business etiquette in germany presentation

Business etiquette

In many respects, Germans are the masters of planning. This is a culture that likes forward-thinking and knowing what they are doing at a specific time on a specific day. The German thought process is extremely detailed, with each aspect of a project being examined in great detail. Careful planning, in one’s business and personal life, provides a sense of security.

Most aspects of German living and working are defined and regulated by structure. For example, through laws, rules, and procedures, which are evident in all economic, political and even social spheres. Rules and regulations allow people to know what is expected so that they can plan their lives accordingly. Germans believe that maintaining clear lines of distinction between people, places, and things is the surest way to lead a structured and ordered life. In German business culture, as well as the business etiquette in Germany, this is reflected in the following of prescribed business rules. This results in a low degree of flexibility and spontaneity in attitudes and values.

Germans do not like surprises. Sudden changes in business transactions, even if they may improve the outcome, are unwelcome. Business and business etiquette in Germany is viewed as being very serious. Germans do not appreciate humor in a business context. In addition, counterparts do not need or expect to be complimented.

Work and personal lives are strictly divided. Germans follow the ideal that there is a proper time and place for every activity – this is part of the business etiquette in Germany.

Doing business in Germany

When doing business in Germany, it is essential that you appreciate that the business etiquette in Germany is of great importance. Germany is a nation that is strongly individualistic. It demands a lot of respect at all times. Therefore the highest of standards are expected. Any unethical behavior might seriously harm all future business negotiations.

Business executives who hope to profit from their travels in Europe and Germany should learn about the Business etiquette in Germany, the culture and customs of the countries that they wish to visit. Flexibility and cultural adaptation should be the guiding principles for doing business in this country. Business manners and methods, religious customs, corporate social responsibilities, are all covered in the following sections. Some of the cultural distinctions that businesspeople most often face include differences in business styles, attitudes towards the development of business relationships, attitudes toward punctuality, gift-giving customs and the meanings of colors and numbers. The following sections give an insight into the values, attitudes, culture and business etiquette in Germany.

Kwintessential: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/germany-country-profile.html [en]
Cultural Crossing: http://www.culturecrossing.net/basics_business_student.php?id=79 [en]

Corporate Social Responsibility

An important part of the business etiquette in germany.

The German government takes environmental issues in the country extremely seriously and the inclusion of the Green party in the ruling coalition over the past few years has greatly influenced Germany’s energy and environmental policy objectives. From phasing out nuclear power to promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy, Germany has become a pioneer within the EU in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and in making alternative fuel sources viable. As a result, Germany has become the world leader in wind energy.

Despite this, however, emissions from coal-burning utilities and industries contribute to air pollution and acid rain in Germany and are damaging the country’s forests. Pollution in the Baltic Sea, along with hazardous waste disposal remain environmental problems for Germany.

In 2000, the government established a mechanism for ending the use of nuclear power over the next 15 years. The government is also working to meet the EU’s commitment to the preservation of nature.

Germany leads Europe by having the greatest solar and wind electricity generating capacity on the continent.

Punctuality – business etiquette in Germany

Germans are most comfortable when they can organize their world into controllable units. Time, therefore, is managed carefully, and calendars, schedules, and agendas must be respected. Trains arrive and leave on time to the minute, projects are carefully scheduled, and organization charts are very detailed.

Do not turn up late for an appointment or when meeting people. Germans are extremely punctual, and even a few minutes’ delay can offend. If you are going to be even slightly late, call ahead and explain your situation. Be five to ten minutes early for important appointments.

Gift-giving – business etiquette in Germany

Gift-giving among business associates is not common in Germany. There has recently been a move towards concentrating much more on the actual business, and less on formalities and rituals like gift-giving when traveling on business. However, for more social occasions, gift-giving is relatively customary. The following issues are important to note when considering giving a gift:

A visitor thinking of giving a gift should choose one that is small and of good quality, but not overly expensive
Acceptable gifts at business meetings are items of office equipment, good quality pens with your company’s logo or liquor
When invited to a German home, it is appropriate to bring a gift of flowers, wine, chocolates, or a small gift that represents your home country or region.
Flowers should be given in uneven numbers and unwrapped (unless wrapped in cellophane). Avoid presenting 13 of any kind of flower or red roses. However, this rule does not apply to bouquets arranged/wrapped by a florist.
Red roses symbolize romantic intentions, don’t give them away as a present
Do not give carnations as they symbolize mourning
The same goes for lilies or chrysanthemums as they are used at funerals
Gifts are usually opened when received

Germany generally has the same traditions as most other European countries in terms of gift-giving.

For further information, please see below:

Executive Planer – Gift Giving: http://www.executiveplanet.com/index.php?title=Germany:_Gift_Giving [en]
1-World Global Gift – Etiquette: http://www.1worldglobalgifts.com/germanygiftgivingetiquette.htm [en]
Mind your Manners: http://www.german-business-etiquette.com/5-gifts.html [de] [en]

Dress Code – business etiquette in Germany

Germans take great pride in dressing well, regardless of where they are going or what position they hold. Appearance and presentation is very important to Germans, particularly when it comes to doing business.

Even when dressed informally, they are dressed neat and conservative. The following points give an insight into the correct dress code suitable for conducting business in Germany:

Being well and correctly dressed is very important. Casual or sloppy clothes not appreciated
Business dress in Germany is understated, formal and conservative
Businessmen should wear dark-colored, conservative business suits, ties, and white shirts
Women also dress conservatively, in dark suits and white blouses or conservative dresses. This form of dress is observed even in comparatively warm weather. Do not remove your jacket or tie before your German colleague does so
Women are recommended to refrain from wearing heavy make-up and too much jewelry or accessories
Do not be surprised, however, if occasionally you do see a fashion statement with white socks being worn with a dark suit.
Knigge – Kleidung: http://www.knigge.de/themen/kleidung/dresscode-einmaleins-5252.htm [de]
Executive Planer – Business Dress: http://www.executiveplanet.com/index.php?title=Germany:_Business_Dress [en]

Bribery & corruption

According to www.transparency.org, with a score of 79 out of 100, Germany is ranked 13th out of 176 according to the corruption perceptions index (CPI).

The construction sector and public contracting, represent particular areas of continued concern. Here the German government has sought to reduce both domestic and foreign corruption. Strict anti-corruption laws apply to domestic economic activity and these are rigorously enforced. Germany ratified the 1998 OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in February 1999, thereby criminalizing bribery of foreign public officials by German citizens and firms abroad.

The necessary tax reform legislation ending the tax write-off of bribes in Germany and abroad became law in March 1999. Germany has signed the UN Anti-Corruption Convention but has not yet ratified it. The country participates in the relevant EU anti-corruption measures. Further, Germany has increased the penalties for bribery of German officials, for corrupt practices between companies, and for price-fixing by companies competing for public contracts. It has also strengthened anti-corruption provisions applying to support extended by the official export credit agency and tightened the rules for public tenders.

State governments and local authorities

Most state governments and local authorities have contact points for whistle-blowing and provisions for rotating personnel in areas prone to corruption. Government officials are forbidden from accepting gifts linked to their jobs. Some individual states maintain their own registers and pressure is growing to reintroduce such legislation at a Federal level. Transparency Deutschland, the German Chapter of Transparency International, sees a national corruption register as one of its main goals in Germany, closely followed by Freedom of Information legislation at Federal and State level, and fast ratification of the UN Anti-Corruption Convention placing bribery of parliamentarians on the same level as bribery of public officials.

The German government has successfully prosecuted hundreds of domestic corruption cases over the years with numbers rising significantly over the last two years. To date, charges have been filed in only one case involving the bribery of foreign government officials since 1999. Changes in German law were enacted to comply with the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.

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Mastering German Business Etiquette for Successful Relations

business etiquette in germany presentation

When it comes to doing business in Germany , understanding the cultural norms and etiquette is crucial for building successful professional relationships. German business protocol is known for its formality and attention to detail, making it essential to approach interactions with cultural sensitivity and respect. In this article, we will explore the key aspects of German business etiquette, cultural norms, and protocol, providing insights into how to navigate the German business landscape with finesse.

Knowing the expected behavior and practices in German business environments is essential for networking, building relationships, and achieving business objectives. Whether you are attending a formal business meeting, negotiating a deal, or socializing with German colleagues, cultural sensitivity is crucial to avoid miscommunication or offense

This article will provide practical insights and tips on how to understand and master German business etiquette, including the importance of punctuality, the direct communication style, and the emphasis on hierarchy. We will also highlight the expected professional behavior in German business environments, the etiquette guidelines for building effective business relationships, and how to communicate effectively.

Join us on this journey as we explore the nuances of German business culture and protocol, providing you with the tools and insights necessary to navigate this complex landscape with ease and grace.

Understanding German Business Culture

When it comes to doing business in Germany, understanding the country’s cultural norms and values is crucial for success. Germans are proud of their culture and expect visitors and business associates to respect it. As such, cultural sensitivity in German business is of utmost importance.

The Importance of German Cultural Norms

German cultural norms play a significant role in shaping the country’s business culture. Germans value punctuality, orderliness, and efficiency. Being on time for meetings is a sign of respect and professionalism. Tardiness is considered rude and may damage business relationships. Similarly, maintaining a clean and organized work environment is important in German culture .

Cultural Sensitivity in German Business

Cultural sensitivity is crucial to building successful professional relationships in Germany. Germans tend to be direct communicators and appreciate straightforwardness. However, they may also place great emphasis on manners and social etiquette. For example, using formal titles and addressing people by their last name is important in business settings. It is essential to show respect and courtesy in all interactions with German counterparts.

Mastering German Business Etiquette: Test your knowledge

Welcome to our quiz on the topic of mastering German business etiquette! Discover how well you know the cultural norms and practices required for successful business relations in Germany. Are you ready to test your knowledge and learn something new about this important skill? Start now!

Professional Behavior in Germany

Professional behavior is highly valued in German business settings, and it is an essential aspect of German business etiquette. Adhering to expected professional conduct is crucial for building and maintaining successful professional relationships in Germany.

Respect, punctuality, and maintaining a formal demeanor are key attributes of professional behavior in Germany. German business professionals place a high value on punctuality and expect their business counterparts to arrive on time for meetings and appointments. Arriving late is considered disrespectful and may negatively impact the impression you make on your German colleagues or partners.

It is also important to maintain a formal demeanor during business interactions in Germany. German business professionals typically prefer a more reserved and serious communication style. Avoid using overly casual language or humor in professional settings, as this may be viewed as unprofessional and inappropriate.

Respect is a fundamental aspect of professional behavior in Germany. Show respect to your German colleagues and partners by actively listening to them, valuing their opinions, and responding in a polite and professional manner. Avoid interrupting or talking over others, and refrain from making negative or critical comments.

Overall, it is essential to display professionalism, respect, and adhere to formal business etiquette in Germany to build and maintain successful professional relationships.

Building Effective Business Relationships

Building strong and lasting business relationships is a critical part of doing business in Germany. In order to succeed, it’s essential to understand the customs and etiquette guidelines that govern professional interactions in this country.

One of the most important aspects of building effective business relationships in Germany is to demonstrate a high degree of professionalism. This means showing respect for your counterparts at all times, maintaining a formal tone, and avoiding any behavior that might be seen as unprofessional or inappropriate.

