write a essay about population growth

Understanding Global Change

Discover why the climate and environment changes, your place in the Earth system, and paths to a resilient future.

Population growth

Population growth is the increase in the number of humans on Earth. For most of human history our population size was relatively stable. But with innovation and industrialization, energy, food , water , and medical care became more available and reliable. Consequently, global human population rapidly increased, and continues to do so, with dramatic impacts on global climate and ecosystems. We will need technological and social innovation to help us support the world’s population as we adapt to and mitigate climate and environmental changes.

World human population growth from 10,000 BC to 2019 AD. Data from: The United Nations

Human population growth impacts the Earth system in a variety of ways, including:

Increasing the extraction of resources from the environment. These resources include fossil fuels (oil, gas, and coal), minerals, trees , water , and wildlife , especially in the oceans. The process of removing resources, in turn, often releases pollutants and waste that reduce air and water quality , and harm the health of humans and other species.
Increasing the burning of fossil fuels for energy to generate electricity, and to power transportation (for example, cars and planes) and industrial processes.
Increase in freshwater use for drinking, agriculture , recreation, and industrial processes. Freshwater is extracted from lakes, rivers, the ground, and man-made reservoirs.
Increasing ecological impacts on environments. Forests and other habitats are disturbed or destroyed to construct urban areas including the construction of homes, businesses, and roads to accommodate growing populations. Additionally, as populations increase, more land is used for agricultural activities to grow crops and support livestock. This, in turn, can decrease species populations , geographic ranges , biodiversity , and alter interactions among organisms.
Increasing fishing and hunting , which reduces species populations of the exploited species. Fishing and hunting can also indirectly increase numbers of species that are not fished or hunted if more resources become available for the species that remain in the ecosystem.
Increasing the transport of invasive species , either intentionally or by accident, as people travel and import and export supplies. Urbanization also creates disturbed environments where invasive species often thrive and outcompete native species. For example, many invasive plant species thrive along strips of land next to roads and highways.
The transmission of diseases . Humans living in densely populated areas can rapidly spread diseases within and among populations. Additionally, because transportation has become easier and more frequent, diseases can spread quickly to new regions.

Can you think of additional cause and effect relationships between human population growth and other parts of the Earth system?

Visit the burning of fossil fuels , agricultural activities , and urbanization pages to learn more about how processes and phenomena related to the size and distribution of human populations affect global climate and ecosystems.

Investigate

Learn more in these real-world examples, and challenge yourself to construct a model that explains the Earth system relationships.

The Ecology of Human Populations: Thomas Malthus
A Pleistocene Puzzle: Extinction in South America

Links to Learn More

United Nations World Population Maps
Scientific American: Does Population Growth Impact Climate Change?

Home — Essay Samples — Sociology — Anthropology — Population Growth

Essays on Population Growth

Choosing a population growth essay topic.

Population growth is a crucial topic that affects every aspect of our lives, from the environment to the economy. As a student, it's essential to choose a compelling and relevant topic for your essay. In this article, we will discuss the importance of the topic, provide advice on choosing a topic, and offer a detailed list of recommended essay topics.

The Importance of Population Growth

Understanding the dynamics of population growth is essential for addressing various global challenges, such as food security, healthcare, urbanization, and climate change. By studying population growth, students can gain insights into the causes and consequences of demographic changes, as well as the policies and strategies needed to manage and mitigate its impact.

Choosing a Topic

When selecting a population growth essay topic, it's crucial to consider your interests, the relevance of the topic, and its potential for research and analysis. You may want to focus on a specific aspect of population growth, such as its impact on the environment, public health, or social inequality. Additionally, consider the availability of data and resources for your chosen topic, as well as its potential for generating new insights and perspectives.

Public Health

The effects of population growth on healthcare systems
Challenges and opportunities for addressing global health disparities
The role of family planning in managing population growth and public health

Economic Development

The relationship between population growth and economic development
The impact of population aging on labor markets and productivity
Strategies for promoting sustainable economic growth in the context of population growth

Social Inequality

The intersection of population growth, migration, and social inequality
The impact of population growth on urbanization and social infrastructure
Challenges and opportunities for addressing demographic disparities in access to education and employment

Policies and Interventions

Evaluating the effectiveness of population policies and interventions
The ethical and social implications of population control measures
The role of technology and innovation in addressing population growth challenges

By choosing a topic from the above list, you can delve into the complexities of population growth and gain a deeper understanding of its impact on the world around us. Whether you are interested in environmental sustainability, public health, economic development, social inequality, or policy analysis, there are numerous opportunities for exploration and research in the field of population growth.

As you embark on your essay writing journey, remember to approach your chosen topic with curiosity, critical thinking, and a commitment to contributing to the discourse on population growth. With thoughtful consideration and thorough research, you can create an engaging and informative essay that sheds light on the complexities and challenges of population growth in the 21st century.

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Essay on Population for Students and Children

500+ words essay on population.

Population refers to the total number of beings living in a particular area. Population helps us get an estimate of the number of beings and how to act accordingly. For instance, if we know the particular population of a city, we can estimate the number of resources it needs. Similarly, we can do the same for animals. If we look at the human population, we see how it is becoming a cause of concern. In particular, the third world countries suffer the most from population explosion. As it is the resources there are limited and the ever-increasing population just makes it worse. On the other hand, there is a problem of low population in many regions.

India population crisis

India faces a major population crisis due to the growing population. If we were to estimate, we can say that almost 17% of the population of the world lives in India alone. India ranks second in the list of most populated countries.

Furthermore, India is also one of the countries with low literacy rates. This factor contributes largely to the population explosion in India. It is usually seen that the illiterate and poor classes have a greater number of children. This happens mainly because they do not have sufficient knowledge about birth control methods . In addition, more people in a family are equals to more helping hands. This means they have better chances of earning.

Moreover, we also see how these classes practice early marriage. This makes it one of the major reasons for a greater population. People marry off their young daughters to men way older than them for money or to get free from their responsibility. The young girl bears children from an early age and continues to do so for a long time.

As India is facing a shortage of resources, the population crisis just adds on to the problem. It makes it quite hard for every citizen to get an equal share of resources. This makes the poor poorer and the rich richer.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Impact of Population Explosion

Subsequently, pollution levels are on the rise because of the population explosion. As more and more humans are purchasing automobiles, our air is getting polluted. Moreover, the increased need calls for faster rates of industrialization. These industries pollute our water and lands, harming and degrading our quality of life.

In addition, our climate is also facing drastic changes because of human activities. Climate change is real and it is happening. It is impacting our lives very harmfully and must be monitored now. Global warming which occurs mostly due to activities by humans is one of the factors for climate change.

Humans are still able to withstand the climate and adapt accordingly, but animals cannot. This is why wildlife is getting extinct as well.

In other words, man always thinks about his well-being and becomes selfish. He overlooks the impact he is creating on the surroundings. If the population rates continue to rise at this rate, then we won’t be able to survive for long. As with this population growth comes harmful consequences. Therefore, we must take measures to control the population.

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Population Essay

Introduction to Population

Population is a very interesting topic to learn. There is no denying the fact that the population of any country is a very strong indicator of how exactly the country will function in the future and what its capabilities are as a nation. Leaders of the world pay a lot of attention to their country’s population for the same reason. The population and the skills that they possess are perhaps some of the most essential assets for any country. The following article is an essay on the topic of population and has been structured in a way that students of all ages can learn and understand the key points that they need to mention whenever they are writing an essay like this.

Brief on Population

When we talk about a country’s population, we are talking about a lot of things. We are talking about its future workforce, the people that will build the country as a place to live and grow in, we definitely are talking about the future of the entire country. Taking India’s example, when we talk about the population of the country, we are talking about the future of the dream that our freedom fighters dreamt for us as a nation. Together, the entire population of a country has the potential to change the entire landscape of the kinds of work, and jobs that they do.

The population of a country is responsible for the economical changes and growth in the country and hence is very important. It is also very important to take care of this population. The population needs the right kind of food, healthy environment to grow in and a great and comfortable lifestyle right from the start. Is that something that is possible for everyone? We all know the answer to this. In a country like India, where income disparities are massive, there is no chance for every single section of the population to have a good lifestyle right from the start that can help them grow as individuals.

The same applies for other countries as well. Every country has an income disparity among the people that live in it and this is what makes the topic of population so interesting. We already know that it is the biggest asset that any country can have, but every country must plan and strategize well to take care of this population so that every single need is being fulfilled. This not only helps the country flourish as a whole, but also increases its chances of becoming successful in the future.

Population Explosion

The current population of India is around 140 crores. According to certain reports, in the next few years, there will be a solid growth of population in India, and globally too.

The population is the total number of human beings living in a city or the country. It allows knowing how much resources are required by this population to fulfil and other plans needed. Year by year, there has been an explosion of population, which is making it difficult to provide resources to every person living in the country. Low literacy, early marriage and demand for family growth are some of the reasons behind the explosion of the population. India is the primary ground of population explosion. It covers 17% of the population of the world and is the most populated country.

Reasons Behind the Growth of the Population

There are many reasons for the growth of the population. The low literacy rate is one of the reasons behind this explosion. For example, in India, the literacy rate is relatively low in many states. Many people living in the village fail to complete education and have less knowledge about birth control. They keep on expanding their family.

