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From idea to execution: 10 sections to include in your hotel business plan

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By Lana Cook

Do you love connecting with people from all over the world who share your passion for travel? Don’t want to work a typical 9-5 job and instead want to build a business where every day is different, and you own your schedule?

Starting a hotel business is a dream many entrepreneurs have, but it can be a daunting venture to start. A hotel business plan is a critical first step for business owners to turn their dreams into reality. A strategic plan allows one to study the hotel industry, identify their hotel’s unique point of view, and outline how exactly they will reach their goals.

Read on to learn more about the ten sections to include in your hotel business plan, tips for creating an effective plan, and key things you need to start your new hotel business.

Ready to get started creating your plan? Download our hotel business plan template.

What is a hotel business plan?

A hotel business plan is a detailed document that identifies your business’s goals, objectives, and strategies for success. It includes market research and a roadmap for building and operating your business.

Why do you need a hotel business plan?

Studies show that entrepreneurs who finished their business plan were twice as likely to succeed in growing their business than those with no plan. A hotel business plan:

• Helps you identify whether you have a viable business idea
• Provides a detailed roadmap on what you need to accomplish and why
• Gives potential investors insight into your business idea and confidence that you can be successful
• Keeps you on track as you start to execute the different tactics outlined in your plan
• Identifies critical milestones for you and your team to reach

Your plan does not have to be static and should change over time as your business grows and evolves. Your first draft is a starting point to help guide your strategy and instill confidence in potential investors.

10 sections to include in your hotel business plan

Whether you’re starting a small boutique hotel, a cozy B&B, or a 5-star resort, you will need to address the following sections in your hotel business plan.

1. Executive summary

An executive summary is the most essential part of your business plan. It should concisely explain the purpose of your business and why it will be a success.

Include your mission statement explaining why your hotel exists and its overall goal. For example, Capella Hotels & Resorts ’ mission is to combine tradition, discovery, individuality, and twist of the unexpected to create the perfect stay for each guest.

You should also include your vision statement that clearly describes your hotel’s purpose for being in a single sentence. For Capella Hotels, its vision is to embody excellence in the craft of hospitality.

We recommend writing your executive summary as the final stage, as it should summarize the goals and objectives laid out in your plan.

2. Company analysis

Your company analysis is where you can dive into your hotel’s competitive advantage. Ask yourself what makes your hotel unique . Why would guests want to stay with you instead of your competitors?

In this section, identify your brand’s identity and the goals and objectives you want to accomplish. Outline how many rooms and room categories your property will have. For example, will you offer a hybrid hospitality model with dorms, single rooms, and suites? Explain what ancillary revenue sources you’ll offer, like in-room food and beverage options, welcome drinks, or airport shuttles.

Use storytelling to communicate your excitement and passion and make it clear what your hotel will bring to the hospitality industry that hasn’t been done before.

3. Industry analysis

As a business owner, you must be prepared for forces outside your control. You will need to conduct a market analysis that looks at the hospitality industry to identify micro and macro trends that may impact your business. Look at:

• Economic trends
• Environmental trends
• Political trends
• Global health trends
• Technology trends

For each trend, identify how it will impact your business and ways to mitigate risk or take advantage of opportunities.

For example, digital check-in technology has increased across the hotel industry with the rise of tech-savvy guests, new innovative software providers, and labor challenges. Therefore, consider what guest experience solution you’ll include at your hotel.

In addition to trends, look at the history of the hospitality industry, its current size, and how it’s expected to grow in the short and long term. This research will impact the rest of your plan, especially your marketing and financials.

4. Customer analysis

What type of hotel guests do you want to attract? It’s impossible to please every kind of guest, which is why it’s important to identify your target market . Once you know who you want to stay at your property, you can develop amenities, services, and marketing materials to attract these guests and deliver exceptional experiences .

Ask yourself:

• What type of guests do I want? Business or leisure travelers? Retirees or Gen-Z?
• What demographics? Age, gender, marital status, etc.
• What are my target market’s interests? Water sports, hiking, relaxation, museums, etc.
• What does my target market value? Sustainability, contactless technology, personalized service, localized experiences, etc.

This section will help you formulate the guest experience to ensure that expectations meet reality .

5. Competitive analysis

The competition you face will vary depending on where your hotel is located. In this section, you should conduct in-depth competitor research to understand how your hotel will compare. Identify your five major competitors — ideally, three direct competitors you will be competing with upon opening and two aspirational competitors you can emulate as you grow your business.

Conduct a SWOT analysis based on your competitors to look at:

• Strengths . Where does your property excel in comparison to competitors? Why would travelers pick you? Price, amenities, location, technology, etc.
• Weaknesses . Where does your property fall short in comparison to competitors? Price, amenities, location, technology, etc.
• Opportunities . What industry trends can you take advantage of? What local events or partnerships can you capitalize on?
• Threats . What are the biggest threats facing your property? War, travel restrictions, recession, etc.

A thorough analysis can help solidify your competitive advantage and develop a contingency plan for how you will deal with your weaknesses and threats.

6. Marketing plan

Without demand, there is no business. A hotel marketing plan outlines the channels you’ll use to reach your target audience to drive bookings. Your marketing strategy should include three key channels:

1) Paid media . Paid advertising to promote your property and drive bookings. This includes online travel agencies (OTAs) , search engine marketing (SEM), retargeting, and metasearch advertising.

2) Owned media. The content  you create, like your hotel website , social media channels, blog posts, and SEO.

3) Earned media. User-generated content created by third parties like media coverage or online reviews.

7. Operations plan

How do you plan to run your day-to-day operations? This section of your plan will outline all of the key tasks and responsibilities of your team and what exactly your hotel will offer. Consider:

• The number of staff and supervisors required
• Job descriptions and responsibilities
• Your service standards (check out our downloadable SOPs for some inspiration)
• How you’ll manage your inventory
• What hotel technology solutions will you need? PMS, channel manager, booking engine, payment terminal, revenue management tools, guest engagement software, etc.
• What services and amenities do you want to offer? Room service, bar, restaurant, pool, spa, wellness center, etc. 

Detail your short and long-term operational plans and the stakeholders involved for each area.

8. Management team

Whether or not you’ve hired your team yet, this is one of the most important sections potential investors will look at. Make sure to outline the key personnel you will require and their roles. 

In general, these are the following roles you’ll want to outline:

• Hotel management (general manager, front office manager, housekeeping manager, maintenance manager, revenue manager)
• Hotel sales team
• Housekeeping staff
• Front office staff
• Maintenance

Depending on the size of your hotel, your team will vary. Identify the team members you need to open and your hiring plans over the next five years.

9. Strategic plan

Hoteliers must be strategic in optimizing occupancy rates across seasons to maintain revenue. As part of your strategic plan, identify how you will manage:

• Pricing – what room types will you offer, and how will the pricing vary?
• How will you maintain consistent occupancy throughout the high and low seasons? Will you adapt your pricing and marketing strategies?
• How will you conduct revenue management ? What type of rules/alerts will you use to adjust rates? Will you use technology to help with revenue management?
• What will your online reputation management strategy be? How will you collect and respond to online reviews?
• What will your distribution mix look like? How will you drive reservations across a variety of channels?

10. Financial plan

Your financial projections are the most challenging but arguably the most crucial part of your hotel business plan. In this section, you should include the following:

• Start-up costs. How much money will you need from lenders to operate your hotel? Consider business licenses, furniture, down payments, etc.
• Operating costs . How much money will you need to keep your business running? Consider staffing costs, guest acquisition costs, mortgage payments, utilities, SaaS payments, etc.
• Income statement . What will your revenue, expenses, and profit be over the first 3-5 years of business?
• Cash flow projections . How will cash flow in and out of your business? Show what capital investment you’ll need to start.
• Balance sheet . Identify your assets, liabilities, and equity.

If you’re looking for a potential investor, your financial plan will be the section they care about most. Here, you must prove how your business will provide a return on investment. Don’t forget to include an Appendix that shows more detailed reporting and financial figures.

8 tips for creating an effective plan

1. Start with the section that excites you the most! Covering all the topics outlined above can feel overwhelming, so don’t feel pressured to go in order.

2. Reach out to a business owner you admire. No matter what type of business you’re starting, getting advice from another business owner is always helpful. Reach out to a successful local business owner to see if they’d be willing to share some insights they learned along the way.

3. Be concise. While there’s a lot to cover, you must be concise in each section of your plan. Include any additional research or documentation in the appendix to keep your business plan clean.

4. Try to avoid industry jargon. Depending on what type of investor is reading your plan, they may find jargon irrelevant and distracting.

5. Ensure you have a clear competitive advantage. You should be able to state in one sentence what makes your property unique. This unique selling point (USP) will be prominent in all of your marketing materials.

6. Set SMART goals. Setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals is important to stay organized and on track to reach milestones.

7. Don’t forget about your plan. You will have spent hours developing your plan, so make sure you use it! Reference your plan as you build and grow your business , and remember that it’s ok if things change.

8. Illustrate your passion. Communicate why you want to be a part of the hospitality industry. Passion is contagious and gives investors more confidence that you will work hard to achieve your dreams.

What do you need to start a hotel business?

Ok, so you’ve read through this article and are now wondering — what’s next? Ensure you have the following items on your radar to start your business.

• A vision. Know exactly what kind of business you want to build (a quaint bed and breakfast is very different from a large-scale resort).
• A business plan. Stay on track with a well-developed business plan.
• A location. Decide if you want to build a new property or renovate an existing hotel.
• Capital. Do you need to raise an upfront capital investment? Remember that new businesses usually aren’t profitable for the first few years and will need cash flow to pay for expenses.
• Business licenses & permits. Depending on the type of property and its services, you’ll need an occupancy permit, alcohol license, food service license, sales tax license, etc.
• Technology. Choose technology to help streamline operations and earn more revenue.
• Furniture & equipment. You must furnish your property with the proper furniture, electronics, appliances, etc.
• Staff. Take time hiring staff you can trust and who understand your hotel’s brand and vision.

Final thoughts

Your business plan provides the foundation for your new business and outlines the next steps in the journey. Ensure you fully understand the market and competitive landscape to enter the industry prepared for the future. Start slow and invest in the right people and technology to support the growth of your business.

Looking to start a hotel? Download the technology guide. Download now

About Lana Cook

Lana Cook is a Content Writer at Cloudbeds where she is able to combine her love of writing and passion for travel. She has spent the last few years writing about all things technology and the ways in which it can be used to help businesses thrive. When she’s not busy writing, you can find her checking out the latest movie or searching for a new TV show to binge.

Hotel business plan

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Hotel Business Plan

OK, so you have decided to realize your dream and open your own hotel business . You have thought out an amazing concept delivering unparalleled guest service. The next step would be to write a hotel business plan. It’s like a road map to the opening. However, as a seasoned hotel revenue management consulting and hotel management company , we have seen that this is where most entrepreneurs get stuck.

Why? Many do not have the time and don’t know what to write or how to do the financials. But until you finish your business plan, you will not be able to get the financing either. So you end up with ideas sitting in your head not realizing your dream.

Really it is not that difficult to make a good hotel business plan. It is merely a structured summary of your idea. Most people try to include everything about their hotel concept in the plan. This leads to an indigestible super novel-like bookwork, aka a mess.

The key is, knowing what to include, and what not to include in your hotel business plan. Create a clear road map for success. Excite investors rather than bore them to death like most business plans full of redundant information do. And you need to lead readers down the exact path you want.

One of the main challenges for example is that after reading the first page most businesses often don’t fully understand what the hotel is all about. For investors and lenders, it is crucial they can quickly comprehend your plan, without reading the whole document.

Hotels 101: The Basics of Business Planning

We have put together a hotel business plan template to help you on your way. Check out our approach based on 10 critical points, being:

• Executive Summary
• Company Analysis
• Industry Analysis
• Customer Analysis
• Competitive Analysis
• Strategic Plan
• Operations Plan
• Management Team
• Financial Plan
• Key Milestones

Steps of your Hotel Business Plan

Let’s dive into the step-by-step checklist of what your hotel business plan should look like.

Infographic by Xotels

1. Executive Summary

This first part should consist of two main parts, being:

• Mission Statement (Introduction): a 1 line company description only the essence of your hotel (not 2 lines or a paragraph). It explains why you are in business or which huge need you are solving, that currently is not being met. For example in the case of Qbic Hotels “Moving modular hotels into under-utilized real-estate to reduce build-out cost and time.” 
• Objectives : What do you hope to accomplish (i.e. “Reach an annual occupancy of 90%”).

 2. Company Analysis

More detailed information on the USPs (unique selling points) of your hotel concept.

3. Industry Analysis

Information on the current industry trends and the current state of the market and how this will impact your hotel. This is needed as investors want to be sure you really understand the hotel industry. This acts as the foundation on which decisions such as trends and developments to follow will be based.  

Streamline Your Hotel Operations

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4. Customer Analysis

In-depth information on your target market, including geographic, demographic, socioeconomic, psychographic, and behavioural segmentation details. It can also help you to keep up to date with the latest hotel marketing trends to understand which are the types of guests who will be staying at your hotel. Explain which features will be meeting the needs and wants of these main segments when thinking of:

Basically, how will consumers answer this question ‘Why my hotel?’

Aim to break it up to the point value can be easily communicated (do not make it too overcomplicated). Think of the following examples:

• Psychographics: interests, lifestyles, personality, values, opinions, and attitudes
• Behavioural segmentation: purchasing behaviour, level of engagement, customer loyalty
• Demographics: gender, age, marital status and education
• Geographics: location (country, state, region, city)
• Socio-economics

Any of the above examples of hotel segmentation can, if described well, be of great value to your business plan. An example of this could be a hotel located in a beach town, where you should be able to describe how demographics and psychographics differ from summer to winter time. Especially, since this example is typically known for lower demand in winter which you could be compensating for with the right hotel marketing strategies on hand.

5. Competitive Analysis

A study of your local competition or global concept competitors, with each of their strengths, weaknesses, occupancy rates and market share ( SWOT analysis ). And don’t forget the most important part; what differentiates you from them. What makes you stand out?

Ask yourself: “can I add value to a specific area”, especially when it comes to hotel-dense areas like city centres or major destinations.

6. Strategic Plan

This exists of 3 parts:

• Marketing : How exactly will you attract customers/guests? How will you position yourself? What will your message be to the different segments of your business mix? How will your direct marketing work? What will be the plan for your hotel website, SEO, SEM and SMM? Will you do offline promotion? In short, your hotel marketing strategy should cover everything there is to know about how to market your hotel.
• Distribution : Which 3rd party channels will you use and how will you manage availability? What technology will you need?
• Revenue management : What pricing and yield techniques will you use? What will your payment and cancellation policies be? Which room types will you be selling, and how will they be individually marketed? How many revenue scenarios will I create? Where can I compensate income/demand streams when necessary?

Make sure you have the capabilities to plan out a strong marketing, distribution and revenue management strategy. 

Things get complicated rather fast, and choosing to outsource hotel and revenue management is likely to give you a strategic advantage, during the planning phase, and the execution of your business plans.

7. Operations Plan

How will you run your hotel? Think of the following elements:

• How many staff and supervisors will you need? 
• What are their job descriptions/responsibilities? 
• What background and experience should they have? 
• When should they start? 
• What are your service standards?
• Will you develop manuals?
• Which supplier will you use?
• How will you manage inventory?

8. Management Team

Include the bios of your team. Focus on what uniquely qualifies you to make your hotel such a success. Having a great team is the key to success , and stakeholders will be impressed with a thorough explanation of the added value everyone brings to the table.

9. Financial Plan

Provide the start-up costs of the hotel (capital investment), the ongoing business costs, operational expenses and revenue projections for the next five years. These figures should be always based on your Hotel Feasibility Study . The KPIs to look at include expected occupancy, ADR (Average Daily Rate) and RevPAR (Revenue per Available Room).

If you are raising money , outline how much funding will be needed and when. Explain how you will generate a return on investment for investors, or when lenders will be paid back.

10. Key Milestones

These are the most important achievements which once they have been completed, will make your hotel more likely to succeed. Think off:

• Location selection
• Permits & Licenses
• Build-out / Construction of the Hotel
• Staffing and Training
• GOP Break-even
• NOI Break-even

Each time one of the key milestones is achieved, the risk of lenders or investors decreases . And once your last key milestone is reached, the chance of success is more or less guaranteed.

11. Appendix

Provide any other relevant information here. Don’t clutter the main sections of your hotel business plan with too many details. Rather support them with attachments in this part.

Putting Your Plan into Action

Many people have great business ideas. But that really doesn’t matter. The difference between dreamers and entrepreneurs is the action mindset. Are you ready to ship your idea to the market? 

The first step is to put your ideas on paper. I hope this free sample will help you write a persuasive hotel business plan. Because no investor or lender will be interested if you cannot present a clear plan.

Follow your dreams and go for it!

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Need help to Develop and Manage your Hotel Concept?

Our revenue management consulting experts at XOTELS have helped hundreds of hotels to develop and optimize their businesses.

