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Intermodal Transit Hub: Improving the Transfer Environment at the Li Shui Bridge Transportation Node in Beijing

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B.Arch Thesis – Transit Hub at Sector 21, Dwarka, New Delhi – Ashwjit Singh

• June 15, 2017

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Abstract / Summary

A transit hub is the spine of any city. It serves the most basic necessity for the city that is transportation. But when we hear about ‘Transit Hub’, the first thing that comes to our mind is either train or bus or metro or all combined. The fashion of creating huge transit hubs without any concern for the immediate society around it has a deteriorating effect on itself. Because of this, people have to adjust to the design rather than creating an adaptive design.

A transit hub does not necessarily needs to be just a starting or ending point of a journey. It can also serve as a node for the community that surrounds or resides around the hub. But how does this happen? How to get the community involved in the process? The answers lies in the needs and aspirations of the society. If their wants and demands can be met on an optimum level at a place which provides them an escape from their daily schedule & also gives them a new set of viewpoint for the environment surrounding them, then the space will act as a node for the society & passengers. This is what has been tried to achieve.

To create a nodal integration between the transit hub and public space serving as a free space for the people residing around the transit hub.

The bus terminal proposed is in sector 21 Dwarka, Delhi and is supposed to be an international bus terminal. The project focuses on improving the current scenario of transit hubs by implementation of controls through design.

Also upgrading the transit hub as a community space so that it relates and responds for and to the society surrounding it. Through research and case studies several issues were realized in the existing typology of terminals. Hence by trying to resolve them, what has been achieved is:

• Pedestrian friendly environment
• Socially active complex
• Crime preventive environmental design for better of women
• Security from man-made life threatening situations
• Controls for restricting unnecessary public intake to reduce chaos
• Exploring, understanding and further applying the thinking of society/community/people towards an urban space through architecture.
• Achieving a design of efficient transit hub.
• Secondary nature of being a node for not just the surrounding community but also for the passengers.
• Being situated in a metropolitan city and more importantly in the country’s capital, an image for international standards needed to be created.
• Socially and environmentally active complex.

Faded have those days, when children use to get scolded for playing cricket in the streets. Breaking windows, hitting cars and then running away to save themselves from scolding. Today’s youth does not need to be in juveniles or any other form of restricted or confined boundaries to feel that way. The technological pests such as mobiles, gaming consoles and internet sources have already made their way into their daily lives in order to keep them glued to it.

Context Study

But is it only the youth to blame? Have the adults not lost their way? 9 to 9 office hours. Office and household duties have chained them to reclining plastic seats. Whether it is the middle aged ones or the old age. The social connection has almost smoked into thin air. How to revive that connection again? Earlier their use to be a house for every family. Now it is a society of numerous houses for numerous families within confined limits. This itself has limited us in engaging with different people at the same time. What can be done? To give back what has been taken from the society, a space is needed, which provides them with the most basic activities and needs. This will help in fulfilling the purpose of going to that place and hence, the place will not be defunct. After research and study of the context it was concluded that a gathering and common playing and engagement point was needed.

On the other hand, the city is suffering from ever increasing demand of public transport. And the current bus terminals that run in the city are not functioning properly and to their full potential. One of the main reasons for this is poor infrastructure.

This terminal is part of a ‘Multi Modal Transit Hub’ and hence will face high amount of traffic both in terms of vehicles and passengers. So how can a transit hub be the face of the city? How can architecture be the catalyst of change for future?

This terminal becomes the interconnection of change and progress. This is how terminals should grow. This is how it will begin. This is why it not just a terminal but a ‘Nodal Integration of Urban Transit Hub & Community Spaces’.

Even though the intention of the design was to be community oriented but the primary motive was to create a highly efficient bus terminal of international standards. Hence the design is not overpowered by the community space and is yet its integral part.

The site is approachable for the passengers from multiples entries but for vehicles and buses from singular entries. This makes it easy to maintain the traffic and also increases the legibility and viable.

The building have been oriented in the direction of the major axis of the site to ease the movement of buses. Movement of buses have been distributed on different levels for the ease of passengers.

Totally different and detached pedestrian block has been created for ticketing and information and tourist information area so that only the people with tickets could go into the terminal building. This creates a less chaotic environment.

The community space has been placed in front of the site because that is the only area from where the site is totally visible and also it is near to the residential area around the site.

The office building is totally alienated from the terminal side to create a disturbance free and easily approachable space.