Moreover, they do not carry much knowledge about birth control techniques or medication. This lack of understanding further leads to a population explosion.

Another primary reason behind the growth of population is child marriage. The custom of child marriage is still followed in many parts of the country. Parents marry off their daughter at an early age, and at a young age, these girls get pregnant. This process continues for a long time.

One of the reasons behind this growth is there are not strict laws in India, unlike other countries. This also makes it hard for citizens to get an equal share of resources.

Impact of Population Explosion

Population explosion causes harm, not only to citizens of the country, but also nature. Increase in population means the need for more space to live, resulting in deforestation. Many cities have lost the green zone to fill it with urban living. Deforestation is leading to the extinction of species and other resources. Animals are losing their homes, which makes them encroach on cities taking the lives of people.

Subsequently, an increase in population is also leading to population. More and more people are buying vehicles for their convenience, which is resulting in pollution. Massive traffic, congestion on roads and other negative scenes are witnessed in cities.

Population increase also calls for industrialization, which invites pollution in all areas. A country like India is now witnessing a massive problem of pollution and global warming.

Irregular distribution of food to all populations is another significant impact. Many families in rural areas do not get proper food to eat. Many poor kids go to sleep without eating food. This irregular distribution of food is not the scenario only in India, but other developing countries.

How to Control the Population?

One of the ways to control the population is to educate people about its ill effects on the country's resources. Government, along with NGOs, need to visit every rural area of the country to inform people about population control.

Providing birth control kits, education to kids and monetary benefits to families successful in restricting birth can do the needful.

We, humans, often forget how we are going to suffer if the population keeps exploding. If the number keeps rising, then it will be difficult to survive. Citizens need to understand the negative impact of the population explosion. Taking the right measures and keeping the resources in mind will help to control the population.

FAQs on Population Essay

1. How can the population affect climate change?

A growing population can have a significant impact on climate change. The buildup of human-generated greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is one of the effects of increasing human population. According to one study, there is a deep relationship between population growth and global warming. One child can produce 20 times more greenhouse. Similarly, a child born in the US will add up to 9441 carbon dioxide. This is certainly the most chilling effect of increasing population.

Global warming is the most common fear for today and the coming generation. To stop its growth, controlling the population is essential.

2. How population growth affects the environment?

There is a direct impact of population on the environment. More the population, the more resources are needed. There is a requirement that more space means more deforestation. Population growth also leads to an increase in greenhouse gases, which can affect this planet earth.

Rising sea levels in the coastal region are seen, which eventually leads to flooding. Like these, there are many impacts on the environment due to population growth. In many cities in developing countries, there is a shortage of space. People are not able to find space to live. Moreover, they find it hard to get clean water and are exposed to air pollution and other environmental issues.

3. Will the population increase post-lockdown?

According to the UN report, India will witness a baby boom post-lockdown. The report said, "The pandemic could strain health care capacities for mothers and newborns.” There is an estimate of 116 million babies to be born post-lockdown. The case is not just about India, but China (13.5 million births), Nigeria (6.4 million) and Indonesia (4 million). Post-lockdown, it could be a testing time for developing countries on how the population will affect resources.

4. What are some things that shall be considered while writing an essay on the topic of “Population”?

Whenever you are writing an essay on this topic, make sure that you are highlighting points like how population grows, the impact of this growth, ways to control population and the reasons why population of a country is so important. Once this is done and when you have an idea of what you need to be writing about, start building upon these points. By simply doing this, you will be able to write a brilliant essay.

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Essay On Population

Nowadays, population is a major topic of concern for everyone as the population of the world has increased to 8 billion. A population is the total number of people living in a particular area. This count helps the government allocate adequate resources to each area. Here are some sample essays on the topic ' Population' .

100 Words Essay On Population

Population refers to the total number of people living in a specific area or country. The global population has been increasing rapidly in recent decades and is projected to reach around 9 billion by 2050 . The population growth rate varies by country and region, with some areas experiencing higher rates of growth than others. Population growth can have a significant impact on resources, environment and economy of a country. It also poses challenges such as food and water shortages, housing and infrastructure problems and overburdening of healthcare and education systems. It's important for governments to implement policies to address these issues and ensure sustainable development.

200 Words Essay On Population

The global population has been increasing rapidly in recent decades. According to the United Nations, the world population reached 7.9 billion in 2020 and is projected to reach around 9.7 billion by 2050. This population growth rate varies by country and region, with some areas experiencing higher rates of growth than others. Developing countries tend to have higher population growth rates compared to developed countries.

Impact on Resources

The increasing population has a significant impact on resources. As the population grows, the demand for food, water, and energy increases. This can lead to issues such as food and water shortages, as well as strain on energy resources. Additionally, the increasing population also puts pressure on natural resources, such as forests and land, leading to issues such as deforestation and land degradation.

Impact on Environment

The increasing population also has a significant impact on the environment. As the population grows, so does the amount of waste and pollution produced. This can lead to issues such as air and water pollution, as well as strain on natural systems such as oceans and rivers. Additionally, the increasing population also puts pressure on biodiversity, leading to loss of species and ecosystems.

Impact on Economy

The increasing population also has an impact on the economy. As the population grows, so does the demand for housing, infrastructure, and services such as healthcare and education. This can lead to issues such as housing and infrastructure problems, as well as strain on healthcare and education systems. Additionally, the increasing population can also put pressure on employment and job markets.

500 Words Essay On Population

Population growth: a global phenomenon.

India's Overpopulation

India, with a population of over 1.3 billion , is facing the consequences of overpopulation. The rapid population growth has put a strain on resources, resulting in issues such as food and water shortages, as well as strain on energy resources. The water crisis in India, where over half of the population is facing high to extreme water stress, is a prime example of how overpopulation can affect the availability of resources. Additionally, the increasing population also puts pressure on infrastructure, leading to issues such as housing and transportation.

China's One-Child Policy

China, with a population of over 1.4 billion, has implemented a one-child policy to control its population growth. The policy, which was in effect from 1979 to 2015, aimed to slow down the population growth and improve the standard of living. While the policy did lead to a decrease in population growth, it also had negative consequences such as a gender imbalance and an aging population.

Singapore's Aging Population

Singapore, with a population of around 5.7 million, has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. The low fertility rate, coupled with an increasing life expectancy, has led to an aging population. This has put a strain on the country's healthcare and pension systems, as well as the workforce. The government has implemented various measures, such as incentives for couples to have more children and encouraging immigration, to address the issue of an aging population.

Population growth is a global phenomenon that affects not only the resources and environment, but also the economy and society as a whole. It's important for governments to implement policies to address the challenges posed by population growth and ensure sustainable development. This can include investing in infrastructure, implementing measures to reduce pollution and waste, and encouraging family planning and education programs. Additionally, it's important to find sustainable solutions to the challenges posed by population growth in order to ensure a future where everyone has access to the resources they need to live a healthy and fulfilling life.

What Can We Do

As students, there are several ways to educate society about population:

Raise awareness through class projects and presentations: Students can create class projects and presentations that educate their peers and teachers about the issue of population growth. They can present the information in an interactive and engaging way, using real-life examples, statistics, and videos.

Participate in population-related events: Students can participate in population-related events such as seminars, workshops, and conferences. This will give them the opportunity to learn more about the issue and to share their knowledge with others.

Use social media to spread awareness: Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter are powerful tools that students can use to raise awareness about population growth. They can create posts and share infographics that educate their peers and the general public about the issue.

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The Growth of World Population: Analysis of the Problems and Recommendations for Research and Training (1963)

Chapter: world population problems, world population problems, the growth of world population.

The population of the world, now somewhat in excess of three billion persons, is growing at about two per cent a year, or faster than at any other period in man’s history. While there has been a steady increase of population growth during the past two or three centuries, it has been especially rapid during the past 20 years. To appreciate the pace of population growth we should recall that world population doubled in about 1,700 years from the time of Christ until the middle of the 17th century; it doubled again in about 200 years, doubled again in less than 100, and, if the current rate of population increase were to remain constant, would double every 35 years. Moreover, this rate is still increasing.

To be sure, the rate of increase cannot continue to grow much further. Even if the death rate were to fall to zero, at the present level of human reproduction the growth rate would not be much in excess of three and one-half per cent per year, and the time required for world population to double would not fall much below 20 years.

Although the current two per cent a year does not sound like an extraordinary rate of increase, a few simple calculations demonstrate that such a rate of increase in human population could not possibly continue for more than a few hundred years. Had this rate existed from the time of Christ to now, the world population would have increased in this period by a factor of about 7×10 16 ; in other words, there would be about 20 million individuals in place of each

person now alive, or 100 people to each square foot. If the present world population should continue to increase at its present rate of two per cent per year, then, within two centuries, there will be more than 150 billion people. Calculations of this sort demonstrate without question not only that the current continued increase in the rate of population growth must cease but also that this rate must decline again. There can be no doubt concerning this long-term prognosis: Either the birth rate of the world must come down or the death rate must go back up.

