sri lanka national flag essay

Sri Lanka National Flag :  Everything You Need to know About it

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Do you know the history behind Sri Lanka’s national flag? The flag symbolises national pride and unity for Sri Lankans, and its design has a fascinating story behind it. In this blog post, we’ll explore the history of the Sri Lankan flag and its significance to the country.

What is the National Flag of Sri Lanka

The National Flag of Sri Lanka is a yellow and orange flag divided into two parts. On the left are two strips of orange and green, representing the country’s two most significant minorities: the Tamils and the Muslims. In the centre of the flag is a lion holding a sword, representing the majority Sinhala race. The four corners feature Bo leaves, which represent courage and strength. The flag was officially adopted in 1978 and has become a symbol of Sri Lankan unity and national pride. It is often seen in public places, flown by government buildings, and displayed in homes throughout the country.

The History of Sri Lanka’s National Flag

The Sri Lankan National Flag is a significant symbol of the country’s history and heritage . It has been in use since the reign of King Vijaya in the 5th century BC. Over the centuries, it has become a symbol of freedom and independence for the Sri Lankan people. In 1948, a National Flag Committee was established to design a new flag representing all Sri Lankans. The committee proposed a design featuring a lion holding a sword and two vertical stripes of green and orange at the hoist. This design was officially adopted on December 17, 1978 and continues to be used today as the nation’s official flag.

Who designed Sri Lankan Flag

The design of the Sri Lanka National Flag we know today was proposed in 1948 by A. Sinnalebbe . A picture of the civil standard of the last King of Sri Lanka, Sri Wickrama Rajasingha , inspired the flag. It featured a lion holding a sword, lotus leaves and two vertical stripes in orange and green representing the Hindus and Muslims on the island. The flag was officially adopted on December 17, 1978. The lion is thought to have first appeared when King Vijaya arrived in Sri Lanka from India and has been used as a symbol of strength ever since.

The Sri Lanka Flag Background Texture

The Sri Lanka flag background texture is an integral part of the national flag design and has a long history. It was first adopted in 1948 when the National Flag Committee decided to use a silk fabric with a red and yellow background. This background was chosen because it symbolised strength and unity, both essential values for Sri Lankans. The material also represented the traditional craftsmanship of Sri Lanka and its rich cultural heritage. The fabric was later updated in 1972 when the government adopted the official flag. Today, the Sri Lanka flag background texture features a navy blue shade to represent the country’s sovereignty, with the lion and sword remaining in gold.

The Meaning of the Colors in the Flag

The colour of the Sri Lankan flag is symbolic and has a deep meaning. The yellow background of the flag represents the country’s culture, while the bold red stripe on the hoist side symbolises the blood of those who have given their lives for freedom and justice. The two vertical stripes are green and orange, representing the minority Muslim and Hindu Tamil communities. The yellow colour is also said to symbolise the four virtues of kindness, compassion, joy and equanimity. Finally, the lion holding a sword in the centre of the flagsymbolises bravery and courage. It also stands for power, justice and sovereignty.

Why is the lion holding a sword in Sri Lanka Flag?

The lion and sword on the flag are two of the most iconic symbols in Sri Lankan culture. The lion represents the country’s strength and courage, while the sword symbolises its sovereignty. According to legend, when King Vijaya arrived in Sri Lanka from India in the 5th century BC, he brought a stylised lion holding a sword in its right paw. This symbol was used extensively by monarchs who followed King Vijaya, and it became a symbol of freedom and hope. The sword of the lion represents the sovereignty of the nation, while the curly hair on the head stands for religious observance, wisdom and meditation. The nose of the lion stands for intelligence, and its two front paws for purity in handling wealth. The sword’s handle also has symbolism; it is said to represent the elements of water, fire, air and earth.

The Representation of Minorities in the Flag

The Sri Lanka National Flag has a complex history and symbolism. The two primarycolours of the flag, green and orange, represent the two main minority groups in the country, Tamils and Muslims. The vertical yellow border separating the green and orange symbolises the separation between the Sinhala majority and the two minorities. The National Flag Committee of 1948 was formed to create an integrated flag to bring all communities together, and in 1972 the official flag was adopted. The symbolism of the lion and sword further highlights the importance of getting all communities together, unifying them under one banner. The flag has been a source of unity in Sri Lanka, representing minorities while also representing the majority Sinhala population.

