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21 Legit Research Databases for Free Journal Articles in 2024

#scribendiinc

Written by  Scribendi

Has this ever happened to you? While looking for websites for research, you come across a research paper site that claims to connect academics to a peer-reviewed article database for free.

Intrigued, you search for keywords related to your topic, only to discover that you must pay a hefty subscription fee to access the service. After the umpteenth time being duped, you begin to wonder if there's even such a thing as free journal articles.

Subscription fees and paywalls are often the bane of students and academics, especially those at small institutions who don't provide access to many free article directories and repositories.

Whether you're working on an undergraduate paper, a PhD dissertation, or a medical research study, we want to help you find tools to locate and access the information you need to produce well-researched, compelling, and innovative work.

Below, we discuss why peer-reviewed articles are superior and list out the best free article databases to use in 2024.

Download Our Free Research Database Roundup PDF

Why peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles are more authoritative.

Determining what sources are reliable can be challenging. Peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles are the gold standard in academic research. Reputable academic journals have a rigorous peer-review process.

The peer review process provides accountability to the academic community, as well as to the content of the article. The peer review process involves qualified experts in a specific (often very specific) field performing a review of an article's methods and findings to determine things like quality and credibility.

Peer-reviewed articles can be found in peer-reviewed article databases and research databases, and if you know that a database of journals is reliable, that can offer reassurances about the reliability of a free article. Peer review is often double blind, meaning that the author removes all identifying information and, likewise, does not know the identity of the reviewers. This helps reviewers maintain objectivity and impartiality so as to judge an article based on its merit.

Where to Find Peer-Reviewed Articles

Peer-reviewed articles can be found in a variety of research databases. Below is a list of some of the major databases you can use to find peer-reviewed articles and other sources in disciplines spanning the humanities, sciences, and social sciences.

What Are Open Access Journals?

An open access (OA) journal is a journal whose content can be accessed without payment. This provides scholars, students, and researchers with free journal articles. OA journals use alternate methods of funding to cover publication costs so that articles can be published without having to pass those publication costs on to the reader.

Some of these funding models include standard funding methods like advertising, public funding, and author payment models, where the author pays a fee in order to publish in the journal. There are OA journals that have non-peer-reviewed academic content, as well as journals that focus on dissertations, theses, and papers from conferences, but the main focus of OA is peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles.

The internet has certainly made it easier to access research articles and other scholarly publications without needing access to a university library, and OA takes another step in that direction by removing financial barriers to academic content.

Choosing Wisely

Features of legitimate oa journals.

 There are things to look out for when trying to decide if a free publication journal is legitimate:

Mission statement —The mission statement for an OA journal should be available on their website.

Publication history —Is the journal well established? How long has it been available?

Editorial board —Who are the members of the editorial board, and what are their credentials?

Indexing —Can the journal be found in a reliable database?

Peer review —What is the peer review process? Does the journal allow enough time in the process for a reliable assessment of quality?

Impact factor —What is the average number of times the journal is cited over a two-year period?

Features of Illegitimate OA Journals

There are predatory publications that take advantage of the OA format, and they are something to be wary of. Here are some things to look out for:

Contact information —Is contact information provided? Can it be verified?

Turnaround —If the journal makes dubious claims about the amount of time from submission to publication, it is likely unreliable.

Editorial board —Much like determining legitimacy, looking at the editorial board and their credentials can help determine illegitimacy.

Indexing —Can the journal be found in any scholarly databases?

Peer review —Is there a statement about the peer review process? Does it fit what you know about peer review?

How to Find Scholarly Articles

Identify keywords.

Keywords are included in an article by the author. Keywords are an excellent way to find content relevant to your research topic or area of interest. In academic searches, much like you would on a search engine, you can use keywords to navigate through what is available to find exactly what you're looking for.

Authors provide keywords that will help you easily find their article when researching a related topic, often including general terms to accommodate broader searches, as well as some more specific terms for those with a narrower scope. Keywords can be used individually or in combination to refine your scholarly article search.

Narrow Down Results

Sometimes, search results can be overwhelming, and searching for free articles on a journal database is no exception, but there are multiple ways to narrow down your results. A good place to start is discipline.

What category does your topic fall into (psychology, architecture, machine learning, etc.)? You can also narrow down your search with a year range if you're looking for articles that are more recent.

A Boolean search can be incredibly helpful. This entails including terms like AND between two keywords in your search if you need both keywords to be in your results (or, if you are looking to exclude certain keywords, to exclude these words from the results).

Consider Different Avenues

If you're not having luck using keywords in your search for free articles, you may still be able to find what you're looking for by changing your tactics. Casting a wider net sometimes yields positive results, so it may be helpful to try searching by subject if keywords aren't getting you anywhere.

You can search for a specific publisher to see if they have OA publications in the academic journal database. And, if you know more precisely what you're looking for, you can search for the title of the article or the author's name.

Determining the Credibility of Scholarly Sources

Ensuring that sources are both credible and reliable is crucial to academic research. Use these strategies to help evaluate the usefulness of scholarly sources:

• Peer Review : Look for articles that have undergone a rigorous peer-review process. Peer-reviewed articles are typically vetted by experts in the field, ensuring the accuracy of the research findings.

Tip: To determine whether an article has undergone rigorous peer review, review the journal's editorial policies, which are often available on the journal's website. Look for information about the peer-review process, including the criteria for selecting reviewers, the process for handling conflicts of interest, and any transparency measures in place.

• Publisher Reputation : Consider the reputation of the publisher. Established publishers, such as well-known academic journals, are more likely to adhere to high editorial standards and publishing ethics.
• Author Credentials : Evaluate the credentials and expertise of the authors. Check their affiliations, academic credentials, and past publications to assess their authority in the field.
• Citations and References : Examine the citations and references provided in the article. A well-researched article will cite credible sources to support its arguments and findings. Verify the accuracy of the cited sources and ensure they are from reputable sources.
• Publication Date : Consider the publication date of the article. While older articles may still be relevant, particularly in certain fields, it is best to prioritize recent publications for up-to-date research and findings.
• Journal Impact Factor : Assess the journal's impact factor or other metrics that indicate its influence and reputation within the academic community. Higher impact factor journals are generally considered more prestigious and reliable. 

Tip: Journal Citation Reports (JCR), produced by Clarivate Analytics, is a widely used source for impact factor data. You can access JCR through academic libraries or directly from the Clarivate Analytics website if you have a subscription.

• Peer Recommendations : Seek recommendations from peers, mentors, or professors in your field. They can provide valuable insights and guidance on reputable sources and journals within your area of study.
• Cross-Verification : Cross-verify the information presented in the article with other credible sources. Compare findings, methodologies, and conclusions with similar studies to ensure consistency and reliability.

By employing these strategies, researchers can confidently evaluate the credibility and reliability of scholarly sources, ensuring the integrity of their research contributions in an ever-evolving landscape.

The Top 21 Free Online Journal and Research Databases

Navigating OA journals, research article databases, and academic websites trying to find high-quality sources for your research can really make your head spin. What constitutes a reliable database? What is a useful resource for your discipline and research topic? How can you find and access full-text, peer-reviewed articles?

Fortunately, we're here to help. Having covered some of the ins and outs of peer review, OA journals, and how to search for articles, we have compiled a list of the top 21 free online journals and the best research databases. This list of databases is a great resource to help you navigate the wide world of academic research.

These databases provide a variety of free sources, from abstracts and citations to full-text, peer-reviewed OA journals. With databases covering specific areas of research and interdisciplinary databases that provide a variety of material, these are some of our favorite free databases, and they're totally legit!

CORE is a multidisciplinary aggregator of OA research. CORE has the largest collection of OA articles available. It allows users to search more than 219 million OA articles. While most of these link to the full-text article on the original publisher's site, or to a PDF available for download, five million records are hosted directly on CORE.

CORE's mission statement is a simple and straightforward commitment to offering OA articles to anyone, anywhere in the world. They also host communities that are available for researchers to join and an ambassador community to enhance their services globally. In addition to a straightforward keyword search, CORE offers advanced search options to filter results by publication type, year, language, journal, repository, and author.

CORE's user interface is easy to use and navigate. Search results can be sorted based on relevance or recency, and you can search for relevant content directly from the results screen.

Collection : 219,537,133 OA articles

Other Services : Additional services are available from CORE, with extras that are geared toward researchers, repositories, and businesses. There are tools for accessing raw data, including an API that provides direct access to data, datasets that are available for download, and FastSync for syncing data content from the CORE database.

CORE has a recommender plug-in that suggests relevant OA content in the database while conducting a search and a discovery feature that helps you discover OA versions of paywalled articles. Other features include tools for managing content, such as a dashboard for managing repository output and the Repository Edition service to enhance discoverability.

Good Source of Peer-Reviewed Articles : Yes

Advanced Search Options : Language, author, journal, publisher, repository, DOI, year

2. ScienceOpen

Functioning as a research and publishing network, ScienceOpen offers OA to more than 74 million articles in all areas of science. Although you do need to register to view the full text of articles, registration is free. The advanced search function is highly detailed, allowing you to find exactly the research you're looking for.

The Berlin- and Boston-based company was founded in 2013 to "facilitate open and public communications between academics and to allow ideas to be judged on their merit, regardless of where they come from." Search results can be exported for easy integration with reference management systems.

You can also bookmark articles for later research. There are extensive networking options, including your Science Open profile, a forum for interacting with other researchers, the ability to track your usage and citations, and an interactive bibliography. Users have the ability to review articles and provide their knowledge and insight within the community.

Collection : 74,560,631

Other Services : None

Advanced Search Options :   Content type, source, author, journal, discipline

3. Directory of Open Access Journals

A multidisciplinary, community-curated directory, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) gives researchers access to high-quality peer-reviewed journals. It has archived more than two million articles from 17,193 journals, allowing you to either browse by subject or search by keyword.

The site was launched in 2003 with the aim of increasing the visibility of OA scholarly journals online. Content on the site covers subjects from science, to law, to fine arts, and everything in between. DOAJ has a commitment to "increase the visibility, accessibility, reputation, usage and impact of quality, peer-reviewed, OA scholarly research journals globally, regardless of discipline, geography or language."

Information about the journal is available with each search result. Abstracts are also available in a collapsible format directly from the search screen. The scholarly article website is somewhat simple, but it is easy to navigate. There are 16 principles of transparency and best practices in scholarly publishing that clearly outline DOAJ policies and standards.

Collection : 6,817,242

Advanced Search Options :   Subject, journal, year

4. Education Resources Information Center

The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) of the Institution of Education Sciences allows you to search by topic for material related to the field of education. Links lead to other sites, where you may have to purchase the information, but you can search for full-text articles only. You can also search only peer-reviewed sources.

The service primarily indexes journals, gray literature (such as technical reports, white papers, and government documents), and books. All sources of material on ERIC go through a formal review process prior to being indexed. ERIC's selection policy is available as a PDF on their website.