POPULATION GROWTH IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD

The rates of population growth are not the same, of course, in all parts of the world. Among the industrialized countries, Japan and most of the countries of Europe are now growing relatively slowly—doubling their populations in 50 to 100 years. Another group of industrialized countries—the United States, the Soviet Union, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Argentina—are doubling their populations in 30 to 40 years, approximately the world average. The pre-industrial, low-income, and less-developed areas of the world, with two thirds of the world’s population—including Asia (except Japan and the Asiatic part of the Soviet Union), the southwestern Pacific islands (principally the Philippines and Indonesia), Africa (with the exception of European minorities), the Caribbean Islands, and Latin America (with the exception of Argentina and Uruguay)—are growing at rates ranging from moderate to very fast. Annual growth rates in all these areas range from one and one-half to three and one-half per cent, doubling in 20 to 40 years.

The rates of population growth of the various countries of the world are, with few exceptions, simply the differences between their birth rates and death rates. International migration is a negligible factor in rates of growth today. Thus, one can understand the varying rates of population growth of different parts of the world by understanding what underlies their respective birth and death rates.

THE REDUCTION OF FERTILITY AND MORTALITY IN WESTERN EUROPE SINCE 1800

A brief, over-simplified history of the course of birth and death rates in western Europe since about 1800 not only provides a frame of reference for understanding the current birth and death rates in Europe, but also casts some light on the present situation and prospects in other parts of the world. A simplified picture of the population history of a typical western European country is shown in

Figure 1 . Schematic presentation of birth and death rates in western Europe after 1800. (The time span varies roughly from 75 to 150 years.)

Figure 1 . The jagged interval in the early death rate and the recent birth rate is intended to indicate that all the rates are subject to substantial annual variation. The birth rate in 1800 was about 35 per 1,000 population and the average number of children ever born to women reaching age 45 was about five. The death rate in 1800 averaged 25 to 30 per 1,000 population although, as indicated, it was subject to variation because of episodic plagues, epidemics, and crop failures. The average expectation of life at birth was 35 years or less. The current birth rate in western European countries is 14 to 20 per 1,000 population with an average of two to three children born to a woman by the end of childbearing. The death rate is 7 to 11 per 1,000 population per year, and the expectation of life at birth is about 70 years. The death rate declined, starting in the late 18th or early 19th century, partly because of better transport and communication, wider markets, and greater productivity, but more directly because of the development of sanitation and, later, modern medicine. These developments, part of the changes in the whole complex of modern civilization, involved scientific and technological advances in many areas, specifically in public health, medicine, agriculture, and industry. The immediate cause of the decline in the birth rate was the increased deliberate control of fertility within marriage. The only important exception to this statement relates to Ireland, where the decline in the birth rate was brought about by an increase of several years in the age at marriage combined with an increase of 10 to 15 per cent in the proportion of people remaining single. The average age at marriage rose to 28 and more than a fourth of Irish women remained unmarried at age 45. In other countries, however, such social changes have had either insignificant or favorable effects on the birth rate. In these countries—England, Wales, Scotland, Scandinavia, the Low Countries, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and France—the birth rate went down because of the practice of contraception among married couples. It is certain that there was no decline in the reproductive capacity; in fact, with improved health, the contrary is likely.

Only a minor fraction of the decline in western European fertility can be ascribed to the invention of modern techniques of contraception. In the first place, very substantial declines in some European countries antedated the invention and mass manufacture of contraceptive devices. Second, we know from surveys that as recently as just

before World War II more than half of the couples in Great Britain practicing birth control were practicing withdrawal, or coitus interruptus. There is similar direct evidence for other European countries.

In this instance, the decline in fertility was not the result of technical innovations in contraception, but of the decision of married couples to resort to folk methods known for centuries. Thus we must explain the decline in the western European birth rates in terms of why people were willing to modify their sexual behavior in order to have fewer children. Such changes in attitude were doubtless a part of a whole set of profound social and economic changes that accompanied the industrialization and modernization of western Europe. Among the factors underlying this particular change in attitude was a change in the economic consequences of childbearing. In a pre-industrial, agrarian society children start helping with chores at an early age; they do not remain in a dependent status during a long period of education. They provide the principal form of support for the parents in their old age, and, with high mortality, many children must be born to ensure that some will survive to take care of their parents. On the other hand, in an urban, industrialized society, children are less of an economic asset and more of an economic burden.

Among the social factors that might account for the change in attitude is the decline in the importance of the family as an economic unit that has accompanied the industrialization and modernization of Europe. In an industrialized economy, the family is no longer the unit of production and individuals come to be judged by what they do rather than who they are. Children leave home to seek jobs and parents no longer count on support by their children in their old age. As this kind of modernization continues, public education, which is essential to the production of a literate labor force, is extended to women, and thus the traditional subordinate role of women is modified. Since the burden of child care falls primarily on women, their rise in status is probably an important element in the development of an attitude favoring the deliberate limitation of family size. Finally, the social and economic changes characteristic of industrialization and modernization of a country are accompanied by and reinforce a rise of secularism, pragmatism, and rationalism in place of custom and tradition. Since modernization of a nation involves extension of deliberate human control over an increasing range of the environment,

it is not surprising that people living in an economy undergoing industrialization should extend the notion of deliberate and rational control to the question of whether or not birth should result from their sexual activities.

As the simplified representation in Figure 1 indicates, the birth rate in western Europe usually began its descent after the death rate had already fallen substantially. (France is a partial exception. The decline in French births began late in the 18th century and the downward courses of the birth and death rates during the 19th century were more or less parallel.) In general, the death rate appears to be affected more immediately and automatically by industrialization. One may surmise that the birth rate responds more slowly because its reduction requires changes in more deeply seated customs. There is in most societies a consensus in favor of improving health and reducing the incidence of premature death. There is no such consensus for changes in attitudes and behavior needed to reduce the birth rate.

DECLINING FERTILITY AND MORTALITY IN OTHER INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS

The pattern of declining mortality and fertility that we have described for western Europe fits not only the western European countries upon which it is based but also, with suitable adjustment in the initial birth and death rates and in the time scale, eastern and southern Europe (with the exception of Albania), the Soviet Union, Japan, the United States, Australia, Canada, Argentina, and New Zealand. In short, every country that has changed from a predominantly rural agrarian society to a predominantly industrial urban society and has extended public education to near-universality, at least at the primary school level, has had a major reduction in birth and death rates of the sort depicted in Figure 1 .

The jagged line describing the variable current birth rate represents in some instances—notably the United States—a major recovery in the birth rate from its low point. It must be remembered, however, that this recovery has not been caused by a reversion to uncontrolled family size. In the United States, for example, one can scarcely imagine that married couples have forgotten how to employ the contraceptive

techniques that reduced the birth rates to a level of mere replacement just before World War II. We know, in fact, that more couples are skilled in the use of contraception today than ever before. (Nevertheless, effective methods of controlling family size are still unknown and unused by many couples even in the United States.) The recent increase in the birth rate has been the result largely of earlier and more nearly universal marriage, the virtual disappearance of childless and one-child families, and a voluntary choice of two, three, or four children by a vast majority of American couples. There has been no general return to the very large family of pre-industrial times, although some segments of our society still produce many unwanted children.

POPULATION TRENDS IN LESS-DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

We turn now to a comparison of the present situation in the less-developed areas with the demographic circumstances in western Europe prior to the industrial revolution. Figure 2 presents the trends of birth and death rates in the less-developed areas in a rough schematic way similar to that employed in Figure 1 . There are several important differences between the circumstances in today’s less-developed areas and those in pre-industrial Europe. Note first that the birth rate in the less-developed areas is higher than it was in pre-industrial western Europe. This difference results from the fact that in many less-developed countries almost all women at age 35 have married, and at an average age substantially less than in 18th-century Europe. Second, many of the less-developed areas of the world today are much more densely populated than was western Europe at the beginning of the industrial revolution. Moreover, there are few remaining areas comparable to North and South America into which a growing population could move and which could provide rapidly expanding markets. Finally, and most significantly, the death rate in the less-developed areas is dropping very rapidly—a decline that looks almost vertical compared to the gradual decline in western Europe—and without regard to economic change.

The precipitous decline in the death rate that is occurring in the low-income countries of the world is a consequence of the development and application of low-cost public health techniques. Unlike

Figure 2 . Schematic presentation of birth and death rates in less-developed countries, mid-20th century. (The steep drop in the death rate from approximately 35 per thousand began at times varying roughly between 1940 and 1960 from country to country.)

the countries of western Europe, the less-developed areas have not had to wait for the slow gradual development of medical science, nor have they had to await the possibly more rapid but still difficult process of constructing major sanitary engineering works and the build-up of a large inventory of expensive hospitals, public health

services, and highly trained doctors. Instead, the less-developed areas have been able to import low-cost measures of controlling disease, measures developed for the most part in the highly industrialized countries. The use of residual insecticides to provide effective protection against malaria at a cost of no more than 25 cents per capita per annum is an outstanding example. Other innovations include antibiotics and chemotherapy, and low-cost ways of providing safe water supplies and adequate environmental sanitation in villages that in most other ways remain relatively untouched by modernization. The death rate in Ceylon was cut in half in less than a decade, and declines approaching this in rapidity are almost commonplace.