The Meaning Behind the Design

The design of the Sri Lankan national flag was carefully considered during the National Flag Committee of 1948. The committee eventually settled on a design featuring two vertical stripes of orange and green, a lion at the centre, and four Bo leaves at the corner. The orange and green stripes represent the two major ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, the Tamils and the Sinhala. The lion represents the Sinhala race, which is known for its courage and strength and reflects the country’s ancient history of powerful rulers. The four Bo leaves represent the four virtues of kindness, compassion, joy, and equanimity. The sword held by the lion symbolises the country’s sovereignty and the power to defend it. Together, these elements combine to create a powerful symbol of unity, representing all the people of Sri Lanka regardless of their ethnic or religious backgrounds.

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My Country English essay

My country is Sri Lanka. It is a small island in the Indian Ocean. This is an agricultural country. Most of the people are farmers.

Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte is the capital of Sri Lanka. The population of my country is about twenty million. There are several communities in Sri Lanka. They are the Sinhalese, the Tamils, the Muslims and the Burghers.

Piduruthalagala is the highest mountain and Mahaweli is the longest river in Sri Lanka. We gained independence in 1948. My country is a Republic today. Our national anthem is ‘Sri Lanka Matha’. The official languages in Sri Lanka are Sinhala, Tamil and English.

Our national flag is called the Lion Flag. Our national flower is the Blue Water Lily, our national tree is the Na tree, the national bird is the Jungle Fowl, the national animal is the Giant Squirrel and our national sport is Volleyball. But Sri Lanka is famous for Cricket. The world’s best team comes from Sri Lanka.

There are many tourist attractions in my country. Waterfalls, sanctuaries, botanical gardens and sandy beaches are some of them. I love my country very much.

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Flags, Symbols, & Currencies of Sri Lanka

The current flag of Sri Lanka was officially adopted on May 22, 1972, although it had been in use since the 1950’s. Its design consists of a golden yellow background, which holds two images. The first images, located on the hoist side of the flag, is made up of two equal vertical stripes of dark turquoise green color on the left and orange color on the right. Together, these stripes take up approximately one-third of the available flag space. The remaining two-thirds of the flag is occupied by a maroon-colored rectangle, which holds the image of a golden lion. This lion is facing left and holding a small, ceremonial sword in its right, front paw. Each corner of the maroon rectangle is marked by a golden yellow leaf. In any size, the flag of Sri Lanka is represented by a height to width ratio of 1:2.

Each of the images and colors on the flag of Sri Lanka has a special symbolic meaning for the country. The two stripes on the left hand side represent the two major minority groups living in Sri Lanka: Moors (green) and Tamils (orange). The dark turquoise green color stands for the Muslim population. The golden yellow background represents the smaller minority populations also living in this country. The lion situated on the right hand side represents the Sinhalese people, who make up around three-quarters of the population of Sri Lanka. The four bo leaves - symbolizing Buddhism and its influence on the country - stand for the four virtues of kindness, friendliness, happiness, and equanimity. Additionally, the 8 curling hairs on the tail of the lion represent the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhism. The sword is a symbol of the autonomy of Sri Lanka. Finally, the maroon background stands for the many minority religions that are also practiced in this country.

History of the Flag of Sri Lanka

Throughout history, Sri Lanka has had a number of different flag designs. Prior to the colonial era, Sri Lanka was divided into several kingdoms. The Kingdom of Kandy, located in the central and eastern areas of the island was one of the largest of these islands. From 1798 to 1815, this kingdom utilized the same golden yellow background with maroon rectangle and sword-holding lion that is seen on the current flag design. The only difference between this image and that of the present-day flag was seen on the maroon rectangle, which was bordered by a black line. Under British colonial rule, between 1815 and 1948, the flag of this island had a solid blue background with a small Union Jack symbol in its upper left hand corner. In its right half was situated a circular image that held a monument and an elephant. Sri Lanka reverted back to the lion-only flag from 1948 to 1951, with slight changes to the image style.

Historical Flags of Sri Lanka

Flag of the british ceylon.

Flag of Dominion of Ceylon

Flag of Dominion of Ceylon (Republic)

Symbols of Sri Lanka

National coat of arms of sri lanka.

The national emblem of Sri Lanka was adopted in 1972. It features a golden lion in the center, surrounded by petals of gold representing the Blue Lotus flower. The base of the emblem is a traditional grain vase with sprouting sheaves of rice. Sinhalese heraldic symbols of the sun and moon flank either side of the vase. At the top of the emblem is the crest of the Dharmacakra, representing Buddhism.

