greenhouse farming business plan pdf

Greenhouse Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Greenhouse Business Plan

Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 1,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their greenhouse farms. On this page, we will first give you some background information with regards to the importance of business planning. We will then go through a greenhouse business plan template step-by-step so you can create your plan today.

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What is a Greenhouse Business Plan?

A business plan provides a snapshot of your greenhouse business as it stands today, and lays out your growth plan for the next five years. It explains your business goals and your strategy for reaching them. It also includes market research to support your plans.

Why You Need a Business Plan for a Greenhouse Business

If you’re looking to start a new greenhouse business or grow your existing greenhouse farming business, you need a business plan. A business plan will help you raise funding, if needed, and plan out the growth of your greenhouse business in order to improve your chances of success. Your greenhouse farming business plan is a living document that should be updated annually as your company grows and changes.

Sources of Funding for Greenhouse Businesses

With regards to funding, the main sources of funding for a greenhouse farming business are personal savings, credit cards, bank loans and angel investors. With regards to bank loans, banks will want to review your business plan and gain confidence that you will be able to repay your loan and interest. To acquire this confidence, the loan officer will not only want to confirm that your financials are reasonable, but they will also want to see a professional plan. Such a plan will give them the confidence that you can successfully and professionally operate a business. Personal savings and bank loans are the most common funding paths for greenhouse farming businesses.

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How to write a business plan for greenhouse farming.

If you want to start a greenhouse farming business or expand your current one, you need a business plan. Below we detail what you should include in each section of your own business plan:

Executive Summary

Your executive summary provides an introduction to your business plan, but it is normally the last section you write because it provides a summary of each key section of your plan.

The goal of your Executive Summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the type of greenhouse business you are operating and the status. For example, are you a startup, do you have a greenhouse business that you would like to grow or expand into a new market, or are you operating a chain of greenhouses?

Next, provide an overview of each of the subsequent sections of your plan. For example, give a brief overview of the greenhouse industry. Discuss the type of greenhouse farming business you are operating. Detail your direct competitors. Give an overview of your target customers. Provide a snapshot of your marketing plan. Identify the key members of your team. And offer an overview of your financial plan.  

Company Analysis

In your company analysis, you will detail the type of greenhouse farming business you are operating.

For example, you might operate one of the following types of greenhouse businesses:

• Flower Greenhouse : this type of greenhouse business focuses on growing flowers to sell, either to flower shops and other businesses or direct-to-consumer.
• Vegetable Greenhouse: this type of business focuses on growing vegetables to sell to various grocers and markets, restaurants, or direct-to-consumer at farmer’s markets.
• Potted Plant Greenhouse: this type of greenhouse propagates and grows potted plants to sell, either to plant shops and nurseries or direct-to-consumer.

In addition to explaining the type of greenhouse business you will operate, the Company Analysis section of your business plan needs to provide background on the business.

Include answers to question such as:

• When and why did you start the business?
• What milestones have you achieved to date? Milestones could include the number of clients served, number of positive reviews, total number of plants sold, etc.
• Your legal structure. Are you incorporated as an S-Corp? An LLC? A sole proprietorship? Explain your legal structure here.

Industry Analysis

In your industry analysis, you need to provide an overview of the greenhouse industry.

While this may seem unnecessary, it serves multiple purposes.

First, researching the greenhouse industry educates you. It helps you understand the market in which you are operating.

Secondly, market research can improve your strategy, particularly if your research identifies market trends.

The third reason for market research is to prove to readers that you are an expert in your industry. By conducting the research and presenting it in your plan, you achieve just that.

The following questions should be answered in the industry analysis section:

• How big is the greenhouse industry (in dollars)?
• Is the market declining or increasing?
• Who are the key competitors in the market?
• Who are the key suppliers in the market?
• What trends are affecting the industry?
• What is the industry’s growth forecast over the next 5 – 10 years?
• What is the relevant market size? That is, how big is the potential market for your greenhouse farming business? You can extrapolate such a figure by assessing the size of the market in the entire country and then applying that figure to your local population.

Customer Analysis

The customer analysis section must detail the customers you serve and/or expect to serve.

The following are examples of customer segments: consumers, flower shops, plant shops, grocers and farmer’s markets.

As you can imagine, the customer segment(s) you choose will have a great impact on the type of greenhouse business you operate. Clearly, private consumers would respond to different marketing promotions than grocery stores, for example.

Try to break out your target customers in terms of their demographic and psychographic profiles. With regards to demographics, include a discussion of the ages, genders, locations and income levels of the customers you seek to serve. Because most greenhouse businesses primarily serve customers living in their same region, such demographic information is easy to find on government websites.

Psychographic profiles explain the wants and needs of your target customers. The more you can understand and define these needs, the better you will do in attracting and retaining your customers.

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Competitive Analysis

Your competitive analysis should identify the indirect and direct competitors your business faces and then focus on the latter.

Direct competitors are other greenhouse businesses.

Indirect competitors are other options that customers have to purchase from that aren’t direct competitors. This includes plant shops, flower marts and farmer’s markets.

With regards to direct competition, you want to describe the other greenhouse farming businesses with which you compete. Most likely, your direct competitors will be greenhouses located very close to your location.

For each such competitor, provide an overview of their businesses and document their strengths and weaknesses. Unless you once worked at your competitors’ businesses, it will be impossible to know everything about them. But you should be able to find out key things about them such as:

• What types of customers do they serve?
• What types of plants do they propagate, grow and sell?
• What is their pricing (premium, low, etc.)?
• What are they good at?
• What are their weaknesses?

With regards to the last two questions, think about your answers from the customers’ perspective. And don’t be afraid to ask your competitors’ customers what they like most and least about them.

The final part of your competitive analysis section is to document your areas of competitive advantage. For example:

• Will you provide better flowers, vegetables or other plants, organic options or quantity?
• Will you provide services that your competitors don’t offer?
• Will you provide better customer service?
• Will you offer better pricing?

Think about ways you will outperform your competition and document them in this section of your plan.  

Marketing Plan

Traditionally, a marketing plan includes the four P’s: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. For a greenhouse, your marketing plan should include the following:

Product : In the product section, you should reiterate the type of greenhouse company that you documented in your Company Analysis. Then, detail the specific products you will be offering. For example, in addition to your greenhouse harvest, will you offer educational services, plant supplies or any other products or services?

Price : Document the prices you will offer and how they compare to your competitors. Essentially in the product and price sub-sections of your marketing plan, you are presenting the services you offer and their prices.

Place : Place refers to the location of your greenhouse company. Document your location and mention how the location will impact your success. For example, is your greenhouse farming business located in a busy retail district, shopping plaza, a property with expansion potential, etc. Discuss how your location might be the ideal location for your customers.

Promotions : The final part of your greenhouse marketing plan is the promotions section. Here you will document how you will drive customers to your location(s). The following are some promotional methods you might consider:

• Advertising in local papers and magazines
• Reaching out to local websites
• Social media marketing
• Local radio advertising

Operations Plan

While the earlier sections of your greenhouse business plan explained your goals, your operations plan describes how you will meet them. Your operations plan should have two distinct sections as follows.

Everyday short-term processes include all of the tasks involved in running your greenhouse business, including propagating and tending plants, harvesting, maintenance equipment, making deliveries and meeting with potential customers.

Long-term goals are the milestones you hope to achieve. These could include the dates when you expect to sell your 1,000th plant, retain X customers or when you hope to reach $X in revenue. It could also be when you expect to expand your greenhouse farming business to a new location or city.  

Management Team

To demonstrate your greenhouse business’ ability to succeed, a strong management team is essential. Highlight your key players’ backgrounds, emphasizing those skills and experiences that prove their ability to grow a company.

Ideally you and/or your team members have direct experience in managing greenhouse farming businesses. If so, highlight this experience and expertise. But also highlight any experience that you think will help your business succeed.

If your team is lacking, consider assembling an advisory board. An advisory board would include 2 to 8 individuals who would act like mentors to your business. They would help answer questions and provide strategic guidance. If needed, look for advisory board members with experience in managing greenhouses or successfully running small businesses.  

Financial Plan

Your financial plan should include your 5-year financial statement broken out both monthly or quarterly for the first year and then annually. Your financial statements include your income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statements.

Income Statement

An income statement is more commonly called a Profit and Loss statement or P&L. It shows your revenues and then subtracts your costs to show whether you turned a profit or not.

In developing your income statement, you need to devise assumptions. For example, will you acquire one new customer per month or per quarter? And will sales grow by 2% or 10% per year? As you can imagine, your choice of assumptions will greatly impact the financial forecasts for your business. As much as possible, conduct research to try to root your assumptions in reality.

Balance Sheets

Balance sheets show your assets and liabilities. While balance sheets can include much information, try to simplify them to the key items you need to know about. For instance, if you spend $50,000 on building out your greenhouse farming business, this will not give you immediate profits. Rather it is an asset that will hopefully help you generate profits for years to come. Likewise, if a bank writes you a check for $50,000, you don’t need to pay it back immediately. Rather, that is a liability you will pay back over time.

Cash Flow Statement

Your cash flow statement will help determine how much money you need to start or grow your business, and make sure you never run out of money. What most entrepreneurs and business owners don’t realize is that you can turn a profit but run out of money and go bankrupt.