The result of a precipitous decline in mortality while the birth rate remains essentially unchanged is, of course, a very rapid acceleration in population growth, reaching rates of three to three and one-half per cent. Mexico’s population, for example, has grown in recent years at a rate of approximately three and one-half per cent a year. This extreme rate is undoubtedly due to temporary factors and would stabilize at not more than three per cent. But even at three per cent per year, two centuries would see the population of Mexico grow to about 13.5 billion people. Two centuries is a long time, however. Might we not expect that long before 200 years had passed the population of Mexico would have responded to modernization, as did the populations of western Europe, by reducing the birth rate? A positive answer might suggest that organized educational efforts to reduce the birth rate are not necessary. But there is a more immediate problem demanding solution in much less than two centuries: Is the current demographic situation in the less-developed countries impeding the process of modernization itself? If so, a course of action that would directly accelerate the decline in fertility becomes an important part of the whole development effort which is directed toward improving the quality of each individual’s life.

POPULATION TRENDS AND THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF PRE-INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES

The combination of high birth rates and low or rapidly declining death rates now found in the less-developed countries implies two different characteristics of the population that have important impli-

cations for the pace of their economic development. One important characteristic is rapid growth, which is the immediate consequence of the large and often growing difference between birth and death rates; the other is the heavy burden of child dependency which results from a high birth rate whether death rates are high or low. A reduced death rate has only a slight effect on the proportion of children in the population, and this effect is in a rather surprising direction. The kinds of mortality reduction that have actually occurred in the world have the effect, if fertility remains unchanged, of reducing rather than increasing the average age of the population.

Mortality reduction produces this effect because the largest increases occur in the survival of infants, and, although the reduction in mortality increases the number of old persons, it increases the number of children even more. The result is that the high fertility found in low-income countries produces a proportion of children under fifteen of 40 to 45 per cent of the total population, compared to 25 per cent or less in most of the industrialized countries.

What do these characteristics of rapid growth and very large proportions of children imply about the capacity to achieve rapid industrialization? It must be noted that it is probably technically possible in every less-developed area to increase national output at rates even more rapid than the very rapid rates of population increase we have discussed, at least for a few years. The reason at least slight increases in per capita income appear feasible is that the low-income countries can import industrial and agricultural technology as well as medical technology. Briefly, the realistic question in the short run does not seem to be whether some increases in per capita income are possible while the population grows rapidly, but rather whether rapid population growth is a major deterrent to a rapid and continuing increase in per capita income.

A specific example will clarify this point. If the birth rate in India is not reduced, its population will probably double in the next 25 or 30 years, increasing from about 450 million to about 900 million. Agricultural experts consider it feasible within achievable limits of capital investment to accomplish a doubling of Indian agricultural output within the next 20 to 25 years. In the same period the output of the non-agricultural part of the Indian economy probably would be slightly more than doubled if the birth rate remained unchanged.

For a generation at least, then, India’s economic output probably can stay ahead of its maximum rate of population increase. This bare excess over the increase in population, however, is scarcely a satisfactory outcome of India’s struggle to achieve economic betterment. The real question is: Could India and the other less-developed areas of the world do substantially better if their birth rates and thus their population growth rates were reduced? Economic analysis clearly indicates that the answer is yes. Any growth of population adds to the rate of increase of national output that must be achieved in order to increase per capita output by any given amount.

To double per capita output in 30 years requires an annual increase in per capita output of 2.3 per cent; if population growth is three per cent a year, then the annual increase in national output must be raised to 5.3 per cent to achieve the desired level of economic growth. In either instance an economy, to grow, must divert effort and resources from producing for current consumption to the enhancement of future productivity. In other words, to grow faster an economy must raise its level of net investment. Net investment is investment in factories, roads, irrigation networks, and fertilizer plants, and also in education and training. The low-income countries find it difficult to mobilize resources for these purposes for three reasons: The pressure to use all available resources for current consumption is great; rapid population growth adds very substantially to the investment targets that must be met to achieve any given rate of increase in material well-being; and the very high proportions of children that result from high fertility demand that a larger portion of national output must be used to support a very large number of non-earning dependents. These dependents create pressure to produce for immediate consumption only. In individual terms, the family with a large number of children finds it more difficult to save, and a government that tries to finance development expenditures out of taxes can expect less support from a population with many children. Moreover, rapid population growth and a heavy burden of child dependency divert investment funds to less productive uses—that is, less productive in the long run. To achieve a given level of literacy in a population much more must be spent on schools. In an expanding population of large families, construction effort must go into housing rather than into factories or power plants.

Thus the combination of continued high fertility and greatly reduced mortality in the less-developed countries raises the levels of investment required while impairing the capacity of the economy to achieve high levels of investment. Economists have estimated that a gradual reduction in the rate of childbearing, totaling 50 per cent in 30 years, would add about 40 per cent to the income per consumer that could be achieved by the end of that time.

To recapitulate, a short-term increase in per capita income may be possible in most less-developed areas, even if the fertility rate is not reduced. Nevertheless, even in the short run, progress will be much faster and more certain if the birth rate falls. In the longer run, economic progress will eventually be stopped and reversed unless the birth rate declines or the death rate increases. Economic progress will be slower and more doubtful if less-developed areas wait for the supposedly inevitable impact of modernization on the birth rate. They run the risk that rapid population growth and adverse age distribution would themselves prevent the achievement of the very modernization they count on to bring the birth rate down.

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Essay on Population Growth in English for Children and Students

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Essay on Population Growth: Population growth today has become a serious matter of concern for the world. The world population has been consistently increasing at an alarming rate and is estimated to be around 7.7 billion in 2019. Uncontrolled population growth leads to rapid urbanization and depletion of resources. Natural resources that are pretty scarce in some parts of the world become scarcer due to increased consumption. Apart from depleting resources, a population increase means more buildings and factories come up and more tress fell and forests destroyed. It also puts an strain on the availability of basic amenities like health, education and welfare.

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Long and Short Essay on Population Growth in English

We have provided below short and long essay on population growth in English for your information and knowledge.

The essays have been written in simple yet effective English so that you can easily grasp the information and present it whenever needed.

After going through these population growth essay you will know what the effects of population growth on natural resources, what is the trend of population growth in different countries; advantages and disadvantages of population growth etc.

The information given in the essays can be used in school/college during speech giving, essay writing and other competitions.

Short Essay on Population Growth – Essay 1 (200 Words)

In today’s time the population has become one of the leading problems of world. It requires a quick and serious attention from all of us. The worst situation due to growing population now can be seen in many countries where people are struggling with shortage of food, shelter, pure water and also have to breathe polluted air.

Increased Population Affects the Natural Resources

This crisis is growing day by day and affecting completely our natural resources as more people results in more consumption of water, food, land, tree and also the fossil fuels badly impacting the environment in many ways. In current time, over population has become a curse to the existence of natural beauty. People are suffering from various diseases due to polluted air in environment.

Population may cause unemployment and also effects the economical development of any country. Due to consistently increasing level of population, poverty is also growing in many countries. People are bounded to live under limited resources and supplements. In many countries including India, population has crossed all its limits and as result we find high illiteracy level, poor health services and lack of resources in the rural areas.

Essay on Population Growth and Its Effects – Essay 2 (300 Words)

Introduction

Population of the World is increasing day by day and it is becoming a huge concern for the world. As per latest data, population is already crossed 7.6 billion in the world. Increase in population affects the economic, environmental and social development of the world.

Different Country with Different Population

Population growth is not uniform in all the countries of the World. Some Countries have high growth while some are having moderate or a very low increase in their population. It creates lot of challenges as countries with high growth are suffering with poverty, more expenses, unemployment, lack of fresh water, food, education, depletion of resources etc as a consequence of population explosion, while countries with low population growth have lack of manpower, an increased old to young ratio , hampering the Country’s growth.

Effects of Population Growth

Let’s see how population affects a country in various ways:

Population increase results in more consumption of natural resources.
Increased demand for everything while the production of the necessary items doesn’t keep up as population growth.
Increase in unemployment, sometimes resulting in the youth’s misguidance towards other illegitimate methods of earning.
Government has to spend more on basic necessities such as education, healthcare, infrastructure, irrigation, water etc while the revenue are not increasing as per population growth, so demand and supply difference is consistently increasing, resulting an increase in prices of items.
Unemployment reduces the capacity of expenditure and families spent its saving on basic need and can’t afford the good education for their children. This results in low qualification and low chance of employment for children when they reach their working age. It affects the growth in economy and industrial expansion.

Population growth rate is needed to be controlled to save the World especially in those countries with faster growth rate. It will balance the system as manpower is required for the growth of country.

Essay on Population Growth is Good for a Country – Essay 3 (400 Words)

Though over population is a worldwide problem but still in some countries population is below the required rate which is also a serious issue as in those countries less people means less manpower to support and work for the development of that country. Over Population is definitely harmful for any country in many ways but it has some positive side too. Increased population leads to increase in manpower for a country where more people are easily found helping in the development of different sectors.

How Population Growth is Good for a Country?

Controlled population growth is also required for growth of the economy of any country. Let’s see how:

If population of a country is constant or is not increasing, it will create more old age people than the young people. That country will not have enough manpower to do the job. Japan is the best example as there government is motivating to increase the birth rate in an attempt to minimize the age gap. Second best example can be taken of China as 25 years ago here government implemented the rule of one child in a family. After few years when the growth rate of China started reducing and was having less young manpower, then recently they lifted this ban and allowed parents to have two children instead of one.

