APA Title Page (Cover Page) Format, Example, & Templates
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In APA Style (7th edition), the cover page, or title page, should include:
- A running head (professional papers only) and page number
- The title of the paper
- The name of the author(s)
- The institutional affiliation
- An author note; optional (professional papers only)
- A student paper should also include course information
Note : APA 7 provides slightly different directions for formatting the title pages of professional papers (e.g., those intended for scholarly publication) and student papers (e.g., those turned in for credit in a high school or college course).
Professional paper APA title page
Student paper APA title page
Formatting an APA title page
Note : All text on the title page should be double-spaced and typed in either 12-point, Times New Roman font. In the 7th edition, APA increaded the flexibility regarding font options: which now include Calibri 11, Arial 11, Lucida Sans Unicode 10, Times New Roman 12, or Georgia 11. All words should be centered, and capitalize the first letter of important words.
Running Head
In the 7th edition of the APA style manual, running heads are only required for professional papers that are being submitted for publication (student papers do not require a running head, but still need a page number).
Your title page should contain a running head that is flush left at the top of the page and a page number that is flush right at the top of the page.
Place the running head in the page’s header:
- The running head is the abbreviated title of the paper (IN UPPERCASE LETTERS) aligned left on the page header of all pages, including the title page. APA (7th edition) guidelines require that running heads be a maximum of 50 characters (spaces count as characters).
- The “Running head:” label used in the APA sixth edition is no longer used.
- Place the page number in this same header, but align right, beginning with page number 1 on the title page.
- This header should be 1 inch from the top. Some instructors allow for 1/2 inch, too, but the default is 1 inch.
Paper Title
Position the title of the paper in the upper half of the page. The title should be centered and written in boldface, and important words should be capitalized.
The APA recommends that your title should be a maximum of 12 words and should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose.
Author Name(s)
Institutional affiliation.
Position the school or university’s name below the author(s) name, centered.
A student paper should also include the course number and name, instructor name, and assignment due date.
Further Information
- APA Student Title Page Guide
- APA Referencing
- How to Write a Lab Report
- Essay Writing Guide for Psychology Students
- APA Style Citations & References
- Example of an APA Formatted Paper
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APA cover (title) page: format and templates
There are two types of title page required for APA style papers, a professional and a student version.
Student APA cover page
As long as students do not have any specific guidance from their instructors in regards to a cover page format, they should include the following elements on their cover page:
- Running head : only for APA 6th you write "Running head: TITLE" as a header. APA 7th does not require a running head.
- Title of the paper : three to four lines down from the top of the title page, centered and in bold for APA 7 (APA 6 does not have a title in bold).
- Name of author(s) : include a double-spaced blank line between the paper title and the author name(s).
- Affiliation for each author (the university attended, including department)
- Course number and name
- Name of instructor
- Due date of the assignment (date format used in your location)
- Page number (included on all pages), cover page is number 1.
- Times New Roman is the preferred font, 12-point .
- Double spacing
- 1 inch margins
We created a a student APA cover page template of both 6th & 7th edition, which you can download:
Professional APA cover page
A professional APA cover page should include the following elements:
- Name of each author : include a double-spaced blank line between the paper title and the author names.
- Affiliation for each author: give the name of the institution at which the research was carried out.
- Author note : see the specific instructions below.
- Running head (included on all pages): for APA 6th you write "Running head: TITLE" and for APA 7th only the title in caps is required (omitting the phrase running head).
- Page number (included on all pages): page 1 is the cover page.
- Times New Roman is the preferred font, 12 -point.
Since there are a few slight differences between the professional cover page in APA 6th and 7th edition, we created a template for each version, which you can download.
APA cover page: Author note format
An author note in a professional paper can be found at the bottom of the cover page. It is usually composed of four paragraphs.
- In the first paragraph : for APA 6, give the name of the author and their affiliation. For APA 7, give the authors' ORCID iDs. Omit this part if the authors don't have ORCID iDs.
- Second paragraph : Specify any changes of affiliation (for both APA 6 & 7). Use the following format: “[Author’s name] is now at [affiliation].” This paragraph may also clarify the death of an author.
- Third paragraph : give any confidentiality disclosures and/or acknowledgments.
- Fourth paragraph : give the contact information of the author(s).
Format : start this section in the bottom half of the title page, below the affiliations. Leave a minimum of one blank line between the affiliation and the author note title. Center the title “Author Note” in bold. The first line of each paragraph should be indented and all aligned to the left.
Further reading
For more details not covered in this guide, take a look at the following sources:
📝 Student and Professional APA cover page (7th ed.)
🌐 APA 6th cover page tutorial
Frequently Asked Questions about APA cover (title) page
The title page of a student paper serves as a representation of the author. It is a mere formality, as it makes your paper appear more academic. As a student, the title page helps your instructor identify on a glance who wrote the paper, what the topic is, and for what course. In sum, a student should add a title page when indicated.
The title page of a professional paper serves as a representation of the author. For professionals, the function of a title page is to introduce the reader to the main facts of the paper, such as the author, the topic, the year of publication, and contact information. In sum, a professional should add a title page to comply with academic standards.
No. According to APA style, the title's font of a title page should not include any type of Word Art or "fun" fonts of any kind. APA style indicates titles should be written in the same font as the rest of the text, it should centered and in bold (for APA 7).
Yes, APA style's title page should be formated as page 1 of the paper, followed by the abstract page as page 2.
If you learn better by watching than by reading, here are two YouTube tutorials that will help you create a title page: APA Style 7th Edition: Student Paper Formatting and APA Style 7th Edition: Professional Paper Formatting by Samuel Forlenza, PhD.
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Blog Graphic Design 20 Professional Report Cover Page Examples & Templates
20 Professional Report Cover Page Examples & Templates
Written by: Michelle Martin Aug 11, 2023
The combination of reports and business resembles the harmonious pairing of peanut butter and jelly, yet the process of crafting reports is often more intricate than assembling the yummy sandwich.
