is highly recommended. Below, we’ll quickly cover the currently available PRINCE2 certifications. 

• PRINCE2 Foundation — Provides an introduction to PRINCE2’s management methods, principles, phases, themes and terminology.
• PRINCE2 Practitioner — Readies you to incorporate PRINCE2 methods into many project management scenarios.
• PRINCE2 Agile Foundation — Suitable for project managers who want to understand PRINCE2 governance with Agile concepts.
• PRINCE2 Agile Practitioner — Teaches students how to combine Agile methods within the framework of PRINCE2.

It’s worth noting that there are prerequisites for the PRINCE2 Practitioner and PRINCE2 Agile exams. To sit for either test, you must show proof of one of the following certifications:

• PRINCE2 Foundation certificate
• Project Management Qualification (PMQ)
• Project Professional Qualification (PPQ)
• Project Management Professional (PMP)
• Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM)
• IPMA Level A, B, C or D

The exams are available through various online organizations. Just be sure they offer courses for the newest edition of PRINCE2 and that they’re accredited.

Alternatives to PRINCE2

If you have decided that PRINCE2 isn’t for you but still want a project management certification, you have options. PMP (project management professional) is a universally recognized certification that the Project Management Institute offers. You’ll learn about the five stages of projects and various methodologies like Hybrid , Agile and Linear . You’ll also learn how to become efficient.

CAPM ( Certified Associate in Project Management ) is another sought-after certification that PMI offers. CAPM is a globally recognized certification that shows prospective employers that you have a sound knowledge of project management fundamentals, scopes, schedules, cost control, resource and risk management, and more.

PRINCE2 vs PMP vs Agile

There are differences between PRINCE2, PMP and Agile methods. PMP (project management professional) certification is taught by the PMI (Project Management Institute) and is based on the PMBOK (project management body of knowledge). This certification is common in the U.S. PRINCE2 is owned by Axelos and is more popular in the U.K. and Europe.

Agile is a way of working rather than a certification. However, certifications are available for Agile methods such as kanban and Scrum , Scrumban, XP and more.

Final Thoughts: PRINCE2 for Managing Projects

The PRINCE2 method offers a fascinating way to manage projects. PRINCE2 forces everyone involved to ask questions, track every metric, double down on standards and work efficiently to minimize risk and cost and maximize time. PRINCE2 is versatile and can be used with linear project management methods like Waterfall and Agile methods like kanban.

If you’re looking for a highly structured project management methodology that won’t let your company and project management team leave any stone unturned, you might want to take a closer look at the PRINCE2 method. Are you interested in PRINCE2? Have you used it, or do you use the method now? Let us know in the comments, and as always, thanks for reading.

FAQ: Complete Guide to PRINCE2

They are not the same. PRINCE2 and PMP are different project management certifications.

The purpose of the PRINCE2 methodology is to set companies and agencies up for success by making those involved ask the who, what, when, where, how and why questions of every project.

PRINCE2 is a project management methodology that makes project leaders and stakeholders organize, plan, execute and revisit every part of every task multiple times to ensure that quality products are delivered to the customer.

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PRINCE2: The Project Management Method Explained

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What is PRINCE2®?

PRINCE2® is a project management method. It’s structured, and experience-based, created from the lived experience of thousands of project managers and successful projects.

PRINCE2® stands for Projects IN a Controlled Environment (Version 2). And it’s not spelled PRINCE TWO!

It’s a customizable way of managing and controlling the work. It’s tailorable and suitable for projects of all sizes, large and small.

I took my first Practitioner course in 2004.

Who is PRINCE2® for?

PRINCE2® works in a huge number of industries and domains. As a project manager , I have used it in financial services, and to a lesser degree, a modified version in a healthcare setting. It’s a predictive methodology, although PRINCE2 Agile ® allows for agile frameworks.

Because PRINCE2® is a broad-brush approach, it doesn’t cover technical processes or specific techniques, but it will fit alongside them.

The History of PRINCE2®

PRINCE2® is part of the best practice guidance that came out of the UK Office of Government Commerce.

It started life as the PROMPT methodology, created in a private UK company back in the 1970s. A British government agency, the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency, licensed it for use in government IT projects back in 1979.

It was renamed PRINCE.

PRINCE2® was released in 1996 and had major updates in 2009 and 2017. The most recent major update came in 2023.

I was asked to be one of the reviewers of the PRINCE2 7 manual, so I am very familiar with the content and changes since the last edition.

The PRINCE2 method is something that was used mainly in public sector UK projects, but quickly got picked up by the private sector and spread throughout Europe and the rest of the world. Because it works. Today, it is used by thousands of practitioners in hundreds of countries.

PRINCE2 Agile ® came along in 2018 to enable PRINCE2® to work with agile concepts like timeboxing and Kanban .

The 5 elements of PRINCE2

There are 5 integrated elements of PRINCE2. These are:

• People (new for the 7th edition, there is a whole new chapter which is long overdue in my view)
• Practices (this section used to be called Themes, if you are familiar with the 6th edition)
• Project context (which is where we talk about the business environment and tailoring).

PRINCE2 core principles

The 7 core principles in PRINCE2® project management are the ‘guiding obligations’ to ensure that critical areas for success are constantly front of mind. They are:

• Ensure continued business justification
• Learn from experience
• Define roles, responsibilities and relationships
• Manage by exception
• Manage by stages
• Focus on products
• Tailor to suit the project.

Let’s have a quick look at these best practices.

1. Ensure continued business justification

A PRINCE2® project needs a business case. There should be a point to doing any new project: there should be some business driver to doing the work.

And that business justification needs to last throughout the project. You should keep checking in, for example at the end of each stage of the project, to make sure that the work is still viable. Ideally, you’ll be able to achieve the benefits but sometimes things happen to make that difficult. In those cases, you might want to recommend the project is stopped.

2. Learn from experience

There is a focus in PRINCE2® on learning from experience. You should look at what happened on past projects because that helps mitigate risk on your current project.

Lessons learned isn’t something you do once. PRINCE2® encourages you to dig into lessons learned all through the project life cycle to help you make better choices. Document lessons learned for future projects.

3. Define roles, responsibilities and relationships

There are defined roles and responsibilities in PRINCE2® projects. There are 3 main stakeholders :

• Sponsor : the business sponsor who make sure the project delivers the right thing
• Users: people who use the end result and/or receive the benefit
• Suppliers: people or companies that provide the resources to get the project done.

The default roles are:

• The project board , made up of the executive (sponsor), senior user (user rep) and senior supplier (supplier rep)
• Project manager
• Project support
• Project assurance
• Change authority
• Team manager

That’s it. All the team members fit into one of those roles, although it is possible to tailor the structure to suit your environment.

The relationships part of this principle’s title is all about the project ecosystem and how soft power and networks influence the way work gets done.

4. Manage by exception

I love this principle. It means you have boundaries and tolerances set for your role as the PRINCE2® project manager, and you can operate within those boundaries. If you go out of those, there is an exception, and you escalate or get management input as necessary.

Management by exception works at every level and relies on the project team being trusted to do their job. When that happens, the sponsor and project board only need a regular report at the prescribed times.

This avoids micromanaging and builds trust in the team.

5. Manage by stages

PRINCE2® delivers the work in stages. The project manager and team break down the work into chunks called management stages.

There’s a process to guide work through the stages so there is adequate control at every point.

At the end of a stage, the project board decides whether the project is still viable and whether it should move on.

6. Focus on products

The method has a focus on products, which means you create a product description so that everyone knows what the project is creating. It’s a way to ensure expectations are managed and all stakeholders are on the same page.

Products can be defined in work packages. There’s normally some documentation that lists out what the products are so everyone understands what is being delivered.

7. Tailor to suit the project

The final principle is that PRINCE2® should be tailored to the environment. You can tailor to fit the project’s:

• Environment
• Team culture
• Complexity.

Tweak project controls to make the whole thing work for your situation.

What’s missing from PRINCE2® (thankfully) is the detailed guidance on ‘how’. For example, it talks about creating a schedule, but doesn’t mandate how to do that. You can use critical path scheduling, a Gantt chart, full on earned value management for schedule control, or some sticky notes on the wall. PRINCE2® won’t beat you up for choosing the right scheduling approach for your environment.

PRINCE2® practices

There are 7 practices in PRINCE2®. Let’s look at these.

1. Business case

The business case shows up in the principles as well – that’s how it important it is. It’s probably the most important one of the management products (that’s my view anyway: in the manual, they all have the same importance).

The business case ensures that the project is worthwhile and aligns to business goals. It also links back to performance targets. There is a new performance target of sustainability in the 2023 7th edition, which requires having a sustainability management approach in place for the project.

Finally, the business case empowers the project manager to recommend the project is stopped if the business benefits won’t be realized.

2. Organizing

This relates to the project organization: roles and responsibilities, the team, and the management set up for the project.

It’s the practice that enables the project leadership, effective communication, and team empowerment. It also covers organizational design and development.

PRINCE2® guides you towards creating plans that answer the questions stakeholders want to know: What are we doing?

• How are we doing it?
• How much will it cost?
• When will it be ready?

The plans involved in PRINCE2® are:

• The project plan
• The stage plan
• The exception plan
• The team plan.

PRINCE2® talks a lot about quality . It sets out how to define product quality, how to measure it and the process for controlling it. This section also covers the idea of having a product register to track what is being created.

When I did my PRINCE2® course, this section was really valuable because quality is theoretically understood, but not always acted on at work. This practice helped me understand how to create a quality focus that wasn’t all about simply writing a quality plan .

