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A Short History of the Origins and Development of English
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Presentation on theme: "A Short History of the Origins and Development of English"— Presentation transcript:
General Information about English Language. What is LANGUAGE? In brief, Language is the medium of expression of our thoughts and feelings…e.g. English.
TOPIC-ENGLISH AS A GLOBAL LANGUAGE
Ch. 5 Language Key Issue 1: Where are English-Language Speakers Distributed? Origin and diffusion of English Dialects of English.
The history of English language
History of the English Language
The history of the English language
Indo-European Language Families
May 7, 2015S. Mathews1 Human Geography By James Rubenstein Chapter 5 Key Issue 1 Where Are English-Language Speakers Distributed?
Word Roots: Classics 30 August 3, 2010: Introduction.
Oh hello Kind Sirs and Madams
Happy New Year! On your desks: Textbook Pen Highlighter
EXTERNAL HISTORY OF LANGUAGES IN BRITAIN
5 EVENTS THAT SHAPED THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH According to Philip Durkin, Principal Etymologist at the Oxford English Dictionary.
The History of the English Language “a brief overview”
Polo Vergara Ernesto & Colin Juan
General Overview of History of English
The Origin of the English Language
Lead-in: 1.Are you good at English? What do you think is the most difficult part of studying English pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary or something.
History of The English Language: Old English and beyond
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The History of the English Language
Related Papers
Václav Blažek
Celto-Germanic: Later Prehistory and Post-Proto-Indo-European vocabulary in the North and West
Synopsis This book is a study of the inherited vocabulary shared uniquely by Celtic, Germanic, and the other Indo-European languages of North and West Europe. The focus is on contact and common developments in the prehistoric period. Words showing the earmarks of loanwords datable to Roman times or the Middle Ages are excluded. Most of the remaining collection predates Grimm’s Law. This and further linguistic criteria are consistent with contexts before ~500 BC. The evidence and analysis here lead to the following explanatory hypothesis. Metal-poor Scandinavia’s sustained demand for resources led to a prolonged symbiosis with the Atlantic façade and Central Europe during the Bronze Age. Complementary advantages of the Pre-Germanic North included Baltic amber and societies favourably situated and organized to build seagoing vessels and recruit crews for long-distance maritime expeditions. An integral dimension of this long-term network was intense contact between the Indo-European dialects that became Celtic and those that became Germanic. The Celto-Germanic vocabulary—like the motifs shared by Iberian stelae and Scandinavian rock art—illuminates this interaction, opening a window onto the European Bronze Age. Much of the word stock can be analyzed as shared across still mutually intelligible dialects rather than borrowed between separate languages. In this respect, what is revealed resembles more the last gasp of Proto-Indo-European than a forerunner of the Celtic–Germanic confrontations of the post-Roman Migration Period and Viking Age. This 2020 edition puts into the public domain some first fruits of a cross-disciplinary research project that will continue until 2023. https://www.wales.ac.uk/Resources/Documents/Centre/2020/Celto-Germanic2020.pdf
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This paper puts forward a new division of the history of Germanic languages, taking into account the existence of three different historical periods (prehistoric, proto-historic, and literary) in the development from Common Germanic or Proto-Germanic to modern Germanic languages, analogously to the development of Romance or Romanic languages from Vulgar Latin (also called Proto-Romanic or Proto-Romance), in which three stages can be retraced: Vulgar Latin (prehistoric), Romance (proto-historic) and literary (historical). So far, only two stages have been considered in the linguistic history of Germanic languages, namely, the Common Germanic (not documented) and the literary Germanic languages (documented since the Middle Ages). Nevertheless, the history of both families of languages is similar in most aspects, so that the three aforementioned periods can be clearly recognized in both: a period of considerable linguistic unity, although poorly or not at all documented; a period of dissolution of this unity and fragmentation into several dialects not mutually intercomprehensible; and a period of full and intense literary production and official recognition of some of these dialects, now raised to the condition of culture languages. Due to this new historiographical division, the denomination Germance is proposed for the second of the three evolutionary stages of Germanic.