The ERIC website has an extensive FAQ section to address user questions. This includes categories like general questions, peer review, and ERIC content. There are also tips for advanced searches, as well as general guidance on the best way to search the database. ERIC is an excellent database for content specific to education.

Collection : 1,292,897

Advanced Search Options : Boolean

5. arXiv e-Print Archive

The arXiv e-Print Archive is run by Cornell University Library and curated by volunteer moderators, and it now offers OA to more than one million e-prints.

There are advisory committees for all eight subjects available on the database. With a stated commitment to an "emphasis on openness, collaboration, and scholarship," the arXiv e-Print Archive is an excellent STEM resource.

The interface is not as user-friendly as some of the other databases available, and the website hosts a blog to provide news and updates, but it is otherwise a straightforward math and science resource. There are simple and advanced search options, and, in addition to conducting searches for specific topics and articles, users can browse content by subject. The arXiv e-Print Archive clearly states that they do not peer review the e-prints in the database.

Collection : 1,983,891

Good Source of Peer-Reviewed Articles : No

Advanced Search Options :   Subject, date, title, author, abstract, DOI

6. Social Science Research Network

The Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is a collection of papers from the social sciences community. It is a highly interdisciplinary platform used to search for scholarly articles related to 67 social science topics. SSRN has a variety of research networks for the various topics available through the free scholarly database.

The site offers more than 700,000 abstracts and more than 600,000 full-text papers. There is not yet a specific option to search for only full-text articles, but, because most of the papers on the site are free access, it's not often that you encounter a paywall. There is currently no option to search for only peer-reviewed articles.

You must become a member to use the services, but registration is free and enables you to interact with other scholars around the world. SSRN is "passionately committed to increasing inclusion, diversity and equity in scholarly research," and they encourage and discuss the use of inclusive language in scholarship whenever possible.

Collection : 1,058,739 abstracts; 915,452 articles

Advanced Search Options : Term, author, date, network

7. Public Library of Science

Public Library of Science (PLOS) is a big player in the world of OA science. Publishing 12 OA journals, the nonprofit organization is committed to facilitating openness in academic research. According to the site, "all PLOS content is at the highest possible level of OA, meaning that scientific articles are immediately and freely available to anyone, anywhere."

PLOS outlines four fundamental goals that guide the organization: break boundaries, empower researchers, redefine quality, and open science. All PLOS journals are peer-reviewed, and all 12 journals uphold rigorous ethical standards for research, publication, and scientific reporting.

PLOS does not offer advanced search options. Content is organized by topic into research communities that users can browse through, in addition to options to search for both articles and journals. The PLOS website also has resources for peer reviewers, including guidance on becoming a reviewer and on how to best participate in the peer review process.

Collection : 12 journals

Advanced Search Options : None

8. OpenDOAR

OpenDOAR, or the Directory of Open Access Repositories, is a comprehensive resource for finding free OA journals and articles. Using Google Custom Search, OpenDOAR combs through OA repositories around the world and returns relevant research in all disciplines.

The repositories it searches through are assessed and categorized by OpenDOAR staff to ensure they meet quality standards. Inclusion criteria for the database include requirements for OA content, global access, and categorically appropriate content, in addition to various other quality assurance measures. OpenDOAR has metadata, data, content, preservation, and submission policies for repositories, in addition to two OA policy statements regarding minimum and optimum recommendations.

This database allows users to browse and search repositories, which can then be selected, and articles and data can be accessed from the repository directly. As a repository database, much of the content on the site is geared toward the support of repositories and OA standards.

Collection : 5,768 repositories

Other Services : OpenDOAR offers a variety of additional services. Given the nature of the platform, services are primarily aimed at repositories and institutions, and there is a marked focus on OA in general. Sherpa services are OA archiving tools for authors and institutions.

They also offer various resources for OA support and compliance regarding standards and policies. The publication router matches publications and publishers with appropriate repositories.

There are also services and resources from JISC for repositories for cost management, discoverability, research impact, and interoperability, including ORCID consortium membership information. Additionally, a repository self-assessment tool is available for members.

Advanced Search Options :   Name, organization name, repository type, software name, content type, subject, country, region

9. Bielefeld Academic Search Engine

The Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) is operated by the Bielefeld University Library in Germany, and it offers more than 240 million documents from more than 8,000 sources. Sixty percent of its content is OA, and you can filter your search accordingly.

BASE has rigorous inclusion requirements for content providers regarding quality and relevance, and they maintain a list of content providers for the sake of transparency, which can be easily found on their website. BASE has a fairly elegant interface. Search results can be organized by author, title, or date.

From the search results, items can be selected and exported, added to favorites, emailed, and searched in Google Scholar. There are basic and advanced search features, with the advanced search offering numerous options for refining search criteria. There is also a feature on the website that saves recent searches without additional steps from the user.

Collection : 276,019,066 documents; 9,286 content providers

Advanced Search Options :   Author, subject, year, content provider, language, document type, access, terms of reuse

10. Digital Library of the Commons Repository

Run by Indiana University, the Digital Library of the Commons (DLC) Repository is a multidisciplinary journal repository that allows users to access thousands of free and OA articles from around the world. You can browse by document type, date, author, title, and more or search for keywords relevant to your topic.

DCL also offers the Comprehensive Bibliography of the Commons, an image database, and a keyword thesaurus for enhanced search parameters. The repository includes books, book chapters, conference papers, journal articles, surveys, theses and dissertations, and working papers. DCL advanced search features drop-down menus of search types with built-in Boolean search options.

Searches can be sorted by relevance, title, date, or submission date in ascending or descending order. Abstracts are included in selected search results, with access to full texts available, and citations can be exported from the same page. Additionally, the image database search includes tips for better search results.

Collection : 10,784

Advanced Search Options :   Author, date, title, subject, sector, region, conference

11. CIA World Factbook

The CIA World Factbook is a little different from the other resources on this list in that it is not an online journal directory or repository. It is, however, a useful free online research database for academics in a variety of disciplines.

All the information is free to access, and it provides facts about every country in the world, which are organized by category and include information about history, geography, transportation, and much more. The World Factbook can be searched by country or region, and there is also information about the world's oceans.

This site contains resources related to the CIA as an organization rather than being a scientific journal database specifically. The site has a user interface that is easy to navigate. The site also provides a section for updates regarding changes to what information is available and how it is organized, making it easier to interact with the information you are searching for.

Collection : 266 countries

12. Paperity

Paperity boasts its status as the "first multidisciplinary aggregator of OA journals and papers." Their focus is on helping you avoid paywalls while connecting you to authoritative research. In addition to providing readers with easy access to thousands of journals, Paperity seeks to help authors reach their audiences and help journals increase their exposure to boost readership.

Paperity has journal articles for every discipline, and the database offers more than a dozen advanced search options, including the length of the paper and the number of authors. There is even an option to include, exclude, or exclusively search gray papers.

Paperity is available for mobile, with both a mobile site and the Paperity Reader, an app that is available for both Android and Apple users. The database is also available on social media. You can interact with Paperity via Twitter and Facebook, and links to their social media are available on their homepage, including their Twitter feed.

Collection : 8,837,396

Advanced Search Options : Title, abstract, journal title, journal ISSN, publisher, year of publication, number of characters, number of authors, DOI, author, affiliation, language, country, region, continent, gray papers

13. dblp Computer Science Bibliography

The dblp Computer Science Bibliography is an online index of major computer science publications. dblp was founded in 1993, though until 2010 it was a university-specific database at the University of Trier in Germany. It is currently maintained by the Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz Center for Informatics.

Although it provides access to both OA articles and those behind a paywall, you can limit your search to only OA articles. The site indexes more than three million publications, making it an invaluable resource in the world of computer science. dblp entries are color-coded based on the type of item.

dblp has an extensive FAQ section, so questions that might arise about topics like the database itself, navigating the website, or the data on dblp, in addition to several other topics, are likely to be answered. The website also hosts a blog and has a section devoted to website statistics.

Collection : 5,884,702

14. EconBiz

EconBiz is a great resource for economic and business studies. A service of the Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, it offers access to full texts online, with the option of searching for OA material only. Their literature search is performed across multiple international databases.

EconBiz has an incredibly useful research skills section, with resources such as Guided Walk, a service to help students and researchers navigate searches, evaluate sources, and correctly cite references; the Research Guide EconDesk, a help desk to answer specific questions and provide advice to aid in literature searches; and the Academic Career Kit for what they refer to as Early Career Researchers.

Other helpful resources include personal literature lists, a calendar of events for relevant calls for papers, conferences, and workshops, and an economics terminology thesaurus to help in finding keywords for searches. To stay up-to-date with EconBiz, you can sign up for their newsletter.

Collection : 1,075,219

Advanced Search Options :   Title, subject, author, institution, ISBN/ISSN, journal, publisher, language, OA only

15. BioMed Central

BioMed Central provides OA research from more than 300 peer-reviewed journals. While originally focused on resources related to the physical sciences, math, and engineering, BioMed Central has branched out to include journals that cover a broader range of disciplines, with the aim of providing a single platform that provides OA articles for a variety of research needs. You can browse these journals by subject or title, or you can search all articles for your required keyword.

BioMed Central has a commitment to peer-reviewed sources and to the peer review process itself, continually seeking to help and improve the peer review process. They're "committed to maintaining high standards through full and stringent peer review."

Additionally, the website includes resources to assist and support editors as part of their commitment to providing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA articles.

Collection : 507,212

Other Services : BMC administers the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. While initially designed for registering clinical trials, since its creation in 2000, the registry has broadened its scope to include other health studies as well.

The registry is recognized by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, as well as the World Health Organization (WHO), and it meets the requirements established by the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.

The study records included in the registry are all searchable and free to access. The ISRCTN registry "supports transparency in clinical research, helps reduce selective reporting of results and ensures an unbiased and complete evidence base."

Advanced Search Options :   Author, title, journal, list

A multidisciplinary search engine, JURN provides links to various scholarly websites, articles, and journals that are free to access or OA. Covering the fields of the arts, humanities, business, law, nature, science, and medicine, JURN has indexed almost 5,000 repositories to help you find exactly what you're looking for.

Search features are enhanced by Google, but searches are filtered through their index of repositories. JURN seeks to reach a wide audience, with their search engine tailored to researchers from "university lecturers and students seeking a strong search tool for OA content" and "advanced and ambitious students, age 14-18" to "amateur historians and biographers" and "unemployed and retired lecturers."

That being said, JURN is very upfront about its limitations. They admit to not being a good resource for educational studies, social studies, or psychology, and conference archives are generally not included due to frequently unstable URLs.

Collection : 5,064 indexed journals

Other Services : JURN has a browser add-on called UserScript. This add-on allows users to integrate the JURN database directly into Google Search. When performing a search through Google, the add-on creates a link that sends the search directly to JURN CSE. JURN CSE is a search service that is hosted by Google.

Clicking the link from the Google Search bar will run your search through the JURN database from the Google homepage. There is also an interface for a DuckDuckGo search box; while this search engine has an emphasis on user privacy, for smaller sites that may be indexed by JURN, DuckDuckGo may not provide the same depth of results.

