veterinary parasitology research topics

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Evaluation of genotoxic effect via expression of DNA damage responsive gene induced by ivermectin on MDBK cell line

Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Zainab Farhad,  [ ... ], Khalid Mehmood

Glossina austeni tsetse fly of Arabuko Sokoke National Reserve in Kenya">Putative bloodmeal sources in Glossina austeni tsetse fly of Arabuko Sokoke National Reserve in Kenya

Kennedy O. Ogolla, Billiah K. Bwana,  [ ... ], Paul O. Mireji

Diversity and prevalence of zoonotic infections at the animal-human interface of primate trafficking in Peru

A. Patricia Mendoza, Ana Muñoz-Maceda,  [ ... ], Marieke H. Rosenbaum

Fundamental limits of parasitoid-driven host population suppression: Implications for biological control

Abhyudai Singh

Endoparasites in dogs diagnosed at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH)-University of Bologna, combined with clinicopathological results. A long-term retrospective secondary data study

Benedetto Morandi, Maria Chiara Sabetti,  [ ... ], Roberta Galuppi

Molecular diagnosis of intestinal protozoa in young adults and their pets in Colombia, South America

Caterine Potes-Morales, Maria del Pilar Crespo-Ortiz

Prevalence of pathogenic trypanosome species in naturally infected cattle of three sleeping sickness foci of the south of Chad

Joël Vourchakbé, Arnol Auvaker Zebaze Tiofack,  [ ... ], Gustave Simo

Onchocerca lupi and host Canis lupus from onchocercosis samples">LupiQuant: A real-time PCR based assay for determining host-to-parasite DNA ratios of Onchocerca lupi and host Canis lupus from onchocercosis samples

Chandler C. Roe, Jennifer Urbanz,  [ ... ], Jason W. Sahl

Automatic identification of intestinal parasites in reptiles using microscopic stool images and convolutional neural networks

Carla Parra, Felipe Grijalva,  [ ... ], Diego Benítez

Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two imidocarb formulations in cattle after subcutaneous injection

Honglei Wang, Chen Chen,  [ ... ], Xiubo Li

Proportion and seasonality of blood parasites in animals in Mosul using the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Lab data

Hussam M. S. Alimam, Dhiyaa A. Moosa,  [ ... ], Eman D. Hadi

Genome-wide association study of trypanosome prevalence and morphometric traits in purebred and crossbred Baoulé cattle of Burkina Faso

Bernadette Yougbaré, Albert Soudré,  [ ... ], Gábor Mészáros

The potential economic benefits of controlling trypanosomiasis using waterbuck repellent blend in sub-Saharan Africa

Zewdu Abro, Menale Kassie,  [ ... ], Kalinga Chilongo

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Release of Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae from live intermediate hosts under stress

• Anna Šipková
• Lucia Anettová
• David Modrý

Effects of ivermectin on development of Calliphora vicina , Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 (Diptera, Calliphoridae)

• Lucía E. Iglesias
• Milagros Junco
• Carlos A. Saumell

Intra- and interspecies variation and population dynamics of Fasciola gigantica among ruminants in Sudan

• Kamal Ibrahim
• Elisha Chatanga
• Bashir Salim

The prevalence of Pfk13 polymorphism in malaria patients treated with artemisinin-based therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Dang The Hung
• Nguyen Tien Huy

Endoparasitic helminth fauna and diet of Geophagus sveni (Pisces) in Upper Paraná River basin

• Aymar Orlandi Neto
• Lidiane Franceschini
• Igor Paiva Ramos

Biomarkers of gastrointestinal nematodes in beef cattle raised in a tropical area

• Vinícius Duarte Rodrigues
• Dyego Gonçalves Lino Borges
• Fernando de Almeida Borges

Unresolved haemosporidia of the Australian skink, Egernia stokesii

• Kristína Zechmeisterová
• Michael George Gardner
• Pavel Široký

Human diphyllobothriasis in Argentina: assessing the epidemiological significance from historical records and reports of new cases