Fret not! Behold these 20 report cover page templates, seamlessly blending professionalism with style. These templates are guaranteed to bestow a flawless final flourish upon your most recent statistical masterpiece.
The cherry on top? Every single one of them is both cost-free and effortlessly adaptable, allowing you to personalize them to your liking in under a minute.
Looking for even more convenience? The Venngage report maker , along with an array of versatile report templates , stands ready to provide you with exceptional assistance in your endeavor.
Click to jump ahead:
What’s the purpose of a report cover page?
20 free report cover page templates, how to make a report cover page, report cover page faqs.
You didn’t spend umpteen hours researching, writing, editing, proofing and perfecting your business report just for nobody to read it, right? Your report cover page, also known as your title page, matters because it’s the first thing people see. Your report cover page is a first impression.
From it, people make snap judgments like:
- What is this about?
- Do I need to read this?
- Is this going to be worth my time?
Several things subconsciously make up those judgments, including:
- Your title, and how intriguing it is (or isn’t).
- The cover page’s design.
Because it’s your first page, seeing a polished and professional report cover page / title page subconsciously makes people assume your report is equally as high quality, too. And that makes them more likely to actually read it and have a positive opinion of it afterwards.
All ready to impress? Let’s take a look at 20 report cover page templates that’ll help you nail those first impressions and create an amazing report !
Classic report cover page templates
Work for a large company or presenting to a conservative audience? Play it safe with this classic professional report cover page template.
For most reports, a simple cover page is all you need. Swap out the tea mug for your own logo, or another illustration that better fits your company from our collection of over 20,000 icons .
This report cover page template also features a large photo, but with a more refined design that’s perfect for corporations, consulting firms and institutions.
An academic vibe emanates from this report cover page template, so it’s perfect for technical reports or institutions.
I love that this report cover features key insights on the cover to hook your potential reader right away. This would be perfect for a white paper or study, or even to highlight the best data from your sales or annual report .
This template also features a large cover photo, but keeps the rest of the report design minimal with only a title and company name. Because of the huge photo space, it’s perfect for showing off physical projects, like real estate developments.
This report cover page template is ideal for any type of report, although it’s particularly suited to making your financial reports shine.
Bold report cover page templates
The bright color and chunky border set this report cover page template / title page apart from the rest. Go big and get your report noticed.
Show off your work or team with this professional, but splashy, report cover template.
Perfect for promoting your brand colors, this bold template is sure to get your reader’s attention.
This colorful cover page template packs a punch while being super quick to customize. Change the text to your report title and you’re done. You could leave the colored bars as is, or change them to match your brand colors.
An eye-catching report cover with the most minimal approach possible: Only a title. Unlike the others featured here, this one doesn’t include a company name, date, or any other text fields. You can stay with the minimal approach, or add more text fields easily in the Venngage editor .
This report cover template brings boldness not only with bright colors and shapes, but also being in landscape format. Ooh, rebellious.
Simple yet elegant, this report cover puts your products or project front and center with a modern flair sure to get attention.
Creative report cover page templates
Punch it up a notch with this colorful cover page. It’s perfect for marketing presentations or any report geared toward design-minded folks.
This fun cover page template reminds me of an old-school composition notebook. Changing the colors to black and white would emphasize that effect — sure to be a hit with the elder Millennials on your team. 😉
While it may not be suitable for a boardroom of C-suite executives, this report cover’s illustrative style will certainly turn heads. Reimagine this scene with entirely new elements from our library of over 40,000 icons and illustrations , or simply replace a few individual items to better suit your HR reporting needs.
If the above template is too casual for your audience, try this title page. It has a more classic layout while still utilizing creative illustration elements.
Customizing this illustrated report cover is quick and easy: Replace the icons inside the silhouette with graphics or text that represents your industry or the subject matter of your report.
Featuring a modern, minimal border and cute, yet still professional, illustrations, this report cover page template is perfect for study results and insightful reports.
- Choose a template
Pick any of the report cover page templates featured in this article, or browse our full collection of report templates . I’ve shown you the cover pages here, but every template also comes with a full set of inner pages to make your entire report shine.
I’m using this report cover template for this example.
Click Create on the template you want to use.
- Add your branding
Clicking Create on a template opens the editor tool where you can easily swap out colors, fonts, images, edit text and more.
To swap a color, click on the element you want to change, then click the color icon in the top bar and choose a new one. You can use the eyedropper to pick another color from your template, or enter a HEX or RGB color code. You can also adjust the opacity.
Need some inspiration? Check out these top color palette generators .
To edit text, click on the text box you want to change. Double-clicking automatically selects the text. Start typing to overwrite it, or select just the section you want to change.
With the text box selected, change the font, color, size or other styles using the formatting bar at the top.
You can also upload your own font file to ensure your report cover perfectly matches the rest of your report, and brand.
- Swap out images
To edit an image, click on it and choose Replace .
You can upload your own image, or search and choose from over 3 million royalty-free stock images from Pexels and Pixabay, conveniently accessible right inside the editor.
You may run into what I have with this report cover page template: I changed the photo, but it’s still got the blue overlay on it. Not to worry, here’s how to change that.
Open the left side menu and click Background . You can choose a new background color based on other colors used in your document — an easy way to keep designs on-brand — or, specify your own color. You can even add a gradient background with one click, or add a pattern on top of your background color.
The possibilities are endless for customizing your visual elements.
Once you change the background color, your photo may be too dark or too light to show up properly. To adjust this, click on the photo, then Opacity at the top. Play around with it until it looks just right.
- Optional: Create the rest of your report
Click on any page to edit it and add in your report content. Click the plus icon to add a new blank page, or the double-rectangle icon to duplicate an existing page.
No time for that level of detail, or already have a completed report and only need a cover? No problem — just export the first page as your new cover and attach it to your existing PDF with Adobe Acrobat , Preview for Mac, or with an online tool like MergePDF .
- Wow your boss/team/mom
Whoever’s gonna be reading your report will be heckin’ impressed by your top notch style, friend. Nicely done.