Advanced Search Options :   Google search modifiers

Dryad is a digital repository of curated, OA scientific research data. Launched in 2009, it is run by a not-for-profit membership organization, with a community of institutional and publisher members for whom their services have been designed. Members include institutions such as Stanford, UCLA, and Yale, as well as publishers like Oxford University Press and Wiley.

Dryad aims to "promote a world where research data is openly available, integrated with the scholarly literature, and routinely reused to create knowledge." It is free to access for the search and discovery of data. Their user experience is geared toward easy self-depositing, supports Creative Commons licensing, and provides DOIs for all their content.

Note that there is a publishing charge associated if you wish to publish your data in Dryad.  When searching datasets, they are accompanied by author information and abstracts for the associated studies, and citation information is provided for easy attribution.

Collection : 44,458

Advanced Search Options : No

Run by the British Library, the E-Theses Online Service (EThOS) allows you to search over 500,000 doctoral theses in a variety of disciplines. All of the doctoral theses available on EThOS have been awarded by higher education institutions in the United Kingdom.

Although some full texts are behind paywalls, you can limit your search to items available for immediate download, either directly through EThOS or through an institution's website. More than half of the records in the database provide access to full-text theses.

EThOS notes that they do not hold all records for all institutions, but they strive to index as many doctoral theses as possible, and the database is constantly expanding, with approximately 3,000 new records added and 2,000 new full-text theses available every month. The availability of full-text theses is dependent on multiple factors, including their availability in the institutional repository and the level of repository development.

Collection : 500,000+

Advanced Search Options : Abstract, author's first name, author's last name, awarding body, current institution, EThOS ID, year, language, qualifications, research supervisor, sponsor/funder, keyword, title

PubMed is a research platform well-known in the fields of science and medicine. It was created and developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM). It has been available since 1996 and offers access to "more than 33 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books."

While PubMed does not provide full-text articles directly, and many full-text articles may be behind paywalls or require subscriptions to access them, when articles are available from free sources, such as through PubMed Central (PMC), those links are provided with the citations and abstracts that PubMed does provide.

PMC, which was established in 2000 by the NLM, is a free full-text archive that includes more than 6,000,000 records. PubMed records link directly to corresponding PMC results. PMC content is provided by publishers and other content owners, digitization projects, and authors directly.

Collection : 33,000,000+

Advanced Search Options : Author's first name, author's last name, identifier, corporation, date completed, date created, date entered, date modified, date published, MeSH, book, conflict of interest statement, EC/RN number, editor, filter, grant number, page number, pharmacological action, volume, publication type, publisher, secondary source ID, text, title, abstract, transliterated title

20. Semantic Scholar

A unique and easy-to-use resource, Semantic Scholar defines itself not just as a research database but also as a "search and discovery tool." Semantic Scholar harnesses the power of artificial intelligence to efficiently sort through millions of science-related papers based on your search terms.

Through this singular application of machine learning, Semantic Scholar expands search results to include topic overviews based on your search terms, with the option to create an alert for or further explore the topic. It also provides links to related topics.

In addition, search results produce "TLDR" summaries in order to provide concise overviews of articles and enhance your research by helping you to navigate quickly and easily through the available literature to find the most relevant information. According to the site, although some articles are behind paywalls, "the data [they] have for those articles is limited," so you can expect to receive mostly full-text results.

Collection : 203,379,033

Other Services : Semantic Scholar supports multiple popular browsers. Content can be accessed through both mobile and desktop versions of Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Apple Safari, and Opera.

Additionally, Semantic Scholar provides browser extensions for both Chrome and Firefox, so AI-powered scholarly search results are never more than a click away. The mobile interface includes an option for Semantic Swipe, a new way of interacting with your research results.

There are also beta features that can be accessed as part of the Beta Program, which will provide you with features that are being actively developed and require user feedback for further improvement.

Advanced Search Options : Field of study, date range, publication type, author, journal, conference, PDF

Zenodo, powered by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), was launched in 2013. Taking its name from Zenodotus, the first librarian of the ancient library of Alexandria, Zenodo is a tool "built and developed by researchers, to ensure that everyone can join in open science." Zenodo accepts all research from every discipline in any file format.

However, Zenodo also curates uploads and promotes peer-reviewed material that is available through OA. A DOI is assigned to everything that is uploaded to Zenodo, making research easily findable and citable. You can sort by keyword, title, journal, and more and download OA documents directly from the site.

While there are closed access and restricted access items in the database, the vast majority of research is OA material. Search results can be filtered by access type, making it easy to view the free articles available in the database.

Collection : 2,220,000+

Advanced Search Options : Access, file type, keywords

Check out our roundup of free research databases as a handy one-page PDF.

How to find peer-reviewed articles.

There are a lot of free scholarly articles available from various sources. The internet is a big place. So how do you go about finding peer-reviewed articles when conducting your research? It's important to make sure you are using reputable sources.

The first source of the article is the person or people who wrote it. Checking out the author can give you some initial insight into how much you can trust what you’re reading. Looking into the publication information of your sources can also indicate whether the article is reliable.

Aspects of the article, such as subject and audience, tone, and format, are other things you can look at when evaluating whether the article you're using is valid, reputable, peer-reviewed material. So, let's break that down into various components so you can assess your research to ensure that you're using quality articles and conducting solid research.

Check the Author

Peer-reviewed articles are written by experts or scholars with experience in the field or discipline they're writing about. The research in a peer-reviewed article has to pass a rigorous evaluation process, so it's a foregone conclusion that the author(s) of a peer-reviewed article should have experience or training related to that research.

When evaluating an article, take a look at the author's information. What credentials does the author have to indicate that their research has scholarly weight behind it? Finding out what type of degree the author has—and what that degree is in—can provide insight into what kind of authority the author is on the subject.

Something else that might lend credence to the author's scholarly role is their professional affiliation. A look at what organization or institution they are affiliated with can tell you a lot about their experience or expertise. Where were they trained, and who is verifying their research?

Identify Subject and Audience

The ultimate goal of a study is to answer a question. Scholarly articles are also written for scholarly audiences, especially articles that have gone through the peer review process. This means that the author is trying to reach experts, researchers, academics, and students in the field or topic the research is based on.

Think about the question the author is trying to answer by conducting this research, why, and for whom. What is the subject of the article? What question has it set out to answer? What is the purpose of finding the information? Is the purpose of the article of importance to other scholars? Is it original content?

Research should also be approached analytically. Is the methodology sound? Is the author using an analytical approach to evaluate the data that they have obtained? Are the conclusions they've reached substantiated by their data and analysis? Answering these questions can reveal a lot about the article's validity.

Format Matters

Reliable articles from peer-reviewed sources have certain format elements to be aware of. The first is an abstract. An abstract is a short summary or overview of the article. Does the article have an abstract? It's unlikely that you're reading a peer-reviewed article if it doesn't. Peer-reviewed journals will also have a word count range. If an article seems far too short or incredibly long, that may be reason to doubt it.

Another feature of reliable articles is the sections the information is divided into. Peer-reviewed research articles will have clear, concise sections that appropriately organize the information. This might include a literature review, methodology, results (in the case of research articles), and a conclusion.

One of the most important sections is the references or bibliography. This is where the researcher lists all the sources of their information. A peer-reviewed source will have a comprehensive reference section.

An article that has been written to reach an academic community will have an academic tone. The language that is used, and the way this language is used, is important to consider. If the article is riddled with grammatical errors, confusing syntax, and casual language, it almost definitely didn't make it through the peer review process.

Also consider the use of terminology. Every discipline is going to have standard terminology or jargon that can be used and understood by other academics in the discipline. The language in a peer-reviewed article is going to reflect that.

If the author is going out of their way to explain simple terms, or terms that are standard to the field or discipline, it's unlikely that the article has been peer reviewed, as this is something that the author would be asked to address during the review process.

Publication

The source of the article will be a very good indicator of the likelihood that it was peer reviewed. Where was the article published? Was it published alongside other academic articles in the same discipline? Is it a legitimate and reputable scholarly publication?

A trade publication or newspaper might be legitimate or reputable, but it is not a scholarly source, and it will not have been subject to the peer review process. Scholarly journals are the best resource for peer-reviewed articles, but it's important to remember that not all scholarly journals are peer reviewed.

It's helpful to look at a scholarly source's website, as peer-reviewed journals will have a clear indication of the peer review process. University libraries, institutional repositories, and reliable databases (and now you have a list of legit ones) can also help provide insight into whether an article comes from a peer-reviewed journal.

Common Research Mistakes to Avoid

Research is a lot of work. Even with high standards and good intentions, it's easy to make mistakes. Perhaps you searched for access to scientific journals for free and found the perfect peer-reviewed sources, but you forgot to document everything, and your references are a mess. Or, you only searched for free online articles and missed out on a ground-breaking study that was behind a paywall.

Whether your research is for a degree or to get published or to satisfy your own inquisitive nature, or all of the above, you want all that work to produce quality results. You want your research to be thorough and accurate.

To have any hope of contributing to the literature on your research topic, your results need to be high quality. You might not be able to avoid every potential mistake, but here are some that are both common and easy to avoid.

Sticking to One Source

One of the hallmarks of good research is a healthy reference section. Using a variety of sources gives you a better answer to your question. Even if all of the literature is in agreement, looking at various aspects of the topic may provide you with an entirely different picture than you would have if you looked at your research question from only one angle.

Not Documenting Every Fact

As you conduct your research, do yourself a favor and write everything down. Everything you include in your paper or article that you got from another source is going to need to be added to your references and cited.

It's important, especially if your aim is to conduct ethical, high-quality research, that all of your research has proper attribution. If you don't document as you go, you could end up making a lot of work for yourself if the information you don't write down is something that later, as you write your paper, you really need.

Using Outdated Materials

Academia is an ever-changing landscape. What was true in your academic discipline or area of research ten years ago may have since been disproven. If fifteen studies have come out since the article that you're using was published, it's more than a little likely that you're going to be basing your research on flawed or dated information.

If the information you're basing your research on isn't as up-to-date as possible, your research won't be of quality or able to stand up to any amount of scrutiny. You don't want all of your hard work to be for naught.

Relying Solely on Open Access Journals

OA is a great resource for conducting academic research. There are high-quality journal articles available through OA, and that can be very helpful for your research. But, just because you have access to free articles, that doesn't mean that there's nothing to be found behind a paywall.

Just as dismissing high-quality peer-reviewed articles because they are OA would be limiting, not exploring any paid content at all is equally short-sighted. If you're seeking to conduct thorough and comprehensive research, exploring all of your options for quality sources is going to be to your benefit.

Digging Too Deep or Not Deep Enough

Research is an art form, and it involves a delicate balance of information. If you conduct your research using only broad search terms, you won't be able to answer your research question well, or you'll find that your research provides information that is closely related to your topic but, ultimately, your findings are vague and unsubstantiated.