Risk management is a core practice across many project management methods, and PRINCE2® gives you a practical approach to putting it front and center.

PRINCE2® fits in with the Management of Risk® guidance, also from Axelos. The risk method draws on that so the whole family of methods work together. It provides an approach to do risk assessment and then plan management actions to ensure the risk is adequately addressed. You’ll record your risks is a risk log.

This used to be the theme of Change, but PRINCE2 uses the terminology of ‘issue’ to mean anything that affects the project, and that could be a problem (i.e. an issue), an ‘off-specification’ defect or a change. Often issues lead to changes anyway and there is a similar process of analyzing and decision-making that we follow for both.

That said, change management is a big thing in project management. This relates to the authorization of change requests, not organizational change management (user adoption, training, etc).

There’s a whole process to follow that allows changes to be proposed, analyzed and acted on as necessary. And of course we have to push issues through a process that allows the project team to address them as well.

7. Progress

What’s the point of a project if not to make progress towards delivering the solution? You manage the project’s progress actively to ensure everything goes to plan.

The progress practice helps you control the project. This practice talks about having decent project reporting, tracking and monitoring performance, tolerances , issues, changes and risks, knowing when to escalate and being able to deal with deviations.

PRINCE2® Processes

People tend to think of PRINCE2® as quite a process-heavy method, and when I first did my exam, I felt the same. However, there is a lot of emphasis on tailoring, and the latest version is very flexible.

The processes are really not that complicated to understand or to do, and they are simply about having enough governance to make sure the project is properly under control. You will find them very intuitive once you get going and understand the jargon .

The core processes in PRINCE2® cover the whole life cycle and are:

Starting up a project

Directing a project, initiating a project, controlling a stage, managing product delivery, managing a stage boundary.

• Closing a project.

This process looks at whether the project is worthwhile and viable. The project brief gets created and the project board decide whether to go ahead.

Directing a project had a whole separate PRINCE2® book in the 6th edition, and I wonder whether there will be a new guide for project sponsors released in due course. Directing gets a process of its own. It’s the process that the sponsor and project board go through to make decisions and provide that governance layer.

It’s the activities that provide the parallel management and steering level that run alongside the work the project manager is leading.

Once the project passes through the Start up phase, you move into initiating. This is where you dig into the work that needs to be done and you start planning.

There’s quite a lot of documentation that PRINCE2® suggests you create during this stage because the plan is created and you decide how to do risk management, communications, project controls, change control, quality and more.

This process helps you monitor and control the work throughout the stage. It’s the day-to-day effective project management that falls into this process.

You review progress, monitor that against the baseline you set and correct any deviations.

This process is what you use when you are ready to complete a product delivery. As you can imagine, these processes often overlap and happen in parallel, so PRINCE2® doesn’t exactly offer you a start-to-finish step-by-step approach. It’s far more flexible than that.

You might use this process several times throughout the life cycle as you need to get stakeholders to accept products as you go.

Stage boundaries are the points at which you move the project on. This is the process you use moving between project stages. It’s basically the approval for moving on to the next chunk of the work.

The project board review progress so far, look at the business justification and make the call as to whether the work continues.

Closing a project

Finally, there is a process around closing a project . It covers how to wrap up the work and ensure the loose ends are tidied away, making sure the products are delivered to the required standard and handed over effectively to the users.

It covers verification of the product, making sure the required support is in place and ensuring open actions and issues are addressed. You’ll also review the project’s performance and assess the benefits.

Becoming PRINCE2® certified

There are two levels of PRINCE2® certification: Foundation and Practitioner.

There is the ‘ordinary’ flavor of PRINCE2® and then there is also Agile Foundation and Agile Practitioner.

You’ll need to choose a training course and study with an accredited provider. I recommend studying with a PRINCE2® exam simulator because taking practice questions are key to not flaking out in the exam. I did loads of past papers when I took it, and they really helped. Once you re ready, take the exam(s).

Typically, the full Foundation/Practitioner certification course is 5 days, including both exams. There are no prerequisites for enrolling for the Foundation course. You can also take the course online with plenty of different format options.

However, I would say that some project management experience will make it easier for you to do the training and get through the exam, because it is intensive.

The course I took (and the format most in-person courses take) is to do the knowledge-led content over 2.5 days and then take the Foundation certificate exam on the Wednesday afternoon. Then spend Thursday and Friday morning on Practitioner content and exam prep, with the Practitioner exam on the Friday afternoon.

In other words, you can get PRINCE2® certified in a week with no prerequisites, which makes it a good option for people who don’t have years of experience.

You will need to maintain your certificate with a subscription service or take the exam again when it expires.

Ready to get certified? Check out the AXELOS-accredited PRINCE2® Practitioner course led by Frank Turley offered by Management Plaza.

A comprehensive and accredited PRINCE2® Practitioner online course, including exam voucher and simulator access.

PRINCE2® is one of the project management methodologies open to you. It’s a flexible, effective method for leading an entire project. Where will PRINCE2® take you?

Project manager, author, mentor

Elizabeth Harrin is a Fellow of the Association for Project Management in the UK. She holds degrees from the University of York and Roehampton University, and several project management certifications including APM PMQ. She first took her PRINCE2 Practitioner exam in 2004 and has worked extensively in project delivery for over 20 years. Elizabeth is also the founder of the Project Management Rebels community, a mentoring group for professionals. She's written several books for project managers including Managing Multiple Projects .

What Is PRINCE2 Project Management?

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PRINCE2, or PRojects In Controlled Environments, is a popular project management methodology used in over 150 countries. It’s a process-based approach that focuses on organization and control throughout the entire project. Every project starts with a thorough project plan , each stage of the project is structured, and any loose ends are tied up after the project is complete. But what is PRINCE2 project management in practice? Keep reading for the underlying principles and seven-step process of this approach.

The seven principles of PRINCE2 project management

The PRINCE2 method is built on seven key principles:

• Projects must have business justification, including a clear need, defined customer, realistic benefits, and detailed cost assessment.
• Continuous learning is essential. Lessons are sought and recorded at every step in the process and used to improve future work.
• Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined, and everyone knows who is responsible for what.
• Work is planned in stages. Large projects are broken up into phases, with time in between to reflect on lessons learned and ensure the project is still on track to meet its goals.
• Project boards establish baseline requirements for essentials like deadlines, cost, risk, and scope and delegate day-to-day management responsibilities to a project manager.
• Teams use a quality register to check deliverables against requirements.
• The PRINCE2 method should be adjusted to suit the specifics of each project. The amount of oversight and planning can be tailored to fit the scope, the number of people involved, etc.

The 7 phases of PRINCE2 project management

The PRINCE2 process follows these seven phases:

• Start-up: A new project request is submitted in the form of a project mandate, which defines the proposed project’s business justification. If approved, a more detailed project brief covering resources, deliverables, etc. will be created.
• Directing: The project board reviews project briefs for approval and determines what is required to execute the project.
• Initiation: The project manager is appointed and creates a comprehensive project plan, including baselines for time, cost, quality, scope, risk, and benefits. Work begins once the project board approves the plan.
• Controlling: The project manager breaks the project down into smaller “work packages” and assigns them to the project team to complete.
• Managing product delivery: The project manager ensures the project progresses as planned and that deliverables meet expectations. The project board evaluates completed work packages to either approve or request additional work.
• Managing stage boundaries: At the end of each stage, the project board holds a review to decide whether to continue to the next phase or abandon the project. Project managers conduct a retrospective with their team to record the lessons learned and improve processes for the following work stage.
• Closing: Once the project is complete, the project manager completes any necessary documentation, outcomes, and reporting.

Curious about other popular project management methodologies?

To learn more about PRINCE2 and other common project management methodologies, download our free guide: The Beginner’s Guide to Project Management Methodologies .

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PRINCE2 Project Management

Of the many approaches to project management, the PRojects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2) methodology is one of the most versatile and widely implemented. This article provides an overview of PRINCE2 roles, principles, and methods, and describes how to apply them in different industries.

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What is PRINCE2?

PRINCE2 is a process-based project management methodology that involves dividing a project into manageable stages and tackling each stage with thorough planning, organization, and control. PRINCE2 is flexible enough for organizations to adapt it to various project types and sizes.

PRINCE2’s flexibility is one of its biggest benefits. It’s adaptable and integrates easily with other frameworks, such as Agile . Because of its global adoption over the last few decades, its terminology and methods are familiar and easily recognized across many industries.

A large group of collaborators developed PRINCE2 based on considerable practical knowledge and a proven track record of effectiveness. When implementing PRINCE2, clearly defined roles, careful planning, and strict viability standards improve risk management .

PRINCE2: Origins and principles.

The Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) in the United Kingdom developed PRINCE2’s predecessor, PRINCE, in 1989 to manage IT projects by the British government. In 1996, project management experts reviewed and modified the methodology for various industries and released it to the public as PRINCE2.

The following seven key principles lay the foundation for the methodology:

• Continually justify business : Projects must be viable. This means performing a cost assessment and clearly defining all benefits to justify the project’s viability. Organizations should discontinue nonviable projects and periodically reevaluate viable projects for continued justification.
• Learn from lessons : At the beginning of the project, gather and examine the information from previous project outcomes for lessons learned. As the project moves through the various stages, continue this examination as you learn new lessons.
• Define the organizational structure : Clearly define the organizational structure so everyone involved can see and understand their roles and responsibilities.
• Break down into stages : Break down the project into clearly defined stages, with each stage carefully planned and monitored. How stages break down may vary, but specific deliverables may indicate natural breaking points.
• Have an exception plan : The project manager generally does not intervene unless project metrics (cost, time, etc.) deviate outside of pre-established guidelines. This allows the team to operate autonomously and efficiently.
• Focus on quality : Emphasize the quality of deliverables or products instead of focusing on the process at the expense of the outcomes.
• Tailor to suit project needs : Because each project varies in scope and size, tailor the methodology to meet each project’s specific needs.