What should be on a report cover page?
There is only one “must-have” thing on your report cover: your report title.
But, most people also include:
- Your company name
- Company website URL
- Contact information, like email or phone number (usually only if giving a presentation)
- An identifier of what type of report it is (e.g. “ Annual Report ,” “Q4 Earnings Report,” “ Progress Update ,” etc)
Ultimately, what you include is up to you and the requirements of your report. You can easily add new text fields or images — or edit existing ones — to any of our report cover page templates to suit your needs.
Does my report cover page need to match the rest of my report?
Well… it’d be nice if it did. But no, it’s not required.
For example, your report may be in a spreadsheet format, or listing out balance sheets and financial statements. Most of these types of reports are automatically generated from software. Trying to brand them by copy and pasting that content into a nice looking template probably isn’t worth your time.
Plus, the people reviewing those reports are likely expecting the familiar format they’re used to and may be put off by a big change.
But your report cover page and actual report don’t need to be identical to “match.”
As long as the font in your report isn’t size 36 Comic Sans, attaching a nicely designed cover page will make any report appear more professional and put together. (If your report is in Comic Sans, sorry, nothing can redeem it.)
Make a report cover page in 60 seconds or less
A professional, well-designed report cover page communicates the value of your report right away. It immediately gives your reader the impression of importance and competence, which is probably what you want your boss to think about you.
Plus, a great title page makes it much more likely your report will actually be read.
To recap, here’s how to make your own report cover page in less than 60 seconds:
- Step 1: Sign up for a free Venngage account .
- Step 2: Choose a report cover page template.
- Step 3: Add your branding, colors, fonts, and edit the text.
- Step 4 (Optional): Create the rest of your report with matching report page templates.
- Step 5: Save, share, print or export your cover and attach it to your existing report.
It’s really that quick to make a professional report cover page using a Venngage report cover page template. Gather your brand elements and report title and go forth and rock that report!
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Home / Guides / Writing Guides / Parts of a Paper / How to Write an Essay Cover Page
How to Write an Essay Cover Page
What you include in your cover page depends slightly on which citation style you are using, but the rules are generally the same.
Guide Overview
- APA cover pages
- MLA cover pages
For APA cover pages:
Include the title of the paper, running head, the author’s name, institutional affiliation, and an author’s note.
Here is an example of a cover page in APA:
For MLA cover pages:
Cover pages are not as frequently used in MLA format, as the inclusion of headers is preferred.
A header looks like this:
Cover pages can include the name of your school, your paper title, your name, your course name, your teacher or professor’s name, and the due date of the paper. If you are unsure of what to include, check with your instructor.
Here is an example of a cover page in MLA format:
For more help making cover or title pages, visit our title page generator here.
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Free Cover Page templates
Create impressive cover pages for your assignments and projects online in just a click. choose from hundreds of free templates and customize them with edit.org..
Create impressive cover pages in a few minutes with Edit.org, and give your projects and assignments a professional and unique touch. A well-designed title page or project front page can positively impact your professor's opinion of your homework, which can improve your final grade!
Create a personalized report cover page
After writing the whole report, dissertation, or paper, which is the hardest part, you should now create a cover page that suits the rest of the project. Part of the grade for your work depends on the first impression of the teacher who corrects it.
We know not everyone is a professional designer, and that's why Edit.org wants to help you. Having a professional title page can give the impression you've put a great deal of time and effort into your assignment, as well as the impression you take the subject very seriously. Thanks to Edit.org, everyone can become a professional designer. This way, you'll only have to worry about doing a great job on your assignment.
On the editor, you will also find free resume templates and other educational and professional designs.
Customize an essay cover page with Edit.org
- Go to formats on the home page and choose Cover pages.
- Choose the template that best suits the project.
- You can add your images or change the template background color.
- Add your report information and change the font type and colors if needed.
- Save and download it. The cover page is ready to make your work shine!
Free editable templates for title pages
As you can see, it's simple to create cover pages for schoolwork and it won’t take much time. We recommend using the same colors on the cover as the ones you used for your essay titles to create a cohesive design. It’s also crucial to add the name and logo of the institution for which you are doing the essay. A visually attractive project is likely to be graded very well, so taking care of the small details will make your work look professional.
On Edit.org, you can also reuse all your designs and adapt them to different projects. Thanks to the users' internal memory, you can access and edit old templates anytime and anywhere.
Take a look at other options we propose on the site. Edit.org helps design flyers, business cards, and other designs useful in the workplace. The platform was created so you don't need to have previous design knowledge to achieve a spectacular cover page! Start your cover page design now.
Create online Cover Pages for printing
You can enter our free graphic editor from your phone, tablet or computer. The process is 100% online, fun and intuitive. Just click on what you want to modify. Customize your cover page quickly and easily. You don't need any design skills. No Photoshop skills. Just choose a template from this article or from the final waterfall and customize it to your liking. Writing first and last names, numbers, additional information or texts will be as easy as writing in a Word document.
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Creating a captivating research paper title page – ultimate guide with examples.
August 29, 2019
A reader can become engaged or irritated after seeing your research paper title page. Th at is why you need to put in the effort to make sure that it is done properly, and it compels the reader to continue reading the content. Creating the title page for research paper is sometimes more difficult for students than writing a research paper.
How To Make A Title Page For Research Paper
The first thing you need to know is that there are primarily three formats for your title page – APA, Chicago style, and MLA. Your instructor will most likely tell you which format is ideal for the paper. The title page has to contain some precise information about the research in a few words. So, what should be contained in a research paper title page?
The front page of your research paper should contain your full name as it is stated on all your educational certificates. That should be on the same page where you put the topic.
Title Of The Research Paper
Make sure you come up with a good title for research paper and put it on the cover page along with your name. Make sure that the title is interesting. Also, it should not be misleading in any way but should provide a glimpse into the entire content. Typically, the title of the research paper title is expected to be written in capital letters and bold fonts.
Supervisor’s Name
Another important detail to add is the full name of the research supervisor. If you go through the research paper title page examples, you’ll see that adding the supervisor’s name is a must.