On the other hand, if you delve deeply into your research topic with specific searches and turn up too many sources, you might have a lot of information that is adjacent to your topic but without focus and perhaps not entirely relevant. It's important to answer your research question concisely but thoroughly.

Different Types of Scholarly Articles

Different types of scholarly articles have different purposes. An original research article, also called an empirical article, is the product of a study or an experiment. This type of article seeks to answer a question or fill a gap in the existing literature.

Research articles will have a methodology, results, and a discussion of the findings of the experiment or research and typically a conclusion.

Review articles overview the current literature and research and provide a summary of what the existing research indicates or has concluded. This type of study will have a section for the literature review, as well as a discussion of the findings of that review. Review articles will have a particularly extensive reference or bibliography section.

Theoretical articles draw on existing literature to create new theories or conclusions, or look at current theories from a different perspective, to contribute to the foundational knowledge of the field of study.

10 Tips for Navigating Journal Databases

Use the right academic journal database for your search, be that interdisciplinary or specific to your field. Or both!

If it's an option, set the search results to return only peer-reviewed sources.

Start by using search terms that are relevant to your topic without being overly specific.

Try synonyms, especially if your keywords aren't returning the desired results.

Even if you've found some good articles, try searching using different terms.

Explore the advanced search features of the database(s).

Learn to use Booleans (AND, OR, NOT) to expand or narrow your results.

Once you've gotten some good results from a more general search, try narrowing your search.

Read through abstracts when trying to find articles relevant to your research.

Keep track of your research and use citation tools. It'll make life easier when it comes time to compile your references.

7 Frequently Asked Questions

1. how do i get articles for free.

Free articles can be found through free online academic journals, OA databases, or other databases that include OA journals and articles. These resources allow you to access free papers online so you can conduct your research without getting stuck behind a paywall.

Academics don't receive payment for the articles they contribute to journals. There are often, in fact, publication fees that scholars pay in order to publish. This is one of the funding structures that allows OA journals to provide free content so that you don't have to pay fees or subscription costs to access journal articles.

2. How Do I Find Journal Articles?

Journal articles can be found in databases and institutional repositories that can be accessed at university libraries. However, online research databases that contain OA articles are the best resource for getting free access to journal articles that are available online.

Peer-reviewed journal articles are the best to use for academic research, and there are a number of databases where you can find peer-reviewed OA journal articles. Once you've found a useful article, you can look through the references for the articles the author used to conduct their research, and you can then search online databases for those articles, too.

3. How Do I Find Peer-Reviewed Articles?

Peer-reviewed articles can be found in reputable scholarly peer-reviewed journals. High-quality journals and journal articles can be found online using academic search engines and free research databases. These resources are excellent for finding OA articles, including peer-reviewed articles.

OA articles are articles that can be accessed for free. While some scholarly search engines and databases include articles that aren't peer reviewed, there are also some that provide only peer-reviewed articles, and databases that include non-peer-reviewed articles often have advanced search features that enable you to select "peer review only." The database will return results that are exclusively peer-reviewed content.

4. What Are Research Databases?

A research database is a list of journals, articles, datasets, and/or abstracts that allows you to easily search for scholarly and academic resources and conduct research online. There are databases that are interdisciplinary and cover a variety of topics.

For example, Paperity might be a great resource for a chemist as well as a linguist, and there are databases that are more specific to a certain field. So, while ERIC might be one of the best educational databases available for OA content, it's not going to be one of the best databases for finding research in the field of microbiology.

5. How Do I Find Scholarly Articles for Specific Fields?

There are interdisciplinary research databases that provide articles in a variety of fields, as well as research databases that provide articles that cater to specific disciplines. Additionally, a journal repository or index can be a helpful resource for finding articles in a specific field.

When searching an interdisciplinary database, there are frequently advanced search features that allow you to narrow the search results down so that they are specific to your field. Selecting "psychology" in the advanced search features will return psychology journal articles in your search results. You can also try databases that are specific to your field.

If you're searching for law journal articles, many law reviews are OA. If you don't know of any databases specific to history, visiting a journal repository or index and searching "history academic journals" can return a list of journals specific to history and provide you with a place to begin your research.

6. Are Peer-Reviewed Articles Really More Legitimate?

The short answer is yes, peer-reviewed articles are more legitimate resources for academic research. The peer review process provides legitimacy, as it is a rigorous review of the content of an article that is performed by scholars and academics who are experts in their field of study. The review provides an evaluation of the quality and credibility of the article.

Non-peer-reviewed articles are not subject to a review process and do not undergo the same level of scrutiny. This means that non-peer-reviewed articles are unlikely, or at least not as likely, to meet the same standards that peer-reviewed articles do.

7. Are Free Article Directories Legitimate?

Yes! As with anything, some databases are going to be better for certain requirements than others. But, a scholarly article database being free is not a reason in itself to question its legitimacy.

Free scholarly article databases can provide access to abstracts, scholarly article websites, journal repositories, and high-quality peer-reviewed journal articles. The internet has a lot of information, and it's often challenging to figure out what information is reliable. 

Research databases and article directories are great resources to help you conduct your research. Our list of the best research paper websites is sure to provide you with sources that are totally legit.

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Open access at the Nature Portfolio

Nature and the nature research journals – now with immediate gold open access options for all primary research.

What is open access (OA)?

Why publish oa in the nature portfolio, options for oa at the nature portfolio , transformative journals.

• Funding for open access

Dedicated support for authors from lower income countries

Under the OA model, an article is made immediately available online when published, and is free to read for anyone in the world, rather than only to subscribing readers or institutions. The article is made available under a Creative Commons license, which allows for anyone to reuse or share the work according to the licence terms.

In our fully OA journals (such as Nature Communications and Scientific Reports ), all articles are made OA on publication. In a hybrid or transformative Journal (including Nature and the Nature research journals), authors can choose between gold OA or subscription publication, based on their preferences, funder or institutional requirements for OA, and the availability of APC funding.

Payment for publication is typically made by the authors’ institutions or funding bodies, who pay an Article Processing Charge (APC) when the research is accepted. APCs vary from title to title, starting from €2,290 in Scientific Reports to €10,290 in Nature .

• OA is immediately accessible and highly discoverable: anyone, anywhere can read, reuse and build on your work.
• Previous research shows the OA advantage for researchers: OA articles are cited on average 1.6 times more than non-OA articles, downloaded 4 times more often and attract 2.5 times more attention, as measured by news and policy mentions. 1
• Editorial rigour, with even greater reach: our OA options build on the foundations of our strong in-house editorial expertise. OA articles follow the same stringent standards. 
• Funder compliance: many funders and institutions now require articles to be published OA as part of the conditions of funding. We are enabling OA options for all primary research to enable our authors to meet these requirements, this includes Plan S.

At Springer Nature, we have been innovating in open research for two decades. At the Nature Portfolio that includes:

• Launching Scientific Reports in 2011: home for all original research from across the natural and clinical sciences, engineering and psychology. Now the 5th most-cited journal in the world, it attracted over 734,000 citations in 2023 and receives widespread attention in policy documents and the media.
• Through Nature Communications , creating the first Nature OA journal, publishing papers that significantly advance the natural sciences. Since becoming fully OA in 2014, it is the most cited multidisciplinary open science journal in the world.
• Ensuring deposition of data and code alongside the research article to maximise transparency and reuse. Our active encouragement of data deposition has boosted data availability associated with published papers from around 50% to over 80% in some disciplines.
• Encouraging authors to submit protocols to the Protocols Exchange  – an open sharing platform – providing valuable detailed reporting on the analytical and experimental design as well as statistical analyses.
• Offering transparent peer review, publishing peer reviewer comments alongside the paper should the authors wish to do so. 
• Developing new OA journals to support the growing need for rigorous OA journals, including the Nature Partner Journals in collaboration with preeminent scientists, and our Communications journal series .

Nature and the Nature research journals are the first highly selective journals to offer their authors an immediate OA publishing option in this way. With more than 280 professional in-house Editors, more than 50,000 submissions each year, and an acceptance rate of less than 10%, the exceptional research in these journals has a profound effect on the disciplines to which it relates and the wider world. Research published in Nature and the Nature research journals is cited on average around 12 times more and downloaded by institutional users around 34 times more than papers in a typical journal. Find out more about the Nature research journals   

A dedicated fund has been made available to enable authors from many lower income countries (currently those classified by the World Bank as low-income (LIC) or lower-middle-income economies (LMICs)) to publish their primary research OA in Nature and the Nature research journals. 

It is a specific provision to support a subset of authors and only applies to our highly selective Nature Portfolio hybrid or transformative journals as they transition to OA and will be reviewed at the end of 2024. 

This applies to the following titles: Nature; Nature Aging; Nature Astronomy; Nature Biomedical Engineering; Nature Biotechnology; Nature Cancer; Nature Cardiovascular Research; Nature Catalysis; Nature Cell Biology; Nature Chemical Biology; Nature Chemistry; Nature Climate Change; Nature Computational Science; Nature Ecology & Evolution; Nature Electronics; Nature Energy; Nature Food; Nature Genetics; Nature Geoscience; Nature Human Behaviour; Nature Immunology; Nature Machine Intelligence; Nature Materials; Nature Medicine;  Nature Mental Health; Nature Metabolism; Nature Methods; Nature Microbiology; Nature Nanotechnology; Nature Neuroscience; Nature Photonics; Nature Physics; Nature Plants; Nature Structural & Molecular Biology; Nature Sustainability; Nature Synthesis and Nature Water; Nature Chemical Engineering and Nature Cities   . 

*It does not cover Nature Communications and Scientific Reports. 

Please see our journal pricing FAQs for more details. As part of this initiative, authors will not need to ask to benefit from the support. Corresponding authors  from qualifying countries whose primary research papers are accepted in principle (AIP) for publication in these titles will be informed as part of the publishing process that their paper will be published gold OA at no cost. Authors can opt out if they do not wish their papers to be published OA.

1 Within the first three years of publication.  Springer Nature hybrid journal OA impact analysis, 2018 .

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Open Access

Make your research freely available to readers around the world

What is open access?

Open access is one of the core elements of open science , making research articles openly and freely available to anyone who seeks to access, read, and build upon them. This is typically facilitated by article publishing fees, which in most cases are paid for by an author’s research grant, a research funder, or through an ACS read and publish agreement .

Open access research articles published in ACS journals are subject to the same rigorous peer review and high publishing standards as all our content – meaning authors can rely on an excellent publishing experience, and readers can fully trust the research found in our journals.

Discover open access articles in ACS journals

There are two common paths to make your articles available in open access: the ‘gold’ and ‘green’ routes .

How can I publish open access with ACS?

ACS publishes a family of fully open access journals containing 100% free-to-read articles, and more than 60 hybrid / transformative journals which offer authors the choice to publish open access.

We provide multiple ways you can make your research articles available via open access:

• With support from your institution or research funder through a read and publish agreement ;
• CC BY and CC BY-NC-ND open access options for authors who are not currently covered by an ACS read and publish agreement, including those publishing using grant or personal funds ;
• A zero-embargo green open access option for authors without access to a read and publish agreement or grant / personal funds for gold open access publication, and who are required to make their accepted manuscript available in a repository immediately upon acceptance;
• Deposition of the version of record in selected national and funder open access repositories after a 12-month embargo period.