• Liliana Semenas
• Marina Arbetman
• Sergio Bontti

Detrimental effects of amitraz exposure in honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) infected with Nosema ceranae

• Camila Zufriategui
• Martín Pablo Porrini
• Paula Melisa Garrido

Functional similarity affects similarity in partner composition in flea-mammal networks

• Boris R. Krasnov
• Irina S. Khokhlova
• Luther van der Mescht

Unveiling genotypic diversity of Theileria orientalis in lethal outbreaks among bovines in Karnataka, India

• Siju Susan Jacob
• Pinaki Prasad Sengupta
• Gundallahalli Bayyappa Manjunatha Reddy

Nemabiome metabarcoding shows a high prevalence of Haemonchus contortus and predominance of Camelostrongylus mentulatus in alpaca herds in the northern UK

• Osama Zahid
• Meghan Butler
• Neil Sargison

Pathological, morphological, and molecular characterization of the infection by Brachycladium goliath in humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae

• Derek Blaese de Amorim
• Manoela Marchezan Piva
• Luciana Sonne

Epidemiology of rumen fluke infection in selected buffalo farms in perak, malaysia: prevalence, molecular species identification, and associated risk factors

• Nazir Ahmad Tookhy
• Nur-Mahiza Md Isa
• Shoaib Ahmad Shakhes

Pinworm Blatticola blattae infection and survival of starving German cockroach Blattella germanica

• Masuko Kobayashi
• Kensuke Taira

The effect of feeding on different hosts on the egg proteins in Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis tick

• Tian-Yin Cheng

Anti- Anisakis antibodies in colon cancer patients and their relationship with γδ T-cells

• Juan C. Andreu-Ballester
• Carmen Cuéllar
• Antonio Llombart-Cussac

Dirofilaria immitis and Onchocercidae spp. in wild felids from Brazil

• Renata Fagundes-Moreira
• Marcos Antônio Bezerra-Santos
• João Fabio Soares

Field comparison of broad-spectrum white LED-baited traps with narrow-spectrum green LED-baited traps in the capture of Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Francinaldo Soares Silva
• Joany da Costa Viana
• Benedita Maria Costa Neta

First report of Sarcocystis falcatula in naturally infected Razorbill auks ( Alca torda ) collected in Tunisian Mediterranean Sea shores

• Ines Hammami
• Oumayma Timoumi
• Mohamed Gharbi

Amoebicidal effect of chlorine dioxide gas against pathogenic Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba polyphaga

• Hae-Jin Sohn
• A-Young Park
• Ho-Joon Shin

Microfilaruria of Dirofilaria immitis in a dog from Italy

• Livia Perles
• Floriana Gernone
• Domenico Otranto

Global profiling of protein S-palmitoylation in the second-generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella

C-type lectin 4 of Toxocara canis activates NF-ĸB and MAPK pathways by modulating NOD1/2 and RIP2 in murine macrophages in vitro

• Bing-Nan Wang
• Rong-Qiong Zhou

Low diversity, high dominance, and high host prevalence of parasitic isopods of the family Cymothoidae in Chilika lagoon, India: a comparative study between a semi-enclosed ecosystem and its adjoining open region

• Sandeep Kumar Mohapatra
• Anshuman Swain
• Jaya Kishor Seth

Order and timing of infection with different parasite life stages impacts host and parasite life histories

• Grace A. Schumacher
• Bailey R. Pyle
• J. Trevor Vannatta

Differential susceptibility of Onchocerca ochengi adult male worms to flubendazole in gerbils and hamsters

• Glory Enjong Mbah
• Rene Bilingwe Ayiseh
• Fidelis Cho-Ngwa

Piperine, quercetin, and curcumin identified as promising natural products for topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis

• Camila M. Clemente
• Javier Murillo
• Soledad Ravetti

New insights into avian malaria infections in New Zealand seabirds

• Jerusha Bennett
• Chris N. Niebuhr
• Antoine Filion

Molecular detection and genotyping of Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis sp. in housefly Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae): first report for Dientamoeba fragilis