The three buildings have their own characters yet are in right harmony with each other.

Form Development

Final Sheets:

ashwjit singh

• Architecture education , B.Arch Thesis , New Delhi

17 Responses

Hey Ashwajit, My name is Chitra Ahuja and i am a final year student pursuing my bachelors in architecture from Ahmedabad. I am taking up Transit hub as my final year project. I came across your project and found it very interesting. I would like to know more about it. I would be really thankful if you could share some more information about the project.

Thanks, Chitra Ahuja [email protected]

send me ur files and synopsis for my future reference please.

THE PROJECT IS SPLENDID

Thank you so much!

My name is Ankur,I am a final year student form Lucknow and it would be very helpful if you provide me the dwg file of your project for reference .

hi your thesis is amazing m doing the same project can you plz send me dwg files of your ur project for the reference it will be really helpful for me u can mail me in [email protected] thank you

My name is Ibrahim Badusha. I am a final year student form tamilnadu. and it would be very helpful if you provide me the jge files and synopsis of your project for reference.

It’s my mail id [email protected] ..

Ashwjit Very informative & thorougly explained project. I wish you best of luck for future.

Thank you so much.

my name is Akshay , iam a final year student . it would be a great helpful if you provide more information about it. it would be really thankful if you could share it. [email protected]

hey.! your thesis is amazing I’m doing the same project in my current semester can you plz send me dwg files of your ur project for the reference it will be really helpful for me u can mail me in [email protected] thanks in advance

Great work. Simple yet amazing!!

Hi! I’m really interested in your thesis, I would like to have some of your dwg files or anything that can help me for future reference for my thesis this upcoming semester. I am really interested in taking a transport hub for my dissertation. This would help me a lot if you would share it with me. Here’s my email. Thank youuu [email protected]

Really good job.My name is Niran. I’m an architecture student.Can you plz send me dwg files of your ur project for the reference it will be really helpful for me u can mail me in [email protected]

OUTSTANDING WORK BRO VERY DETAILED I AM GOING WITH SAME TOPIC FOR MY THESIS IF POSSIBLE CAN YOU PLEASE SHARE YOUR DWG WITH ME IT WOULD MEAN A LOT BROTHER THANK-YOU IN ADVANCE BROTHER [email protected]

Hello there, Can you please share more information and some files for reference. I am taking up a similar topic for my thesis. It would be very helpful as your work is really Appreaciable.

Hi, i am albin, an architecture student from Kerala. Your thesis project is amazing and am also doing the same project as thesis. can i get the site details and other data’s for the project. I hope you would replay. thank you.

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Palanyag : Integrated Terminal System | Jeffrey O. Nevado

What if the economic growth of the city means minimized traffic congestion in edsa and other main roads of the city?. What if interconnection of transportation also means empowered filipino culture and society? What if balanced ecological system also means preserved developments and future? What if terminal also means public spaces not final destination? What if we can ; as one do it all at once? Imagine a lobby as a museum of our culture. Imagine a waiting area callled fiesta. Imagine a sunset of manila bay in arriving and departure area. Imagine an illegal vendor we called “tiange”

DESIGN PHILOSOPPHY “ARCHITECTURE CREATES CULTURE AND CULTURE CREATES INTERCONNECTION INTO PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENTS” The terminal serves to the passengers and also creates culture by means of architecture. Bring all terminal together by introducing another entity: integrated terminal system beside Metro Manila, Philippines . The transport terminal from urban to rural that promoting public transportation and tourism. The terminal can be stand as comfortable travel, seamless flow and the design focus to the people. The passengers and local community enjoying the spaces and expanding promenade to create opportunities for the people, appropriate for their activities and movements. The terminal is the connection and gateway from urban to rural into interconnection of progress, this interconnection means growth of developments. This is how people meet architecture and how transport terminal begins. DESIGN CONCEPT The design of the terminal are from the three main points, these are the adaptation of the environment, identity of the terminal and introducing open spaces and parks. The adaptation of the environment is not the building creates environment but the environment create the building. The design of the terminal is from the dictation of the environment how it’s look like and function it, that the people enjoying the spaces through convenience, efficiency and safety. Creating a signature, timeless design and identity. The terminal design reflects the identity of Filipino by the culture around it and other provinces destination. The terminal show the transition from urban to rural, from the terminal gives idea and show the scenery of the places and culture (e.i the taal lake, mountain of tagaytay , Emilio agunaldo house etc.). The design is inspired from the “baybayin”, the old form of writing of the Filipino. The tagalog word “palanyag”, old names of the Paranaque City ( site of the project) means point of navigation. It is translate in baybayin to create a form of the façade and connect the three building as bridge. The design concept is not only the symbolic form, also as connection from urban to rural that the terminal promotes culture of the Filipino and the terminal create developments of the city and other provinces by means of transportation. The lack of open spaces and combined with the growth of population. Manila needs open landscaped areas e.i parks, playground , plaza , etc. that caters to comfortable enjoyment of social activities. The project is produce as an extension of urban ground can be used as a cultural activities that cannot affect to the operation of the terminal.