Selected articles may also be made free to read for a limited time underneath the ACS Editors’ Choice program .

You can find out more about our open access policies here .

What’s the difference between Gold and Green open access?

Gold open access involves making the final published article (the ‘version of record’) immediately available online, with no charges for readers, upon payment of an article publishing charge (APC).

Green open access involves archiving a version of the manuscript (usually the version prior to any peer review or typesetting) in an institutional or subject repository. This often happens after a set amount of time from when the article is published in a journal (an ‘embargo period’), though ACS also offers an option for immediate self-archiving (‘ zero-embargo green open access ‘).

Authors who publish a Gold open access article can also choose to archive the version of record in a repository immediately upon publication.

There are other differences between Green and Gold OA:

How can I make an existing ACS article open access?

Whether you need to meet a funder mandate or you want to make your previously published research articles more widely available, ACS gives you the option to apply an open access license to your research article. Find out more .

What open access content is available in ACS journals?

Thousands of new original research articles are made available as open access in ACS journals each year. These are published under a Creative Commons BY or CC BY-NC-ND license and are completely free to access and share.

Visit the Open Access Articles page on the ACS Publications website for a full list of open access research published across our full portfolio of journals.

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10 Free Research and Journal Databases

• 3-minute read
• 6th April 2019

Finding good research can be tough, especially when so much of it is locked behind paywalls . But there are free resources out there if you know where to look. So to help out, we’ve compiled a list of ten free academic search engines and databases that you should check out.

1. Google Scholar

Even if you’ve not used Google Scholar before, you’ll know Google. And, thus, you can probably guess that Google Scholar is a search engine dedicated to academic work. Not everything listed on Google Scholar will be freely available in full. But it is a good place to start if you’re looking for a specific paper, and many papers can be downloaded for free.

CORE is an open research aggregator. This means it works as a search engine for open access research published by organizations from around the world, all of which is available for free. It is also the world’s largest open access aggregator , so it is a very useful resource for researchers!

3. Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)

Another dedicated academic search engine, BASE offers access to more than 140 million documents from more than 6,000 sources. Around 60% of these documents are open access, and you can filter results to see only research that is available for free online.

4. Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is a database that lists around 12,000 open access journals covering all areas of science, technology, medicine, social science, and the humanities.

PubMed is a search engine maintained by the NCBI, part of the United States National Library of Medicine. It provides access to more than 29 million citations of biomedical research from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. The NCBI runs a similar search engine for research in the chemical sciences called PubChem , too, which is also free to use.

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6. E-Theses Online Service (EThOS)

Run by the British Library, EThOS is a database of over 500,000 doctoral theses. More than half of these are available for free, either directly via EThOS or via a link to a university website.

7. Social Science Research Network (SSRN)

SSRN is a database for research from the social sciences and humanities, including 846,589 research papers from 426,107 researchers across 30 disciplines. Most of these are available for free, although you may need to sign up as a member (also free) to access some services.

8. WorldWideScience

WorldWideScience is a global academic search engine, providing access to national and international scientific databases from across the globe. One interesting feature is that it offers automatic translation, so users can have search results translated into their preferred language.

9. Semantic Scholar

Semantic Scholar is an “intelligent” academic search engine. It uses machine learning to prioritize the most important research, which can make it easier to find relevant literature. Or, in Semantic Scholar’s own words, it uses influential citations, images, and key phrases to “cut through the clutter.”

10. Public Library of Science (PLOS)

PLOS is an open-access research organization that publishes several journals. But as well as publishing its own research, PLOS is a dedicated advocate for open-access learning. So if you appreciate the search engines and databases we’ve listed here, check out the rest of the PLOS site to find out more about their campaign to enable access to knowledge.

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Free journal article databases.

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Finding open access (free) journals

This LibGuide provides a list with active links to assist in finding open access (free) journals.

Options for finding reliable full text journal articles.

Other good sources for journals, newspapers, and more available for free on the Internet:

Google Scholar - A search engine for scholarly publications from peer-reviewed journals, professional societies, books, theses, and other sources.

Highwire Press - Offers free articles in biological, physical and social sciences and medicine. The site includes a search engine. Highwire has also put together a list of links to other large archives of scientific resources (highwire.stanford.edu/lists/largest.dtl)

Public Library of Science - A nonprofit scientific/medical organization making articles available for free.

BioMed Central - Publishes a number of journals that are available as open access, including Environmental Health and Journal of Biology. Others are available free to registered users.

OAIster - Indexes over three million digitized resources worldwide and can be limited to text, images, audio, or video files.

The Directory of Open Access Journals - Includes articles from more that 700 titles from around the world. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, Fishery Bulletin, Journal of Construction Education, and Biopolicy are just a few of the titles included.

Scitopia - A federated (“one-stop-shopping”) search portal for publications of a number of professional societies in the areas of science and technology. Over three million documents, including patents and government publications, can be found here.

Scientific Journals International - A Publisher of open-access journals in science, technology, health, education, and social sciences. Links to online issues are included.

Encyclopedia of Life - A collaborative initiative to collect information on every species on earth. Contributing organizations include Smithsonian Institution, Royal Botanic Garden, and American Museum of Natural History.

Internet Public Library - “Information you can trust” with subject indexes, newspapers, magazines, special collections, and more.

WorldCat - Sometimes called the catalog of catalogs, WorldCat lets you search through library holdings from thousands of libraries around the world. Search for everything from books, articles, CDs, DVDs, audio files, and more. This is a great resource for locating material that can be obtained through Interlibrary Loan if it is not available on the Internet.

WolframAlpha - A Wolfram Research resource, this "computational knowledge engine" can answer a wide variety of questions and provide information on various topics. Subjects covered include mathematics, statistics and data analysis, chemistry, engineering, and earth sciences among many more.

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Open Access Journals without publication fees

Selected journals with Impact Factor indexed in PubMed. For updated information on article processing charges, and impact factors see the journal’s websites. For all types of journals, see this list .

Acta Cardiologica Impact factor: 0.561 (2013). Subjects: All aspects of cardiovascular disease.

Acta Clinica Croatica Impact factor: 0.421 (2013). Subjects: Medicine (General).

Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica Impact factor: 0.581 (2013). Subjects: All aspects of the diagnosis and management of skin and venereal diseases.

Acta Nature Impact factor: 0.872 (2013). Subjects: Molecular biology, biochemistry, biomedical disciplines, and biotechnology.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis Impact factor: 2.244 (2013). Subjects: All aspects of neuroscience.

Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology Impact factor: 0.624 (2013). Subjects: Neurology, neuropsychiatry, and neuroimaging.

Annals of Thoracic Medicine   Impact factor: 1.338 (2013). Subjects: Pulmonology, thoracic surgery, critical care medicine, respiratory therapy, transplantation, sleep medicine, related basic medical sciences, and more.

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Impact factor: 1.662 (2013). Subjects: Cardiovascular medicine.

Archives of Iranian Medicine     Impact factor: 1.22. Subjects: .

Australian Family Physician Impact factor: 0.71. Subjects: .

Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing Impact factor: 0.34. Subjects: .

Basic and Clinical Neuroscience (BCN)  Impact factor: . Subjects: Developmental, molecular, cellular, system, computational, behavioral, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience.

Biochemia Medica Impact factor: 1.873. Subjects: .

Blood Transfusion Impact factor: 1.858. Subjects: .

Bratislava Medical Journal Impact factor: 0.345. Subjects: Biomedical sciences and clinical medicine.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases Impact factor: 1.036. Subjects: .

Central European Journal of Public Health Impact factor: 0.00. Subjects: All spheres of public health.

Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Impact factor: 3.37 (2013). Subjects: Internal medicine and cardiology.

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology Impact factor: 1.983 (2013). Subjects: .

Croatian Medical Journal Impact factor: 1.373 (2013). Subject: Medicine (General).

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International   Impact factor: 3.542. Subject: Medicine (General).

Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) Impact factor: 7.26. Subjects: Public health and environmental sciences.

EuroIntervention   Impact factor: 3.173. Subjects: . Note: This journal is free, but you will have to register to access the contents.

Folia Biologica Impact factor: 1.219. Subjects: .

Functional Neurology Impact factor: 1.518. Subjects: Neurosciences.

Hellenic Journal of Cardiology Impact factor: 1.227. Subjects: .

Hormones Impact factor: 2.43. Subjects: Clinical and basic endocrinology and metabolism.

Image Analysis & Stereology Impact factor: 0.639. Subjects: .

Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics Impact factor: 1.026. Subjects: .

Indian Journal of Cancer Impact factor: 1.131. Subject: All the specialties of oncology.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology   Impact factor: 1.325 (2013). Subjects: Dermatology, venereology, and leprology.

Indian Journal of Experimental Biology   Impact factor: 1.195. Subjects: Cell biology, molecular biology, genetic engineering, endocrinology, reproductive biology, immunology, developmental biology, comparative physiology, radiation biology, chronobiology, microbiology, pharmacology, toxicology and other biological fields including instrumentation and methodology.

Indian Journal of Medical Research Impact factor: 2.061. Subject: Biomedical research.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology   Impact factor: 0.927 (2013). Subjects: Ophthalmology and vision science.

Indian Journal of Orthopaedics   Impact factor: 0.624 (2013). Subjects: Orthopaedics, and traumatology.

Indian Journal of Pathologists and Microbiologists Impact factor: 0.642 (2013). Subjects: Morbid anatomy, pathology, cytology, hematology,  and medical microbiology.

Indian Journal of Pharmacology   Impact factor: 0.679 (2013). Subjects: Clinical and experimental pharmacology.

International Braz J Urol: official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology Impact factor: 0.742. Subjects: Urology.

International Journal of Shoulder Surgery Impact factor: 0.513 (2013). Subjects:  Basic science, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of disorders of the shoulder girdle. 

Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases Impact factor: 0.94. Subjects: .

Iranian Journal of Neurology Impact factor: . Subjects: .

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Impact factor: 0.540. Subjects: Pharmacy, materia medica, medicine (General), and health sciences.

Jornal de Pediatria Impact factor: 1.154. Subjects:  Various areas in the field of pediatrics.

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Impact factor: 1.798. Subjects: All aspects of evolutionary anthropology.

Journal of Applied Oral Science Impact factor: 0.797. Subjects: .

Journal of Biomedical Science Impact factor: 2.46. Subject: All fundamental and molecular aspects of basic medical sciences.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics Impact factor: 0.761. Subjects: Basic and clinical sciences in oncology including radiation oncology.

Journal of Cytology     Impact factor: 0.413 (2013). Subjects: All aspects of diagnostic cytology, including fine needle aspiration cytology, gynecological and non-gynecological cytology.

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Impact factor: 1.849 (2013). Subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology.

Journal of Headache and Pain Impact factor: 2.779. Subject: Pathology.

