st. gallen symposium global essay competition

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Background - 04.05.2023 - 19:00 

52nd St.Gallen Symposium: Elliot Gunn wins this year's Global Essay Competition

On 3 May 2023, three young talents received a prize worth a total of 20`000 CHF at the Global Essay Competition during the St.Gallen Symposium. The prize was awarded for their outstanding ideas and projects, which they submitted when applying to participate in the international conference. The competition is aimed at students worldwide and offers young people the opportunity to exchange ideas with 200 committed "Leaders of Tomorrow" and 600 established "Leaders of Today". 

What does the new generation want to preserve, what does it want to get rid of?

Every year, the Symposium receives around 1,000 submissions from around the globe. The authors of the best 100 essays are invited to St.Gallen as "Leaders of Tomorrow" to discuss their ideas with the "Leaders of Today". Following the conference theme, "A New Generational Contract", this year's essay question was: "The best or worst legacy of previous generations: How can this be preserved or replaced?" A jury of seven selected the best ideas. The jury included Georg von Krogh, Professor of Strategic Management and Innovation at ETH Zurich, Heike Bruch, Professor of Management at the University of St.Gallen and Riz Kahn, British journalist and TV presenter.

Winners of the Global Essay Competition

Improving medical care

First placed student of economic history at the London School of Economics and Political Science Elliot Gunn addresses the global problem in the health sector in his essay "Restoring the Radical Promise of Universal Healthcare". Specifically, Gunn looks at the publicly funded health care systems in Canada and the UK and their challenges. The demand for medical treatment can only be met inadequately, resulting in long waiting times for medical care, for example. To solve this, the student puts forward four concrete proposals: First, a long-term recapitalisation of the health infrastructure should take place through increased financial support. Furthermore, the use of existing capacities should be fully utilized. If pharmacists were given the competence to provide medical care themselves to a certain extent, costs and waiting times could be reduced. A third point aims at the use of productivity-enhancing technologies. In addition to the use of telemedicine, the digitisation of patient records could reduce administrative efforts, lower costs and make processes more efficient and error-free. Gunn's final proposal involves public-private partnerships. In the Canadian province of Ontario, the expansion of private, for-profit clinics has already been announced. In such facilities, publicly funded treatments will be available in the future to reduce the waiting list for surgical procedures.

The legacy of open-source research in AI: making research more publicly accessible

Canadian McGill University doctoral student Gaurav Kamath places second with his essay "Beyond Just a Moral Imperative: The Legacy of Open-source Research in Artificial Intelligence". Kamath discusses that the existence of artificial intelligences (AI) such as the popular chatbot ChatGPT is based on the disclosure of previous work. AI is programmed to be able to learn to solve a problem by itself. This requires statistics and Big Data. However, researchers often do not want to disclose their work for economic and scientific reasons. This in turn hinders the further development of AI. The doctoral student in linguistics therefore proposes to compensate for scientific as well as financial disadvantages. AI research journals and conferences could also encourage open-source research during the evaluation process. Public bodies could as well offer direct financial incentives such as research grants, start-up loans or tax incentives to individuals and organisations in AI research for committing to open research practices.

The modern library: how to make our temples of knowledge fit for the future

Megan Murphy is a doctor of law at the Moritz College of Law at Ohio State University in Columbus. In her third-ranked essay "Turning the Page: Bringing Public Libraries into the 21st Century" she writes about the danger that libraries - as we know them today - are very unlikely to be viable in the future. Costs and financial support from states and politicians are increasingly being cut and visitor numbers are declining. Murphy therefore proposes two concrete measures for action: Firstly, libraries should be modernised to increase added value. This should be done with the help of so-called "content labs". Such labs could be equipped with microphones, cameras and video editing software for the production of podcasts, tripods, backdrops and props for influencer-like photo shoots or special software for budding musicians. In this way, it wants to specifically attract younger people. The economic value of libraries for politicians and governments should also be increased. This can be done through cost-benefit analysis.  You can view and read the full winning essays and the top 25 entries here . Anna Kati Schreiter studied business administration at the University of St.Gallen. 

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St Gallen Symposium's Global Essay Competition on Striving for more or thriving with less

Compete in the St. Gallen Symposium's Global Essay Competition and qualify for participation as a Leader of Tomorrow in the world’s premier opportunity for cross-generational debates. Deadline February 1st, 2024.

Global Essay Competition

Compete in the St. Gallen Symposium's Global Essay Competition and qualify for participation as a Leader of Tomorrow in the world’s premier opportunity for cross-generational debates:

Meet 300 of society’s brightest young minds.

Present and debate your ideas with 600 senior leaders.

Be inspired by some of the world’s most impressive speakers.

Gain a unique and new perspective on this year’s topic.

Become a member of a unique global community.

Participate in the symposium with us.

Win prize money of CHF 20,000 split amongst the three winners.

Topic Question

Striving for more or thriving with less – What pressing scarcity do you see, and how do you suggest to tackle it?

Scarcity generally refers to a situation where human needs exceed available resources . This year’s Global Essay Competition invites young leaders worldwide to focus on a specific contemporary or future challenge related to scarcity and propose an innovative way to address it.

Be creative in thinking about proposed solutions: do we need to strive for more and find ways to boost the availability of the resource in question? Or does it focus on ways to thrive with less and thus rethink our needs and demand?

Be free in choosing which scarce resource you focus on: examples include – but are NOT limited to – human labour, capital, natural resources, or intangibles like time, creativity, or care. Be bold and precise in describing a contemporary or future challenge of scarcity and the specific kind of resources you focus on, and offer a concrete and actionable idea of how we should confront it.

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1 February 2024, 11:59 p.m. last time zone (UTC-12)

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St. Gallen Symposium - Global Essay Competition 2023 launched!

The St. Gallen Symposium is the world's leading initiative for cross generational debates on economic, political, and social developments - an entirely student lead initiative.