Major roles in PRINCE2 project management.

Implementing PRINCE2 successfully requires clearly defining roles and responsibilities. There are three major roles: the project board, the project manager, and the project team. Each tier plays a different part in the overall process:

Project board.

The representatives from three primary groups typically comprise the project board:

• Customer or executive : This role represents the person or company paying for the project and is typically the chair of the project board.
• Senior user : This is a representative of users of the project’s products and ensures that the users’ needs are clearly defined and met by the project.
• Senior supplier : This person acts as the expert who can advise what resources are needed to complete the project.

The project board collectively makes decisions about the initiation and implementation of the project, including selecting project managers. They are often responsible for project assurance and final decisions about how to resolve major issues.

Project manager.

The project manager is responsible for the overall project planning and overseeing the implementation of various project stages. They must assemble the teams needed for each stage, define roles within those teams, and work with the teams to set realistic goals and timelines.

Project managers ensure that projects stay within defined cost, time, and other metrics and report progress to the project board. They may also act as a change authority, considering and implementing changes to project plans as needed. However, they generally defer larger changes or decisions that will impact overall project goals to the project board.

Project team.

Individual project teams are responsible for carrying out tasks that generate the end product or deliverables. With the PRINCE2 methodology, teams operate with relative autonomy unless project metrics fall outside predetermined parameters and require manager intervention. Team managers provide regular updates to project managers and ensure assigned team members handle tasks smoothly.

The 7 key processes of PRINCE2.

PRINCE2 project implementation involves seven key processes outlining the work required for project completion. Breaking down the processes like this allows for better organization, planning, and project monitoring to elucidate intermediate goals and enable course correction as needed.

1—Starting the project.

Someone submits a project mandate, requesting the project and indicating project goals. Members of the project board and the project manager may gather information and prepare an initial plan outline.

For example, suppose a company’s IT department needs to replace companywide computers with more updated models. They may submit a project mandate describing why this is needed (to enable more streamlined work, reduce help tickets, and shore up IT security issues) and an initial cost estimate contrasted with costs associated with not performing the upgrade.

2—Directing the project.

The project board convenes to assess project justification. At this point, they may perform a cost-benefit analysis to determine the project’s viability. If deemed viable, the board then develops a more concrete project plan that the project manager further breaks down.

As an example, consider a toy company assessing the project of developing a new toy design. Part of assessing viability would include determining production costs, evaluating how moving resources toward the new product affects other product lines, and assessing potential market interest in the new product.

3—Initiating the project.

The process of project initiation is where the major project planning takes place. A project manager establishes project teams and team leaders, breaks down roles within each team, and specifies budgets and timelines to go along with each task. The project manager also establishes project metrics, procedures, and outcomes, and prepares necessary documentation. At the end of the project initiation, all project stages are well-defined and the project work is ready to begin.

For example, imagine a hospital initiates a project that involves a new streamlined check-in procedure. The project manager will need to determine which hospital departments these changes will affect, specify teams to design any necessary forms or tools for the new procedure, and pick teams to develop a plan for training employees on the new procedure. Indicate a timeline for rollout, considering how to smooth the transition, and specify metrics by which to assess outcomes.

4— Controlling stages.

At each project stage, the project manager assesses progress and intervenes as necessary if the project exceeds the predetermined tolerances. Team leaders may report problems or request changes to plans as needed, and the project manager is responsible for approving adjustments and bringing concerns to the attention of the project board.

Suppose an aerospace manufacturer has taken on the project of developing a new electronic component. Due to supply chain issues, they cannot easily source a part they planned on using in the design, and they have to start over. This gets reported to the project manager, who adjusts the timeline for that stage of development.

5—Managing delivery of the project.

While the project manager focuses on controlling project stages, team managers focus on direct execution of work and quality assurance of final project deliverables . They report results to the project manager, who consolidates information and reports to the project board.

As an example, imagine a food processing plant creates a new frozen vegetable medley as a product. Quality assurance of the product may involve focus group taste-testing and health and safety checks.

6—Managing stage boundaries.

After each stage, the organization assesses outcomes and product quality, extracts lessons learned, and adjusts plans as needed. Reviews occur at the team, project management, and project board levels. The board makes any final decisions about whether to move to the next stage or abandon or revise the project.

Imagine an electric company creating a department focused on setting up solar energy panels in a newly purchased plot of land. After completing a project stage where they evaluated panels from different suppliers, they discover that the overall cost-effectiveness of their venture is not likely to match initial hopes. They may abandon or put the plan on hold as a result.

7— Closing the project.

Once completing the project , the project manager ties up any loose ends. This may include creating documentation, including outcomes assessments or reports to plan and justify future project stages.

Putting PRINCE2 into practice.

The information presented in this article provides an overview of the PRINCE2 project methodology for professionals overseeing deliverables, including project management professionals or members of skillfully managed teams. Putting PRINCE2 into practice may involve an initial investment in training or adapting the overall ideas into your current practices as you see fit.

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The 7 principles, practices and processes of PRINCE2®

PRINCE2® is a project management methodology of 7s. The principles, practices and processes all follow this model. In this blog, we’ll break down each one and discuss how they are related to each other.

What are the 7 principles of PRINCE2?

The seven principles are a set of guiding values that shape the framework, and provide a solid foundation for managing a project.

• Continued business justification: A project must make good business sense. There needs to be a clear return on investment, and the use of time and resources should be justified
• Learn from experience: Project teams should take lessons learnt from previous projects into account. A lessons log is monitored and updated for this purpose
• Define roles, responsibilities and relationships: Everyone involved in a PRINCE2 project, internal team members and external stakeholders, have defined and agreed upon roles and responsibilities
• Manage by exception: A project running well doesn’t need intervention from the project board or other authority figures within the business. These individuals should only be informed should an agreed upon tolerance limit be reached
• Manage by stages: Break the project up into manageable stages, each of which should be effectively planned, monitored and controlled
• Focus on products: Your project should be focused on its product, and ensuring this meets the expectations and requirements of the user
• Tailor to suit the project: PRINCE2 can be scaled and tailored to all projects regardless of their size, environment, complexity, team capability, etc. Projects that adapt PRINCE2 to their needs are more likely to succeed than projects that use PRINCE2 dogmatically

What are the 7 practices of PRINCE2?

The practices provide insight into how the project should be managed. These are set up at the beginning of a project, and should be monitored and addressed throughout.

• Business case: The business case is used to support decision making ensuring the project remains desirable, viable and achievable
• Organizing: This practice aims to define and establish the project’s structure of accountability and who is responsible for what
• Plans: Plans define the who, what, when, where, how and for how much of a project
• Quality: This practice helps ensure that the users’ requirements and expectations are met
• Risk: The purpose of this practice is to identify, assess and control uncertain events during a project
• Issues: Aims to address issues and control changes to the project’s baseline
• Progress: The progress practice is all about tracking and monitoring the project, encouraging teams to check and control where they are in relation to the project plan

What are the 7 processes of PRINCE2?

The PRINCE2 methodology separates the running of a project into seven processes. Each one is overseen by the project manager and approved by the project board.

Starting up a project

This process ensures that the prerequisites for initiating a project have been established. This involves:

• Creating a project mandate which answers logical questions about the project. It explains the purpose of the project, who will carry it out and how to execute it
• Establishing a project brief, this is derived from the mandate, lessons log and discussions with people involved in the project
• Assigning a team, the brief should give them all the information needed for the next process

Directing a project

This process details the role of the project board, and should be an ongoing process through a project.

The main responsibilities of the project board include:

Initiating a project

• Making key decisions
• Ensuring a project remains viable
• Dictating project closure

The purpose of this process is to establish solid foundations for the project, outlining how the following performance targets will be managed:

Controlling a stage

In accordance with the PRINCE2 principles, a project should be split into manageable stages. The ‘controlling a stage’ process involves:

• Assigning the work within a stage
• Monitoring that these tasks are complete
• Handling issues
• Reporting progress to the project board
• Ensuring a stage remains within agreed tolerances

Managing product delivery

This process regards the communication between a project manager and team manager. Team managers may be internal or external. Their role is to coordinate the work that needs to be complete to deliver one or more of the specialist products that make up the final project product.

The majority of communication will be regarding the following steps:

• Accepting a work package
• Executing a work package
• Evaluating a work package
• Completing a work package

Managing stage boundaries

The project will be reviewed by the project manager and board at every stage, at which point the board will decide whether or not to continue with the project.

This process consists of the following activities:

• Confirming the stage end and completion of all related tasks
• Planning the next stage
• Reviewing and updating the PID
• Requesting authorisation to start the next stage

Pre-Project

What happens before the project starts? This is known as Pre-Project (project has not started yet).

Someone, somewhere, at sometime has an idea or a need. This can be a business opportunity or something that is necessary to do for the company (e.g., a change in legislation like a CO2 reduction). This idea or need is the trigger for the project.