Another important aspect of building effective business relationships in Germany is to understand the country’s unique business customs. For example, it’s common to begin meetings with small talk about non-business related topics, such as the weather or current events. This helps to establish a rapport and build trust between parties.

In addition to understanding the customs of German business, it’s essential to be aware of the various etiquette guidelines that apply in this context. These might include things like addressing your counterparts by their formal titles, such as Herr or Frau, and avoiding overly casual language or behavior.

Ultimately, successfully building strong business relationships in Germany requires a combination of cultural sensitivity, professional behavior, and an understanding of local customs and etiquette guidelines. By demonstrating these qualities, you can help to establish trust and build long-lasting relationships with your German counterparts.

Facts and figures

Germany is known for its punctuality, with the average delay of trains being only 1 minute.
According to a survey, 80% of Germans believe that business dress code is crucial for professional success.
Germany has a high context communication style, meaning that a lot of information is conveyed through non-verbal cues and shared knowledge.
The average workweek in Germany is 35 hours, one of the shortest in the world.

Communication and Language Use

Effective communication plays a significant role in German business interactions. Germans tend to be direct and straightforward when communicating, and it is essential to avoid ambiguity and misinterpretation. It is advisable to communicate clearly and concisely.

In German business settings, it is common to use formal titles such as “Herr” (Mr.) or “Frau” (Mrs./Ms.), followed by the person’s last name. It is important to use the appropriate professional titles and surnames in all business interactions, as it demonstrates respect and professionalism.

Language Use

The official language of business in Germany is German, and fluency in the language is expected in most business settings. However, many German business professionals are proficient in English, and it is acceptable to use English in international business settings or with colleagues who speak the language fluently.

It is essential to be mindful of the language one uses in business interactions. Avoid using overly casual language or slang, and be aware of cultural differences in humor and sarcasm. Use clear and concise language, and avoid using words or phrases that could be misinterpreted or offensive, especially in cross-cultural communication.

Etiquette in Written Communication

Written communication in German business settings requires a formal and professional tone. Emails should include a clear subject line and a formal greeting, such as “Sehr geehrte(r) Herr/Frau [last name].” Avoid using abbreviations or acronyms, and proofread emails before sending them to avoid errors and misinterpretations.

When sending a letter or document, it is common to use the formal “Sie” pronoun to address the recipient, followed by their last name. The letter should be formatted professionally, with a clear heading, opening and closing salutation, and appropriate content.

Overall, being mindful of both language use and written communication etiquette is crucial to building strong and effective business relationships in Germany.

Meetings and Presentations

In German business culture, meetings and presentations are formal occasions that require careful planning and execution. Punctuality is of utmost importance, and being even a few minutes late can be considered disrespectful.

When entering a meeting room, greet each person individually with a handshake and maintain eye contact while doing so. Address people by their professional titles and use the formal “Sie” instead of the informal “du” until you are invited to do otherwise.

During meetings and presentations, it is important to speak clearly and concisely. Germans value direct communication and may interpret a lack of clarity as a sign of incompetence. It is also important to stay on topic and avoid unnecessary small talk or tangents.

Etiquette Guidelines for Meetings and Presentations

Here are some etiquette guidelines to follow when conducting meetings and presentations in Germany:

Arrive on time and be prepared
Greet everyone individually with a handshake and maintain eye contact
Use professional titles and the formal “Sie” until invited otherwise
Speak clearly and concisely
Avoid small talk and stay on topic
Make sure to have all necessary materials and technology in working order
Be respectful and listen attentively to others’ contributions

By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your meetings and presentations are conducted with the appropriate level of professionalism and respect for German business customs.

Negotiation and Decision-Making in German Business

German business protocol places a premium on negotiation and decision-making processes. When engaging in these activities, it is essential to understand the unique German approach.

German Business Etiquette in Negotiation

Negotiations in Germany follow a formal and structured process. German business etiquette emphasizes respect for hierarchy and decision-making authority. The individual in charge is typically the one who makes the final decisions, so it is essential to know who holds that role.

When negotiating in Germany, it is vital to be well-prepared with your proposal. Germans appreciate a direct, data-driven approach that focuses on facts and figures. At the same time, it is essential to remain respectful and avoid pushing too hard, as this can be perceived as rude or aggressive.

Decision-Making Hierarchy in Germany

In German business, decisions are typically made within a hierarchical structure. The person in charge has the final say, and lower-level employees are expected to follow their lead.

When engaging in decision-making processes, it is crucial to show respect for this hierarchy and understand your place within it. Always address the most senior person in the room first and wait for them to initiate conversation before speaking.

Tips for Navigating Negotiation and Decision-Making in Germany

Do your research and come prepared with a well-thought-out proposal.
Focus on facts and figures rather than emotion or personal relationships.
Show respect for hierarchy and decision-making authority.
Avoid being too pushy or aggressive, which can be perceived as rude.
Be patient and give the other party time to consider your proposal.

By following these guidelines, you can navigate negotiation and decision-making processes in Germany with confidence and show respect for German business protocol and etiquette.

Business Dining and Socializing

Business dining and socializing in Germany are important opportunities for relationship-building and should be approached with cultural sensitivity and awareness of German social etiquette.

When invited to a business meal, it is important to arrive on time and appropriately dressed in accordance with German business etiquette. Dress conservatively and avoid flashy accessories. Men should wear a suit and tie, while women should wear a conservative dress or pantsuit.

During the meal, follow the lead of your host and wait for them to begin eating before you start. Use utensils from the outside in, and keep your elbows off the table. When finished, place your knife and fork parallel to each other on your plate with the handles facing to the right.

It is customary for the host to pay for the meal, but offering to pay or splitting the bill is also acceptable.

After the meal, it is common to engage in small talk or discuss business in a more relaxed setting. Avoid discussing controversial or sensitive topics, such as politics or religion, and be respectful of your counterpart’s opinions.

When socializing outside of business settings, German social etiquette emphasizes punctuality and formal behavior. Greet others with a firm handshake and address them by their professional titles and last names unless they give you permission to use their first name.

When attending a social event, bring a small gift, such as flowers or chocolates, as a token of appreciation. It is also customary to send a thank-you note afterward.

By following these important German social and business etiquette guidelines, you can build strong relationships and leave a positive impression on your German counterparts.

Dress Code and Appearance

Dressing appropriately is an important aspect of German business etiquette. The way you present yourself reflects your professionalism and attention to detail. Germans often dress conservatively for business and expect the same from their counterparts. It is essential to dress appropriately for the occasion to create a positive impression.

Business attire in Germany is typically formal, with dark-colored suits for men and women. It is important to ensure that your clothing is clean, pressed, and well-fitted. Men should wear a dress shirt, tie, and polished dress shoes, while women should wear a conservative dress or blouse and skirt, along with closed-toe shoes.

When attending business conferences or meetings, it is important to dress appropriately for the occasion. For example, if attending a formal event, it is best to wear a suit or formal dress. On the other hand, if attending a casual business meeting, it is acceptable to wear business casual attire, such as slacks and a collared shirt for men, or a dress or blouse and dress pants for women.

It is also essential to pay attention to personal grooming, hygiene, and accessories. Men should ensure that they are well-groomed, with their hair neatly styled and facial hair trimmed. Women should keep their makeup and jewelry subtle and avoid wearing anything too flashy. It is also important to avoid strong fragrances and keep your nails neat and clean.

To sum up, dressing appropriately plays a significant role in German business etiquette. It reflects your professionalism and attention to detail, and can create a positive impression on your counterparts. Remember to dress conservatively, appropriately, and ensure that your personal grooming and accessories are neat and clean.

Cultural Sensitivity and Adaptability

When doing business in Germany, it is essential to show cultural sensitivity and adaptability. German business etiquette and cultural norms may differ significantly from those in other countries, and it is crucial to be aware of and respect these differences. Here are some etiquette tips for doing business in Germany:

Research and Preparation

Before visiting Germany for business purposes, it’s essential to research and learn about their cultural customs and business protocols. This research will help you avoid committing any cultural faux pas, and it demonstrates that you respect their culture and are willing to adapt to their ways of doing things.

Show Respect and Courtesy

Germans value respect, punctuality, and courtesy. It’s vital to greet everyone with a firm handshake and maintain direct eye contact when speaking with them. Using their titles and last names instead of their first names is also customary, especially when addressing older business professionals or those in higher positions.

Communicate Effectively

The German communication style is generally direct and to the point. While small talk and pleasantries are appreciated, it’s essential to stick to the topic at hand and avoid exaggeration or flattery. It’s also essential to avoid interrupting someone who is speaking and allow them to finish their thought before responding.

Be Professional and Formal

Germans are typically formal and professional in their business dealings and expect the same from their counterparts. Dressing appropriately and conservatively, maintaining a reserved tone, and following local business customs demonstrate professionalism and respect.

Adapt to their Business Practices

Germans have a particular way of conducting business, which includes adhering to strict hierarchies and following formal business protocols. It’s essential to understand and respect these practices, such as observing punctuality and being well-prepared for meetings.

Cultural sensitivity and adaptability are essential for building and maintaining successful business relationships in Germany. By understanding and respecting their cultural customs, communicating effectively, and following their business practices, you can establish trust and respect with your German counterparts.

Test Your Suitability for Mastering German Business Etiquette

In order to assess your suitability for mastering German business etiquette, please answer the following questions honestly.

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10 Do’s and Don’ts of German Business Etiquette

Table of Contents

1. Be on Time

Like Swedish buisness etiquette , punctuality is very important in Germany. The business culture (and culture in general) is built around organising the day into manageable chunks, and this method necessitates meetings running on time and when scheduled.

Being late to a meeting could cause offence. If you have a good reason, be sure to call ahead and let your German colleagues know. It is always best to arrive early to essential meetings (such as the first time you are introduced) with German business associates.

2. Dress Professionally

German corporate dress codes require smart, conservative, professional clothing . You will find male business people in dark suits and neat shirts, while women are most likely to wear dark pant-suits alongside white blouses or smart dresses.

Even in warmer weather, dressing up in German business etiquette is best. If your German colleagues remove jackets and ties while doing business, you can follow suit; but always allow them to lead on that front.

In social settings, Germany is much more liberal. Especially in the cosmopolitan cities such as Berlin, expect to see cool, edgy fashion in pubs and clubs. However, if you’re unsure, smart casual shirts and trousers are always a good bet!

3. Meetings and Greetings

Begin each meeting with a firm handshake while maintaining suitable eye contact. The German handshake is short and hardy. Introduce yourself with your full name and title – titles are very respected, and unless someone gives you express position, it’s always best to refer to them using their title.

Business meetings will likely start with some small talk. However, unlike in some cultures, this is not considered a necessity. Expect the meeting to start abruptly and on time, even if ambient conversation occurs.

German business practices are very structured, and meetings follow the same pattern. There will be agendas and assigned roles.

4. Business cards don’t matter

If they are exchanged, it is done so as a necessity, without any particular etiquette surrounding the swap. Most people will use smart phones to take down numbers/email addresses instead.

5. Lovers of Structure

As mentioned before, Germans very much enjoy structure. This is no different in their business lives: they follow a strict and well defined hierarchy of responsibilities.

Each team member will have their own roles responsibilities to take care of, and it would be rude to step across those lines.