Population increase will create more manpower and more consumption of items required for basic / luxurious. More consumption means more industry growth to cater that consumption. More industry requires more manpower. Money circulation will improve and cost of living of the country will improve. People in the country will earn money and will educate their kids so that they can do work for the growth of country. Basically it all depends on the controlled growth of population. If population growth is higher than required, it will create problem of unemployment, poverty etc.

Over Population is always has negative impact on a country’s growth but controlled pollution growth is also required for a country to achieve success in many ways. Whether resources may be limited for over populated countries but extra manpower is definitely required for generating extra resources and making new inventions.

Essay on Population Growth in India – Essay 4 (500 Words)

Population is the count of the number of persons living in a particular region. It has reached an alarming rate in some countries. Over population can be due to many causes like illiteracy, improper knowledge of family planning, migration from different places.

India is the Second Highest Populated Country in World

According to survey this whole World is inhabited by around 7.6 billion humans among which a major part 17% of the total population of world is residing in India i.e. more than 125 crore people. Adding to this around 21% Indians are below poverty level as a result of uncontrolled population growth. This may lead to disastrous effects in future and thus it is required to control it in order to live a safe and healthy life.

According to Census of 2011, India’s population has crossed 121 crore and it is at second position after the China in the world. Presently this figure may have crossed 130 crore and in near future, it will surpass that of China China. India is facing a big challenge as population growth. It is adversely affecting India’s economical condition and also responsible for poverty and low living standard of people.

Government has to spend more to provide the basic things at the subsidized rate to cater to the massive population of below poverty line (BPL) consumers. As Government is providing subsidy on basic items, it is left with a minimal amount to be used in, developmental projects aiding to the growth in economy. Government has the fewer amounts to spend on social services such as education, hospital, housing, infrastructure etc which are essentially required for a progressive country. Therefore, a planned growth of our economy needs some effective check on population explosion.

Illiteracy is the Major Cause of over-Population

Illiteracy is the main cause in India for the population growth. People living below poverty line (BPL) are not aware of the consequence of this population growth owe to their illiteracy. People think that more children mean they will earn more money for the family without realizing its impact. Sometimes parents desire boy as they think that he will popular his name and family name. Sometimes they give birth to 3-4 girl children in the desire of single boy.

How Overpopulation causes Unemployment

Overpopulation is the main cause for the unemployment in India. We can see that for any examination or vacancy, millions applications are received. It increases the competition and sometimes people use the bribe to get the job. It also increases the corruption in the system which is India’s growing concern.

Role of Government for Controlling Population in India

Government has taken various initiatives to educate the people about the benefits of family planning. Some major steps are noted here:

Government has amended the law and fixed the minimum age for marriage of boy and girl.
Government is creating awareness among people about the importance of family planning, equality of boys and girls, by various advertisements on TV, posters in village etc.
Government is promoting the education of child by taking minimum fees, providing free mid-day meal, free uniform, books etc.

To make a country developed and powerful every citizen of that country need to take step on his own end apart from blaming on others. Over population may be the biggest cause for the destruction of a nation. We must find out effective solutions to the problem in order to achieve success as a Nation.

Long Essay on Causes, Effects, Solutions of Population Growth – Essay 5 (600 Words)

At present situation the problem of overpopulation comes under the category of global crisis which is growing day by day and with each passing second. This essay is specially written for understanding the issues its causes, its affects and most importantly the solution.

Over Population: Causes, Effects and Solutions

Over population means an increase in the number of people in an area than the number, the resources of that particular area can sustain. Many causes are behind this problem some are:

Causes of Population Growth

Growth rate of population is higher in developing countries. Reason for this increase is mainly due to lack of knowledge of family planning. Mostly people who are contributing for population growth are illiterate and living below of poverty line. They are also getting their child marrying at an early age without understanding its implication.
Mostly people come from the rural areas to urban areas/city for the job opportunities or employment and improvement in life style. It creates imbalance in city and shortage of resources.
Improvement in medical technology/treatment reduces the mortality rate for many serious diseases. A lot of chronic diseases or deadly viruses such as measles, small pox are being treated with the improvement in medical services.
With the improvement in medical science, it has become possible for couple who are unable to conceive, to undergo fertility treatment methods and have their own babies. Moreover, due to awareness, people go to the hospital for routine checkups and delivery, which are safer for the mother and baby.
As population increases, consumption of basic need such as food and water will also increase. However Earth can produce a limited amount of water and food, which is lesser in comparison to consumption, leading to an increase in prices.
Forests are depleting to cater the growth of urbanization that is affecting animals in the forest, causing pollution and imbalance in ecology. Natural resources are depleting very fast due to overuse of coal, oil and natural gas etc. It is creating serious effects on our environment.
With the increase in population, number of vehicles and industries has increased significantly; badly affecting the quality of air. Rise in amount of release of greenhouse gases causing global warming, which causes melting of ice from iceberg and glaciers. Changing climate patterns, rise in sea level are few of the consequences that we might have to face due to environmental pollution.
Overpopulation has increased the acts of violence and aggression as people are competing with each other for getting resources and achieving good lifestyle.

Solutions to Protect Population Growth

Developed countries are not facing problem of overpopulation as people in develop countries are educated and they are aware of consequences of having more kids. While in developing countries, people are not well educated and have no proper idea about family planning. If the education improves then they will understand disadvantage of having more than one or two children.
In slum areas government has continuously provided some awareness programs to make understand families about the hard life they will have to face with four or five or more children. They also guide them about family planning and efficient birth control.
Government should impose some restrictions/hard method to control the number of children per couple. Government should also provide some incentives or tax exemption to curb overpopulation.

To live a better life every family need to have proper family planning in manner to provide their kids complete nutritious food, proper shelter, best education and other important resources. A country can only get success when its citizens are healthy and live a happy and content life. Thus controlled population is the key to the success for every Country in the World.

Related Information:

Essay on Population
Essay on Family Planning in India
Essay on World Population Day
Speech on World Population Day
Paragraph on Population
Essay on Overpopulation in World

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World Population Growth

How it works

The human population in the world has been growing a an extremely fast rate, but with a growing rate of population, comes with it a potentially fatal problem: overpopulation. Overpopulation is when the environment, or in this case Earth, can no longer support a species due to it not having a sufficient amount of resources to handle the population. While overpopulation is always ultimately going to be a problem, the real issue is when overpopulation is really starting. There are many people who believe that we are quickly approaching the problems that will arise with overpopulation, but there are many others who believe that overpopulation is not an issue that we will have to deal with for a while.

To better understand this controversial topic, I analyzed a variety of sources from everyday media, popular science, and peer-reviewed scientific journals and then compared them to ultimately form my own opinion on the issue.

The easiest of the three sources to read, as well as the one most people will look at, was the everyday media articles. When reading them, it was pretty clear that these were written to be read by everyday people to understand instead of people who have spent years studying it. There were rarely any charts or graphs, and they tend to hyperbolize their counterarguments. While each source did sight different points to support their issue, it usually wasn’t fully explored. The argument for why overpopulation is not a problem is simply because there is still plenty of resources left. While people may claim Food: There isn’t enough!(Morse, 2017), the world currently produces enough food to feed 10 billion people (Morse, 2017). While hunger is still a problem in the world, it is not due to the number of people, and instead is due to catastrophic political failures like famines(Morse, 2017). Furthermore, nations like the United States could acquire large gains in agricultural production by tweaking foreign land use rules(Stone, 2018). With more people in the world, there will also be more human ingenuity which will allow more scientific breakthroughs in agriculture as well as all other sciences(Morse, 2017). Even meat, which will require more energy to sustain, will take a while before running out, and even then there are many grains and such which will be accessible(Morse, 2017).

Water, another vital resource, is also increasing in production. Using freshwater withdrawals, which have increased seven-fold since 1900, the world will still have a steady supply of water for the growing population(Morse, 2017), and while yes there still are people who are facing a lack of water crisis, that is due to the area not being in the right location(Morse, 2017). When it comes to the fact that the human population is growing, it has to be remembered that it is not growing exponentially, and then while the growth rate is increasing, the growth rate actually decreased from before, going from 1.76% to .77%(Morse, 2017). As far as actual land to house people, it is estimated that every person on the planet could have a half acre of farming land if the world was to be divided like that(Morse, 2017), but realistically the population density in places like the United States is very small compared to places like the E.U, which still has a balanced or even positive agricultural trade(Stone, 2018). Another thing that can be done by governments is by deregulating the housing industry(Stone, 2018). Doing things like reducing parking requirements and height limits, allowing landowners to build freely on their property would boost population capacity and cost of living (Stone, 2018). Ultimately though, because of the low growth happening in places like the U.S, many media sources will claim that the problem of overpopulation is irrelevant(Stone, 2018). However, not ever popular media source claims this. In The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, it claims that overpopulation is a problem that needs to be addressed. With a million and a half people added every week, things will eventually be crowded. And so the lifestyle of people needs to change(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012).