With cost-effective implementations and best practices developed over years of experience, successful business for your boutique hotel, resort, B&B, aparthotel, hostel, or any other lodging concept for that matter.

Hope this template has helped you get inspired to start your own hotel business .

Best of luck in your endeavours!

Patrick Landman

PS. Get in touch with us if you need help developing and managing your hotel concept, and help bring your hotel to the next level with our hotel consulting services.

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Hotel Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Hotel Business Plan

You’ve come to the right place to create your hotel business plan.

We have helped over 100,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans and many have used them to start or grow their hotel companies.

Sample Hotel Business Plan Template

Below is a template to help you create each of the key elements of your own hotel business plan:

Executive Summary

Business overview.

Pegasus Hotel is a startup full-service independent luxury hotel in Austin, Texas. Owned by two local businessmen, Frank Girard and Miles Butler, it will serve the new up and coming district of the outskirts of Austin and cater to the locals and travelers who crave a luxurious and relaxing atmosphere. Pegasus Hotel will be a 10-story, 360-room hotel with a five-star restaurant and bar, relaxing pool and spa, 20,00 square feet of meeting and event space, a spacious and fully-equipped fitness center, and a view of scenic Austin. Pegasus Hotel will hold weddings and events, meetings, retreats, and those looking to unwind and be pampered while staying at the hotel. The service and amenities will be first class and the concierge will treat guests with extreme care and ensure guest satisfaction is held at an exceptional standard..

Service Offering

The following are the services and amenities that Pegasus Hotel will provide:

• 354 luxury rooms, two presidential suites, and four parlor suites
• Olympic size pool with adjacent hot tubs and surrounding cabanas
• First-class full-service spa
• First-class restaurant and bar
• Spacious fitness center
• Over 20,000 square feet of attractive meeting space for events
• Concierge and butler service
• Complimentary wifi
• Valet service
• Laundry service
• Business center

Customer Focus

Pegasus Hotel will target the population of Austin, Texas, its surrounding communities, and travelers visiting Austin for work or play. Guests will be mid to high level income, enjoy traveling, enjoy visiting spas and high-end restaurants, and work in the corporate or government sector.

Management Team

Pegasus Hotel will be owned by Frank Girard and Miles Butler. They will act in an Owner capacity, and will not be involved in the day to day operations of the hotel. Frank and Miles will hire the appropriate staff to ensure Pegasus Hotel is a profitable and successful business.

Lorenzo Falucci, General Manager, has over twenty years of experience in the hotel industry. He has most recently managed another independent boutique hotel in New York and was excited to be recruited by Frank and Miles to operate the Pegasus Hotel.

Lorenzo will hire Lisa Montgomery as the Director of Sales and David Jimenez as the Assistant General Manager. Lorenzo, Lisa, and David will be the senior management team of Pegasus Hotel. They will oversee all other department managers – Maintenance, Housekeeping, Front Desk/Guest Relations, and Food and Beverage. Each department manager will oversee various employees in their respective department and role. The Pegasus Hotel will have a large and sophisticated operation as each department is integral in the success of the hotel.

Success Factors

Pegasus Hotel will be able to achieve success by offering the following competitive advantages:

• Friendly, attentive, and highly responsive staff that caters to each guest and will be able to provide the best guest experience possible.
• Luxurious amenities throughout the hotel that will make each guest feel pampered.
• Modern and contemporary designed hotel tucked against a beautiful Texas landscape perfectly suited to host any event.
• Competitive rates and frequent guest discounts.

Financial Highlights

Pegasus Hotel is seeking $10,000,000 in debt financing to begin constructing the hotel and commence operations of the business. The funding will be dedicated towards securing the land lease and the hotel build-out and design. Funding will also be dedicated towards three months of overhead costs to include payroll of the staff, furniture, fixtures, and equipment, initial inventory, and working capital. The breakout of the funding is below:

• Secure the land lot, architecture, build-out, and design: $6,000,000
• Hotel furniture, fixtures, and equipment: $2,000,000
• Initial inventory: $750,000
• Three months of overhead expenses (payroll, rent, utilities): $1,000,000
• Marketing & advertising: $150,000
• Working capital: $100,000

The following graph below outlines the pro forma financial projections for Pegasus Hotel.

Company Overview

Who is pegasus hotel.

Pegasus Hotel is a startup full-service independent luxury hotel in Austin, Texas. Owned by two local businessmen, Frank Girard and Miles Butler, it will serve the new up and coming district of the outskirts of Austin and cater to the locals and travelers who crave a luxurious and relaxing atmosphere. Pegasus Hotel will be a 10-story, 360-room hotel with a five-star restaurant and bar, relaxing pool and spa, 20,00 square feet of meeting and event space, and a view of scenic Austin. Pegasus Hotel will hold weddings and events, meetings, retreats, and those looking to unwind and be pampered while staying at the hotel. The mission statement of the hotel is to provide first class service and amenities.

The guests rooms will include luxury beds and bedding with best-in-class furniture and bathroom fixtures. Pegasus Hotel will also have a full-service spa that will be able to provide massages, facials, makeup and/or hair service, steam rooms, and a sauna. The Olympic-sized pool will have adjacent hot tubs with a swim-up bar and surrounding cabanas. Pegasus Hotel will be equipped with state-of-the-art fitness equipment in its spacious gym. The restaurant will be a high-end steakhouse that will feature entrees from a world-renowned chef and a wine list cultivated by the area’s most respected sommelier. There will also be over 20,000 square feet of meeting space that will hold weddings, bat mitzvahs, reunions, galas, and any special event.

Pegasus Hotel will be independently owned and operated and will feature its own reservation system and operational software. Each employee will be expertly trained and vetted to pass luxury industry guest service standards. Pegasus Hotel is committed to providing the best guest experience possible while maintaining a profitable hotel. Pegasus Hotel aims to be a step above the rest and be an unforgettable experience for all who step foot into the hotel.

Pegasus Hotel History

Pegasus Hotel is owned by two local businessmen, Frank Girard and Miles Butler. Frank and Miles have been friends and business associates for over thirty years. They became friends in college while attending The University of Texas at Austin. Frank is a real estate developer specializing in commercial real estate and multi-use land projects. Miles is a software engineer who has built multitudes of software programs for various companies. They have both been extremely successful in their careers and want to divest their investments in a large-scale full-service hotel in Austin, Texas.

Since incorporation, Pegasus Hotel has achieved the following milestones:

• Acquired a 40-acre lot on the outskirts of Austin, Texas.
• Registered Pegasus Hotel, LLC to do business in the State of Texas.
• Hired a consultant to conduct a feasibility study for a full-service hotel in Austin.
• Began developing reservation and operational management software for use at the hotel.
• Began the branding image, logo, website, and social media accounts for the staffing agency.
• Applied for a liquor and mixed beverage permit with the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission.
• Hired an architect to begin the design phase of the hotel.

Pegasus Hotel Services

The following will be the services and amenities Pegasus Hotel will provide:

Industry Analysis

The hotel industry is expected to increase to a $133 billion in the next five years. The hospitality industry will benefit from increases in travel spending, corporate profit and general consumer spending.

As consumers earn higher incomes and businesses replenish their budgets, travel spending is projected to increase over the next five years. Inbound trips by non-US residents are anticipated to rise 22% over next the five years, while domestic travel is expected to grow 9% during the same period.

The industry will see particularly strong future growth in extended-stay hotels, boutique hotels, spa and health retreats and resorts segments. As demand for these auxiliary services picks up, industry employment is anticipated to recover and increase over the next five years. Industry players are also expected to continue expanding abroad into emerging economies, such as Asia, Eastern Europe and South America. These foreign markets are expected to somewhat detract from domestic capital investment, as they offer higher growth prospects for industry operators.

Customer Analysis

Demographic profile of target market.

The precise demographics for Austin, Texas are:

Customer Segmentation

Pegasus Hotel will primarily target the following customer profiles:

• Individuals and families who have disposable income (mid to high level)
• Frequent travelers
• Individuals who dine out and visit spas frequently
• White collar workers (corporate or government office)

Competitive Analysis

Direct and indirect competitors.

Pegasus Hotel will face competition from other companies with similar business profiles. A description of our direct competitors is below.

Hotel Ella is a historic boutique hotel located in Austin, Texas. Located in downtown Austin and walking distance to the University of Texas campus, Hotel Ella is a stylish boutique hotel housed in the historic Goodall Wooten House, one of Austin’s original landmark estates. Constructed in 1900, the Greek revival-style mansion underwent an extensive renovation in 2013, and now offers the perfect balance between modernity and a rich history rooted in the fabric of the neighborhood and the university. Hotel Ella has 47 guest rooms, a cabana-lined pool, and a wrap-around veranda overlooking the front lawn. Hotel Ella features beautifully designed outdoor and indoor spaces perfectly suited for a vacation, wedding, or corporate event. The hotel also features a diverse collection of Texas Modernist works around the hotel grounds.

All guests of Hotel Ella are treated to warm southern hospitality and superior personalized service during their stay. The historic property is appointed with a variety of elegant 21st century amenities. Hotel Ella also offers the following amenities and guest services:

• Complimentary 24-hour guest services
• Complimentary high-speed wi-fi access
• Complimentary electric car charging station
• Complimentary morning newspapers available in the historic mansion
• Complimentary coffee stations from 5am – 11am
• Twice-daily housekeeping service
• Cabana-lined outdoor pool
• Fitness center
• Same-day valet laundry services
• In-room dining by Goodall’s
• Business services: photocopying, printing, postal services, and supplies

Hotel Ella also welcomes dogs of all sizes at no additional fee.

Kimber Modern

Kimber Modern is located in the hip SoCo district of Austin and is intended to draw in the independent urban traveler seeking a unique escape. It is architecturally designed with clean lines and abundant light filtered through canopies of oaks in an artfully landscaped Courtyard. The hotel also encompasses absolute comfort and attention to detail while providing technologically sophisticated rooms in their boutique guest rooms. Guests booking at Kimber Modern will receive complimentary beverages, parking, and WiFi.

Kimber Modern offers the following hotel amenities to its guests:

• Off street covered parking
• Electric car charging station
• Keyless entry
• Complimentary WiFi throughout the hotel
• Multi-level courtyard with a 25-foot glass water feature with multiple areas to lounge
• Jura self-serve coffee system featuring a variety of coffee drinks 24/7
• Beverage bar 24/7
• Gourmet teas
• Virtual concierge – computer, printer, and copier
• Meeting space available for groups
• 3pm check-in and noon check-out

Guests are also available to book the entire hotel for their group.

The Cat Noir Hotel

The Cat Noir Hotel is an award-winning 14-room boutique hotel located in the heart of Austin’s east side. The European-styled boutique hotel includes a restaurant and bar partner, Uncle Nicky’s Italian Specialties. Uncle Nicky’s offers a relaxed all-day dining experience that is themed after cafes in northern Italy. The Cat Noir Hotel opened in 2016 and has been ranked #2 by Travel + Leisure’s World’s Best Awards and Top 20 Best Hotels in Texas by Conde Nast Traveler.

The Cat Noir Hotel’s contemporary design maintains a sense of warmth and a unique aesthetic that is felt through the lobby, outdoor spaces, and each of the unique guest rooms. In addition to the design elements, The Cat Noir Hotel boasts the following features:

• Private roof deck for guests to enjoy the stunning views of downtown, the Texas Capitol, and the University of Texas
• Outdoor patio and courtyard areas on all levels
• Artwork from local artists

Each of the guest rooms include Juliet balconies with neighborhood views, fine linens, and Simmons luxury plush mattresses.

Competitive Advantage

Pegasus Hotel will be able to offer the following advantages over their local competition:

Marketing Plan

Brand & value proposition.

Pegasus Hotel will offer the unique value proposition to its target local market:

• Professional and attentive staff dedicated to ensure complete guest satisfaction.
• Various amenities throughout the hotel for any guest to enjoy.
• Modern and contemporary design with beautiful Texas views throughout the entire hotel.
• Competitive rates.

Promotions Strategy

The promotions strategy for Pegasus Hotel is as follows:

Social Media

Pegasus Hotel will invest in advertising the hotel on social media platforms Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter. By using targeted social media marketing, Pegasus Hotel will be able to reach those who frequent nice restaurants and spas and travel frequently.

Website/SEO Marketing

Pegasus Hotel will invest in a strong SEO presence so that when someone enters “Austin boutique hotel” or “first class hotel near me” in their Google or Bing search bar, Pegasus Hotel is at the top of the list. Their website will feature photos of the guest rooms, meeting areas, pool, spa, fitness center, and restaurant/bar. Future guests will be able to make a reservation to book their future stay on the website and access contact information for either a Director of Sales or General Manager of the property.

Pegasus Hotel will request all requests for news stories regarding the development of the hotel, owner/developer information, opening dates, etc. By accommodating the press’ requests for stories, it will also be free advertising for the public to learn about the new up and coming luxury hotel.

Frank and Miles will invest in a billboard in downtown Austin where the mid to upper class of residents frequent. The hotel will be minimalistic but eye-catching. It will feature an attractive rendering of the hotel along with the website. Curious passersby will be directed to visit the hotel’s website for detailed information.

Third Party Booking Websites

Once the hotel is nearing 60 days towards opening, all of the third-party websites will feature Pegasus Hotel so that travelers visiting Austin will be able to see it listed as an option for Austin hotels.

Bridal Shows and Wedding Industry Events

Pegasus Hotel will have a table at all of Austin’s bridal shows and wedding industry events. It will attract those couples searching for a venue to accommodate their special day.

The pricing of Pegasus Hotel will be moderate and on par with competitors so customers feel they receive value when purchasing its guest rooms and services.

Operations Plan

The following will be the operations plan for Pegasus Hotel.

Operation Functions:

• Frank and Miles will be the owners of the hotel and hire the appropriate staff to manage the hotel. Frank will act as CFO of the hotel and Miles will be in charge of the reservation system and hotel operations software. Miles developed the software and will focus on making sure it’s always functional and efficient.
• General Manager will be hired to oversee the entire staff and hotel operations to include guest satisfaction, oversee vendor contracts, events, and making sure that each department is running effectively and efficiently.
• Assistant General Manager to assist the General Manager with overseeing the staff, with particular attention to guest satisfaction and front desk operations.
• Director of Sales will be hired to sell events, corporate accounts, and group bookings for the hotel.
• Maintenance Engineer will be hired to attend to all mechanical and plumbing issues that may arise.
• Executive Housekeeper will be hired to lead the team of housekeepers to make sure all areas of the hotel are being cleaned to Pegasus Hotel standards and that each guest is receiving all accommodations to their requested schedule.

Milestones:

Pegasus Hotel will have the following milestones completed in the next six months.

8/1/202X – Purchase land lot and break ground on new hotel business.

8/15/202X – Finalize architectural renderings and hire a General Contractor to build the hotel.

9/1/202X – Finalize contract with advertising company for them to design the branding image of the hotel, logo, website, billboard, and social media accounts.

9/15/202X – Begin social media and website advertising campaign. Billboard with a teaser of ‘Coming Soon’ will go up in downtown Austin.

10/5/202X – Hire General Manager and Director of Sales.

10/15/202X – Attend annual Wedding Industry Event with a table to begin advertising Pegasus Hotel.

11/1/202X – Pegasus Hotel will go live on third party booking websites.

11/15/202X – Remainder of staff will be hired to begin training program.

11/30/202X – Final walk-thru of newly constructed Pegasus Hotel.

12/15/202X – Begin furnishing and interior design of the hotel.

1/1/202X – Grand Opening of Pegasus Hotel.

Lorenzo will hire Lisa Montgomery as the Director of Sales and David Jimenez as the Assistant General Manager. After an exhaustive search, Lorenzo believes has found the next two senior management positions to ensure the success of the hotel. Each comes with an impressive resume of prior hotel sales and operational experience.

Lorenzo, Lisa, and David will be the senior management team of Pegasus Hotel. They will oversee all other department managers – Maintenance, Housekeeping, Front Desk/Guest Relations, and Food and Beverage. Each department manager will oversee various employees in their respective department and role. The Pegasus Hotel will have a large and sophisticated operation as each department is integral in the success of the hotel.

Lorenzo, Lisa, and David will meet with Frank and Miles monthly to update them on progress and overall operations and sales efforts of the Pegasus Hotel.

Financial Plan

Key revenue & costs.

The revenue drivers for Pegasus Hotel are the revenues it will collect when guests book a reservation at the hotel. The hotel will also collect revenues from its restaurant and bar, spa, and events it will host.

The cost drivers will be the payroll and overhead costs to staff the hotel. Other costs will involve the land lease, utilities, marketing costs, and technology fees. There will also be costs associated with the maintenance of the hotel, food and beverage inventory, spa inventory, and hotel guest room supplies.

Funding Requirements and Use of Funds

Key assumptions.

The following outlines the key assumptions required in order to achieve the revenue and cost numbers in the financials and in order to pay off the startup business loan.

• Initial Number of Room Nights Sold per Month: 8,000
• Number of Events per Month: 30
• Land Lease per Year: $1,500,000

Financial Projections

Income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, hotel business plan faqs, what is a hotel business plan.