Ranks are usually determined by expertise, qualifications, and experience . Academic titles are very well respected in German culture, and are given strong prominence.

6. Frank and straightforward negotiators

They will tell you what they want and what they think, and are not afraid to be blunt. They are certainly not afraid of saying ‘no’ if something is not to their liking during business negotiations.

Germans put a lot of stock in facts and figures . A German company is much more likely to be swayed by somebody who can provide robust data than one who can put together a fancy argument.

7. Gifting Rituals

Gift giving is not essential or expected part of making business relationships in Deutschland. Like most European countries, the best tactic is reciprocation: if somebody offers a gift, it is usually a good idea to return one.

Appropriate business gifts include: office items, stationary branded with a company logo, or alcohol.

In social situations, it is common to bring a small gift for the host to show thanks for the invitation. Such gifts include a bottle of wine, a box of chocolates, or some flowers.

8. The Social Side

Though social gatherings in Germany follow much the same patterns as found in most english speaking and western countries, there are a few cultural differences and quirks that can trip you up.

Make sure you are on time to any social gatherings. Fashionably late is not fashionable in Germany! Shake hands with everybody upon arrival.

When toasting, use the word ‘ prost ’ and ensure to keep eye contact. Toasting without eye contact is considered bad luck.

Before a meal, wait for the host to begin eating. It is customary in Germany to wish everybody a good meal before anybody takes the first bite – the phrase ‘Guten appetit’ is a good one to learn for this instance.

Whoever sends the invites will pick up the bill, and arguing could be seen as rude. Tipping is not as necessary in Germany due to higher wages – 5-10% is more than enough.

9. Say What You Mean

Germans are frank, direct, and upfront in their communication style. They are not afraid to call a spade a spade. This can come across as rudeness to some foreign visitors, but take it as a sign of respect: they do not wish to waste your time with pointless platitudes.

A good example of this is the way Germans pick up the phone. Rather than saying ‘hello’ and starting with small talk, they will simply state their last name and expect you to get to the point.

Keep eye contact while speaking, and try to avoid standing with your hands in your pockets. In German culture, pointing at your own head is seen as insulting.

10. Work Culture in Germany

People take corporate social responsibility very seriously . Expect environmental matters to be of top priority to your German business partners.

Germany is a very clean country in terms of corruption. It ranked 9th out of 180 countries with a score of 79/100 in the Corruption Perception Index .

A work week in Germany must not exceed 48 hours . In reality, Germany has a relatively short working week, with the average worker doing between 36 and 40 hours of work.

What is a common understanding of business etiquette in Germany?

The cliche regarding German culture is of joyless, ruthless efficiency. This is only partly correct. Germans love structure and can be very frank and direct. However, they are also a helpful, friendly group of people – they show it in a less obviously outgoing way.

Dos and Don’ts in German Business

Jack Fairey

Jack is a writer based in west London, England. He is a keen traveler, and has a particular interest in the fascinating differences in etiquette across the world. When not writing, he can be found dreaming up his next trip to far off places.

Mastering German Business Etiquette: Tips for Navigating the Workplace and Business Culture

In today’s globalized business environment, understanding the customs and etiquette of the countries you work with is essential. For those looking to succeed in the German business world, mastering the local etiquette can make all the difference. In this article, we will provide you with practical tips and insights on how to navigate the workplace and business culture in Germany. From communication styles to dress codes, we’ll cover everything you need to know to make a great impression and build strong working relationships with your German colleagues and partners.

Communication in the German Business World

Formality and Titles

Germans value formality and respect in the workplace, and this is reflected in their communication style. When addressing someone, it’s important to use their correct title and last name until you’re invited to use their first name.
Academic titles, such as “Doktor” or “Professor,” are taken seriously in Germany and should be used when addressing someone with such a title. If someone holds multiple titles, it is customary to use the highest-ranking one.
In written communication, use the formal salutation “Sehr geehrte(r)” (Dear) followed by the recipient’s title and last name. For example, “Sehr geehrter Herr Schmidt” or “Sehr geehrte Frau Müller.”
Germans appreciate clear, concise communication. When presenting information, be sure to provide facts and figures to support your argument, and avoid using overly emotional or subjective language.
When speaking with colleagues or superiors, it’s essential to maintain a polite and respectful tone. Avoid interrupting others, as it may be perceived as rude.
In the German business world, punctuality is highly valued. Arriving late to a meeting or appointment may be seen as disrespectful, so always aim to be on time or a few minutes early.

Written Communication

German business correspondence tends to be formal and structured. It’s essential to use appropriate salutations, closings, and formatting when sending emails or letters.
Use a clear and concise writing style, with a focus on facts and figures. Avoid using slang, abbreviations, or informal language.
Proper grammar and punctuation are crucial in written communication. Take the time to proofread your messages before sending them.
When writing emails, use a descriptive subject line that accurately reflects the content of the message. This will make it easier for the recipient to prioritize their inbox.
Attachments should be clearly labeled and in a widely accepted file format, such as PDF or Microsoft Word.
In general, respond to business emails within 24 hours, even if it’s just to acknowledge receipt and let the sender know when they can expect a more detailed response.

Verbal Communication

When speaking in a business setting, maintain a polite and respectful tone. Keep your voice level and clear, avoiding excessive volume or speed.
Germans typically prefer direct communication, so don’t be afraid to express your opinion or ask questions. However, it’s essential to do so in a respectful and diplomatic manner.
In meetings, allow others to finish speaking before offering your input. Interrupting others is generally seen as impolite.
When discussing complex or sensitive topics, choose your words carefully and provide well-reasoned arguments. This will help establish credibility and build trust with your German counterparts.
Germans often prefer face-to-face communication, so try to schedule in-person meetings whenever possible. Video conferencing can be a suitable alternative if meeting in person isn’t feasible.
When speaking in English with German colleagues or partners, be mindful of potential language barriers. Speak clearly and avoid using idiomatic expressions or complex vocabulary that may be challenging for non-native speakers to understand.

Punctuality and Time Management

Importance of Punctuality

Punctuality is highly valued in German business culture. Being on time for meetings, appointments, and deadlines is a sign of respect and professionalism.
Arriving late can be perceived as a lack of commitment or disorganization, which can negatively impact your reputation and working relationships.
If you are running late, notify the relevant parties as soon as possible and provide an estimated time of arrival. Apologize for any inconvenience and offer to reschedule if necessary.
When attending meetings or events, it’s best to arrive a few minutes early to allow for unexpected delays and to prepare yourself for the discussion.

Scheduling Meetings and Appointments

Schedule meetings and appointments well in advance, and provide a clear agenda outlining the purpose and goals of the meeting.
Be mindful of German holidays and working hours when scheduling meetings. Keep in mind that many German businesses operate on a Monday through Friday, 9 am to 5 pm schedule.
Confirm meeting details, such as the date, time, location, and participants, a few days before the event to ensure that everyone is on the same page.
When scheduling meetings with international colleagues, be mindful of time zones and try to find a mutually convenient time.

Time Management Strategies

Use a calendar or planner to keep track of appointments, deadlines, and tasks. This will help you stay organized and ensure that you don’t double-book or miss important events.
Prioritize your tasks and allocate your time accordingly. Focus on high-priority items first and delegate or postpone lower-priority tasks if necessary.
Break larger tasks into smaller, manageable steps to make them easier to tackle. This will help you maintain momentum and avoid feeling overwhelmed.
Set realistic goals and deadlines for yourself, and communicate these expectations to your team or colleagues. This will help create a sense of accountability and encourage you to stay on track.
Regularly assess your time management strategies and make adjustments as needed. This will help you stay organized and efficient in the ever-changing business world.

Business Meetings and Presentations

Meeting Etiquette and Preparation

Prepare thoroughly for meetings by reviewing the agenda, researching relevant topics, and gathering necessary materials.
Dress professionally and appropriately for the business setting, as appearance plays a significant role in the German business world.
Arrive early to meetings and ensure that the meeting space is organized and equipped with necessary technology.
Greet attendees with a firm handshake and use their titles and last names until invited to use their first names.
Be respectful of others’ time by sticking to the agenda and keeping the meeting focused and efficient.

Presentation Tips and Techniques

Ensure your presentation is well-structured, clear, and concise. Focus on key points and avoid unnecessary jargon or overly complex language.
Use visuals, such as slides or handouts, to support your message and enhance understanding.
Maintain eye contact with your audience and speak confidently and articulately.
Be prepared to answer questions and provide supporting evidence for your arguments or proposals.
Practice your presentation beforehand to ensure smooth delivery and to identify any areas that need improvement.

Follow-up and Meeting Debrief

Send a follow-up email or message to attendees, summarizing the key points discussed and outlining any agreed-upon actions or next steps.
Provide any additional information or resources that were requested during the meeting.
If applicable, schedule a follow-up meeting to continue the discussion or review progress on assigned tasks.
Reflect on the meeting and identify any areas for improvement, both in terms of your performance and the overall meeting process.

Professional Networking and Building Relationships

Business Cards and Introductions

Have a supply of professional business cards on hand to exchange during networking events and business meetings.
When introducing yourself, provide your full name, title, and the name of your organization.
When receiving a business card, take a moment to review the information and make a mental note of the person’s name and title.

Networking Events and Opportunities

Attend industry conferences, seminars, and other networking events to expand your professional network and stay informed about industry trends.
Join professional associations or online forums related to your field to connect with like-minded professionals and share knowledge and expertise.
Leverage social media platforms, such as LinkedIn, to connect with colleagues and industry professionals.

Building Trust and Rapport

Be genuine and authentic in your interactions with others. Show interest in their work, experiences, and opinions.
Demonstrate your expertise and reliability by consistently delivering high-quality work and honoring your commitments.
Maintain open and honest communication, and be respectful of others’ opinions and perspectives.
Offer assistance and support to colleagues when appropriate, and show appreciation for their contributions and efforts.

Dress Code and Appearance

Understanding German Business Attire

German business attire tends to be conservative and formal, with an emphasis on dark colors, high-quality materials, and a well-tailored fit.
Men typically wear suits and ties, while women wear suits, dresses, or skirts with blouses. Both genders should wear closed-toe shoes.
In some industries or companies, business casual may be acceptable; however, it is important to understand the specific expectations of your workplace.
Accessories should be minimal and tasteful, with an emphasis on professionalism rather than personal style.

Dress Code Variations by Industry

Finance, legal, and consulting industries generally require more formal attire, with suits and ties being the standard.
In the technology and creative industries, the dress code may be more relaxed, with business casual or even casual attire being acceptable.
When in doubt, it is always better to err on the side of being overdressed rather than underdressed.
Observing your colleagues’ attire and consulting with HR or your supervisor can provide valuable insights into appropriate dress code expectations.

Personal Grooming and Hygiene

Maintain a neat and clean appearance, with well-groomed hair, clean-shaven or trimmed facial hair, and clean, trimmed nails.
Avoid wearing heavy perfume or cologne, as strong scents can be distracting or offensive in a professional setting.
Practice good personal hygiene and ensure that your clothing is clean and wrinkle-free.

Gift-Giving and Business Hospitality

Gift-Giving Etiquette

Gift-giving in the German business world is generally reserved for significant occasions, such as the completion of a project, a promotion, or a retirement.
Choose gifts that are modest and tasteful, with a focus on quality rather than extravagance.
Gifts should be wrapped neatly and presented with a brief, heartfelt message expressing your appreciation or congratulations.
When receiving a gift, express gratitude and take a moment to appreciate the gesture before opening it.