• Alparslan Yildirim
• Onder Duzlu

High prevalence of haemosporidian parasites in Eurasian jays

• Yvonne R. Schumm
• Naemi Lederer-Ponzer
• Petra Quillfeldt

Comparative analysis of metacyclogenesis and infection curves in different discrete typing units of Trypanosoma cruzi

• Tatiana M. Cáceres
• Lissa Cruz-Saavedra
• Juan David Ramírez

Considering ivermectin for treatment of schistosomiasis

• Jacob Golenser
• Daniel Gold

Giardia telomeres and telomerase

• Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel

First detection of F1534C kdr insecticide resistance mutation in Aedes aegypti in Sudan

• Kheder Noaman
• Sara A. Abuelmaali
• Rania M. H. Baleela

Detection of ectoparasites and investigation of infection by Rickettsia spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in bats from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

• Daniele da Silva
• Fabiana Raquel Ratzlaff
• Luís Antônio Sangioni

Rapid visual detection of Giardia duodenalis in faecal samples using an RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a system

• Zhiteng Zhao
• Songgao Cao
• Pengtao Gong

Transcriptomic responses of rabbits to infections by precocious line and wild-type Eimeria media : revealing molecular signatures and pathway differences in liver and duodenum during the peak and terminal phases of oocyst production

• Yuanyuan Zhang

Tabanus chrysurus is a potential biological vector of Trypanosoma ( Megatrypanum ) theileri in Japan

• Keisuke Suganuma
• Noboru Inoue

Immunogens in Balamuthia mandrillaris : a proteomic exploration

• Rosalía Alfaro-Sifuentes
• Luis Fernando Lares-Jiménez
• Fernando Lares-Villa

Understanding the role of pigs in the transmission of zoonotic Echinococcus ortleppi in Haryana, India

• Aman D. Moudgil
• Anil K. Nehra
• Pallavi Moudgil

Insights into the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mt- COI ) gene and wing morphometrics of Anopheles baimaii (Diptera: Culicidae) in malaria-endemic islands of Thailand

• Sedthapong Laojun
• Tanasak Changbunjong
• Tanawat Chaiphongpachara

Phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Phlebotominae) diversity in the foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Surxondaryo Region of Uzbekistan: 50 years on

• Gofur X. Usarov
• Vladimir S. Turitsin
• Vyacheslav Yurchenko

Observational longitudinal study on Toxoplasma gondii infection in fattening beef cattle: serology and associated haematological findings

• Filippo M. Dini
• Joana G. P. Jacinto
• Roberta Galuppi

The complete mitochondrial genome of cattle tick clade C reveals the genetic relationship within Rhipicephalus microplus complex

• Yuan-Ping Deng
• Guo-Hua Liu

Biological characteristics of a precocious line of Eimeria tenella

• Zhenxing Gong
• Jianping Cai

Molecular, immunological, and physiological evidences of a sphingosine-activated plasma membrane Ca 2+ -channel in Trypanosoma equiperdum

• M. C. Pérez-Gordones
• J. R. Ramírez-Iglesias

A History of Malaria and Conflict

• Jonas E. Mertens

Alpha- and beta-pinene isomers act differently to control Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

• Ana Caroline Silveira Arantes
• Jenifer Caroline Silva Ribeiro
• Rafael Neodini Remedio

Isolation and habitat analysis of Balamuthia mandrillaris from soil

• Kanako Yamanouchi
• Hiroaki Arima
• Takakiyo Tsujiguchi

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Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Ithaca, New York 14853-6401

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Parasitology

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The parasitologists in the department have diverse research and teaching interests, with heavy involvement in veterinary, graduate (MPS) and undergraduate education in parasitology. Research interests focus on: the study of the interface of the pathogen and host at the level of the host's immune response, the nature of the protective immune response and how the pathogen modulates the host response to ensure its success, the detection, treatment and prevalence of parasites of veterinary importance (including those of zoonotic concern), and the disinfection of wastewater and sewage. The parasites studied include protozoan, helminth, arthropod pathogens: Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Icthyophthirius, Toxoplasma gondii, Toxocara, Ascaris, Aelurostrongylus, and ticks, to name a few.