In developing your Income Statement and Balance Sheets be sure to include several of the key costs needed in starting or growing a greenhouse farming business:

• Location build-out including design fees, construction, etc.
• Cost of equipment and supplies
• Payroll or salaries paid to staff
• Business insurance
• Taxes and permits
• Legal expenses

Attach your full financial projections in the appendix of your plan along with any supporting documents that make your plan more compelling. For example, you might include your operations location lease or blueprints of the greenhouse you are working on.  

Putting together a business plan for your greenhouse is a worthwhile endeavor. If you follow the template above, by the time you are done, you will truly be an expert. You will really understand the greenhouse industry, your competition, and your customers. You will have developed a marketing plan and will really understand what it takes to launch and grow a successful greenhouse farming business.  

Greenhouse Business Plan FAQs

What is the easiest way to complete my greenhouse business plan.

Growthink's Ultimate Business Plan Template allows you to quickly and easily complete your Greenhouse Business Plan.

What is the Goal of a Business Plan's Executive Summary?

The goal of your Executive Summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the type of greenhouse business you are operating and the status; for example, are you a startup, do you have a greenhouse business that you would like to grow, or are you operating a chain of greenhouse businesses?

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Greenhouse Business Plan Template

Published Jun.10, 2021

Updated Apr.23, 2024

By: Noor Muhammad

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Table of Content

Greenhouse business plan for starting your own business

If you are looking to start a new business, one that can be profitable always, without being impacted by any external factor, this business plan for green house is what you need. As long as there are humans on this planet, they’ll need to eat and that’s the reason this field can never go out of business.

This business will be even more profitable for ones who own their own land and don’t have to lease it. Making it the best business plan for landlord . Let’s now see how to write a business plan for a greenhouse so that you can enter this business and make money.

 Executive Summary

2.1 the business.

Candyland Greenhouse will be a registered and licensed greenhouse farming company in Ohio, USA. This business will be used as an example of starting greenhouse business plan. The aim of this business will be to provide all greenhouse crops to the state.

2.2 Management of Greenhouse Business

Before you learn more about how to start a greenhouse business, you need to learn how the business will be managed. The greenhouse business start up will be owned and presided by John Candy. He will hire three managers for operations, liaison, and procurement to handle the day-to-day operations of the greenhouse.

The supreme authority in the business will reside with John Candy himself. Any matter of significant importance must be brought to his notice. This business plan and management structure of the farm is created by professional business plan writers and is designed to be applicable to any greenhouse business in any part of the world. One thing must be kept in mind that unlike a microbrewery business plan , this business will need a lot of starting capital.

2.3 Customers of Greenhouse Business

As greenhouses produce food, everyone with a beating heart is technically a customer. We will be providing our products to the following customers:

• Retail customers.
• Grocery stores.
• Restaurants.
• Supermarkets.

2.4 Business Target

The business target we have set for this venture are the following:

• Starting to generate a revenue of more than $201,161 by year 2.
• Expanding to two other states by year 5.

 Company Summary

3.1 company owner.

The owner of this vegetable greenhouse business plan, will be John Candy. John is an agriculture engineer and has been providing consultancy services for progressive farming for the last 10 years. He has immense interest in new farming techniques, and the capital needed to start the business.

3.2 Why the Greenhouse Farming Business is being started.

The reason John is starting this business is that there is a serious gap between the supply and demand of greenhouse crops in the area. People go through a lot of trouble just to get non-seasonal veggies and fruits and can only get them in frozen form, fresh ones are not available.

This sample greenhouse business plan aims to target this market gap and make a lot of money while we are at it. Let’s now explore more details of this greenhouse farming business plan doc. Before that, if you want to get into the food business here’s a seafood restaurant business plan .

3.3 How the Greenhouse Business will be started.

Step1: Planning

The first step of starting this business will be planning. We need to make a solid plan starting from where the farm will be located to the buyers, we’ll be supplying the product to. All the planning aspects of the business will be discussed in this greenhouse farming business plan.

Step2: Building a Brand

One of the main practical things to do, one which needs to be started even before the physical structure of the farm comes into existence is the brand building.

Step3: Establish Your Corporate Office

Jack decided to rent a building in Manhattan to establish his business office. He will procure the latest cleaning equipment and inventory to set his business. Just like a gourmet food store business plan , we need to make sure that we have a brand that people know before we actually start the business.

Step4: Going Online

As people tend to buy a lot of stuff online, we’ll be offering our products on our online store. For this, an e-commerce website and social media pages will be created.

Step5: Promote and Market

Lastly, we’ll promote our brand via all advertisement channels so that people know the name.

The next big thing that we need to discuss in this organic greenhouse business plan is the services we will be providing. This is necessary to complete this greenhouse business example. The thing that we need to be clear on before actually starting greenhouse business is that this is more of a products business than a services one. All the services provided by this business will be based on the products that we will provide to the customers.

The main services that we will provide after opening a greenhouse business will be the following:

• Organic Food Provision

We will be providing organic food delivery services to businesses as well as individual customers. As the trend of organic food is on the rise, this will help us make a lot of money.

• Non-Seasonal Veggies Provision

This is one of the most obvious services for the greenhouse. We will grow and supply veggies that are not in the season and this will be another of the main income streams for the business.

• Exotic Fruits

Another of the services of this greenhouse business plan example will be exotic fruits. We will grow and supply fresh exotic fruits, something that is not available on the market.

• Farm Outlet Shop

Last, but not the least, we will establish a farm outlet and provide all our product for sale there.

These are just the services we are providing as a starting point of our greenhouse business plan template and we will add more services later.

Let’s now see more aspects of this tomato greenhouse business plan pdf.

 Marketing Analysis of Greenhouse Business

Marketing analysis is the name given to the extensive research of the market you are about to enter. This organic greenhouse business plan covers this aspect too. This is very important for starting greenhouse business because any business started without proper research of the market fails miserably. Opening a greenhouse business is not a big deal but if you want to make it profitable, you need to know the market inside out.

One thing can be safely assumed in this greenhouse business plan example and that is; the greenhouse business is not going anywhere anytime soon. People no longer want to be bound to eating just the seasonal vegetables. If we can create a way of providing all vegetables all-year-long, sky is the limit for us. Just like a distillery business plan , this business has a very low chance of failure.

Business plan for investors

5.1 market trends.

If we have a look at the size and growth rate of this industry, it is mind boggling. The greenhouse industry was worth $17 billion in 2019 in USA alone. It is expected to show a combined annual growth rate of a whopping 10%. This means that in just 5 years from now this industry will be worth over $50 billion dollar.

That is the kind of growth that you do not see everywhere. Now is the time to enter this industry and make money while we can. Like we said in the brewery business plan , such opportunities are rare, and you need to catch them if you can.

5.2 Marketing Segmentation

The market segmentation of the greenhouse farming business will be the following:

5.2.1 Retail customers

These will be the people who want to buy the products for their personal use. We will open a farm shop just outside the farm to cater the needs of these customers. The size of these sales will be small, but the large number of sales will make up for it.

5.2.2 Retailers

Grocery stores and retailers will also be one of the market segments that we will be targeting. These will be our regular customers. We will offer this market segment discounted rates to make them our permanent customers and to advertise our name through them.

5.2.3 Restaurants

Restaurants that offer non-seasonal vegetable and fruit dishes and need fresh products for that will also be our customers. We will give them discounts to make them our long-term customers.

5.2.4 Supermarkets

Supermarkets that have fruit and vegetable stalls and need to have fresh fruits and vegetables for sale will also make a major segment of our target market.

5.3 Business Target

• To become the leading supplier of greenhouse products in the area.
• To expand to other states by the end of year 2.
• To experiment and improve the techniques of growing crops in a greenhouse.
• To be the leading greenhouse business in the USA by the end of year5.

5.4 Product Pricing

We will price our products a bit lower than the competitors to get permanent customers. Once we make a loyal customer base, we will then move on to competitive pricing.

 Marketing Strategy

If you really want to know how to open a greenhouse, one of the most important things to have is a strong marketing strategy for the business.  Your marketing strategy is what helps you get on top of the game and outperform the competition. Let’s see how to open a greenhouse business with a winning marketing strategy.

The marketing strategy we are adopting for this greenhouse business model is simple; make it known to everyone and offers products and services not given by any competitor.

6.1 Competitive Analysis

After an extensive research of the market, we’ve determined that Candyland Greenhouse will have the following competitive edges:

• No business is providing fresh non-seasonal fruits and vegetables in the area, and we will be the first one to do so.
• Exotic fruits being sold in the area are imported and are sold a week or so after being picked from the farms. We will provide fresh ones.
• Organic non-seasonal fruits and veggies are not available in the area and we will be the first company to provide these products.

6.2 Sales Strategy

• We will use multiple channels to advertise out products and services.
• We’ll arrange giveaways at the time of the launch to make it known to the potential customers that we provide quality products.
• We’ll provide a 25% discount on all cash orders for the first 2 months.

6.3 Sales Monthly

6.4 Sales Yearly

6.5 Sales Forecast

Personnel plan

The next important thing to mention in this business plan for greenhouse farming is the detail of the staff that will be needed to run the business. As agriculture is a labor-intensive business, we’ll have to hire quite a bit of staff for the farm to run smoothly. This is not a butcher shop business plan where you can make do with a couple of men.