ZONING Composed of four floors, in the ground the circulation of the vehicles, departure and arrival area. Open plan for the ventilation, in the second floor all passengers’ circulation and terminal facilities, ticketing and waiting area. Third floor composed of commercial spaces and fourth floor is administration and other offices ORIENTATION The longest side of the site is oriented through east and west and shortest is north and south. The rectangular block divided in three parts and separate to create three blocks of rectangular that the longest side of the block is oriented in north and south to minimize the impact of heat of direct sunlight in the building.

ARRIVING AREA From the separated three block we create open area and become arrival area of passengers. CONNECTION FROM GROUND We push down the edge of the three blocks to connect to the ground as connection, not only inside and outside spaces and can connect the symbiosis from the other plants and also easy access of people to the roof to see the view of manila bay.

We move alternately the three blocks for their view of different angle from the bay and the city. ATRIUM We put atrium as light well for the building, as wind scoop and to create stack effect that draws cool air from the underside of the structure while pulling hot air out to the top. IDENTITY

The façade of the building is from the baybayin script, translate the word palanyag and then trace the same pattern of the script as flowing façade. CONNECTION We connect the script to form a continuous flow and we put as the connection of the three building and connection of green landscaped . OPEN SPACES AND PARK The roof deck as roof plaza , park and other social activities , the passengers and other local resident will benefit in green spaces as public spaces.

Arch2o has received this project from our readers in order to participate in the Students week 8 event, you may submit your own work for publication in the Students Week 9 , for more details please CLICK HERE

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An overview of transportation architecture

The human race has constantly been blooming and coming up with new inventions and technologies. We had once started with fulfilling our basic needs for life and utilizing the concept of civilization and settlement. Once we learned to settle, humans found an urge to visit these various settlements, which created the idea of traveling. With urbanization and industrialization, we came up with multiple ways to travel. Walking on foot was replaced with transportation systems like cycles, cars, buses which later developed into trains, flights, cruise lines, and metros. This wide range of transportation is still growing at a breakneck pace. Not only this created a new sector of urban designing for urban planners to work on, but even architects also had to now think of designing the structures where their modes of transportation would halt or provide facilities to the travelers. This field of architecture is where we create infrastructure for transportation systems, and today we are shining some light on it.

The transportation architecture wraps up the continuous movement of the people and vehicles. It provides a static shelter to the constant kinetic structure of the people in there. These structures are very different from other typologies of architecture as there is always an influx of people either leaving a place or reaching the destination. Not only do they have to provide a space for the arrival and departure of people, but it has to work on a more practical and emotional level as well. Looking deep into this, we realize places like this, whether it be a bus stop, a metro station, ship harbor, airport, railway station, or any other such transit stop, it has a deep emotional connection as people are leaving and arriving and thus it marks a part of a journey.

These structures even play a significant contribution in giving the city an identity. These various transit stops, when appropriately designed, can create landmarks in the city. They would act as essential points in the town that characterizes it. Just like, we mark a map with pin marks; these structures at various places help us relatively track the surroundings and our location. 

Now for understanding the architecture of transportation, we need to understand the types of people who travel. Firstly, there are the local people who use transportation for their daily needs like pedestrians, people riding cycles, cars, bikes. These people require proper walkways, bus stops, bicycle stands, and car parking areas. The second type of travelers are those who travel from one place to another and use trains, flights, buses, and ships to travel. These require a more large-scaled infrastructure and have a significant impact on the city and the people. It becomes the primary source of the economy for a town, and many times, visitors judge the town by the railway stations, airports, and other transportation stops in the city.