Questions like do we need population control or How can we attain zero population growth on a planet where its losing its basic ecological infrastructure need to be answered soon if not now(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012). With estimations claiming that by 2050, the earth will inhabit 9.2 billion people, the problem of overpopulation really isn’t extremely far. Assuming that humans are growing exponentially, natural resources are being used faster than they can being replaced, which is lowering the standard of living and creating economic pressures both at home and the rest of the world(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012). Because humans have an insatiable demand for things like food, building materials, and fuel, it is causing problems in the environment like a decrease in forests, toxic oceans, and the extinction of species(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012). Even with our advanced technology, humans are still wasting resources and destroying the earth, just at a slower rate(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012). The solution they give is to live in harmony with each other and embrace change(The Overpopulation Problem: Running Out of Natural Resources, 2012), and while that is good advice, they don’t seem to have any realistic or practical plan to address overpopulation. Overall from reading the everyday media sources, while they were much easier to understand, it also wasn’t as concrete as the popular science or scientific journal articles. They wanted to address many different topics lightly instead of do one topic heavily. There also weren’t really any statistics to go along with the evidence they were trying to give off, and some of the sources didn’t even sight where they got the information from. This ultimately takes away from the reliability of these types of sources. These sources could be used if someone wants to learn a bit about the subject from a biased point of view, but to really understand the issue, he or she would have to do a lot more in depth research.

Moving on to the peer review scientific journal articles, these were much harder to read. They are a lot longer, use a lot more formal and scientific words, and has many statistics and variables that can make it difficult to really understand. The first source, Affordable assisted reproductive technologies developing countries: pros and cons is focused specifically on developing countries. The summary of the source, or the abstract, discusses the infertility in developing countries and how they they could use reproductive technologies, but is argued to not due to overpopulation. In the developing countries with infertility, most of it is attributed to damage caused by infections of the reproductive tract, notably gonorrhoea and chlamydial infection.(A, Oluwole, 2008) The argument against ART, Assisted reproductive technologies, is that overpopulated countries should not prioritize infertility management(A, Oluwole, 2008). The response to the argument is that people should be able to reproduce if, when and as often as they wish,(A, Oluwole, 2008). To counter that though, and argument is made that since developing countries have limited resources, they shouldn’t use it on expensive technologies that only benefit a few people(A, Oluwole, 2008). That source only covers overpopulation at a small scale, but it brings up questions for the entire earth to consider: should countries start a form of population control in order to stop overpopulation? The second source, Can a collapse of global civilization be avoided is about how overpopulation and overconsumption might cause a global collapse. Their argument is that humanity is in an act of suicide on a grand scale(Ehrlich, 2013). The collapse of human civilization is driven by overpopulation, overconsumption of natural resources and the use of unnecessarily environmentally damaging technologies. To support seven billion people currently, half of an additional planet would be needed, and if everyone consumed resources at the US level, it would take four to five more Earths(Ehrlich, 2013). While everyone claims that technology will boost the carrying capacity of earth, technology will also decrease it as well as the amount of resources. Finally, food will become a major problem if people continue to eat the way they do now(Ehrlich, 2013).

After reading through all the articles, my opinion is that while overpopulation is not a problem overall, it is a problem in many developing countries. Because of the lack of resources there, their population density is already going to be smaller, and even though infertility is a problem. Governments are still going to try to fix this problem. While this will help the couples who want children, it will be very costly to allocate resources to something that doesn’t help everyone or even a majority of people. With these resources lost to other programs, it ultimately will decrease the population capacity for that country. The source most convincing to me was the scientific journal article, Affordable assisted reproductive technologies in developing countries: pros and cons, due to how it specifically goes onto a smaller and more detailed issue. Whereas the other sources was about global overpopulation, this one is on developing countries. It is far easier to see the future of a couple of countries as opposed to the entire world, and while both sides have good arguments, it is simply too difficult to really tell what’s going to happen when all of humanity is involved. Furthermore the popular media sources just didn’t supply enough information for me to really decide on where I lie on the issue. While I wouldn’t go look at scientific journals to help me with every single decision that I make, I do recognize that at the very least I should find media sources that can cite scientific articles. By using media sources to learn a bit about topics, and then scientific articles to really understand the issue, it can only serve to make arguments stronger, better, and more credible.

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Population Explosion Essay

500+ words population explosion essay.

Population explosion means a sudden increase in the number of individuals in a particular species. The term is used to refer to the world’s human population. In India, the Population explosion has become a severe matter of concern because the increase in population leads to poverty and illiteracy. In this situation, it is difficult to cope with the economy of the country with the rapid growth of the population. The Government of India is now looking into the matter seriously, and many states have framed laws to tackle the problem of population explosion.

Major Causes of Population Explosion

1. increase in birth rate.

One of the major causes for the growth of the population is the high birth rate. During the 1891-1990 period, the birth rate declined from 45.8 per thousand in India, but it is still considered high. So, unfortunately, in India, the birth rate has not seen a decrease in spite of the framing laws in terms of family planning, population education, campaigns, etc.

2. Decrease in Death Rate

In recent years, the decrease in the death rate has been another factor contributing to the rapid growth of the population. In 2001, the death rate in India was about 8.5 per thousand. The death rate has seen a decrease due to advancements in the medical field. For example, chronic diseases like typhoid, chickenpox, etc., are no longer dreaded. Even the infant mortality rate has decreased because of proper sanitation facilities, cleanliness, and better prenatal and postnatal care.

3. Early Marriage

Early marriage is also an essential factor in the rapid increase in population. In India, the marriage age of a girl is 18, which is very low compared to other countries, which is about 23 to 25 years. It leads to a longer span of reproductive activity.

4. Religious and Social Reasons

In India, marriage is considered a compulsory social institution, and every person should marry. Every individual in a joint family takes equal responsibility and has access to an equivalent level of consumption. So, people don’t hesitate to increase their family size to a joint family. In India, most people think that one male child is necessary, and in the expectation of getting a male child, they increase their family size.

Another major cause of the population explosion is poverty. In most families, children become the source of income. From a very young age, children start working for their families instead of going to school, and they become a precious asset to the family. So, every individual becomes an earning member and additional income for the family.

6. Standard of Living

It is seen that people with a low standard of living wish to have additional children as it will be an asset for them rather than a liability. As we know, most of India’s population is uneducated, so they don’t understand the importance of family planning. They are unaware that they can enjoy a better quality of life with a small family.

7. Illiteracy

In India, 60% of the population is either illiterate or has minimum education, which leads to minimal employment opportunities. So, due to the high illiteracy rate and belief in social customs, child marriage and preference for a male child still prevail. As a result, there is a rapid population growth rate in India.

Effects of Population Explosion

1. the problem of unemployment.

An increase in population leads to a vast army of the labour force. But, it is difficult to employ such extensive labour working force due to a shortage of capital resources. Disguised unemployment in rural areas and open unemployment in urban areas are fundamental features of an underdeveloped country like India.

2. More Pressure on Land

Overpopulation creates more pressure on land. It adversely affects the economic development of the country. On the one hand, per capita availability of land goes on diminishing and on the other, the problem of subdivision and fragmentation of holdings increases.

3. Environmental Degradation

Extensive use of natural resources and energy production of oil, natural gas, and coal negatively impacts the planet. An increase in population also leads to deforestation, which directly affects the environment, and it also degrades the soil’s nutritional value and causes landslides and global warming.

So, at last, we can wrap up the essay by stating that overpopulation is considered one of the biggest challenges humanity faces.

Students can also get different essays by visiting BYJU’S website. We have compiled a list of crucial CBSE Essays from an exam perspective.

Frequently Asked Questions on Population Explosion Essay

How can population explosion be controlled.

Awareness campaigns on childbirth control and the gap between consecutive children should reach the common public. It is necessary to take such initiatives to keep the population of a country in control.

Which country has the highest population?

China is a country with a maximum population of about 1.448 billion citizens.

How is the younger generation affected due to this population explosion?

The resources which are meant exclusively for the younger generation get split and are divided due to the population explosion of a country.

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Essay on Population Growth in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Population Growth in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Population Growth in India

Introduction.

India, the second most populous country globally, has seen significant population growth over the years. This growth has both benefits and challenges.

Causes of Growth

Several factors contribute to India’s population growth, including high birth rates, declining mortality rates, and increased life expectancy due to medical advancements.

Impacts of Growth

Population growth affects various aspects of society. It can strain resources, increase unemployment, and exacerbate poverty. However, it also provides a large workforce, boosting economic growth.

In conclusion, while population growth presents certain challenges, effective planning and policy-making can turn it into an asset for the nation.

250 Words Essay on Population Growth in India

India, the second most populous country in the world, is experiencing explosive population growth. This growth, while indicative of improved health services, has significant repercussions on the country’s socio-economic fabric.

Causes of Population Growth

The primary cause of this surge is a decrease in mortality rates due to advancements in medical sciences and an increase in birth rates. Socio-cultural factors such as the preference for a male child, leading to larger families, also contribute.

Impacts of Population Growth

The burgeoning population exerts immense pressure on India’s limited resources, leading to issues like unemployment, poverty, and inadequate public health and education services. It also poses a severe threat to the environment due to overexploitation of natural resources.

Population Control Measures

India has implemented various population control measures like family planning and awareness programs. However, their effectiveness is often limited by socio-cultural barriers and lack of access to resources in rural areas.