National Anthem

• Anthem Title: Sri Lanka Matha ("Mother Sri Lanka")
• Music composer and Lyricist: Ananda Samarakoon
• Date of Adoption: 1951

Sri Lanka Matha is the national anthem of Sri Lanka. It was first performed in February 1949 during an official ceremony at the Independence Memorial Hall. The lyrics and music to the song were written by Ananda Samarakoon, with the original song titled "Namo Namo Matha" (Salute! Salute! Motherland). However, other sources indicate that the song writer and composer was Rabindranath Tagore, while some people believe Samarakoon wrote the lyrics and Tagore set them to music. 

In 1950, the government of Sri Lanka set up a committee to pick the Sri Lanka's national anthem. After listening to several songs, the committee settled on Namo Namo Matha and made several minor changes before endorsing it as the proposed anthem in 1951. In 1960, the first line of the anthem was changed from " Namo Namo Matha, Apa Sri Lanka " to the current " Sri Lanka Matha, Apa Sri Lanka " against the Samarakoon's wishes. Samarakoon ended up committing suicide in April 1962, citing the anthem's mutilation as the reason for his action

ශ්‍රී ලංකා මාතා/Sri Lanka Matha (Sinhala)

ශ්‍රී ලංකා මාතා

අප ශ්‍රී..... ලංකා නමෝ නමෝ

නමෝ නමෝ මාතා

සුන්දර සිරිබරිනී සුරැඳි අති

සෝබමාන ලංකා

ධාන්‍ය ධනය නෙක මල් පලතුරු

පිරි ජය භුමිය රම්‍යා

අප හට සැප සිරි සෙත සදනා

ජීවනයේ මාතා

පිළිගනු මැන අප භක්තී පූජා

ඔබ වේ අප විද්‍

ඔබ මය අප සත්‍යා

ඔබ වේ අප ශක්ති

අප හද තුළ භක්තී

ඔබ අප ආලෝකේ

අපගේ අනුප්‍රාණේ

ඔබ අප ජීවන වේ

අප මුක්තිය ඔබ වේ

නව ජීවන දෙමිනේ නිතින අප

පුබුදු කරන් මාතා

ඥාන වීර්ය වඩවමින රැගෙන

යනු මැන ජය භූමී කරා

එක මවකගෙ දරු කැල

යමු යමු වී නොපමා

ප්‍රේම වඩා සැම භේද දුරැර දා

Mother Sri Lanka

Thou Mother Lanka,

Oh Mother Lanka we salute,

salute, salute, salute Thee!

Plenteous in prosperity, Thou,

Beauteous in grace and love,

Laden with grain and luscious fruit,

And fragrant flowers of radiant hue,

Giver of life and all good things,

Our land of joy and victory,

Receive our grateful praise

sublime, we worship, worship Thee.

Oh Mother Lanka! We salute,

Thou gavest us Knowledge and

Thou art our strength and

inward faith,

Our light divine and sentient

Breath of life and liberation.

Grant us, bondage free,

inspiration.

Inspire us for ever.

In wisdom and strength

Ill-will, hatred, strife all ended,

In love enfolded, a mighty nation

Marching onward, all as one,

Lead us, Mother, to fullest

freedom, we worship, worship Thee

The Currency of Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan Rupee

The currency in Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan Rupee which has a sign of Rs and a currency code LKR. One Sri Lankan Rupee comprises 100 cents. Sometimes, 'Rp' and 'SLR' are used as currency symbol and abbreviation.

Banknotes and Coins

The currently circulating banknotes are of nine denominations. These are, Rs10, Rs20, Rs50, Rs100, Rs200, Rs500, Rs1,000, Rs2,000, and Rs5,000. All banknotes are made up of 100% cotton pulp except for the Rs200 note which was printed on a polymer substance. This note was issued to observe the 50th anniversary of country’s independence (1948–1998).

The CBSL has so far issued eleven series of currency notes. The first note series was King George VI series and it had only two denominations (Rs1 and Rs10). The Queen Elizabeth II series was the second note series. Development, Prosperity, and Sri Lankan Dancers form themes of the eleventh series of the banknotes.

Sri Lanka used the British issued notes until 1951 and the British issued coins until 1963. The first homegrown coins began circulating in 1963. These coins had the Emblem of Ceylon on the obverse (front side). This series had seven coin denominations of Cts1, Cts2, Cts5, Cts10, Cts25, Cts50, and Rs1. The Rs2 and Rs5 denominated coins were introduced in 1984. On November 17, 2014, the CBSL issued a new series of Rs10 denominated coins to represent the twenty five districts of Sri Lanka. These coins featured one or more distinctive archaeological, cultural, economic, environmental, religious, or social characteristics of each of Sri Lanka’s twenty five districts. The designs of these coins were selected by a nationwide competition called "Design and Shine".