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English History Thesis
English history thesis presentation, free google slides theme, powerpoint template, and canva presentation template.
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History of the English Language
Oct 23, 2014
260 likes | 771 Views
History of the English Language. A Brief Overview. Periods of English. Old English Circa 410 – 1100 A.D. Middle English 1100A.D. – 1500 A.D. Early Modern English 15oo A.D. – 1650 A.D. Modern English 1650 A.D. - present. English Pre-History. The Celts and The Romans.
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History of the English Language A Brief Overview
Periods of English • Old English • Circa 410 – 1100 A.D. • Middle English • 1100A.D. – 1500 A.D. • Early Modern English • 15oo A.D. – 1650 A.D. • Modern English • 1650 A.D. - present
English Pre-History The Celts and The Romans
The Celts (? – 55 A.D.) • Largest tribe = Brythons, hence Britain. • Religion = Animism (pagan): saw spirit in all things; priests were called Druids. • Very little of their Celtic language influenced the development of English, though place names remained visible: -ton (farmstead, hamlet); -ham (homestead, meadow); -ley(wood); -worth (enclosure); -feld(open country); -ing(people of).
The Romans (55 A.D. – 410 B.C.) • Julius Caesar's invasion/occupation begins 55 A.D. • Roman occupation brings peace and infrastructure to clannish island • Celts in Ireland, Wales, and Scotland maintain resistance. • Latin language becomes standard during period. • Christianity is introduced, though will take centuries of fits and starts to dominate.
Old English 410 A.D – 1100 A.D.
The Anglo-Saxon Invasions (449 – 710)
Anglo Saxon period • Romano-Celts resisted Anglo Saxon invaders (One king, Artur, won a key battle at Mont Badon in 450 and entered into legend). Celts = OE wealh, or foreigners. • Saint Augustine converts King Aethelbert (Kent) to Christianity in 597, becomes first Archbishop of Canterbury. • Anglo Saxon England eventually forms into seven dominant kingdoms, the Heptarchy: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Wessex, Sussex, Kent. • Anglo Saxons came to be called the Engles, or German tribes, becomes the English.
The Anglo Saxon Heptarchy:NorthumbriaMerciaEast AngliaEssexKentSussexWessex
The Viking Invasions (787 – 1000)
The Vikings • Vikings were sea-faring (explorers, traders, and warriors) Scandinavians, most active during the 8th through 11th centuries. • Oddly enough, the Anglo-Saxon (and Jute) heritage was not much different from the Vikings’: they, too, were Northern Germanic invaders. • However, when the Viking raids began around 787, the Anglo-Saxons were different culturally from the Viking invaders
Key Elements of the Viking Age • The Anglo Saxon “Heroic Code” develops at this time. • The Old English Language of this time features many dialects competing for dominance (Wessex dialect becomes “literary standard”). • Alfred the Great (ruled from approx. 871-899 A.D.) was one of the first Anglo-Saxon kings to push Vikings back; in fact, he was one of the first kings to begin consolidating power, unifying several of the separate Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and establishing the “Danelaw,” a truce with the Vikings. • By @ 950 Britain is unified under a single king, Edgar.
Old English Literature • Caedmon’s Hymn, from the 7th century, is the oldest surviving OE literary work. • Dream of the Rood, among earliest Christian poems in English, inscriptions found on Ruthwell Cross , 7th century. • Beowulf is, of course, best known example: composed orally in 8th century and set in manuscript @1000 A.D. • Majority of Old English ms are historical records, such as The Anglo Saxon Chronicle, which was updated from the 10th through the 12th centuries. • In all, there are only 400 mss comprising perhaps a total of 1000 pages of OE text in existence.