While population growth signifies a healthy populace, it is imperative for India to check this growth to prevent socio-economic and environmental crises. This requires comprehensive strategies that address not just the symptoms but the root causes of population growth, including societal norms and access to resources.

500 Words Essay on Population Growth in India

India, the second most populous country in the world, is experiencing significant population growth. With over 1.3 billion people, the demographic changes in India are influencing its social, economic, and environmental dynamics. This essay explores the causes, implications, and potential solutions to the population growth in India.

The primary cause of India’s population growth is the decline in death rates. With advancements in healthcare and technology, life expectancy has improved, leading to a larger ageing population. Furthermore, despite efforts to promote family planning, the fertility rate remains high in many regions, particularly in rural areas. This is due to a lack of education, socio-cultural norms, and limited access to contraception.

Implications of Population Growth

The population surge in India brings both challenges and opportunities. On one side, it places immense pressure on resources such as water, food, and land. Rapid urbanization and the subsequent strain on infrastructure, including housing, sanitation, and transportation, are notable issues. Additionally, it exacerbates environmental degradation and climate change.

On the other hand, a large population signifies a vast labor force, which, if harnessed correctly, could propel economic growth. However, this demographic dividend can only be realized if the population is healthy, educated, and skilled, which is a challenge in itself given the current state of India’s public services.

In response to the population growth, the Indian government has implemented several measures. Family planning programs, awareness campaigns about contraception, and efforts to improve women’s education and empowerment have been at the forefront. However, these initiatives have not been uniformly successful across the country.

The Way Forward

Addressing population growth requires a multifaceted approach. Firstly, it is essential to improve the quality of education and healthcare, particularly in rural and marginalized areas. This includes comprehensive sex education and easy access to contraception to enable informed family planning decisions.

Secondly, empowering women through education and employment opportunities is crucial. Women who are educated and economically independent tend to have fewer children and invest more in their wellbeing, contributing to a decline in population growth.

Finally, it is vital to foster sustainable development and resource management to mitigate the environmental impact of population growth. This includes promoting green technologies, sustainable agriculture, and efficient use of water and energy.

India’s population growth is a complex issue with deep-rooted socio-cultural, economic, and environmental implications. While it presents significant challenges, it also offers opportunities if managed effectively. A combination of education, healthcare improvement, women’s empowerment, and sustainable development can help India navigate its demographic transition and harness its potential demographic dividend.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Essay on National Festivals of India
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Happy studying!

Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth Analytical Essay

Introduction, relationship between population and economic growth.

Economic growth is dependent on a wide array of factors that range from technology to capital. Of particular interest is the rate of population growth vis-à-vis economic growth and development. Various economic models have attempted to establish the relationship between different demographic dynamics and economic growth (Barro 1991, p. 87).

While some economists postulate that economic development slows down in periods of high population growth rates, others argue that high population growth boosts economic growth. This paper discusses such factors as age structure, level of economic development, population density and rates of poverty in addition to their impacts on economy. Besides, the paper utilizes various theoretical frameworks that establish the correlation of population dynamics and economic growth.

The relationship between population and economic growth has many perspectives. Various economists have developed models to explain the correlation between population and economic growth (Gonzalo 1994, p. 67). Malthus was among classical economists who attempted to explain the relationship. He claimed that increase in population could surpass the level of production in an economy leading to poverty (Jones 2002, p. 45).

The rationale is that population grows in geometrical way while productivity improves in an arithmetic rate. This does not only lead to poverty but also inefficiencies and diminished productivity. To that end, it is important to highlight that the relationship between population and economic growth has elicited heated debate (Weil 2009, p. 71).

Some schools of thoughts believe that there is a positive correlation between population and economic growth. Opponents argue that population growth complements the economy in the sense that there is a high number of skilled and talented laborers in an economy (Jayati 2013, p. 81). This in turn leads to increased productivity and production of goods and services across entire economic spectrum.

Other theorists have attempted to distinguish economic growth and population dynamics. Neo-classical theorists such as Solow differentiate various aspects of societies in order to establish accurate correlations and relationships (Thirlwall 1994, p. 132). In particular, Solow claims that high population growth in a steady state is likely to reduce disposable income and income per capital. Nonetheless, population growth does not affect the rate of economic growth in steady states (Jayati 2013, p. 76).

Consequently, Solow argues that the rate of population growth will be equal to the rate of economic growth in steady states. While neo-classical theorists classify states and nations in order to understand interplay between demographic dynamics and economy, other models use age structure of a nation to predict the effects of population growth/decrease in an economy.

According to Jones (2002, p. 67), industrialized nations have distinct age structures when compared to developing economies and nations. While majority of the population has reached adulthood in industrialized countries, children and young people constitute highest majority of developing countries’ population.

On the one hand, age structure in industrialized nations is major cause for skewed relationship between population growth and economy (Aliber 2001, p. 36). For instance, United Nations Report on global population growth indicates that aging will be a major driver of economic slowdown in many industrialized nations in the world by 2050 (Eastwood & Lipton 2001, p. 33).

The reason is that high number of working population will age out leading to a deceleration in productivity. It is important to point out that young population will not be in a position to meet the needs of the aging population.

This will not only lead to high rate of dependency but also high cost of caring for the aged populace (Weil 2009, p. 87). The government will also increase its funding towards social welfare programs to take care of its aging population.

In a country where government is attempting to cut down its expenditure, aging population will lead to slower economic growth because of high rate of dependency. To that end, population growth in such countries as Britain and United States is likely to accelerate economic growth and prosperity.

On the other hand, age structures in developing countries impede economic progress in third world. The rationale is that population growth will exert pressure on already scarce economic resources. As elucidated by Kohler & Kohler (2002, p. 56), high rates of population growth as witnessed in many African countries will lead to unsustainable economic development and growth. This is because many African economies are dependent on cultivation and agriculture (Jones 2002, p. 62).

An increase in population will imply that expansive agricultural activities and extraction of resources will increase at the expense of environment. It may also lead to deforestation and increased degradation of natural resources.

To that end, environmental degradation leads to agricultural stagnation that in turn affects the economy in a negative way (McCulloch & Baulch 2000, p. 102). Malthus asserts that social expenditure by government on young age structure at the expense of capital investment will also stall the economy (Weil 2009, p. 102).

While many economists argue that high population growth rates in developing countries have a counterproductive effect on the economy, it is apparent that increase in population is important for developing countries. According to Murthi & Drèze (2001, p. 45), a rise in population growth in developing countries implies that the economy will benefit from diverse workforce and vibrant labor market. In countries that have adopted labor-intensive model of production, population growth boosts productivity.

In such countries as China and India, the high rate of population growth has complemented economic growth rate (Drèze & Sen 1995, p. 38). In addition, it is essential to mention that a high rate of population growth offsets the risk of increased dependency emanating from the aging population (Kremer & Chen 2002, p. 34-89). As such, population growth plays a significant in enhancing steady development and economic growth in third world.

Kremer & Chen (2002, p. 56) articulate that population growth has a direct relationship with poverty rates in a country. Undoubtedly, level of poverty is a major indicator of economic growth and development in a country. Bourguignon (2001, p. 112) says that countries with high population growth rates have high rates of fertility.

However, fertility rates are dependent on incomes, literacy and inequalities that typify an economy. For instance, countries that experience high rates of income inequalities exhibit fertility discrepancies between poor uneducated people and rich and literate people (O’Sullivan 2003, p. 57).

The rationale is that affluent members of society tend to bear few children, which increases their likelihood of becoming literate and wealthy. Conversely, poor and probably uneducated members of the society have high fertility rates implying that they have many children who join vicious cycle of poverty (Lee 2003, p. 75).

To this end, high population growth rate in countries that have alarming levels of income inequalities tends to increase levels of poverty in the population. Governments therefore increase their social expenditure on poverty eradication and health at the expense of capital investments. This implies that population growth in income unequal countries is not only detrimental for the economy but it also threatens social stability.

Population density is another parameter that theorists use to establish correlation between population growth and economic growth. It refers to the number of people living within one square kilometer. Malthus asserts that countries with low population density experience many challenges (Kelley & Schmidt 1995, p. 67). At the outset, innovation and technology tend to spread slowly owing low contact between social institutions, individuals and economic institutions (Meier 1995, p. 34).

Due to little contact that is apparent in sparsely populated societies, negative ethnicity increases and persists for a long period. Besides, governments of such societies face constraints in provision of public goods such as infrastructure and electricity due to minimal and expensive interaction with the rest of the world (Solow 1956, p. 67).

On the other hand, high population density allows fast and efficient flow of innovation, creativity and technology leading to increase in uptake of modern ways of production (Kelley & Schmidt 2005, p. 56). This does not only boost economic growth but also enhances capital investments. It is important to highlight that high population density may also lead to environmental degradation and other effects of overutilization of resources.

In summary, population growth has a direct relationship with economic growth. Various economists classify different nations according to levels of economic development (developed or developing), population density, age -structure and income inequalities in order to establish the apparent correlation.

Population growth leads to economic growth in industrialized nations that have high population density. However, economic growth stalls in poor and unequal countries due to high rates of poverty and sparse population.

Aliber, M 2001, ‘An Overview of the Incidence and Nature of Chronic Poverty in South Africa’, Chronic Poverty Research Centre, vol. 4 no. 3, pp. 2-56.

