- How to write a C1 Advanced Essay
- Posted on 26/02/2020
- Categories: Blog
- Tags: C1 Advanced , Cambridge Exams , Writing
The Cambridge C1 Advanced is an excellent qualification to aim for if you’re thinking of studying or working abroad. It’s recognised by universities and governments all over the world and also helps you prove your language skills to future employers.
One of the most demanding parts of the exam is Part 1 of the Writing paper, which includes writing an essay. For many of you, this won’t come naturally… especially in another language.
So, to give you the best chance at success, we’ve created this in-depth guide full of Cambridge C1 Advanced Writing tips and useful language to get you producing excellent essays in no time.
So, pick up your pen, and let’s get started!
If you’d like to get more help with the C1 Advanced, consider our exam preparation class!
C1 Advanced Writing Requirements
The C1 Advanced Writing exam has two writing parts, which you must complete in 90 minutes. Both parts have a word limit of between 220-260 words. We recommend getting lots of writing practice under these conditions!
Part 1 is always a discursive essay . It requires you to think about arguments for and against a topic.
Part 2 is a situationally based writing task. This could be a letter , an email , a report , a proposal or a review and you have three options to choose from.
Today, we’ll be looking at how to do your best in part 1.
Before you begin
When you turn over the paper and begin Writing Part 1, take some time to read the task instructions. Identify all parts of the question, underlining which parts are obligatory and noting which parts are optional.
Let’s take a look at an example question!
Remember, you don’t have to use the opinions expressed in the box, but they may help you to get the ball rolling . Also, you only have to talk about two of the options given, not all three.
Make a plan
Take ten minutes to lay out your ideas. Make a pros and cons list for each of the three options and then decide which two you feel most confident with. Here’s some things you might come up with, can you think of any more?
Structure your essay
The essence of a good essay is a clear structure.
Introduction
Here you want to introduce the topic in your own words. Your first line should also grab the reader’s attention, then you should paraphrase the question. Finally, try using a statistic or a rhetorical question. This will make them want to read on, right?
Paragraph 1
Discuss the first option you’ve chosen. Include a good topic sentence and remember to give reasons for your answer. Describe some of the advantages, and even some of the disadvantages too. This will give a well-balanced argument.
Paragraph 2
Here’s where you introduce the second option. Again, try to present both sides of the argument and give reasons for your ideas. Gradually work towards the conclusion.
State your final opinion. This should be a summary of the rest of the essay and point clearly to which option you think is the most important. Do not introduce any new arguments at this stage. The conclusion is where you tie-up any loose ends .
This is an advanced piece of writing, so make sure your choice of language reflects it. You will get marked for accuracy, however, occasional errors can still be present as long as they do not impede understanding. So don’t play it too safe . This is your opportunity to show what you can do, so take some risks and have fun with it!
In the writing paper you should use a range of vocabulary, including less common lexis. Brainstorm some vocabulary related to the topic. Take your time to think of nouns and compound nouns that you know at C1 level. Really let your vocabulary sparkle .
No one likes a broken record . Find synonyms for simple words. You want to use a variety of language, and try not to repeat yourself too much. Check out these different ways of saying the same thing:
advantage = benefit, positive, upside
disadvantage = downside, drawback
effect = influence, impact, result, outcome
problem = issue, challenge, difficulty, obstacle, setback, complication
important = valuable, essential, beneficial
expensive = costly, dear, high-priced, extortionate
cheap = inexpensive, affordable, economical
big = great, large, sizeable, considerable, wide, vast
small = slight, tiny, little
Quick tip: Visit Thesaurus.com to study more synonyms!
Experiment with different grammatical forms. At this level you’re expected to have a good grasp on the grammar. You should use a range of simple and complex grammatical forms with control and flexibility. So challenge yourself with some of these…
- Participle clauses
- Conditionals
- Modal verbs
- Passive with reporting verbs
- Cleft sentences
- Comparatives
- Relative clauses
Useful expressions
To make your essay flow it’s best to use some key phrases. These will link all your ideas together, and help it sound semi-formal. Take a look at the expressions below. Why not use some in your next essay?
Introduction:
It is often said that…
Many people feel that…
We live in an age when..
More and more…
Introducing & Addition:
Firstly, secondly, thirdly…
On the one hand…
In addition…
What is more…
For example…
For instance…
As a case in point…
Contrasting:
In contrast…
On the other hand…
Alternatively…
However…
Conclusion:
All things considered…
As far as I’m concerned…
In light of the above…
What the examiners are looking for
When writing your essay, bear in mind what you’ll be marked on:
Have you answered all parts of the question? Is everything relevant to the question?
Communicative Achievement
Is the style and tone appropriate? Remember it should be semi-formal and neutral.
Organisation
Does it follow a logical order? Have you used paragraphs and linking devices?
Are you using a variety of grammar and vocabulary? Is it accurate?
Now your masterpiece has come together. Remember to take time to check your work. Here’s the official Writing Checklist from Cambridge Assessment English . And our list of the most common mistakes:
- subject + verb agreement
- singulars / plurals
- question formation
- variety of tenses
- dependent prepositions
Some final tips
Avoid contractions (I’m, they’re, we’re) as this is a formal writing.
Don’t use first person pronouns (I, my, our, us).
Practise under timed conditions.
Use model answers to practise fixed expressions.
——
Looking for more help with your Cambridge C1 Advanced exam? Here are our other guides from our blog:
C1 Advanced Reading and Use of English – Part 1 , Part 2 , Part 3
And if you are not sure if you’re ready for the C1 Advanced, check out our article Am I ready for the C1 Advanced exam? to find out!