Hosting Business Meals

Business meals in Germany are typically reserved for relationship-building and networking rather than for discussing business matters in detail.
Choose a restaurant that is known for its quality and ambiance, and make reservations well in advance.
Offer to pay for the meal, and be prepared to engage in polite conversation on a variety of topics, avoiding controversial or divisive subjects.
Be mindful of table manners and etiquette, and follow your host’s lead when it comes to ordering, toasting, and paying the bill.

Attending Business Events

Accept invitations to business events graciously, as they provide valuable opportunities for networking and relationship-building.
Dress appropriately for the occasion, and arrive punctually.
Engage in polite conversation, and be prepared to introduce yourself and discuss your work and interests.
Offer to help with event organization or cleanup if appropriate, and thank your host before departing.

Navigating Hierarchies and Decision-Making

Understanding German Corporate Structure

German companies often have a hierarchical structure, with clear lines of authority and decision-making power.
Managers and executives hold significant influence and are expected to make decisions, while employees are expected to follow instructions and execute tasks efficiently.
Collaboration and teamwork are valued, but within the context of a structured environment.
Respect for authority and adherence to established procedures are key components of the German corporate culture.

Managing Expectations and Responsibilities

Clearly define your role and responsibilities within the organization and ensure that you understand the expectations of your manager and colleagues.
Be proactive in seeking feedback and guidance, and demonstrate a commitment to continuous improvement and professional development.
Take responsibility for your work and be prepared to defend your decisions and actions if necessary.
Support your colleagues and work collaboratively to achieve shared goals and objectives.

Negotiating and Decision-Making

German business culture places a strong emphasis on thoroughness, precision, and logical reasoning in decision-making processes.
Be prepared to present detailed information and well-reasoned arguments to support your position during negotiations or decision-making discussions.
Maintain a calm and professional demeanor during negotiations, and avoid emotional or overly aggressive tactics.
Be open to compromise and willing to adjust your position if presented with new information or compelling counterarguments.

Cultural Sensitivity and Adaptation

Awareness of Cultural Differences

Educate yourself about German customs, traditions, and social norms to better understand the local culture and avoid inadvertently causing offense.
Be aware of differences in communication styles, attitudes towards hierarchy, and social expectations, and adapt your behavior accordingly.
Recognize that cultural adaptation is an ongoing process and requires patience, flexibility, and a willingness to learn from mistakes.

Avoiding Common Mistakes

Refrain from making assumptions about German culture based on stereotypes or superficial observations.
Avoid using informal language or addressing colleagues by their first names unless invited to do so.
Be mindful of cultural taboos and sensitive topics, such as discussions of Germany’s past, politics, or religion, particularly in the workplace.
Respect the importance of punctuality, precision, and thoroughness in the German business world.

Embracing Local Customs and Traditions

Participate in local events and celebrations to gain a deeper understanding of German culture and build connections with your colleagues and peers.
Learn the language and strive to use it in your daily interactions, as this demonstrates respect for the local culture and a genuine interest in adapting to your new environment.
Be open to new experiences and willing to embrace the customs, traditions, and values of your host country.

In conclusion, mastering German business etiquette is crucial for anyone looking to succeed in the German workplace and business culture. By developing a solid understanding of the norms, expectations, and practices within this environment, you can navigate your professional relationships more effectively and build a strong foundation for success.

The key components of German business etiquette covered in this article include effective communication, punctuality and time management, proper conduct during business meetings and presentations, professional networking, appropriate dress code, gift-giving and hospitality, navigating corporate hierarchies, and being culturally sensitive. By familiarizing yourself with these aspects and adapting your behavior accordingly, you will demonstrate your respect for the local culture and your commitment to becoming an integral part of the German business community.

Remember that cultural adaptation is a continuous process that requires patience, flexibility, and a willingness to learn from your experiences. By embracing local customs and traditions, participating in cultural events, and engaging with native speakers, you will not only enhance your understanding of German business culture but also enrich your personal and professional life.

As you embark on your journey to mastering German business etiquette, be proactive in seeking feedback and guidance from colleagues and mentors, and remain open to learning and growing in your new environment. With determination, effort, and a genuine interest in understanding the German business world, you will be well on your way to becoming a successful and valued member of your professional community.

Business etiquette in Germany

Five things to keep in mind if you want to work in Germany.

Of course, an appropriate appearance and correct manners are expected in professional life. But what is particularly important in Germany? Depending on what country you come from, the cultural differences can be great. Christina Röttgers, an expert in cultural competence from Cologne, explains what you need to know about German business etiquette in order to avoid misunderstandings.

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Flatter hierarchies

In many countries, hierarchical structures apply in working life, says Röttgers. "The boss delegates not responsibility but tasks." In Germany, most companies are organized less hierarchically. Independent work is required. The supervisor gives the employee responsibility for a task or project and relies on him or her doing everything in the appropriate manner. In case of problems, the employee gives feedback in good time.

Work and private life

In Asia, Africa, South America and South-eastern Europe, working life is often group-oriented in Röttgers's perception. In Germany, colleagues tend to keep job and privacy separate. "Many people who come here are therefore lonely", she says. "They have little chance of establishing private contacts through work."

Eye contact and handshake

As a greeting, business partners shake hands, but apart from the handshake, touch in the workplace is inappropriate. Looking each other in the eye, however, is completely normal in Germany and signals attention and interest.

Reliability

Germans expect all participants to arrive punctually and prepared for a meeting. If you cannot, you should say so. "Germans have internalized structures", explains Röttgers, "they keep promises and deadlines".

Direct communication

Germans usually cultivate a factual manner of discussion in working life. Work conversations are focused on content; after brief small talk, you get to the point quickly. "Germans want to convince you with skills and therefore show them. This is the way they develop trust", says Röttgers. Her tip: don’t take criticism at the factual level personally.

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A Guide to German Business Etiquette

By: Paul Buckley

January 4, 2024

One of the keys to success when conducting business internationally is understanding and respecting the business etiquette of different countries.

When it comes to business dealings in germany, mastering the nuances of german business etiquette is essential for building successful professional relationships. german business culture is known for its formality, precision, efficiency, and respect for traditions, and this guide to german business etiquette will help set you up for success., punctuality, business cards, business attire, gift-giving, business meeting etiquette, dining etiquette, things to avoid when doing business in germany, finding success in german business culture.

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There is a popular saying in Germany: 'Five minutes before the time is the German punctuality.' This perfectly sums up how valued punctuality is in German culture, and why it's better to arrive at appointments and meetings early to avoid being late.

The same is true in the German business world. Arriving on time for meetings and appointments is a sign of respect for the other person's time and reflects your commitment to the business relationship. Tardiness is generally considered disrespectful and unprofessional.

Aim to arrive 10 to 15 minutes early for all business engagements, and apologize sincerely if you're ever delayed.

German companies often have a clearly defined hierarchical structure, and respect for authority and seniority is crucial. Disregarding this aspect of their culture could lead to misunderstandings or friction. Always acknowledge seniority and authority appropriately.

Ranking 12th in the EU for gender equality, women make up a significant portion of the German workforce, though remain underrepresented at the management level. Only around one in three executives (35.1%) was female in 2022, in Germany, 28.9% of management positions were held by women. Equal pay day for women in Germany is 7 March, indicating there are still high differences in salary between women and men.

When entering a room or office, it's customary to greet each individual present. Always greet the highest-ranking person first out of respect for the hierarchy.

Handshakes are the standard form of greeting in Germany's business setting. Maintain eye contact, offer a firm handshake, smile, and greet the other person with a simple 'Guten tag' (Good day) or 'Hallo.' Address colleagues and business partners using their professional titles, 'Sir' or 'Ma'am,' and last names until you're invited to use their first names.

English is widely spoken throughout Germany, and odds are that most business meetings with foreign colleagues will take place in English. However, it's still a good idea to learn some beginner phrases and words in German to show respect for your German host's language and culture.

Hello – Hallo

Goodbye – Tschüss (informal); Auf Wiedersehen (formal)

Good morning – Guten Morgen

Good day – Guten Tag

How are you? – Wie geht es dir? (informal); Wie geht es Ihnen? (formal)

My name is... – Ich heiße...

Thank you – Danke

Please – Bitte

It's common to exchange business cards in German business culture, typically at the beginning of business meetings. As many Germans speak very good English, it's not necessary to have a German translation on your card, but it can still be a nice touch. If you have any special honors or high degrees, add that to your card as well.

When receiving a business card, take a moment to examine it before placing it carefully in a cardholder or a pocket. This action signifies respect for the information and the person.

German business attire is typically very neat, formal, and professional. Dressing well is seen as a sign of respect for the business environment and your colleagues. Opt for dark suits, well-polished shoes, and minimalistic accessories.

While gift-giving is not a prominent feature of German business culture, it's still appreciated on certain occasions. Gifts should be of good quality and should not be overly extravagant. It's a good idea to present gifts at the end of a successful business deal or during festive occasions.

Here's how a typical business meeting in Germany will play out from setup to follow-up.

Preparation and arrival

Reach out to set up business meetings at least a few weeks ahead of the desired date to showcase your organizational skills, professionalism, and attention to detail.

Avoid scheduling important meetings on national holidays or during July and August (summer vacation season). It is also best to avoid scheduling important meetings on Fridays.

Be thoroughly prepared for the meeting, whether it's assembling the necessary paperwork or rehearsing any presentations.

On the day of the meeting, arrive 10 to 15 minutes early in proper business attire.

Greet all the business associates present, starting with the most senior individuals, with a firm handshake, smile, eye contact, and a simple greeting, like “Guten Tag” or “Hallo.”

Exchange business cards if necessary.

Take your seats following the host's lead.

Keep small talk to a minimum.

Discussion and negotiation

Stick to the agenda and avoid going off-topic with conversations.

Maintain eye contact when talking with someone.

Be attentive and take notes.

Don't talk over anyone; be patient and wait your turn to contribute.

Be direct, blunt, and to the point.

Don’t use high-pressure negotiation tactics or confrontational behavior.

Actively participate with lots of questions, opinions, and contributions to the discussion.

Germans are very detail-oriented and like having all the facts, so be prepared and patient for long discussions.

Conclusion and follow-up

Some Germans may rap their knuckles against the table to signal their approval as the meeting wraps up

Conclude the meeting with standards thanks to everyone; maintain a professional demeanor

Send a follow-up email promptly (ideally within 24 hours) that includes a summary of the meeting with any action items, deadlines, etc.

Business meals are a bit less common in Germany than in other European countries. If you do dine out with your German colleagues, it's usually toward the end of business dealings.

When doing out after German business meetings, follow German dining etiquette:

Wait for the host to initiate the seating arrangement, and always remember to place your napkin on your lap.

Avoid resting your elbows on the table.

Wait for everyone to be served before beginning to eat.

Toasting is common, and it's polite to maintain eye contact while clinking glasses.

The person who makes the invitation generally pays, and it's rude to argue over the bill.

Small talk: Small talk is common in German business culture as a way to establish rapport, but steer clear of controversial topics like politics and personal matters. Stick to neutral subjects like travel, cultural events, and general interests. Germans also like to get down to business quickly and not waste time, so keep it brief.