7.1 Company Staff

• John Candy will be the CEO of the company.
• 3 Managers for operations, liaison, and procurement.
• 8 Farm workers.
• 1 Technician.
• 1 Accountants.
• 2 Shopkeepers for farm outlet
• 1 Software engineer for the online store and social media presence management.
• 3 Delivery drivers.
• 2 Security guards.

7.2 Average Salary of Employees

Financial plan.

A strong financial plan is also one of the very important things required to complete a commercial greenhouse business plan. This part of the business plan elaborates the costs that will be incurred by the owner of the business in order to start it and run it until it starts making profit.

The expenses will include:

• Money needed to buy the land for the greenhouse.
• Price of constructing the greenhouse.
• Running expenses of the farm before it starts making profit.
• Salaries of the employees for the first 6 months.
• Prices of delivery vehicles.
• Cost of setting up the outlet.

8.1 Important Assumptions

8.2 break-even analysis.

8.3 Projected Profit and Loss

8.3.1 profit monthly.

8.3.2 Profit Yearly

8.3.3 Gross Margin Monthly

8.3.4 Gross Margin Yearly

8.4 Projected Cash Flow

8.5 Projected Balance Sheet

8.6 business ratios.

Download Greenhouse Business Plan Sample in pdf

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How To Start A Greenhouse Vegetable Farming Business

The food and agribusiness industry is quite large and wields so many business opportunities. In Africa, for instance, it is postulated that in the next 10 years that industry is going to become worth as much as US$1 trillion. So there is no question about how this is a hit industry for aspiring entrepreneurs. On the farming side though there are some challenges emanating from climate change. Most areas are becoming increasingily hot and rainfall is now extremely erratic. This calls upon farmers to start considering farming methods that allow them to create and regulate their own growing environments. One way to do that is through vertical farming but we will not be focusing on that today. Rather we shall be discussing about greenhouse farming as a panacea to climate change. Vegetable farming (a component of horticulture) is a very strategic farming specialization these days too. So taking the two i.e. greenhouse farming and vegetable farming and combining them makes for a very profitable business venture. In this article we delve into how you can start such a business.

Key Requirements And Components

First and foremost it is essential to understand how a greenhouse functions. We shall just briefly explain that in layman terms for easy understanding. Greenhouses are meant to induce a certain microclimate in the enclosed growing area of the greenhouse. How does that happen? A greenhouse confines the air inside it thus barring it from interacting with the external environment. This achieved by the greenhouse cover which is move given to letting sunlight through as opposed to letting out what is emitted by the internal environment. This suggests that the most optimum microclimates for greenhouses are achieved during cold weather or seasons. Conversely, when it is hot measures must be put in place to regulate the microclimate since temperatures can become too high inside. All this means you must know and understand the thermal requirements of the various vegetables so that you know how to create the optimum environment for them.

In the light of the above you must understand that regulating the microclimate can be costly due to the specialized equipment or systems needed. As a rule of thumb there are guidelines to aid you in knowing how to handle your microclimate. Supposing your location is inland it is recommended that optimum microclimate temperature falls between 12 and 17 degrees Celsius. For those in locations in coast lands then temperatures must range from 12 to 22 degrees Celsius. So what does this mean? If you are in any of those locations and your microclimate temperatures do not fall in those ranges then you must regulate it. You would have to use cooling or heating systems and in some cases ventilation systems.

Greenhouses can be plastic or glass-based though the plastic option tends to be cheaper. There is also now a steady increased use of net screens instead of glass or plastic. In fact, when net screens are used some term them screenhouses.

It is important to note that the climate of your earmarked location plays a determinant role in how you will build the greenhouse(s). When choosing a location for the greenhouse ensure that it is well exposed to natural light meaning that there should be no shadows casting themselves on it. It is especially advised that if your location is characterized by a harsh natural climate then greenhouse farming might not be ideal. It would not be ideal from a cost perspective because you would have to install expensive equipment and systems to create the right microclimate.The availability of a reliable water source is mandatory since irrigation is crucial here. Proximity to key services such as road networks, coms infrastructure, electricity and so on – this must be in order.

Some of the common vegetable crops for greenhouse farming are tomatoes, watermelons, cucumbers, and green beans, onions amongst others. The reason why these are commonly grown is because their thermal requirements are intermediate thus making them most suited to most environments.

Make Sure You Have A Comprehensive Greenhouse Farming Business Plan

The failure to plan is the beginning of business failure. The greenhouse farming business plan must be clear and succinct enough to give your potential partners, clients and investors an overview of what your objectives are. At the same time, it must be detailed enough to explain the operations of the business that you propose. At the very minimum you need to have the following included in your greenhouse farming business plan:

• The mission, vision and operational strategy
• Market Analysis And Customer Segmentation
• A business case showing that the business is financial viable and sustainable
• A marketing and customer care plan
• An organizational chart and human resource policy
• A three-year expansion outlook
• A risk and rewards Analysis

Human Capital

Scale of production and the amount of crop care required have a bearing on how many workers are required. The level of automation is also a key determinant in this regard. So your human resources needs shall vary because of these and other related factors.

Financial Capital

The financial capital element is not black and white due to the many factors at play. Generally, every entrepreneur always wants to keep costs at bay to maximize on profits. However, in greenhouse farming low costs tends to also mean low yields. Here is the thing; there are two main approaches to microclimate regulation i.e. passive or active. Passive regulation of the microclimate entails low costs because there is no sophisticated equipment or systems installed. Whereas the active approach involves such installations thus pushing costs up. If you are to grow your vegetables throughout the whole year then active microclimate regulation is the way to go. It also involves high and consistent yields and crop quality. So you really have to muse over these dynamics and choose which path you want to take. Still you can always start small and scale up steadily over time.

The vegetable market is inexhaustibly large and ever-growing. Especially if you conduct your greenhouse vegetable farming well you will realize high quality vegetables that will fetch high value and will be much sought-after. The types of clients are plenty spanning from individuals to commercial outlets such supermarkets, restaurants and the like.

This is a very technical and lengthy subject matter so you are encouraged to research more. You can also learn quite a lot from established players in this field. All the same we are confident this article will help you in big way as you endeavour to start your own greenhouse vegetable farming business.

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How to Start a Farm: Plan Your Operation

Think about your operation from the ground up and start planning for your business.  A good farm business plan is your roadmap to start-up, profitability, and growth, and provides the foundation for your conversation with USDA about how our programs can complement your operation. 

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Why you need a farm business plan.

A comprehensive business plan is an important first step for any size business, no matter how simple or complex. You should create a strong business plan because it:

• Will help you get organized . It will help you to remember all of the details and make sure you are taking all of the necessary steps.
• Will act as your guide . It will help you to think carefully about why you want to farm or ranch and what you want to achieve in the future. Over time, you can look back at your business plan and determine whether you are achieving your goals.
• Is required to get a loan . In order to get an FSA loan, a guarantee on a loan made by a commercial lender, or a land contract, you need to create a detailed business plan . Lenders look closely at business plans to determine if you can afford to repay the loan.

How USDA Can Help

Whether you need a good get-started guide, have a plan that you would like to verify, or have a plan you’re looking to update for your next growth phase, USDA can help connect you to resources to help your decisions.

Your state's beginning farmer and rancher coordinator  can connect you to local resources in your community to help you establish a successful business plan. Reach out to your state's coordinator for one-on-one technical assistance and guidance. They can also connect you with organizations that specifically serve beginning farmers and ranchers.

It is important to know that no single solution fits everyone, and you should research, seek guidance, and make the best decision for your operation according to your own individual priorities.

Build a Farm Business Plan

There are many different styles of business plans. Some are written documents; others may be a set of worksheets that you complete. No matter what format you choose, several key aspects of your operation are important to consider.

Use the guidelines below to draft your business plan. Answering these kinds of questions in detail will help you create and develop your final business plan. Once you have a business plan for your operation, prepare for your visit to a USDA service center. During your visit, we can help you with the necessary steps to register your business and get access to key USDA programs.

Business History

Are you starting a new farm or ranch, or are you already in business? If you are already in business:

• What products do you produce?
• What is the size of your operation?
• What agricultural production and financial management training or experience do you, your family members, or your business partners have?
• How long have you been in business?

Mission, Vision, and Goals

This is your business. Defining your mission, vision and goals is crucial to the success of your business. These questions will help provide a basis for developing other aspects of your business plan.

• What values are important to you and the operation as a whole?
• What short- and long-term goals do you have for your operation?
• How do you plan to start, expand, or change your operation?
• What plans do you have to make your operation efficient or more profitable ?
• What type of farm or ranch model (conventional, sustainable, organic, or alternative agricultural practices) do you plan to use?

Organization and Management

Starting your own business is no small feat. You will need to determine how your business will be structured and organized, and who will manage (or help manage) your business. You will need to be able to convey this to others who are involved as well.

• What is the legal structure of your business? Will it be a sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, trust, limited liability company, or other type of entity?
• What help will you need in operating and managing your farm or ranch?
• What other resources, such as a mentor or community-based organization , do you plan to use?