Glossary for Language Learners
Find the following words in the article and then write down any new ones you didn’t know.
Get the ball rolling (exp) : to start something.
Lay out (v): to explain something in detail.
Paraphrase (v): to say the same thing in a different way.
Tie-up any loose ends (exp): to resolve issues.
Play it safe (exp): to act cautiously.
A broken record (exp): when someone repeats themself.
Sparkle (v) : to shine.
Good grasp (exp): a good knowledge.
Bear in mind (exp) : to consider.
Masterpiece (n): an incredible work of art.
exp = expression
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Are you a learner at C1 English level (advanced) ? This section offers writing practice to help you write clear, well-structured texts about complex subjects. Texts include essays, proposals, articles, reports, reviews and emails.
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How to Write an Essay for C1 Advanced (CAE)
Luis @ kse academy.
- diciembre 21, 2022
As I’m sure you already know, Cambridge exams have several papers (Reading, Writing, Use of English, Speaking and Listening), and each of these components is divided into different parts. In this post, I want to focus on Writing Part 1 of the C1 Advanced, that is, how to write an Essay for the CAE . Because, remember, C1 Writing Part 1 will always be an essay 🙂
Sample C1 Essay
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- Essay, Review, Formal and Informal Email and Letter, Report & Proposal
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- Description of the C1 Writing paper
- Detailed description of each part of the Writing paper
- Assessment criteria and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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What are the parts of the C1 Advanced Writing?
The C1 Advanced (CAE) Writing, as we have already seen in another article, has 2 parts , and for each one you will have to write a text according to the exercise instructions. What you should know is that there is a limited range of text types that you may be asked to write in each part, so let’s see:
- Writing Part 1: In this part you will always have to write an essay, and you will have no other options to choose from. That’s why it is really important that you pay attention to this article and learn how to write an essay for C1 Advanced to the best of your ability.
- Formal letter/email
- Informal letter/email
- Review
- Proposal
Each writing task you do should be between 220 and 260 words long, approximately, and, as they are different types of writing, you should take into account the peculiarities of each one in terms of structure, register, grammar and vocabulary, etc.
So let’s start with the one that concerns us in this article: Essays!
What is an essay ?
An Essay is a text of opinion in which we analyse a topic, a situation or a problem from different points of view or by considering several points or solutions to the problem. In each of the paragraphs, we deal with each point and express different facts, considerations and opinions.
Now that we know what an essay is, let’s look at how to write an essay and its characteristics.
How to Write an Essay for CAE Writing
Here are the main characteristics of a C1-level essay so that you can keep them in mind when writing:
- Purpose: With an essay, what we do is evaluate a topic, situation or problem that is of some interest or controversy (e.g. teenage mobile phone use ). Often, the Writing activity is set as a task that takes place after a class debate. In an exam, you will have to imagine the debate for yourself (duh!).
- Tone and register: As it is a text on a serious or controversial topic, the Essay is always written in a formal context, so we must use an objective tone. Furthermore, the linguistic register should always be formal, avoiding common words such as things , stuff , get , etc.; contractions ( can’t , don’t , won’t , etc.); or expressions that may sound informal.
- Structure: Like all writing tasks, an essay has a fairly well-defined structure, although it is not 100% fixed and immovable. To begin with, we can choose to give it a title or not, but, personally, I find it more appropriate to write an Essay with a title. Have you ever seen a text published without a title? Probably not. As for the body of the essay, it should be divided into the following paragraphs: introduction, point 1, point 2 and conclusion. In other words, in general, a Cambridge C1 Essay should have 4-5 paragraphs.
- Opinion: This is where we have the most leeway when writing an essay for C1. There are many ways of expressing your opinion in an Essay, so you should choose the one that best suits your Writing approach. What I usually recommend, however, is that you remain impartial throughout the whole text and only express your opinion at the end, in the last paragraph, as a conclusion. As always, the most important thing is that you justify everything you say in your writing and that your conclusion answers the main question of the assignment.
- Coherence and progression: Coherence is essential in all Writings, but especially in the essay. As it is a supporting and argumentative text, you cannot write unconnected sentences and paragraphs; the ideas must follow a logical and well-connected order, using connectors appropriate to C1 level, in this case. Furthermore, the reader must perceive a logical progression of paragraphs, without losing the thread of what you are trying to argue. Otherwise, when they get to the last paragraph, they won’t know what you are talking about and our writing will have failed catastrophically.
CAE Writing Essay Example
Now that we are familiar with the main features of an essay for Cambridge Advanced (CAE) Writing, let’s look at a sample essay at C1 level, both the sample instructions and a possible answer.
C1 Essay Instructions
In the picture below you can see an example from the Cambridge website.
From these instructions, we must always extract the essentials:
- Topic: facilities which should receive money from local authorities
- sports centres
- public gardens
- «Museums aren’t popular with everybody!»
- «Sports centres mean healthier people.»
- «A town needs green spaces – parks are great for everybody.»
- Address only 2 of the 3 points given.
- Answer and justify the main question (« to which facility is it most important that local authorities give money «).
- Justify your answer (« giving reasons in support of your answer «)
- Use your own words (« use your own words as far as possible «)
According to the task model outlined above, we can approach out writing with the following structure:
- Introduction
- Point 1 (museums)
- Point 2 (sports centres)
Although it is not set in stone, you will normally get 4 paragraphs. So now let’s look at an example Essay for CAE Writing:
At first glance, we can see that this Essay for C1 has an introductory title and 4 paragraphs ( introduction , museums , sports , conclusion ). In addition, if we read the text carefully, we can see the following aspects:
- Title: The title perfectly summarises for the reader the topic to be covered in the text. Sometimes, a title in the form of a question such as « Which facilities should receive funding from local authorities? » can be a good idea, although I always prefer more concise titles.