Joking around: Keep humor and jokes to a minimum, as Germans take business matters very seriously.

Being aggressive: Don't be pushy or aggressive during negotiations, as Germans value calm, honest, and straightforward business dealings.

Being unprepared: Germans are known for their thoroughness and attention to detail. Failing to prepare adequately for meetings, presentations, or negotiations may reflect poorly on your professionalism and dedication. Make sure you're well-prepared and have all the necessary information at the ready.

Interrupting: Interrupting others while they're speaking or dominating the conversation can be seen as rude and disrespectful. Germans value well-considered, thoughtful communication. Allow others to express their thoughts fully before responding.

Wasting time: Germans value efficiency and organization. Meetings should have a clear agenda, and discussions should stay focused on the topic at hand. Rambling or wandering off topic may be seen as a waste of time and patience.

Missing deadlines: The German love for punctuality and timeliness extends to deadlines, so ensure that you meet the deadlines for the assigned action items and keep the communication lines open for any necessary clarifications or updates.

Understanding and respecting German business etiquette can significantly enhance your chances of success when conducting business in this culturally rich and economically powerful country. Embrace this etiquette with an open mind and a respectful demeanor, and you'll find yourself navigating the German business landscape with finesse.

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Four questions about business etiquette in Germany—answered

If you want to do business in this thriving european city, start by learning the habits and customs of german business culture.

There are no hard-and-fast rules of business etiquette in Germany, but being aware of some of the unique aspects of German business culture can have a huge impact on how you’re perceived by your international colleagues. And when pitching potential clients or partners , an understanding of German office protocol and business trends can set you apart from your competitors.

Whether you’re traveling to Germany for work, are already doing business there, or are thinking about expanding into the market, it’s helpful to be respectful of cultural habits and customs. Workplaces are becoming increasingly global, and while you’re unlikely to cause offense as long as you’re polite, small misunderstandings among employees can hinder good cross-border work.

Here we answer some common questions about business etiquette in Germany. These answers will serve as a jumping-off point, ensuring you start your regional negotiations on the right foot.

1. How should you greet a German business person?

When working internationally, it’s important to establish effective communication between employees, and this all starts with how you introduce yourself. Brush up on your basic German phrases and greet people with a short, firm handshake and your best “ guten tag .”

Business cards can be exchanged at the first meeting if that’s your style, though it isn’t always expected. In German business culture, business cards are typically dispensed to share contact details only when they’re needed.

2. What about day-to-day communication?

In email and in person, men and women should be addressed by their surnames preceded by the title herr or frau , at least until you get to know them better. Similarly, the formal pronoun sie is the most polite way of addressing superiors and people you’re not familiar with. In more laidback workplaces, however, and especially in younger or international companies, the pronoun du and first names will be used from the outset. If you’re unsure about what’s appropriate, listen to how your German colleagues address you and respond in kind.

Don’t worry too much about fumbling the pronunciation of certain German words. Your respect for the country’s language and culture will be appreciated regardless of how well you speak. You can find a more comprehensive guide to everyday etiquette at deutschland.de , which will help you to navigate evenings out with clients and getting around the country.

3. What should you wear to a business meeting in Germany?

Style of dress will vary between industries and cities, but generally speaking, German business attire tends to be a little more professional than most . A formal outfit isn’t expected in every workplace, but it’s best to leave the chinos and sneakers in the closet and slip into something a little sharper to avoid coming across as overly casual, especially in a first meeting.

Men and women will dress more conservatively in a traditional office setting in Germany, even during warmer weather, so a modern, well-fitting suit in a dark color with a white shirt or blouse is a safe bet. Pair your outfit with smart black or brown shoes. Loose-fitting, sloppy, or creased clothing will likely raise a few eyebrows in even the more casual workspaces.

Of course, every workspace is different. If you’re conducting business in Germany, take some sartorial cues from the locals and adjust your outfit as you become more familiar with the vibe of your office and industry. Always err on the side of professionalism to begin with, but like anywhere else in the world, what’s appropriate in the financial sector will look too formal at a tech startup.

4. How do Germans negotiate?

German professionals are well-known for being focused and direct. To uninformed colleagues, this can sometimes be misconstrued as abrupt, but don’t be intimidated. Everyone conducts themselves differently in negotiations, but many Germans prefer to keep their personal and professional worlds separate and may skip small talk and get straight to the matter at hand. Be firm and factual when making your points, try to avoid making too many jokes or chatting idly about the weather, and have a precise agenda in hand before entering into a business discussion.

It’s good business protocol in Germany to stick to the agenda and avoid spontaneously introducing new information or ideas during a meeting. Once a consensus is reached, a debrief and minutes will be shared, and any actionable points will be addressed on an agreed schedule. Attention to detail like this is an important aspect of negotiating in Germany, so make sure you’ve done your research and are thoroughly prepared for questions.

Doing business in Germany is a win-win

With the largest economy in Europe and a thriving startup culture, Germany is a highly desirable place to do business. Getting to know local customs and culture will go a long way toward getting your foot in the door with German clients and partners, and help you to seal the deal.

If you’re considering expanding into Germany or setting up a satellite office of any size, explore WeWork’s fully equipped, amenity-rich, and stylish workspaces in Berlin , Hamburg , Frankfurt , and Munich ; another is scheduled to open in Dusseldorf. Our coworking spaces and hot desks are also ideal for meetings or temporary workspaces while traveling for business in Germany.

Steve Hogarty is a writer and journalist based in London. He is the travel editor of City AM newspaper and the deputy editor of City AM Magazine , where his work focuses on technology, travel, and entertainment.

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Building a company is one thing. Building a company while taking care of your well-being is another. At WeWork’s first-ever Leaders’ Wellness Summit, two successful founders — Janine Yancey and Doug Lessing — opened up about their founder journeys and how wellness played an essential part. Five powerful pieces of advice for founders (from founders […]

Designed to cultivate a positive and respectful working environment, here are the most common coworking etiquette rules.

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Business German: Vocabulary, Etiquette and Tips

Germany is one of the biggest economic, political and manufacturing players in Europe—and arguably the world.

That means if you’re serious about learning the language, you’ll want to wok on becoming what the Germans call verhandlungssicher , or in other words, capable of doing business in the language!

In this article, I’ll be summing up exactly what business German looks like, and why it’s important for you to master it. I’ll also get into business vocabulary and etiquette for the German office.

What Is Business German?

Why learn business german, business german vocabulary: essential words and phrases, respectful ways to address others in german, general business vocabulary.

Job Application (Bewerbungsbogen) Vocabulary

Letter and Email Vocabulary

Phone vocabulary, business meeting (geschäftstreffen) vocabulary, networking (vitamin b) vocabulary, business german etiquette: 11 do’s and don’ts of the german workplace, 1. get your sie and du straight, 2. respect german hierarchies, 3. make sure your bewerbungsbogen is complete, 4. be mindful of how you write your letters, 5. know how to handle negotiations in germany, 6. know the do’s and don’ts of german business meetings, 7. be aware that german speakers don’t mince words, 8. prepare for business meals, 9. dress appropriately when conducting business in germany, 10. follow the rules for german business gift-giving, 11. make jokes when appropriate, 7 hacks to improve your business german, 1. watch german shows set in the workplace, 2. read newspapers, 3. hit the books, 4. find a language exchange partner, 5. use the short videos on fluentu, 6. practice what you learn, 7. take advantage of offline resources, and one more thing....

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere. Click here to get a copy. (Download)

So what exactly is business German?

Simply put, it’s the formal version of German used in workplaces.

It encompasses not only the business-related words and phrases you need to know, but also German business culture and etiquette . You need to know the right time to use certain tones and forms of the language and in what context.

There are a few reasons you want to learn business German.

You’ll increase your overall fluency. Even if you don’t plan to work in a German-speaking country, business German can still teach you about the differences between formal and informal German .
You’ll need it when applying for jobs. If your German resume is up to scratch and you know all your lines for your interview, that’s awesome! You’ve taken the first major step to becoming a business German pro.
You’ll be using business German with everyone at the office—including colleagues who are at the same level as you. Therefore, you need to be at the top of your game with specialized vocab and the polite form of German.
Business German is used throughout the myriad bureaucratic processes of German life. From registering a new address ( sich anmelden ) with the local Citizen’s Office ( Bürgeramt ) to organizing a German visa, there’s loads of everyday situations in Germany that require you to be fluent in the formal register—even if you’re only staying in the country for a few months to study or work.

If your business German is up to speed, you’ll easily sail through these hurdles. Otherwise, you could accidentally offend someone by using informal German with them.

But worry not! It’s not quite as daunting as it sounds—which is where the following sections come in.

Job Application ( Bewerbungsbogen ) Vocabulary

I briefly touched on this earlier in the vocabulary list, but I can’t stress it enough: if you’re in doubt as to whether you should use Sie or du to address people in a business context, use Sie.

In English, there’s only one word for “you.” It doesn’t matter who you’re speaking or writing to and in what context: either way, it’s acceptable to say “you.”

In German, it’s a bit more complicated.

When Germans speak to family members , friends, children and other people they feel close to, they address them with the du form.

However, when they’re speaking to anyone they don’t know or colleagues at work, they switch to the polite Sie. Usually, once you become more familiar with you colleagues, they might say that it’s okay to use du with them. But don’t expect this to happen: you might just have to continue using Sie with them. It all depends on the person and type of organization you’re working in.

There are even verbs that describe each form: duzen (to refer to someone using du ) and siezen (to refer to someone using Sie ).

So if you’re unsure and want to check with someone whether it’s okay to “ du ” them, just ask: Sollen wir uns duzen oder siezen? . (Should we use du or Sie with each other?) But if in doubt, it’s always better to air on the safe side and use the formal Sie !

Since we’re on the topic of addressing people, remember to also use titles and last names when speaking to a person with whom you have a strictly business relationship. If you don’t know the person’s last name, ask them in advance so you know how to address them when you need to. In a business context, use Herr (Mr.) for men and Frau (Ms. / Mrs.) for women.

Also, never try to bypass a person to reach someone of higher status just to close a deal faster (e.g., saying anything like “I want to speak with your manager”). German business deals operate mostly on hierarchy, so try to be patient and work with the person designated to speak with you.

In Germany, it’s not enough to just send out your Lebenslauf (resume) and be done with it. If you want your Bewerbungsbogen (job application) to end up in a German hiring officer’s square bin rather than the circular bin, you need to:

Watch out for word-for-word translations. You’ve probably noticed that a lot of German educational terms don’t translate neatly into English (e.g., associate degrees are considered the equivalent of a German high school diploma). Make sure you ask someone knowledgeable in German educational terminology to look over your qualifications before you send out the translated version of your documents. Or, if you’re really unsure, it’s sometimes better to just put the qualification in English.
The more information about yourself you include, the better. As I mentioned earlier, make sure you attach a photo of yourself and include your marital status. Any hobbies and your age also need to be in there somewhere. It might sound strange (or even intrusive) to include these on a job application, but it’s the norm in Germany!
Include an A nschreiben and Selbstpräsentation . Cover letters and personal introductions aren’t optional in Germany: they’re required. You should also attach certificates from your previous employers (if any) and schools.

No, I’m not talking about the German alphabet (though that will certainly come in handy).