Sri Lankan rupee Banknote

Sri Lankan rupee Coin

Historical Currencies of Sri Lanka

The first paper currency was introduced in Sri Lanka during the Dutch period (1640 AD - 1796 AD). It was known as Kredit Brieven or Kas-nooten. Some of the ancient coins and notes prevalent in Sri Lanka were Kahapana (punch marked coins), Lakshmi Plaques, Mane less Lion coins, Kahavanu or Lankeshvara coin, Swastika coins, and Massa coins. Foreign coins mostly of Greek, Roman, Chinese, Arabic, and Indian origin found presence in Sri Lanka during the ancient times. During the colonial period, Portuguese, Dutch, and British all brought their coins and currencies to Sri Lanka.

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Flag of Sri Lanka

The "Lion Flag" of Sri Lanka was adopted in 1948, but it was used as a symbol of justice for a long time before. Its main motive is yellow lion on a red field holding a sword as a symbol of power. Green and red stripes were added to the left part of the flag after 1815 and these stripes are intended to symbolize Hindu Tamils and Muslim Maurs minorities living on the island beside the Sinhalese majority. Moreover, after renaming in 1972 from Ceylon to Sri Lanka, four yellow leaves were added to the lion´s field. Each leaf should remind one of the Buddhist values - kindness, compassion and desire to be a benefit for the society, joy, peace and well-balanced mind.

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When Vijaya, the first King of the island of Sri Lanka, arrived in Sri Lanka from India in 486 BC, he brought with him a flag with a symbol of a lion on it. Since then the Lion symbol played a significant role in the history of Sri Lanka. It was used extensively by monarchs [...]

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The Sri Lankan National Flag

When Vijaya, the first King of the island of Sri Lanka, arrived in Sri Lanka from India in 486 BC, he brought with him a flag with a symbol of a lion on it. Since then the Lion symbol played a significant role in the history of Sri Lanka.

The Flag as of today – pinnacles replaced by Bo leaves

It was used extensively by monarchs who followed King Vijaya and it became a symbol of freedom and hope. When the legendary King Dutugemunu embarked on the campaign in which he defeated the Tamil King Elara, who had occupied part of Sri Lanka, he carried with him a banner which portrayed a lion carrying a sword on his right forepaw along with two other symbols, the Sun and the Moon.

The banner was in use until 1815, when the reign of the last king of the Kandyan Kingdom, King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha, was brought to an end with the Kandyan nobility’s signing of the Kandyan Convention on March 2, proclaiming King George III as King of Ceylon and replacing the Lion Flag with the Union Flag as the national flag of Ceylon.

The government of British Ceylon used its own flag. The Lion Flag was taken to England and kept at the Royal Hospital Chelsea. As the years passed, the design of the flag was forgotten by the Sri Lankan public.

Then, as the independence movement in Sri Lanka gained strength in the early 20th century, E. W. Perera, a prominent figure of the independence movement with the help of D. R. Wijewardene, owner of the Sinhala newspaper ‘Dinamina’ discovered the original Lion Flag kept at the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, UK.

A picture of it was subsequently published in a special edition of the Dinamina newspaper to mark 100 years since the end of Sri Lankan independence. The Lion Flag then became a centrepiece of attraction to the public, who for the first time since the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom were now aware of its actual design.

The first Prime Minister of independent Ceylon Hon. D. S. Senanayake, hoisted the Lion Flag at the ceremony on February 4, 1948. This flag depicted a yellow lion holding a sword in the right hand, facing the hoist, on a dark red background, with a yellow border, with four pinnacles of a Buddhist dagaba in the four corners.

Flag of the Kandyan Kingdom (1469 – 1815)

The National Flag Committee was formed in March 1948 and on March 2, 1951, the Lion Flag was accepted, with a few changes as the country’s National Flag. Two vertical bands, one green and the other orange, were included in the flag to represent the Muslim and Tamil communities respectively.

Finally in 1972, when the country adopted the local name of Sri Lanka, the flag was modified once more, with four stylized leaves of the Bo (Pipul) tree, a Buddhist symbol, added to the four corners to replace the four pinnacles. In 1978, the leaves were made more natural.

Symbolism of the Lion Flag The lion: The Sinhalese ethnicity and the strength of the nation The Bo leaves: Buddhism and its influence on the nation. They also stand for the four virtues of Kindness (Mettha), Compassion (Karuna), Equanimity (Upeksha) and (Muditha) Happiness Sword: The sovereignty of the nation Vertical Orange stripe: The Tamil community Vertical green stripe: The Muslim community Yellow border: People from other cultures living in Sri Lanka

Bands of green and orange added in 1951

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National Flag

Sri Lanka National Flag is an improvisation of the civil standard of the last king of Sri Lanka, Sri Wickrama Rajasingha.