- Introduction : introduces the topic and mentions the two options we are going to discuss in the following paragraphs.
- Museums : Discusses the benefits of museums and the benefits of investing money in them.
- Sports centres : Discusses the benefits of sports centres and the consequences of investing money in them.
- Conclusion : In a very clear way, museums are seen as the ones that should receive the investment for certain reasons that are well justified.
- Connectors: Connectors are used that clearly define the coherence and progression of the text.: on the one/other hand, in addition, ultimately, however, while, etc.
- We do not use contractions or catch-all words.
- When it comes to
- comes to mind
- valuable cultural resource
- heritage
- generating income
- engage in physical activity
- positive outlet for energy
- Grammar is also advanced (E.g.: Not only can…, but they also… )
In short, this is a good example of an Essay for CAE Writing. It should be noted, however, that this writing is written to simulate a strong C1 level, perhaps without necessarily going into a C2 level.
Will I be penalised if I write less than 220 or more than 260 words?
This is the most typical question in this part of the exam and the answer is: yes and no. Let me explain. The assessors won’t count the words and penalise you according to the number of words only. There is a rumour going around among students and teachers that for every 10 words they take away X points, but this is not true. However, if you have gone over 260 words by 50 or 100 words, or more, there is probably some content that is not relevant to the assignment, and that is penalised. Likewise, if you write less than 220 words, you are probably missing important information or you are not covering it in the detail required by the task instructions.
For this reason, I always recommend going over 20 words at most. That way you won’t lose points if your assignment covers the required topics and points. 🙂
The best guide for C1 Advanced Writing with examples and useful expressions
Although I will be publishing more articles explaining how to do each type of task for C1 Advanced, the best thing you can do to get plenty of information and practice is to buy the official KSE Academy guide to CAE Writing. In this guide you will find the following:
I hope you found this post useful. If you did, don’t forget to share with your friends and family. 🙂
I’ll see you in the next post. Until then, don’t forget to keep smiling!
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Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE): How to Write an Essay
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Introduction
An essay in the C1 Advanced Writing paper is usually written for an academic tutor and may be written as a follow-up to a class activity, such as attending a seminar or watching a documentary. The main purpose of the task is to underline relevant salient issues on the stated topic, and to support an argument with subsidiary points and reasons. An essay should be well organised, with an introduction, clear development and an appropriate conclusion. It should hold the target reader’s attention and communicate complex ideas using an appropriate range of vocabulary and structures. Source: Cambridge English C1 Advanced handbook for teachers
Essays are part of the first section of the CAE Writing paper. The task is mandatory, which means that you always have to write an essay unlike the other texts ( emails/letter , proposals , reviews , reports ) where you can choose which one you would like to tackle in the exam.
Essay writing is not that difficult…
…if you know what you are doing. For most students, essay writing feels like this huge obstacle that they won’t be able to clear when, in fact, it is not as bad as you might think.
Just like every other writing task in C1 Advanced you can apply a specific structure because the different tasks share the same characteristics. Obviously, the topic changes and the input you get from the question differs, but, essentially, it is like repeating the same task over and over again. For this, you can become pretty good at essay writing in a short time just by practising regularly until most of it becomes almost automatic for you.
Long story short, in this article I’m going to take you by the hand and guide you through all the different aspects of essay writing. We’re going to see what a typical essay task looks like, the structure and language and, of course, common problems and mistakes you should avoid on your way to mastering essays.
What a typical essay task looks like
As mentioned earlier, essay tasks in C1 Advanced look very similar to each other and once you understand what those common features are, you will see that everything becomes a lot easier. A typical task might look like the one below:
Every essay writing task looks like this with the content changing, but the structure staying exactly the same.
There are also a few things highlighted for you in bold which are definitely important for you to consider when you plan and, later, write your text.
First of all, in the bigger box there is always the question you have to answer and three option s to choose from and, as the rubric tells you, you have to pick two of them . These two points need to be discussed and compared and then you explain (with reasons!) which option you think is better, more suitable, nicer or whatever the task asks you to do (Here: Which facility is it more important for local authorities to give money to?).
Apart from that, you are also gifted a few ideas in the smaller of the two boxes . You can use these in your essay (You don’t have to.), but make sure that you don’t just copy them word for word. Instead, paraphrase them and make them your own, or simply come up with your own ideas.
If you have ever written a Cambridge B2 First essay , you will immediately see the similarities between the tasks, but in C1 Advanced there is less support for you and you have to make more decisions on your own before you can even start to make a plan for your text. Read the whole task very carefully and then choose wisely based on what feels best for you in any given case .
Formal or informal language in an essay?
I’ll keep this short for you because this works in every single task: Keep your language formal , which means no contractions ( I’m , don’t , etc.), no colloquial expressions ( Hey, what’s up? , I liked it heaps ., etc.), and no slang or phrasal verbs that convey informality ( I’m bursting vs. I have had enough to eat; carry on vs. continue).
How to organise your essay
OK, we know now what we have to do and what kind of language we have to use so it’s time to look at the organisation and structure of a good essay.
When organising a piece of writing you should always think about what it is that you have to include in your text. In a C1 Advanced essay there are basically four things:
- First topic point
- Second topic point
From that, we can make four paragraphs and this applies to every single essay you are going to write to practise or in the official exam.
Let’s have another look at our example from earlier. The three options are museums, sports centres and public gardens. Museums and sports centres are both buildings and probably similar to talk about so I’m going to choose sports centres and public parks, just because we can contrast them better in my opinion.