When you’re writing a business letter in German:

Start with the appropriate salutations. If your addressee is a man, you start with Sehr geehrter Herr followed by his last name. If she’s a woman, write Sehr geehrte Frau followed by her last name. Both literally translate to “most respected Mr./Mrs./Ms.” Remember to pay close attention to the masculine or feminine adjective ending.
Use proper punctuation and capitalization. End your salutation with a comma. The next line, which begins the body of the message, is not capitalized unless it’s a proper name, a noun or the pronoun Sie . Put a comma after your ending greeting, followed by your signature on the next line.
Use the right formal ending. Usually, German letters close with Mit freundlichen Grüßen (with friendly greetings). But if you have a more casual relationship with the other person and they close with just Grüße (regards), you can respond in kind.

In Germany, most people expect the utmost respect at all times when conducting business. If, at any point, they feel disrespected during a negotiation or sense that you’re doing something unethical, you may end up kissing that deal goodbye.

Whenever you make a proposal or suggestion, make sure everything is written down and clearly stated. Many Germans base business decisions on empirical evidence and hard facts, not on whether you’re particularly friendly with them.

Also, it’s never a good idea to push a negotiation or discussion to hurry things up. If you feel that your German colleagues are taking more time than you’re comfortable with to reach a decision, politely ask them if they need more information. If they say yes, make sure you give them that new information in the form of solid data.

In any case, expect hard bargaining to take place, as well as heated talks.

When it comes to German business meetings, there are a few things you should keep in mind.

Do show up on time. Don’t ever show up early or late to meetings, because both are considered disrespectful. If showing up on the dot sounds too hard to do, show up early to the meeting, but sit in your car or visit neighboring shops until a few minutes before the meeting time. That way, you won’t look like you’re sitting there waiting for them (which is why being too early is considered as rude as being late).
Do prepare for the meeting as best you can. If possible, take responsibility for managing the tagesordung (agenda) in advance. You can also designate someone else as the writer for the minutes of the meeting if you need one.
Do get right to the meeting. Relationships and small talk aren’t a huge part of German business. You can (and should) still say hello and shake hands, but don’t expect too much in the way of chit-chat.
Do plan meetings at least two to three weeks ahead of time. Time is considered a particularly valuable piece of currency in Germany. Your German colleagues will definitely appreciate you if you let them know exactly when a key event like a meeting will take place.
Do enter the room with the most senior person (on your team) in front. Greet the most senior person on the other side first.
Do hold meetings between 11-1 p.m. and 3-5 p.m. Otherwise, you might end up interfering with your colleagues’ work and personal lives.
Do follow up with the meeting participants after a meeting has ended. It’s not only common, but expected, to have a written follow-up after a business meeting. Within 24 hours, you should send a recap complete with important details such as meeting minutes, topics discussed, deals struck and contracts that need to be signed.
Don’t hold meetings on a Friday afternoon. Much like (most of) the rest of the world, German business people like to wrap up their week in preparation for exciting weekend events.
Don’t hold meetings in July, August or September. These are all holiday months .
Don’t hold meeting during regional events and festivals. This is for the same reason you don’t hold meetings during holiday months.
Don’t take your seat on your own. Instead, wait to be told where to sit.

German speakers can be quite blunt, especially when expressing requests and criticism.

Instead of saying “I’m afraid the printer must have run out of paper,” they’re more likely to say “I need some paper.” Instead of saying, “Your presentation might be improved if you did X,” they’d brusquely respond with, “X is better. Do X next time.”

When your German boss criticizes you like this, they’re not necessarily trying to be mean. From their point of view, they’re just cutting straight to the chase and giving constructive suggestions for improvement.

There’s a German proverb for this: Kein Blatt vor den Mund nehmen , which literally translates to “not to put a leaf in front of your mouth.” It means someone doesn’t hide their words or intentions.

You may be expected to be just as direct in German, so you’ll have to get used to it.

Sometimes, your German counterparts will ask to sit down for a meal with you—in which case you need to brush up on your German restaurant vocabulary .

Also, here’s some basic German meal etiquette to keep in mind:

It’s common for Germans to eat outside. Don’t be surprised to see a cat under the table or a beautiful landscape in the background.
Expect to pay a 5% tip and hand it directly to the waiter. Don’t leave your tip on the table and walk out.
Feel free to drink beer or Schnapps (Schnapps towards the end of the meal). Don’t feel like you should drink if you don’t want to. On that note…
Don’t pressure someone else to drink. The legal drinking age in Germany is 16 for beer and 18 for hard alcohol. It’s pretty common to drink coffee or tea (in the northwest region, at least).

All business attire in Germany is formal, non-flashy and conservative.

Men should wear white shirts, dark ties and dark suits.

Women, on the other hand, should don white blouses, dark suits or conservative dresses. They should also avoid wearing too much jewelry or makeup.

Both men and women should refrain from removing a jacket or any article of clothing until your German counterpart does so.

You’re usually not expected to bring a gift when meeting a German person for business. But if you receive one, it’s customary to open it on the spot. You should say something like Danke für das Geschenk (Thank you for the gift.)

Also, business social events will likely involve gift exchanges. To be on the safe side, I suggest that you stick to office items like high-quality pens or mouse pads with your company logo. Wine and liquor work nicely as well.

When going to a business associate’s home, you can bring a gift of wine or chocolates . It’s also considered nice to gift something that represents your home country.

Although flowers are acceptable, I strongly recommend against them because there are way too many rules regarding colors and the number of flowers. For example, red roses mean that you’re in love with the person and carnations represent mourning.

When giving gifts, say Hier ist ein Geschenk. Es ist ein… (Here is a gift. It’s a…).

Contrary to popular belief, Germans actually have a sense of humor. (I mean, imagine naming “networking” after a type of vitamin. Only the Germans could’ve thought of that.)

Of course, jokes in German should be made in good taste—and not waste time that your colleagues could’ve spent finishing up their work for the day.

Now that you’re officially ready to polish up on your German for professional use, here are our handy hacks.

There are loads of fun ways to help you improve your German listening skills . But listening to radio hosts presenting pop songs isn’t necessarily the best way to target your business German skills.

One way to prepare your ears for the professional world is by watching TV shows set in workplaces.

One great example is “Stromberg,” the German version of “The Office.” It’s just as funny as the UK and American versions—not to mention educational.

You’ll be able to see business German in action, like how Germans go about using Sie with their colleagues. It’s also a good idea to have a notebook handy so you can jot down any useful vocab you pick up while watching.

Most “Stromberg” episodes are up on YouTube and on German Netflix.

You can also look for business-related YouTube videos and movies to spot more business vocabulary in use.

Now that you’ve practiced some listening, how about some reading?

One way to get started is by trying out some German newspapers . It’s also an excellent way to learn just what exactly is going on in the German business world.

When choosing a newspaper, opt for a broadsheet such as Die Zeit or Die Welt . These will have slightly longer and more complicated sentences than the tabloids—much better for improving your language skills! They’ll also use a much richer vocabulary in their writing.

Don’t want to splash out cash on foreign papers? Fair enough—but most of their articles are also published online, so you have no excuse!

If you want to learn business German the old-fashioned way, there are plenty of German books you can get your hands on.

For example, Dialog Beruf (Dialogue Career) is a well-known series of textbooks often used in business German classes. They’re quite handy for self-study.

Sometimes, the books may cover industries that seem obscure or irrelevant to you. If it doesn’t seem important to your goals or your line of work, skip it! Focus instead on the more relevant vocabulary, grammar and cultural context that these books provide.

Right, so that’s reading and listening done. Now, it’s time for some speaking !

If you haven’t found yourself a language exchange partner already, now is the time to do so.

Essentially, a language exchange partner is a native speaker of your target language who will help you learn their language if you help them learn yours. You can pick their brains about their experiences working in their home country in German .

One way to learn with a language exchange partner is to do role plays with them. For example, you can set up an interview scenario where they can play the interviewer and you the interviewee. Not only is it great German practice, but it’ll also let you know what kind of questions are usually asked in German interviews.

Many language departments in colleges and universities can help you find a language exchange partner . They’ll often have a noticeboard of adverts where you can take a look and see if anyone is offering the language you’re after.

Alternatively, websites such as MeetUp are great for finding German speaking events. You’ll be sure to find people willing to swap languages once you get out into the wider German-speaking community.

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FluentU ‘s German videos include an entire business category. Videos in this category cover many topics and industries, including real estate, technology, banking , design and more. You can organize these clips by difficulty to make it easier to find something that suits your needs whether you’re a beginner or nearly fluent.

For example, if you’re looking for a job, consider this guide to preparing for interviews in German . Practice your chosen phrases aloud (ideally with a fellow student or a native German speaker), though the mirror will do if you’re short on time or company.

And if you’re worried memory will fail, write down your new vocab in a notebook or on flashcards and take them along with you for a last-minute refresher.

If you’re lucky, you might have access to business German classes at your local college, language school or Goethe Institute.

Alternatively, you can travel to a German-speaking region, take some business German classes and immerse yourself in the language and culture before trying to apply for jobs. When you’re actually in a German-speaking place, you have way more opportunities to practice native speech than you would have otherwise.

If you practice a particular profession (such as architecture or journalism), it’s also worth looking up their industry groups online. Many have working groups that meet on a monthly or bi-monthly basis to coordinate events and projects.

In these slightly less business-like environments, you might find that participants tend to address each other with the informal du and euch (you and you-plural, respectively). However, meetings are likely to still follow a relatively formal structure, giving you exposure to typical protocol and behavior, though in a friendlier environment than a strictly business context.

Shaking hands is a typical way to greet one another . Don’t be surprised, though, if you have to make the first move when it comes to introductions. This initial reservation towards strangers can be quickly overcome by a friendly smile and greeting on your part.

Once you start with these hacks, you should quickly pick up all the vocab that’ll make you a whiz in business German.

With your newfound confidence, you’ll be ready to consider spending a semester abroad or looking for a German work placement.

Then you can show off your skills in a thoroughly professional environment!

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If you intend to practice some German beforehand, make sure you will know the difference between ‘Sie’ (the polite form of ‘you’) and ‘Du’ (the informal one). A foreign lady once addressed a policeman using the form “Du” while talking to him. He was so insulted that he arrested her. A newspaper carried the story under the musical headline, “You DU Something to Me!” We then wondered: is it “Much aDU about Nothing” or are these things to consider carefully?

At Today Translations, we have a broad network of experts, based in both Germany and the UK, on hand to consult and advice on how your business should best approach the German the market.

Why invest in Germany?

– As Europe’s leading economy, as well as one of the world’s largest, Germany can boast a leading position within a number of industries, especially when it comes to manufacturing and production.

– The implementation of highly-developed and technologically refined industrial technology means that Germany is one of the world’s leading exporters (behind only the US and China), with its production focusing mainly on cars, machinery and chemical products. In fact, according to the World Trade Organisation , Germany boasts the second highest trade surplus, second to Saudi Arabia.

– Germany also finds itself as a global leader in the of sophisticated and green energy industry and in transportation infrastructures, such as motorways, railways and airports.

– Germany’s free-market laws, generally speaking, do not discriminate between German and foreign nationals when it comes to establishing or investing in companies while incentive programs and intellectual property laws apply to both local and foreign investors and entrepreneurs.

– Germany’s free market laws also grant the country freedom from general regulations on day-to-day business practices.