Related: master of professional studies – veterinary parasitology.

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AHS updates heartworm guidelines for dogs

Updated May 14, 2024

The American Heartworm Society (AHS) published on April 9 an updated version of its Canine Heartworm Guidelines on heartworm prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

The AHS continues to recommend year-round administration of macrocyclic lactone heartworm preventives as the cornerstone of heartworm management. In addition, the revised guidelines now recommend both Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved isoxazolines and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)–approved mosquito repellent products to kill mosquitoes and help prevent the spread of heartworms. Previously, only EPA-approved products were recommended.

The revisions were based on the latest research and understanding of heartworm management, and address frequently asked questions by veterinary practitioners, according to the AHS.

Guideline highlights

The AHS guidelines recommend annual antigen and microfilaria testing when screening canine patients, with microfilaria testing considered especially important when the dog’s prevention history is unknown or when the veterinarian suspects the dog is infected, according to the AHS announcement.

“Noting that one of the more common questions posed to the AHS relates to disagreement between antigen and microfilaria test results, the guidelines emphasize the importance of repeating heartworm tests when the results are unexpected—for instance, when a dog is microfilaria-positive with no antigen detected,” the announcement states. “If blocked antigen caused by an antigen-antibody complex has led to such a result, repeating the antigen test with a new blood sample that has been heat treated can unmask the blocked antigen and yield a more accurate result.”

Dr. Jennifer Rizzo, president of the AHS, added that, “Research suggests that at least one-fifth of heartworm-positive dogs will test negative for microfilaria, even more so if the patient has received doses of macrocyclic lactones. However, adult worms are still present, and treatment is still needed.”

The guidelines now include a spectrum-of-care section that addresses when optimal treatment protocol for heartworm-positive patients isn’t an option. This includes procedures with fewer melarsomine injections, alternatives to melarasomine treatment, and guidance when heartworm treatment is interrupted.

“If (veterinarians) must follow an alternative treatment protocol, the guidelines provide scientifically backed information for veterinarians on prioritization of certain treatments, efficacy, and complication rates,” Dr. Rizzo said.

Heartworm incidence

The AHS conducts a heartworm incidence survey every three years, working with veterinary practices and shelters that submit data from heartworm antigen tests. The latest survey was conducted in early 2023 and reflects data from testing conducted during 2022.

The survey results indicated heartworm rates continued to trend upward, with the range of infection expanding in Arkansas, the Carolinas, Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas, which are known for having the highest heartworm incidence.

In addition, several states with historically low heartworm rates—such as Connecticut, Kansas, Massachusetts, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington—experienced unexpected increases.

These trends were confirmed by a January Frontiers in Veterinary Science study from Banfield Pet Hospitals, which also saw increases in the Northwest and New England.

“These data points speak to the importance of improved consumer education, access to care, and confident, unified recommendations from veterinary teams—all concepts kept at top of mind in the most recent update to our guidelines,” Dr. Rizzo said. “With so few dogs protected consistently, it’s easy to see why cases continue to rise.”

Dr. Rizzo explained that education and empathy are key when broaching the topic of heartworm with clients.

“It’s important to meet clients where they’re at. Take the time to understand their beliefs, their budget, their wants, their fears,” she said. “The better we understand these dynamics, the better we can help.”

The updated Canine Heartworm Guidelines were sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim, Elanco, Merck Animal Health, Zoetis, Ceva, and Idexx Laboratories. According to AHS, these updated guidelines serve as the most comprehensive and rigorously researched piece of guidance on heartworm epidemiology; heartworm biology and life cycle; heartworm prevention; and heartworm treatment.

Correction: A previous version of this story included a different percentage for how many heartworm-positive dogs test negative for microfilaria.