Part of the St. Gallen Symposium is the Global Essay Competition, aimed at graduate and post-graduate students (maximum age: 30 years). To participate they will have to answer one of these essay questions , opens an external URL in a new window . They revolve around this year's theme " A New Generational Contract ". A topic which needs to be discussed now more urgently than ever.

The 100 best submissions to the Global Essay Competition will qualify as Leaders of Tomorrow. They will get the unique opportunity to participate at the St. Gallen Symposium in an all-expenses covered trip to Switzerland with like-minded people. Leaders of Tomorrow are carefully selected brilliant young minds from around the world. They will have the opportunity to challenge the status quo, spark ideas, and inspire action through various activities such as panel discussions with current senior leaders across diverse sectors.

We are proud to have welcomed distinguished participants over the years including  Christine Lagarde , president of the European Central Bank,  Jack Ma , founder of Alibaba Group and, most recently, Maria Ressa , last year’s Nobel Peace Prize winner.

We would be delighted to arrange a call with you to discuss further possibilities of how to promote this year's Global Essay Competition at your university.

For immediate further information, kindly visit our website. , opens an external URL in a new window

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St. Gallen Symposium Global Essay Competition 2024 (CHF 20,000 prize)

Deadline: February 1, 2024

Applications are open for the St. Gallen Symposium Global Essay Competition 2024 . Compete in the Global Essay Competition and qualify for participation as a Leader of Tomorrow in the world’s premier opportunity for cross-generational debates: The St. Gallen Symposium.

Meet 300 of society’s brightest young minds. Present and debate your ideas with 600 senior leaders. Be inspired by some of the world’s most impressive speakers. Gain a unique and new perspective on this year’s topic. Become a member of a unique global community. Participate in the symposium.

Topic Question : Striving for more or thriving with less – What pressing scarcity do you see, and how do you suggest to tackle it?

Scarcity generally refers to a situation where human needs exceed available resources. This year’s Global Essay Competition invites young leaders worldwide to focus on a specific contemporary or future challenge related to scarcity and propose an innovative way to address it.

Be creative in thinking about proposed solutions: do we need to strive for more and find ways to boost the availability of the resource in question? Or does it focus on ways to thrive with less and thus rethink our needs and demand?

Be free in choosing which scarce resource you focus on: examples include – but are NOT limited to – human labour, capital, natural resources, or intangibles like time, creativity, or care. Be bold and precise in describing a contemporary or future challenge of scarcity and the specific kind of resources you focus on and offer a concrete and actionable idea of how we should confront it.

• Win prize money of CHF 20,000 split amongst the three winners.

Eligibility

• Be enrolled in a graduate or postgraduate programme (master level or higher) in any field of study at a regular university;
• Born in 1994 or later.

Selection Criteria

For your contribution to be valid, the following criteria must be met:

• Be in Essay form (max. 2,100 words, excl. abstract, bibliography, and footnotes)
• Your name, e-mail address, university, or any identifying details must not be mentioned anywhere in the contribution file.
• Individual work expected, no group work allowed. The essay must be written exclusively for this contest. The idea must be the author’s own.
• All sources must be cited and referred to the respective part in the essay. All contributions will be tested for plagiarism.
• Acceptable language is English.

Application

Make sure you can provide the following documents:

• Copy of passport or other identification (in English for non-Roman languages).
• Confirmation of matriculation/enrolment from your university which proves your enrollment in a graduate/postgraduate level programme as of February 1, 2023 (download sample document here ).
• Your contribution file with no indication of your name in the file name, the file metadata or the file itself.

Click here to register

For more information, visit Global Essay Competition .

Jude Ogar is an educator and youth development practitioner with years of experience working in the education and youth development space. He is passionate about the development of youth in Africa.

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Global Essay Competition 2024

• Deadline February 1, 2024
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Call for essays for the Global Essay Competition 2024 are open now!

Participate in the Global Essay Competition to earn a spot as a Leader of Tomorrow at The St. Gallen Symposium, the world’s most prestigious forum for intergenerational discussion. Meet the 300 most intelligent young people in society. Discuss and present your ideas to 600 high-level executives. Take inspiration from some of the most remarkable speakers on the planet. Discover a fresh and original viewpoint on this year’s theme. Join a distinctive international community and take part in the symposium.

Topic Question: Striving for more or thriving with less – What pressing scarcity do you see, and how do you suggest to tackle it?

In general, scarcity describes a state in which the demands of people outweigh the resources at hand. Young leaders from all over the world are invited to submit original ideas for solving specific scarcity-related problems in the form of essays for this year’s Global Essay Competition. Be creative in thinking about proposed solutions: do we need to  strive for more   and find ways to boost the availability of the resource in question? Or does it focus on ways to   thrive with less  and thus rethink our needs and demand?

Choose freely which limited resource to concentrate on: Examples comprise labour from human beings, money, natural resources, and intangibles like time, creativity, and care, among others. When discussing a current or potential resource scarcity issue, be clear and concise in identifying the particular kind of resources you are focusing on, and provide a practical solution.

Group work is not permitted; individual labour is required. The essay needs to be composed specifically for this competition. It has to be the author’s original concept. Essay length limit: 2,100 words, excluding the abstract, reference list, and footnotes. Language: English. Every source needs to be referenced and cited in the essay’s appropriate section. Every submission will be examined for plagiarism. Each year, the panel chooses three winning essays from among the roughly 1,000 entries that graduate and post-graduate students from all over the world submit each year. You can checkout the previous victors of the competition and peruse their submissions.

• Prize money of CHF 20,000 split amongst the three winners.
• Chance to participate as a Leader of Tomorrow in the world’s premier opportunity for cross-generational debates: The St. Gallen Symposium.

Eligibilities

• Enrolled in a graduate or postgraduate programme (master level or higher) in any field of study at a regular university
• Born in 1994 or later

Application Process

• Visit the apply link by clicking on the “APPLY NOW” button.
• Create your account and fill the application.