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Impact factor: 1.12. Subject: Preference is given to articles dealing with issues of developing countries.

Journal of Medical Biochemistry Impact factor: 1.084. Subjects: .

Journal of Minimal Access Surgery Impact factor: 1.374 (2013). Subjects: Minimal access surgery.

Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions Impact factor: 2.45. Subject: Pathophysiology and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology Impact factor: 0.992. Subjects: All branches of nutritional science, food science and vitaminology.

Journal of Occupational Health   Impact factor: 1.55. Subject: Internal medicine.

Journal of Pharmacological Science Impact factor: 2.08. Subject: Therapeutics.

Journal of Physiotherapy Impact factor: 4.00. Subjects: Physiotherapy.

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Impact factor: 1.589. Subjects: Clinical medicine, surgery, pharmaceutical and basic medical sciences with emphasis on health problems and solutions relating to clinicians.

Journal of Visceral Surgery Impact factor: 1.167. Subjects: .

Malaysian Journal of Nutrition Impact factor: 0.00. Subjects: Nutrition.

MEMORIAS Impact factor: 1.363. Subjects: .

Muscle, Ligament and Tendons Journal Impact factor: 0.00. Subjects: All aspects of clinical and basic research studies related to musculoskeletal, ligament, tendon, public health, exercise physiology and kinesiology issues.

Neurology India Impact factor: 1.084 (2013). Subjects: Neurology, neurosurgery, neuropsychiatry, neuropathology, neuro-oncology, and neuro-pharmaceutics.

Noise and Health Impact factor: 1.430 (2013). Subjects: Auditory and non-auditory effects of occupational, environmental, and leisure noise.

Pharmacognosy Magazine Impact factor: 1.159 (2013). Subjects: Medicinal plant research and development.

Preventing Chronic Disease Impact factor: 1.585. Subject: Chronic disease prevention.

Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal Impact factor: 0.667. Subject: The scope of the journal includes a range of medical, dental, public health, pharmaceutical and biosocial sciences research.

Psychiatria Danubina Impact factor: 0.633. Subjects: Psychiatry.

São Paulo Medical Journal Impact factor: 0.588. Subjects: Clinical health science (internal medicine, gynecology and obstetrics, mental health, surgery, pediatrics and public health).

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology Impact factor: 1.221 (2013). Subjects: All aspects of digestive diseases, including the prevention, diagnosis and management and related genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology as relevant to gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders. 

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation Impact factor: 0.00. Subjects: Kidney diseases, urinary tract, renal replacement therapies, and transplantation.

Scandinavian Journal of Surgery Impact factor: 1.169. Subjects: .

Texas Heart Institute Journal Impact factor: 0.674. Subjects: Cardiovascular diseases.

Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology Subjects: Gastroenterology and hepatology.

Urology Journal Impact factor: 0.56. Subjects: Urology and nephrology.

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Free APA Journals ™ Articles

Recently published articles from subdisciplines of psychology covered by more than 90 APA Journals™ publications.

For additional free resources (such as article summaries, podcasts, and more), please visit the Highlights in Psychological Research page.

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• Moving While Black: Intergroup Attitudes Influence Judgments of Speed (PDF, 71KB) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General February 2016 by Andreana C. Kenrick, Stacey Sinclair, Jennifer Richeson, Sara C. Verosky, and Janetta Lun
• Recognition Without Awareness: Encoding and Retrieval Factors (PDF, 116KB) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition September 2015 by Fergus I. M. Craik, Nathan S. Rose, and Nigel Gopie
• The Tip-of-the-Tongue Heuristic: How Tip-of-the-Tongue States Confer Perceptibility on Inaccessible Words (PDF, 91KB) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition September 2015 by Anne M. Cleary and Alexander B. Claxton
• Cognitive Processes in the Breakfast Task: Planning and Monitoring (PDF, 146KB) Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale September 2015 by Nathan S. Rose, Lin Luo, Ellen Bialystok, Alexandra Hering, Karen Lau, and Fergus I. M. Craik
• Searching for Explanations: How the Internet Inflates Estimates of Internal Knowledge (PDF, 138KB) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General June 2015 by Matthew Fisher, Mariel K. Goddu, and Frank C. Keil
• Client Perceptions of Corrective Experiences in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Motivational Interviewing for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: An Exploratory Pilot Study (PDF, 62KB) Journal of Psychotherapy Integration March 2017 by Jasmine Khattra, Lynne Angus, Henny Westra, Christianne Macaulay, Kathrin Moertl, and Michael Constantino
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Developmental Trajectories Related to Parental Expressed Emotion (PDF, 160KB) Journal of Abnormal Psychology February 2016 by Erica D. Musser, Sarah L. Karalunas, Nathan Dieckmann, Tara S. Peris, and Joel T. Nigg
• The Integrated Scientist-Practitioner: A New Model for Combining Research and Clinical Practice in Fee-For-Service Settings (PDF, 58KB) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice December 2015 by Jenna T. LeJeune and Jason B. Luoma
• Psychotherapists as Gatekeepers: An Evidence-Based Case Study Highlighting the Role and Process of Letter Writing for Transgender Clients (PDF, 76KB) Psychotherapy September 2015 by Stephanie L. Budge
• Perspectives of Family and Veterans on Family Programs to Support Reintegration of Returning Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PDF, 70KB) Psychological Services August 2015 by Ellen P. Fischer, Michelle D. Sherman, Jean C. McSweeney, Jeffrey M. Pyne, Richard R. Owen, and Lisa B. Dixon
• "So What Are You?": Inappropriate Interview Questions for Psychology Doctoral and Internship Applicants (PDF, 79KB) Training and Education in Professional Psychology May 2015 by Mike C. Parent, Dana A. Weiser, and Andrea McCourt
• Cultural Competence as a Core Emphasis of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy (PDF, 81KB) Psychoanalytic Psychology April 2015 by Pratyusha Tummala-Narra
• The Role of Gratitude in Spiritual Well-Being in Asymptomatic Heart Failure Patients (PDF, 123KB) Spirituality in Clinical Practice March 2015 by Paul J. Mills, Laura Redwine, Kathleen Wilson, Meredith A. Pung, Kelly Chinh, Barry H. Greenberg, Ottar Lunde, Alan Maisel, Ajit Raisinghani, Alex Wood, and Deepak Chopra
• Nepali Bhutanese Refugees Reap Support Through Community Gardening (PDF, 104KB) International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation January 2017 by Monica M. Gerber, Jennifer L. Callahan, Danielle N. Moyer, Melissa L. Connally, Pamela M. Holtz, and Beth M. Janis
• Does Monitoring Goal Progress Promote Goal Attainment? A Meta-Analysis of the Experimental Evidence (PDF, 384KB) Psychological Bulletin February 2016 by Benjamin Harkin, Thomas L. Webb, Betty P. I. Chang, Andrew Prestwich, Mark Conner, Ian Kellar, Yael Benn, and Paschal Sheeran
• Youth Violence: What We Know and What We Need to Know (PDF, 388KB) American Psychologist January 2016 by Brad J. Bushman, Katherine Newman, Sandra L. Calvert, Geraldine Downey, Mark Dredze, Michael Gottfredson, Nina G. Jablonski, Ann S. Masten, Calvin Morrill, Daniel B. Neill, Daniel Romer, and Daniel W. Webster
• Supervenience and Psychiatry: Are Mental Disorders Brain Disorders? (PDF, 113KB) Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology November 2015 by Charles M. Olbert and Gary J. Gala
• Constructing Psychological Objects: The Rhetoric of Constructs (PDF, 108KB) Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology November 2015 by Kathleen L. Slaney and Donald A. Garcia
• Expanding Opportunities for Diversity in Positive Psychology: An Examination of Gender, Race, and Ethnicity (PDF, 119KB) Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne August 2015 by Meghana A. Rao and Stewart I. Donaldson
• Racial Microaggression Experiences and Coping Strategies of Black Women in Corporate Leadership (PDF, 132KB) Qualitative Psychology August 2015 by Aisha M. B. Holder, Margo A. Jackson, and Joseph G. Ponterotto
• An Appraisal Theory of Empathy and Other Vicarious Emotional Experiences (PDF, 151KB) Psychological Review July 2015 by Joshua D. Wondra and Phoebe C. Ellsworth
• An Attachment Theoretical Framework for Personality Disorders (PDF, 100KB) Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne May 2015 by Kenneth N. Levy, Benjamin N. Johnson, Tracy L. Clouthier, J. Wesley Scala, and Christina M. Temes
• Emerging Approaches to the Conceptualization and Treatment of Personality Disorder (PDF, 111KB) Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne May 2015 by John F. Clarkin, Kevin B. Meehan, and Mark F. Lenzenweger
• A Complementary Processes Account of the Development of Childhood Amnesia and a Personal Past (PDF, 585KB) Psychological Review April 2015 by Patricia J. Bauer
• Terminal Decline in Well-Being: The Role of Social Orientation (PDF, 238KB) Psychology and Aging March 2016 by Denis Gerstorf, Christiane A. Hoppmann, Corinna E. Löckenhoff, Frank J. Infurna, Jürgen Schupp, Gert G. Wagner, and Nilam Ram
• Student Threat Assessment as a Standard School Safety Practice: Results From a Statewide Implementation Study (PDF, 97KB) School Psychology Quarterly June 2018 by Dewey Cornell, Jennifer L. Maeng, Anna Grace Burnette, Yuane Jia, Francis Huang, Timothy Konold, Pooja Datta, Marisa Malone, and Patrick Meyer
• Can a Learner-Centered Syllabus Change Students’ Perceptions of Student–Professor Rapport and Master Teacher Behaviors? (PDF, 90KB) Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology September 2016 by Aaron S. Richmond, Jeanne M. Slattery, Nathanael Mitchell, Robin K. Morgan, and Jared Becknell
• Adolescents' Homework Performance in Mathematics and Science: Personal Factors and Teaching Practices (PDF, 170KB) Journal of Educational Psychology November 2015 by Rubén Fernández-Alonso, Javier Suárez-Álvarez, and José Muñiz
• Teacher-Ready Research Review: Clickers (PDF, 55KB) Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology September 2015 by R. Eric Landrum
• Enhancing Attention and Memory During Video-Recorded Lectures (PDF, 83KB) Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology March 2015 by Daniel L. Schacter and Karl K. Szpunar
• The Alleged "Ferguson Effect" and Police Willingness to Engage in Community Partnership (PDF, 70KB) Law and Human Behavior February 2016 by Scott E. Wolfe and Justin Nix
• Randomized Controlled Trial of an Internet Cognitive Behavioral Skills-Based Program for Auditory Hallucinations in Persons With Psychosis (PDF, 92KB) Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal September 2017 by Jennifer D. Gottlieb, Vasudha Gidugu, Mihoko Maru, Miriam C. Tepper, Matthew J. Davis, Jennifer Greenwold, Ruth A. Barron, Brian P. Chiko, and Kim T. Mueser
• Preventing Unemployment and Disability Benefit Receipt Among People With Mental Illness: Evidence Review and Policy Significance (PDF, 134KB) Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal June 2017 by Bonnie O'Day, Rebecca Kleinman, Benjamin Fischer, Eric Morris, and Crystal Blyler
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• Anger Intensification With Combat-Related PTSD and Depression Comorbidity (PDF, 81KB) Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy January 2016 by Oscar I. Gonzalez, Raymond W. Novaco, Mark A. Reger, and Gregory A. Gahm
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• Multidimensional Suicide Inventory-28 (MSI-28) Within a Sample of Military Basic Trainees: An Examination of Psychometric Properties (PDF, 79KB) Military Psychology November 2015 By Serena Bezdjian, Danielle Burchett, Kristin G. Schneider, Monty T. Baker, and Howard N. Garb
• Cross-Cultural Competence: The Role of Emotion Regulation Ability and Optimism (PDF, 100KB) Military Psychology September 2015 By Bianca C. Trejo, Erin M. Richard, Marinus van Driel, and Daniel P. McDonald
• The Effects of Stress on Prospective Memory: A Systematic Review (PDF, 149KB) Psychology & Neuroscience September 2017 by Martina Piefke and Katharina Glienke
• Don't Aim Too High for Your Kids: Parental Overaspiration Undermines Students' Learning in Mathematics (PDF, 164KB) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology November 2016 by Kou Murayama, Reinhard Pekrun, Masayuki Suzuki, Herbert W. Marsh, and Stephanie Lichtenfeld
• Sex Differences in Sports Interest and Motivation: An Evolutionary Perspective (PDF, 155KB) Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences April 2016 by Robert O. Deaner, Shea M. Balish, and Michael P. Lombardo
• Asian Indian International Students' Trajectories of Depression, Acculturation, and Enculturation (PDF, 210KB) Asian American Journal of Psychology March 2016 By Dhara T. Meghani and Elizabeth A. Harvey
• Cynical Beliefs About Human Nature and Income: Longitudinal and Cross-Cultural Analyses (PDF, 163KB) January 2016 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology by Olga Stavrova and Daniel Ehlebracht
• Annual Review of Asian American Psychology, 2014 (PDF, 384KB) Asian American Journal of Psychology December 2015 By Su Yeong Kim, Yishan Shen, Yang Hou, Kelsey E. Tilton, Linda Juang, and Yijie Wang
• Resilience in the Study of Minority Stress and Health of Sexual and Gender Minorities (PDF, 40KB) Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity September 2015 by Ilan H. Meyer
• Self-Reported Psychopathy and Its Association With Criminal Cognition and Antisocial Behavior in a Sample of University Undergraduates (PDF, 91KB) Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement July 2015 by Samantha J. Riopka, Richard B. A. Coupland, and Mark E. Olver