A hotel business plan is a plan to start and/or grow your hotel business. Among other things, it outlines your business concept, identifies your target customers, presents your hotel marketing plan and details your financial projections.

You can  easily complete your hotel business plan using our Hotel Business Plan Template here .

What Are the Main Types of Hotel Companies?

There are many types of hotel companies. Most hotels are affiliated with a hotel franchise company. Other hotel companies distinguish themselves by star level-  4 to 5-star hotels are on the higher end of rate and amenity offerings, whereas 2 to 3-star hotels cater more towards the everyday business travelers and families.

What Are the Main Sources of Revenue and Expenses for a Hotel Business?

The primary source of revenue for a hotel business are the room fees it charges each guest to stay at the hotel. Revenues are also collected for different amenity offerings, such as room service,  restaurant and bar revenue, spa revenues, and guest shop revenue.

The key expenses for a hotel business are the costs for inventory, maintenance, supplies, furniture, fixtures, and equipment, technology, and payroll of the staff. Other expenses will be the rent, utilities, and overhead costs, if applicable.

How Do You Secure Funding For Your Hotel?

Hotel businesses are most likely to receive funding from banks. Typically you will find a local bank and present your business plan to them. Angel investors and other types of capital-raising such as crowdfunding  are other common funding sources. This is true for a business plan for a hotel, a resort or a boutique hotel.

What are the Steps To Start a Hotel Business?

Starting a hotel business can be an exciting endeavor. Having a detailed roadmap of the steps to start a business will help you stay focused on your business goals and get started faster.

• Develop A Hotel Business Plan - The first step in starting a business is to create a comprehensive business plan that outlines all aspects of the venture. This includes market research to identify the potential market size and target audience , the hotel’s services, pricing strategies and a detailed financial forecast.  
• Choose Your Legal Structure - It's important to select an appropriate legal entity for your hotel business. This could be a limited liability company (LLC), corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship. Each type has its own benefits and drawbacks so it’s important to do research and choose wisely so that your hotel business is in compliance with local laws.
• Register Your Hotel Business - Once you have chosen a legal structure, the next step is to register your hotel business with the government or state where you’re operating from. This includes obtaining licenses and permits as required by federal, state, and local laws. 
• Identify Financing Options - It’s likely that you’ll need some capital to start your hotel business, so take some time to identify what financing options are available such as bank loans, investor funding, grants, or crowdfunding platforms. 
• Choose a Location - Whether you plan on operating out of a physical location or not, you should always have an idea of where you’ll be based should it become necessary in the future as well as what kind of space would be suitable for your operations. 
• Hire Employees - There are several ways to find qualified employees including job boards like LinkedIn or Indeed as well as hiring agencies if needed – depending on what type of employees you need it might also be more effective to reach out directly through networking events. 
• Acquire Necessary Hotel Equipment & Supplies - In order to start your hotel business, you'll need to purchase all of the necessary equipment and supplies to run a successful operation. 
• Market & Promote Your Business - Once you have all the necessary pieces in place, it’s time to start promoting and marketing your own hotel business. This includes creating a website, utilizing social media platforms like Facebook or Twitter, and having an effective digital marketing strategy including SEO and paid advertising . You should also consider traditional marketing techniques such as radio or print advertising. 

Learn more about how to start a new hotel business:

• How to Start a Hotel Business

Where Can I Get an Example Hotel Business Plan PDF?

You can download our example hotel business plan PDF template here . This is a business plan template you can use in PDF format.

Other Helpful Business Plan Templates

Franchise Business Plan Template Resort Business Plan Template Bed and Breakfast Business Plan Template

How to Write a Successful Hotel Business Plan + Template

Creating a business plan is essential for any business, but it can be especially helpful for hotel businesses who want to improve their strategy and/or raise funding.

A well-crafted business plan not only outlines the vision for your company, but also documents a step-by-step roadmap of how you are going to accomplish it. In order to create an effective business plan, you must first understand the components that are essential to its success.

This article provides an overview of the key elements that every hotel business owner should include in their business plan.

Download the Ultimate Hotel Business Plan Template

What is a Hotel Business Plan?

A hotel business plan is a formal written document that describes your company’s business strategy and its feasibility. It documents the reasons you will be successful, your areas of competitive advantage, and it includes information about your team members. Your business plan is a key document that will convince investors and lenders (if needed) that you are positioned to become a successful venture.

Why Write a Hotel Business Plan?

A hotel business plan is required for banks and investors. The document is a clear and concise guide of your business idea and the steps you will take to make it profitable.

Entrepreneurs can also use this as a roadmap when starting their new company or venture, especially if they are inexperienced in starting a business.

Writing an Effective Hotel Business Plan

The following are the key components of a successful hotel business plan:

Executive Summary

The executive summary of a hotel business plan is a one to two page overview of your entire business plan. It should summarize the main points, which will be presented in full in the rest of your business plan.

• Start with a one-line description of your hotel company
• Provide a short summary of the key points in each section of your business plan, which includes information about your company’s management team, industry analysis, competitive analysis, and financial forecast among others.

Company Description

This section should include a brief history of your company. Include a short description of how your company started, and provide a timeline of milestones your company has achieved.

If you are just starting your hotel business, you may not have a long company history. Instead, you can include information about your professional experience in this industry and how and why you conceived your new venture. If you have worked for a similar company before or have been involved in an entrepreneurial venture before starting your hotel firm, mention this.

You will also include information about your chosen hotel business model and how, if applicable, it is different from other companies in your industry.

Industry Analysis

The industry or market analysis is an important component of a hotel business plan. Conduct thorough market research to determine industry trends and document the size of your market. 

Questions to answer include:

• What part of the hotel industry are you targeting?
• How big is the market?
• What trends are happening in the industry right now (and if applicable, how do these trends support the success of your company)?

You should also include sources for the information you provide, such as published research reports and expert opinions.

Customer Analysis

This section should include a list of your target audience(s) with demographic and psychographic profiles (e.g., age, gender, income level, profession, job titles, interests). You will need to provide a profile of each customer segment separately, including their needs and wants.

For example, a hotel business’ customers may include:

• Business travelers
• Leisure travelers
• Groups and conventions
• Wedding parties
• Local residents

You can include information about how your customers make the decision to buy from you as well as what keeps them buying from you.

Develop a strategy for targeting those customers who are most likely to buy from you, as well as those that might be influenced to buy your products or hotel services with the right marketing.

Competitive Analysis

The competitive analysis helps you determine how your product or service will be different from competitors, and what your unique selling proposition (USP) might be that will set you apart in this industry.

For each competitor, list their strengths and weaknesses. Next, determine your areas of competitive differentiation and/or advantage; that is, in what ways are you different from and ideally better than your competitors.

Below are sample competitive advantages your hotel business may have:

• Location : if your hotel is located in an ideal spot for leisure or business travelers, this could be a key competitive advantage
• Amenities : if your hotel offers unique amenities that are appealing to your target market segments, this could give you a leg up on the competition
• Customer service : if you focus on delivering exceptional customer service, this could be a key selling point

Marketing Plan

This part of the business plan is where you determine and document your marketing plan. . Your plan should be clearly laid out, including the following 4 Ps.

• Product/Service : Detail your product/service offerings here. Document their features and benefits.
• Price : Document your pricing strategy here. In addition to stating the prices for your products/services, mention how your pricing compares to your competition.
• Place : Where will your customers find you? What channels of distribution (e.g., partnerships) will you use to reach them if applicable?
• Promotion : How will you reach your target customers? For example, you may use social media, write blog posts, create an email marketing campaign, use pay-per-click advertising, launch a direct mail campaign. Or you may promote your hotel business via public relations (PR), speaking engagements, or other thought-leadership activities.

Operations Plan

This part of your hotel business plan should include the following information:

• How will you deliver your product/service to customers? For example, will you do it in person or over the phone only?
• What infrastructure, equipment, and resources are needed to operate successfully? How can you meet those requirements within budget constraints?

The operations plan is where you also need to include your company’s business policies. You will want to establish policies related to everything from customer service to pricing, to the overall brand image you are trying to present.

Finally, and most importantly, in your Operations Plan, you will lay out the milestones your company hopes to achieve within the next five years. Create a chart that shows the key milestone(s) you hope to achieve each quarter for the next four quarters, and then each year for the following four years. Examples of milestones for a hotel business include reaching $X in sales. Other examples include adding new locations, launching a new product/service, or hiring new employees.

Management Team

List your team members here including their names and titles, as well as their expertise and experience relevant to your specific hotel industry. Include brief biography sketches for each team member.

Particularly if you are seeking funding, the goal of this section is to convince investors and lenders that your team has the expertise and experience to execute on your plan. If you are missing key team members, document the roles and responsibilities you plan to hire for in the future.

Financial Plan

Here you will include a summary of your complete and detailed financial plan (your full financial projections go in the Appendix). 

This includes the following three financial statements:

Income Statement

Your income statement should include:

• Revenue: how much revenue you generate.
• Cost of Goods Sold: These are your direct costs associated with generating revenue. This includes labor costs, as well as the cost of any equipment and supplies used to deliver the product/service offering.
• Net Income (or loss): Once expenses and revenue are totaled and deducted from each other, this is the net income or loss

Sample Income Statement for a Startup Hotel Business

Balance sheet.

Include a balance sheet that shows your assets, liabilities, and equity. Your balance sheet should include:

• Assets : All of the things you own (including cash).
• Liabilities : This is what you owe against your company’s assets, such as accounts payable or loans.
• Equity : The worth of your business after all liabilities and assets are totaled and deducted from each other.

Sample Balance Sheet for a Startup Hotel Business

Cash flow statement.

Include a cash flow statement showing how much cash comes in, how much cash goes out and a net cash flow for each year. The cash flow statement should include:

• Cash Flow From Operations
• Cash Flow From Investments
• Cash Flow From Financing

Below is a sample of a projected cash flow statement for a startup hotel business.

Sample Cash Flow Statement for a Startup Hotel Business

You will also want to include an appendix section which will include:

• Your complete financial projections
• A complete list of your company’s business policies and procedures related to the rest of the business plan (marketing, operations, etc.)
• Any other documentation which supports what you included in the body of your business plan.

Writing a good business plan gives you the advantage of being fully prepared to launch and/or grow your hotel company. It not only outlines your business vision but also provides a step-by-step process of how you are going to accomplish it.

As you can see, there is a lot that goes into creating a successful hotel business plan. But with careful planning and execution, you can set your hotel business up for success.  

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Hotel Business Plan

Owning a hotel is a dream for many people, who like to organize and engage in multiple different activities. From having unique themes to beautiful decor, a hotel business gives you an ample amount of chances to showcase your creativity.

But the pandemic might have naturally left many of you doubting the viability of hotels.

With a vast variety of reasons a hotel serves, the hotel business is very less likely to become irrelevant.

Most leading hotel businesses, today, rely on software to manage their operations. Kiosk Mode for automated check-ins, on-the-spot reservations, and feedback, hotel management software for customer management, and revenue control are just some of the many solutions that streamline hotel management.

And all you need to have a thriving hotel business is a hotel business plan that’ll help you get the maximum out of the profitable times and stay prepared for unexpected circumstances.

Industry Overview

The hotel industry stood at a whopping market value of 0.95 trillion dollars in 2021 and is recovering at a rapid rate after the COVID-19 pandemic.

The hotel industry is ruled by several major players, hence it is a good practice to go through their case studies and business strategies. There’s a high chance that you might find something very useful for yourself.

Work vacations and leisure trips are the major factors that contribute to the growth of the hotel industry.

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Things to Consider Before Writing a Hotel Business Plan

Select a good location.

An accessible and well-located hotel is much more likely to work than one that is situated otherwise. Also, the neighborhood you set up your hotel in matters a lot too. Hence, it is important to choose the right size of land and locality to set up your hotel.

Find good suppliers

From laundry, and housekeeping to the right ingredients for the restaurant,  there are several supplies a hotel needs. And to satisfy your customers, it is essential to get the best of everything. After all, the reputation and image of your hotel matter a lot when it comes to running a hotel business.

Know your financial requirements

A hotel has several financial requirements from location to installation of appliances, furniture, decor, and salaries of employees. This also makes for a complex financial structure. Hence, it is good to figure out and keep an account of all your financial needs before getting started.

Find your USP

In the mass of industry giants and small businesses that exist in the business, it is important to have something that helps you stand apart from everyone else. From theme-based decor to additional services and ventures, your USP can be anything. But make sure that you find one before you get up and running.

Chalking Out your Business Plan

If you are planning to start a new hotel business, the first thing you will need is a business plan. Use our sample hotel business plan created using upmetrics business plan software to start writing your business plan in no time.

Before you start writing a business plan for your new hotel business, spend as much time as you can reading through some samples of hotel and lodging-related business plans .

Reading some sample business plans will give you a good idea of what you’re aiming for, and also it will show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their business plans.

We have created this sample Hotel Business Plan for you to get a good idea about what a perfect hotel business plan should look like and what details you will need to include in your stunning business plan.

Hotel Business Plan Outline

This is the standard hotel business plan outline which will cover all important sections that you should include in your business plan.

• Business Overview
• Mission Statement
• Location and Facility
• Steve Cowan
• Key Advisors to the Company
• Economic Environment
• Geographical/Competitive Environment
• Legal/Political Environment
• Technology Environment
• High Line ($139-$750 per night, depending upon season)
• Motel ($59-$119 per night, depending upon season)
• Bed & Breakfast (B&B)
• Summary of Opportunities and Threats in the Environment
• Competitive Advantage
• Industry Keys to Success
• SWOT Analysis
• Marketing Strategies
• Target Markets – Consumer
• Positioning and Product Strategy
• Distribution Strategy
• Pricing Strategy
• Service and Support Philosophy
• New Business Segment
• Publicity and Public Relations
• Guest Reward Programs
• Advertising
• Marketing and Promotion Budget
• Evaluation & Control Strategies
• Project Funding Summary
• Phase 1 Funding Amounts Sought
• Financial Plan Assumptions
• Income Statement Projections
• Balance Sheet
• Cash Flow Projections

After getting started with Upmetrics , you can copy this sample hotel business plan template into your business plan and modify the required information and download your hotel business plan pdf or doc file.

It’s the fastest and easiest way to start writing your business plan.

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Download a sample hotel business plan

Need help writing your business plan from scratch? Here you go;  download our free hotel business plan pdf  to start.

It’s a modern business plan template specifically designed for your hotel business. Use the example business plan as a guide for writing your own.

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About the Author

Upmetrics Team

Upmetrics is the #1 business planning software that helps entrepreneurs and business owners create investment-ready business plans using AI. We regularly share business planning insights on our blog. Check out the Upmetrics blog for such interesting reads. Read more

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Business Plan Template for Hotel Industry

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Are you dreaming of opening your own hotel, but not sure where to start? Look no further than ClickUp's Business Plan Template for the Hotel Industry! This comprehensive template is designed specifically for hotel owners and entrepreneurs, helping you outline every aspect of your business plan with ease.

With ClickUp's Business Plan Template for the Hotel Industry, you can:

• Clearly define your vision, objectives, and target market
• Develop realistic financial projections and strategies for sustainable growth
• Create a winning marketing plan to attract guests and outshine the competition
• Streamline operational plans to ensure smooth day-to-day operations

Whether you're seeking funding or need a roadmap to turn your hotel dreams into reality, ClickUp's Business Plan Template for the Hotel Industry has got you covered. Start planning your success today!

Business Plan Template for Hotel Industry Benefits

When it comes to starting a hotel business, having a solid business plan is essential. With the Business Plan Template for the Hotel Industry, you can:

• Clearly define your hotel's vision, objectives, and target market
• Create realistic financial projections to attract investors and secure funding
• Develop effective marketing strategies to promote your hotel and increase bookings
• Outline operational plans to ensure smooth day-to-day operations
• Identify potential challenges and risks, allowing you to proactively address them
• Streamline decision-making processes and ensure everyone is aligned with the business goals
• Set measurable goals and track progress for continuous improvement
• Save time and effort by using a pre-designed template tailored specifically for the hotel industry.

Main Elements of Hotel Industry Business Plan Template

ClickUp's Business Plan Template for the Hotel Industry is the perfect tool to help you create a comprehensive and effective plan for your hotel business. Here are the main elements of this template:

• Custom Statuses: Track the progress of each section of your business plan with statuses such as Complete, In Progress, Needs Revision, and To Do, ensuring that all tasks are accounted for and easily managed.
• Custom Fields: Utilize custom fields like Reference, Approved, and Section to add specific information to each task, allowing you to keep track of important details and ensure nothing is overlooked.
• Custom Views: Access five different views, including Topics, Status, Timeline, Business Plan, and Getting Started Guide, to easily navigate through your business plan and view it from different perspectives, making it simple to stay organized and focused on your goals.
• Collaboration and Communication: With ClickUp's collaboration features, you can work seamlessly with your team to develop your hotel business plan, assign tasks, provide feedback, and keep everyone on the same page throughout the process.
• Integration: Connect ClickUp with other tools and software that you use in your hotel industry business, such as accounting software, CRM systems, and marketing platforms, to streamline your workflow and enhance productivity.