Make sure you can provide the following documents:

• Copy of passport or other identification (in English for non-Roman languages)
• Confirmation of matriculation/enrolment from your university which proves your enrolment in a graduate/postgraduate level programme as of 1 February 2024 (download sample document from the official website)
• Your contribution file with no indication of your name in the file name, the file metadata or the file itself

Application Deadline: February 1, 2024

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St. Gallen Symposium Free International Essay Competition

This article talks about the St. Gallen Symposium Free International Essay Competition which is Essay Competition for Junior School Students, Middle School Students, High School Students, College Students. Submit your Entries by Feb 01, 2024. 1 day left!

St. Gallen Global Essay Competition for School Students

Compete in the St. Gallen Global Essay Competition and seize the chance to become a Leader of Tomorrow at the renowned St. Gallen Symposium. This premier opportunity for cross-generational debates invites pre-school, junior school, middle school, and senior school students to showcase their ideas and engage with 600 senior leaders and 300 bright young minds.

Benefits of Participation

• Meet 300 of society’s brightest young minds
• Present and debate your ideas with 600 senior leaders
• Be inspired by world-class speakers
• Gain a unique and new perspective on this year's topic
• Become a member of a unique global community
• Celebrate the 50th anniversary of the St. Gallen Symposium
• Win prize money of CHF 20,000 split amongst the three winners

St. Gallen Wings of Excellence Award

The St. Gallen Wings of Excellence Award, a global student essay competition, is your gateway to participating in the St. Gallen Symposium. Open to graduate and postgraduate students worldwide, this prestigious award offers a chance to be part of the cross-generational debates and make an impact.

Eligibility and Requirements

• Enrolled in a graduate or postgraduate program at a regular university
• Born in 1994 or later
• Submit an excellent, professional, and thought-provoking essay
• Essay format: Max. 2,100 words (excluding abstract, bibliography, and footnotes)
• Language: English
• Deadline: 1 February 2024, 11:59 p.m. last time zone (UTC-12)
• Anonymity: No personal details in the contribution file
• Individual work only, no group submissions
• Cite all sources and avoid plagiarism

Pre-register for Updates

Stay informed about the competition by pre-registering to receive immediate updates in autumn. Don't miss out on the opportunity to shape your future and make your voice heard.

Past Winners & Essay Reviews

Each year, the jury selects three winning essays out of approximately 1,000 contributions submitted by graduate and postgraduate students from around the world. Take inspiration from the past winners and essay reviews to understand the quality of work and level of competition.

Prepare Your Documents

Check your eligibility and ensure you have the required documents ready for submission:

• Copy of passport or other identification (in English for non-Roman languages)
• Confirmation of matriculation/enrollment from your university, proving your enrollment in a graduate/postgraduate program as of 1 February 2024
• Your contribution file with no personal details in the file name, metadata, or content

Don't miss this opportunity to participate in the St. Gallen Global Essay Competition, a platform that welcomes school, college, and international students to showcase their unique perspectives and compete for recognition. It's a chance to explore a global audience, gain a unique experience, and contribute to cross-generational debates. Pre-register now and embark on an exciting journey of intellectual growth and global engagement.

The St. Gallen Symposium presents the St. Gallen Global Essay Competition, a prestigious opportunity for graduate and postgraduate students worldwide. This free essay competition provides a platform for participants to showcase their professional and creative writing skills on a given topic and compete for a chance to win the impressive prize money of CHF 20,000. The selected winners will not only receive the monetary reward but also be invited to the 53rd St. Gallen Symposium in May 2024. This symposium serves as a global stage for cross-generational debates, where participants can engage with 600 senior leaders and connect with 300 bright young minds from around the world. The competition emphasizes individual work, original ideas, and proper citation of sources. To be eligible, students must be enrolled in a graduate or postgraduate program and born in 1994 or later. Additionally, the symposium covers travel, board, and lodging expenses for the qualifying participants. Don't miss out on this unique opportunity for global recognition and intellectual exchange!

Register Now in this Competition!

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Reimagining Design with Nature: ecological urbanism in Moscow

• Reflective Essay
• Published: 10 September 2019
• Volume 1 , pages 233–247, ( 2019 )

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The twenty-first century is the era when populations of cities will exceed rural communities for the first time in human history. The population growth of cities in many countries, including those in transition from planned to market economies, is putting considerable strain on ecological and natural resources. This paper examines four central issues: (a) the challenges and opportunities presented through working in jurisdictions where there are no official or established methods in place to guide regional, ecological and landscape planning and design; (b) the experience of the author’s practice—Gillespies LLP—in addressing these challenges using techniques and methods inspired by McHarg in Design with Nature in the Russian Federation in the first decade of the twenty-first century; (c) the augmentation of methods derived from Design with Nature in reference to innovations in technology since its publication and the contribution that the art of landscape painters can make to landscape analysis and interpretation; and (d) the application of this experience to the international competition and colloquium for the expansion of Moscow. The text concludes with a comment on how the application of this learning and methodological development to landscape and ecological planning and design was judged to be a central tenant of the winning design. Finally, a concluding section reflects on lessons learned and conclusions drawn.

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The politics of designing with nature: reflections from New Orleans and Dhaka

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The landscape team from Gillespies Glasgow Studio (Steve Nelson, Graeme Pert, Joanne Walker, Rory Wilson and Chris Swan) led by the author and all our collaborators in the Capital Cities Planning Group.

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Evans, B.M. Reimagining Design with Nature: ecological urbanism in Moscow. Socio Ecol Pract Res 1 , 233–247 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-019-00031-5

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Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

1840 — 1893

«Our love of Tchaikovsky from one century to the next and one generation to the next is what makes his superb music eternal.» Dmitri Shostakovich

The artistic legacy of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky has become an undeniable fixture of modern life. His music, intimately connected with folk melodies and with all the genres and the lifestyle of his era, is truly international and undiminished by time. It is recognized throughout the world both as a symbol of Russia's national music and also as an example of the universality of what is most important in mankind's thoughts and feelings, which are embodied in the music in a way that is striking and accessible to everyone.