The civil standard had a passant royal lion with a sword in it’s right fore paw at the center, and a bo-leaf on each of the four corners on a plain border.

When Sri Lanka gained her independence from Great Britain on February 04, 1948, it was the lion flag of the last king of Sri Lanka was hoisted once again.

The first Prime Minister of independent Sri Lanka, D.S.Senanayake, appointed a committee to advice the government on the design of a new national flag. The design approved by the committee in February 1950 retained the symbol of the lion with the sword and the bo-leaves from the civil standard of the last king of Sri Lanka, with the inclusion of two vertical stripes green and orange in color.

The significance of each symbol of the national flag is as follows:

• The lion in the flag represents the Sinhala race.
• The sword of the lion represents the sovereignty of the country.
• Curly hair on the lion’s head indicates religious observance, wisdom and meditation.
• The beard denotes purity of words.
• The handle of the sword highlights the elements of water, fire, air and earth.
• The nose indicates intelligence.
• The two front paws purport to purity in handling wealth.
• The vertical stripe of orange represent the minority Tamil race and the green vertical stripe the minority Muslim race.
• The four virtues of kindness: KINDNESS, FRIENDLINESS, HAPPINESS, EQUANIMITY are also represented in the flag.
• The border round the flag, which is yellow in color, represents other minor races.
• The bo-leaves at the four corners of the flag represent Buddhism and it’s influence on the nation. They also stand for the four virtues - Kindness, Friendliness, Happiness and Equanimity.
• The maroon colored portion of the flag manifests the other minor religions.

The national flag was hoisted for the first time on March 3, 1950.

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National Symbols of Sri Lanka

Last updated on April 13th, 2024 by Editorial Staff

• Introduction
• Country Information

Coat of arms

• Country motto
• National animal
• National flower
• National bird
• Rest of national symbols
• State symbols
• Neighbouring countries
• Proverbs & sayings
• Compare with other countries

By Naeem Noor | Updated on April 13, 2024

Reviewed by Rittika

Sri Lanka is a country located in South Asia, just north of the equator and south of India. The official name of the State is the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official capital and the largest city and commercial capital of the island is Colombo. Colombo is the largest industrial, business, and cultural center of the country.

The population of Sri Lanka is more than 20 million people. About 70% of the population are Sinhalese (they mainly practice Buddhism), 15% are Tamils (adherents of Hinduism ), and just over 5% are Moors and Malays (Muslims).

The official language of Sri Lanka is Sinhala, an Indo-Arabian language group. The main religion of the majority of Sinhalese is Buddhism, while the Tamils are Hindu. In addition, Christianity and Islam are professed. The domain is .lk and the country code is +94. The currency of the Republic of Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan rupee.

The national symbols of Sri Lanka are the National Anthem of Sri Lanka “Sri Lanka Matha”, the flag, the emblem, the blue water lily, and the Sri Lankan jungle bird.

The Sri Lankan Jungle Bird is one of the national symbols of Sri Lanka . The colorful bird is endemic to Sri Lanka and is commonly found in national parks, jungles, and dense thickets. Volleyball was officially recognized as the national sport of Sri Lanka in 1991. The sport was introduced to Sri Lanka in 1916. However, it is believed that the Sri Lankans were engaged in this sport before its appearance.

Rice with curry is considered a national dish in Sri Lanka. The dish is made from rice with various vegetable and /or meat curry dishes.

–  Further information regarding the symbols and knowledge of Sri Lanka can be found in the table of contents  –

As a graduate in Modern Literature, my fascination with symbolism, especially the symbolism of nations, drives my work at SymbolHunt. Through my articles, I passionately delve into the hidden meanings behind national emblems and motifs. Drawing on my expertise in language and culture, I invite readers to join me on a journey of exploration into the rich tapestry of symbolism that defines our world, fostering a deeper appreciation for our shared cultural heritage.

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Country information

Flag map of Sri Lanka

Motto of Sri Lanka

No official motto

National animal of Sri Lanka

The National animal of Sri Lanka is Lion

National flower of Sri Lanka

The National flower of Sri Lanka is Water lily . Botanical name is Nymphaeaceae.

National bird of Sri Lanka

The National bird of Sri Lanka is Sri Lankan junglefowl

Rest of the National symbols of Sri Lanka 👇

State symbols of Sri Lanka

Neighbouring countries of Sri Lanka

Sri Lankan Proverbs - Popular quotes, proverbs and sayings.

Compare sri lanka with other countries, compare sri lanka with its neighbours.

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