Transportation architecture was always a part of architecture since historic times. Flights, metros, bullet trains, and ships were not so common during those days. There was a time when trains were the most preferred way to travel, and thus designing the railway stations was a work of remarkable scope for the architects. History stands as an attestation to these beautiful monumental railway stations, some of which we still admire. Some famous railway stations are Grand Central Terminal in New York ,  the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai ,  Saint Pancras in London,  Chicago Union Station, and others.  These historic railway stations were built in the historic architectural styles like Gothic, Renaissance, Roman styles to create a massive presence, and they continue to govern the architectural value of the city. 

In modern times, architects have understood that places like railway stations or airports are very romantic spaces filled with a tearful goodbye and happy reunions full of emotions. This has transformed the way transportation architecture is practiced these days. In historical times, the main focus was on following a particular architectural style, prevalent in the city and covering basic functionalities. Today, the focus has shifted on creating a  static skin that would encase the constant movement of people and transportation systems while housing their emotions.

Transportation architecture has also become a structure of great economic value for a city. It sometimes directly reflects the financial status of the place by the grandness and facilities it keeps in store for the travelers.  For some architects, it is an excellent opportunity to showcase their design skills on a larger scale. For others, it is a beautiful amalgamation of motion and stillness leading to creating something somewhat timeless pragmatically that any traveler can relate with. 

These days, the concept of sustainability is being incorporated in many typologies, and it has become chiefly important in public structures. The Bicycle Hotel Lillestrøm in Norway was designed as an initiative from the Norwegian government and complied with the sustainability goals, providing facilities for bicycle parking and hotels near the commuter train stations to discourage the use of private cars in the city. It sits on a concrete base and intends to provide cycle parking and protect them from heavy traffic. The U- form with a stepping-ramp on the side merges the wooden roof with the landscape and provides the viewer a view of the city. Now, this was the example of a transit architecture designed for use by local people.

Sometimes, the old stations are restored and modified according to the current demand and needs of the people. The Kings Cross Station in London , which was built in the 19th century, was refurbished recently. The new addition restored its scenic splendor design. The restoration covered around 27 hectares of land, making it a multi-use transportation hub connected to the St. Pancras Station. Contrary to the original design, the new addition shifts the axis of the building to the side by adding a parametric canopy of metal and glass. Not only has it tripled the station’s ground coverage, but it also has increased the number of people that can travel at a time. Like any other structure related to transportation, Kings cross station has also become the architectural gateway of London. It is one of the most outstanding examples of how the refurbishment of the previously built structures is also a part of transportation architecture. 

Sometimes, the design of transportation systems is designed so that they represent the socio-political context of the city. Similarly, Santiago Calatrava designed the World Trade Centre Transportation Hub. The operable skylight opens every 9/11 to allow sunlight inside the hub, which brings in sunlight that represents hope and energy. The design is unique as a self-standing structure, which adds a new identity to the city of New York and symbolizes the bird, “ Phoenix.”       

Transportation architecture covers the large-scale railway stations, airports, and also the simple walkways pathways that the pedestrians use. Also, at times, it becomes a multi-disciplinary practice as it requires the fusion of urban designing, landscaping, transportation, architecture, and other social and economic aspects. In Australia, the Link Walkway used a timber structure to create a ribbed vault effect, providing an exciting pathway and protection to pedestrians. With the minimal addition of systems to the pre-existing spaces, these walkway pedestrians beautify the areas and increase the safety and movement of people.

With the increasing population worldwide, there is an increase in infrastructure, leading to rapid vehicular use. In the coming times, newer technologies will surely come up, leading to more transit stops. It may also happen that our vision of flying cars continues in the future, which would create the need for more infrastructure. The scope of transportation architecture is global today and has an immense potential to bloom.

Currently in her 3rd year of Architecture at IIT Roorkee, Muskan believes that architecture has the potential to shape this world and its future. Being a keen observer, she always finds connection between architecture and human psychology. Besides this, she also loves art, music, movies and connecting with others.

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40 Facts About Elektrostal

Written by Lanette Mayes

Modified & Updated: 19 May 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Elektrostal is a vibrant city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. With a rich history, stunning architecture, and a thriving community, Elektrostal is a city that has much to offer. Whether you are a history buff, nature enthusiast, or simply curious about different cultures, Elektrostal is sure to captivate you.

This article will provide you with 40 fascinating facts about Elektrostal, giving you a better understanding of why this city is worth exploring. From its origins as an industrial hub to its modern-day charm, we will delve into the various aspects that make Elektrostal a unique and must-visit destination.