Tchaikovsky's works cover practically all the musical forms, with an emphasis on the largest and most telling-operas and symphonies. These contain the fullest and clearest depiction of the artist's inner world as they concentrate on the intricate stirrings of the soul revealed in stark dramatic confrontations. And at the same time one of his main distinctions is a lyricism expressed through melodic beauty that draws an immediate response from the listener.

«With all my heart I would hope that my music may spread far so that there are more who love it and find consolation and encouragement in it.»

It is impossible to improve upon these words of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky to explain the meaning of his art which involves speaking «truly, honestly, and simply» about those things that are the essence of life for anyone.

Tchaikovsky's dream came true-more and more we are finding «consolation and encouragement» in his music. The composer's hundredth birthday in 1940 was celebrated as a national holiday. That was when the Moscow Conservatory and the Concert Hall of the Moscow Philharmonic were named after him. After another 18 years the first International Tchaikovsky Competition took place in the capital, and it came as one more vivid indication of the world's high regard for this great Russian composer.

It should come as no surprise that there is a meaningful coincidence right now: the milestone XV Competition falls on the 175th year after Tchaikovsky's birth. During the spring festivities in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Klin, Votkinsk and other cities, the Competition will carry out its mission-to be both the culmination of a jubilee birthday and also to go down in history as an extraordinary artistic event that reveals to the world the new stars of classical performing mastery.

«Everything I hold dear is in Petersburg...»

It was Saint Petersburg that formed Tchaikovsky as a person and as a musician. Toward the end of his life, the city humbled its imperial pride before this man of genius. This can be explained by the patronage of Alexander III, which influenced what happened on the stage of the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre.

That was where «Sleeping Beauty» and «The Queen of Spades», had their premieres, as well as the opera-ballet double bill of «Iolanta» — «The Nutcracker», that was staged in honour of the Crown Prince.

However, there were many less glamourous but no less meaningful events-right up to the premiere of the Sixth Symphony that was understood by so few.

Tchaikovsky's parents brought him in 1850 from distant Votkinsk to St. Petersburg when he was eight years old, and the boy's childhood would have been quite ordinary had it not been for the loneliness suffered when he was separated from his parents to spend his first two years at the Imperial School of Jurisprudence. In her book «Tchaikovsky. A Lonely Life» Nina Berberova gives a speculative account of the boy's heartrending farewell to his mother, which has been employed in so many biographies and films about Tchaikovsky that it has overshadowed another fact: the happy reunion that came later,. His parents did, in fact, come and settle in St. Petersburg in 1852. On Kosoi Pereulok (Crooked Lane) at the corner of the Fontanka River opposite the school, stood the apartment of Tchaikovsky's aunt on his mother's side, Yekaterina Alexeeva. Tchaikovsky remembered how his mother would often come there and wait at the window overlooking Kosoi Pereulok and while he would sneak into his bedroom at the school to watch her from his window. Two years later in June 1854 Tchaikovsky's mother died of cholera.

From the School of Jurisprudence, from which Tchaikovsky graduated in 1859, his path would take him through the streets crisscrossing Vasilievsky Island, to the homes of his relatives, and to Nevsky Prospect and the Alexandrinsky Theater. Later on, when he studied at the free music school and conservatory located in a wing of the Demidov mansion on the corner of Demidov Pereulok and the Moika River, his evening path would lead to Leshtukov Pereulok, where his father and brothers lived, or perhaps to the loge at the opera, where he saw the premiere of Serov's «Judith», or to Mikhailovsky Hall for a concert by the Russian Musical Society. In these years the future composer was absorbing the moods and forms that would later appear in both his most lyrical pieces (the «Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture» and «Eugene Onegin») and in his most tragic («The Queen of Spades» and the «Pathétique.» Symphony No. 6).

In the autumn of 1861 following his first journey abroad, Tchaikovsky wrote to his sister:

«You will not believe how deeply happy I was on returning to St. Petersburg! I admit I've got a very weak spot in my heart for the Russian capital. What can I do? It's too much a part of me. Everything I hold dear is in St. Petersburg, and for me there is positively no life outside of it.»

These words are often taken at face value. The renowned choreographer George Balanchine said,

«The essence of his music shows that Tchaikovsky was a Petersburger, in the way that Pushkin and Stravinsky were Petersburgers.».

Yet Tchaikovsky's devotion to Petersburg was only part of the story. For «authentic» Petersburgers, like the so-called «Mighty Handful» of Russian composers, Tchaikovsky was always a Muscovite. In the late 1850s to early1860s, the military engineer Cui, the provincial wunderkind Balakirev, chemist and physician Borodin, the civil servant Mussorgsky, and the future naval officer Rimsky-Korsakov had all come together accidentally but almost inevitably under the rubric of the «New Russian School» as it was dubbed by Stasov, the capital's intellectual doyen. They never connected with Tchaikovsky, who fell into the orbit of Anton Rubinstein, a star of musical life in St. Petersburg and founder of the first conservatory in Russia. Tchaikovsky with his reticence and preoccupation with music was attracted by Rubinstein's passion for community service and missionary ambition.

Moscow - city of Tchaikovsky

The encyclopedic knowledge of Rubinstein the musician went hand in hand with the limitations of Rubinstein the pedagogue. His ruminations on Mozart («Yes! Divine creativity, pierced through with light!») alternated with didactic lectures on Haydn («I hear him talking in Hungarian slang.»). The overture «The Storm» of 1864, in which Tchaikovsky used instruments banned in student compositions-the harp, English horn, tuba, and cymbals-left Rubinstein in a state of indignation. And when the overanxious student did not appear for his graduation concert, Rubinstein nearly withheld his diploma. But there were also moments of true admiration, as, for instance, in the case of the 200 counterpoint variations that Tchaikovsky brought one day as his homework. And most importantly, there was the recommendation to his brother, Nikolai Rubinstein, thanks to which Tchaikovsky received the post of professor at the newly opened Moscow Conservatory.