Adding our two topic points to the list from before, this specific essay structure looks like this:
- Sports centres
- Public parks
So there you go. I think that the process up this point is fairly simple and from there most students jump right into the deep end and start to write their essay – but not so fast!
Plan before you start writing
One of the most crucial yet most undervalued tools for excellent writing is a good plan. Unfortunately, I see too many students skip this step and they often end up revising their texts over and over until they run out of time and the result is still not satisfactory.
Please don’t make the same mistake. It takes around five minutes to make a plan which helps you organise your thoughts and ideas in a way that makes sense. You will be able to focus on your language and arguments instead of worrying about possibly forgetting to include content while saving you time. It works and you should do it as well.
To make your plan just take the list we created above and add a couple of thoughts to each point so you know what you want to write about.
- Introduction (panel discussion, local authorities, sports centres & public gardens –> Which one is more important?)
- Sports centres (public health, wide variety of activities, social aspect)
- Public parks (green lung of the city, place to relax from city life, social outdoor activities)
- Conclusion (sports centres better choice –> more variety, more social, greater health benefits)
It took me 4 minutes to create this plan. I used the idea from the task for sports centres (“Sports centrs mean healthier people.”), but I paraphrased it (public health) while the idea for public parks seems too vague for me so I left it out. Remember that it is optional to include these thoughts in your essay. if you feel that you have better ones, go for it.
The different parts of an essay
So far, we’ve looked at a typical essay task and we put everything in order. The next step, of course, is to put our pen to paper and turn our ideas into a great essay. Please be aware that these are simply my recommendations and if you feel that they are helpful, you’re welcome, and if not, modify them or change whatever you think makes more sense for you.
The introduction to your essay serves several different purposes. It presents the topic/question to the reader and puts it in context, introduces the topic points you are going to discuss and creates interest and anticipation in the reader.
All of this sounds like an awful lot of stuff to include, but with a little bit of practice you’ll find out that it is a fairly repeatable process. Once you’ve got the hang of it, you’ll produce one great introduction after another without having to think about it too much.
With all that being said, let’s look at a possible introduction for our example task.
In recent years, public funding for local facilities has become more problematic for many towns, which has become more obvious to me after listening to a panel on the financial needs of several different local facilities like sports centres and public parks. As these places battle for funds, the main question is which ones deserve the money more.
Let’s have a closer look at this intro. At the beginning the whole issue is put into the context of the financial problems many local authorities have experienced. Sports centres and public parks as our two topic points are included as well and, last but not least, a question is asked to create a little more interest in the reader.
With all our boxes being ticked we can now move on to the next part of the essay.
After you finish your introduction, you can turn your attention towards the main topic paragraphs. These are called ‘the body’ of you essay. I always compare it to a hamburger where the introduction and the conclusion are the bread bun while the patty, lettuce, tomatoes and sauce are the body. You want to make your essay tasty so make sure that the body is just as great as your intro.
Your topic paragraphs should be longer than the introduction and conclusion, but at the same time balanced and about the same length between the two of them. Remember, however, to stay within the limit of 220-260 words total.
A couple of characteristics that are useful and important for every topic paragraph are the following:
- Start with a topic sentence that makes it clear what the paragraph is about.
- Always support your arguments with reasons and/or examples .
- Avoid being too personal unless you give your own opinion at the end of the paragraph.
This is not rocket science, but let me show you what I mean in a couple of examples.
It is widely known that sports centres provide many different benefits to the local community. Someone on the panel mentioned that, from a public-health standpoint, it is crucial to offer opportunities to exercise in order to keep everyone healthy physically as well as mentally due to the social character of sports. In addition to that, exercise comes in many different shapes and forms, from team sports to individual activities like swimming, so there is something for everyone to enjoy in a dedicated group of people. While green spaces in a town or city have their own benefits, it can be difficult to maintain such large areas in order to keep parks pleasant and inviting to everyone. Nevertheless, considered by many as the green lung of a city their use as a refuge from hectic city life cannot be debated, and groups of people as well as individuals can be seen following their favourite pastime or socialising with others, which makes the discussion about allocating funds even more difficult.
At the beginning of each paragraph it immediately becomes clear what to expect as I mention sports centres and public parks (green spaces, parks). I managed to include all the points from our plan and I supported my arguments with some examples . Also, you can see that, for example, I didn’t use the word ‘I’ in these paragraphs at all even though my opinion on each point is pretty clear. Instead, I used more general statements (“It is widely known that…”, “considered by many as…”, “…can be seen”) which help convey your opinion without simply stating it .
Last but not least, both parts are balanced in terms of their length, but I don’t want you to think that they have to be perfectly equal. If there is good reason to give one part a little bit more attention over the other, that’s fine. For example, you can say in your essay that one of the ideas is more complex than the other, which tells the examiner that you actually thought about this instead of just having messed up your text. Be clear about it and think it through before you even start writing.
Finally, the conclusion of your essay is there to summarise and to give your opinion on the topic as well as to answer the question in the task (Which facilities should receive money from local authorities?). Your opinion can be nuanced and doesn’t have to be simply black or white as long as you can justify what you say.
In our example, a conclusion might look something like this:
Taking into account all the positions from above I come to the conclusion that funding should be allocated to both facilities as they provide essential resources to the local community. However, due to their more social character and possibly greater public health benefits I would give more funds to sports centres.
There you have it. The conclusion summarises the findings from the body of the essay and I answered the question giving my opinion. That’s really all you have to do in order to finish off your text well.