So, join us as we uncover the hidden treasures of Elektrostal and discover what makes this city a true gem in the heart of Russia.

Key Takeaways:

• Elektrostal, known as the “Motor City of Russia,” is a vibrant and growing city with a rich industrial history, offering diverse cultural experiences and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.
• With its convenient location near Moscow, Elektrostal provides a picturesque landscape, vibrant nightlife, and a range of recreational activities, making it an ideal destination for residents and visitors alike.

Known as the “Motor City of Russia.”

Elektrostal, a city located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia, earned the nickname “Motor City” due to its significant involvement in the automotive industry.

Home to the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Elektrostal is renowned for its metallurgical plant, which has been producing high-quality steel and alloys since its establishment in 1916.

Boasts a rich industrial heritage.

Elektrostal has a long history of industrial development, contributing to the growth and progress of the region.

Founded in 1916.

The city of Elektrostal was founded in 1916 as a result of the construction of the Elektrostal Metallurgical Plant.

Located approximately 50 kilometers east of Moscow.

Elektrostal is situated in close proximity to the Russian capital, making it easily accessible for both residents and visitors.

Known for its vibrant cultural scene.

Elektrostal is home to several cultural institutions, including museums, theaters, and art galleries that showcase the city’s rich artistic heritage.

A popular destination for nature lovers.

Surrounded by picturesque landscapes and forests, Elektrostal offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and birdwatching.

Hosts the annual Elektrostal City Day celebrations.

Every year, Elektrostal organizes festive events and activities to celebrate its founding, bringing together residents and visitors in a spirit of unity and joy.

Has a population of approximately 160,000 people.

Elektrostal is home to a diverse and vibrant community of around 160,000 residents, contributing to its dynamic atmosphere.

Boasts excellent education facilities.

The city is known for its well-established educational institutions, providing quality education to students of all ages.

A center for scientific research and innovation.

Elektrostal serves as an important hub for scientific research, particularly in the fields of metallurgy, materials science, and engineering.

Surrounded by picturesque lakes.

The city is blessed with numerous beautiful lakes , offering scenic views and recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

Well-connected transportation system.

Elektrostal benefits from an efficient transportation network, including highways, railways, and public transportation options, ensuring convenient travel within and beyond the city.

Famous for its traditional Russian cuisine.

Food enthusiasts can indulge in authentic Russian dishes at numerous restaurants and cafes scattered throughout Elektrostal.

Home to notable architectural landmarks.

Elektrostal boasts impressive architecture, including the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Elektrostal Palace of Culture.

Offers a wide range of recreational facilities.

Residents and visitors can enjoy various recreational activities, such as sports complexes, swimming pools, and fitness centers, enhancing the overall quality of life.

Provides a high standard of healthcare.

Elektrostal is equipped with modern medical facilities, ensuring residents have access to quality healthcare services.

Home to the Elektrostal History Museum.

The Elektrostal History Museum showcases the city’s fascinating past through exhibitions and displays.

A hub for sports enthusiasts.

Elektrostal is passionate about sports, with numerous stadiums, arenas, and sports clubs offering opportunities for athletes and spectators.

Celebrates diverse cultural festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal hosts a variety of cultural festivals, celebrating different ethnicities, traditions, and art forms.

Electric power played a significant role in its early development.

Elektrostal owes its name and initial growth to the establishment of electric power stations and the utilization of electricity in the industrial sector.

Boasts a thriving economy.

The city’s strong industrial base, coupled with its strategic location near Moscow, has contributed to Elektrostal’s prosperous economic status.

Houses the Elektrostal Drama Theater.

The Elektrostal Drama Theater is a cultural centerpiece, attracting theater enthusiasts from far and wide.

Popular destination for winter sports.

Elektrostal’s proximity to ski resorts and winter sport facilities makes it a favorite destination for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter activities.

Promotes environmental sustainability.

Elektrostal prioritizes environmental protection and sustainability, implementing initiatives to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources.

Home to renowned educational institutions.

Elektrostal is known for its prestigious schools and universities, offering a wide range of academic programs to students.

Committed to cultural preservation.

The city values its cultural heritage and takes active steps to preserve and promote traditional customs, crafts, and arts.

Hosts an annual International Film Festival.

The Elektrostal International Film Festival attracts filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world, showcasing a diverse range of films.

Encourages entrepreneurship and innovation.