Course Information
You need to provide some information about the course, including the course code, academic year, and semester.
Now you know what your research paper title page is expected to contain, it’s time to dive into how to make a title page like a professional. Below are some useful tips for creating the perfect paper title page:
Use The Right Format
As stated earlier, there are three main research paper formats. The one you use will depend on what you’ve been instructed to use. However, you need to make sure you stick to one format from the title to the conclusion.
If you’ve been instructed to use the Chicago format, you have to make sure all the content on the cover page is aligned to the center. Your paper title should be halfway into the page. After the page title, write your full name followed by the name of your instructor and then the course title. There is no need to number the cover page when you’re using the Chicago style.
When you’re instructed to use the APA style, you have to number the title page at the top right corner. Use Times New Roman as your page font and keep one-inch margins on every side of the cover page. You may not need to write everything in capital letters.
For the MLA format, you need to start a third way into the paper, but it should not be as low as the Chicago style. You can add a subtitle to your original title. Just after that, add your name, the name of your school, the course title, your instructor’s name.
Writing A Research Paper – Quick Overview
After you’ve determined what you want your title page to look like, you need to find out how to start a research paper. It is important to note that each institution may have specific guidelines on how to write a research paper. So, make sure you read these guidelines thoroughly before you start. However, some general rules are as follows:
Don’t Joke With The Research
The research part of the research paper writing is crucial. Before you start writing anything, research the topic thoroughly, and get updated information about every fact you’re going to list. As soon as you understand the topic, you need to gather resources, formulate the idea, develop your thesis statement. Your research should be backed by empirical data. If possible, conduct first-hand research on the subject. Otherwise, look for reliable research on Google Scholar, government publications, encyclopedias, newspapers, and almanacs.
About Your Thesis Statement
Your thesis statement tells your reader what the main point of your essay is and what your supporting points are. It can be one or two sentences that prepare the minds of the readers for what is to come. Make sure that everything in the body of your paper is in line with the thesis statement, not opposite. Your thesis statement should appear at the end of your introduction and or should match the topic.
Work With An Outline
Your work would flow better if you use an outline from the beginning to the end. Your outline should be made up of all the points you intend to cover in the content. It can also include the research paper format. Make sure that you put down all the subheadings you intend to cover in the content as well as the details of the materials you want to use in each subheading.
Write A Draft First
To increase your chances of creating high-quality work, try writing a draft first. When you’ve completed the draft, you can start writing the content you will submit. Writing a draft first allows you to brainstorm ideas and find the perfect voice for the content.
Progress From Weakest To Strongest Point
For your content to have a logical flow, start with the weakest point, and slowly progress to the strongest. That doesn’t mean you need to start with a point that isn’t backed empirically. It just means the point you start with should not be your strongest. Each point should have a supporting argument as a backup. It makes your content better.
Restate Your Thesis Statement In Your Conclusion
When it’s time to conclude your paper after listing all the relevant points, you can restate your thesis statement as is common in research paper writing examples. That doesn’t mean you should copy and paste your thesis. Just find new words to say it and link all your points to it. Draw the reader’s attention to why all the points you’ve made support your thesis. That applies when you’re research is conclusive. If it is not, make sure you state that in the research is inconclusive.
Review Before Submission
So, you’ve completed your research paper successfully. That’s cool. However, you should not rush into submitting. Revise the work, make edits, and ask someone else to help you read it. Make sure that your work is as flawless as possible. There should be no inaccurate information, grammatical, or typographical errors. The last thing you want to do is submit a compelling research paper with bad grammar or typographical errors.
Let Our Writers Create Best Title Page For You
Writing a research paper, especially its title page, is like writing any other paper. However, it requires more precision and use of facts. Depending on the topic, make sure that everything you state is factual. These tips above will help when you’re creating a title page for your research paper and when you’re creating the paper. Also, should you feel stuck with crafting a research paper – feel free to hire our experts to help you get exciting results!
Take a break from writing.
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What’s Included: Research Paper Template
If you’re preparing to write an academic research paper, our free research paper template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .
The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research papers. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your paper will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.
The research paper template covers the following core sections:
- The title page/cover page
- Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
- Section 1: Introduction
- Section 2: Literature review
- Section 3: Methodology
- Section 4: Findings /results
- Section 5: Discussion
- Section 6: Conclusion
- Reference list
Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included links to free resources to help you understand how to write each section.
The cleanly formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.
FAQs: Research Paper Template
What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).
The research paper template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.
What types of research papers can this template be used for?
The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research papers, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.
Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.
Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level research paper?
This template can be used for a research paper at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.
How long should my research paper be?
This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. We include generic word count ranges for each section within the template, but these are purely indicative.
What about the research proposal?
If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .
We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .
How do I write a literature review?
We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.
How do I create a research methodology?
We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.
Can I share this research paper template with my friends/colleagues?
Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.
Can Grad Coach help me with my research paper?
Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our private coaching services .
Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts
APA Sample Paper
Welcome to the Purdue OWL
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Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here .
Media Files: APA Sample Student Paper , APA Sample Professional Paper
This resource is enhanced by Acrobat PDF files. Download the free Acrobat Reader
Note: The APA Publication Manual, 7 th Edition specifies different formatting conventions for student and professional papers (i.e., papers written for credit in a course and papers intended for scholarly publication). These differences mostly extend to the title page and running head. Crucially, citation practices do not differ between the two styles of paper.
However, for your convenience, we have provided two versions of our APA 7 sample paper below: one in student style and one in professional style.
Note: For accessibility purposes, we have used "Track Changes" to make comments along the margins of these samples. Those authored by [AF] denote explanations of formatting and [AWC] denote directions for writing and citing in APA 7.
APA 7 Student Paper:
Apa 7 professional paper:.
MS Word Cover Page Templates
Download, personalize & print, research report cover pages.