Marketing is a valuable tool for businesses. It can help your businesses increase brand awareness, engagement and sales. It is important to narrow down your target audience and think about what you are providing that others cannot.

• What are you going to produce ?
• Who is your target consumer ?
• Is there demand for what you are planning to produce?
• What is the cost of production?
• How much will you sell it for and when do you expect to see profit ?
• How will you get your product to consumers ? What are the transportation costs and requirements?
• How will you market your products?
• Do you know the relevant federal, state, and local food safety regulations? What licensing do you need for your operation?

Today there are many types of land, tools, and resources to choose from. You will need to think about what you currently have and what you will need to obtain to achieve your goals.

• What resources do you have or will you need for your business?
• Do you already have access to farmland ? If not, do you plan to lease, rent, or purchase land?
• What equipment do you need?
• Is the equipment and real estate that you own or rent adequate to conduct your operation? If not, how do you plan to address those needs?
• Will you be implementing any conservation practices to sustain your operation?
• What types of workers will you need to operate the farm?
• What additional resources do you need?

Now that you have an idea of what you are going to provide and what you will need to run your operation you will need to consider the finances of your operation.

• How will you finance the business?
• What are your current assets (property or investments you own) and liabilities (debts, loans, or payments you owe)?
• Will the income you generate be sufficient to pay your operating expenses, living expenses, and loan payments?
• What other sources of income are available to supplement your business income?
• What business expenses will you incur?
• What family living expenses do you pay?
• What are some potential risks or challenges you foresee for your operation? How will you manage those risks?
• How will you measure the success of your business?

Farm Business Plan Worksheets

The Farm Business Plan Balance Sheet can help gather information for the financial and operational aspects of your plan.

Form FSA-2037 is a template that gathers information on your assets and liabilities like farm equipment, vehicles and existing loans.

• FSA-2037 - Farm Business Plan - Balance Sheet
• FSA-2037 Instructions

Planning for Conservation and Risk Management

Another key tool is a conservation plan, which determines how you want to improve the health of your land. A conservation plan can help you lay out your plan to address resource needs, costs and schedules.

USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) staff are available at your local USDA Service Center to help you develop a conservation plan for your land based on your goals. NRCS staff can also help you explore conservation programs and initiatives, such as the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) .

Conservation in Agriculture

Crop insurance, whole farm revenue protection and other resources can help you prepare for unforeseen challenges like natural disasters.

Disaster Recovery

Special Considerations

Special considerations for businesses.

There are different types of farm businesses each with their own unique considerations. Determine what applies to your operation.

• Organic Farming  has unique considerations. Learn about organic agriculture , organic certification , and the  Organic Certification Cost Share Program  to see if an organic business is an option for you. NRCS also has resources for organic producers and offers assistance to develop a conservation plan.
• Urban Farming  has special opportunities and restrictions. Learn how USDA can help farmers in urban spaces .
• Value-Added Products . The Agricultural Marketing Resource Center (AgMRC) is a national virtual resource center for value-added agricultural groups.
• Cooperative.  If you are interested in starting a cooperative, USDA’s Rural Development Agency (RD) has helpful resources to help you begin . State-based  Cooperative Development Centers , partially funded by RD, provide technical assistance and education on starting a cooperative.

Special Considerations for Individuals

Historically Underserved Farmers and Ranchers: We offer help for the unique concerns of producers who meet the USDA definition of "historically underserved,"  which includes farmers who are:

• socially disadvantaged
• limited resource
• military veterans

Women: Learn about specific incentives, priorities, and set asides for  women in agriculture within USDA programs.

Heirs' Property Landowners: If you inherited land without a clear title or documented legal ownership, learn how USDA can help Heirs’ Property Landowners gain access to a variety of programs and services

Business Planning

Creating a good business plan takes time and effort. The following are some key resources for planning your business.

• Farm Answers from the University of Minnesota features a library of how-to resources and guidance, a directory of beginning farmer training programs, and other sources of information in agriculture. The library includes business planning guides such as a Guide to Developing a Business Plan for Farms and Rural Businesses and an Example Business Plan .
• The Small Business Administration (SBA) offers information about starting, managing, and transitioning a business.

SCORE is a nonprofit organization with a network of volunteers who have experience in running and managing businesses. The Score Mentorship Program partners with USDA to provide:

• Free, local support and resources, including business planning help, financial guidance, growth strategies.
• Mentorship through one-on-one business coaching -- in-person, online, and by phone.
• Training from subject matter experts with agribusiness experience.
• Online resources and step-by-step outlines for business strategies.
• Learn more about the program through the Score FAQ .

Training Opportunities

Attend field days, workshops, courses, or formal education programs to build necessary skills to ensure you can successfully produce your selected farm products and/or services. Many local and regional agricultural organizations, including USDA and Cooperative Extension, offer training to beginning farmers.

• Cooperative Extension  offices address common issues faced by agricultural producers, and conduct workshops and educational events for the agricultural community.
• extension.org  is an online community for the Cooperative Extension program where you can find publications and ask experts for advice.

Now that you have a basic plan for your farm operation, prepare for your visit to a USDA service center.

2. Visit Your USDA Service Center

How to Start a Farm with USDA

Get an  overview of the beginning farmer's journey  or jump to a specific page below.

Find Your Local Service Center

USDA Service Centers are locations where you can connect with Farm Service Agency, Natural Resources Conservation Service, or Rural Development employees for your business needs. Enter your state and county below to find your local service center and agency offices. If this locator does not work in your browser, please visit offices.usda.gov.

Learn more about our Urban Service Centers . Visit the Risk Management Agency website to find a regional or compliance office  or to find an insurance agent near you.

Hydroponic Greenhouse Farm Business Plan [Sample Template]

By: Author Tony Martins Ajaero

Home » Business ideas » Agriculture Industry » Crop Cultivation » Greenhouse Farming

Are you about starting a hydroponics greenhouse farm? If YES, here is a complete sample hydroponics farming business plan template & feasibility report you can use for FREE .

Okay, so we have considered all the requirements for starting a hydroponics farming business . We also took it further by analyzing and drafting a sample hydroponics farm marketing plan template backed up by actionable guerrilla marketing ideas for hydroponics farming businesses. So let’s proceed to the business planning section.

One of the good trades that one can look into starting is that hydroponics crop farming. This is a viable business that one who is well focused can do well in. In starting this business, adequate market research have got to be carried out. This is so that you do not launch into the industry haphazardly and that might be actually disastrous in the long run.

So after undertaking a thorough research, the next thing that you may consider tinkering with might be in the area of drawing up a detailed business plan. Business plans are like maps, and they help you with charting a great deal of business course for you.

Nonetheless, writing a business plan might not come too easy as you will be required to do a whole lot of work underground. This is one of the reasons why a business plan has been drawn up for you. Here below is a sample hydroponic business plan for your use;

A Sample Hydroponic Greenhouse Farm Business Plan Template

1. industry overview.

Hydroponics crop farming is line of farming that is classified under hydro – culture; it is a technique of cultivating crops by making use of mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without the support of soil.

As a matter of fact, crops that are basically cultivated on terrestrial soil can successfully be grown with their roots in the mineral solution only, or in a torpid medium, such as perlite or gravel. Basically, the nutrients in hydroponics farming can be generated from fish waste, normal nutrients, or duck manure et al.

Basically, players in the Hydroponics crop farming industry engage in growing plants by using mineral nutrient solutions in water, without soil. Farmers in this industry generally grow food crops under glass or protective cover.

A close observation of the Hydroponic Crop Farming industry shows that the revenue generated in the industry has maintained positive growth due to the fact that more people are embracing this type of farming. In recent time, a growing number of households shifted to healthy eating and consuming organic produce, resulting in high demand from hydroponics farmers.

So as well, extreme weather conditions usually damaged many crops for fresh field farmers, hence grocery stores and farmers markets quickly turned to hydroponic farmers to meet their supplies demand. As revenue and downstream demand continue to expand, the number of hydroponics crop farmers is projected to grow.

As a matter of fact, it is observed that most hydroponics crop farmers will focus exclusively on growing organic fruits and vegetables to help meet the demand of groceries stores and fresh food markets.

The Hydroponic Crop Farming Industry is indeed a fast growing industry and pretty much active in countries such as united states of America, Japan, China, Germany, and Singapore et al. The companies that has dominate market share in the industry are Nature – sweet, Village Farm and Houweling’s.

Statistics has it that in the United States of America alone, there are about 2,307 registered and licensed Hydroponics farming – companies responsible for employing about 7,939 and the industry rakes in a whooping sum of $848 million annually. The industry is projected to enjoy 5.3 percent annual growth.

Research conducted by IBISWORLD shows that, the Hydroponic Crop Farming industry is in the growth stage of its life cycle because of its increasing number of participants, high industry value added (IVA) and rapid growth of customer acceptance.

The report also stated that the industry value-added is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 3.6 percent from 2011 to 2022, which is about the same rate as US GDP growth during the same period, slated to grow at an annualized 2.3 percent during the period.