Old English Language Influence • Old English language looks more like German than English. • Remnants of Old English remain in the “glue” of Modern English language, our prepositions and pronouns. • Fundamental concept words hold deep OE influence: hus (house), wif (wife), cild (child), etan (eat), drincan (drink), and fater(father). • Compounding of nouns was introduced during OE period: woroldcyning (world-king), doegred (day-red, dawn), huswiffen (house-wife). • Of 1,000 most commonly used English words, 70% of OE origin.
Middle English 1100 A.D. – 1500 A.D.
Middle English • Middle English is not so much a singular language but rather a transition between Old English and Modern English • Norman Conquest of 1066 put French Kings on throne of England for 200 years; further, French becomes the language of London and the court until Henry V declares English the language of the court in 1415. • During the late 13th and in the 14th century, English was making a comeback. The mood towards France was becoming more and more hostile: it wasn’t seen as a mother country, but as a dangerous rival. Although French and Latin were still languages of prestige, English was becoming the language of communication, even among the nobility. • The Hundred Years’ War with France (mid-14th – mid-15th cent.) marked the definite decline of French and the rise of English as a chief language.
Middle English Literature • Geoffrey Chaucer - Chooses to compose the Canterbury Tales “in the vernacular,” ie. English. • John Wycliffe – translation of the New Testament into English. • William Langland – The Vision of Piers Ploughman, a long alliterative verse narrative of Christian virtue. • Sir Thomas Malory – ‘MorteD’Arthur’ (=Arthur’s Death), 8 tales of Arthur and his knights (mid-15th cent.). This work is important because 8 tales are structurally connected and reminiscent of a novel. • “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” is also from this time period.
Middle English Language Influence • The Middle English (ME) period saw the introduction of over 9,000 French words into the English language (But new pronunciations didn’t necessarily bring new spellings, witness ghoti, or “fish”). • Word order in sentences (s – v – o) standardized during this period. • This period of borrowing gave English its distinctive (and maddening) flexibility.
Early Modern English 1500 A.D. – 1650 A.D.
The Great Vowel Shift • Between the ages of Chaucer to the end of the age of Shakespeare, two significant changes occurred. First, inflected endings were dropped; second, the pronunciation of English long vowels changed, the “Great Vowel Shift.” To our ears, the people of the Early Modern English period would be mispronouncing words. • A rough guide to the shift: • A ah > ay Baht the hook / Bait the hook • E ay > ee Lunch mate / Lunch meat • I ee > eye Dogs beet / Dogs bite • O oo > oh Atlanta Boot Show / Atlanta Boat Show • U ou > you Toothpaste toub / Toothpaste tube
Early Modern English • More than any other invention, the Printing Press (invented in c.1440 by Johannes Gutenberg) substantively changed the English language. • William Caxton brought a printing press to London in 1476 and printed his first book, Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. • The printing press simultaneously accelerated the growth of literacy and necessitated the standardization of spelling and grammar.
Modern English 1650 A.D. - present
Beastie Boys • It is your responsibility to engage in battle with any who would deny your privilege of merrymaking.
Chamillionaire • The masses observe the circumlocution of my conveyance, and myself astride. They express disdain.
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IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
The History of English Language • Great numbers of words entered English from Latin, Greek, early Germanic languages, and French. • Gradually, the language developed. • What we call Modern English had formed by about 1500 A.D. Germanic invaders entered Britain on the east and south coasts in the 5th century.
5. Old English or Anglo-Saxon (449 - 1066 CE) The Romans finally left England in 410 CE as the Roman Empire was collapsing The Celts lived in England when the Romans invaded. 6. Then the West Germanic tribes arrived to England The Angles The Saxons The Jutes The Frisians - These tribes spoke Anglo-Saxon or Old English.
Presentation Transcript. In the Beginning…. • The birth of civilization and language was Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq and Iran) • Proto-World—first language ever spoken • Traced back 50,000 years • Known as the "Mother Tongue" • Mother of all dead and modern languages • Proto-Indo-European is a daughter language; ancestor of ...
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Then, this template is for you! The cream vintage slides with brown and red motifs and lettering will transport your presentation to the British country, and era as well! Teach everyone about the language contacts and development of the language in a different and attractive way!