How To Use Business Plan Template for Hotel Industry

If you're in the hotel industry and need to create a business plan, don't worry - ClickUp has got you covered. Follow these steps to effectively use the Business Plan Template for the hotel industry:

1. Define your vision and mission

The first step in creating a business plan is to clearly define your vision and mission for your hotel. What do you want to achieve? What sets your hotel apart from others? By clearly articulating your vision and mission, you set the foundation for your business plan.

Use Docs in ClickUp to brainstorm and document your hotel's vision and mission statement.

2. Conduct market research

To create a successful business plan, you need to understand the market and your target audience. Conduct thorough market research to identify trends, competition, customer preferences, and potential opportunities in the hotel industry.

Utilize the Table view in ClickUp to gather and analyze market research data, such as competitor analysis, customer segmentation, and market trends.

3. Develop a marketing strategy

Your business plan should include a comprehensive marketing strategy to attract guests to your hotel. Determine the best channels and tactics to reach your target audience, such as online advertising, social media, partnerships, or local events.

Create tasks in ClickUp to outline your marketing strategy, assign responsibilities, and set deadlines for each marketing initiative.

4. Financial planning and forecasting

Financial planning is a crucial aspect of any business plan. Determine your startup costs, projected revenue, and expenses for the hotel. Consider factors such as staffing, inventory, marketing, and operational costs.

Use custom fields in ClickUp to track and calculate financial data, such as budget allocation, revenue projections, and cost analysis.

5. Set goals and milestones

To measure the success of your hotel business, set specific goals and milestones. These could include occupancy rates, revenue targets, customer satisfaction scores, or expansion plans. Break down your goals into actionable steps and establish timelines to keep yourself accountable.

Create Milestones in ClickUp to track and celebrate the achievement of key business goals and milestones.

By following these steps and utilizing the Business Plan Template in ClickUp, you can effectively plan and strategize for success in the hotel industry. Good luck!

Get Started with ClickUp’s Business Plan Template for Hotel Industry

Hotel owners or entrepreneurs in the hotel industry can use the ClickUp Business Plan Template to effectively outline their vision and objectives for their hotel business.

First, hit “Add Template” to sign up for ClickUp and add the template to your Workspace. Make sure you designate which Space or location in your Workspace you’d like this template applied.

Next, invite relevant members or guests to your Workspace to start collaborating.

Now you can take advantage of the full potential of this template to create a comprehensive business plan:

• Use the Topics View to organize your business plan into different sections, such as Executive Summary, Market Analysis, Marketing Strategies, Financial Projections, and more.
• The Status View will help you track the progress of each section of your business plan, with statuses like Complete, In Progress, Needs Revision, and To Do.
• The Timeline View will provide you with a visual representation of the deadlines and milestones for each section of your business plan.
• Use the Business Plan View to get an overview of your entire business plan and easily navigate between different sections.
• The Getting Started Guide View will provide you with step-by-step instructions on how to use the template and create a successful business plan.
• Customize the template by adding custom fields like Reference, Approved, and Section to track additional information and make your business plan more tailored to your needs.
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How to Make a Business Plan for your Hotel

Whether you own a bed and breakfast, a family-run inn, a cosmopolitan hotel or an all-inclusive resort, a business plan is absolutely essential to your success.

You might have the best hotel concept in the world, but none of that will matter if you don’t have a well-organized plan that lays out how it will come to fruition.

Unfortunately, many hoteliers don’t use business plans to their full potential. Instead, they throw together a collection of ad-hoc documents to show stakeholders, investors and other interested parties. Even worse, they don’t put together a business plan at all. This is a big mistake, but it often stems from people finding the concept of business plans intimidating.

Fortunately, hotel business plans aren’t as daunting as they seem. At their most basic, they’re summaries of the most important details of your hotel concept . They allow readers to learn everything they need to know about your hotel idea in a detailed yet succinct manner.

Need guidance in doing so? Follow the points outlined here and you’ll have no trouble developing an effective business plan for your hotel.

Table of contents for this article:

Hotel Business Plan Essentials

Other elements to include, focus on the essential, 1. executive summary.

Your business plan in a nutshell.

The placement of executive summaries is misleading. They normally come first in business plans, but really, they should be written last. This is because they cover all the key points that are mentioned in your business plan.

Along with summarizing the basics, remember to include your broader mission statement and specific project objectives.

We’ve said it once and we’ll say it again, it’s much easier to write a great executive summary once you’ve finished the rest of your business plan!

2. Company Analysis

Think of this as an elevator pitch.

Provide an accurate yet exciting impression of your hotel project as it stands. Talk about background information like business stage, legal structure, investors and/or stakeholders and other major milestones. Most importantly, make sure you also highlight your hotel’s unique features and qualifications, sometimes referred to as USPs (Unique Selling Propositions).

USPs are key in the highly competitive hotel market and can really make your concept stand out from the crowd. Does your hotel have pool, jacuzzi or spa amenities? Is it completely wheelchair accessible? Does it offer amazing views of the city or surrounding countryside? These are all key features to highlight in your company analysis.

Some company analyses also use the SWOT analysis framework to assess their hotel concept’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

• Optimizing occupancy, revenue or ADR
• Upgrading your software stack
• Solving distribution or/and tech issues
• Improving their hotel online presence

3. Industry Analysis

What context will you be operating in, exactly?

In a business plan, industry analysis refers to researching relevant market trends. Understanding short and long-term trends that affect the hotel industry is key in putting together an effective hotel business plan, and eventually running a successful hotel.

Think about trends and events in relation to broader themes like technology, health, environment, politics, culture and economy. Reflect on how they might affect your business, or better yet, how your business could use them to its advantage. In the context of COVID-19 , for example, it’s a great idea to be transparent about the sanitary measures and distancing policies your business has (or would be able to) put into effect.

Depending where your hotel is located, industry analysis may be daunting. A more manageable way to think about it is in relation to your relative market. That is, focus your research specifically on hotels that have a similar concept to yours .

Industry trends affect family-run bed and breakfasts very differently than they do all-inclusive resorts, so make sure to undertake analysis that’s relevant to your business.

4. Competitive Analysis

Now, it’s time to size up the competition.

One of the best ways to put together a successful hotel business strategy is to have an excellent idea of what the competition is doing. Emulate what they’re doing correctly and improve upon what they’re doing wrong. If you see that many customers are complaining about the weak WiFi or lack of breakfast at hotels in the area, see if your business can provide those amenities.

You can focus your research solely on local competitors, but you can also include global competitors with similar concepts to your own . How you choose to do this will depend on your hotel’s concept and where it’s located.

Similar to industry analysis, competitive analysis is intimidating to many. In order to simplify it, only undertake in-depth analysis of your most direct competitors. Some market experts also use the SWOT analysis framework when analyzing the competition as well.

When it comes to more indirect competitors, try grouping them together and thinking about big picture comparisons.

5. Ideal Customer Profile

Next, you’ve got to figure out who exactly will be coming to your hotel.

It’s incredibly important to have a specific picture of your hotel’s ideal customer. Just like any other product or service, you’ll need to determine who you’ll be marketing to . Different kinds of hotel guests have different priorities and needs, so it’s important to determine who you’ll be catering to .

Put simply, a businessman staying in central London for a work conference will have very different hotel needs compared to a family of four on a week-long summer vacation.

Ideal hotel guest profiles take geographic, demographic, socio-economic, psychographic, cultural and behavioral considerations into account. You’ll also want to consider whether your hotel concept will be broadly appealing to several hotel guest profiles or if you’ll be catering to a specific niche.

Need help putting together ideal customer profiles? Get inspired by checking out your direct competitors’ guest reviews online.

6. Marketing Plan

Last but not least, how will you attract guests?

A strong concept is only half the battle. Without an effective marketing strategy , your hotel will remain empty. At its most basic, your marketing plan should describe how you’ll attract guests to your hotel and therefore make it a profitable business.

In doing so, marketing plans usually touch on the following categories:

• Marketing How will you get the word out to guests? In the modern age, this most often refers to online marketing strategies related to your hotel’s website, search engine results and social media presence. You can also cover direct marketing, offline marketing, networking, third-party promotion and partnerships here.
• Sales & Distribution How will you secure bookings? Think about what channels you’ll use to communicate availability and manage reservations, for example if your hotel is being listed in Airbnb, you'll need an Airbnb channel manager to handle your reservations and avoid double bookings. Most hotels use a combination of direct and indirect sales and distribution strategies.
• Yield & Revenue Management How will you make sure that your hotel is profitable? Consider pricing and yield strategies early on to maximize your business’s revenue growth.

We’ve talked about hotel business plan essentials, but we’re not done yet. The points we covered above are the basics, but there are several additional elements that you might want to consider including.

Remember, your hotel business plan should most importantly present the specific context of your project . The elements you include should reflect that.

We’ve included some ideas of additional elements you might like to include below, but the possibilities are endless.

• Operations Discuss how your hotel will run on a day-to-day basis. This connects to management but focuses on the big picture. Make sure to include details like staff numbers, hotel processes, service standards, external suppliers and inventory management.
• Management Have you established who will be in charge of your hotel’s management? Or who will be working at your hotel? If you have, talk about their profiles and what qualifies them to do their jobs here.
• Finances Put simply, discuss the money you have, the money you’ll require and how much you estimate that your project will cost in total. This is also a good opportunity to mention ROI projections.
• Reference Materials Be sure to include any supporting materials that support the information presented in your business plan. e.g. charts, graphics, resources, imagery and other media.

There you have it! Follow the steps above and you’ll have an effective business plan for your hotel in no time.

If you’re feeling overwhelmed by the process, remember to focus on the essentials first . Basic information like your project background, industry trends, competitor research and ideal clientele is your bread and butter. Once you’ve got those elements covered, start thinking about what additional elements you want to include based on your needs.

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Firstly, we assess

We evaluate objective(s), defining opportunities and setting goals.

Then, we plan

We make a plan detailing what should be done to help reach set goals.

Finally, we make it happen

We implement change, as planned, within set timeline and budget.

Sample Hotel Business Plan

Writing a business plan is a crucial step in starting a hotel. Not only does it provide structure and guidance for the future, but it also helps to create funding opportunities and attract potential investors. For aspiring hotel owners, having access to a sample hotel business plan can be especially helpful in providing direction and gaining insight into how to draft their own hotel business plan.

Download our Ultimate Hotel Business Plan Template

Having a thorough business plan in place is critical for any successful hotel venture. It will serve as the foundation for your operations, setting out the goals and objectives that will help guide your decisions and actions. A well-written business plan can give you clarity on realistic financial projections and help you secure financing from lenders or investors. A hotel business plan example can be a great resource to draw upon when creating your own plan, making sure that all the key components are included in your document.

The hotel business plan sample below will give you an idea of what one should look like. It is not as comprehensive and successful in raising capital for your hotel as Growthink’s Ultimate Hotel Business Plan Template , but it can help you write a hotel business plan of your own.

Hotel Business Plan Example – StaySerenity Inn

Table of contents, executive summary, company overview, industry analysis, customer analysis, competitive analysis, marketing plan, operations plan, management team, financial plan.

StaySerenity Inn is an innovative hospitality venture located in the heart of Tucson, Arizona, dedicated to providing guests with a tranquil and serene stay experience. Our mission is to offer high-quality accommodations that blend modern comforts with the unique charm and beauty of the Southwest. We aim to cater to a wide array of guests, from business travelers to families seeking a peaceful retreat. By prioritizing customer satisfaction and leveraging the picturesque landscape and cultural richness of Tucson, we are committed to becoming a leading choice for travelers seeking comfort, peace, and a touch of local flavor in their accommodations.

Our success is built on a foundation of identifying and capitalizing on key factors that set us apart in the competitive hospitality market. To date, we have made significant strides in establishing a strong brand identity, highlighted by our commitment to exceptional customer service and creating a serene guest experience. Our strategic location, which combines accessibility with scenic beauty, plays a crucial role in attracting our target clientele. Additionally, our focus on sustainability and community engagement has not only enhanced our brand image but has also fostered positive relationships with local businesses and stakeholders. These accomplishments are testament to our dedication to excellence and innovation in the hospitality industry.

The hospitality industry is witnessing a dynamic shift, with travelers increasingly seeking personalized and unique stay experiences over conventional hotel accommodations. This trend is particularly pronounced in destinations like Tucson, Arizona, where the blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and recreational activities attracts a diverse visitor base. The market shows a growing preference for accommodations that offer a sense of place and connection to the local community, alongside modern amenities and sustainable practices. This evolving landscape presents both challenges and opportunities for StaySerenity Inn, as we strive to meet the changing preferences of travelers while standing out amidst the competition through our unique value proposition.

Our target customers encompass a broad spectrum of travelers who share a common desire for a tranquil and immersive stay experience. This includes business professionals seeking a quiet retreat after a day of meetings, families looking for a comfortable and engaging place to stay during vacations, and solo travelers drawn to the cultural and natural attractions of Tucson. Our marketing efforts are tailored to resonate with these segments, emphasizing the serene environment, personalized service, and access to local experiences that StaySerenity Inn offers. Understanding the diverse needs and preferences of our target customers is crucial to our strategy, guiding our service offerings and marketing messages to effectively attract and retain our desired clientele.

StaySerenity Inn’s competitive advantage lies in our ability to offer a peaceful and personalized stay experience that seamlessly integrates the natural and cultural richness of Tucson. Unlike our competitors, we emphasize tranquility and a deep connection to the local environment, catering to those seeking a more serene and authentic travel experience.

Our marketing plan revolves around highlighting the unique aspects of StaySerenity Inn, including our serene location, personalized services, and commitment to sustainability. We offer a range of accommodations and pricing options to suit various needs, from luxurious suites to more affordable rooms, all designed with tranquility and comfort in mind. Our promotions plan is multifaceted, encompassing digital marketing campaigns, partnerships with local businesses, and special package deals that showcase the value and unique experiences available at StaySerenity Inn. By leveraging social media, search engine optimization, and targeted advertising, we aim to increase our visibility and attract our target customer segments effectively.

Our operations plan is structured around key milestones that are crucial for the successful launch and growth of StaySerenity Inn. These include securing a prime location, obtaining necessary permits and licenses, completing the building and furnishing of our hotel to meet our brand standards, and hiring and training a committed team. We are focused on implementing an effective marketing strategy, launching our hotel with a strong online presence, and achieving operational excellence to ensure guest satisfaction and financial success. Establishing partnerships with local businesses and attractions is also a priority, enhancing our guests’ experience and supporting our goal of reaching $15,000/month in revenue.

Our management team is composed of experienced professionals with a diverse set of skills and a shared passion for hospitality. This team brings together expertise in hotel management, customer service, marketing, and sustainability practices, ensuring that every aspect of StaySerenity Inn’s operations is guided by knowledge and a commitment to excellence. Our leadership’s dedication to creating a serene and memorable guest experience is at the core of our business philosophy, driving our efforts to achieve success in the competitive Tucson hospitality market.

Welcome to StaySerenity Inn, a new beacon of hospitality in Tucson, AZ. As a local hotel, we take pride in introducing a high-quality lodging experience that has been missing in our community. Our commitment is to provide an unparalleled stay for all our guests, ensuring they find a serene and comfortable environment every time they choose us.

At StaySerenity Inn, our offerings are comprehensive and tailored to meet the needs of every guest. Our accommodation services are top-notch, designed to ensure comfort, security, and the best of modern amenities. Dining and catering at our hotel promise an exquisite culinary journey, with dishes prepared by top chefs that cater to a variety of tastes and dietary requirements. For those seeking an effortless and enjoyable stay, our concierge and guest services are always on hand to assist with any needs, from booking tours to making restaurant reservations. Our housekeeping and maintenance teams ensure that all aspects of the hotel are pristine and functioning optimally, creating a clean and welcoming environment for our guests. Additionally, our recreational and wellness facilities, including a spa, gym, and pool, offer guests the chance to unwind and maintain their health and well-being while staying with us.

Located in the heart of Tucson, AZ, StaySerenity Inn serves both the local community and travelers visiting this vibrant city. Our strategic location allows easy access to the best that Tucson has to offer, including cultural sites, natural parks, shopping, and dining experiences, making us a perfect choice for those looking to explore the area.

Our unique position for success stems from several key factors. Firstly, our founder brings invaluable experience from previously running a successful hotel, ensuring that StaySerenity Inn benefits from proven strategies and a deep understanding of the hospitality industry. Additionally, we are committed to offering superior guest and accommodation services compared to our competition, setting new standards for what guests can expect during their stay.

Since our inception on January 3, 2024, as a Limited Liability Company, we have made significant strides in establishing StaySerenity Inn as a premier destination for guests. Our accomplishments to date include the creation of a distinctive logo that represents our brand’s values, the careful selection of a company name that communicates our mission, and securing a prime location that complements our offerings. These achievements mark the beginning of our journey to becoming a cornerstone of hospitality in Tucson, AZ.