Business Mentality

– German businesses are generally quite averse to risk, making the decision-making process slow. Expect every detail of your proposal will be carefully and thoroughly examined.

– Similarly, German businesses don’t respond well to ambiguity and uncertainty. Business meetings follow a formal procedure. German managers work from precise and detailed agendas , which are usually followed rigorously. Meetings always aim for decisive outcomes and results, rather than providing a forum for open and general discussion.

– German business culture has a well-defined and strictly observed hierarchy , with clear responsibilities and distinctions between roles and departments. Professional rank and status in Germany is generally based on an individual’s achievement and expertise, therefore academic titles and backgrounds are important. They show expertise and knowledge.

– In negotiations, Germans are usually direct and frank about what they want and they expect you to do the same.

– Always present all the facts as thoroughly as possible; be well informed. Try to avoid using hard selling techniques, glitzy advertising, illustrations or memorable slogans.

– Similarly, Germans will make presentations using a lot of facts and figures . During a meeting, stock up on coffee and be prepared to go through myriads of figures, graphs, tables, pie charts, etc.

– Germans shake hands in greeting. Note that you will have to shake hands with everyone in a room before a meeting or a conference – an ignorant wave will not do. If you have to leave early, shake everyone’s hand again starting with the most senior person and working down.

– The German handshake is firm and brief , conveying confidence and reliability. Make sure yours is the same; a weak handshake will inspire insecurity.

– First names are generally only used with family and close friends , so always use last names and appropriate titles of courtesy. It is also common for colleagues that have worked together for years to still keep this level of formality.

The Art of Conversation

– If you do not speak German, be careful of addressing a person in English . While Germans can speak very good English, some may well feel offended by the presumption.

– Appropriate welcome topics are: football, recent holidays, work, beer.

– Germans do not find it hard to say “No”, “I can’t”, or “This is impossible”, so you will get a straightforward answer .

Body language

– Make sure to maintain eye contact when addressing your German colleagues, especially during initial introductions.

– Never put your hands in your pockets while speaking.

– Do not point your index finger to your own head – it is an insult.

Basic Facts

– Germany’s motto is “Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit”, which means “Unity and Justice and Freedom”.

– The official name is the Federal Republic of Germany.

– Germany’s total population is 82 million, making it the largest domestic market within the European Union

– The capital and also the largest city is Berlin.

– Frankfurt, Germany’s fifth largest city, is the largest financial centre in mainland Europe.

– The most widely spoken foreign languages are English (spoken by 56 per cent of the population), French (15 per cent) and Russian (5 per cent).

– The most widely spoken immigrant languages are Turkish, Russian and Polish.

Business meetings and meals

– The dress code in corporate business is formal, dark and conservative for both men and women. Dress codes in the IT sector are more casual.

– Punctuality in German business culture is sacred. Arriving 15 minutes late will be considered a very serious offence.

– The best time to schedule a business appointment is between 10:00 am and 1:00 pm or between 3:00 pm and 5:00 pm. Avoid scheduling appointments on Friday afternoon, as some offices will close by 2:00 pm or 3:00 pm on Fridays.

– Bring a plentiful supply of business cards . It is not necessary to have the reverse side translated. Include your full title or position, any university degrees you have earned and professional organisations membership.

– In Germany, a small gift is considered polite , especially when contacts are made for the first time. Do not bring a substantial gift, especially before a deal has been reached.

– After returning home, remember to send a hand-written card to your hosts for their invitation.

– If you are attending a business meal , wait for the host to initiate most things – drinking wine, eating and conversation. It is polite to wish everyone “Guten Appetit” before starting to eat.

– When drinking, you can toast with “Prost” or “Zum Wohl” and make sure to keep eye contact. Hopefully, the meal will follow the German toast “Erst mach dein Sach dann trink und lach!”, which means “First take care of business, then drink and laugh!”

– The German etiquette says that the person making the invitation should pay the bill. You will not seem generous and polite if you fight for the bell. On the contrary, your persistence will result in a serious offence.

– For restaurants and taxis, a tip of 10% or slightly less is sufficient.

Other fun facts

– Germany is the most densely populated country in Europe.

– Although called Oktoberfest, the popular beer festival starts in September.

– There are 20 million Gnomes in gardens across Germany.

– The world’s tallest cathedral is in Ulm, Germany.

– Germans answer the phone with their surname instead of “Hello!”.

– The longest word published in the German language is “ Donaudampfschifffahrtselektrizitätenhauptbetriebswerk-bauuntereamtengesellschaft ” (79 letters). Try saying that five times fast!

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Very Deutsch

A guide for German Business Meeting Etiquette

German business practices often are different to those practiced in other countries, so it is important that you are aware of these when dealing with potential clients or business partners.

We will guide you and help you with the most suited approach, so that you are well versed when it comes to how best to conduct yourself in business relations with German clients. In the following you will find some generally applicable codes of conduct. Please note that these should be seen as a broad guide. Feel free to reach out to us to get more specific advices!

Form of adress

Germans are very obsessed with credentials. While in other countries like the US it may seem odd to address someone with their PhD title it is absolutly common and good manners to do so in Germany. Thus, the proper form to address them is „Mr./Mrs. Dr. [last name]“.

Vice versa, be sure to communicate your particular position or title. This will help establish your authority and set the tone for your subsequent business interactions. If you don’t speak German, we can act in an interpreting capacity if needed to demonstrate your professionalism and facilitate communication.

There is no general rule how people adress eachother in a work context. While some business meetings may be very formal you might also attend business meetings in Germany that are less formal. A general advice we give our clients is to rather be more formal in the beginning if you are unsure what the context and setting requires. It is always easier to switch to less formal from there.

Communication via e-mail and phone

The right tone for a business e-mail in Germany differs a lot from habits in other countries like the USA for example. Any e-mail you write to a business contact in Germany should be written in a formal style. This particularly means that it must contain a proper form of address (e.g. „Dear Mr. XY“) as well as a greeting phrase add the end (e.g. „Best regards“). It is not appropriate to start an e-mail without a proper form of address or just by their name. Another standard for business e-mails in Germany is that it should always include an e-mail signature. An appropriate signature should necessarily include your full name, titel, position, company name, contact info.

Be aware that Germans often take some time to respond to an e-mail but you will end up getting a more extensive response with validated information and/or a thought out decision, which ever the context may be. Many German business people prefer this sort of communication over a quick back and forth of e-mail exchange.

Generally spoken, you should not just pick up the phone and call your client at any time but instead make an appointment with them (or through their assistant) for a phone call. You should never call your German business partner at home unless it is an emergency.

Punctuality

Punctuality is specifically important and considered good manners in Germany. Always be on time for business meetings. Call the person you are meeting with if you are going to be more than 10 minutes late to an in-person meeting. If a call is set-up with a German business contact, it is appropriate to send a brief e-mail to the person if you are even just going to be 5 minutes late. Note that a lack of punctuality may cost you a business relation in Germany, so make it your priority to be on time for those meetings. And if in exceptions you cannot make it on time: let them know as soon as possible. The same applies in case you may have to fully cancel a meeting.

An on-time delivery of information, products, proposals, etc to clients is likewise important.

Business meeting practices

In Germany it is common business meeting practice to have an agenda prepared in advance to a meeting. Gernerally we also advice to take notes and share those with your meeting partners as a follow-up along with a thank you for the meeting you had with them. It is worthy going that extra mile to impress German business people with your structured and thorough approach to the meeting. Although there are situations where this rule does not apply. If you are meeting your client for lunch in a reataurant that setting does not allow for you to take notes. If you need advice on a specific case, we will be glad to help you!

In some cases we advice our clients to provide their contacts with a German translation of certain pertinent documents. This may not be required but impressing your client this way might sometimes be worth it! BDG can advice you in this and provide translations.

As in other countries around the globe, having the dress-code right, when attending a business meeting or event is very important. There is no general advice for a proper dress code for business meetings in Germany as this is very much dependent on different factors. In Berlin-Mitte you might deal with a young and funky audience, whilst in Munich the most exquisite tie can be required! We understand the German culture and business etiquette and are happy to advice you in this matter!

Meeting style

Germans often appear reserved and unfriendly to foreigners until they get to know them better (and sometimes still then). Do not get irritated by any reserve you might sense – this is not necessarily a bad sign! Be aware of the culturel differences. Germans are generally more reserved and their focus might often lie on the business. There is also a tendency to start with the precise business topics fastly in a meeting.

Avoid exaggerations and high-pressure talk/strategies, this will be considered offensive.

Presentations

Written or spoken presentations should be specific, factual, technical and realistic. It may not be required but a worthy gesture to hand a printout of your presentation out to everyone in the meeting. Do this before starting your presentation so your audience can take notes in it.

Other business materials such as reports/briefings/etc. should be backed up with facts, figures, tables and charts. Having a structured presentation with an appropriate layout prepared is absolutely necessary. We can help you with that.

Gifts are normally not exchanged at business meetings, but small gifts may be appropriate at the successful conclusion of negotiations.

When invited to someone’s home, always bring a small gift for the hostess. For a large party, send flowers before the party or the next day.

Business lunches and dinners

It is possible but uncommen to meet your business partner for breakfast. A business lunch is usually preferred by German business people. Other business code of conducts for Germany may tell you not to discuss business during a business lunch but instead have a social conversation. This is actually not a rule that generally applies. We advice you to be sensitive to what type of conversation the situation requires.

Generally spoken, if you are specifically meeting your business partner for lunch, logically you will be discussing business during or after lunch. If you are in a full day meeting with a client and you go out to lunch together, it’s a different story. This will be your opportunity to connect with your business partner on a more personal level. Mind not to get too personal though, Germans are reserved and like to keep a distance between their personal and professional lifes.

At a dinner party, mind not to drink before the hose has done a toast and drunk, then everyone else is welcome to drink as well. Same applies at a business dinner at a restaurant. Spouses are not generally included in a business dinner unless this has specifically been communicated.

Guten Appetit is said before eating and means “enjoy your meal”. It is the host’s way of saying, “please start”. Guests can respond by saying “Danke. Guten Appetit”. Of course it is okay to respond in English as well – but if you feel comfortable saying it in German, this could be friendly small gesture towards your German clients.

Whether at lunch or at dinner: keep your hands on the table at all times during a meal — not in your lap. However, take care to keep your elbows off the table.

Usually smoking is not permitted in German restaurants. Although there are some places where it is explicitly allowed to smoke. Smoking may also be allowed in outside areas of a restaurant. In any case, do not smoke until after dinner is finished and coffee is served. Ask permission of your meeting partners if it is okay for you to smoke.

Business transactions

Decision making often is slow with thorough analysis of all facts. Decisions are often debated informally and are generally made before meetings with compliance rather than consensus expected in the meeting.

Germans are not comfortable handling the unexpected. Plans are cautious with fallback positions, contingency plans, and comprehensive action steps – carried out to the letter.

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German's business etiquette.

Business etiquette in germany is laid upon social responsibility, corruption free environment, strict formal business dress code and rules and regulations that allow people to maintain clear lines of demarcation between relationships.

‍ In our societies, people’s attitudes, behavior and values are normally the foundation to the countries’ culture. They mostly develop the business traditions within and without the state affecting the people positively or if bad, negatively. They vary from nation to nation and in different ethnicity, they get embedded within the community structure. In different aspects, Germans are considered master planners. They are real masters in planning since they are able to think and organize themselves very well. They will know where to be at a specific day and a specific time. Their way of thinking is impeccable because they get deep into the detail of the particular project being examined.