The first step that is normally taken is the creation of a project mandate document. This is why we say that the project mandate is the Trigger for the project. A project mandate can be a simple one-page note, an email, or a structured document based on a company project mandate template.

There are a number of Pre-Project activities to be done and these are referred to as the project start-up. PRINCE2 suggests a number of pre-project activities that should be done. All of them are contained in a process (i.e., the Starting up a Project process).

The main objective of the Starting Up a Project process is to verify that the project is worthwhile. The project mandate is expanded to a Project Brief, and a plan is created for the Initiation stage. The Starting Up a Project process is also about preventing poor projects from starting.

After this process is complete, The Project Board reviews the Project Brief and decides whether to initiate the project. This is the first decision that the Project Board takes.

Initiation Stage

This is the first Stage in a project and the activities to be performed for project initiation are contained in the Initiating a Project process. The main objectives of the Initiation Stage are to:

• Define the Project Product quality, project timeline, costs, risk analysis and commitment of resources, and then assemble the Project Initiation Documentation (PID). The PID contains almost all of the project information to date, including the Project Plan.
• Create a detailed Business Case , document the benefits and prepare a Benefits Management Approach that will describe how and when Benefits will be reviewed.
• The Project Plan is a high-level Plan for the whole project. A Stage Plan is also created for the first delivery Stage Plan (in the Stage Boundary process), which is a lot more detailed.

At the end of the Initiation Stage, the Project Board will receive the PID and decide whether to authorize the project or not. In simple terms, this means that the Project Board will decide (Yes or No) to allow the project to start. If yes, the PID is baselined so it can be used in the future to compare the project objectives with the current situation.

Most of the initiation activities are run in a process called Initiating a Project .

Stages after the Initiation Stage

The Project Manager has day-to-day responsibility for the project on a stage-by-stage basis, and reports to the Project Board. The Project Manager does the following:

• Assigns work to be done (assigns work to the Team Managers).
• Checks that all deliverables have passed the required quality tests.
• Checks that stage is in line with Stage Plan.
• Checks that forecasts are within project tolerances.
• All these activities are done in the Controlling a Stage process.

At the same time the Project Manager maintains a number of documents, such as the Daily Log , Lessons Log , Issue Register , Risk Register , Quality Register , and Configuration Item Record .

The Project Manager keeps the Project Board up to date about the progress of the project using the Highlight Report . For example, the Project Board may have agreed to receive a Highlight Report every two weeks from the Project Manager.

Different types of Work Package are produced in the Managing Product Delivery process, and the Checkpoint Report is used to keep the Project Manager up to date on a regular basis.

Towards the end of a stage in the Managing a Stage Boundary process, the Project Manager will request permission to proceed to the next stage and will have to provide the following information to the Project Board: Updated Business Case , End Stage Report , and Next Stage Plan.

The Project Board will use the information provided by the Project Manager to assess the continued viability of the project and will make the decision to authorize the next stage.

Final Delivery Stage

During the final stage, the Project Manager will be accepting and getting approval for the last products to be produced, and will focus on decommissioning the project.

The Project Board will check that the recipients of the project’s products are in a position to own and use them, and will also check that they will be supported after the project has stopped.

The Closing a Project process is always the last part of the last stage and it describes a number of activities that should be done, such as:

• Assessing the project by comparing it to the original plan
• Writing End Project Report
• Planning post-project benefits reviews
• Writing and delivering Lessons Learned Report

The Project Board will revise the data provided by the Project Manager and then can take the decision to Authorize Project Closure. The Project Manager can then leave the building ;)

Effective Project Management: Why the PRINCE2 method is more relevant than ever

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September 25, 2020  |

  15  min read

Many organizations are driven by projects. Projects help us to create new products, implement improvements, retire legacy systems, and much more. Project management, therefore, is often an integral part of business. 

PRINCE2 is a world-leading project management method. It not a prescriptive set of rules, but rather a flexible, principle-driven approach that is designed to be tailored to every individual situation. No two projects are the same, but you can ensure consistently excellent results using the PRINCE2 method. This paper explains why. 

Introduction

The PRINCE2® method is more relevant now than ever for project management professionals in all sectors and across all geographies. This paper explores why by focusing on:

• How it has been developed over time to become a key part of the Axelos portfolio.
• What it is and how it works.
• Why it is universally used.
• The power of the principles, which are universal, are applicable to every project, and drive the method.
• The strength of the themes that are integrated and addressed continually throughout the project.
• The logical and effective processes, defining the project lifecycle from beginning to end.

What do Axelo products do?

The Axelos product portfolio, including PRINCE2, provides effective practical guidance and the endorsement of acquired knowledge, which can be used to develop skills and processes. This is supported with case studies and testimonials from end users.

The content developed by Axelos is distilled from real-world experience and developing practices. Based on robust reviews with the Axelos ecosystem and detailed guidance updates by subject matter experts, Axelos content is in constant evolution. Its development shows that collaboration runs through the heart of everything that Axelos does.

The certifications endorsed by Axelos distinguish individuals as knowledgeable professionals in a specific area of expertise, instilling confidence and empowering them to succeed. Any professional with the designations of the PPM portfolio will be able to:

• deliver consistent results and reduce costs
• ensure the organization makes good investments
• improve speed-to-market by increasing efficiencies
• improve customer and stakeholder satisfaction
• provide a competitive advantage
• apply knowledge of a range of delivery modes: including agile, linear, and hybrid
• understand and provide governance and deliver successful change
• be a key player for change within an organization.

Equipped with the above, individuals can simultaneously boost their careers and help their organizations achieve better outcomes.

What are projects?

Projects have been with us since the dawn of civilization. Throughout history, projects have allowed organizations to produce new products or capabilities, resulting in change. Other examples where project management is required include:

• marketing campaigns
• product development
• setting up a new internal process
• responding to regulatory and legislative changes.

What is the PRINCE2 method?

With roots dating back to the mid-1970s, PRINCE2 has been with us since 1996, providing a method for effective project management and continuous development for project management practitioners for over 20 years.

Figure 4.1 PRINCE2 timeline

The PRINCE2 method helps to successfully deliver projects of any size or complexity because it is generic and universal by design. This is a key feature of PRINCE2. Built from a wealth of experience, the method provides the essentials for managing any kind of project. As the leading global method for project management, it is implemented across a wide range of industries and sectors, standardizing roles, language, and processes for organizations and professionals alike.

The PRINCE2 method keeps project managers on track. It ensures acute control on the key elements of any project: cost, time, quality, scope, benefits, and risks and drives improved communications with stakeholders and within teams. The method is flexible, scalable, and tailorable for each project. It is designed to contribute to the success of a project without burdening it with bureaucracy.

Consisting of guidance, training, and a professional certification, PRINCE2 represents the ‘how to’ of project management. The method addresses project management the four integrated elements of principles, themes, processes, and the project environment.

Figure 4.2 The structure of PRINCE2

4.2 PRINCIPLES

PRINCE2 is a principle-based method rather than a prescriptive one. The principles provide a structure of best practice for people involved in a project and were developed from lessons taken from both successful and failed projects. The principles are:

• Universal: they apply to every project.
• Self-validating: they have been proven in practice over many years.
• Empowering: they provide confidence to practitioners and the ability to influence and shape how the project will be managed.

The seven principles are:

• Continued business justification : which requires a justifiable reason for starting the project. This justification is revalidated throughout the lifecycle of the project.
• Learn from experience : when starting a project, lessons from previous or similar projects should be reviewed and applied. This is especially important if a project of this complexity and size is being conducted for the first time, and the project should consider learning from external sources. As the project progresses, the project team should continue to seek opportunities in implementing improvements during the project lifecycle. It is the responsibility of everyone on the project to look for lessons. Those lessons should be logged as the project closes.
• Defined roles and responsibilities : a PRINCE2 project has defined roles and responsibilities within an organizational structure that engages the business, user, and supplier stakeholder interests. The business endorses the project objectives and ensures that the business investment provides value for money. Users will use the products after the project has been completed, enabling the organization to realize the expected benefits. Suppliers provide the resources and expertise required by the project and can be internal or external to the organization.
• size and complexity
• decision and control points
• organizational standards.
• Manage by exception : a PRINCE2 project has defined tolerances for each variable (cost, time, quality, scope, benefits, and risk) to establish limits of delegated authority. The project board delegates the authority for the daily running of a management stage (within agreed tolerances) to the project manager. If the management stage is forecast to remain within tolerance, then the project manager has discretion to make adjustments as required. This allows the project board to manage by exception. This implementation of ‘manage by exception’ is an efficient use of senior management time as it reduces the senior managers’ time burden without removing their control by ensuring decisions are made at the right level in the organization.
• Focus on products : a PRINCE2 project focuses on the definition and delivery of products, especially their quality requirements. Under this principle, PRINCE2 requires projects to be output-oriented rather than work-oriented. PRINCE2 calls these outputs ‘products’. A product is an input or output (tangible or intangible) that can be described in advance, created, and tested. PRINCE2 has two types of products: management products and specialist products. This separation is another key feature of the method.
• the project management method used is appropriate to the project (e.g. aligning the method with the business processes that may govern and support the project such as human resources, finance, and procurement).
• project controls (e.g. the frequency and formality of reports and reviews) are appropriate to the project’s scale, complexity, importance, team capability, and risk.

The themes describe aspects of project management that must be addressed continually as the project progresses through its lifecycle. The seven themes are shown in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1 The seven PRINCE2 themes

A great strength of PRINCE2 is the way in which the seven themes are integrated, and this is achieved because of the specific treatment of each theme. How the themes are applied can be influenced by tailoring. This may range from being rigid and prescriptive through to allowing the project management team a large degree of freedom in how they implement each theme.