Barro, R 1991, ‘Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 67 no. 3, pp. 73-123.

Bourguignon, F 2001, The Distributional Effects of Growth: Micro vs. Macro Approaches, Delta Pres: Paris.

Drèze, J & Sen, A 1995, India: Economic Development and Social Opportunity, Clarendon Press: New York.

Eastwood, R & Lipton, M 2001, ‘Pro-poor Growth and Pro-growth Poverty Reduction: Meaning, Evidence, and Policy Implications’, Asian Development Review, vol. 6 no. 4, pp. 19: 1-37.

Gonzalo, J 1994, ‘Five Alternative Methods of Estimating Long-Run Equilibrium Relationships’, Journal of Econometrics, vol. 60 no 1, pp. 19-94.

Jayati, G 2013, Too Much of the Same: Development and Cooperation , McGraw Hill Publishers: New York.

Jones, C 2002, Introduction to Economic Growth, McGraw Hill: New York.

Kelley, C & Schmidt, M 1995, Aggregate Population and Economic Growth Correlations: The Role of the Components of Demographic Change’, Demography, vol. 32 no. 4, pp. 35-78.

Kelley, C & Schmidt, M 2005, ‘Evolution of Recent Economic-Demographic Modeling: A Synthesis’, Journal of Population Economics, vol. 18 no. 2, pp, 20- 34.

Kohler, P & Kohler, I 2002, ‘Fertility Decline in Russia in the Early and Mid-1990s: The Role of Economic Uncertainty and Labor Market Crises’, European Journal of Population, vol. 18 no. 6, pp. 56-189.

Kremer, M & Chen, D 2002, ‘Income Distribution Dynamics with Endogenous Fertility’, Journal of Economic Growth , vol. 7 no. 3, pp. 227-258.

Lee, D 2003, ‘The Demographic Transition: Three Centuries of Fundamental Change’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 17 no. 4, pp. 45-92.

McCulloch, N & Baulch, B 2000, ‘Simulating the Impact of Policy on Chronic and Transitory Poverty in Rural Pakistan’, Journal of Development Studies, vol. 36 no. 6, pp. 100-130.

Meier, G 1995, Leading Issues in Economic Development, Oxford University Press: New York.

Murthi, M & Drèze, J 2001, ‘Fertility, Education, and Development: Evidence from India’, Population and Development Review, vol. 27 no. 3, pp. 33-63.

O’Sullivan, A 2003, Economics: Principles in Action, Pearson Prentice Hall: New Jersey.

Solow, M 1956, ‘A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 70 no. 2, pp. 45-134.

Thirlwall, P 1994, Growth and Development, Basingstoke: Macmillan Press: Basingstoke.

Weil, D 2009, Economic Growth, Pearson-Addison Wesley: New Jersey.

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IvyPanda. (2019, June 12). Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth. https://ivypanda.com/essays/relationship-between-population-and-economic-growth/

"Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth." IvyPanda , 12 June 2019, ivypanda.com/essays/relationship-between-population-and-economic-growth/.

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Essay on Population Growth. One of the major problems the world is facing is the problem of the exponential growth of the population. This problem is the greatest one. Most countries in the world are showing a steep rise in population figures. The world's resources are limited and so they cannot support a population beyond a certain limit.
Essay on Population Growth for Students and Children
500+ Words Essay on Population Growth. There are currently 7.7 billion people on our planet. India itself has a population of 1.3 billion people. And the population of the world is rising steadily year on year. This increase in the population, i.e. the number of people inhabiting our planet is what we call population growth.
Population Growth Essay
The short essay on Population Growth is written for 200 words and is suitable for children and kids with their classwork. Long Essay On Population Growth 500 Words in English. The below- mentioned long essay on population growth is for pupils aspiring for competitive exam and those belonging to classes 6,7,8,9, and 10, respectively.
Population growth
Population growth is the increase in the number of humans on Earth. For most of human history our population size was relatively stable. But with innovation and industrialization, energy, food, water, and medical care became more available and reliable. Consequently, global human population rapidly increased, and continues to do so, with dramatic impacts on global climate and ecosystems.
Essays on Population Growth
2 pages / 693 words. Introduction The growth of human population has been a topic of great interest and concern throughout history. Understanding the factors that have influenced population growth over centuries is crucial for comprehending the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. This essay aims to provide a comprehensive...
High Population Growth
Poverty, insecurity, unemployment, lack of sanitation, poor health facilities, lack of adequate education facilities are all aspects of countries that face the problem of high population growth. We will write a custom essay on your topic. This paper investigates the causes of high population growth, determines the consequences of high ...
Essay on Population for Students and Children
500+ Words Essay on Population. Population refers to the total number of beings living in a particular area. Population helps us get an estimate of the number of beings and how to act accordingly. For instance, if we know the particular population of a city, we can estimate the number of resources it needs.
Population Essay for Students in English
Whenever you are writing an essay on this topic, make sure that you are highlighting points like how population grows, the impact of this growth, ways to control population and the reasons why population of a country is so important. Once this is done and when you have an idea of what you need to be writing about, start building upon these points.
United States Population Growth
Over the years, the US population has undergone through a rapid population growth. In 2011 the population of the US was estimated to be around 312,313,000, with a majority of the population living in the cities and suburbs. The urban dwellers made up 82% of the entire population. We will write a custom essay on your topic.
Human Population and the Environment
We will write a custom essay on your topic a custom Essay on Human Population and the Environment. ... An ideal population growth should be at a rate that matches the development of the necessary social amenities and economic capacities such as employment opportunities to support the growing population. Population problems blamed on ...
Essay on Population
100 Words Essay On Population. Population refers to the total number of people living in a specific area or country. The global population has been increasing rapidly in recent decades and is projected to reach around 9 billion by 2050. The population growth rate varies by country and region, with some areas experiencing higher rates of growth ...
Thomas Malthus on population
Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) demonstrated perfectly the propensity of each generation to overthrow the fondest schemes of the last when he published An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798), in which he painted the gloomiest picture imaginable of the human prospect. He argued that population, tending to grow at a geometric rate, will ever press against the food supply, which at ...
World Population Problems
To appreciate the pace of population growth we should recall that world population doubled in about 1,700 years from the time of Christ until the middle of the 17th century; it doubled again in about 200 years, doubled again in less than 100, and, if the current rate of population increase were to remain constant, would double every 35 years ...
Essay on Population Growth in English for Children and Students
The information given in the essays can be used in school/college during speech giving, essay writing and other competitions. Short Essay on Population Growth - Essay 1 (200 Words) In today's time the population has become one of the leading problems of world. It requires a quick and serious attention from all of us.
Essay on Population Growth 500+ Words
Conclusion of Essay on Population Growth. In conclusion, India's population growth is a multifaceted issue that presents both challenges and opportunities. Managing this growth requires a concerted effort to improve healthcare, education, and family planning services. By harnessing its demographic dividend, India can promote economic growth ...
The Rapid Rise in Population Growth Rates Essay
The rapid rise in population growth rates is an undeniable fact. The consistent increase in population on a global level has been a reason for concern. Clear. Writing Help Login ... We will write a custom essay on your topic a custom Essay on The Rapid Rise in Population Growth Rates. 808 writers online .
Essays on Population Growth
The Rise in Global Population Growth and its Challenges The rise in the global population growth presents a myriad of challenges to the world such as global warming, climate change, disease outbreak, and poverty. According to Hugo (2012, p. 56), the number of years it takes for the world population to... Population Population Growth. Words: 1743.
World Population Growth
Essay Example: The human population in the world has been growing a an extremely fast rate, but with a growing rate of population, comes with it a potentially fatal problem: overpopulation. Overpopulation is when the environment, or in this case Earth, can no longer support a species due to.
POPULATION GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGY Flashcards
Select the theme of either population growth or technological advancements. Write a 125-word essay describing ways that population growth has or technological advances have impacted the environment in your community. The area in which I live is the Tikvesh area. Initially, the population in the area has been very low, and most of it has been ...
373 Population Topic Ideas to Write about & Essay Samples
Population Movements in 1850-1970. This paper will therefore trace the population movements in the world and some of the factors that contributed to the evolution of the world's population. We will write. a custom essay specifically for you by our professional experts. 809 writers online.
Essay on Population Explosion for Students
One of the major causes for the growth of the population is the high birth rate. During the 1891-1990 period, the birth rate declined from 45.8 per thousand in India, but it is still considered high. So, unfortunately, in India, the birth rate has not seen a decrease in spite of the framing laws in terms of family planning, population education ...
Essay on Population Growth in India
Introduction. India, the second most populous country in the world, is experiencing significant population growth. With over 1.3 billion people, the demographic changes in India are influencing its social, economic, and environmental dynamics. This essay explores the causes, implications, and potential solutions to the population growth in India.
Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth Analytical Essay
The rationale is that population growth will exert pressure on already scarce economic resources. As elucidated by Kohler & Kohler (2002, p. 56), high rates of population growth as witnessed in many African countries will lead to unsustainable economic development and growth. This is because many African economies are dependent on cultivation ...

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Essay on Population Growth in English for Children and Students

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Short Essay on Population Growth – Essay 1 (200 Words)

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