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MONETIZING THE DIGITAL PERSONA: STRATEGIES, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE TRENDS IN SOCIAL MEDIA INCOME GENERATION

Information Technology

Use Apriori, Genetic Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic to Foretell the Most Common Amino Acid Sequence

Computer Science and Engineering

Deep Learning Based Natural Language Processing E-Commerce Chatbot

Functional exercises and counselling help an out-of-shape elderly patient achieve her functional goals: a case study

Medical Education

LABOR PAIN RELIEF WITH CHOSEN AROMATHERAPY IN PARTICULAR KANPUR HOSPITAL SETTINGS

Reviewing DNA barcoding as a means of identifying rare and endangered plant species

Helping India's Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Create Jobs

Entrepreneurship

Present-Day Dalit Repositioning in Rural Bihar's Social Hierarchy

Anthropology

The use of shrimp shells in products that are not intended for consumption

An investigation of brushless DC motors, which boast great efficiencies and superior degrees of controllability

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

A Excellence Measurement Study was conducted Within the Oriental Cables Manufacturing

Research on the Development and Training Programs of Regenta Wire Industries

The structure and physicochemical characteristics of the hydrolytic device were studied in relation to the impacts of two different drying processes for fish cuts.

Food Science and Technology

Three-phase voltage regulation based on Synchronous generators and controllers

Element of CIPARAY for Fish Farming Planning and Research

A LOOK AT HOW RAINFALL CHANGES AND HOW THE RAINY Period CHANGES OVER TIME IN MADAGASCAR'S FAR NORTH

Climatology and Weather

Evaluation of Rarely Covered Topics in Port Harcourt's Senior High Mathematics Curricula

Village Communists In AMBATOMANGA-MADAGASCAR Eat Mostly Homemade Food

Biological Anthropology

Goosefoots giganteum leaf extracts exhibited antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and a substantial number of other microorganisms.

Pharmacology

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK PLACE CONDITIONS AND INDIVIDUAL PERCEPTIONS OF JOB SATISIFACTION

The Importance of Endangered Species Conservation for Lepidoptera: A Survey of the Research

A look at the many applications and types of nanoscience in the pharmaceutical industry

ARTICLE EXAMINATION ON THE USE OF PCALAMARI INK FOR Synthetic Colorants AND Medical products

Reusing sewage water in cementitious materials as an alternative to drinking water

Civil Engineering

The Origins and Consequences of the French Revolutionary

Political Science

The Nonviolent Resistance Movement and Its Leader, Mahatma Gandhiji

A Critical Analysis of Macroalgae Farming Using the Kappaphycus alvarezii Species and Its Impact on the Environment

A NEW Respiratory syncytial Infectious disease With KLEBSIELLA PNUEMONIAE.

Pseudomonas putida bacteria: the biotech industry's obsession with the organism's fundamental carbon and cellular biochemistry

Bio-engineering

EXAMINING THE BARE MINIMUM REQUIRED FOR PROTOCELL-LIKE NANOSTRUCTURES TO FORM IN THE PREBIOTIC ENVIRONMENT

A Research Project on the Impact of Technology on the Indian Banks Sector

Banking and Finance

Brand Recognition of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, Before and After Gst Regime

Marketing Management

Geographic information system and Sensing Methods for Management of Water Resources

To achieve environmental preservation, it is necessary to use eco-friendly products.

Environment Science and technology

MADAGASCAR: A CASE STUDY OF THE Consequences of Climate Change ON THE COUNTRY'S Groundwater

Earth sciences

Global warming throughout the world: Is it knocking by now?

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR STOCK PRICE PREDICTION USING LSTM NETWORKS IN PYTHON JUPYTER NOTEBOOK

Mathematics

VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR REYNOLD’S NUMBER IN CASE OF STRATIFIED FLUID

How the Study Routines of Students in Elementary School Affect the Students' Overall Academic Performance

Enhancing Fertilizer Utilization Effectiveness: An Extensive Review of Techniques

Agriculture Science

The Importance of Engaging Customers in the Process of Revitalising Culture and Art in the Age of COVID-19

Herbal Remedies from the Sandstone Regions of northwestern Rajasthan

A Concise Explanation of Plastic Surgery: Transforming Bodies and Lives

Plastic surgery

Performance Evaluation of Commercial Banks in the Indian Banking Industry

The analysis focuses on the earnings of state-owned commercial banks in India concerning high-risk investments.

Sustainable Solutions from Nature: Research Advancements and Application Prospects in China

Taking Stock of Our Earth's Resources Is Crucial for Effective Integrated Watershed Care

Parents of adolescents bring their unique gender perspective to their roles as adults.

Communities of Microorganisms in Their Natural Setting

Challenges and novel approaches to addressing slenderness and malnutrition in Indonesia.

Effects of Weather Change in Various Regions

Detailed Case Study: Himalayan Mountain Formation

Enhancing Climate Resilience in Madagascar's Cotton Farming: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach

Analyzing the Main Factors Behind Biodiversity Decline and Conservation Strategies in Ethiopia: A Comprehensive Overview

Comprehensive Tactics for Managing Risk in the Banking Sector

Revolutionizing Digital Retail: Leveraging the Full Potential of the E-commerce Supply Chain

Digital Music Downloading and Forecasting Trends: A Study of University Students and E-Commerce Practices

Enhancing the Management of Parkinson's Disease: Investigating the Potency of Rukshana - An Ayurvedic Method - An in-depth Case Study

Internal Medicine

An Instance of Radiation-Related Vertebral Displacement Fracture Simulating Solitary Bones Lung Cancer Metastatic Development

Orthopedics

Conserving Smiles: An In-Depth Examination of Alveolar Crest Conservation in Implant Dentistry

Progress in On-the-Go Genetically Modified Product Identification: Transitioning from Defense Biosensing to On-Site Sequencing

Microbiology

Impact of Pretreatment Methods on Chromosome Stability in Regenerated Plantlets

Cell Biology

Recent Breakthroughs in Halting the Formation of Atherosclerotic Plaques

Developing an Adaptive Feed Algorithm: A Case Study

Unlocking the Potential of On-Farm Testing for Agriculture and Environment

Preserving Soil Health: Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture

Soil Sciences

Navigating the Future of Food Security: The Dual Role of Pesticides in Modern Agriculture and Environmental Health

Exploring Human Culture: Interplay Between Academic Disciplines and Cultural Diversity

Matriarchs of the Margins: Steering Progress in India's Heartlands

Optimizing Digital Marketing Through Cross-Platform Data Integration: A Focus on Facebook Campaign Efficiency

Optimizing Online User Experience and Conversion Rates for an Indian Eyewear Retailer

Alleviating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Animal Waste Storage with Biochar Integration

A Golden Symbiosis: Exploring Tobacco Cultivation Practices in Charotar, Gujarat

A Comprehensive Review on the Advancement of Sustainability in the Agro-Processing Industries

An In-Depth Analysis of Green Valley Organic Farm's Organic Farming Methods and Obstacles: A Case Study

South African Fisheries Administration: A Case Report on the Use of Ecosystem-Based Concepts and Research

The Indian subcontinent is home to a newly found Gigantochloa bamboo species.

In the Senior Chinese Society, the Relationship Between Sarcopenia, Body Health, and Protein Intake

Human Genetics

Increase in the Periodic Distribution of GI Trchochiles in Goats and Sheep in the Anand District of Gujarat, India

A Comprehensive Review of Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinal Plants

Metabolic Pattern Alterations in Pearl Millet Inflorescence Florets Caused by Downy Mildew

Enhancing Late Sown Rice Productivity through Advanced Soil Moisture Management

Research Report on Marine-Derived Cyclic Lactones: An In-Depth Survey of Potential Therapeutic Activities

Marine Sciences

Unveiling the Secrets of the Deep: Advances in Marine Geology and Their Implications for Earth's Geological Evolution

Exploring Deep Geodynamics and Metallogenic Processes: Interactions of Mantle Flow and Lithosphere Dynamics

Blending Tradition with Innovation: Harnessing Conventional Wisdom in Rainwater Harvesting to Combat Climate Change

Hypothetical Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Hypothetical RAG): Advancing AI for Enhanced Contextual Understanding and Creative Problem-Solving

Transforming Data Warehouses into Dynamic Knowledge Bases for RAG

Implementation Approach for Duplicate Image Identification and Removal

Case Study: Transitioning to Green Hydrogen: A Sustainable Future for China

Mechanical Engineering

Case Study: Impact of Adjacent Construction Projects on Soil Integrity and Tree Growth

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New Open Access Journal from APS and Sage Expands Publishing Opportunity for Psychological Scientists

Applications now open for role of inaugural editor.