All of the seven themes must be applied in a project, but they should be tailored according to the risk, scale, complexity, or simplicity of the project concerned and contained in each theme chapter. Tailoring allows the themes to be adapted to create appropriate procedures and controls, provided that:

• the principles are upheld
• the minimum requirements in each theme are satisfied
• the purpose of each theme is not compromised.

It is important to note that the processes, procedures, and controls through which themes are implemented can become complex and prescriptive. This often creates an unnecessary burden on projects and seldom provides greater control. It is usually better to keep processes and procedures as simple as possible and ensure the project management team really knows how to use them. The more knowledgeable the team, the lighter the processes, procedures, and controls can be. It is better to coach people in using a process or procedure than to keep adding more detail in the hope they will understand it better.

To ease understanding, the chapters in the PRINCE2 manual have been structured as follows:

• Theme: Why the theme is important to the successful delivery of a project and the core concepts necessary to understand PRINCE2’s requirements for the theme.
• PRINCE2’s requirements for the theme: What is required, as a minimum, to be following the PRINCE2 method.
• Guidance for the effective use of the theme: How to practically apply the theme to different organizations, environments, and delivery approaches.
• Techniques: Techniques that can be used for the theme.

4.4 PROCESSES

PRINCE2 is a process-based approach for project management. A process is a structured set of activities designed to accomplish a specific objective. It takes one or more defined inputs and turns them into defined outputs.

Figure 4.3 The PRINCE2 processes

The project board sets the direction and makes key decisions throughout the life of the project. The project board activities are covered in Chapter 15 of the PRINCE2 manual and runs from pre-project through to (and including) the final management stage. It is important to note that the ‘Directing a Project’ process in chapter 15 is further explained and supported by guidance contained within Directing Successful Projects with PRINCE2® (AXELOS, 2018). It is important for organizations to use both the core PRINCE2 manual method and this guidance to fully support the work of project boards.

Particular care must be taken during the start-up of the project stage; if this is done badly, the project is likely to fail further down the lifecycle.

4.5 BENEFITS TO ORGANIZATIONS

PRINCE2 benefits organizations by:

• Providing a centralized approach to project management: which results in consistency, clarity, and efficiency for the organization’s projects.
• Ensuring business justification: a standardized approach to managing time, risk, cost, benefits, scope, and quality which ensures that the resource is justified and return on investment is consistently measured.

Figure 4.4 PRINCE2 benefits to organizations

Other benefits to organizations are shown in Figure 4.4

4.6 BENEFITS TO INDIVIDUALS

PRINCE2 benefits individuals by providing:

• Step-by-step guidance: ensuring project managers have an effective and efficient team structure, relevant planning, and manageable stages to deliver their project on time and within scope and budget.
• An accessible way to boost their resume: the PRINCE2 certification has no prerequisites, which means project managers can sit the certification at any point in their career, without waiting to reach a certain level of professional experience.
• The means to effectively plan, delegate, monitor, and control their work. It also supports them with their demanding role using health checks and a process-based method which follows the project lifecycle.

4.7 WHAT IS THE APPEAL OF THE PRINCE2 METHOD?

The PRINCE2 method exists within the context of several standards and bodies of knowledge, including:

• ISO 21500:2012: guidance on project management which is the global standard.
• BSI 6079 2019 Project Management: principles and guidelines for the management of projects.
• PMBOK Guide, 6th edition: A Guide to the Project Management Institute Body of Knowledge from PMI.
• APMBOK 6th edition: APM Body of Knowledge.

PRINCE2 also has considerable synergy with ITIL ® 4, the best practice framework for IT and service management.

The method provides the following for organizations:

• helps to successfully deliver projects of any size or complexity because it is generic in nature
• applicable to a wide variety of industries and geographies
• built from a wealth of experience, being continually evolved over a period of more than 20 years
• provides the essentials for managing any project.

PRINCE2 is a logical, principle-driven method that follows the project lifecycle and by doing so, mitigates the fear that often surrounds projects and the introduction of change into an organization.

Recent research * shows that project management professionals are needed now more than ever, with the ever-increasing demands for change from organizations and the expansion of project management into industries such as Healthcare, Publishing, and Professional Services. From 2017 to 2027, the biggest increase in project management jobs in project-oriented industries will be in India, China, and the US.

With over one million certification professionals in over 150 countries, it is the world’s most widely adopted project management certification. It has seen an evolutionary process of robust review and revision, resulting in the formation of the current product. There are numerous PRINCE2 case studies, demonstrating how the method can be put into practice and these continue to grow. In these uniquely uncertain times of social, political, and environmental instability, PRINCE2 provides organizations and individuals with the confidence to introduce change and achieve successful outcomes.

* Source: PMI (2017). Project Management Job Growth and Talent Gap Report 2017 to 2027 . Web. Available at: www.pmi.org/learning/careers/job-growth [Accessed 24 September 2020]

ffective Project Management: Why the PRINCE2 method is more relevant than ever

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Value of Teaching PRINCE2 Project Management Methodology

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• Angela Lecomber 2  

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PMBOK ; Project management ; Training ; PRINCE2

Introduction

As project management evolves as a field of practice, companies are now realizing that their entire business, including most of the routine activities, can be regarded as a series of projects. Simply stated, businesses are managing their transformations by projects.

There are a number of accepted approaches to project management, the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) and Projects in Controlled Environments Version 2 (PRINCE2) being two of the most important. Recently there has been considerable interest in Agile Project Management.

Joslin and Muller ( 2015 ) found that there was a positive relationship between the use of project management methodologies such as PMBOK and PRINCE2 and project success. These are described as project management “best practices” by the respective “owners” which are the Project Management Institute (PMI) and AXELOS, respectively.

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Lecomber, A. (2019). Value of Teaching PRINCE2 Project Management Methodology. In: Tatnall, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Education and Information Technologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60013-0_199-1

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Everything You Need to Know: The 7 Processes of PRINCE2

Home Blog Project Management Everything You Need to Know: The 7 Processes of PRINCE2

PRINCE2 ® is considered the abbreviation of Projects IN Controlled Environments and it is a structured project management process as well as the practitioner certification programme. It lays stress on dividing projects into controllable and manageable stages. There are many countries from all across the globe that adopt PRINCE2 ® and those countries include Western European countries, the UK, and Australia. The training of PRINCE2 ® is obtainable in various languages and it was developed in the form of a United Kingdom government standard intended for information systems projects. In the year 2013, the ownership of rights was transferred from HM Cabinet Office to AXELOS Ltd. which is considered a joint venture by Capita and the Cabinet Office to PRINCE2 ® with 49 percent and 51 percent stakes respectively.

Know more about project description .

PRINCE2 ®  Methodology

PRINCE2 ® methodology segregates the whole projects into various stages and every stage is managed in a separate manner. 

With PRINCE2 ®   methodology, 7 processes are involved:

1. Starting up a Project

The primary process includes activities that are necessary to make sure that it is a worthwhile and viable project. The activities involved in this process are the following ones:

• Appointment of the project and executive manager
• Appoint and design the project management team.
• Capture previous lessons.
• Prepare an outline business case.
• Choose the project approach and accumulate the project brief.
• Plan the initiation stage.

2. Directing a Project

This process includes the project board. In this process, authorization is given to manage a project, to proceed continuously, and provide ad hoc direction when needed. The activities of directing a Project process include the following:

• Authorize initiation.
• Authorize the project.
• Authorize stage or an execution plan.
• Provide ad hoc direction.
• Authorize project closure.

3. Initiating a Project

Initiating a Project procedure is aimed towards the Project Manager, who performs the maximum job in this process. In the other project management methods, this process is termed as planning. It is a time-consuming part of project management and the most important one too. The failure and success of a project are related directly to the planning level that was done. The activities in this step include the following:

• Agree on tailoring needs.
• Preparing the risk management approach
• Preparing the change control approach
• Preparing the quality management approach
• Preparing communication management approach
• Set project controls.
• Create a project plan.
• Formulate the Benefits Management Approach
• Assemble the PID or project initiation documentation.

The project manager has the responsibility to assemble the PID. It comprises of the following items:

• Project definition
• Project approach
• Business case
• Team structure
• Role descriptions
• Quality management approach
• Change control approach.
• Risk management approach
• Communication management approach
• Project plan
• Project controls

4. Controlling a stage

This process includes making sure that the management stage stays within tolerance. It starts when a stage is authorized to move forward by a project board and its activities are carried out by a project manager.

• Authorizing a work package
• Review status of work package
• Get completed work packages.
• Review management stage status
• Report highlights
• Assess and capture issues and risks.
• Escalate risks and issues.
• Take corrective action.

5. Managing Product Delivery

This product focuses on the delivery of the end service or product of a project. It is performed by the team manager primarily, the technical manager, who transfers the reports and the project to the project manager. Three major activities in this process are as follows:

• Accepting a work package
• Perform a work package.
• Send a work package.

6. Managing State Boundaries

As management stage approaches, this procedure comes in. It is needed so that a project board may review the success of the present stage and approve the succeeding stage. At state boundaries, PID is updated, and most project documents are confirmed and reviewed. The activities performed by the project manager are as follows:

• Planning the succeeding management stage
• Updating the project plan
• Updating a business case
• Report Management stage
• Create an exception plan.