Elektrostal supports aspiring entrepreneurs and fosters a culture of innovation, providing opportunities for startups and business development.

Offers a range of housing options.

Elektrostal provides diverse housing options, including apartments, houses, and residential complexes, catering to different lifestyles and budgets.

Home to notable sports teams.

Elektrostal is proud of its sports legacy, with several successful sports teams competing at regional and national levels.

Boasts a vibrant nightlife scene.

Residents and visitors can enjoy a lively nightlife in Elektrostal, with numerous bars, clubs, and entertainment venues.

Promotes cultural exchange and international relations.

Elektrostal actively engages in international partnerships, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic collaborations to foster global connections.

Surrounded by beautiful nature reserves.

Nearby nature reserves, such as the Barybino Forest and Luchinskoye Lake, offer opportunities for nature enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the region’s biodiversity.

Commemorates historical events.

The city pays tribute to significant historical events through memorials, monuments, and exhibitions, ensuring the preservation of collective memory.

Promotes sports and youth development.

Elektrostal invests in sports infrastructure and programs to encourage youth participation, health, and physical fitness.

Hosts annual cultural and artistic festivals.

Throughout the year, Elektrostal celebrates its cultural diversity through festivals dedicated to music, dance, art, and theater.

Provides a picturesque landscape for photography enthusiasts.

The city’s scenic beauty, architectural landmarks, and natural surroundings make it a paradise for photographers.

Connects to Moscow via a direct train line.

The convenient train connection between Elektrostal and Moscow makes commuting between the two cities effortless.

A city with a bright future.

Elektrostal continues to grow and develop, aiming to become a model city in terms of infrastructure, sustainability, and quality of life for its residents.

In conclusion, Elektrostal is a fascinating city with a rich history and a vibrant present. From its origins as a center of steel production to its modern-day status as a hub for education and industry, Elektrostal has plenty to offer both residents and visitors. With its beautiful parks, cultural attractions, and proximity to Moscow, there is no shortage of things to see and do in this dynamic city. Whether you’re interested in exploring its historical landmarks, enjoying outdoor activities, or immersing yourself in the local culture, Elektrostal has something for everyone. So, next time you find yourself in the Moscow region, don’t miss the opportunity to discover the hidden gems of Elektrostal.

Q: What is the population of Elektrostal?

A: As of the latest data, the population of Elektrostal is approximately XXXX.

Q: How far is Elektrostal from Moscow?

A: Elektrostal is located approximately XX kilometers away from Moscow.

Q: Are there any famous landmarks in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to several notable landmarks, including XXXX and XXXX.

Q: What industries are prominent in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal is known for its steel production industry and is also a center for engineering and manufacturing.

Q: Are there any universities or educational institutions in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal is home to XXXX University and several other educational institutions.

Q: What are some popular outdoor activities in Elektrostal?

A: Elektrostal offers several outdoor activities, such as hiking, cycling, and picnicking in its beautiful parks.

Q: Is Elektrostal well-connected in terms of transportation?

A: Yes, Elektrostal has good transportation links, including trains and buses, making it easily accessible from nearby cities.

Q: Are there any annual events or festivals in Elektrostal?

A: Yes, Elektrostal hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, including XXXX and XXXX.

Elektrostal's fascinating history, vibrant culture, and promising future make it a city worth exploring. For more captivating facts about cities around the world, discover the unique characteristics that define each city . Uncover the hidden gems of Moscow Oblast through our in-depth look at Kolomna. Lastly, dive into the rich industrial heritage of Teesside, a thriving industrial center with its own story to tell.

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Savvino-storozhevsky monastery and museum.

Zvenigorod's most famous sight is the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, which was founded in 1398 by the monk Savva from the Troitse-Sergieva Lavra, at the invitation and with the support of Prince Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod. Savva was later canonised as St Sabbas (Savva) of Storozhev. The monastery late flourished under the reign of Tsar Alexis, who chose the monastery as his family church and often went on pilgrimage there and made lots of donations to it. Most of the monastery’s buildings date from this time. The monastery is heavily fortified with thick walls and six towers, the most impressive of which is the Krasny Tower which also serves as the eastern entrance. The monastery was closed in 1918 and only reopened in 1995. In 1998 Patriarch Alexius II took part in a service to return the relics of St Sabbas to the monastery. Today the monastery has the status of a stauropegic monastery, which is second in status to a lavra. In addition to being a working monastery, it also holds the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum.