Coming after St. Petersburg's European architecture, mathematically aligned streets, decorative excess, and precise rules for both the «frozen» and «unfrozen» kinds of music, Moscow entered Tchaikovsky's life as a city that deviated from the rules.

In the maelstrom of Moscow life he experienced brilliant revelations, made deep attachments, and developed a loyal following.

There were also dangerous missteps arising from the illusions of art, such as his ill-advised marriage to Antonina Milyukova. Nevertheless, Moscow became the city where Tchaikovsky came into his own.

His work at the Moscow Conservatory was soothing and fostered the artist and critic in him given to passionate expression and trust in himself. Take for example his stubborn retort to Nikolai Rubinstein, who had pronounced his First Piano Concerto too complicated and awkward for the pianist. «The concerto is being printed," said Tchaikovsky, «in its present form.» It was Rubinstein who had to change his mind. Four years later he performed the concerto with great success. The St. Petersburg premiere of the work took place on November 1, 1875, at a symphony performance of the Russian Musical Society. Professor Gustav Kross was soloist and Eduard Nápravník conducted.

The most farsighted listener in the audience turned out to be an eighteen-year-old Muscovite named Sergei Taneyev, who announced in a letter to his friends: «I greet you all on the appearance of the first Russian piano concerto; it was written by Pyotr Ilyich.»

Tchaikovsky had been unable to compose in St. Petersburg, but in his twelve years of «artistic asylum» in Moscow he created numerous scores. In 1872-1873, in a house on Kudrinskaya Square (now the Tchaikovsky Cultural Center), he worked on his Second Symphony, the symphonic fantasy «The Storm», music for Alexander Ostrovsky's play «The Snow Maiden», and a series of other compositions.

The First Symphony, the operas «Voyevoda», «Vakula the Smith», and «Eugene Onegin», as well as sketches for the Fourth Symphony, were also written in Moscow.

Tchaikovsky's close circle included Nikolai Rubinstein, critic Nikolai Kashkin, cellist and conservatory official Konstantin Albrecht, music publisher Peter Yurgenson, and the young pianist and composer Sergei Taneyev. Beyond these, his larger circle included Alexander Ostrovsky, Lev Tolstoy, and performers at the Maly and Bolshoi theaters. To one of these, who was first to play the role of Eugene Onegin, Tchaikovsky gave a photograph of himself with the touching inscription, «To Pavel Akinfievich Khokhlov from the admiring subject of this portrait.» On March 18, 1958, on the day that the First International Tchaikovsky Competition opened, that portrait was printed in the newspapaer «Sovietskaya Kultura».

Musical ideas came to Tchaikovsky in Moscow with «the fresh force of a spiritual revelation». His music would now acquire multifaceted, vibrant, and bewitching forms under the influence of momentary impressions. The St. Petersburg publisher Bernard ordered a «four seasons» cycle for piano to be published in monthly installments in the magazine «Writer of Tales». This was a classic advertising ploy at the time and demanded punctuality rather than inspiration, but the composer did not limit himself to mere punctuality. Around the same time, Tchaikovsky began work on «Eugene Onegin», starting with Tatyana's «Letter Scene» (which he called «Tatyana and her nanny») although Tchaikovsky himself doubted the success of the «lyrical scenes," as he called Eugene Onegin. However, his doubts bore an odd mix of modesty and self-confidence:

«Whether I write well or poorly,» he said, «one thing is certain - that what I write comes from undeniable internal conviction.»

The candid feeling that Tchaikovsky put into his music is startling. People today take this as a challenge to esthetic standards. However, it was that very candour that drew Nadezhda von Meck, the widow of a railroad magnate, and Tchaikovsky together. Their exchange of letters went on for fourteen years, and von Meck's role in Tchaikovsky's life as his patron is well-known. Nadezhda von Meck's intercessions on the composer's behalf were beneficial for the composer's life and work, but they ultimately severed Tchaikovsky's ties with Moscow.

An artist on his own

In the last years of his life the composer was attached neither to Petersburg nor to Moscow. A «change of scene» became one of the important conditions for his work. From the mountains of Switzerland, Tchaikovsky was drawn to the plains of Italy, then back to Russia, and again abroad. His guiding principle became constant invigoration from new landscapes and emotions. But almost without knowing it, Tchaikovsky was also becoming attached to the hamlets of Maidanovo and Frolovskoe outside of Moscow. Yet in 1891 after a short trip to St. Petersburg, the composer admitted to his cousin Anna Merkling that

«It was such a pleasure to be in a city where you didn't have to visit or be visited by a soul and could be a tourist, a foreigner, freely sauntering along the ways and byways of the 'Palmyra of the North' [as St. Petersburg was called], which, incidentally, is surprisingly nice in the summertime.»

By this time, Tchaikovsky was already world-famous. He headed the Moscow branch of the Russian Musical Society, and Sergei Taneyev (dubbed «the musical conscience of Russia») had been appointed director of the Moscow Conservatory on his recommendation. Tchaikovsky's standing in St. Petersburg manifested itself in an imperial stipend, lobbied for by the director of the imperial theaters, Ivan Vsevolozhsky, and in regular opera and ballet premieres at the Mariinsky Theatre.

«It used to be that I was forced to plead, beg, and make intolerable visits to theatrical blabbermouths to see whether or not an opera would be accepted and performed. Now without anything in advance from me, both directorships, St. Petersburg's and Moscow's, are clamoring for my operas with a baffling urgency.»

Tchaikovsky's visits to the city on the Neva became shorter and more private. At the beginning of 1892, he settled eighty kilometers northwest of Moscow on the outskirts of Klin, where he rented a house from a local attorney. The composer's plan to purchase the dwelling was carried out after his death by his brother Modest. It now houses the State Museum of the Tchaikovsky Home in Klin.

«If God will prolong my life, I dream of living for four months a year in a furnished apartment in St. Petersburg and the rest of the time in my little home in Klin,» Tchaikovsky wrote to a close relative.