In addition to steady contribution to the nation’s GDP, industry participation is also increasing, which typically signals a growing industry. In the 10 years to 2022, the total number of industry operators is expected to increase at an average annual rate of 5.7 percent,

One thing is certain about hydroponics crop farming, if you are able to conduct your market research and feasibility studies, you are more likely not going to struggle to sell your farm produce because there are always groceries stores, food processing companies and consumers out there who are ready to buy from you.

2. Executive Summary

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is a registered and licensed agro – allied company that will be based in the outskirt of Springfield Illinois – United States. We have done our detailed market research and feasibility studies and we were able to secure 15 hectares of land to start our hydroponics crop farming. Our hydroponics crop farming business is a going to be standard commercial farms.

At Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC we will be involved in the cultivation of organic crops such as; cucumbers, shallots, tomatoes, lettuce, chilies, capsicum, red salad onions and snow peas, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, basil, roses, tomatoes, okra, cantaloupe and bell peppers, watercress, basil, coriander, parsley, lemongrass, sage, beans, peas, kohlrabi, taro, radishes, strawberries, melons, onions, turnips, parsnips, sweet potato, cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli, and eggplant as well as the choys that are used for stir fries.

Aside from the cultivation of crops via hydroponics farming method, we have plans to start our own standard food processing and packaging plant and also start exporting our agriculture produce to other parts of the world. This is why aside from the fact that we’ve secured the required space (farming land) and most of the farming equipment and machines, we have also hired some key employees who are currently undergoing training so as to be able to fit into the ideal picture of the 21st century hydroponics business workforce that we want to build.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is in the hydroponics crops farming business because we want to leverage on the vast opportunities available and advancement in the agriculture industry, to contribute our quota in growing the U.S. economy, in national food production, raw materials production for industries, to export agriculture farm produce from the United States to other countries and over and above to make profit.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is well positioned to become one of the leading hydroponics crops farms in the United States of America, which is why we have been able to source for the best hands and machines to run the business with. We have put process and strategies in place that will help us employ best practices when it comes to hydroponics farming processes and food processing and packaging as required by the regulating bodies in the United States of America.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is a private registered agro – allied company that is owned by Dr. Campbell Hezekiah and his immediate family members. The company will be fully and single handedly managed by the owner – Dr. Campbell Hezekiah and his immediate family members at least for a period of time.

Before starting Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC, Dr. Campbell Hezekiah was the Head of a renowned Agriculture Research Institute in The U.S. he worked in the industry for well over 20 years before resigning to start his own hydroponics business.

3. Our Products and Services

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is an agro – allied company that will be involved in hydroponics crop farming for both the United States’ market and the global market. We are in business to produce organic vegetable and fresh fruits in commercial quantities. We will also ensure that we operate a standard food processing and packaging plant as part of our complimentary business.

We will ensure that we do all that is permitted by the law in the United States of America to maximize profits and achieve our business goals and objectives. These are the areas we will concentrate on in our hydroponics crop farms. If need arises we will definitely add more agriculture produce to our list;

• Hydroponic greenhouse tomato farming
• Hydroponic greenhouse cucumber farming
• Hydroponic greenhouse bell pepper farming
• Other hydroponic greenhouse vegetable farming
• Hydroponic greenhouse fruit production

4. Our Mission and Vision Statement

Our Vision is to become one of the top 10 hydroponics crop farm brand not just in the United States of America but also on the global stage.

Our mission statement as a hydroponics crops farm is to go into full – time commercial cultivation of vegetables and fruits that will not only be consumed in the United States of America, but also exported to other parts of the world. We want our processed food to flood the nooks and crannies of the United States and other countries of the world.

Our Business Structure

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is a hydroponics crop farming business that intend starting small in Springfield – Illinois, but hope to grow big in order to compete favorably with leading hydroponics crop farms in the industry both in the United States and on a global stage.

We are aware of the importance of building a solid business structure that can support the picture of the kind of world class business we want to own. This is why we are committed to only hire the best hands within our area of operations.

At Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC, we will ensure that we hire people that are qualified, hardworking, creative, customer centric and are ready to work to help us build a prosperous business that will benefit all the stake holders (the owners, workforce, and customers).

As a matter of fact, profit-sharing arrangement will be made available to all our senior management staff and it will be based on their performance for a period of five years or more as agreed by the board of trustees of the company. In view of the above, we have decided to hire qualified and competent hands to occupy the following positions;

• Chief Operating Officer

General Farm Manager

Administrator / Accountant

• Crop (Vegetable) Cultivation Manager / Supervisor
• Sales and Marketing Executive
• Front Desk Officer

5. Job Roles and Responsibilities

Chief Executive Officer – CEO:

• Increases management’s effectiveness by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising job results; developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions; providing educational opportunities.
• Responsible for providing direction for the business
• Creates, communicates, and implements the organization’s vision, mission, and overall direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall organization’s strategy.
• Responsible for signing checks and documents on behalf of the company
• Evaluates the success of the organization
• Responsible for the planning, management and coordinating all farm activities across the various sections on behalf of the organization
• Supervises other section manager
• Ensures compliance during project executions
• Providing advice on the management of farming activities across all section
• Responsible for carrying out risk assessment
• Uses IT systems and software to keep track of people and progress of the growth of crops, fishes, birds and animals
• Responsible for overseeing the accounting, costing and sale of farm produce after harvest
• Represent the organization’s interest at various stakeholders meetings
• Ensures that farming goals desired result are achieved, the most efficient resources (manpower, equipment, tools and chemicals et al) are utilized and different interests involved are satisfied. Responsible for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
• Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of HR and administrative tasks for the organization
• Handles all financial transactions for the company
• Defines job positions for recruitment and managing interviewing process
• Carries out staff induction for new team members
• Responsible for training, evaluation and assessment of employees
• Oversees the smooth running of the daily farming activities across the various farming sections.
• Responsible for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
• Responsible for financial forecasting and risks analysis.
• Responsible for developing and managing financial systems and policies
• Responsible for administering payrolls
• Ensures compliance with taxation legislation
• Serves as internal auditor for the company

Crop (Vegetable and fruits) Cultivation Manager / Supervisor

• Responsible for managing the crop cultivation section of the hydroponics crop farm
• Handles hydroponic greenhouse tomato farming
• Handles hydroponic greenhouse cucumber farming
• Handles hydroponic greenhouse bell pepper farming
• Handles other hydroponic greenhouse vegetable farming
• Handles hydroponic greenhouse fruit production
• Supervises other workers within the department
• Work closely with the General Manager to achieve the organizations’ goals and objectives

Sales and Marketing Officer

• Identifies, prioritizes, and reaches out to new markets for our agriculture produce, processed food, new partners, and business opportunities within the agro –  allied industry
• Develops, executes and evaluates new plans for expanding increase sales of all our agriculture produce and processed foods
• Documents all customer contact and information.
• Represents the company in strategic meetings
• Helps to  increase sales and growth for the company

Front Desk / Customer’s Service Officer

• Welcomes clients and visitors by greeting them in person or on the telephone; answering or directing inquiries.
• Ensures that all contacts with clients (e-mail, walk-In center, SMS or phone) provides the client with a personalized customer service experience of the highest level
• Through interaction with clients on the phone, uses every opportunity to build client’s interest in the company’s farm produce
• Manages administrative duties assigned by the HR manager in an effective and timely manner
• Consistently stays abreast of any new information on the organizations’ products, promotional campaigns etc. to ensure accurate and helpful information is supplied to potential clients when they make enquiries

6. SWOT Analysis

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC do not intend to launch out with trial and error hence the need to conduct a proper SWOT analysis. We know that if we get it right from the onset, we would have succeeded in creating the foundation that will help us build a standard hydroponics crops farm that will favorably compete with leading commercial farms in the United States of America and in the rest part of the world when it comes to cultivating organic and non – organic crops.

As a world – class hydroponics crop farms, we look forward to maximizing our strength and opportunities and also to work around our weaknesses and threats. Here is a summary from the result of the SWOT analysis that was conducted on behalf of Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC;

Our strength as a hydroponics crops farm company is the fact that we have healthy relationships with loads of major players (agriculture merchants) in the agriculture industry; both suppliers and buyers within and outside of the United States. We have some of the latest hydroponics farming machines; tools and equipment that will help us cultivate crops in commercial quantities with less stress.

Aside from our relationship (network) and equipment, we can confidently boast that we have some the most experienced hands in the hydroponics crop farming line of business in the whole of Springfield – Illinois under our payroll.

Our weakness could be that we are a new hydroponics crop farming business in the United States, it might take some time for our organization to break into the market and gain acceptance especially from international markets in the already saturated and highly competitive agriculture industry; that is perhaps our major weakness. Another weakness is that we may not have the required cash to promote our business the way we would want to.

• Opportunities:

The opportunities that are available to us cannot be quantified, we know that everybody on planet earth eat vegetable and fruits which are our major farm produce. We are ready to take advantage of any opportunity that is available in the industry.

Just like any other business, one of the major threats that we are likely going to face is economic downturn. It is a fact that economic downturn affects purchasing / spending power. Another threat that may likely confront us is the arrival of a new hydroponics farm in same location where our target market exist and who may want to adopt same Business model like us.

7. MARKET ANALYSIS

• Market Trends

Generally, as hydroponics crop farming growing operations are less vulnerable to weather conditions, the industry’s business locations vary considerably from the broader Vegetable Farming industry. On the other hand, large- scale commercial hydroponic crop production still tends to be concentrated in temperate climates with all year- round sunshine, giving room for the best quality and highest profit margins.