Belfry and Neighbouring Churches

Located near the main entrance is the monastery's belfry which is perhaps the calling card of the monastery due to its uniqueness. It was built in the 1650s and the St Sergius of Radonezh’s Church was opened on the middle tier in the mid-17th century, although it was originally dedicated to the Trinity. The belfry's 35-tonne Great Bladgovestny Bell fell in 1941 and was only restored and returned in 2003. Attached to the belfry is a large refectory and the Transfiguration Church, both of which were built on the orders of Tsar Alexis in the 1650s.  

To the left of the belfry is another, smaller, refectory which is attached to the Trinity Gate-Church, which was also constructed in the 1650s on the orders of Tsar Alexis who made it his own family church. The church is elaborately decorated with colourful trims and underneath the archway is a beautiful 19th century fresco.

Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is the oldest building in the monastery and among the oldest buildings in the Moscow Region. It was built between 1404 and 1405 during the lifetime of St Sabbas and using the funds of Prince Yury of Zvenigorod. The white-stone cathedral is a standard four-pillar design with a single golden dome. After the death of St Sabbas he was interred in the cathedral and a new altar dedicated to him was added.

Under the reign of Tsar Alexis the cathedral was decorated with frescoes by Stepan Ryazanets, some of which remain today. Tsar Alexis also presented the cathedral with a five-tier iconostasis, the top row of icons have been preserved.

Tsaritsa's Chambers

The Nativity of Virgin Mary Cathedral is located between the Tsaritsa's Chambers of the left and the Palace of Tsar Alexis on the right. The Tsaritsa's Chambers were built in the mid-17th century for the wife of Tsar Alexey - Tsaritsa Maria Ilinichna Miloskavskaya. The design of the building is influenced by the ancient Russian architectural style. Is prettier than the Tsar's chambers opposite, being red in colour with elaborately decorated window frames and entrance.

At present the Tsaritsa's Chambers houses the Zvenigorod Historical, Architectural and Art Museum. Among its displays is an accurate recreation of the interior of a noble lady's chambers including furniture, decorations and a decorated tiled oven, and an exhibition on the history of Zvenigorod and the monastery.

Palace of Tsar Alexis

The Palace of Tsar Alexis was built in the 1650s and is now one of the best surviving examples of non-religious architecture of that era. It was built especially for Tsar Alexis who often visited the monastery on religious pilgrimages. Its most striking feature is its pretty row of nine chimney spouts which resemble towers.

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Jonathan Byrnes, MIT Center for Transportation and Logistics senior lecturer and visionary in supply chain management, dies at 75

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Jonathan L.S. Byrnes, a distinguished senior lecturer at the MIT Center for Transportation and Logistics (CTL), passed away peacefully on May 7 after a long battle with cancer, leaving behind a legacy of profound contributions to supply chain education, industry, and the MIT community. He was 75 years old.

“Jonathan was not just a brilliant mind in supply chain management,” reflects Yossi Sheffi, director of CTL and the Elisha Gray II Professor of Engineering Systems. “He was a cherished colleague who had been a part of CTL for over half its existence. His impact on our community and the field of logistics is immense.”

Byrnes dedicated over three decades to teaching and shaping the future leaders of supply chain management (SCM). He authored over 200 influential publications and guided thesis work for numerous students and researchers. In 2021, Byrnes endowed the  Jonathan Byrnes Prizes for Academic Distinction and Leadership , awarded each spring by CTL to a residential and a blended SCM master’s student who demonstrate, in Byrnes’s own words, "both a strong academic record (but not necessarily the strongest), linked with a strong contribution to student life."

Byrnes made a positive impact on countless MIT students. In 2019, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Master of Engineering in Logistics (MLOG)/SCM Program, several hundred alumni were asked to identify their most memorable class. Byrnes’s course, 1.261J - ESD.261J - 15.771J (Case Studies in Logistics and Supply Chain Management), was most frequently cited. Other anecdotal accounts and alumni surveys perennially note the course as their favorite and most highly recommended for its impact and influence on students’ careers.

Byrnes fostered a collaborative and discussion-oriented learning environment — a highly valued and sought-after experience of on-campus learning. “He was a gentle man, but was always so vigorous and energetic in class,” remembers Austin Saragih, MIT PhD student in transportation and a graduate research assistant at the MIT Megacity Logistics Lab, and a 2021 Byrnes Prize recipient.