He lived just seventeen months after writing those lines. Tchaikovsky died on October 25, 1893, in his brother Modest's apartment in St. Petersburg at the corner of Malaya Morskaya and Gorokhovaya streets opposite the former mansion of Natalia Golitsyna, who had been the real-life prototype of the Countess in Pushkin's «The Queen of Spades». Several days earlier, on October 16, he had conducted the first performance of the Sixth Symphony about which critic Vladimir Stasov wrote: «It is nothing less than a terrifying cry of desperation and hopelessness, as if the melodies were saying, «Why did I live this life?».

The preoccupation with the abyss was woven deeply into Tchaikovsky's output, but that does not tell the whole story. In the beauty of former times, Tchaikovsky discerned the despair of emerging modernism. In the Russian idiom, he discerned the outlines of the pagan that would later be underscored in the music of Stravinsky and Prokofiev. Iolanta's blindness and vision are praised as the Light of Divine Creation, and the madness of Herman before his death in «The Queen of Spades» («What is our life, but a game!») was a new account of what Shakespeare formulated as: «All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.» Essentially, all of world culture, not only Russian, came under scrutiny in Tchaikovsky's art. Its inexhaustibility draws us to it as before, still speaking to our hearts and souls in the twenty-first century.

ICPC World Finals Moscow 2021 Information

Final Release as of 19 August 2021 Update

About the ICPC World Finals Moscow 2021

The 44th Annual World Finals of the ICPC International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC Moscow 2021) is coming to Moscow, October 1-6, 2021, in Manege , hosted by Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology ( MIPT ). Known as the ICPC World Finals Moscow 2021 or simply ICPC Moscow 2021 , the competition is the championship round of regional competition bringing together 58,963 talented university students from 3,406 universities in 104 countries on 6 continents.

These World Finalists, the top 2% advancing from the ICPC Regionals, are among the best of the best future software engineers, computer scientists, developers, and founders of the mission-critical digital services essential to serve the needs of today’s communities across the globe.

The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation and is headquartered at Baylor University . Since 1970, the ICPC has been sponsored by the UPE International Honor Society .

About the ICPC World Finals Championship 2021

The ICPC World Finals Championship is the signature competition at the ICPC World Finals. Teams of three university students vie to solve the most problems in the least time from a set of problems of different levels of difficulty in a gruelling competition. The Championship determines bragging rights for top collegiate algorithmic problem solvers from universities that span the globe.

The competition is in two Divisions: Championship and Invitational. Championship teams compete onsite on the traditional “level playing field” for five hours. The Invitational “level playing field” permits teams with offsite team members and access to limited Internet resources. The Invitational is conducted for three hours. Competition will begin on October 4, 2021, at 16:00 Moscow Time.

Once a competition begins, the scoreboard tracks all of the submissions of teams. Upon the conclusion of competition, the Judges qualify teams for honors by confirming that teams met all qualification requirements throughout the competition including attendance and participation at all required events. Honors are awarded within Division: High Honors (top 25%), Honors (top 50%), and Honorable Mention.

The Judges verify that top teams in the Invitational Division met a set of requirements that assures that the results are accurate and that the teams competed within the rules on a level playing field. The Judges then determine and award the Invitational Awards: Invitational Medals and UPE Honor Society First-to-Solve Awards.

The Judges certify that top teams in the Championship Division met a set of stringent requirements that assures that the results are correct and that the teams competed within the rules on the traditional level playing field. These certified teams are eligible for ranking and for the Championship Awards: ICPC World Champion, ICPC Medalists (Gold, Silver, and Bronze), and the UPE Honor Society First-to-Solve Awards.

All awards and honors will be presented at the ICPC Awards Ceremony on October 5, 2021.

About ICPC Moscow 2021 Events

Many participants chose to arrive several days early to acclimatize. Registration and the ICPC Welcome are October 1, 2021. Events continue with the Tech Showcase and walking tours within the Kremlin and Red Square district, leading to the Invitationaling Ceremony in Zaryadye Concert Hall on October 3. The ICPC World Finals Championship will be held at the Manege in Moscow, Russia, on October 4, 2021, starting at 16:00 Moscow Time. The competition caps a full day of activities including the Dress Rehearsal, Practice Contest, and Judges’ Briefing. The following day, we will have the ICPC Challenge and Awards Ceremony concluding on October 5, 2021.

Hosted by Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, MIPT is making it easy to participate in Moscow. All participants will receive rapid, easy, no cost, contact-free visa processing as part of registration.

Our goal is for participants to experience the majesty of Moscow and the thrill of the World Finals with the same or higher level of comfort and safety that they experience at their home campuses. Our health protection protocol for ICPC events is based on the success of the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum conducted in June 2021 that meets all health regulations and recommendations by WHO. We are collecting special requirements from each participating university to ensure that each participant may be able to follow the home university’s health protocols while in Moscow.

About ICPC Moscow 2021 Safety Measures

To maximize safety for others, participants need to be fully vaccinated before arrival and be preparedto provide documentation. MIPT will be glad to assist in requesting that your local authorities provide rapid access to vaccines. Exceptions may be granted for health or other reasons.

MIPT will provide ample access to preventive health supplies at registration, hotel, and events. MIPT will provide PCR testing on arrival and during your stay with your ICPC Name Tag digitally linked to the results. MIPT will provide assistance and insurance for participants and invited guests to cover any costs associated with emergencymedical treatment or required quarantine at your hotel in Moscow.

Access to ICPC events is gained through rapid checkpoints that require only your mask, a normal temperature scan, and scanning your ICPC name tag to confirm your negative PCR result. In this way, you will know that the people at the event have a valid negative PCR test.

Planning for the ICPC Moscow 2021

Think Fault Tolerant. Teams are encouraged to set up a practice facility that might qualify for offsite team member participation. That provides practice with a workstation similar to that at the World Finals and provides for an alternative for competing for honors in the event that unforeseen circumstances prevent travel.

Participants are encouraged to purchase refundable tickets and/or trip insurance, travel medical insurance,and consider planning for quarantine upon return. Your university may offer or recommend options. It is a matter of being prepared and then focusing full attention on the ICPC World Finals.