Time to start practising
With all the information provided in this article I hope you feel ready to start your journey to become an excellent essay writer. As you can see, the structure is clear and the tasks are always similar. Practise regularly in order to improve until essay writing becomes second nature for you.
Lots of love,
Teacher Phill 🙂
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The Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE) essay is a formal, academic writing. You’ll find it in Part 1 of the CAE writing exam and, just like at other levels, Part 1 is mandatory. That means whether you like it or not, you’ll be writing an essay for your C1 Cambridge exam. Considering that, it’s probably a good idea to practise. The good news is, the CAE essay can be quite formulaic. Once you’ve done it a few times, you’ll notice the structure and style are always pretty similar. Before you know it, you’ll be writing them in your sleep! In this post, you’ll find some useful CAE writing tips and three essay questions with sample answers.
If you’re looking for a complete overview of the CAE writing exam, with CAE writing tips and much more, check out Advanced Writing Plus , our complete self-study course.
Topics for Advanced (CAE) essay questions
At C1 level, you are expected to be able to write about pretty much any topic you can imagine. However, CAE essay topics are generally going to be quite formal. You’re not going to be asked about your plans for the weekend!
These are some of the topics which are most likely to come up in an Advanced essay question:
- Environmental issues
- Public projects
- Science and nature
- Global issues
Make sure you’ve looked into these topics and studied relevant vocabulary. You can also read different articles and listen to radio broadcasts (or podcasts) related to the topics. Don’t forget to note down important vocabulary so you can remember it for your writings!
C1 Advanced (CAE) Essay Tips
You’ve probably got plenty of experience writing in English if you’ve reached a C1 level. Students who prepare for this exam often need their skills focused in the right way rather than being taught brand new ideas.
Here are my top tips for preparing the CAE essay task.
- Don’t do anything too strange – The essay question is likely to be on quite an interesting topic. It could even be on something you feel strongly about or specialise in. But be careful! When essays start to ramble too much or go too far, they lose their strength. This essay isn’t going to change the world, so don’t go overboard!
- Use advanced language – Remember that to get top points, you must use advanced structures in your writing. Take some time to practise inversion, cleft sentences and participle clauses, then use them in your essay.
- Don’t be stingy with linking words – Linking words (and expressions) are the glue of a writing. Without them, everything falls apart. This doesn’t mean you have to use ridiculous uncommon linking words, but you should use them frequently, probably more than you expect. Take a look at our post about linking words for some ideas.
- Be stylish! – An essay needs to read like an essay, just like a report needs to read like a report. This means it is a formal, academic text. Formal means no contractions, few phrasal verbs, complex sentences and an impersonal style. The essay needs to include your opinion, so you need to express that opinion through style and substance, supported by facts.
- Focus on argument and coherence – To score high in the CAE essay, it’s important to have a clear argument and structure. Plan your essay and stick to the plan, making sure each paragraph has a clear purpose. Ensure that your points are logically connected and that your writing is coherent.
- Use a variety of sentence types – Varying sentence types and lengths keep the reader engaged and demonstrate your writing skills. Mix simple and complex sentences to add interest to your writing.
- Check your writing! – Proofreading is critical for writing a top-scoring CAE essay. Check for grammatical and spelling errors and make sure the writing flows well. Also, don’t forget to check your writing style and tone to make sure you sound professional and academic.
- Practice, practice, practice – Finally, practise writing essays under timed conditions. This will help you to improve your time management and build confidence for the actual exam.
The materials
Here are three Advanced (CAE) essay questions. They each use different CAE essay topics. Use them to practise and improve in preparation for the Cambridge C1 Advanced exam. After completing your own essay, check the example answer and compare.
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C1 Advanced Writing CAE | 6 Powerful Strategies
Table of Contents
C1 Advanced Writing
There are 2 parts to the C1 advanced writing paper. Part 1 is an essay and in part 2 you have 3 options from a choice of: proposal, report or review, email or letter.
It takes a long time to prepare for the writing, I have a way we can learn the basics of this paper quickly. If you have more time, I recommend checking out my full CAE writing course which forms part of my long CAE course .
On the rest of this page, you will learn:
- how examiners mark your writing
- what is expected for each type of writing
- C1 Advanced writing frequently asked questions
C1 Advanced Writing Format
I'm sorry, you need to be a Gold member in order to watch the video below. Become a Gold member here >>
How Do Examiners Mark Your Writing?
In the following video I show you how examiners mark your Part 1 and Part 2 writings. This video has come from my C1 Advanced (CAE) Writing course.
If you understand how examiners mark your work then you will also know how to get the best possible marks in the exam!
Right, now let's have a look at an example of each writing type that might appear in the exam.
C1 Advanced Writing Part 1 - Essay
Part 1 is a compulsory writing task. You have no options to choose from. You have to answer one essay question.
If you want to know how to write a CAE essay that will ensure you get a high CAE score , then watch the video below.
Handbook for Teachers More CAE Writing Samples More Sample Questions
Learn more about C1 Advanced Essay writing in my long CAE course >>
C1 advanced writing part 2 - introduction.
Before we look in more detail at the individual part 2 writing types, it's important to remember you have a choice of 3 questions in part 2 of the CAE writing test. The questions might ask you to write: a proposal, a report, a review, a letter or an email,. You only need to answer 1 question in part 2 and you need to write between 220 and 260 words.
It's really important to know how the examiners mark your writing in order to get the highest marks possible for this paper. That's why you should read the CAE writing marking criteria section above.
C1 Advanced Writing Part 2 - Proposal
Knowing how to write a C1 Advanced proposal which will blow examiners away is a tricky business.
CAE Writing Tip: sorry, this tip is available for Gold members only. Register/upgrade here >>
Watch this video...