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August 13, 2024 — The Association for Psychological Science (APS) and Sage announce the launch of Advances in Psychological Science Open , a fully open access journal that will publish high-quality empirical, technical, theoretical, and review articles, across the full range of areas and topics in psychological science. The journal will accept submissions in a variety of formats, including long-form articles and short reports, and APS is encouraging scientists to submit integrative and interdisciplinary research articles. 

“APS is always working to identify new ways to catalyze advances in psychological science,” said APS CEO Robert Gropp. “We are excited to announce that we are launching Advances in Psychological Science Open to provide a publication option for scientists who want a fully open access journal in which to share their research findings.”  

APS has launched a search for the inaugural editor of the journal with the goal of having an editor appointed to begin work in January 2025, with first acceptance of manuscripts in mid- 2025. Nominations, including self-nominations, for Founding Editor are welcomed.  Nominations of members of underrepresented groups in psychology are especially encouraged. For more information on how to submit a nomination, please refer to the open call here .  

“Sage has been committed to opening pathways for social and behavioral scientists since our founding nearly 60 years ago,” said Bob Howard, executive vice president, research at Sage. “We’re thrilled to build on our long-standing partnership with APS to launch a journal publishing high-quality, impactful research that will help shape the future of psychological science.” 

The new title is the seventh journal that APS will publish in partnership with Sage. Advances in Psychological Science Open adds to the rich ecosystem of APS publications that collectively meet the needs of the psychological science community. APS members will receive a significant discount on the open access fee for this new journal, adding to the suite of benefits that members already receive. 

For more information, please contact Scott Sleek at [email protected] .

About Sage  

Sage  is a global academic publisher of books, journals, and library resources with a growing range of technologies to enable discovery, access, and engagement. Believing that research and education are critical in shaping society, 24-year-old Sara Miller McCune founded Sage in 1965. Today, we are controlled by a group of trustees charged with maintaining our independence and mission indefinitely.  

See the related announcement: Advances in Psychological Science Open  Coming Soon

APS regularly opens certain online articles for discussion on our website. Effective February 2021, you must be a logged-in APS member to post comments. By posting a comment, you agree to our Community Guidelines and the display of your profile information, including your name and affiliation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations present in article comments are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views of APS or the article’s author. For more information, please see our Community Guidelines .

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Incoming PSPI Editor Colleen Seifert Outlines Her Goals for the Journal

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Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence

Title: the ai scientist: towards fully automated open-ended scientific discovery.

Abstract: One of the grand challenges of artificial general intelligence is developing agents capable of conducting scientific research and discovering new knowledge. While frontier models have already been used as aides to human scientists, e.g. for brainstorming ideas, writing code, or prediction tasks, they still conduct only a small part of the scientific process. This paper presents the first comprehensive framework for fully automatic scientific discovery, enabling frontier large language models to perform research independently and communicate their findings. We introduce The AI Scientist, which generates novel research ideas, writes code, executes experiments, visualizes results, describes its findings by writing a full scientific paper, and then runs a simulated review process for evaluation. In principle, this process can be repeated to iteratively develop ideas in an open-ended fashion, acting like the human scientific community. We demonstrate its versatility by applying it to three distinct subfields of machine learning: diffusion modeling, transformer-based language modeling, and learning dynamics. Each idea is implemented and developed into a full paper at a cost of less than $15 per paper. To evaluate the generated papers, we design and validate an automated reviewer, which we show achieves near-human performance in evaluating paper scores. The AI Scientist can produce papers that exceed the acceptance threshold at a top machine learning conference as judged by our automated reviewer. This approach signifies the beginning of a new era in scientific discovery in machine learning: bringing the transformative benefits of AI agents to the entire research process of AI itself, and taking us closer to a world where endless affordable creativity and innovation can be unleashed on the world's most challenging problems. Our code is open-sourced at this https URL

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Volume 193, Issue 3

Organising food systems through ecologies of care: a relational approach.

• Kathryn Pavlovich
• Maree Roche

Beyond Rupture, Interstice and Reform: Searching for Nuance in the Portrayal of Engagement for Social and Ecological Transition

• Luigi Russi
• Cécile Renouard
• Nathanaël Wallenhorst

Shareholder Activism on Climate Change: Evolution, Determinants, and Consequences

• Ivan Diaz-Rainey
• Paul A. Griffin
• Constancio Zamora-Ramírez

Stakeholder Pressures and Decarbonization Strategies in Mittelstand Firms

• Jörn H. Block
• Pramodita Sharma

Goodwill Hunting: Why and When Ultimate Controlling Owners Affect Their Firms’ Corporate Social Responsibility Performance

• Pengcheng Ma
• Daniel Han Ming Chng

Does CSR Engagement Deter Corporate Misconduct? Quasi-natural Experimental Evidence from Firms Joining a Government-Initiated Social Program in China

• Ziqiao Wang

Decay and Recovery of CSR Routines in Franchise Organizations

• Benjamin Lawrence
• Brett Massimino
• Jie J. Zhang

Leaving a Legacy for my Children: The One-Child Policy Reform and Engagement in CSR Among Family Firms in China

• Douglas Cumming

The Independence of Judges and Corporate Social Responsibility

• Senlin Miao
• Gary Gang Tian

To Conform or Not to Conform? The Role of Social Status and Firm Corporate Social Responsibility

• Yingzhao Xiao
• Liuyang Xue

Holding Retail Corporations Accountable for Food Waste: A Due Diligence Framework Informed by Business and Human Rights Principles

• Madhura Rao
• Nadia Bernaz
• Alie de Boer

The Riskification of Internal Auditors’ Ethical Deliberation: An Emerging Third Logic Between Norms and Values?

• Marion Brivot
• Mélanie Roussy
• Yves Gendron

Correction to: The Riskification of Internal Auditors’ Ethical Deliberation: An Emerging Third Logic Between Norms and Values?

Bearing the unbearable: exploring women entrepreneurs resilience building in times of crises.

• Afsaneh Bagheri
• Golshan Javadian
• Zahra Arasti

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What time does the Kentucky State Fair open? Hours for the final week

We're halfway through the final week of the Kentucky State Fair , but there's still time to enjoy everything the Bluegrass State has to offer at the Kentucky Exposition Center .

Here's a look at when you can plan your visit.

What time does the Kentucky State Fair open? When does it close?

Hours vary by day, and outside and inside activities close at different times. Here's a look at the schedule for the remaining days.

• Wednesday and Thursday, Aug. 21-22: 10 a.m.-10 p.m. outside; inside closes at 8 p.m.
• Friday and Saturday, Aug. 23-24: 10 a.m.-11 p.m. outside; inside closes at 9 p.m.
• Sunday, Aug. 25: 10 a.m.-10 p.m. outside; inside closes at 6 p.m.

Kentucky State Fair free concert schedule

Below are the performers that remain for this year's fair. They take place in Lot L, adjacent to Kentucky Kingdom and Broadbent Arena.

For all days except Sunday, Aug. 25, gates open at 6:30 and the show starts at 8 p.m. On Sunday doors open at 4:30 p.m. for a 6 p.m. show.

• Wednesday, Aug. 21 : Justin Moore with special guest Alex Miller
• Thursday, Aug. 22 : Everclear with special guest Marcy Playground
• Friday, Aug. 23 : 38 Special with special guest Exile
• Saturday, Aug. 24 : Lauren Alaina with special guests Mackenzie Porter, Kelsey Hart
• Sunday, Aug. 25 : (6 p.m. show): Tauren Wells with special guest Consumed By Fire

What's the bag policy at the Kentucky State Fair?

According to the fair website , purses, backpacks, book bags, water bottles and strollers are allowed.

Kentucky State Fair food vendors

Check out our guide to the food at the fair:

▶ Kentucky State Fair food guide: Where to find pineapple whip, fried Oreos, pulled pork and more

Kentucky State Fair Location

The Kentucky Exposition Center is at 937 Phillips Lane in Louisville.

Sensory Awareness Day at the Kentucky State Fair

Wednesday, Aug. 21, is Sensory Awareness Day at the fair. Fairgoers with sensory processing differences can get free admission and ride tickets. To get this deal, visit the fair website and find the form, along with additional information about the promotion.

Courier Journal reporters Kirby Adams and Marina Johnson contributed to this article.

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A bibliometric review of innovations in sustainable tourism research: current trends and future research agenda.

1. Introduction

2. theoretical background, 3. materials and methods, 4.1. contribution and citation trends of countries, 4.2. contribution of the institutions, 4.3. contributions of the authors, 4.4. prolific journals and publishers, 4.5. most common keywords, 4.6. citation analysis, 5. discussion.

• Inter-country collaboration. Forming a research cluster encompassing several countries not only extends the boundaries of the research to the international (or global) level but also enables generating higher-quality research and obtaining more reliable and widely applicable results.
• Leading institution. Considering inter-institutional (or inter-country) collaboration, authors are encouraged to evaluate the familiarity of the institution among scholarly society. Partnering with a well-known institution may lead to wider dissemination of the research results as the name of the institution can attract researchers’ interest in the publication [ 18 ].
• Journal choice. It is acknowledged that the multidisciplinary or more general areas representing journals may reach wider audiences considering that domain-related journals are crucial for the smoother development of the field of knowledge. Therefore, publishing in tourism-related journals should be considered regarding the further perspectives of acknowledgment by scholarship and the researcher’s reputation. The number of citations of tourism research in non-tourism disciplines is very small compared to the tens of thousands of internal citations within tourism research [ 92 ].
• Topic choice. Two extremes can be envisioned in this regard. On the one extreme, exceptionally tourism-focused research can be chosen. However, such a choice is extremely conceptual and hardly performable. Therefore, the collaboration and adoption of know-how from other disciplines can be chosen. The academic discourse surrounding tourism’s interdisciplinary approach has long piqued the interest of the scholarly community [ 93 ].

6. Conclusions

Author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.

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Pilelienė, L.; Grigaliūnaitė, V.; Bogoyavlenska, Y. A Bibliometric Review of Innovations in Sustainable Tourism Research: Current Trends and Future Research Agenda. Sustainability 2024 , 16 , 7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16167124

Pilelienė L, Grigaliūnaitė V, Bogoyavlenska Y. A Bibliometric Review of Innovations in Sustainable Tourism Research: Current Trends and Future Research Agenda. Sustainability . 2024; 16(16):7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16167124

Pilelienė, Lina, Viktorija Grigaliūnaitė, and Yuliya Bogoyavlenska. 2024. "A Bibliometric Review of Innovations in Sustainable Tourism Research: Current Trends and Future Research Agenda" Sustainability 16, no. 16: 7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16167124

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