The American Heartworm Society (AHS) offers countless resources for veterinary practices including:

• Interactive apps
• Incidence maps
• Heartworm images
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• Social media tools
• Heartworm preventive waiver

Related content

Map shows heartworm rates continue to increase in hot spots, new locations

Parasites pose greater risk to pets in 2021

Heartworm prevalent in South, expanding in other hot spots

Heartworm guidance could change

Virus that causes COVID-19 can penetrate blood-retinal barrier and could damage vision

Study in a humanized mouse model shows that infections can occur deep inside the eye by penetrating the blood-retinal barrier.

The blood-retinal barrier is designed to protect our vision from infections by preventing microbial pathogens from reaching the retina where they could trigger an inflammatory response with potential vision loss. But researchers at the University of Missouri School of Medicine have discovered the virus that causes COVID-19 can breach this protective retinal barrier with potential long-term consequences in the eye.

Pawan Kumar Singh, PhD, an assistant professor of ophthalmology, leads a team researching new ways to prevent and treat ocular infectious diseases. Using a humanized ACE2 mice model, the team found that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can infect the inside of the eyes even when the virus doesn't enter the body through the surface of the eyes. Instead, they found that when viruses enter the body through inhalation, it not only infects organs like lungs, but also reaches highly protected organs like eyes through the blood-retinal barrier by infecting the cells lining this barrier.

"This finding is important as we increase our understanding of the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection," said Singh. "Earlier, researchers were primarily focused on the ocular surface exposure of the virus. However, our findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2 not only reaches the eye during systemic infection but induces a hyperinflammatory response in the retina and causes cell death in the blood-retinal barrier. The longer viral remnants remain in the eye, the risk of damage to the retina and visual function increases."

Singh also discovered that extended presence of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen can cause retinal microaneurysm, retinal artery and vein occlusion, and vascular leakage.

"For those who have been diagnosed with COVID-19, we recommend you ask your ophthalmologist to check for signs of pathological changes to the retina," Singh said. "Even those who were asymptomatic could suffer from damage in the eyes over time because of COVID-19 associated complications."

While viruses and bacteria have been found to breach the blood-retinal-barrier in immunocompromised people, this research is the first to suggest that the virus that causes COVID-19 could breach the barrier even in otherwise healthy individuals, leading to an infection that manifests inside the eye itself. Immunocompromised patients or those with hypertension or diabetes may experience worse outcomes if they remain undiagnosed for COVID-19 associated ocular symptoms.

"Now that we know the risk of COVID-19 to the retina, our goal is to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of how this virus breaches the blood-retinal barrier and associated pathological consequences in hopes of informing development of therapies to prevent and treat COVID-19 induced eye complications before a patient's vision is compromised," Singh said.

This groundbreaking study entitled "SARS-CoV-2 infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and induces a hyperinflammatory immune response in the retina via systemic exposure" was recently published in PLOS Pathogens . In addition to Singh, the research team from the University of Missouri School of Medicine included Vaishnavi Balendiran, MD, vitreoretinal surgery fellow; Monu Monu and Faraz Ahmad, post-doctoral fellows in the Department of Ophthalmology; and Rachel M. Olson, PhD, Chief Scientific Officer, Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research at the College of Veterinary Medicine.

This research was supported through fundings from the University of Missouri and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Eye Institute (NEI) grant R01EY032495.

• COVID and SARS
• Infectious Diseases
• Hypertension
• Microbes and More
• Veterinary Medicine
• West Nile virus
• Great Barrier Reef
• Visual perception
• Stem cell treatments

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Missouri-Columbia . Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference :

• Monu Monu, Faraz Ahmad, Rachel M. Olson, Vaishnavi Balendiran, Pawan Kumar Singh. SARS-CoV-2 infects cells lining the blood-retinal barrier and induces a hyperinflammatory immune response in the retina via systemic exposure . PLOS Pathogens , 2024; 20 (4): e1012156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012156

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