7. Closing a Project

A project is a provisional endeavor. It has a beginning and an end. The project closure jobs are very small and visible to senior management; therefore, they have a vast role in project success. The five activities in Closing a Project process are as follows:

• Prepare planned closure.
• Prepare premature closure.
• Hand over products
• Evaluate the project.
• Recommend project closure.

The Project Manager recommends project closure for the Project Board’s approval.

Get to know more about characteristics of project management .

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PRINCE2 ®  Process Model

You will get articles on PRINCE2 ® processes in Portuguese, Spanish, Russian, Italian, Dutch, French, and Polish. A process is recognized as an organized set of activities and their job is accomplishing a particular objective. There are many activities of PRINCE2 ® meant for Starting Up a project or running a project. It groups them into processes.

Actually, PRINCE2 ® is considered a process-based approach which is highly beneficial for project management, and there are mainly seven processes that will guide a person through the project. Every project does provide a set of activities and these activities aid in directing, managing, and delivering a project. You will get them all in the manual of PRINCE2 ® .                                                     

The seven processes of PRINCE2 ® are:

• SU (Starting Up a project)
• IP (Initiating a Project)
• DP (Directing a Project)
• CS (Controlling a Stage)
• MP (Managing Product Delivery)
• SB (Managing a Stage Boundary)
• CP (Closing a Project)

Summary of the Processes

There are 7 management processes in PRINCE2 ® and each process has the job of one of the management levels, as Project Manager, Team Manager, or Project Board.

• Directing a Project Process –  It has the liability of the Project Board. Directing a Project Process runs from the beginning of the project and continues to live till the last. Starting Up a Project method happens prior to the starting of the project. During Directing a Project procedure, the Project Board does authorize project stages besides managing the general project through the utilization of Management by Exception.
• The Starting Up a Project process –  This is considered the liability of both the Executive and the Project Manager. It is viewed as the very first process and it is recognized as the Pre-Project process as it happens prior to the starting of the project. This is because the project doesn’t start before the Initiation Stage. In this process, the project’s reasons are recognized, the project management team gets assigned, and a Stage Plan gets created for running the Initiation Stage.
• Initiating a Project Process –  This process is the procedure which defines the product quality, Project Product, project timeline, costs, the commitment of resources, risk analysis, and assembles the Project Initiation Documentation (PID). It is also the process where the creation of Project Plan happens, and the Business Case meant for the project gets decided. All this information is accumulated into the PID.
• Controlling a Stage Process –  In the process of Controlling a Stage, the Project Manager does the majority of the work. He watches the work closely, takes remedial action, has a communication with the stakeholders, and observes alterations. Every action can get repeated many numbers of times by the Project Manager until the stage becomes complete.
• The Managing Product Delivery Process – In the process of Managing Product Delivery, the planned components are formed, and it becomes the liability of the Team Manager. Here, the compounds are created, the Work Packages are implemented, and work gets accomplished. The Team Manager does receive the Work Packages that are a list of jobs from the Project Manager. After this, he delivers the finished and tested Work Packages to the Project Manager again.
• The Managing a Stage Boundary Process – This process has got a couple of primary functions. The first one is reporting on the current stage’s performance and the second one is planning the subsequent stage. Hence, the Project Board is liberal to check how good the stage has finished its work against the Stage Plan. So, it can be said that the job of this process is evaluating the stage and preparing the plan meant for the subsequent stage.
• The Closing a Project Process –  This process does cover the job of wrapping up the project. Additionally, this process is considered the concluding portion of the final and last stage. PRINCE2 ® recommends many activities for preparing the project for the finish, like Lessons Learned Report, Acceptance Record, and End Project Report . The productivity of this process would be fundamental for the confirmation of closure of the Project Board because the Project Board remains responsible for closing a project in place of the Project Manager.

PRINCE2® Stage Gates

PRINCE2 ® uses the Stage Gate Model for controlling the progress of a project. It means the work that is to be delivered is broken down into manageable sections each of which is easily understandable. PRINCE2 ® name these sections as Management Stages. At the end of every Stage or Section, three important checks are done without fail:

• Look Back- to make sure the work of the present stage is done, or nothing is left behind.
• Look at the Big Picture- review the Project’s viability in a business case, check the project plan’s schedule, and make sure all risks are properly documented and are under control.
• Look forward- provide a Stage Plan for covering the work in the upcoming stage.

The stage is a  Phase.

Projects should be broken down into phases to make them manageable. In fact, it is a very simple and known principle in any project management. The management stages of PRINCE2 ® are discrete and sequential sections of a project. The stages are chronological and most cases interdependent. One stage happens only after the earlier one is completed. Stages may involve the same work or different work. There is no rule as to when a stage should end and when the next one begins; however, the stages must be sufficiently small to be manageable and large enough so that micromanaging the resources invested and people involved becomes easy.

Choice of Stages

Stage boundaries are selected based on project phases if they exist. The completion of project deliverables and project life cycle events can make good stage boundaries. The complexity and size of a Project is an important factor in several stages. There are complex and large projects that have more stages, and they have more control over project work.

All projects basically have two stages: an initiation stage and an execution stage. In the first stage, the project planning activities are done, i.e. the blueprint is developed and in the second stage, project execution happens.

Process Model Color

Color plays a vital role in the PRINCE2 ® process model. There are several processes included in the model and some processes are applied more than another process. For a better understanding of the relationships among different processes, colors are used in the PRINCE2 ®   process model. Following four colors items are found in the whole process model:

• Blue items: Items with blue shades signify these items are used or executed once in the whole project.
• Green items: Items with green shades are used once in each stage.
• Orange items: Items with orange shades can be executed several times in a stage.
• Dark red items: Items with dark red shades signify it can be implemented several times in a stage.

Kevin D.Davis

Kevin D. Davis is a seasoned and results-driven Program/Project Management Professional with a Master's Certificate in Advanced Project Management. With expertise in leading multi-million dollar projects, strategic planning, and sales operations, Kevin excels in maximizing solutions and building business cases. He possesses a deep understanding of methodologies such as PMBOK, Lean Six Sigma, and TQM to achieve business/technology alignment. With over 100 instructional training sessions and extensive experience as a PMP Exam Prep Instructor at KnowledgeHut, Kevin has a proven track record in project management training and consulting. His expertise has helped in driving successful project outcomes and fostering organizational growth.

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Top 12 Professional Training Courses

This blog explores the top 12 Professional Training Courses, including ITIL, Scrum, IOSH, NEBOSH, PRINCE2, Lean Six Sigma, PMP and ISO 9001. These Professional Training Courses offer significant benefits such as enhanced skills, higher earning potential, and global recognition, making them essential for career growth and success.

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In the bustling world of work, keeping your skills sharp is key. Dive into our 12 Professional Training Courses blog, your toolkit for staying on top. Want to boost your skills, switch careers, or kickstart your professional life? These courses are your ticket to exciting prospects. Let’s journey through handpicked Professional Training Courses that will boost your know-how and unlock amazing growth. Get set for a brilliant future – it’s time to shine! 

Table of Contents 

1) ITIL 

2) Scrum 

3) IOSH 

4) NEBOSH 

5) PRINCE2 

6) TOGAF 

7)  Lean Six Sigma 

8) PMP 

9) ISO 9001 

10) Agile 

11) CompTIA Certification 

12) CCNA 

13) Conclusion 

The IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is a set of practices designed to provide a systematic approach to IT Service Management (ITSM). Since its inception in 1989, the ITIL framework has undergone multiple revisions. Currently, it spans four versions and consists of five books, each offering guidelines on various processes and phases of the IT Service Lifecycle. 

Top ITIL 4 Certifications 

Here are the key ITIL 4 Certifications that will enhance your IT Service Management skills and career prospects.  

a) ITIL Foundation: The Course covers the basics of the ITIL framework. It is designed for IT professionals who need a basic understanding of ITIL concepts, elements, and terminology, and how to apply them for better IT service management. 

b) ITIL Practitioner: The Course focuses on the practical implementation of ITIL best practices to meet business goals. It covers four key areas: continuous service improvement, organisational change management, communication, and measurement and metrics. 

c) ITIL 4 Leader: The Course focuses on the strategic elements of ITIL, helping professionals lead and drive digital transformation within their organisations. It covers how to integrate ITIL guidelines with modern technology and business strategies. 

d) ITIL Specialist: This course is tailored for professionals seeking insights into digital organisations and operating models in high-velocity environments. It delves into core Service Management activities and extends the existing scope of ITIL.  

Benefits of ITIL Certification 

Earning an ITIL Certification offers several benefits. Some of them are mentioned below: 

a) Increased employment opportunities: Many companies prefer hiring IT professionals with ITIL Certifications, making your resume stand out. This can significantly enhance your job prospects. 

b) Higher salary: Certified employees are often in higher demand and may receive better salary options. Learning advanced skills can make you a more attractive candidate. 

c) Enhanced skill set: ITIL Certifications improve your proficiency and confidence in IT Service Management. This can lead to better performance in your daily tasks. 

d) Flexible education: ITIL Courses can be completed online, fitting around your busy schedule. You can study at your own pace, making it easier to balance with other commitments. 

Scrum 

Scrum is a framework for managing product development and achieving common goals. It empowers teams to create models, experiment, review results, and make necessary adjustments. This iterative process is effective only when Scrum is properly implemented. Additionally, Scrum allows teams to incorporate practices from other frameworks, tailoring the approach to their specific needs. 