CAE Handbook For Teachers
Learn more proposals in my long CAE course >>
C1 advanced writing part 2 - report.
Watch the video below for top tips on writing a C1 Advanced report.
Handbook for Teachers More CAE Writing Questions More CAE Writing Samples
There is more information about report writing in my long CAE course >>
C1 advanced writing part 2 - review.
The video below will show you some of the NEED TO KNOW information for writing a C1 Advanced review.
Many C1 level English students struggle with knowing how to write C1 Advanced reviews. If you are the same, the video below will be really useful for you.
Unfortunately the video below is for Gold members only. Register/upgrade to access it now >>
There is more information about C1 Advanced review writing in my long CAE course >>
C1 advanced letter.
Do you know how to write a successful C1 Advanced letter?
If you want to watch my official C1 Advanced letter video, you'll have to register/upgrade for Gold CAE membership or if you're already a member make sure you're logged in .
Improve your C1 Advanced letter writing in my long CAE course >>
C1 advanced email.
Do you want to know how to write a C1 Advanced email for part 2 of the CAE: C1 Cambridge exam?
Watch the video below and you will see some really useful advice...
The video below is only available for Gold members. Register/upgrade below ...
Email Writing - Technique
1. Make sure you know how the examiners mark the exam. I made a page explaining this.
Register as a Taster member for free here to access this page (below) now.
CAE Writing Marking Criteria page >>
2. Learn what the examiners are looking for from an email. Read my summary in the next few points.
3. Do timed practice examples before the exam. This will help you know how long the exam lasts.
What and how you write in an email largely depends on the question, so...
4. Take 2 minutes to read the question and underline the key parts.
- Make sure you know who the target reader is. "Candidates can expect to be asked to write to, for example, the editor of a newspaper or magazine, to the director of a company, to a school or college principal, or to a peer". Cambridge English Advanced Handbook for Teachers.
5. Take another 5 minutes to plan your answer.
- Make sure you read the question properly so you know whether you can give more personal information, for example, to a magazine or if you need to present more factual information.
You might be asked:
"to reassure somebody, to correct a misunderstanding, or to justify a course of action". Cambridge English Advanced Handbook for Teachers.
6. Spend 30-35 minutes writing your answer with a pen, pencil or on computer if you plan to do the computer based exam.
Make sure you answer all the required parts of the question.
Make sure you develop your points fully. This will help you to show more vocabulary and use different structures.
It is important to show that you can link your ideas together.
Try to use complex language. Even if your language isn't perfect, if the examiner understands what you mean, you will be rewarded.
7. Spend 3-8 minutes reading over your work at the end.
Reading your work at the end is very important. Make sure you save a few minutes for this! Especially watch out for mistakes which make it difficult to understand the meaning. Some typical mistakes students make are not matching the verbs with the subjects, for example 'the people was staring at him...' rather than 'the people were staring at him'. 'People' is a countable plural noun! Check out this page for other common errors at C1 Advanced .
8. After completing a few practice tasks, look how long your writing is on the page. Remember this so you know approximately how much you need to write in the exam. This way you don't need to waste time counting how many words you have written at the end.
CAE Writing Samples Book
Above is a book I wrote where you can read 21 CAE writing samples that students sent to me. The samples were submitted via my CAE writing assessment service . You can submit writings to me to get full video and written feedback, or use this website to help you. I have critiqued and given feedback for these writings. The feedback is based on the Cambridge English Assessment Scale which is what examiners use to mark your work in the exam.
C1 Advanced Writing FAQs
-Can I write in pencil?
Yes, you can write in pen or pencil.
-What do I do if I make a mistake?
Cross out the words you do not want the examiner to read.
There are loads more Writing FAQs on my Frequently Asked Questions as well as more information on all of the writing tasks above, including sample answers and critiques, in my longer CAE writing course...
CAE Writing Course
In my CAE Writing course, I go into much more detail and examples for all the different C1 Advanced writing types.
This course forms part of my long CAE course >>
Here is a preview of what's included in the writing course:
Next Page >>
Start this short CAE course again >>
Check out my long CAE course >>
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Writing - Part 1 - C1 Advanced (CAE) - Practice, Write & Improve
Exam question:, type: essay.
Write an essay discussing only two points . You should explain which point is more important , giving reasons in support of your answer.
Student's Answer:
“Nowadays the cost of public transport is a hotly-debated topic that often divides opinions. Some people belive that public transport must be totally free, others sustain that the transport tickets should be sold at a fixed and low price.
It has to be stressed that, as highlined by the Italian Transport Society, 33% of a citizen montly budget is used for transport, mainly in the costs related to the use of a car. Therefore, to lower the transport ticket price could easely reduce the number of people that use the car preferring a more economical way to go at work such as bus or metro, increasing the transport company gain. Moreover the reduction of transport cost could consist in less traffic and pollution and, in general, in a more ecological way of moving around the city.
It is often claimed that public transport should be avalable for everybody without a cost, but the ticket price not only contributes to the public transport company gain, but also covers the company costs such as the workers salaries. So that, if the public transpot was free, the local administration would have to cover the cost of the energy, the mantainence and the salaries of the transport company.
In light of the above it is evident that, being economically disadvantageous eliminating the cost of transport the most effective action is selling the tickets at a low and fixed price.
Nowadays the cost of public transport is a hotly-debated topic (suitable phrases) that often divides opinions. Some people belive believe that public transport mass transit (use synonyms) must be totally entirely (informal) free, while others sustain that the transport tickets should be sold at a fixed and low price . (avoid repetitive and common vocabulary) transportation tickets ought to be offered at a consistent and affordable rate.