The hotel industry in the United States is a robust and thriving market, with an estimated size of over $200 billion in revenue annually. This industry encompasses a wide range of accommodation options, from luxury resorts to budget-friendly motels, catering to a diverse range of travelers and tourists. With an increasing demand for travel and tourism in the country, the hotel industry is poised for continued growth in the coming years.

Market research indicates that the hotel industry in the United States is expected to experience steady growth in the upcoming years, driven by factors such as a growing economy, rising disposable incomes, and an increasing preference for travel experiences. As more Americans choose to explore different destinations and seek unique lodging options, the demand for hotels is expected to rise, creating opportunities for new players in the market like StaySerenity Inn.

Recent trends in the hotel industry, such as the rise of experiential travel, the popularity of boutique hotels, and the increasing focus on sustainability and eco-friendly practices, bode well for StaySerenity Inn. By offering personalized experiences, eco-conscious amenities, and a convenient location in Tucson, AZ, StaySerenity Inn is well-positioned to attract a growing segment of travelers who seek unique and memorable stays. With a focus on customer satisfaction and a commitment to providing exceptional service, StaySerenity Inn is poised to succeed in the thriving hotel industry in the United States.

Below is a description of our target customers and their core needs.

Target Customers

StaySerenity Inn will target local residents seeking a luxurious getaway without the need to travel far from home. This customer segment includes couples looking for a romantic weekend escape, families desiring a convenient vacation spot, and individuals needing a serene environment for relaxation or personal reflection. The Inn will tailor its offerings to cater to these local demands, from personalized spa services to family-friendly activities and romantic packages.

Aside from local residents, StaySerenity Inn will also attract business travelers who value convenience, comfort, and exceptional service. These customers often seek accommodations that provide a seamless blend of work and leisure amenities. The Inn will equip its facilities with state-of-the-art business centers, high-speed internet, and meeting rooms to meet the needs of this segment, while also offering leisure amenities that encourage relaxation after a day of work.

Additionally, StaySerenity Inn will target tourists and adventure-seekers visiting Tucson for its unique attractions and outdoor activities. This segment is drawn to experiences that are both enriching and authentic, from exploring the Sonoran Desert to cultural tours in the city. The Inn will offer customized tour packages and adventure experiences, making it an attractive choice for those wishing to explore the natural beauty and cultural richness of Tucson.

Customer Needs

StaySerenity Inn fulfills the essential need for high-quality accommodation, catering to guests seeking comfort, modern amenities, and exceptional service. Guests can expect meticulously designed rooms that blend luxury with functionality, ensuring a restful and productive stay. The Inn prioritizes cleanliness and customer care, making it a preferred choice for discerning travelers.

Understanding the diverse needs of its guests, StaySerenity Inn also offers a range of guest services designed to enhance their stay. From a concierge ready to assist with local recommendations to seamless check-in and check-out processes, every aspect is crafted to meet the high expectations of its guests. Additionally, amenities such as high-speed internet, a state-of-the-art fitness center, and on-site dining options cater to both leisure and business travelers alike.

Beyond the basics, StaySerenity Inn recognizes the growing demand for personalized experiences. Guests can enjoy tailor-made services, including room customization and event planning assistance, ensuring their stay is as unique as their preferences. This attention to detail not only satisfies the immediate needs of its guests but also fosters a lasting relationship, encouraging repeat visits.

StaySerenity Inn’s competitors include the following companies:

Hotel McCoy is an art hotel that focuses on local culture and retro vibes, offering its guests a unique blend of modern amenities and mid-century charm. The hotel provides services such as an outdoor pool, a fitness center, and a bar, all adorned with works from local artists. Its price points are moderate, making it accessible to a wide range of customers seeking an artsy yet affordable stay. Hotel McCoy serves not only tourists but also locals looking for a staycation with a twist. Its key strength lies in its unique branding and strong local partnerships. However, its reliance on a niche market could be considered a weakness, as it may not appeal to all segments of the broader traveler market.

Arizona Inn is an upscale, historic hotel known for its luxurious accommodations and exceptional service. It offers a range of services including fine dining, a swimming pool, tennis courts, and beautifully manicured gardens. The price points are on the higher end, targeting affluent travelers seeking a premium experience. Located in a serene part of Tucson, it attracts both leisure and business travelers who appreciate its quiet elegance and attention to detail. Arizona Inn’s key strengths are its historic charm, high-quality service, and exclusive ambiance. A potential weakness is its higher price point, which may limit its accessibility to a broader audience.

Hacienda Del Sol Guest Ranch Resort blends the rustic charm of a historic ranch with the luxury of a top-tier resort. It offers a variety of accommodations from rooms to private casitas, alongside amenities such as horseback riding, spa services, and fine dining. The resort caters to a premium segment, with price points reflecting its upscale offerings. It serves a diverse clientele, including couples on romantic getaways, families, and corporate groups. Hacienda Del Sol’s strengths include its unique historical background, extensive amenities, and breathtaking desert views. However, its niche appeal as a luxury ranch resort may not cater to all preferences, particularly those looking for a more urban or contemporary setting.

Competitive Advantages

At StaySerenity Inn, we pride ourselves on surpassing the expectations of our guests through unparalleled accommodation and guest services. Our dedication to creating a memorable and comfortable experience is evident in every aspect of our operations. We understand that the little details make a big difference, which is why we offer personalized services tailored to the specific needs of each guest. From the moment they check in, guests can expect a warm, welcoming atmosphere coupled with state-of-the-art amenities designed to cater to both leisure and business travelers. Our staff is trained to go above and beyond, ensuring that every stay is seamless and every guest feels valued and cared for.

Beyond our exceptional service, StaySerenity Inn stands out in the competitive Tucson hospitality market through our innovative approach to guest engagement and satisfaction. We leverage cutting-edge technology to enhance the guest experience, from mobile check-in and digital room keys to personalized room settings that can be adjusted before arrival. Additionally, our strategic location offers easy access to local attractions, making us an ideal choice for guests looking to explore the best of Tucson. Our commitment to sustainability and eco-friendly practices also sets us apart, appealing to environmentally conscious travelers seeking a green lodging option. By focusing on these areas, we not only meet but exceed the expectations of our guests, securing a competitive edge in the market.

Our marketing plan, included below, details our products/services, pricing and promotions plan.

Products and Services

StaySerenity Inn offers a variety of services tailored to meet the needs of every guest, ensuring a comfortable and memorable stay. The Inn prides itself on providing exceptional accommodation, dining experiences, and a comprehensive range of guest services and amenities aimed at enhancing the overall experience of its visitors.

Accommodation Services: Guests can expect to find a wide range of room and suite options designed to cater to diverse preferences and budgets. From standard rooms to luxurious suites, each space is meticulously furnished and equipped with modern amenities. Prices for accommodation services vary depending on the type and season but generally start at around $120 per night for a standard room, offering comfort and value to both leisure and business travelers.

Dining and Catering: The Inn features an on-site restaurant that serves a variety of gourmet dishes prepared with fresh, local ingredients. Guests can enjoy breakfast, lunch, and dinner in a cozy and elegant setting. For those who prefer dining in the comfort of their own room, room service is also available. The average price for a main course at the restaurant is approximately $25. Additionally, catering services for events and meetings are available upon request, with prices varying based on the menu and number of guests.

Concierge and Guest Services: StaySerenity Inn’s concierge team is dedicated to ensuring guests have a delightful and hassle-free stay. Services include booking tours and excursions, making restaurant reservations, arranging transportation, and more. While many of these services are complimentary, some, like guided tours and special event tickets, are available at an additional cost, depending on the activity.

Housekeeping and Maintenance: The Inn maintains the highest standards of cleanliness and comfort in all guest rooms and public areas. Daily housekeeping services are included in the room rate, ensuring that rooms are fresh and tidy. Maintenance issues are addressed promptly to ensure that all facilities are in perfect working order, contributing to a seamless guest experience.

Recreational and Wellness Facilities: For guests looking to relax and rejuvenate, StaySerenity Inn offers an array of recreational and wellness facilities, including a fitness center, outdoor pool, and spa. Access to the fitness center and pool is complimentary for all guests, while spa services, such as massages and treatments, are available for an additional fee, typically starting at $50 depending on the service.

At StaySerenity Inn, guests can expect a harmonious blend of comfort, luxury, and attentive service, all designed to make their stay in Tucson as enjoyable and relaxing as possible.

Promotions Plan

To attract customers, StaySerenity Inn employs a multifaceted approach to promotion, leveraging the power of online marketing while incorporating traditional and innovative tactics to ensure visibility and appeal. Understanding the importance of digital presence, StaySerenity Inn invests in a robust online marketing strategy. This includes a user-friendly website showcasing the hotel’s amenities, rooms, and services with high-quality images and virtual tours, allowing potential guests to experience the comfort and serenity of the hotel before they book. Social media platforms play a crucial role in this strategy, with regular posts highlighting special offers, guest reviews, and events at the hotel, engaging directly with a broad audience.

Email marketing campaigns are another essential component, targeting past guests and potential customers with personalized offers, updates, and newsletters, keeping StaySerenity Inn top of mind. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) ensures that when potential guests search for accommodations in Tucson, AZ, StaySerenity Inn appears among the top results, increasing its visibility and attracting more traffic to its website. Pay-per-click (PPC) advertising also amplifies this effect, targeting specific demographics and interests to drive bookings.

Beyond online marketing, StaySerenity Inn engages in local community events and partnerships with local businesses to build relationships and enhance its reputation. Hosting and sponsoring local events not only showcases the hotel’s commitment to the community but also provides direct exposure to potential guests. Collaborations with local attractions, restaurants, and businesses offer guests unique packages and experiences, making StaySerenity Inn a preferred choice for those looking to explore Tucson.

Furthermore, StaySerenity Inn implements a referral program, encouraging satisfied guests to refer friends and family with incentives, such as discounts on future stays. This word-of-mouth promotion is invaluable, building a loyal customer base and generating positive buzz around the hotel.

Lastly, StaySerenity Inn recognizes the importance of professional networking and will maintain a presence in local and regional hospitality associations, attending trade shows and networking events to forge connections within the industry, learn from peers, and stay ahead of trends that can enhance the guest experience.

Through these comprehensive promotional methods and tactics, StaySerenity Inn expects to not only attract customers but also create memorable experiences that encourage repeat visits and build a strong, loyal customer base in Tucson, AZ.

Our Operations Plan details:

• The key day-to-day processes that our business performs to serve our customers
• The key business milestones that our company expects to accomplish as we grow

Key Operational Processes

To ensure the success of StaySerenity Inn, there are several key day-to-day operational processes that we will perform.

• Check-in and Check-out Procedures: Efficiently manage guest check-ins and check-outs to minimize wait times and ensure a smooth process for guests. This includes preparing key cards, processing payments, and providing guests with all necessary information about their stay.
• Room Cleaning and Maintenance: Ensure that all rooms are thoroughly cleaned, sanitized, and ready for new guests by a specific time each day. This also involves regular maintenance checks to fix any issues such as plumbing problems, electrical faults, or general wear and tear.
• Customer Service: Provide excellent customer service at all times, including handling guest inquiries, complaints, and requests promptly and professionally. This also involves offering concierge services to help guests with restaurant reservations, directions, and recommendations for local attractions.
• Inventory Management: Regularly check and restock supplies such as toiletries, linens, and minibar items to ensure that everything guests might need is always available. This also includes managing inventory for the hotel’s restaurant or cafe if applicable.
• Food and Beverage Services: If the hotel has its own dining facilities, manage the operations of these services, including meal preparation, service quality, and hygiene standards. This also involves menu planning and ensuring that dietary requirements can be catered to.
• Financial Management: Monitor daily revenues and expenses to keep track of the hotel’s financial health. This includes processing payments, managing invoices, and preparing financial reports.
• Marketing and Promotions: Implement ongoing marketing strategies to attract new guests and encourage repeat business. This can include managing the hotel’s online presence, offering special promotions, and maintaining loyalty programs.
• Staff Management: Schedule and manage staff to ensure that all areas of the hotel are adequately covered. This involves training employees, managing shifts, and ensuring that the team works well together to provide the best possible service to guests.
• Health and Safety Compliance: Ensure that the hotel complies with all local health and safety regulations to provide a safe environment for guests and staff. This includes regular safety drills, food safety checks, and ensuring that all safety equipment is in place and working properly.
• Feedback Collection and Analysis: Collect feedback from guests through various channels such as comment cards, online reviews, and direct feedback to staff. Analyze this feedback to identify areas for improvement and implement changes where necessary.

StaySerenity Inn expects to complete the following milestones in the coming months in order to ensure its success:

• Identifying and Securing a Prime Location : Finding a location that is both appealing to potential guests and financially viable is crucial. This should be in proximity to local attractions, business centers, or natural beauty spots to attract a wide range of customers.
• Obtaining Necessary Permits and Licenses : Ensuring compliance with local regulations by obtaining all necessary permits and licenses for operation. This includes health and safety inspections, building codes, and any specific hospitality industry regulations in Tucson, AZ.
• Building and Furnishing the Hotel : Completing the construction or renovation of the hotel premises to meet the brand standards of StaySerenity Inn. This includes interior design and furnishing that align with the target market’s expectations and the brand’s image.
• Hiring and Training Staff : Recruiting a team of professionals who are committed to providing excellent customer service. This involves hiring for various positions including management, front desk, housekeeping, and any other roles necessary for the operation. Training is essential to ensure the team delivers service that meets the brand’s standards.
• Marketing and Promotional Activities : Implementing an effective marketing strategy to build brand awareness and attract guests. This includes digital marketing efforts, local advertising, partnerships with local businesses, and creating attractive packages or promotions.
• Launch Our Hotel : Officially opening StaySerenity Inn to the public. This milestone may include a soft launch period to gather initial feedback and make adjustments before the grand opening.
• Build a Strong Online Presence and Reputation Management : Developing a robust online presence through a user-friendly website, social media platforms, and listings on hotel booking sites. Actively managing online reviews and customer feedback to maintain a positive reputation.
• Achieve Operational Excellence : Streamlining operations to ensure guest satisfaction, efficient use of resources, and effective management of operational costs. This includes continuous training for staff, maintaining high standards of cleanliness and safety, and implementing eco-friendly practices.
• Get to $15,000/Month in Revenue : Reaching the financial milestone of generating $15,000 in monthly revenue. This will involve continuously analyzing performance, adjusting pricing strategies, and enhancing marketing efforts to increase occupancy rates and average daily rates.
• Establish Partnerships with Local Businesses and Attractions : Creating partnerships with local businesses, tour operators, and attractions to offer guests unique experiences and packages. This will not only enhance the guest experience but also contribute to increasing the hotel’s visibility and attractiveness. By achieving these milestones, StaySerenity Inn can mitigate risks and build a solid foundation for long-term success in Tucson, AZ.

StaySerenity Inn management team, which includes the following members, has the experience and expertise to successfully execute on our business plan:

Carter Mitchell, CEO

Carter Mitchell brings a wealth of experience and a proven track record to the role of CEO at StaySerenity Inn. With a history of noteworthy success in the hospitality industry, his leadership is rooted in practical experience, having previously managed a hotel with distinction. This background has afforded him a deep understanding of what it takes to run a successful lodging establishment, from operational efficiency to exceptional customer service. Mitchell’s strategic thinking, combined with his hands-on experience, positions him uniquely to propel StaySerenity Inn towards lasting success. His leadership skills and industry knowledge are critical in ensuring that the Inn not only meets but exceeds the expectations of its guests.

To reach our growth goals, StaySerenity Inn requires significant funding. This investment will be allocated towards securing our location, completing necessary renovations and furnishings in line with our brand vision, and covering operational costs until we reach our revenue targets. Our financial strategy is designed to ensure that we effectively manage our resources to establish a solid foundation for profitability and long-term success.

Financial Statements

Balance sheet.

[insert balance sheet]

Income Statement

[insert income statement]

Cash Flow Statement

[insert cash flow statement]

Hotel Business Plan Example PDF

Download our Hotel Business Plan PDF here. This is a free hotel business plan example to help you get started on your own hotel plan.  

How to Finish Your Hotel Business Plan in 1 Day!

Don’t you wish there was a faster, easier way to finish your hotel business plan?

With Growthink’s Ultimate Business Plan Template you can finish your plan in just 8 hours or less!

Hotel Business Plan Guide + Sample Plan

July 6, 2023

Adam Hoeksema

The hospitality industry offers immense potential, while some might believe that operating a hotel is straightforward, involving only accommodations and foot traffic, careful planning and meticulous execution are essential for achieving success, hence a well-structured business plan is indispensable.

Our primary expertise lies in hotel financial projection models but we understand that some of our clients require comprehensive business plans. That's why we've taken the initiative to delve into this topic and cover the following:

• Why Write a Business Plan For a Hotel?
• What to Include in a Hotel Business Plan?

Hotel Business Plan Outline

How to select a location for a hotel, how to analyze the competition for a hotel, how to create financial projections for a hotel, example hotel business plan, hotel business plan faqs, why write a business plan for a hotel.