Top Scrum Certifications 

Here are some of the top Scrum Certifications that help professionals excel in Agile Project Management: 

a) Certified ScrumMaster (CSM): The Certification assists working professionals in learning the Scrum values usage, the practices applied, and the implementation. It offers the skills required to manage Scrum teams properly. 

b) Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO): The Certification is based on the responsibilities of the Product Owner. It describes how to deal with product backlogs, prioritisation, and the optimisation of product value. 

c) Certified Scrum Developer (CSD): The Certification is intended for the Software Developers. It addresses the competencies required to construct effective software utilising Scrum and Agile approaches. 

Benefits of a Scrum Certification 

Here are some of the benefits Scrum Certification offers:  

a) Understanding of Scrum framework: Certification fills in knowledge gaps and offers a comprehensive view of how the Scrum framework works. This understanding is essential for effectively leading a Scrum team. 

b) Clear roles and responsibilities: Training clarifies the responsibilities of each Scrum role, preventing the overloading of Scrum Masters or Product Owners. It reduces micromanagement and ensures everyone knows their duties. 

c) Real-time answers: Training provides the opportunity to ask questions about Scrum’s application, clearing up any confusion and enhancing your understanding of its practical use. 

d) Increased confidence: Certification helps Practitioners identify incorrect Scrum practices and confidently advocate for necessary changes to stakeholders and team members. 

e) Resume enhancement: In a competitive job market, a Scrum Certification sets you apart, showcasing that you meet the professional standards and qualifications employers seek. 

Gain knowledge of various Scrum Master techniques with our Scrum Master Certification – join today!  

IOSH (Institution of Occupational Safety and Health) is a global organisation dedicated to promoting health and safety in the workplace. It offers Professional Training Courses to improve safety standards and practices. These courses are recognised internationally and provide essential knowledge for managing workplace safety, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations, and fostering a safe working environment. 

Top IOSH Courses 

Here are some of the most popular IOSH courses that enhance workplace safety knowledge and skills. 

a) IOSH Working Safely: The IOSH Working Safely course is designed for all employees, teaching essential health and safety principles. It helps workers understand their responsibilities and how to keep themselves and others safe at work. 

b) IOSH Managing Safely: The IOSH Managing Safely course is aimed at managers and supervisors, providing them with the knowledge to manage health and safety in their teams. It covers risk assessment, hazard control, and accident investigation. 

Benefits of IOSH Course 

Taking an IOSH course provides several key benefits for workplace safety and career advancement. Let’s explore: 

a) Safety knowledge: Gain essential training on health and safety principles, helping to create a safer work environment.  

b) Regulatory compliance: Ensure compliance with safety regulations, reducing workplace accidents and associated costs. 

c) Professional reputation: Demonstrate commitment to high safety standards, building trust with employers and colleagues. 

Learn the key principles of health and safety with our IOSH Managing Safely Course – join today!  

NEBOSH 

NEBOSH stands for the National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health, which is a UK-based organisation offering internationally accredited qualifications in health, safety, and Environmental Management. These qualifications are well recognised and are useful for those people who have a career aim to enhance safety measures and to implement safety standards in different industries and organisations. 

Top NEBOSH Courses 

Below are some of the NEBOSH Courses: 

a) NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety: This Course offers an insight of the health and safety measures in organisations operating in the UK. This applies to managers, supervisors or anybody who plays a role in the management of health and safety. 

b) NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety: This Course introduces International basic concepts of health and safety courses and standards. It deals with areas including risk assessment, health & safety culture, health & safety performance monitoring & reporting, as well as workplace hazards. 

c) NEBOSH Working with Wellbeing: The major theme of this Course is to enhance and maintain wellbeing at the workplace. It increases awareness on how to promote the mental well-being of employees at work, hence improving the health and productivity of the workers. 

Benefits of NEBOSH Course 

Here are some of the advantages of the NEBOSH Course: 

a) Enhanced safety knowledge: These courses focus on imparting health and safety practices that can effectively mitigate workplace hazards 

b) Career advancement: The certificate holder can have a better chance of getting a job with a higher rank in health and safety management. 

c) Global recognition: NEBOSH qualifications are recognised all over the world, therefore they can be quite useful for those working in different countries and fields. 

d) Compliance and risk reduction: NEBOSH plays a crucial role in preventing workplace legal hazards by providing organisations with clear guidelines on health and safety compliance. 

Understand mental health awareness with our NEBOSH Working with Wellbeing Course – join today!  

PRINCE2 

PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments) is a widely used Project Management methodology that provides a structured approach to managing projects. It emphasises clear processes, defined roles, and effective communication. PRINCE2 is designed to be scalable and adaptable, making it suitable for projects of any size or complexity. 

Top PRINCE2 Courses 

Listed below are some of the PRINCE2 Courses: 

a) PRINCE2 Foundation: The Course introduces the basics of the PRINCE2 methodology, covering key concepts, principles, and terminology. It is ideal for individuals new to Project Management or those seeking to understand PRINCE2 practices. 

b) PRINCE2 Practitioner: The Course builds on the Foundation level, focusing on applying PRINCE2 principles to real projects. It is designed for professionals looking to enhance their Project Management skills and lead successful projects. 

c) PRINCE2 Agile Foundation: The Course combines PRINCE2 methodology with Agile techniques. It covers how to integrate Agile practices into PRINCE2 environments, providing a flexible approach to Project Management. 

d) PRINCE2 Agile Practitioner: The Course is for those who have completed the Foundation level. It focuses on applying Agile methods within PRINCE2 frameworks, enhancing the ability to manage complex projects in dynamic environments. 

Benefits of PRINCE2 Course 

PRINCE2 Certification offers advantages for Project Managers and organisations. Let's find out: 

a) Structured approach: The Course tends to establish a clear and efficient approach to managing projects, guaranteeing certain standards and control over the project throughout its life cycle. 

b) Enhanced project success: The clear delineation of processes and roles within PRINCE2 facilitates the efficient and timely management and completion of projects within budget. 

b) Versatility: PRINCE2 can be used for projects of any size and in any sector, which is one reason it is helpful for Project Managers. 

d) International acclaim: The Course is internationally accredited and will broaden your profile and employment opportunities in the area of Project Management. 

Gain practical insights and methodologies with our PRINCE2® Foundation Course – join today!  

TOGAF 

TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) is a comprehensive framework for enterprise architecture. It provides an approach to designing, planning, implementing, and governing enterprise information technology architecture. TOGAF helps organisations align their IT strategy with business goals, improve efficiency, and manage complex systems. 

Top TOGAF Course 

Here are the top TOGAF Courses for advancing your knowledge in enterprise architecture. 

a) TOGAF Foundation: The Course provides an introduction to the TOGAF framework. It covers the basic concepts, principles, and methodologies of enterprise architecture, preparing participants for the TOGAF Foundation certification exam. 

b) TOGAF BA Foundation: The TOGAF Business Architecture (BA) Foundation Course focuses on integrating Business Architecture with the TOGAF framework. It teaches how to align business strategy with IT strategy, ensuring cohesive and effective enterprise architecture practices. 

Benefits of TOGAF Course  

Here are some of the advantages of TOGAF: 

a) Enhanced knowledge and skills: Develop a deep understanding of TOGAF principles and methodologies, which is essential for effective Enterprise Architecture. 

b) Credibility: Achieving TOGAF Certification enhances professional credibility and demonstrates your expertise in the field. 

c) Networking opportunities: Connect with other professionals and experts in the field, expanding your professional network. 

d) Continued professional development: Stay updated with enterprise architecture's latest trends and best practices, ensuring ongoing professional growth. 

Learn how to apply business architecture techniques with our TOGAF® BA Foundation Course – join today!  

Lean Six Sigma 

Lean Six Sigma is a team-focused management approach aimed at improving performance by eliminating waste and defects. It integrates Six Sigma methodologies and tools with lean manufacturing principles. The goal is to minimise the waste of resources, including time, effort, and talent, while ensuring quality in production and organisational processes. 

Top Lean Six Sigma Certifications 

Let’s discuss the top Lean Six Sigma Certifications: 

a) Yellow Belt: The Certification covers the basics of Lean Six Sigma, introducing the fundamental concepts and tools used in process improvement. It is ideal for beginners who want to support improvement projects within their organisations.

b) Green Belt:  The Certification provides more in-depth knowledge of Lean Six Sigma methodologies. It prepares individuals to lead small-scale projects and support larger projects within their organisations. 

c) Black Belt: The Certification focuses on advanced Lean Six Sigma techniques and leadership skills. It enables professionals to lead complex projects and drive significant improvements in organisational processes. 

d) Master Black Belt: The Certification is the highest level, focusing on the strategic deployment of Lean Six Sigma across an organisation. It prepares individuals to mentor Black Belts and Green Belts and oversee large-scale improvement initiatives. 

Benefits of Lean Six Sigma Certification 

Here are the advantages of Lean Six Sigma Certification: 

a) Reduced organisational risks: Lean Six Sigma certification provides tools to identify and minimise risks, enhancing process stability and reliability within organisations. 

b) Increased industry value: The methodologies add significant value across various sectors by improving quality and operational efficiency. 

c) Hands-on quality management experience: The training involves practical applications, ensuring you can effectively implement quality improvements in real-world settings. 

d) Higher salary potential: Certified professionals are in high demand, often leading to better salary prospects due to their specialised skills. 

e) Opportunities for managerial roles: Certification paves the way for leadership positions focused on process improvement and operational excellence. 

Learn to lead projects efficiently with our Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Course – join today!  