The introduction informs the reader about the essence of the essay.
It has to be stressed that, (indirect language) as highlined highlighted by the Italian Transport Society, 33% of a citizen 's montly monthly budget is used for transport , mainly in the costs related to the use of a car . Therefore , (linking words) to lower lowering the transport ticket price (paraphrase) municipal transit cost could easely easily reduce the number of people that use the car employ personal vehicles (communicate more complex ideas) preferring a more economical way to go at work commute (avoid common vocabulary) such as bus or metro, increasing contribution to the city budget . (paraphrase) transport company gain . Moreover [,] (linking words) the reduction of transport cost could consist result in less traffic reduction and lower levels of exhaust emissions pollution and, in general, (interrupters) in a more ecological way of moving around the city . 2 citizens opting for eco-conscious methods of transportation in urban areas. (communicate more complex ideas)
- communicate more complex ideas - using sufficiently advanced language and topic-specific vocabulary
- avoid common vocabulary (way, move, car, more, less, to go) - use more advanced synonyms suitable for academic writing Formal & informal words
- frequent minor errors
It is often claimed that (passive reporting structures) public transport should be avalable available for everybody every resident (avoid common vocabulary) without a cost , but (conjunctions) the ticket price not only contributes to the public transport company gain, (repetitive information) it also covers various company costs such as the worker's salaries. 1 So that , (linking words) if the public transport was free, the local administration would have to (conditional) cover the cost of the energy, the mantainence and the salaries of the transport company . 1
Don't repeat the same words and information - make sure your vocabulary is diverse and subject-specific.
In light of the above [,] (transitional devices) it is evident that , being economically disadvantageous (passive voice) eliminating the cost of transport the most effective action is selling the tickets at a low and fixed price . 3
Content: 4/5 have you answered the question?
All content is relevant to the task. Target reader is informed.
- 1 Make it free- commented
- 2 Charge a fixed small amount- commented
3 You should explain which point is more important, giving reasons in support of your answer- commented
Do not repeat the same information to lengthen your answer or hide the fact that you are not saying anything important
Communicative Achievement: 3/5 have you completed the task in the right sort of language?
The language register is appropriately evaluative most of the time (some irrelevancies) Formal & Informal Style (C1
- use more nouns - formal written English uses nouns more than verbs Nouns in Formal English
Uses the conventions of the communicative task but t he text does not always consistently convey sufficiently advanced arguments.
The organisation: 4/5 have you structured your writing properly?
The candidate demonstrated clear and coherent organization of ideas, utilizing the most appropriate and effective structure for the given task.
Text is coherent, using cohesive devices and organisational patterns to generally good effect.
- punctuation is not always used effectively
Language: 2-3/5 have you used a good range of grammar and vocabulary?
Vocabulary There is a narrow range of vocabulary, including less common lexis.
Grammar There is sufficient range of simple and more complex grammatical forms which are used with control and flexibility.
Errors are minor but frequent and noticeable which occasionally impede communication.
Don't repeat the same words and phrases - make sure your vocabulary is diverse and interesting
- avoid simple vocabulary - the text consists of 54% of A1-level words
The text uses a range of suitable grammatical structures but text utilises a limited number of more complex forms or structures. Complex Sentences in English Writing C1/C2,
- inverted and mixed conditionals (Were it to.., Should it rain.. But for ...) read more
- use more passive voice (It is said / Is being / was made ) read more
- negative conditional (unless) see more
- participle clause (Being.../Having gone..) read more
- past modals (might have left.., could have been.. ) read more
Score: 13-14/20 Grade: C1
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C1 advanced exam format.
C1 Advanced is a thorough test of all areas of language ability.
The exam is made up of four papers developed to test your English language skills. You can see exactly what’s in each paper below.
The formats below are the same for both the paper-based and computer-based exams and digital exams. Please note, during March 2024 we will be moving from our current computer-based exam delivery to Cambridge English Qualifications Digital, which will offer you even more benefits. Information on the switch and what this means for you can be found on our Cambridge English Qualifications Digital page.
- openbook Reading and Use of English
- compose Writing
- playlist Listening
- megaphone Speaking
openbook What’s in the Reading and Use of English paper?
The C1 Advanced Reading and Use of English paper is in eight parts and has a mix of text types and questions.
Part 1 (Multiple-choice cloze)
Part 2 (Open cloze)
Part 3 (Word formation)
Part 4 (Key word transformations)
Part 5 (Multiple choice)
Part 6 (Cross-text multiple matching)
Part 7 (Gapped text)
Part 8 (Multiple matching)
compose What’s in the Writing paper?
In the two parts of the C1 Advanced Writing paper, you have to show that you can write different types of text in English.
Part 1 (Compulsory question)
Part 2 (Situationally based writing task)
playlist What’s in the Listening paper?
The C1 Advanced Listening paper has four parts. For each part you have to listen to a recorded text or texts and answer some questions. You hear each recording twice.
Part 1 (Multiple choice)
Part 2 (Sentence completion)
Part 3 (Multiple choice)
Part 4 (Multiple matching)
megaphone What’s in the Speaking paper?
The C1 Advanced Speaking test has four parts and you take it together with another candidate.
There are two examiners. One of the examiners conducts the test (asks you questions, gives you the paper with things to talk about, and so on). The other examiner listens to what you say and takes notes.
Part 1 (Interview)
Part 2 (Long turn)
Part 3 (Collaborative task)
Part 4 (Discussion)
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
The C1 Advanced Writing exam has two writing parts, which you must complete in 90 minutes. Both parts have a word limit of between 220-260 words. We recommend getting lots of writing practice under these conditions! Part 1 is always a discursive essay. It requires you to think about arguments for and against a topic.