Posted By: admin 24/05/2019
A research report encompasses the outcomes of scientific research conducted by scientists, and engineers and conveys its results to the targeted audience. These researches can be surveys or any form of qualitative methods or they may focus on currency, geographic area, commodity, or an industry sector.
Generally, the research report covers a vast range of topics but mostly it concentrates on communicating particular information to the marketers for designing new strategies. Research reports hold special attention because they are reliable for providing all details about the research conducted and the procedures undertaken.
A report has several components for a detailed explanation of its purpose but major components include,
- Certificate/Statement
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgment
- List of Figures/Tables/Acronyms
- Introduction
- Materials & Methods
Among all these components, the cover page is of utmost significance due to its placement in the entire report. A good cover page signifies the worth of the document that follows and attracts viewers to give the document a full read. Different layouts of cover pages are presently based on the type of research conducted. But it usually includes the following information
- Identification of Research Report
- Name of Company/Institute/Bank
- Respective Logo
- Title of the topic under Discussion
- Name of Researchers
- Researcher’s Designation
- Name of Department
- The time duration of the Research
Research reports define the status and consequences of a completed project. Care needs to be taken while devising its cover page as its first impression needs to make a mark on its viewers and indulge themselves in the report.
These reports are viewed and critically analyzed by other researchers who want to collaborate and then decide if they want to proceed with the collaboration, therefore, cover pages are designed very cautiously, and following important rules are taken into consideration,
- Do not use very bright colors. Choose colors that complement the title of the report
- Keep the report formal and decent
- Do not crowd the page with excessive information. Provide a breathing space. Overdone cover pages cast negative impressions on the viewers
- Try to use graphics instead of text to explain the idea behind the report
- Use images according to to report title
- Date, Logo of Company, Title, Researcher’s name, and designation should be correct
- Avoid spelling mistakes
- Provide Company/Institute addresses and other contact details for communication purposes by other researchers
- Choose readable font size and style
There are various templates provided by different websites for cover pages. These templates bypass the effort required to design them. Information of own research is entered into the template and it can be used immediately. Some of these templates are altered by researchers according to their own needs and thus can be personalized.
These templates can be available online for free or can be bought from its website. On the contrary, many researchers design their own cover page along with the report as they can mold it depending on the information they want to present.
Along with its appearance, information on it also requires special attention. A cover page should serve its purpose of being concise, informative, and complete.
Cover page templates
- Healthcare Policy/Procedure Manual Cover Pages
- Economic Research Paper Cover Pages
- Clinical Trial Report Cover Pages
- Medical Articles Journal Cover Pages
- Company Profile Cover Pages
- Medical Case Study Cover Pages
- Hospital Annual Report Cover Pages
- Computer Assignment Page Designs
- Medical Assignment Cover Pages
- Economic Thesis/Dissertation Cover Pages
- Political Research Paper Cover Pages
- Computer Project Cover Pages
- Medical Proposal Cover Pages
- Medical Research Paper Cover Page Designs
- Research Paper Cover Page Designs
10+ Free Cover Page Templates for Research Papers in MS Word – (Pro Formats)
#1 – general design.
#2 – For Analytical Research Paper
#3 – Format for Argumentative Research Paper
#4 – Best for Case and Effect Research
#5 – Compare and Contrast Format
#6 – Design for Definition Research Paper
#7 – Experimental Research Paper Design
#8 – Interpretative Research Paper Format
#9 – Best Format for Problem/Solution Research Paper
#10 – Template for Survey Research Paper
- Name of student
- Name of university
- The title of research done
- Name of professor
- Due date of the paper.
Essentials of a research cover paper
Importance of good research paper cover page.
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Volume 629 Issue 8012, 16 May 2024
Damage control.
The cover shows the aftermath of the collapse of a nine-storey building in Guiyang, China, in 2015. Catastrophic building collapses have a huge cost and result in the loss of life. To try to mitigate problems, conventional building design aims to redistribute the load from any failed parts of a building to the rest of the structure, but this can cause sections of the building to collapse that would otherwise have been unaffected. In this week’s issue, Jose Adam and colleagues present an alternative approach to building design that isolates the failed part of a building thereby preventing catastrophic collapse. Called ‘hierarchy-based collapse isolation’, the approach was inspired by the way lizards isolate and shed their tails to escape predators. The design allows for controlled fracture along predetermined borders in parts of the building, which stops the initial failure from propagating to the entire building. The team suggests that this can prevent full-scale collapse, limiting the affected area and allowing more inhabitants to be rescued.
Cover image: Ou Dongqu/Xinhua/Alamy Live News
Forestry social science is failing the needs of the people who need it most
Rich nations’ fixation on forests as climate offsets has resulted in the needs of those who live in or make a living from these resources being ignored. A broader view and more collaboration between disciplines is required.
Advertisement
A DARPA-like agency could boost EU innovation — but cannot come at the expense of existing schemes
If Europe wants to create a high-risk, high-reward research body, it needs grass-roots backing.
Why mathematics is set to be revolutionized by AI
Cheap data and the absence of coincidences make maths an ideal testing ground for AI-assisted discovery — but only humans will be able to tell good conjectures from bad ones.
- Thomas Fink
Research Highlights
Old electric-vehicle batteries can find new purpose — on the grid.
An algorithm can monitor the health of retired vehicle batteries used to store surplus power fed into the electrical grid.
These parrots go on killing sprees over real-estate shortages
Scientists recorded green-rumped parrotlets pecking others’ chicks to death, probably to claim the nest space.
CRISPR therapy restores some vision to people with blindness
People with an inherited condition that causes vision loss in childhood had vision improvements after treatment to replace a mutated gene.
How the cauliflower got its curlicues
More than 2,000 years of domestication have given the popular vegetable its short stem and clumpy ‘curds’.
News in Focus
Major alphafold upgrade offers boost for drug discovery.
Latest version of the AI models how proteins interact with other molecules — but DeepMind restricts access to the tool.
- Ewen Callaway
US funders to tighten oversight of controversial ‘gain of function’ research
New policy on high-risk biology studies aims to address criticism that previous rules were too vague.