In Moscow, participants will be the honored guests of MIPT, the City of Moscow, and the Ministries of the Russian Federation. Using digital technology, coordinated organization, and goodwill, MIPT looks forward to welcoming participants to the ICPC World Finals at the airport. And, should circumstances prevent meeting you in Moscow, ICPC is preparing to bring digital ICPC Moscow 2021 to you. We look forward to welcoming participants to Moscowat the 44th Annual ICPC World Finals Championship, ringing in the dawn of the Digital Millennium.

About ICPC Moscow 2021 Sponsors and Host Partners

JetBrains , the ICPC Global Programming Tools Sponsor, provides its globally-recognized tools and global support for the World Finals and ICPC programs worldwide.

As ICPC Diamond World Finals Sponsor, Huawei will provide The ICPC World Finals Challenge, an event that explores the challenges of emerging technology.

They will be joined in the ICPC Tech Showcase by ICPCGold Sponsors, IBM Quantum , AWS Educate , and Deviation Games , who offered ICPC Challenges and Regional Support, together with ICPC Program Sponsors, Endure Capital and Two Sigma , who provided critical support for ICPC regional competition.

MIPT has assembled a great cast of host partners that will ensure that the ICPC World Finals Moscow will be extraordinary. MegaFon serves as Digital Partner. 1C Company serves as Official Partner. Strategic partners and sponsors are Raiffeisenbank Russia , VTB Bank and Russian Post JSC. Technical Partner is Yandex , and the Partners are JSCo “ Russian Railways ” and JSC “ Post Bank ”. All provide support and critical infrastructure. Visit them at the ICPC Tech Showcase, October 2-3.

Moscow City, together with the Ministry of Digital Development, Media and Mass communications, Presidential Grant Foundation, Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Foreign Ministry are working together to provide the community support critical to the success of the ICPC World Finals Moscow.

Binding together the strengths of academia, industry, and community, we will host ICPC Moscow 2021 for this next generation of top talent as they gear up to take on the challenge of building engines of prosperity and platforms that will help life blossom in the dawn of the Digital Millennium.

10 Break-Out Sessions

• Time: 3:30 pm - 4:30 pm

India is undergoing its economic, technological and demographic transition simultaneously. An old country is becoming youthful and adventurous with the passage of time. Young Indians like OYO founder Ritesh Agarwal are quietly taking charge of Indian ethos by becoming icons of audacious aspirations and tangible proofs of its potential, spawning startups that are becoming most valuable and famous than many legacy companies. How can young revolutionaries find ways to carry the older generation of investors, regulators, workers and consumers with them and what can other economies and founders learn from India’s momentous transition?

For over 50 years teams of student have volunteered to organise the St. Gallen Symposium. They have written countless invitations, met thousands of partners, and welcomed some of the most important personalities of their time on stage. Together with former members of the ISC we will reflect on the St. Gallen Symposium experience of cross-generational dialogue and collaboration, the lessons they have learned for their lives and on how the symposium has evolved. This session is organised together with ISC Alumni.

As the need for innovation is growing, the routinisation of well-structured creative processes within organizations is key for concurrent value creation. Prof. Susan Goldsworthy of IMD, this year's St. Gallen Symposium artist Javiera Estrada and Light Artist Gerry Hofstetter will discuss the role of collaboration in the creative process. Together, and in conversation with the audience, they’ll explore the way collaboration can drive creativity in various organisational contexts, and, on the other hand, the role of introversion and lone contemplation in creating something new.

Many employee volunteering and giving programs are presented as an employee perk, similar to casual Fridays or a team-building event. But treating workplace giving and volunteering this way fails to fully capitalise on the great potential of such programs: to foster employee personal growth, and address key societal challenges. The panel will particularly explore the potential of skills-based volunteering, its benefits, and the unique challenges that arise when moving from merely transactional volunteering to something far more transformative.

The investment landscape over the next twenty years will be radically different from previous generations. While there appears to be greater access to capital, there also appears to be much more volatility and debt with no clear dominant financing mechanism. Entrepreneurs, VC, Private Equity, and banks will have to find new ways to work together to create growth and stimulate innovation. How can investors and entrepreneurs better collaborate and find mutually beneficial agreements that balance risk and return?

The fashion industry accounts for 10% of humanity’s annual carbon emissions – more than all international flights and maritime shipping combined. For long, the fashion and luxury watchmaking industry drove, together with the fashion media industry, unsustainable dynamics in the sector: generating more and more demand through an artificial cycle of new collections and seasonal trends. Businesses’ marketing, media as well as influencers thereby create a constant longing and demand for their products. How can designers, fashion houses and publishers exit this vicious cycle and, collaboratively, drive the transition towards more sustainable and ethical fashion and luxury watchmaking?

Media diversity, freedom of the press and freedom of expression in Europe are currently under threat. Journalists and independent media companies are increasingly joining forces across borders to respond to such challenges as well as to be able to continue to offer independent quality journalism in the future. This session will identify learnings from new media partnerships such as the Leading European Newspaper Alliance (LENA) and the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) to identify how media can most effectively work together.

Technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship are key drivers of the modern economy and social mobility. Given their importance, we should strive to improve accessibility to tech, education and entrepreneurship across all backgrounds. Creating open and inclusive communities, especially with tech is important to accomplishing this goal, but it is easier said that done. Simultaneously, a third iteration of the internet – Web3 – has the potential to radically transform the internet of things and reduce barriers to access. How can these forces be effectively harnessed and directed for the benefit of all people and move the world forward?

Over the past decades, the tech sector, especially the internet of things, has become a central component of modern economies. Trying to catch up with the exponential pace of technological development, the US, China, and Europe are crafting rules of the game on digital markets. What are the emerging characteristic differences between regulatory regimes of digital markets, in the US, Europe and beyond, and how do they balance innovation and regulation? In light of strategic competition over tech dominance between the US and China, what are the opportunities and challenges for Europe in particular?