In view of that, large hydroponic crops farms are predominately located in Pennsylvania, California, New York, Vermont and Wisconsin which make up about one half of this industry’s revenue, while comprising about a third of the farms.

It is on records that revenue for the hydroponics crop farming industry has maintained positive growth. This is so because in recent time, a growing number of individuals shifted to healthy eating and consuming organic produce, resulting in high demand. In addition, extreme weather conditions spoiled many crops for fresh field farmers, so grocery stores and farmers markets quickly turned to hydroponic farmers to meet their demand.

One of the common trends in the hydroponics crops farming line of business is that most players in the industry are no longer concentrating only on non – organic farming. They now find it easier to run both organic crop cultivation and non – organic crop cultivation. It is fact that despite that organic food are expensive, the sale for organic food is on the increase and it is indeed profitable.

8. Our Target Market

As you would expect, the target market of those who are the end consumer of hydroponics crops farm produce and also those who benefits from the business value chain of the agriculture industry is all encompassing; it is far – reaching.

Every household consumes produce from hydroponics crops farms be it vegetables, and fruits et al. So also a large chunk of manufacturing companies depends on hydroponics crops farms for some of their raw materials. In essence a hydroponic crops farmer should be able to sell his or her farm produce to as many people as possible.

We will ensure that we position our business to attract consumers of agriculture produce not just in the United States of America alone but also other parts of the world which is why we will be exporting some of our hydroponics crops farm produce either in raw form or processed form to other countries of the world.

Our Competitive Advantage

It is easier to find entrepreneur flocking towards an industry that is known to generate consistent income which is why there are more commercial farmers in the United States of America and of course in most parts of the world.

For example, Statistics has it that there were 2.2 million farms in the United States of America, covering an area of 922 million acres. These goes to show that there are appreciable numbers of farmers in the United States of America but that does not mean that there is stiffer competition in the industry.

As a matter of fact, entrepreneurs are encouraged by the government to embrace commercial farming. This is so because part of the success of any nation is her ability to cultivate her own food and also export foods to other nations of the world.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is fully aware that there are competitions when it comes to selling hydroponics cum commercial farm produce all over the globe, which is why we decided to carry out thorough research so as to know how to take advantage of the available market in the United States and in other parts of the world.

We have done our homework and we have been able to highlight some factors that will give us competitive advantage in the marketplace; some of the factors are effective and reliable farming processes that can help us sell our produce at competitive prices, good network and excellent relationship management.

Our competitive advantage lies in the power of our team; our workforce. We have a team of hardworking and highly proficient farmers, a team with excellent qualifications and experience in various niche areas in the agriculture industry. Aside from the synergy that exists in our carefully selected team members, we have some of the latest and efficient hydroponics crops farm machines and equipment and we will be guided by best practices in the industry.

Another competitive advantage that we are bringing to the industry is the fact that we have designed our business in such a way that we will operate an all – round standard hydroponics farms that will be involved in diverse areas such as organic and non – organic crop cultivation, and food processing and packaging plant. With this, we will be able to take advantage of all the available opportunities within the industry.

Lastly, all our employees will be well taken care of, and their welfare package will be among the best within our category (start – ups hydroponics farms in the United States) in the industry. It will enable them to be more than willing to build the business with us and help deliver our set goals and achieve all our business aims and objectives.

9. SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

• Sources of Income

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is in the hydroponics crop farming business for the purpose of maximizing profits hence we have decided to explore all the available opportunities within the industry to achieve our corporate goals and objectives.

In essence we are not going to rely only on the sale of our farm produce to generate income for the business. Below are the sources we intend exploring to generate income for Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC;

10. Sales Forecast

From the survey conducted, we were are able to discover that the sales generated by an average hydroponics commercial farm depends on the size of the farm, and the nature of the hydroponics crops farm

We have perfected our sales and marketing strategies and we are set to hit the ground running and we are quite optimistic that we will meet or even surpass our set sales target of generating enough income / profits from the year of operations and build the business from survival to sustainability.

We have been able to critically examine the agriculture industry cum hydroponics crops farm business and we have analyzed our chances in the industry and we have been able to come up with the following sales forecast. The sales projections are based on information gathered on the field and some workable assumptions as well with respect to the nature of hydroponics crops farm that we will be operating.

Below are the projections that we were able to come up with for the first three years of running spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC;

• First Fiscal Year-: $240,000
• Second Fiscal Year-: $500,000
• Third Fiscal Year-: $950,000

N.B : This projection is done based on what is obtainable in the industry and with the assumption that there won’t be any major economic meltdown that can impact negatively on household spending, bad weather cum natural disasters (draughts, epidemics), and unfavorable government policies. Please note that the above projection might be lower and at the same time it might be higher.

• Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

We are quite aware that the reason why some hydroponics crops farms hardly make good profits is their inability to sell off their farm produce especially perishable crops as at when due. In view of that, we decided to set up a standard food processing plant to help us maximize profits.

Our sales and marketing team will be recruited based on their vast experience in the hydroponics commercial farms industry and they will be trained on a regular basis so as to be well equipped to meet their set targets and the overall business goal of Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC.

Our goal is to grow Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC to become one of the leading hydroponics crops farms in the United States of America which is why we have mapped out strategies that will help us take advantage of the available market and grow to become a major force to reckon with not only in Springfield – Illinois but also in other cities in the United States of America and the world at large.

Over and above, we have perfected our sale and marketing strategies first by networking with agriculture merchants and companies that rely on raw materials from the agriculture industry who are likely to become our customers. In summary, Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC will adopt the following strategies in marketing our farm produce;

• Introduce our business by sending introductory letters alongside our brochure to stake holders in the agriculture industry, companies that rely on the agriculture industry for their raw materials, hotels and restaurants and agriculture produce merchants et al.
• Advertise our business and agriculture produce in agro – allied and food related magazines and websites
• List our commercial farms on yellow pages ads
• Attend related agriculture and food expos, seminars, and business fairs et al
• Leverage on the internet to promote our business
• Engage in direct marketing
• Encourage the use of Word of mouth marketing (referrals)

11. Publicity and Advertising Strategy

Any business that wants to grow beyond the corner of the street or the city they are operating from must be ready and willing to utilize every available means (conventional and non – conventional means) to advertise and promote the business. We intend growing our business which is why we have perfected plans to build our brand via every available means.

We know that it is important to create strategies that will help us boost our brand awareness and to create a corporate identity for our hydroponics crops farm business. Below are the platforms you can leverage on to boost our hydroponics crops farm brand and to promote and advertise our business;

• Place adverts on both print (newspapers and magazines) and electronic media platforms
• Sponsor relevant community based events / programs
• Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like; Instagram, Facebook , twitter, YouTube, Google + et al to promote our business
• Install our Bill Boards on strategic locations all around Springfield – Illinois
• Engage in road show from time to time in targeted neighborhoods
• Distribute our fliers and handbills in target areas
• Contact corporate organizations and residence in our target areas by calling them up and informing them of Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC and the farm produce we sell
• List our hydroponics crops farm in local directories / yellow pages
• Advertise our hydroponics crops farm in our official website and employ strategies that will help us pull traffic to the site.
• Ensure that all our staff members wear our branded shirts and all our vehicles and trucks are well branded with our company logo et al.

12. Our Pricing Strategy

Some of the factors that will help you sell your farm produce at the right price that will guarantee that you make profit is dependent on your strategy while some of the factors are beyond your control. For example, if the climatic condition is unfavorable and if there are natural disasters in the location where you have your hydroponics crops farm, then it will directly affect the prices of your farm produce.

Over and above, if you want to get the right pricing for your farm produce, then you should ensure that you choose a good location for hydroponics crop farm, choose a good breed / seeds that will guarantee bountiful harvest, cut the cost of running your farm to the barest minimum and of course try as much as possible to attract buyers to your farm as against taking your farm produce to the market to source for buyers; with this, you would have successfully eliminate the cost of transporting the goods to the market and other logistics.

We are quite aware that one of the easiest means of penetrating the market and acquiring loads of customers for all our agriculture produce is to sell them at competitive prices hence we will do all we can to ensure that the prices of our farm produces are going to be what other hydroponics crops farmers would look towards beating.

One thing is certain, the nature of hydroponics crops farming makes it possible for farmers to place prices for their farm produces based on their discretion without following the benchmark in the industry. The truth is that it is one of the means of avoiding running into loss. The easier you sell off your harvest the better for your business.

• Payment Options

The payment policy adopted by Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is all inclusive because we are quite aware that different customers prefer different payment options as it suits them but at the same time, we will ensure that we abide by the financial rules and regulation of the United States of America.

Here are the payments options that Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC will make available to her clients;

• Payment via bank transfer
• Payment with cash
• Payment via online bank transfer
• Payment via mobile money
• Payment via Point of Sales Machines (POS Machines)
• Payment via check
• Payment via bank draft

In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will enable our client make payment for farm produces purchase without any stress on their part. Our bank account numbers will be made available on our website and promotional materials to clients who may want to deposit cash or make online transfer for our farm produce.