For Hoteliers seeking financial support from investors, banks, or financial institutions, a well-structured business plan is a fundamental prerequisite. Demonstrating a thorough evaluation of the market, a clear and strategic approach, and a thoughtful assessment of potential risks and rewards is paramount to attracting the necessary funding for your venture.'

What to include in a hotel business plan?

A hotel business plan should provide investors and lenders with compelling reasons why guests will choose your hotel, demonstrate why you or your team are the ideal operators for the hotel, and present a financial projection that ensures their investment is secure. Below is a comprehensive outline of our complimentary hotel business plan template .

We suggest the following sections for your Hotel business plan

Executive Summary

Company Description

Market Analysis

Product and Service Offerings

Marketing Plan & Customer Acquisition

Operating Plan

Financial Plan

Choosing the right location for your hotel is a critical step in ensuring its success and captivating your target audience. To help you make the best decision, we present three essential points to consider when selecting a location for your hotel  Local Demand and Visitor Profile: Assess the local demand for hotel accommodations in the area. Analyze the type of visitors who frequently visit the locality, such as tourists, business travelers, or event attendees. Understanding the local visitor profile will help you tailor your hotel's offerings to meet their needs and preferences.

Proximity to Key Points of Interest: Look for a location that is in close proximity to key points of interest within the local area. This could include popular tourist attractions, convention centers, business districts, or entertainment venues. Being near such attractions increases the chances of attracting more guests and ensures a steady flow of potential customers.

Accessibility and Transportation Links : Ensure that the location is easily accessible by various modes of transportation. Consider the distance from major transportation hubs like airports, train stations, and bus terminals. Also, evaluate the availability of public transportation options nearby, as this will make it convenient for guests to travel to and from your hotel.

By focusing on these three points, you can identify a suitable local location for your hotel that caters to the specific needs of the local market and maximizes its potential for success.

There are a couple of tools that I like to use when analyzing the competition in the hotel industry. 

Ahrefs – Ahrefs will allow you to look up a competitor hotel's website, and you can see how much organic traffic they are getting and exactly what keywords are sending that traffic. For example, we can see that the Bottleworks Hotel in Indianapolis is receiving roughly 3,500 monthly visits from organic Google Search.  

We can also see what keywords are sending the most traffic to that page below:

By understanding the SEO strategies and keywords that competitor hotels are targeting, you can develop your content and marketing strategies to compete in the same spaces or identify underserved areas to capitalize on. This can assist in improving your hotel's online presence and attracting more guests through search engines.

TripAdvisor – Although mainly known as a review site, TripAdvisor can be a free and powerful tool for analyzing competition within the hotel industry. You can see guest ratings, read reviews, and understand what customers appreciate or dislike about different hotels in your area. This qualitative information can help you identify where your competitors are succeeding or failing and where you might have an opportunity to differentiate your services.

Just like in any industry, the hotel business has its own unique factors that impact financial projections, such as occupancy rates, room pricing, seasonal demand, and guest service expenditures. Utilizing a hotel financial projection template can simplify the process and increase your confidence. Creating accurate financial projections goes beyond showcasing your hotel venture's ability to generate revenue; it's about illustrating the financial roadmap to profitability and the realization of your hospitality goals.

To develop precise projections, consider the following key steps:

Estimate startup costs for your hotel business, including property acquisition or leasing, renovation or construction, furnishing and decoration, staff training, and initial marketing and branding expenses.

Forecast revenue based on projected occupancy rates, average room prices, ancillary service income (such as restaurants, spas, conference facilities), and potential growth in the customer base.

Project costs related to ongoing operations like housekeeping, food and beverage services, guest amenities, and maintenance.

Estimate operating expenses such as staff salaries, utility costs, property insurance, marketing expenses, guest support, and administrative costs.

Calculate the capital needed to launch and sustain your hotel business, covering initial expenses and providing working capital for continued growth, including funds for unforeseen challenges such as seasonal fluctuations.

While financial projections are a critical component of your hotel business plan, seek guidance from experienced professionals in the hotel industry. Adapt your projections based on real-world insights, leverage industry resources, and stay informed about hospitality trends and evolving consumer behavior to ensure your financial plan aligns with your goals and positions your hotel venture for long-term success.

Explore our Hotel Business Plan, presented below. If you prefer, you can access a downloadable Google Doc version of this hotel business plan template , allowing you to personalize and tailor it to your specific needs. Additionally, a helpful video walkthrough is available, guiding you through the process of customizing the business plan to perfectly align with your unique hotel concept.

Table of Contents

1. executive summary.

1.1 Organization Overview

1.2. Objectives

1.3. Mission Statement

2. Organization Description

2.1. Organization History

2.2. Legal Structure

2.3. Unique Value Proposition

2.4. Target Beneficiaries

3. Market Analysis

3.1. industry overview.

3.2. Collaborator and Competitor Identification

3.3. Target Beneficiaries

Key Point  1

4. Marketing and Fundraising

4.1. Strategic Plan

4.2. Program or Service Offerings:

4.4. Distribution Channels

4.5. Promotions and Fundraising

Key Point  2

5. Organizational Structure and Management

5.1. Organization’s Facility & Location

5.2. Staffing Plan and Volunteer Management

5.3. Governance, Financial Management, and Accountability

Key Point  3

6. financial plan.

6.1. Startup Costs

6.3. Expense Projections

6.4. profit and loss statement, 6.5. cash flow projections, 6.6. break-even analysis, 7. appendix.

7.1. Supporting Documents

7.2. Glossary of Term

7.3. References and Resources

Key Point  5

 1.1. company overview.

Briefly introduce the hotel's background, products or services, and target market.

      -  Example: Seaside Crest is a tropical-themed hotel located in Key West, Florida, offering a unique and luxurious experience for guests seeking a beachfront getaway.

   1.2. Objectives

Outlines the hotel's short-term and long-term goals.

        - Example:  Establish Seaside Crest as the premier destination for tropical hospitality in Key West, providing exceptional service and unforgettable experiences for our guests.

        - Example: Long-term: Expand our presence in other tropical destinations while maintaining our commitment to quality and guest satisfaction.

  1.3. Mission Statement

 Describes the hotel's purpose and core values.

        - Example:  At Seaside Crest, our mission is to create a haven of relaxation and tropical paradise for our guests. We are dedicated to delivering exceptional hospitality, breathtaking surroundings, and personalized service, ensuring that every guest's stay is a memorable one.

  1.4. Keys to Success

Highlights the factors that will contribute to the hotel's growth and success.

        - Example:  The success of Seaside Crest lies in our commitment to creating a tropical ambiance, offering top-notch amenities, providing outstanding customer service, and delivering a seamless guest experience. 

2. Company Description

   2.1. company history.

Provides context on the hotel's background and founding story.

        - Example: Seaside Crest is the brainchild of founder and hotelier, Emily Roberts, who envisioned creating a tropical paradise in Key West, Florida. With a passion for hospitality and a deep love for the coastal beauty of the region, Emily embarked on the journey of bringing Seaside Crest to life.

   2.2. Legal Structure

 Describes the hotel's legal structure (e.g., sole proprietorship, partnership, LLC, corporation).

        - Example: Seaside Crest operates as a limited liability corporation (LLC)

 2.3. Unique Selling Proposition

  Emphasizes the hotel's competitive advantage or unique offerings.

        - Example: Seaside Crest distinguishes itself by offering a one-of-a-kind tropical-themed experience, combining luxurious accommodations, breathtaking beachfront views, vibrant island-inspired decor, and personalized service. 

  2.4. Target Market

Defines the hotel's ideal customer base.

        - Example: Seaside Crest caters to discerning travelers and vacationers who seek an extraordinary beachside retreat in Key West, Florida. 

  Presents a general overview of the industry, its trends, and growth potential.

        - Example: The tropical hotel industry in Key West, Florida, is a thriving sector driven by the city's popularity as a tourist destination, the allure of its tropical climate, and the abundance of natural beauty that surrounds it.

3.2. Competitor Analysis

 Evaluates the hotel's direct and indirect competitors, as well as their strengths and weaknesses.

        - Example: Other hotels and resorts in Key West offering tropical-themed accommodations.

        - Example: Vacation rentals, bed and breakfast establishments, and boutique hotels in the area.

3.3. Target Market Analysis

Explores the hotel's target customers, their demographics, preferences, and pain points.

        - Example: Seaside Crest targets vacationers and travelers seeking a tropical getaway in Key West. Our primary market includes couples, honeymooners, and families looking for luxurious accommodations with a distinct tropical ambiance and proximity to the beach.

3.4. Market Opportunities

Identifies potential opportunities for the hotel to grow within the market.

        - Example: Seaside Crest can capitalize on market opportunities by offering unique amenities and experiences such as beachfront dining, spa services inspired by tropical traditions, and curated excursions to explore the natural wonders of Key West. Collaborations with local businesses for island-inspired dining and entertainment can further enhance the guest experience.

• Example 1: Conduct a survey among tourists in the area to determine their preferences for tropical-themed accommodations and their interest in a hotel with a beachfront location. (e.g., 80% of surveyed tourists express a strong preference for hotels with a tropical theme and direct beach access)
• Example 2: Analyze the occupancy rates and average daily rates of existing hotels in Key West to assess the demand and pricing trends in the market. (e.g., The average occupancy rate in Key West hotels during peak season is 85%, indicating a high demand for accommodations)

4. Marketing and Sales Strategy

4.1. product or service offerings: .

Describes the hotel's products or services in detail.

        - Example: Seaside Crest offers a range of tropical-themed accommodations and amenities, including luxury guest rooms, beachfront dining, spa services, and curated excursions.

4.2. Pricing Strategy

 Outlines the hotel's approach to pricing its products or services.

        - Example: Seaside Crest adopts a competitive pricing strategy, providing value for money while maintaining the exclusivity and high-quality experience associated with a tropical-themed hotel.

4.3. Sales Strategy

  Explains how the hotel plans to generate sales and build customer relationships.

        - Seaside Crest will implement a comprehensive sales strategy that includes online booking platforms, direct marketing to travel agencies, and partnerships with local tour operators to attract and engage potential guests.

 Describes the methods through which the hotel will deliver its products or services to customers.

   - Example: Seaside Crest will primarily distribute its services through online travel agencies, direct bookings through its website, and collaborations with travel agencies specializing in tropical getaways.

4.5. Promotions and Advertising

 Details the hotel's promotional efforts and advertising strategies.

        - Example: Seaside Crest will employ targeted marketing initiatives, utilizing social media and search engine platforms, to enhance brand visibility and attract new guests seeking a tropical-themed hotel experience in Key West..

• Example 1: Collaborate with local travel agencies to offer exclusive vacation packages that include a stay at Seaside Crest, showcasing the unique tropical experience and attracting potential guests. (e.g., 50 vacation packages sold within the first month of collaboration)
• Example 2: Organize a pre-launch event at a popular local venue, inviting travel influencers and bloggers to experience a preview of the hotel's amenities and share their impressions on social media. (e.g., 10 influencers with a combined reach of 500,000 followers attend the event and generate significant online buzz)
• Example 3: Offer a giveaway on social media to build a following

5. Facility Maintenance and Operations Plan:

   5.1. facility location and layout.

 Specify the hotel's physical business location and refer to the internal arrangement and organization of the space.

        - Example:Seaside Crest will secure a prime location in Key West, strategically positioned in close proximity to the beach and popular tourist attractions. The hotel's layout will be designed for optimal guest comfort and convenience, with thoughtfully arranged spaces and amenities.

5.2. Safety and Security:

Cover the hotel's comprehensive approach to safety and security, including surveillance systems, access control measures, etc.

        - Example: Seaside Crest will prioritize the safety and security of our guests and staff. We will implement robust security measures, including surveillance systems, access control, and trained personnel to monitor and respond to any potential threats or emergencies.

5.3. Cleaning and Housekeeping:

  Involves the hotel's procedures to ensure high standards of cleanliness, hygiene, etc.

        - Example: Our dedicated housekeeping staff will maintain the highest standards of cleanliness throughout the hotel, including guest rooms, common areas, and amenities. We will follow strict protocols to ensure a hygienic and pleasant environment for our guests.

• Example: The founding team of Seaside Crest includes Sarah Johnson, a seasoned hotelier with over 10 years of experience in managing luxury beachfront resorts, ensuring a deep understanding of the hotel industry's dynamics and customer expectations.
• Bennet  Leifer a renowned interior designer specializing in tropical-themed hospitality spaces, brings his expertise to Seaside Crest, ensuring the hotel's aesthetics align with the target market's preferences and create a memorable guest experience.

5.4. Energy Efficiency:

Involves energy-efficient practices and technologies to minimize energy consumption, reduce utility costs, and promote sustainability 

        - Example: As a responsible and sustainable hotel, Seaside Crest will strive to minimize energy consumption and reduce our environmental impact. We will implement energy-efficient practices, such as using energy-saving appliances, LED lighting, and smart systems for temperature control.

5.4.  Inventory Management:

includes tracking and controlling supplies, equipment, and amenities to optimize operations.

        - Example: Seaside Crest will employ an efficient inventory management system to track and manage hotel resources, including linens, toiletries, and other supplies. This system will ensure optimal inventory levels, minimize waste, and support smooth day-to-day operations.

All of the unique Hotel projections you see here were generated using ProjectionHub’s Hotel Financial Projection Template. Use PH20BP to enjoy a 20% discount on the template. 

   6.1. Startup Costs

  Provide a detailed breakdown of the total startup costs requirements, and where you plan for those funds to come from. You will also want to break down how the startup costs will be used including working capital to cover losses before the business breaks even.

        - Example: The total startup costs for Seaside Crest are estimated at $7,335,552. The owner plans to secure a business loan of $15,000, with  $7,500,000 contributed through personal funds.

6.2. Revenue Projections

Provide an estimate of the hotel's future revenue based on market research and assumptions.

        - Example:  Seaside Crest projects increasing revenue over the next five years, with $3,282,587 in the first year and reaching $5,938,052 by the fifth year.

Watch how to create financial projections for your Hotel

 Estimates the hotel's future expenses, including fixed and variable costs.

        - Example:  Seaside Crest's expenses include cost of goods sold, operating expenses, and direct labor and supply costs for the hotel, restaurant, spa, and events.

Summarizes the hotel's revenue, expenses, and net income over a specific period.

        - Example: Seaside Crest expects to achieve net income of $375,657 in the first year, growing to $1,845,652 by the fifth year, demonstrating a consistent increase in profitability.

 Outlines the hotel's projected cash inflows and outflows.

        - Example: Cash flow projections for Seaside Crest consider the seasonality of the hotel industry, ensuring effective financial management throughout the year.

  Determines the point at which the hotel's revenue equals its expenses.

        - Example: Seaside Crest anticipates reaching its break-even point within the first year of operation, indicating a strong potential for early profitability in the hotel industry.

Key Point  4

• Example 1: Benchmark financial projections against industry averages, such as the average revenue per available room (RevPAR) and average daily rate (ADR) for hotels in Key West, to ensure realistic revenue forecasts. (e.g., Seaside Crest's projected ADR is $250, in line with the average ADR of comparable beachfront hotels)
• Example 2: Analyze historical data from similar hotels in the area to estimate seasonality and demand fluctuations, accounting for factors like peak tourism seasons and local events. (e.g., Seaside Crest projects a 90% occupancy rate during the winter season based on the historical occupancy rates of nearby beachfront hotels)

   7.1. Supporting Documents

 Includes any relevant documentation that supports the information presented in the business plan, such as resumes, financial projections, market research data, and permits or licenses.

   7.2. Glossary of Term

 Provides definitions for industry-specific terms used throughout the business plan to ensure reader comprehension.

   7.3. References and Resources

Lists any sources or resources referenced during the preparation of the business plan, including industry reports, market research data, and relevant publications.

• Example 1: the owners of Seaside Crest invest a significant portion of their personal savings into the hotel's development and operations, demonstrating their commitment and confidence in the success of the venture. Additionally, they secure a personal guarantee for the hotel's financing, further aligning their interests with lenders and showcasing their willingness to share the risk.

How do I start a hotel business from scratch?

Starting a hotel business from scratch involves several key steps. Begin by conducting market research to identify a suitable location and target market. Develop a detailed business plan that outlines your hotel's concept, services, and financial projections. Secure funding through personal savings, loans, or investors. Obtain necessary permits and licenses and hire staff with hospitality experience.

What type of hotel should I open, and how do I choose a niche?

The type of hotel you open depends on your target market and location. Consider factors such as the level of service, amenities, and price range. Choose a niche that aligns with your interests and the demand in the local market. Options include boutique hotels, budget accommodations, luxury resorts, or themed hotels.

What marketing strategies can I use to promote my hotel?

Use a mix of digital marketing, social media, content marketing, and search engine optimization (SEO) to reach potential guests online. Collaborate with local tourism boards, travel agencies, and event planners to promote your hotel. Encourage positive reviews and testimonials to build credibility.

About the Author

Adam is the Co-founder of ProjectionHub which helps entrepreneurs create financial projections for potential investors, lenders and internal business planning. Since 2012, over 50,000 entrepreneurs from around the world have used ProjectionHub to help create financial projections.