Argentina’s pioneering nuclear research threatened by huge budget cuts
President Javier Milei is making moves to partially privatize the sector, but in the meantime, projects have paused.
- Martín De Ambrosio
- Fermín Koop
France’s research mega-campus faces leadership crisis
The contest to elect the next president of Paris-Saclay University has collapsed, reflecting wider issues at the giant research centre.
- Barbara Casassus
Best ever clocks: breakthrough paves way for ultra-precise ‘nuclear’ timekeepers
A clock based on energy shifts in atomic nuclei could transform fundamental-physics research.
- Elizabeth Gibney
Bird flu in US cows: where will it end?
Scientists worry that the H5N1 strain of avian influenza will become endemic in cattle, which would aid its spread in people.
- Sara Reardon
How to kill the ‘zombie’ cells that make you age
Researchers are using new molecules, engineered immune cells and gene therapy to kill senescent cells and treat age-related diseases.
- Carissa Wong
Lethal AI weapons are here: how can we control them?
Autonomous weapons guided by artificial intelligence are already in use. Researchers, legal experts and ethicists are struggling with what should be allowed on the battlefield.
Books & Arts
Book review, how men evolved to care for babies — before society got in the way.
An exploration of the evolution of male nurturing shows why, unlike fathers among other great apes, human dads are biologically wired to be hands-on parents.
- Kermyt G. Anderson
Daniel Kahneman obituary: psychologist who revolutionized the way we think about thinking
Nobel prizewinner whose insights into the foibles of human decision-making launched the field of behavioural economics and sent ripples through all social sciences.
- Eldar Shafir
Neglecting sex and gender in research is a public-health risk
The data are clear: taking sex and gender into account in research and using that knowledge to change health care could benefit billions of people.
- Cheryl Carcel
- Robyn Norton
Correspondence
Inequality is bad — but that doesn’t mean the rich are.
- Henrik Ekelund
Interpersonal therapy can be an effective tool against the devastating effects of loneliness
- Myrna M. Weissman
- Jennifer J. Mootz
Standardized metadata for biological samples could unlock the potential of collections
- Vojtěch Brlík
Real-world plastic-waste success stories can help to boost global treaty
- Izni Zahidi
Scientists urged to collect royalties from the ‘magic money tree’
By joining a collecting society, researchers can ensure they are paid when copyrighted book content and papers are reproduced.
- Oscar Allan
Career Guide:
Where I Work
Why my heart beats for nigeria’s endangered bats.
Iroro Tanshi works to better understand a number of threatened species.
- Linda Nordling
News & Views
Strategic links save buildings from total collapse.
A design principle for buildings incorporates components that can control the propagation of failure by isolating parts of the structure as they fail — offering a way to prevent a partial collapse snowballing into complete destruction.
- Sarah L. Orton
Tumours form without genetic mutations
Researchers find that brief and reversible inhibition of a gene-silencing mechanism leads to irreversible tumour formation in fruit flies, challenging the idea that cancer is caused only by permanent changes to DNA.
- Anne-Kathrin Classen
Collection:
- Cancer at Nature Portfolio
Dad’s gut microbes matter for pregnancy health and baby’s growth
Altering gut bacteria in male mice revealed that microorganisms are needed for normal sperm development and offspring health. Scientists discuss the implications in terms of understanding microbes, male fertility and pregnancy.
- Liisa Veerus
- Martin J. Blaser
- Eldin Jašarević
Did atmospheric weathering help Earth’s earliest continents to survive?
What stabilized and strengthened the oldest, most robust blocks of continental crust billions of years ago during the Archaean eon has long been a mystery. It seems that a surprise helping hand might have come from the air above.
- Claire E. Bucholz
Cells destroy donated mitochondria to build blood vessels
Organelles called mitochondria are transferred to blood-vessel-forming cells by support cells. Unexpectedly, these mitochondria are degraded, kick-starting the production of new ones and boosting vessel formation.
- Chantell S. Evans
Microbubble ultrasound maps hidden signs of heart disease
Cardiovascular disease claims more lives each year than do the two next-deadliest diseases combined. An ultrasound technique that tracks tiny gas-filled bubbles could pave the way towards improved early detection.
- Elisa E. Konofagou
Decoding the interplay between genetic and non-genetic drivers of metastasis
This Review discusses the importance of genetic and non-genetic reprogramming events during the metastatic cascade.
- Panagiotis Karras
- James R. M. Black
- Jean-Christophe Marine
Refining the impact of genetic evidence on clinical success
Human genetic evidence increases the success rate of drugs from clinical development to approval but we are still far from reaching peak genetic insights to aid the discovery of targets for more effective drugs.
- Eric Vallabh Minikel
- Jeffery L. Painter
- Matthew R. Nelson
A high-density and high-confinement tokamak plasma regime for fusion energy
A stable tokamak plasma has been demonstrated with a high plasma density and a high energy confinement quality, both of which are simultaneously important for fusion reactors.
- A. M. Garofalo
- J. M. Hanson
Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose–Hubbard lattice
By emulating a 2D hard-core Bose–Hubbard lattice using a controllable 4 × 4 array of superconducting qubits, volume-law entanglement scaling as well as area-law scaling at different locations in the energy spectrum are observed.
- Amir H. Karamlou
- Ilan T. Rosen
- William D. Oliver
Fusion of deterministically generated photonic graph states
Using an optical resonator containing two individually addressable atoms in a single cavity, fusion of deterministically generated photonic graph states to create ring and tree graph states with up to eight qubits is demonstrated.
- Philip Thomas
- Leonardo Ruscio
- Gerhard Rempe
Entanglement of nanophotonic quantum memory nodes in a telecom network
Entanglement of two nanophotonic quantum network nodes is demonstrated through 40 km spools of low-loss fibre and a 35-km long fibre loop deployed in the Boston area urban environment.
- C. M. Knaut
- A. Suleymanzade
- M. D. Lukin
Creation of memory–memory entanglement in a metropolitan quantum network
A metropolitan-area quantum network based on the generation of pairwise entanglement is formed by three atomic quantum memories connected to a central photonic server.