Byrnes’s passion and influence extended beyond the realm of academia. He served on the boards of several companies, leaving an indelible mark on industry practices, and he co-founded Profit Isle Inc., revolutionizing profit analytics and acceleration.

Born in Lexington, Massachusetts, Byrnes earned his MBA from Columbia University in 1974 and his doctorate in business administration from Harvard University in 1980, where he served as president of the Harvard Alumni Association.

He is survived by his wife, Marsha (Feinman) Byrnes; sons Dan and Steve; daughter-in-law Nicole Ledoux; grandchildren Edison, George, and Adrian; and sister Pamela Byrnes and her husband Rick Jacobsen. He is predeceased by his daughter-in-law, Kristin Szatkiewicz Byrnes.

Remembrances may be made to Dana-Farber Cancer Center in gratitude to oncologist Toni Choueiri, or to  the Experimental Model of Human Sarcoma Fund .

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Shyam Agarwal Receives 2024 M.S. Ghausi Medal

• by Molly Medin
• May 20, 2024

The University of California, Davis, College of Engineering has announced Shyam Agarwal, who will graduate one year early with a Bachelor of Science degree in computer science in June, as the recipient of the 2024 M.S. Ghausi Medal. The award is the college's highest honor given to one outstanding graduating senior. 

The award is named after the College of Engineering's third dean, Mohammed S. Ghausi. During his term as dean, Ghausi championed the expansion of the Mathematics, Engineering and Science Achievement, or MESA , Schools Program, designed to serve educationally disadvantaged and minority students. In 1991, he created the Women in Engineering program, the first of its kind in the UC system. 

"Getting the medal is definitely a validation for me," Argawal said. "I honestly feel very humbled and blessed to be given the medal. Ghausi has done so much for [the College of Engineering] and for the computer science program, so I am very grateful both for his work and to be compared to someone like him."

At UC Davis, Agarwal has exemplified Ghausi's legacy of leadership and service to others through his dedication to connecting his peers with computer science in his concurrent roles as president of the Google Developers Student Club , vice president of operations of CodeLab and vice president of SacHacks . 

"I am glad that my and my team's efforts are able to create an impact in the lives of others," he said. "Every living species in this world, including animals, work for themselves. What makes us different is our ability to work for the betterment of others. There is no better feeling than to be the reason for someone else's smile and happiness." 

A firm believer in education, Agarwal used to teach elementary English, Hindi and math to underprivileged youths in Lucknow, India as part of the initiative Each One, Teach At Least One. During the fall of 2023, Agarwal founded and instructed an upper-division undergraduate course on algorithms that covered technical interview preparation, competitive programming, and both randomized and approximation algorithms. 

On campus, Agarwal is a University Honors Program student and is working with Ali Moghimi , an assistant professor of teaching in the Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, on finishing his honors thesis on automated feedback generation. For this project, Agarwal is developing AI technology to automatically give students feedback on short answer questions, significantly conserving time, resources and computing power, and giving students a better learning experience. 

He has also worked extensively with Seth Frey, an associate professor of communication, on research into the role of numeracy-enhanced architectures in social inference. In other words, Agarwal is investigating how and why AI is or isn't able to understand or detect certain numerical data, like when someone says, sarcastically, that they have two dollars and that's "a lot" versus when someone says, genuinely, they have $2 million and that's a lot. 

Additionally, Agarwal's work on improving accessibility in communication via automated speech recognition systems, titled "'Allot?' is 'A Lot!' Towards Developing More Generalized Speech Recognition System for Accessible Communication," was recently published at the 38th Association of the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Conference on AI. 

Although fielding job offers, Agarwal has decided to stay the course of research and entrepreneurship. Upon graduation, Agarwal will work at an AI startup as an engineer in the founding team and will continue at UC Davis as a visiting researcher. 

He also plans to pursue graduate school in the future and continue to serve his community through teaching and research. 

"I wanted to get into research because it is the creation of knowledge. I find value in the fact that I am finding things and creating knowledge that did not exist before me, and I can use that knowledge to serve the people and the community around me. It's in line with my parents' teachings and the idea of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam: the Earth is but one family."

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Stocks stagnant, dollar firm ahead of Fed; crypto climbs

Stocks drooped and the dollar held firm on Tuesday as investors awaited minutes of the Federal Reserve's policy meeting, due Wednesday, for clues as to the timing and extent of possible interest rate cuts this year.