A History of the English Language. This detailed presentation gives a clear overview of the evolution of the English language throughout the ages. Including the Old English, Middle English, Early Modern, Modern and Late Modern periods, the slideshow covers contextual elements, key features of language, key dates and examples of text for each.
English is a West Germanic language that originated from Ingvaeonic languages brought to Britain in the mid-5th to 7th centuries AD by Anglo-Saxon migrants from what is now northwest Germany, southern Denmark and the Netherlands.The Anglo-Saxons settled in the British Isles from the mid-5th century and came to dominate the bulk of southern Great Britain. . Their language originated as a group ...
Presentation on theme: "History of the English Language"— Presentation transcript: 1 History of the English Language (Baugh & Cable, 2002) "The diversity of cultures that find expression in it is a reminder that the history of English is a story of cultures in contact during the past years" English entered England in 5th, but the island had been inhabited for at least 50,000 years.
The History of the English Language.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. The History of the English Language can be summarized as follows: 1. The Anglo-Saxons conquered Britain beginning in the 5th century AD and established highly organized kingdoms that spoke Old English.
History of the English Language The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the 5th century AD. These tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were ...
John Koch. Synopsis This book is a study of the inherited vocabulary shared uniquely by Celtic, Germanic, and the other Indo-European languages of North and West Europe. The focus is on contact and common developments in the prehistoric period. Words showing the earmarks of loanwords datable to Roman times or the Middle Ages are excluded.
Presentation Transcript. A History of the English Language Chapter 5: Early Modern English. Time Line 1 • 1509 Henry VIII • 1534 Act of Supremacy • 1536 Small monasteries dissolved • 1534 English translation of Bible in any church • 1547 Edward VI • 1553 Mary Tudor • 1558 Elizabeth I • 1559 Act of Supremacy restores laws of ...
35. Early Modern English Early Modern William Caxton establishes the first English 1476 English printing press. 1564 Shakespeare is born. Table Alphabetical, the first English 1604 dictionary, is published. The first permanent English settlement 1607 in the New World (Jamestown) is Late Modern established.
A brief history of English from the Anglo Saxons to ShakespeareSome sources:The Cambridge history of the English language. Vol. I: The beginnings to 1066 by ...
History of the English Language. Feb 10, 2012. 860 likes | 1.89k Views. History of the English Language. WS 2005/6. Topics. Linguistic changes: grammar and lexicon Social and political events that influenced the development of the English language English varieties Mechanisms of language change. Course script Digitale Bibliothek Thüringen.
4. OLD ENGLISH (450 - 1100 AD) 5th century AD; three Germanic tribes invaded Britain, the Angles, the Jutes and the Saxons. The invaders spoke languages of Germanic origin Similarity between many English and German words: the numbers (seven/sieben, eight/acht,nine/neun, ten/zehn) or the pronouns (mine//mein, me/mich).
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Presentation Transcript. History of the English Language The Beautiful, Masterful Tongue. Origins of English • England (Briton) has been inhabited for 50,000 years, yet English has been spoken for only 1,500. • Around 1500 -500 B.C.: Celts are the first Indo European speakers in England.
The Angles and the Saxons were very important and gave English its basic vocabulary and structures. English is Teutonic in essence. 10. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest. 11. Old English The Anglo-Saxon language is also known as Old English and it is the primitive form of modern English.
Free Google Slides theme, PowerPoint template, and Canva presentation template. In order to impress the committee when defending a thesis on English History, a template like this one could be a nice resource for you. Several flat illustrations are included and the backgrounds contain some textures to boost the visuals of the slides. Go ahead ...
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The history of English language. The history of English language. A very brief guide to…. Early beginnings. Before 100 B. C., Britain was populated by a mixture of tribes, including the Celts, Picts, Irish and Cornish. They all spoke a variety of Celtic languages. The origins of English. 1.1k views • 17 slides