13. Startup Expenditure (Budget)

In setting up any business, the amount or cost will depend on the approach and scale you want to undertake. If you intend to go big by renting a place, then you would need a good amount of capital as you would need to ensure that your employees are well taken care of, and that your facility is conducive enough for workers to be creative and productive.

This means that the start-up can either be low or high depending on your goals, vision and aspirations for your business.

When it comes to setting up a hydroponics crops farm business, the resources, supplies and equipment that will be used are nearly the same cost everywhere, and any difference in prices would be minimal and can be overlooked. As for the detailed cost analysis for starting a hydroponics crops farm; it might differ in other countries due to the value of their money.

However, this is what it would cost us to setup Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC in Springfield – Illinois, U.S;

• The Total Fee for incorporating the Business (hydroponics crops farm) in United States of America – $750.
• The budget for key insurance policies, permits and business license – $2,500
• The amount needed to hire business consultants – $2,000
• The amount needed to acquire / lease a farm land  – $50,000
• The amount required for preparing the farm land (for crop cultivation  and fencing et al) – $30,000
• The cost for acquiring the required working tools and equipment / machines / glass casing et al– $200,000
• The amount required for purchase of seedlings and mineral nutrients solutions – $20,000
• The Cost of Launching an official Website – $600
• The amount required for payment of workers for a period of 3 months – $100,000
• Additional Expenditure (Business cards, Signage, Adverts and Promotions et al) – $2,000

Going by the report from detailed research and feasibility studies conducted, we will need an average of $500,000 to start a medium scale but standard hydroponics crops farm business in the United States of America.

Basically, the nature of hydroponics crops farm does not require an office space, most people that run hydroponics crops farms operate directly from their farms. But we have decide to open a small liaison office; a place where administrative jobs will be carried out.

Generating Funds / Startup Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC

No matter how fantastic your business idea might be, if you don’t have the required money to finance the business, the business might not become a reality. Finance is a very important factor when it comes to starting a business such as hydroponics crops farming. No doubt raising start – up capital for a business might not come cheap, but it is a task that an entrepreneur must go through.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is a family business that will be owned by Dr. Campbell Hezekiah and his immediate family members. They are the sole financial of the business which is why they decided to restrict the sourcing of the start – up capital for the business to just three major sources.

These are the areas we intend generating our start – up capital;

• Generate part of the start – up capital from personal savings and sale of his stocks
• Generate part of the start – up capital from friends and other extended family members
• Generate a larger chunk of the startup capital from the bank (loan facility).

N.B: We have been able to generate about $200,000 (Personal savings $150,000 and soft loan from family members $50,000) and we are at the final stages of obtaining a loan facility of $300,000 from our bank. All the papers and document has been duly signed and submitted, the loan has been approved and any moment from now our account will be credited.

14. Sustainability and Expansion Strategy

The future of a business lies in the numbers of loyal customers that they have the capacity and competence of the employees, their investment strategy and the business structure. If all of these factors are missing from a business (company), then it won’t be too long before the business close shop.

One of our major goals of starting Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC is to build a business that will survive off its own cash flow without the need for injecting finance from external sources once the business is officially running. We know that one of the ways of gaining approval and winning customers over is to sell our farm produce a little bit cheaper than what is obtainable in the market and we are well prepared to survive on lower profit margin for a while.

Spring – Time® Hydroponics Farms, LLC will make sure that the right foundation, structures and processes are put in place to ensure that our staff welfare are well taken of. Our company’s corporate culture is designed to drive our business to greater heights and training and re – training of our workforce is at the top burner of our business strategy.

As a matter of fact, profit-sharing arrangement will be made available to all our management staff and it will be based on their performance for a period of six years or more as determined by the board of the organization. We know that if that is put in place, we will be able to successfully hire and retain the best hands we can get in the industry; they will be more committed to help us build the business of our dreams.

Check List / Milestone

• Business Name Availability Check:>Completed
• Business Incorporation: Completed
• Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts various banks in the United States: Completed
• Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed
• Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress
• Application for business license and permit: Completed
• Purchase of All form of Insurance for the Business: Completed
• Leasing of farm land in Springfield – Illinois: Completed
• Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed
• Start – up Capital Generation: Completed
• writing of business plan: Completed
• Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed
• Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed
• Graphic Designs and Printing of Packaging Marketing / Promotional Materials: Completed
• Recruitment of employees: In Progress
• Building /construction of fish ponds, cattle ranch, and poultry: In Progress
• Purchase of the needed working tools, machines and equipment: Completed
• Creating Official Website for the Company: In Progress
• Creating Awareness for the business (Business PR): In Progress
• Farm land Treatment, Health and Safety Arrangement: In Progress
• Establishing business relationship with key players in the industry (agriculture farm produce merchants, transporter / haulage and suppliers of seeds, mineral nutrient solutions, pesticides and insecticides): Completed

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How to Start Greenhouse Farming in Nigeria: Business Plan, Cost, Profit, Subsidy, and Challenges

Table of contents, what is greenhouse farming, greenhouse farming tips for beginners in nigeria, greenhouse vegetable production in nigeria, benefits of greenhouse farming in nigeria, is greenhouse farming profitable in nigeria, how does greenhouse farming work, plastic greenhouse, glass greenhouse, dome-shaped greenhouse, top states for greenhouse farming in nigeria, what to grow in a greenhouse in nigeria, greenhouse crop production in nigeria, cost of building greenhouse farming in nigeria, steps to starting a greenhouse business plan in nigeria, opportunities in greenhouse farming in nigeria, greenhouse subsidy in nigeria, challenges of greenhouse farming in nigeria, greenhouse problems in nigeria.

Greenhouse farming in Nigeria is an excellent way to produce fresh fruits and vegetables all year round. Greenhouse farming protects crops from the environment using a structure made of materials that allow sunlight and other radiation to pass through but limit the loss of heat. Greenhouses allow farmers to grow crops year-round, regardless of the weather conditions outside. 

How to start greenhouse farming in Nigeria

It is an agriculture sector where crops are grown in an enclosed environment. Greenhouse farming in Nigeria is a new concept, but it has the potential to revolutionize agriculture in the country. Greenhouse farming requires less water than traditional farming methods, and the enclosed environment can help to conserve water. This is especially important in Nigeria, where water resources are scarce.

• The first step is to choose a suitable location for your greenhouse farm. The location should be close to a water source and have access to sunlight.
• Once you’ve chosen a location, you must build the greenhouse structure. There are different greenhouses types available on the market, so make sure you choose one that’s right for your needs.
• After the greenhouse structure has been built, the next step is soil preparation inside it for planting. This involves adding nutrients and ensuring that the soil has the right pH.
• Once the soil is ready, you can start planting your crops. Make sure you choose plants suited to being grown in a greenhouse environment.
• Greenhouse farming in Nigeria is planting and growing crops in an enclosed environment. The main advantage of greenhouse farming is that it allows farmers to environment control in which crops are grown. 
• Farmers can protect crops from pests, diseases, and extreme weather conditions. Greenhouse farming is becoming increasingly popular in Nigeria as more farmers realize its benefits.
• Finally, you must carefully monitor your greenhouse’s environment and make adjustments. This includes controlling temperature, humidity, and ventilation levels.

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It is a rapidly growing industry. The country has a large population and a rapidly growing economy, making it an attractive market for greenhouse farmers. Nigeria also has a climate conducive to greenhouse farming, ample sunlight, and rainfall. The Nigerian government has supported the greenhouse industry’s growth, providing farmers with subsidies and tax breaks. This has helped spur the industry’s growth, with more farmers setting up greenhouses and increasing production.

The government is also improving infrastructure, such as roads and power supply, which will further boost the sector’s development. There are currently around 1,000 hectares of greenhouse farmland in Nigeria, with most farms located in the northern part of the country. The main vegetables grown in greenhouses are tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and eggplants. These crops are in high demand from both local and export markets.

Tomatoes are the most widely-grown crop in Nigerian greenhouses, accounting for almost 60% of total production. Cucumbers are the second most popular crop, followed by peppers and eggplants. Farmers are using modern techniques and inputs to improve yields and quality. For example, hydroponic systems grow crops in nutrient-rich water. This allows for higher yields and a shorter growing season.

• Greenhouse farming in Nigeria has several benefits over traditional farming methods. The most obvious benefit is the increased yield achieved with greenhouse farming. With the controlled environment of a greenhouse, crops can be grown year-round, meaning a greater harvest is possible.
• Another benefit of greenhouse farming is the reduction in water usage. In a traditional farm, much water is lost to evaporation and runoff. However, in a greenhouse, the water used to irrigate the plants is recycled and reused, meaning less water is needed overall. This is especially important in areas where water resources are limited.
• Greenhouses also protect crops from extreme weather conditions, pests, and diseases. The controlled environment of a greenhouse means that farmers can more easily control these factors, leading to healthier plants and higher yields.

Greenhouse farming can be a very profitable business in Nigeria. There are different factors to consider when starting a greenhouse farm, such as the type of crop you want to grow, the climate, and the market for your product. If you are planning on starting a greenhouse farm in Nigeria, it is important to research the market for your product.