A sense of security comes along with careful planning, both personally and in their businesses. Germans ways of living and working are basically defined and controlled by the structures meaning that they use laws, rules, and procedures. All these are evident in the economic, political and social perspectives of the country. Rules and regulations will make people know what is expected of them and thus guide them to plan and run their errands accordingly. The citizens believe that keeping clear lines of demarcation separating people, places, and things is the surest way to have an ordered and structured life.

In their business culture, they show it by adhering to the prescribed business rules leading to a low degree of adjustability, flexibility and spontaneity in the documented rules, attitudes and values. If there are changes in the business culture, even if the changes can positively impact the outcome, they are unwelcome. Business is to them is very serious and Germans do not like joking around in business. Work and personal lives are rigidly divided and they subscribe to the fact that there is a proper time and place for every activity. One thing to note is that their business etiquette is of great importance to them especially when you are involved in the trade. Germany is a country that is very individualistic, and always demands utmost respect. Unethical business conduct will seriously diminish all future business negotiations. Businessmen who wish to benefit from their travels in the Eurozone need to know the culture and customs of the countries they wish to visit. Cultural adaptation and adjustability should provide the guiding principles for doing business in Germany.

Manners, methods, religious customs, and corporate social responsibility in business are in the following sections. Some of the cultural distinctions that business people often face are; differences in business styles, attitudes towards punctuality, attitudes towards building a good business relationships, giving gifts and the meaning of colors and numbers. An insight into the values, attitudes and culture of Germany is discussed below.

Communal Responsibility

The German government is strict on environmental issues of the country and the inclusion of the Green party in the ruling coalition was to influence Germany’s energy and environmental policy goals. They were to remove nuclear power, promote energy efficiency, renewable energy investments. Due to this Germany is now a pioneer EU state in reducing the greenhouse gases released and the creation of alternative fuel sources. Germany is now the world leader in wind energy production. There are setbacks like when coal is used in industries, there is pollution of the air leading to acid rain that will as a result damage the country’s forest cover. The Baltic Sea has been polluted by sewage and industrial waste from rivers in Eastern Germany remaining to be an environmental problem. In the year 2000 the administration came up with a mechanism for ending the use of nuclear power in the next 15 years. It has committed itself to the EU requirement of preserving nature. It is proud to have the greatest solar and wind electricity production capacity in the continent.

Punctuality

Germans like it when they divide their country into controllable sections. Due to this, time is managed carefully and calendars, schedules and agendas must be respected by all citizens. Arrival and departure of trains is on the exact stipulated time, carefully scheduled together with its projects and the organisational charts meticulously detailed. While doing business in Germany, do not turn up late for an appointment or a meeting. Germans are very punctual and even a few minutes delay can offend them. If you will delay even slightly for a meeting, it is good to call ahead and explain your situation. For important meetings and appointments, be early by ten minutes.

Offering Gifts

In Germany this gift giving is not common among business associates. Recently, they moved towards concentrating on the actual business at hand without distractions of incentives and formalities. However, on social events gift giving and taking is a norm. The crucial things to take into account when giving a gift are;

Giving out a gift that is small and of good quality, but of a sensible price.
Acceptable gifts in business can be office equipment, good quality pens with your firm’s logo or liquor.
If invited to a German residence, it is advisable to bring a bouquet of flowers, wine, chocolates or a small gift representing your region or country.
Flowers are commonly given in odd numbers and unwrapped. Do not present 13 of any type of flowers or red roses unless packed and wrapped by a qualified florist
Do not give red roses since they represent love and romance.
Carnations are not given as gifts because they symbolize mourning.
Do not give chrysanthemums and lilies because they are common in burials.
Gifts are normally opened when received.

Generally, gifts in Germany are same as other European countries in terms of gift giving and receiving.

Formal dress code

Germans are proud of their dressing and elegance. This is irrespective of where they are going and what position they hold in the society. Their appearance and presentation is important, especially when dealing with matters on business. Even when informally dressed, they consider neatness and being conservative. The outfit should not be ostentatious. The correct dress code should obey the following principles:

It’s important to be neatly dressed. Casual attire is not very pleasant.
Germans believe in understated, conservative and formal business wear
The appropriate clothing for businessmen is dark colored, solid conservative suits, white shirts and conservative ties.
German business women also clad dark suits and white blouses. Never get rid of your jackets or ties before your colleague does so.
Women should not wear heavy makeup or jewelry
White socks can be occasionally matched up with a dark suit.

Bribery and corruption

According to Transparency International with a source of 79 out of 100, Germany is placed in the 13th position out of 176 in the corruption perceptions index. The construction sector and public contractors with political party influence raises concerns in the integrity and fairness in the sectors. Germany has generally reduced domestic and foreign corruption. Strict laws against corruption are rigorously enforced. The country ratified the 1998 OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in February 1999 making bribery a crime to the public officers, citizens and firms abroad. Germany has signed the UN Anti-Corruption Convention that is yet to be enforced and ratified. The country contributes in relevant EU fight against corruption. Bribery penalties have increased for German officials got involved in this vice especially with or between companies that price-fix while competing for public contracts. They have also strengthened anti-corruption provisions applying support extended by official export credit agency and tightened rules for acquiring public tenders. The government and the local authorities have avenues and contact points for whistle blowing and rotating workers in departments prone to corruption.

The government officials are forbidden from receiving any gifts especially from associates linked to their offices. Other individual states keep registers and the registry is also being sought in the federal level. Transparency Deutschland, the German Chapter of Transparency International, sees a national corruption register as the main goal in Germany closely followed by Freedom of Information laws at the federal and state level. They also strive to ratify the UN Anti-Corruption Convention that will place bribery of parliamentarians on the same levels as the one of public officials. The government has successfully prosecuted hundreds of domestic cases with the numbers increasing over the last two years. Since 1999 only one case of bribery against a foreign German official has been carried out. This is since the country complied with the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. It shows how Germany is in itself discipline when carrying out business both locally and internationally.

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German Business Culture and Doing Business in Germany

by Chris Smit | Mar 19, 2018 | Business

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Doing Business in Germany & German Business Culture Dissected

[4-mins read].

In this article, I am dissecting German business culture and will give you some practical advice on doing business in Germany in a business context.

Doing Business in Germany, What Will You Learn?

Business is done with direct communication. Yes is yes, no is no.
Humor is seen as a serious thing; be careful with making jokes (especially if you don’t know your other party well).
Contrary to common belief, Germany and Germans are not hierarchical; they are formal.
Again, Germans are formal in their business.
Titles are important (Dr. Prof. etc.); address your business partner using the last name
Make sure you come on time. It’s not even a cliché
Know your business inside out.

Of course, when the context changes, some of the advice I give here will apply more or will apply slightly less.

To get you motivated to read this entire article, watch this short, 3-minute video introducing you to 10 interesting facts about Germany

What this article is not about.

In this article, I’m talking about current German business culture and I will not dive into the past of historical Germany, let alone the dark periods of World War One and Two. If you’re interested in that, here are some good starting points:

German history during WW1
German history during WW2

What This Article Is About

This article sheds light and will give practical advice on doing business in Germany and focussing on the actual, current German business culture.

Looking back at how things were in the past is useful to understand the current state of affairs. But I think that belongs more in a history class. If you are doing business in Germany and are bumping into cultural differences, you want to get some ideas on how to overcome these difficulties now. That is what you will find in this article

Doing Business in Germany; Some Facts and Figures

Here are first some facts about Germany as a country.

Germany is slightly smaller than the state of Montana in the US
And has about twice as many inhabitants as the state of California (80 million in Germany)
Berlin is 9 times (!) bigger than Paris and has more bridges than Venice (Amsterdam has even more…)
Escaping from prison in Germany is not punishable but is seen as a human right
Chinese checkers was invented in Germany
The German Parliament building has a glass dome above it that people can climb using a spiral ramp. The Dome symbolizes that the people are above the government, and the government should be transparent

The Cultural Breakdown of German Business Culture

When we look at the four primary dimensions of culture and compare them with some other countries, the unique cultural profile of Germany is clearly visible. To read more about these dimensions first, go here . (Any score less or more than 10 points is significant).

Possibly the biggest surprise is the fact that Germany is not as hierarchical as most people think. Compared with the Netherlands and the US, there is no significant difference.

What we perceive as being hierarchical when doing business in Germany comes from the relatively higher score on Predictability; in other words, Germans are not hierarchical but are more formal and procedural.

When doing business in Germany it is important to realize that you have to be a technical specialist if you come and join the negotiation table. Something that Dutch, Americans, and Chinese are not necessarily good at.

Setting clear-cut goals are important as it is to come up with a plan on how to execute this.

If you disagree with your German project leader, you can freely do so. But… you have to come up with a better solution. Don’t just disagree for the sake of disagreeing. That won’t get you any credits.

Also, realize that Germans from the South of the country generally don’t call themselves Germans but rather “ from Bavaria ” (the state where München is the capital). Although the Brits can do this as well, the Germans have a stronger affiliation with being from Bavaria than the Brits do.

From a cultural perspective, it does not make a difference when you’re doing business with Germany; the reason being is that if you’re not German, you will highly likely not see the differences anyway.

Business Etiquette in Germany

When it comes to business etiquette in Germany there are probably as many as there are in other countries around the world.

There are a couple I’d like to single out here.

Humor. For as much as it sounds like a contradiction, it is still true: humor for Germans is a serious thing. In other words, there is a time and a place to be funny. Don’t start your meeting with a joke. (to see this in context, watch this TEDx talk).
When ordering a beer in Germany, don’t be surprised if you have to wait for exactly 7 minutes before the beer is given to you. For me, this was a really strange business etiquette in Germany.
After a good business presentation the business etiquette in Germany is not to clap, but to knock loudly on the table. It is a sign of appreciation, so make sure to smile.
Germany sells deep-frozen pizzas with an Academic title: Dr. Oetker pizzas… a sign of appreciation of formality and titles in German culture.

I hope that with this article you have some more insights into German business culture and doing business in Germany with four distinct business etiquettes in Germany.

If you want to read more about international negotiations, click here . To read more about cultural differences in business and how to fix those, click here.

An article about humor in different countries can be found here.

Should you have more questions or if you want to learn more, drop me a line or post a comment below.

Get a taste of how chris presents, watch his tedx talk.

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4 Ideas You Can Steal from these Business Etiquettes Twitter LinkedIn Facebook reddit StumbleUpon buffer Gmail 4 Ideas You Can Steal from these Business Etiquettes In earlier posts that...
The German Culture and German Humor Twitter LinkedIn Facebook reddit StumbleUpon buffer Gmail Author Recent Posts Chris SmitChris is passionate about Cultural Differences. He has been...
Doing Business with the Netherlands and Dutch Business Culture Twitter LinkedIn Facebook reddit StumbleUpon buffer Gmail Author Recent Posts Chris SmitChris is passionate about Cultural Differences. He has been...
Doing Business in France; French Business Culture Twitter LinkedIn Facebook reddit StumbleUpon buffer Gmail Author Recent Posts Chris SmitChris is passionate about Cultural Differences. He has been...

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