PMP® stands for Project Management Professional, a certification offered by the Project Management Institute (PMI). It is a globally recognised credential for Project Managers, preparing them to manage people, processes, and various Project Management methodologies. PMP® certification helps professionals deliver project requirements on time and ensures maximum client satisfaction. 

Top PMP Courses 

Listed below are some of the top PMP Courses: 

a) Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM): This Course is designed for individuals who want to gain foundational knowledge in Project Management and is ideal for those starting their career in this field. 

b) Program Management Professional (PgMP):   This Course targets experienced Project Managers. It validates the ability to manage multiple, complex projects to achieve strategic and organisational goals. 

c)  Agile Certified Practitioner (ACP): This Certification focuses on Agile principles and practices, equipping professionals to manage projects in Agile environments effectively. 

d) Portfolio Management Professional (PfMP): This Course is aimed at senior-level practitioners. It emphasises Portfolio Management, ensuring an organisation’s projects align with its strategic objectives. 

Benefits of PMP Certification 

The advantages of PMP Certification are mentioned below: 

a) Enhanced career opportunities: PMP is a globally recognised certification that opens up job opportunities and makes you a more attractive candidate for employers. 

b) Higher salary potential: Certified Project Managers often earn higher salaries than their non-certified peers, reflecting their advanced skills and knowledge. 

c) Improved Project Management skills: The Certification process equips you with best practices, tools, and techniques to manage projects more effectively. 

d) Greater job security: With a PMP Certification, you demonstrate a commitment to your profession, increasing your value to employers and enhancing your job security. 

Learn the principles of Project Management with our PMP® Certification – join today!  

ISO 9001 

ISO 9001 is an international standard for Quality Management Systems (QMS). It provides a framework for organisations to ensure they consistently meet customer and regulatory requirements while enhancing customer satisfaction. ISO 9001 focuses on process improvement, efficiency, and continuous improvement within organisations. 

Top ISO 9001 Courses 

Let’s explore some of the top ISO 9001 Courses: 

a) ISO 9001 Foundation: The Course introduces the ISO 9001 standard, covering its key concepts and requirements. It is ideal for beginners who want to understand the basics of Quality Management Systems. 

b) ISO 9001 Lead Auditor: The Course trains individuals to conduct external audits of Quality Management Systems. It focuses on auditing techniques, principles, and the ISO 9001 standard, preparing participants to lead audit teams. 

c)  ISO 9001 Internal Auditor: The Course teaches the skills needed to perform internal audits within an organisation. It covers the requirements of ISO 9001 and how to ensure compliance through effective auditing practices. 

Benefits of ISO 9001 Course 

Here are the advantages of the ISO 9001 Course 

a) Increases efficiency: A Quality Management System (QMS) based on ISO 9001 ensures improved business operations and better customer service. It enhances productivity, reduces unnecessary steps, and speeds up product or service delivery. 

b) Increases profits: ISO 9001 Certification reduces waste, saving time and resources. This boosts profitability and frees up funds for new opportunities, supporting the company's future growth. 

c) Recognises business gaps: A gap analysis in ISO 9001 helps identify areas for improvement, ensuring smooth QMS operation. Regular internal audits maintain certification adherence and reduce the risk of problems. 

Understand how organisations identify the needs of interested parties with our ISO 9001 Foundation Course – join today!  

Agile 

Agile is a Project Management and product development methodology that emphasises flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centric approaches. It involves iterative development, where requirements and solutions evolve through cross-functional team collaboration. Agile promotes adaptive planning, continuous improvement, and rapid delivery of high-quality products. 

Top Agile Courses 

Here are the top two Agile Courses: 

a) Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe): This Course provides detailed training on scaling Agile practices across large enterprises. It covers principles, roles, and best practices for implementing Agile at scale, ensuring alignment and efficiency. 

b)  Agile Project Management Foundation Course: This course provides an introduction to the core concepts of Agile methodologies, emphasising the key principles and practices essential for effective Project Management. It’s perfectly suited for novices seeking to grasp and implement the foundational elements of Agile Project Management in their professional tasks. 

Benefits of Agile Course 

Some of the benefits of Agile Course are mentioned below: 

a) Consistent early value delivery: Agile ensures continuous delivery of value to stakeholders throughout the project, enhancing satisfaction and engagement. 

b) Ease of adapting to change: Agile’s structure supports dynamic environments, allowing projects to accommodate changes efficiently and smoothly. 

c) Controlled time and cost: Continuous project evaluation enables realistic control over costs, time, and scope, improving overall Project Management. 

d) Improved clarity and communication: Daily stand-ups promote clear and effective team communication, enhancing collaboration and mutual understanding. 

Learn how to apply Agile frameworks to optimise project outcomes with our Agile Project Management Foundation & Practitioner (AgilePM®) Course - join today!  

CompTIA Certification 

CompTIA Certification refers to a range of credentials offered by the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA). These Certifications validate the skills and knowledge required for various IT roles. They cover essential areas like Networking, Cyber Security, and technical support. 

Top CompTia Courses 

The top three CompTia Courses are: 

a) CompTIA Network+: The Course teaches the essentials of networking concepts and infrastructure. It is ideal for those looking to start or advance their career in network support and administration. 

b)  CompTIA A+: The Course covers foundational IT skills across a range of devices and operating systems. It is perfect for beginners seeking an understanding of IT support and troubleshooting. 

c) CompTIA Security+: The Course focuses on essential Cyber Security skills, including threat management and risk mitigation. This is great for professionals aiming to enhance their knowledge in Information Security. 

Benefits of CompTIA Certification 

Listed below are some of the advantages of CompTIA Certification: 

a) Enhanced career opportunities: CompTIA Certifications are widely recognised in the IT industry, opening up numerous job opportunities and career advancements. 

b) Increased earning potential: Certified professionals often command higher salaries due to their proven knowledge and skills in critical IT areas. 

c) Industry recognition: CompTIA Certifications are respected globally, making them valuable credentials for professionals in any region or industry. 

d) Continuous learning and growth: CompTIA offers a variety of Certifications that support lifelong learning and professional development in the rapidly evolving IT field. 

Learn essential skills for troubleshooting and networking with our CompTIA A+ Course – join today!  

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) is a prestigious certification offered by Cisco Systems, a global leader in networking technology. The CCNA Certification provides the knowledge and skills needed to operate, troubleshoot, and maintain Cisco Networking Infrastructure. It serves as a foundation for more advanced networking certifications and career opportunities. 

Top CCNA Certifications 

Some of the top CCNA Certifications are: 

a) CCNA Certification: This Certification covers fundamental networking skills, including routing, switching, and network security. It is a foundational certification for networking professionals aiming to advance their careers. 

b) Cisco Meraki: The Certification focuses on cloud-managed networking solutions, teaching you to deploy and manage Meraki networks. It is ideal for professionals looking to specialise in cloud networking technologies. 

c) GNS3 (Graphical Network Simulator-3): The Certification helps you master network simulation and virtualisation. It is perfect for those seeking practical experience in configuring and troubleshooting complex networks. 

Benefits of CCNA Certification 

Obtaining a CCNA certification offers several key advantages for IT professionals, which include: 

a) Enhanced networking skills: CCNA certification equips you with a solid foundation in networking, including essential skills in routing, switching, and network security. 

b) Worldwide recognition: CCNA is a globally recognised certification that makes you a valuable asset to employers around the world. 

c) Practical knowledge: The Certification provides hands-on experience and practical knowledge, preparing you to handle real-world networking challenges effectively. 

d) Professional credibility: Holding a CCNA Certification showcases your commitment to professional development and expertise in the networking field, boosting your credibility with employers and peers. 

Conclusion 

Obtaining Professional Certifications is essential for career advancement and personal development in today's competitive job market. This blog has highlighted the top 12 Professional Training Courses, which offer unique benefits such as enhanced skills, career growth, higher earning potential, and global recognition. Investing in these Professional Training Courses can significantly boost your career prospects and ensure you stay ahead in your field. 

Learn how to design, install, and support business critical network switches with our CCNA Certification – join today!  

Frequently Asked Questions

The golden triangle in Project Management, also known as the "triple constraint," refers to the balance between scope, time, and cost. Managing these three elements is crucial for the successful completion of a project. 

The biggest problem with Agile is that it can be challenging to scale effectively for larger organisations. Additionally, it requires a high level of team collaboration and adaptability, which can be difficult to achieve consistently. 

The Knowledge Academy takes global learning to new heights, offering over 30,000 online courses across 490+ locations in 220 countries. This expansive reach ensures accessibility and convenience for learners worldwide. 

Alongside our diverse Online Course Catalogue, encompassing 17 major categories, we go the extra mile by providing a plethora of free educational Online Resources like News updates, Blogs , videos, webinars, and interview questions. Tailoring learning experiences further, professionals can maximise value with customisable Course Bundles of TKA .  

The Knowledge Academy’s Knowledge Pass , a prepaid voucher, adds another layer of flexibility, allowing course bookings over a 12-month period. Join us on a journey where education knows no bounds. 

The Knowledge Academy offers various PRINCE2® Training including PRINCE2 Foundation Training, PRINCE2 Agile Foundation Training and PRINCE2 Practitioner Training. These courses cater to different skill levels, providing comprehensive insights into Global Project Management.  

Our Project Management Blogs cover a range of topics related to Project Management offering valuable resources, best practices, and industry insights. Whether you are a beginner or looking to advance your Project Management skills, The Knowledge Academy's diverse courses and informative blogs have got you covered. 

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