- Jian-Long Liu
- Jian-Wei Pan
Long-range order enabled stability in quantum dot light-emitting diodes
Improving the long-range order of the quantum dots in perovskite LEDs can markedly enhance their operational stability.
- Ya-Kun Wang
- Liang-Sheng Liao
Arresting failure propagation in buildings through collapse isolation
A design approach arrests collapse propagation in buildings after major initial failures by ensuring that specific elements fail before the failure of the most important components for global stability.
- Nirvan Makoond
- Andri Setiawan
- Jose M. Adam
Regioselective hydroformylation of propene catalysed by rhodium-zeolite
Rhodium catalysts confined in zeolite pores exhibit high regioselectivity in the hydroformylation process of propene to high-value n -butanal, surpassing the performance of all heterogeneous and most homogeneous catalysts developed so far.
- Xiangjie Zhang
One-third of Southern Ocean productivity is supported by dust deposition
Nitrate observations over 11 years from autonomous biogeochemical ocean profiling combined with a Southern Hemisphere dust simulation find that iron supplied by dust supports about 30% of Southern Ocean productivity.
- Zanna Chase
- Sonya L. Fiddes
Subaerial weathering drove stabilization of continents
The geological histories of Archaean regions indicate that stabilization of the Earth’s continents and the formation of cratons was driven by continental emergence and subaerial weathering.
- Jesse R. Reimink
- Andrew J. Smye
Biogeographic response of marine plankton to Cenozoic environmental changes
Analysis of a global dataset reveals spatiotemporal patterns of marine plankton and their biogeographical responses during climatic and environmental changes across the Cenozoic era.
- Anshuman Swain
- Adam Woodhouse
- Christopher M. Lowery
Retuning of hippocampal representations during sleep
Using a Bayesian learning approach, a study tracks the spatial representations by individual hippocampal cells over time in freely moving rats, and provides insights into how ensemble patterns form and reconfigure during sleep.
- Kourosh Maboudi
- Kamran Diba
Sleep pressure modulates single-neuron synapse number in zebrafish
Synapses are gained during spontaneous or forced periods of wake and lost during sleep in a neuron-subtype-dependent manner in zebrafish.
- Anya Suppermpool
- Declan G. Lyons
- Jason Rihel
Mechanics of human embryo compaction
Using micropipette aspiration on donated human embryos, cell surface tensions during compaction were mapped, indicating a role for defective cell contractility in poor quality embryos.
- Julie Firmin
- Nicolas Ecker
- Jean-Léon Maître
Paternal microbiome perturbations impact offspring fitness
Disturbances in the gut microbiota of male mice manifest as fitness defects in their offspring by affecting plancenta function, revealing a paternal gut–germline axis.
- Ayele Argaw-Denboba
- Thomas S. B. Schmidt
- Jamie A. Hackett
Mitochondrial transfer mediates endothelial cell engraftment through mitophagy
Under stressful conditions, mesenchymal stromal cells transfer mitochondria to endothelial cells through tunnelling nanotubes, and artificially transplanting mitochondria into endothelial cells improves the ability of these cells to engraft and to revascularize ischaemic tissues.
- Ruei-Zeng Lin
- Gwang-Bum Im
- Juan M. Melero-Martin
Distal colonocytes targeted by C. rodentium recruit T-cell help for barrier defence
The murine enteropathogen Citrobacter rodentium targets a specific subset of absorptive intestinal epithelial cells in the mid–distal colon, which stimulate T cells to produce sustained IL-22 signals to mitigate further spread of the pathogen.
- Carlene L. Zindl
- C. Garrett Wilson
- Casey T. Weaver
3D genomic mapping reveals multifocality of human pancreatic precancers
Quantitative multimodal 3D reconstruction of human pancreatic tissue at single-cell resolution reveals a high burden of multifocal, genetically heterogeneous pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias in the normal adult pancreas.
- Alicia M. Braxton
- Ashley L. Kiemen
- Laura D. Wood
Transient loss of Polycomb components induces an epigenetic cancer fate
A transient perturbation of transcriptional silencing mediated by Polycomb proteins is sufficient to induce an epigenetic cancer cell fate in Drosophila in the absence of driver mutations.
- V. Loubiere
Mechanism of single-stranded DNA annealing by RAD52–RPA complex
Single-stranded DNA annealing is driven by RAD52 open rings in association with RPA.
- Chih-Chao Liang
- Luke A. Greenhough
- Stephen C. West
Structural and molecular basis of choline uptake into the brain by FLVCR2
FLVCR2 is expressed in the blood–brain barrier of mouse and human, and is the major mediator of choline uptake into the brain.
- Rosemary J. Cater
- Dibyanti Mukherjee
- Filippo Mancia
Structural basis of lipid head group entry to the Kennedy pathway by FLVCR1
A structural, biochemical and metabolomic analysis reveals the mechanistic basis for transport of extracellular choline and ethanolamine into cells by the human transport protein FLVCR1.
- Timothy C. Kenny
- Richard K. Hite
Amendments & Corrections
Author correction: targeting dcaf5 suppresses smarcb1 -mutant cancer by stabilizing swi/snf.
- Sandi Radko-Juettner
- Charles W. M. Roberts
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About Handwashing
- Many diseases and conditions are spread by not washing hands with soap and clean, running water.
- Handwashing with soap is one of the best ways to stay healthy.
- If soap and water are not readily available, use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol to clean your hands.
Why it's important
Washing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of respiratory and diarrheal infections. Germs can spread from person to person or from surfaces to people when you:
- Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands
- Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands
- Touch surfaces or objects that have germs on them
- Blow your nose, cough, or sneeze into hands and then touch other people's hands or common objects
Key times to wash hands
You can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands often, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread germs:
- Before, during, and after preparing food
- Before and after eating food
- Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick with vomiting or diarrhea
- Before and after treating a cut or wound
- After using the toilet
- After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet
- After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing
- After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste
- After handling pet food or pet treats
- After touching garbage
How it works
Washing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. Follow these five steps every time.
- Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.
- Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.
- Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds . Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.
- Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.
- Dry your hands using a clean towel or an air dryer.
Use hand sanitizer when you can't use soap and water
Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most situations. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell if the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product label.
What you can do
CDC has health promotion materials to encourage kids and adults to make handwashing part of their everyday lives.
- Share social media graphics and messages.
- Print stickers and place clings on bathroom mirrors.
- Promote handwashing on or around Global Handwashing Day , celebrated each year on October 15.
- Distribute fact sheets to share information about hand hygiene for specific audiences.
- Frequent Questions About Hand Hygiene
- Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings
- The Life is Better with Clean Hands Campaign
Clean Hands
Having clean hands is one of the best ways to avoid getting sick and prevent the spread of germs to others.
For Everyone
Health care providers.
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If the cover page template for your research paper doesn't come with a featured visual, select "Elements" on the left-hand side of the editing deck, then type "Frames" in the search box. Drag and drop your frame of choice onto the layout, and arrange its size and position. Then, insert your image of choice in it.
In APA Style (7th edition), the cover page, or title page, should include: A running head (professional papers only) and page number. The title of the paper. The name of the author (s) The institutional affiliation. An author note; optional (professional papers only) A student paper should also include course information.
The student version of the APA title page should include the following information (double spaced and centered): Paper title. Author name. Department and university name. Course number and name. Instructor name. Due date of the assignment. The professional title page also includes an author note (flushed left), but not a course name, instructor ...
Title of the paper: three to four lines down from the top of the title page, centered and in bold for APA 7 (APA 6 does not have a title in bold). Name of each author: include a double-spaced blank line between the paper title and the author names. Affiliation for each author: give the name of the institution at which the research was carried out.
The title page (or cover page) of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper should contain all the key information about your document. It usually includes: Dissertation or thesis title. Your name. The type of document (e.g., dissertation, research paper) The department and institution. The degree program (e.g., Master of Arts)
The APA title page is the first page of your academic paper that provides information on the title, author(s), professors, and institutions affiliated with your research paper. There are separate APA cover page formats for student and professional papers. An APA 7 title page consists of the following components: Student paper. Page number ...
Make a research paper cover sheet with Adobe Express. Wow your professors and keep your research paper or thesis looking sharp with a fully customizable research cover page. Choose from thousands of professional-looking, editable templates to start with, then click and drag your favorite fonts, icons, and images to make it your own.
As you create your report cover page design, you need to take into account all the branding elements including color, font, brand personality and so on. Incorporate all these elements directly into your cover page. For instance, the Content Marketing Institute designs an orange-themed report cover page year on year.
Indent the first line of every paragraph of text 0.5 in. using the tab key or the paragraph-formatting function of your word-processing program. Page numbers: Put a page number in the top right corner of every page, including the title page or cover page, which is page 1. Student papers do not require a running head on any page.
To recap, here's how to make your own report cover page in less than 60 seconds: Step 1: Sign up for a free Venngage account. Step 2: Choose a report cover page template. Step 3: Add your branding, colors, fonts, and edit the text. Step 4 (Optional): Create the rest of your report with matching report page templates.
Cover pages can include the name of your school, your paper title, your name, your course name, your teacher or professor's name, and the due date of the paper. If you are unsure of what to include, check with your instructor. Here is an example of a cover page in MLA format: For more help making cover or title pages, visit our title page ...
Follow the guidelines described next to format each element of the student title page. Place the title three to four lines down from the top of the title page. Center it and type it in bold font. Capitalize major words of the title. Place the main title and any subtitle on separate double-spaced lines if desired.
Create online Cover Pages for printing. You can enter our free graphic editor from your phone, tablet or computer. The process is 100% online, fun and intuitive. Just click on what you want to modify. Customize your cover page quickly and easily. You don't need any design skills.
The front page of your research paper should contain your full name as it is stated on all your educational certificates. That should be on the same page where you put the topic. Title Of The Research Paper. Make sure you come up with a good title for research paper and put it on the cover page along with your name.
Here are some helpful steps to follow when making a cover page for the project in Microsoft Word: First, open a new document in Microsoft Word. Click on the Insert tab to find the drop-down menu for cover page templates. From there, you can choose which template you'd like to use for your project.
The research paper template covers the following core sections: The title page/cover page. Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary) Section 1: Introduction. Section 2: Literature review. Section 3: Methodology. Section 4: Findings /results. Section 5: Discussion. Section 6: Conclusion.
Media Files: APA Sample Student Paper , APA Sample Professional Paper This resource is enhanced by Acrobat PDF files. Download the free Acrobat Reader. Note: The APA Publication Manual, 7 th Edition specifies different formatting conventions for student and professional papers (i.e., papers written for credit in a course and papers intended for scholarly publication).
A research report encompasses the outcomes of scientific research conducted by scientists, and engineers and conveys its results to the targeted audience. These researches can be surveys or any form of qualitative methods or they may focus on currency, geographic area, commodity, or an industry sector. Generally, the research report covers a ...
Printing report cover pages for physical copies or presenting digital versions requires careful attention to detail. Follow these best practices to ensure professional results: Printing Physical Copies: Choose the right paper size: Use standard sizes like letter (8.5″ x 11″) or A4 for compatibility.
619.70 KB. This is the front page of research work widely known as the thesis. It is written by a student who is undergoing any degree program and duly submitted to the teacher after completion. This covers the following areas: Name of student. Name of university. The title of research done. Name of professor. Due date of the paper.
5. Research Report. Sometimes if you need to do some in-depth research, the best way to present that information is with a research report. Whether it's scientific findings, data and statistics from a study, etc., a research report is a great way to share your results. For the visuals in your research report, Visme offers millions of free stock ...
The cover shows the aftermath of the collapse of a nine-storey building in Guiyang, China, in 2015. ... If Europe wants to create a high-risk, high-reward research body, it needs grass-roots backing.
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