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• How to Create a Hotel Business Plan: Beginners Guide

November 21, 2023

Would you build a house without a blueprint?

Probably not, because it could lead to inconvenience and problems.

The same concept is genuine in the corporate world.

It would be best to have a business plan to operate in the hospitality industry. When planning to own or operate a hotel, you must include everything from the project strategy to budgeting and implementation.

As the studies show that the global hospitality industry is expected to grow to 5.8 trillion U.S. dollars in 2027 at a CAGR of 5.5%, a detailed roadmap is what you need to enter the hotel business.

A hotel business plan will keep you on track and help attract investors. Remember, it is a crucial component for planning for success .

Let’s explore the concrete steps to include in your hotel business plan.

The path starts here.

5 Key Components of a Hotel Business Plan

Having a business plan is a no-brainer.

With a solid business plan, attracting investors , staying on track, ensuring workflows are followed, and enabling you to make crucial decisions becomes more accessible.

Let’s explore the critical components of the business plan for a hotel:

1. Executive Summary

An executive summary is a quick and concise part of a business plan that provides a complete roadmap of your hotel business.

A concise business overview encapsulating visionary business goals is a strategic compass, providing a snapshot of a company’s direction and objectives.

It offers stakeholders a quick understanding of the business’s purpose and potential, aiding informed decision-making and fostering alignment with the organization’s vision.

An executive summary should include:

• Business Overview
• Vision statement
• Mission statement
• Business objectives

You must write your executive summary at the final stage of business planning , as it would help you summarize the goals and objectives of your hotel business.

2. Business Description and Concept

A business plan’s business description and concept section should clarify your mission, the goals you are looking to achieve, unique selling points, and a breakdown of shareholder involvement.

In this section, you will outline the full-service hotel’s concept , target market, unique selling points, and overall vision, which is crucial for standing out in the competitive landscape.

The hotel landscape looked very different 20 years ago; today’s market is saturated.

Therefore, defining hotel concepts around the following key elements will help.

• Positioning

Hotel concept must define how your hotel should look like, what services will be offered, how it presents and markets itself the differentiating factors, and how its staff interacts with guests. Providing this information helps establish a clear market position and enhances its chances of success.

3. Market Analysis and Competitive Landscape

A comprehensive market analysis is indispensable in a business plan. It provides vital insights into the target market, industry, competitive landscape, and consumer behavior.

Understanding hotel industry trends enables you to make informed decisions, mitigate risks, and identify market gaps and opportunities. It’s the foundation for a successful and sustainable business strategy.

Take a broad look and analyze industry trends using business models such as SWOT, Porter’s five forces framework, and PESTEL analysis.

• SWOT Analysis

A SWOT analysis will give you an in-depth analysis of the hotel industry’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.

• Porter’s Five Forces Framework

Porter’s five forces framework helps you look beyond direct competitors when assessing strategy and, instead, consider broader environmental forces. It is best for in-depth competitor assessment and helps create a stand-out USP.

• PESTEL Analysis

PESTEL is an acronym for political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental. It gives a bird’s eye view of the whole environment from many different angles that one wants to check and keep track of while contemplating a business plan.

A thorough analysis can help solidify your competitive advantage and develop a contingency plan for how you will deal with your weaknesses and threats.

4. Organizational Structure and Management

An organizational structure is an integral part of the business plan as it provides an overview of the hotel’s management roles according to job responsibility and ranking.

Organizational structure enables quick decision-making , better coordination, and employee communication, enhancing productivity. It ensures the proper functioning of an organization by establishing its chain of command and workflow.

While structuring your hotel team, there are different types of organizational structures that you can choose from:

• Hierarchical

Management operational expertise is essential to ensure that each department carries out its goals to the best ability possible and handles any roadblocks that may stand in the way of business.

Let’s look at what management hierarchy looks like, practically speaking.

• Business owner
• General manager
• Assistant managers
• Department managers
• Operations staff

Detail your short and long-term operational plans and the stakeholders involved for each area. Mention efficient management practices that will help you make better strategic decisions relating to resources and make it easier to scale up your hotel business.

5. Services and Facilities

In this business plan section, you must mention all your hotel services, facilities, and guest offerings. Meeting guest expectations should be at the core of your hotel business plan.

You can enhance its appeal to potential investors and define the guest’s journey by showcasing services and facilities to meet diverse guest needs. Moreover, by outlining the services and facilities, the hotel can create a unique selling proposition and tailor its marketing efforts accordingly.

Here’s a list of standard services and facilities you can find in many hotels:

• Accommodation
• Front Desk Services
• Meeting and Event Facilities
• Recreational Facilities
• Business Services.
• Housekeeping
• Transportation Services
• Entertainment
• Concierge Services
• Childcare Services
• Pet-Friendly Services
• Special Needs Accessibility
• Luggage Storage
• Laundry and Dry Cleaning
• Room Amenities
• Spa and Wellness Services
• Emergency Services
• Wi-Fi and Internet Access

All the quality hotel amenities , services, and facilities must be mentioned in your business plan and aligned with the preferences of your target market.

Financial Projections and Funding

Establishing financial projections and identifying funding requirements and sources is fundamental to planning. They provide a roadmap for the hotel’s financial future, outlining revenue expectations, expense estimates, and profit projections.

Additionally, it offers a clear understanding of the return on investment potential, mitigating financial risks and ensuring sound financial planning for the hotel’s success and long-term sustainability.

Revenue Projections and Budgeting

Revenue projections and budgeting are essential for assessing the business’s viability, attracting investors or securing loans, and demonstrating a well-thought-out financial strategy.

Understanding the financial feasibility of the hotel business is essential to reduce or manage your business risk.

In this section, you should include the following:

• Revenue Projections
• Expense Projections
• Profit and Loss Statements
• Cash Flow Projections
• Financial Statement
• Break-Even Analysis
• Funding Requirements
• Use of Funds
• Funding Sources
• Return on Investment (ROI)
• Financial Assumptions
• Financial Contingency Plan
• Debt Repayment Plan
• Sensitivity Analysis

Financial forecasting based on sustainable budget practices will help you to decide whether a project or an investment is worthwhile by looking at its value and the minimum yield it generates. It

Funding Requirements and Investment Plan

Having an investment plan before starting the hotel business will provide a clear financial requirements roadmap, ensuring adequate capital for startup and improving ongoing operations .

Attracting investors and lenders becomes more accessible with a solid funding and investment plan, as it demonstrates financial preparedness to the investors and lenders.

Here’s how you can structure this section in your business plan:

• Startup Capital
• Working Capita
• Equity Investment
• Grants and Subsidies
• ROI Projections
• Exit Strategy
• Risk Mitigation
• Legal and Contractual Agreements

Securing hotel funding and attracting investments for your hotel becomes more accessible with a clear and well-structured plan. It instills confidence and makes your home business more attractive and feasible.

Risk Analysis and Mitigation

A Proactive approach to risk analysis and mitigation helps you develop contingency plans.

It helps mitigate operational, financial, and reputational threats , ensuring the safety and satisfaction of guests, protecting investments, and maintaining business continuity, ultimately supporting long-term profitability and success in a competitive industry.

Addressing risk mitigation strategies in the plan is crucial in creating a resilient and sustainable business model in the competitive and ever-evolving hotel industry.

To manage risks in the hotel business, you can implement the following strategies:

• Risk avoidance – For example, you may face a risk where you won’t be able to serve the customers on time due to a lack of staff. To avoid this risk, you could hire the correct number of staff in case of a seasonal rush at the hotel.
• Risk reduction – For example, you can’t serve an essential ingredient for your dish at your hotel due to seasonality issues. To avoid this risk, you must ensure inventory management practices and have connections with multiple suppliers.
• Risk transfer – For example, if you don’t have the expertise to maintain social media, you are at a loss for online opportunities. You can outsource digital marketing to an expert agency to avoid this risk.
• Risk control – For example, if you cannot achieve a certain staff performance level. To avoid this risk, you can provide on-site training and development.

The hotel business plan is committed to safeguarding investments and ensuring guest safety and satisfaction by identifying and assessing potential risks.

It also reassures investors, lenders, and stakeholders that the hotel is well-prepared to navigate unforeseen circumstances, enhancing confidence in the project’s viability.

Implementation Plan and Milestones

A strategy implementation plan is a detailed roadmap that clearly defines the steps and activities required to execute the strategy effectively.

In this section, you must present a breakdown of tasks into identifiable steps, assign tasks and responsibilities to the people involved, and create a definitive timeline for the entire project.

Operational Plan

An operational plan outlines the steps to achieve your hotel business objectives. It is helpful for investors and your employees because it pushes you to think about tactics and deadlines.

Your operations plan should be able to answer the following:

• Who – The person or departments in charge of completing specific tasks.
• What – A description of what each department is responsible for.
• Where – The information on where daily operations will be taking place.
• When –The deadlines for when the tasks and goals are to be completed.
• How much – The cost amount each department needs to complete their tasks

When creating your operational plan, consider all the activities that will help implement hotel operations, ensuring service excellence . Make sure your strategic objectives are in place and relevant.

Below is the list of the day-to-day operation plan for service delivery.

• Reception and Guest Services
• Food and Beverage Services
• Maintenance and Engineering
• Accounting and Finance
• Sales and Marketing
• Reservations and Front Desk
• Health and Safety
• Guest Relations and Services
• Room Reservations and Inventory
• Procurement and Supplies
• Efficient Staffing

Marketing and Promotion Strategy

Marketing strategy and promotion plans help hotel reach their target audience, build brand awareness, and drive sales. With it, a company may be able to compete, gain visibility, or achieve growth goals.

A well-defined marketing and promotion strategy is pivotal for revenue growth, profitability, and long-term success, ensuring that the hotel stands out and thrives in the hospitality sector.

Hotels increasingly embrace moral marketing , prioritizing sustainability, social responsibility, and ethical practices to connect with conscious consumers and create a positive impact. Include this in your business plan to manage the costs associated with green initiatives, ethical sourcing, social responsibility, and marketing to prioritize moral marketing and sustainability.

As a hotel business owner, online and offline marketing strategies must align with the hotel’s overall objectives and goals, enabling the hotel to achieve the desired operational efficiencies.

Online marketing and promotion strategies for the hotel business include:

• Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
• Pay-Per-Click Advertising (PPC)
• Social Media Marketing
• Email Marketing
• Online Travel Agencies (OTAs)
• Content Marketing
• Influencer Marketing
• Online Review Management

Offline promotion initiatives for guest attraction used by hotel business include:

• Local Event Sponsorship
• Print Advertising
• Direct Mail Marketing
• Travel Trade Shows
• Networking with Local Businesses
• Billboards and Signage

Promoting your hotel business will help you reach potential guests and give them a reason to choose your hotel over the competition, thanks to your unique value proposition.

Milestones and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Setting milestones and key performance indicators helps hotel businesses stay on track and focused on achieving goals. These measurements enable informed decision-making , highlight areas that require improvement, and can be instrumental in adapting strategies to market trends.

Milestones and KPIs ensure goal tracking and enable accountability and efficiency, contributing to the overall success and sustainability of the hotel business.

Following are the ways to set milestones for your hotel business:

• Revenue Growth Targets
• Occupancy Rate Goals
• Customer Satisfaction Improvements
• Expansion and Renovation Milestones
• Marketing and Advertising Milestones
• Staff Training and Development Benchmarks
• Sustainability and Green Initiatives Targets

Once you’ve identified the milestones for hotel business performance , you can define key metrics to analyze the outcomes.

Critical metrics for tracking hotel performance:

• Occupancy Rate
• Average Daily Rate ( ADR )
• Revenue per Available Room ( RevPAR )
• Gross Operating Profit per Available Room ( GOPPAR )
• Customer Satisfaction Scores
• Direct Booking Percentage

Now, as we navigate the hotel business plan, this outline will be the compass that guides your venture toward success.

Conclusion on business plan creation showcases that your vision and strategies will serve as a tool to instill confidence in investors.

This meticulous planning, coupled with your commitment, inspires investor confidence and secures the necessary support for turning your hotel dream into a prosperous reality.

Maximize your hotel business by leveraging this dynamic plan to achieve your goals.

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How to create a business plan for a hotel

Are you interested in being part of the hospitality industry or even dreaming of operating your own hotel? Do you have a passion for providing e­xceptional guest experiences? Before embarking on a project in this competitive industry, it’s essential to create a solid business plan. This compre­hensive guide is de­signed to equip aspiring entre­preneurs with the necessary knowledge and tools to develop effective business plans for hotels. We’ll also explore relevant skills and qualifications that can support your journey to success.

What is a hotel business plan?

A hotel busine­ss plan is a comprehe­nsive blueprint for running a venue that offers accommodation in the hospitality industry. It covers all the necessary de­tails related to setting up and ope­rating a hotel business.

The business plan is a roadmap, outlining important aspects such as market analysis, manage­ment structure, marketing plans, ope­rational strategies, and financial projections. It provide­s guidance for your actions and decisions as you take the project forward.

Why do you need a hotel business plan?

Similar to how architects create blueprints before constructing a building, it’s essential to have a strategic plan when starting a hotel business. Securing initial funding is ofte­n necessary for any new ve­nture. To convince financial institutions or private­ investors your idea is a wise inve­stment, it’s vital to have a detailed busine­ss plan for your hotel.

A structure­d plan helps you navigate­ each step, from choosing the right location to ide­ntifying your market niche and defining the­ scale of your operations. Whethe­r your dream is to own a cozy bed and breakfast or manage­ a luxury resort that rivals the top hotel brands , the first step is crafting a plan. While this may feel ove­rwhelming at first, breaking it down into smalle­r, manageable sections can make­ the task more approachable.

If you are looking to start a hotel business, being able to make a business plan is vital. And you can develop all the knowledge essential for this crucial step by studying for a hospitality degree.

First-class teaching and exclusive opportunities for professional networking make this course essential if you want to launch and manage a hotel business.

Starting your hotel business plan

If you want to start a hotel business, the following steps are essential as part of your business plan:

• Define your concept: this involves looking at your business idea, saying what makes your offering different, and defining its USPs (unique selling points). You should also consider the existing gaps in the market that your particular hotel may address.
• Identify target audience: consider who would be most attracted by various types of hotels and research demographics such as age bracket and socio-economic status, plus preferences and travel patterns
• Study the location: understand how this chosen environment potentially influences operational dynamics, such as seasonal variations affecting revenue inflow or local competition restraining the scope for expansion
• Seek professional guidance: engage professionals with expertise relevant to various aspects of developing hotels, such as property acquisition experts, legal structure advisors, architects, and interior designers

Hotel industry, market and competitor analysis

When crafting business plans for hotels, understanding the industry and competition is crucial. The first step in creating a constructive hotel plan is analyzing the broader trends and features of the sector that will help you position your establishment strategically while identifying promising opportunities. You need to look at:

• Market size and growth
• Regulatory environment
• Consumer behavior

This will help you evaluate the most important factors and help you see how to achieve your business goals. After this, you should be able to start making your plan, whether that’s an entrepreneur business plan as a hotel business owner or a plan as part of your job.

Hotel’s services and amenities

It’s vital not to overlook the importance of services and amenities when developing business plans for hotels. These elements are key to shaping your guest experience, which is pivotal to the success or failure of your hoteling business.

How do you make your hotel stand out in this crowded marketplace? First, identify your target clientele. Every customer demographic has unique needs. For example, a family with young children would appreciate kid-friendly facilities such as a children’s menu in the hotel restaurant, while traveling professionals might value complimentary Wi-Fi or a business center.

Once you’ve nailed down who your audience is likely to be, list potential services and amenities that will appeal to them. You should consider:

• Basic amenities: this refers to essentials such as comfort of rooms and bedding, bathrooms and toiletries
• Technological means: free high-speed internet access is expected by most guests
• Food and beverage: restaurants with a range of offerings at flexible times appeal to many customers
• Health and wellness services: gym, yoga, and spas are a major attraction for many guests
• Other offerings: this could include sightseeing tours, access to local events or concierge services

Business operations, management and marketing

A successful hotel business plan requires detailed descriptions of operations and hotel management strategies that ensure smooth functioning. They must be practical, cost-effective, and streamlined. 

Hotel operations

Operating a hotel involves meticulous coordination, starting from managing room reservations to supervising staff members. To help identify potential obstacles, business plans for hotels should detail certain operational components such as:

• Guest service standards: clearly outline what kind of experience you intend to offer visitors
• Supplier handling: resolving issues related to procurement and timely delivery demands careful planning
• Employee training procedures: well-trained people are vital for executing quality services

Hotel marketing

Marketing forms an influential part of a successful hotel plan. Increasingly, a solid focus on digital marketing is essential. This could include:

• Creating an engaging website that showcases unique offerings such as amenities or location
• Leveraging search engine optimization (SEO) techniques for increased visibility online
• Using social media platforms to connect directly with potential customers

Successful marketing strategies tailored towards your target customers will help ensure optimal occupancy rate and revenue.