Writing an essay is the first part of the C1 Advanced (CAE) Cambridge writing paper and it is obligatory. You need to answer the question with between 220-260 words. In the text, you need to analyse a question using different points of view. It is a semi-formal/formal text and should be impartial until the conclusion.
C1 Advanced (CAE) Essay: Download (PDF) An essay is the first part of the C1 advanced writing and it is obligatory. You need to answer the question with between 220-260 words. In the text, you need to analyse a question using different points of view. It is a semi-formal/formal text and should be impartial until the conclusion.
C1 writing. Are you a learner at C1 English level (advanced)? This section offers writing practice to help you write clear, well-structured texts about complex subjects. Texts include essays, proposals, articles, reports, reviews and emails. Each lesson has a preparation task, a model text with writing tips and three tasks to check your ...
Essay-writing conventions are used effectively to communicate ideas clearly. The register is mostly consistent despite the candidate offering advice. Overall the language of explanation, opinion and justification is appropriate for this essay and holds the reader's attention.
• review the format and focus of the Writing Part 1 paper • research a topic online in English • make notes on useful ideas and vocabulary to help you write a discursive essay • learn useful strategies for planning, writing and reviewing your written work. Get to know the exam: Writing Part 1 . The C1 Advanced Writing paper has two parts.
C1 Advanced Writing Part 1 . Teacher's notes Aims of the lesson ... Then look at the plan for structuring an essay in Exercise 2 Part B. Ask students to look at the sample answer for the question and to discuss, in pairs, to what extent this candidate has followed the
CAE Writing Essay Example. Now that we are familiar with the main features of an essay for Cambridge Advanced (CAE) Writing, let's look at a sample essay at C1 level, both the sample instructions and a possible answer. C1 Essay Instructions. In the picture below you can see an example from the Cambridge website.
Write an essay discussing only two points. You should explain which point is more important, giving reasons in support of your answer. Improve your writing skills with CAE C1 Advanced level writing practice. Enhance your proficiency in formal English essay writing.
Writing a CAE Essay Basics. You must write an essay. (In part 2 you get a choice, but the essay is always mandatory.) You have about 45 minutes. The tasks always look the same. Don't 'lift' too much from the question - use your own words. Preparing. Do lots of mock exams. Start early (mistakes in your writing take longest to fix). Months ...
An essay in the C1 Advanced Writing paper is usually written for an academic tutor and may be written as a follow-up to a class activity, such as attending a seminar or watching a documentary. The main purpose of the task is to underline relevant salient issues on the stated topic, and to support an argument with subsidiary points and reasons. ...
C1 Advanced Essay (CAE) Examples. This is a collection of CAE (Cambridge C1) essays written by my students, with my thoughts about them. There's also a video I made of me writing an essay. If you want CAE writing tips, there are lots in the writing section of this site. Special pandemic offer: For a limited time I am giving feedback on essays ...
The Cambridge C1 Advanced (CAE) essay is a formal, academic writing. You'll find it in Part 1 of the CAE writing exam and, just like at other levels, Part 1 is mandatory. That means whether you like it or not, you'll be writing an essay for your C1 Cambridge exam. Considering that, it's probably a good idea to practise.
Feedback in open class noting ideas on a shared document. Analyse the task: Student worksheet 1 Exercise 1. Students read the Part 2 task and answer the questions on their own or in pairs. Feedback: Display the task on the board. Nominate students to give answers, clarifying where necessary, underlining elements from the task:
C1 Advanced (CAE) Writing: Format. Format: cae writing paper contains two parts. Timing: 1 hour 30 minutes. Parts: 2. Task: candidates are required to complete two tasks: a compulsory task in Part 1. one task from a choice of three in Part 2. A range from the following: email/letter; essay; report; review; proposal.
👨🎓👩🎓 Need more help? Check out my B2 First, C1 Advanced and C2 Proficiency online preparation courses here: https://ttp-exam-academy-ben.thinkific ...
C1 Advanced Writing. There are 2 parts to the C1 advanced writing paper. Part 1 is an essay and in part 2 you have 3 options from a choice of: proposal, report or review, email or letter. It takes a long time to prepare for the writing, I have a way we can learn the basics of this paper quickly.
Before you write your C1 Advanced (CAE) Essay, you must plan! But before you plan, you need to understand what type of essay structure to use. If you don't k...
ALL these statements referring to Part 1 of the Writing paper are TRUE. 1. Part 1 is a new type of task never seen before in the C1 Advanced exam. 2. There is always a discursive essay on a particular topic. 3. You will be given a set of notes in bullet point form on the topic. 4. You must only select two of the bullet points given. 5.
To prepare for the C1 Advanced exam, learners should: Read widely to familiarise themselves with the conventions and styles of different types of writing (i.e. reports, proposals, reviews, letters and essays). Write 10-minute plans for a variety of questions in past papers, so that planning becomes automatic and quick.
The language register is appropriately evaluative most of the time (some irrelevancies) Formal & Informal Style (C1. avoid common vocabulary (way, move, car, more, less, to go) - use more advanced synonyms suitable for academic writing Formal & informal words; use more nouns - formal written English uses nouns more than verbs Nouns in Formal ...
I was asked to correct this C1 Advanced (CAE) essay, but it's already perfect... I had very few things to change to this essay, making it a perfect example o...
In the two parts of the C1 Advanced Writing paper, you have to show that you can write different types of text in English. Summary. Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes. Number of parts: 2. Number of questions: Part 1: one compulsory question. Part 2: one question from a choice of three.