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the world of work forever. The fast and widespread adoption of remote work and an ever-increasing concern of employees with purpose and meaning on their job have intensified the war for talents. Reaching out to and concurrently engaging employees is key for businesses across sectors and regions. What learnings can be drawn from the pandemic as regards our approach to work? Has the world of work changed for the better? And what role does leadership culture and a new approach to hiring play going forward?

• A Demographic Revolution: Young India Takes Charge (with All India Management Association) 9:00 am - 10:00 am
• Collaborative Advantage Across Generations: Reflecting on the SGS Experience (ISC Alumni) 9:00 am - 10:00 am
• Collective Genius? Cultivating Creativity in the Arts and Beyond 9:00 am - 10:00 am
• Connecting Business with Purpose: The Potential of Skills-Based Volunteering 9:00 am - 10:00 am
• Financing the Next Generation of Entrepreneurs 10:00 am - 11:00 am
• Hacking the Fashion & Luxury Watchmaking Industry towards more Sustainability (with Condé Nast College) 10:00 am - 11:00 am
• M100 Sanssouci Colloquium@St. Gallen: Media’s New Power: More Impact Through Collaborative Journalism 10:00 am - 11:00 am
• Democratizing Access to the next Generation of Technology and Innovation: Communities and Radical Transformation 10:00 am - 11:00 am
• Varieties of Tech Capitalism: Europe's Approach to Innovation and Regulation in a Global Context 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• Changed for Good? Engaging with the New World of Work 11:00 am - 12:00 pm

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The Global Essay Competition – Lasting Impact

The global essay competition has been part of the st. gallen symposium for decades. the top 100 essayists win a chance to attend as leaders of tomorrow. for many, it is a life-changing experience., an economist’s big idea lands her symposium’s top prize.

When asked why a young student is interested in pension funds, Sophie Neuber replies that “they are the true intergenerational contract”. Neuber is a student at Cambridge University, studying Development Economics and working in Mergers and Acquisitions at J.P. Morgan. “We have to restructure incentives to align interests,” she says, “and make all generations choose decisions that are beneficial and environmentally conscious for everyone else.”

In countries like Poland (where she has her roots), the taxes a young professional pays contribute directly to not only their future pension, but also to that of their grandparents, the Cambridge development economics student says. To look at the way pensions payouts are distributed differently means to connect the dots and improve the quality of life for both the elderly and early-career workers.

The idea proposed in Neuber’s award-winning essay is for the mathematical function that now regulates pension payouts to include two new aspects: net greenhouse gas emission per capita, to keep track of the environmental impact that a company has, and the Gini coefficient, a proxy that shows the income inequality in a given area.

A leading essay competition alum reflects on 30 years of change

Louis Klein took part in the essay competition in 1992. At the time, the atmosphere was very different. “Thirty years ago, we were all in a world that was sort of dominated by the idea of competitive advantage,” Klein says. “At that time it suffused everything, thinking about business or thinking about politics, or thinking about well-being in the world.”

The fall of the Berlin Wall made the notion of competition outdated. “Today competition is probably not such a good idea,” Klein says.

Still, Klein says, we need to take things one step further: “We need to ask ourselves, rather than playing the game, how do we change the game?” When tackling complex issues like climate change, Klein suggests that we should focus on relationships, rather than focus on complexity. “This is what brings us back to the St. Gallen Symposium,” Klein says. “It’s the easiest way to have compassionate conversations where out of deep listening grow human relationships. All that we can possibly think about governance, politics, economics goes back to that.”

Pictures by Markus Ketola

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Moscow, like other international urban areas , is decentralizing, despite considerable barriers. The expansion will lead to even more decentralization, which is likely to lead to less time "stuck in traffic" and more comfortable lifestyles. Let's hope that Russia's urban development policies, along with its plans to restore population growth, will lead to higher household incomes and much improved economic performance.

Wendell Cox is a Visiting Professor, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Paris and the author of “ War on the Dream: How Anti-Sprawl Policy Threatens the Quality of Life ”

Note 1: The 23 ward (ku) area of Tokyo is the geography of the former city of Tokyo, which was abolished in the 1940s. There is considerable confusion about the geography of Tokyo. For example, the 23 ward area is a part of the prefecture of Tokyo, which is also called the Tokyo Metropolis, which has led some analysts to think of it as the Tokyo metropolitan area (labor market area). In fact, the Tokyo metropolitan area, variously defined, includes, at a minimum the prefectures of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama with some municipalities in Gunma, Ibaraki and Tochigi. The metropolitan area contains nearly three times the population of the "Tokyo Metropolis."

Note 2: The expansion area (556 square miles or 1,440 square kilometers) has a current population of 250,000.

Note 3: Includes all residents in suburban districts with at least part of their population in the urban area.

Note 4: Urban area data not yet available.

Photo: St. Basil's Cathedral (all photos by author)

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Russians seeing the light while Western elites are bickering?

What an extremely interesting analysis - well done, Wendell.

It is also extremely interesting that the Russian leadership is reasonably pragmatic about urban form, in contrast to the "planners" of the post-rational West.

An acquaintance recently sent me an article from "The New Yorker", re Moscow's traffic problems.

The article "abstract" is HERE (but access to the full article requires subscription)

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/08/02/100802fa_fact_gessen

One classic quote worth taking from it, is: "People will endure all manner of humiliation to keep driving".

I do find it odd that the "New Yorker" article author says nothing at all about the rail transit system Moscow had, on which everyone was obliged to travel, under Communism. It can't surely have vaporised into thin air?

Moscow is a classic illustration of just how outmoded rails are, and how important "automobility" is, when the auto supplants rails so rapidly than even when everybody did travel on rails up to a certain date, and the road network dates to that era, when nobody was allowed to own a car; an article written just 2 decades later does not even mention the rail transit system, other than to criticise the mayor for "failing to invest in a transit system".......!!!!!!!!

This is also a give-away of "The New Yorker's" inability to shake off the modern PC ideology on rails vs cars.

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