Find out what crops are in demand and what prices they are fetching. You will also need to consider the climate when choosing your location. The weather in Nigeria can be unpredictable, so it is essential to choose a location with stable weather patterns. With proper planning and execution, starting a greenhouse farm can be a very profitable endeavor.

Firstly, you must obtain a permit from the Nigerian Agricultural Ministry. Second, you will need to purchase or build a suitable greenhouse. And third, you will need the right skills and knowledge to grow crops successfully in a controlled environment.

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Types of greenhouses in Nigeria

This is built with a plastic sheet. It is the common type of greenhouse in Nigeria. The sheet prevents elements of the weather from affecting the crops in the greenhouse. The most common greenhouse type in Nigeria is the plastic tunnel greenhouse. These greenhouses are relatively cheap and easy to construct, which makes them popular among small-scale farmers. However, they can be vulnerable to high winds and are not very durable in the long term.

This is covered with glass. It is a common greenhouse type in the Netherlands and other temperate countries. Glass greenhouses are the most expensive option but offer the best protection for your crops from the elements. They are also easy to ventilate and keep cool in hot weather.

This has a dome shape. The shape makes it appropriate for some places. These are the most expensive but durable options and offer the best protection from the elements.

Nigeria’s top greenhouse farming states are Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, and Sokoto. These states have the ideal climate for greenhouse farming, with high temperatures and plenty of sunlight. The soil in these states is also suitable for greenhouse farming, as it is rich in nutrients and can retain moisture.

Greenhouse farming can produce various fruits, vegetables, and flowers. In Nigeria, some common crops grown in greenhouses include tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and roses. Greenhouse farming can be an important tool for small-scale farmers who want to improve their yields and income.

Some common crops grown in greenhouses in Nigeria include Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Sweet Peppers, and Eggplants. These crops require little water and can tolerate high temperatures. Other popular choices include Beans, Okra, and Squash. These vegetables do best in a cooler climate with ample water availability. Other plants that can be grown in greenhouses in Nigeria include:

Nigeria is one of the largest greenhouse growers in the world. The country has a large number of smallholder farmers who grow a variety of crops in greenhouses. These farmers typically use traditional methods, such as manual labor and simple tools. However, some large-scale commercial greenhouse growers are beginning to adopt more modern methods, such as hydroponics and automated systems.

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These growers produce many crops, including tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and eggplants. The Nigerian government is encouraging the growth of the greenhouse industry by providing subsidies and tax breaks to farmers. In addition, the government is investing in research and development to improve greenhouse technology.

Greenhouse farming in Nigeria is a new and exciting way to produce crops. Farmers can grow crops year-round and protect them from pests and diseases by using a controlled environment. This type of farming is especially well suited to Nigeria, where the climate is hot and humid. Greenhouse crop production in Nigeria has many benefits. For one, it allows farmers to grow plants all year round, which is impossible with traditional outdoor farming. Farmers can get two or even three crops annually, which greatly increases their income.

In addition, greenhouse farming protects crops from pests and diseases, which are common in Nigeria. Finally, greenhouse farming uses less water than traditional farming, which is important in a country with limited water resources. Firstly, you will need to build a greenhouse. Second, you must purchase seeds or seedlings from a reputable supplier. And third, you will need basic knowledge of how to care for your plants. With a little effort, you can start on your way to becoming a successful greenhouse farmer in Nigeria.

• The size of the greenhouse – Greenhouses can range in size from small backyard models to large commercial operations. The cost of building a greenhouse will depend on the size you need.
• The materials used – Greenhouses can be made from wood, metal, and plastic. The material type you choose will affect the cost of construction.
• The location of the greenhouse – The cost of land and building permits can vary depending on where you want to build your greenhouse.
• The type of climate control system you need – Depending on the climate in Nigeria, you may need to invest in a heating or cooling system for your greenhouse. Then, this will add to the overall cost of construction.
• The type of crops you want to grow – Some crops require more space or special growing conditions. This can impact the size and type of greenhouse you need and the equipment you’ll need to purchase.

The cost of about 240 square standard greenhouse systems in Nigeria goes between N2 million and N2.5 million. 

• Decide what type of greenhouse business you want to start. There are many different types of greenhouses, so it’s important to select the one that best suits your needs.
• Research the climate in Nigeria and the type of plants that grow best. This will help you determine what type of greenhouse you need to build and what plants you can grow.
• Find a suitable location for your greenhouse business. The location should be close to a water source and have good drainage.
• Draw up a business plan and consider the costs of building and running the greenhouse and the potential income from selling the plants growing inside it.
• Apply for any necessary licenses or permits from the Nigerian government before starting construction on your greenhouse.
• Build your greenhouse using high-quality materials to withstand the harsh Nigerian climate. Please ensure the structure is strong and secure so it doesn’t collapse in heavy rains or windstorms.
• Install an irrigation system to water your plants easily and efficiently.
• Fill your greenhouse with soil and plant your chosen crops, making sure to space them out properly, so they have enough room to grow.

In case you missed it: Greenhouse Farming in Kenya: How to Start, Crops, Construction Cost, Profits, and Subsidy

• Greenhouse farming in Nigeria is a relatively new concept with great potential. There are many opportunities for those interested in greenhouse farming to get involved in this rapidly growing industry.
• Nigeria is a large country with a population of over 180 million people. The climate is tropical, which is ideal for greenhouse farming. The country has a large amount of arable land, but only a small percentage is currently used for agriculture. This leaves a lot of room for growth in the sector.
• The Nigerian government supports agriculture and has implemented policies to encourage investment in the sector. Incentives are available for those who want to set up greenhouses, and there are tax breaks for agricultural businesses. There is a growing demand for fresh produce from consumers and the hospitality industry in Nigeria. This creates a good market for greenhouse farmers to sell their products.
• Greenhouse farming offers many benefits over traditional farming methods. Farmers can get more harvests yearly, and crops will not be lost to bad weather conditions.
• Water usage can also be controlled better in greenhouses, which helps to conserve this valuable resource. Pest and disease control is easier in greenhouses, too, as they can be isolated from the outside environment.

The Government of Nigeria is committed to developing the country’s agricultural sector and promoting greenhouse farming to achieve food security. To encourage the adoption of this technology by farmers, the government provides a subsidy on the cost of constructing a greenhouse. The subsidy is available to any farmer who wishes to construct a greenhouse on their farm.

The subsidy will cover up to 50% of the construction cost, with a maximum subsidy of 200,000 nairas. Farmers must submit an application to the Ministry of Agriculture to access the subsidy. The application must include a business plan for the proposed greenhouse project. Once approved, farmers will receive a cheque for the amount of the subsidy from the ministry.

The government aims to have 5,000 greenhouses constructed across Nigeria within three years. This would increase the production of vegetables and fruits by 15-20%, helping to meet the product demand in Nigeria. In addition, it is hoped that this initiative will create jobs and help reduce poverty in rural communities.

Nigeria’s biggest challenge facing greenhouse farming is the high construction and operation cost. However, if the government were to invest in this type of agriculture, it would have the potential to transform the country’s agricultural sector. The challenges of greenhouse farming in Nigeria are many and varied. The main challenge is the lack of access to affordable electricity. This is a major problem as greenhouses require a constant electricity supply. Other challenges include the high cost of greenhouse materials, lack of trained personnel, and limited knowledge about greenhouse farming among farmers.

In case you missed it: High Yield Tomato Varieties in India: A Farmer Guide for Good Profits

Despite these challenges, there are different opportunities for greenhouse farming in Nigeria. The country has a large population with a growing demand for fresh vegetables and fruits. Nigerians also have an increasing awareness of the benefits of eating fresh produce. If more farmers can overcome the challenges associated with greenhouse farming, they will be able to provide Nigerians with healthy, fresh food all year round.

Greenhouse problems in Nigeria include high initial costs, lack of technical knowledge, and unreliable power and water supplies. Greenhouse farming can be an important tool for smallholder farmers in Nigeria, but these farmers face significant challenges in adopting the technology. Lack of technical knowledge is another challenge faced by smallholders interested in greenhouse farming.

Commercial greenhouses are typically operated using sophisticated equipment and materials that are not widely available in Nigeria. As a result, smallholders often do not have the necessary skills or resources to construct and maintain a greenhouse. Unreliable power and water supplies are also major hurdles for smallholder farmers attempting to adopt greenhouse agriculture.

Power outages in many parts of Nigeria are common, making it difficult to operate irrigation systems and other farm equipment. Even when power is available, it is often too expensive for smallholders to use regularly. Similarly, water shortages are a frequent problem in Nigeria, making it difficult to irrigate crops effectively.

The climate in Nigeria is tropical, with hot and humid weather year-round. This climate is well suited for greenhouse farming as long as the greenhouses are designed to withstand high winds and heavy rains. Greenhouse farming allows for year-round crop production, which is beneficial in a country like Nigeria, where the climate can be unpredictable. Crops grown in a greenhouse are also protected from pests and diseases, which can wreak havoc on traditional farms.

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Very rich information. I am interested in starting a greenhouse. How do I get a guide or a reliable consultant to partner with?

I appreciate the information on this site. Though it’s written in 2022, but I’m optimistic there’s little or no changes at all. I have about 14 plots of land around Epe, Lagos that I’m looking to use for integrated farming and I will certainly be needing a greenhouse that I can afford.

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