Hotel distribution

The importance of astute distribution cannot be underestimated in hotel profitability. Distribution channels principally include online travel agencies or direct bookings through your website or booking call centers. 

Strategically analyze which platform aligns best with your hotel’s business needs before making decisions on partnerships. Selecting diverse but suitable channels improves the chances of filling rooms and increasing profit.

Keys to your hotel’s financial business plan

Critical to any business plan is the financial section. This goes beyond just keeping a balance sheet. It supports your vision and mission, supplying objective evidence your hotel business concept has been meticulously researched. Building a financial plan requires the following steps:

Understand revenue streams

The first part of your financial plan involves identifying revenue streams and potential return on investment. Every hotel plan should outline its sources of income, which usually comprise room revenue, food and beverage, and sometimes income from spa or banqueting services.

Cost analysis

Next on your radar should be a thorough cost analysis. This addresses operating costs and initial expenses such as purchase prices if you’re thinking of buying a hotel. If you’re trying to answer the question ‘How much does it cost to own a hotel?’ you’ll need a detailed breakdown of overheads such as staff wages, utilities, marketing efforts, and ongoing maintenance.

Profitability projections

Any financial business model a hotel may follow must include a profitability projection. Establishing projections helps investors answer the question ‘Are hotels profitable?’. For this, you will need to provide well-reasoned, yearly projections that take into account peak seasons and off-peak periods – and it’s the same in a large or small hotel plan.

Risk management

Risk management is essential in any sector, including the hospitality industry . Whether it’s potential regulatory changes or economic downturns, contingency plans will boost confidence among prospective investors and lend credibility.

Incorporating these elements into business plans for hotels will yield an in-depth picture of how the venue will function financially – initially and over time. 

Simple small hotel business plan template

Simplicity is key when creating business plans for hotels, particularly smaller e­stablishments. It helps maintain focus and reduces the risk of overlooking key e­lements. A simple hote­l plan allows you to emphasize core se­rvices, outline key marke­ting strategies, estimate­ expenses, and proje­ct potential income clearly and straightforwardly.

Below is a simplifie­d framework to guide you through the process of creating a successful plan for a small hotel:

• Executive summary: in this section, provide­ an overview of your hotel’s ope­rating model. Specify whethe­r it will be a boutique guesthouse­ or budget lodgings and mention your target custome­r base. Will you be catering to tourists or local busine­sses? A concise snapshot of your hoteling busine­ss vision will build a solid foundation for the re­st of your plan
• Market analysis: instead of exte­nsive market rese­arch, it’s important to prioritize identifying primary compe­titors and understanding their custome­r acquisition strategies. This information will he­lp refine your approach
• Services and amenities: take a mome­nt to consider what sets your small hotel apart. Is it the unique and charming decor? The complime­ntary breakfast that adds value for guests? Maybe­ it’s the round-the-clock staff availability, ensuring excellent service­ whenever ne­eded? Be sure­ to highlight these special fe­atures that make your establishme­nt stand out from others
• Marketing plan: you need to consider a range of factors that set you apart from competitors in this section, especially your location. Maybe you’re in a popular tourist area or near major attractions, which could give you an e­dge. Emphasizing personalize­d service can also make a significant difference
• Operational structure:   it’s important to de­signate who will be responsible­ for daily operations so that you have accountability and so you can check progress as your business develops. You should also outline staff roles that nee­d to be filled, such as houseke­eping or receptionist positions.

Skills needed to plan a hotel business

To create­ effective busine­ss plans, there are se­veral essential skills you will need to develop. Among the most important are:

• Strategic thinking : the ability to deve­lop a comprehensive plan that will guide­ the organization towards its goals and objectives
• Problem-solving : ide­ntifying and addressing any challenges that may arise­ during implementation
• Effective­ communication: necessary for delivering the plan in a cle­ar and concise way so it can be e­asily understood by all involved parties
• Financial analysis : being able to understand financial stateme­nts and make informed decisions re­garding finances
• Marketing : how to develop and impleme­nt a marketing strategy that successfully grabs custome­rs’ attention and boosts sales
• Sales : the ability to e­ffectively prese­nt and persuade investors and othe­r stakeholders about the me­rits of the business plan
• Project management : managing the implementation of the business plan and tracking its progress
• Adaptability : it’s essential to be flexible, especially in the face of market and environme­ntal changes. You must be able to adjust and modify the­ business plan as neede­d

How to learn more about business planning

There are many ways to learn business planning. Here are a few tips:

• Study a degree course tailored towards starting your own business or helping make business plans for existing hotels
• Consider taking a busine­ss planning course to improve your skills. Look for course­s available online, at community college­s, or universities. These­ provide valuable knowle­dge and guidance on business planning fundame­ntals, allowing you to develop the ne­cessary skills for creating successful busine­ss plans
• Read books and articles on the topic. Many resources are available­ that offer insights and strategie­s to help you create e­ffective business plans
• Engage in conve­rsations with fellow entrepre­neurs. This can be an invaluable­ opportunity to gain insights into the world of business planning and valuable advice
• Engage with the busine­ss community as a way to learn about business planning. Consider atte­nding networking events, joining busine­ss organizations, and offering your time as a voluntee­r to support other businesses
• Consider se­eking assistance from a professional busine­ss consultant. They can provide valuable guidance­ and support throughout the process

Our online master’s program gives you the flexibility to study around your working life, allowing you to refine skills that can open doors to more senior roles.

A well-de­veloped business plan is crucial for achie­ving success in the hospitality industry, particularly for hotels. A compre­hensive business plan is a roadmap, guiding e­very stage of hotel de­velopment and operations. It can help secure funding and investment and provide a clear vision for your hotel’s future .

If you’re inte­rested in starting your hotel busine­ss, there are many re­sources available to help you cre­ate a comprehensive­ and effective plan. Consider a hospitality degree­ at Les Roches, which provides an excellent foundation for managing any hotel venture, including making business plans.

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How to Start a Hotel Business: Everything You Need to Know

Wondering how to start a hotel business? You’re not alone. One of the first-ever hotels , as we’ve come to know them, was started in Exeter, England in 1768. Today, the industry has skyrocketed to be part of one of the largest in the world.  But dreaming of starting a hotel business and actually doing it are two completely different things. That's where we come in. 

In this guide, we’ll teach you how to start a hotel business with step-by-step instructions, expert advice, and actionable tips. Keep reading to discover the fundamentals all hotel businesses need to succeed.

The steps we cover in this guide:

• Step 1: Find a market need
• Step 2: Craft your strategic goals
• Step 3: Run the numbers
• Step 4: Review financing options
• Step 5: Do your paperwork
• Step 6: Hire and train your team
• Step 7: Draft a marketing plan
• Step 8: Launch your hotel business

Discover how to start a hotel business in 8 steps:

Step 1: find a market need..

The first and most important step when learning how to start a hotel business is to gain a thorough understanding of the hospitality industry worldwide, as well as in your location. To get started, find your favorite hotel news sources , then set aside time each day or week to stay informed. Once you have some familiarity with the industry, it’s time to dive into the market research for your hotel.

Let us help you start your hotel business

Cvent's resources library is a great place to start. It's where you can read the latest news, thought leadership, and best practices from a wide variety of industry experts. The goal of your industry research is to get a clear idea of whether you can be competitive in your market. Also, what characteristics your hotel will need in order to succeed. 

Rather than starting with an idea and making the research fit, try to find an area of need in your market. What audiences are underserved? Where is demand outpacing supply? What does your location need in terms of hospitality and accommodation?

To give you a good understanding of where you’ll fit in, your market research should include:

• Property type. All hotels are not built the same. The industry is made up of resorts, spas, airport hotels, all-inclusives, hostels, boutiques, and many other property types. Determine what property type you plan to offer and what other options in that category exist in your location.
• Hotel size. Closely related to your property type is the hotel size. How many guest rooms will you offer, and how does that compare to your competitors?
• Star rating. What level of service and hotel amenities do you plan to offer?
• Location. What region will you operate in? Is demand increasing in the area? What location amenities, like airports, beaches, or event venues , will you be in close proximity to?
• Brand affiliation. Will you be a part of a larger brand’s umbrella? Being affiliated with a brand can help with marketing , business intelligence, pricing, and audience targeting.
• Extra amenities. What services or amenities are important for hotels of your type and star rating in your location? Things like free Wi-Fi, meeting space, a pool, or wedding services  are all important, depending on your target audience.
• Guest demographics. How would you define the types of guests who may frequent your location? What is the purpose of travel, and what are some common characteristics of these travelers? Knowing whether you are targeting business travelers, families, couples, solo travelers, retirees, or other demographic groups will help you to craft your marketing plan and hotel concept.

All of this research should give you a good idea of your main competitors and target audience. Those two pieces of information will determine everything else about your property, from budget and financing to marketing and daily operations. Spend time on this step to make sure you’ve found a true need in the market. You’ll be better prepared for success.

You can utilize tools like Cvent's Hotel Business Intelligence™ Software Solutions to provide you with the transformative business insights needed to conduct your market research and benchmark against the competition.

Step 2: Craft your hotel's strategic goals.

Once you have an understanding of market needs, you’ll need to create a smart solution to fill that gap. Your unique combination of amenities, concept, decor, marketing, location, and services can help you stand out from the crowd and capture market share if you approach it strategically.

Consider how you’ll approach pricing, revenue management , sustainability, customer satisfaction, events, and other market needs when crafting your goals. As with all goals, they should be S.M.A.R.T - specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-based. According to the Naples Hotel Group , an expert hotel development firm, some of the best goals a hotel owner can focus on include: 

• Measuring and increasing customer satisfaction.
• Creating a solid revenue management system.
• Building a strong online reputation.
• Attending at least one hotel industry conference .
• Considering working with a consulting firm to bypass the common roadblocks new hotel owners face.

Make sure the needs of the market and your target audience, along with your business needs, help determine your goals. This will ensure that everything you do helps your customers, as well as your bottom line.

You can use a hotel business plan template to outline the results of your research and planning, including your competitive advantage, goals, and your plan to get those results.

Step 3: Run the numbers.

With your goals and plan in place, it’s time to run the numbers to make sure you'll be profitable. Using your market research, you can estimate key factors like room pricing, vacancy rates, RevPAR (revenue per available room), and operating costs. A basic overview of hotel finances will help you hire the right revenue manager and sales team later on. The two key areas to focus on are profitability and any external factors that may affect your hotel business. You’ll also need to estimate initial costs for your hotel business. This includes startup and hiring costs, licensing, permits, construction, renovations, and your first year of operations.

Set up a few scenarios in your forecasting to see how key decisions affect the potential profitability of your business. For instance, do you want to buy or build? Buying into a franchise or taking over an existing hotel building has lower startup costs, unless you have to renovate extensively. But it also requires you to establish your new hotel identity, which can be a challenge depending on the current state of the business. On the other hand, building a hotel, while usually considerably more expensive upfront, can provide a solution to a lack of available buildings and can be more lucrative in the long run. 

Step 4: Review financing options for your hotel business.

Once you decide on the right financial plan for your business, you’re ready to fund it. There are a number of available options for financing your hotel business. Jim Pendergast, Senior Vice President and General Manager of altLINE , discussed this topic in a recent interview with Cvent.

“It's important to understand the full scope of financing options available for your hotel's funding," he said. "Generally, you have two commercial financing categories when opening your hotel: traditional credit or specialty credit.

With traditional credit lines, you receive financing based on long-term assets. These are things like real estate owned by your hotel as well as cash flow projections and calculations submitted during underwriting. Lenders review these assets before awarding your loan.

With specialty credit, you'll receive financing or credit lines based on near-term assets. This might be hotel equipment or invoices from accounts receivable. The idea is these backings are more liquid than what's needed in traditional lending.

Both traditional and specialty financing are appropriate vehicles for hotels depending on your capital needs. However, the larger and more established your hotel franchise, the more specialty lending could make ongoing sense. This is because large hotels manage significant account receivables operations. 

Consider the amount of credit card transactions that must be administered. Also, hospitality-related vendor operations happening within the establishment. The larger your AR activities, the more something like AR-based asset lending and similar specialty lending might benefit you.”

Step 5: Do your paperwork.

There are many important legal, regulatory, and insurance requirements to fulfill in order to establish any new business. Your hotel business is no different. 

Consult with your legal, insurance, accounting, and operations teams to determine the requirements for your location. At a minimum, you’ll need to set up a business structure and get business insurance. You will also likely need building or renovation permits, hotel licensing, and licensing for serving food and alcoholic beverages. There will also be a number of health and safety requirements as you complete your building or renovation process. 

All of this paperwork is not the motivating factor for getting into the hospitality industry, but it is important. Work with your team to check requirements at the local, state, and federal level. Additionally, keep on top of the process throughout so you don’t have to repair costly mistakes later.

Modern hotel management begins here

Step 6: Hire and train your hotel team.

A business is only as good as the team members that contribute to its success. By hiring great employees at all levels, you’ll set yourself up to deliver value to your guests and become a market leader.

Many hotels opt to hire for executive and departmental positions first, setting the tone and direction. These leaders can then identify what they want to see within their teams and how many staff members they need. Each team should identify the roles and skills they’re looking for, as well as developing a plan to reach and source great new hires.

Make sure that your application and interview processes are easy for candidates so that you don’t introduce needless friction. Find ways to communicate your core mission, values, and approach to this new business throughout the hiring process. This will help you attract candidates who share your vision.

Once you’ve hired a great team, take the time to onboard and train them. This is an incredibly important step that will help everyone in the long run. Any employees who will interact with guests should receive extra training on customer service and guest relations so that they’re ready to lend a helping hand, regardless of whether it’s in their job descriptions.

Focus from the beginning on becoming the employer of choice in your market. You’ll attract a stellar team that’s ready to help you become a market leader.

Step 7: Draft a marketing plan.

You’re now ready to share your hotel concept with the world. Well in advance of opening, you’ll need to spread the word and set yourself up for a profitable launch. 

Your hotel marketing plan is an important part of your overall business strategy. It guides your decision-making on decor, daily operations, communications, customer service, and more. 

Think back to the target audience that you identified in your market research. Using that initial audience, you can now conduct more in-depth customer research to determine who your customers are. Also, where you’ll find them, how you’ll communicate with them, and how they define value.

Hotel marketing made simple

Hotel marketing expert and Co-Founder of Saffron Key, Ben Weagraff, advises that there is no one-size-fits-all plan for new hotel businesses.

“There’s a number of strategies that can work very well,” he told SiteMinder . “But they depend on the hotel itself; its digital properties (including website , email relationships , the strength of social media channels ) and what exactly the hotel is trying to do.”

He goes on to note: “However, generally these techniques present a good repeatable path towards driving high-value customers. The greatest thing about content marketing is that it is low-cost, measurable, repeatable, and it builds upon itself. Once the foundation is in place, customers roll in at increasing rates.”

If you’re looking for ideas for inspiration, check out  Marriott’s marketing strategy . Also, be sure to check out all of Cvent's hotel marketing solutions  to help guide you throughout the process.

Step 8: Launch your hotel business.

At this point, you’ve put in the work to open a profitable and high-quality hotel business for your market. You’ve got the plan and the team to make your vision a reality. Now it’s time to launch.

The goal of your launch is of course to introduce your hotel to guests. But it’s also a great opportunity to introduce yourself to the local community, key stakeholders, influencers, and potential partners. Put your best foot forward with these audiences by planning a grand opening event that reflects your mission and values.

Use event planning and diagramming tools to create your layouts, collaborate with vendors, and assign tasks to team members. As long as you focus on building relationships with your community, investors, and potential clients, your grand opening will be a success. 

Now you know how to start a hotel business using proven strategies from across the industry.

Now that you know how to start a hotel business, it's time to start thinking about reputation. Read on for  hotel reputation management tips every hotelier should know.

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Boutique Hotel Business Plan Blueprint: Complete Guide

• January 3, 2023
• Hospitality

Whether you’re looking to raise funding from private investors or to get a loan from a bank (like a SBA loan) for your boutique hotel, you will need to prepare a solid business plan.

In this article we go through, step-by-step, all the different sections you need in the business plan of your boutique hotel . Use this template to create a complete, clear and solid business plan that get you funded.

1. Boutique Hotel Executive Summary

Though the executive summary is the first and the most important section, it should normally be the last section you write because it will have the summary of different sections included in the entire plan.

Why do you need a business plan for a boutique hotel?

The purpose of a business plan is to secure funding through one of the following channels:

• Obtain bank financing or secure a loan from other lenders (such as a SBA loan )
• Obtain private investments from investment funds, angel investors, etc.
• Obtain a public or a private grant

How to write your boutique hotel’s executive summary?

Provide a precise and high-level summary of every section that you have included in your business plan. The information and the data you include in this segment should grab the attention of potential investors and lenders immediately.

Also make sure that the executive summary doesn’t exceed 2 pages in total: it’s supposed to be a summary for investors and lenders who don’t have time to scroll through 40-50 pages, so keep it short and brief.

The executive summary usually consists of 5 major sub-sections:

• Business overview : explain what is the concept of your hotel, whom it targets (business travelers vs. tourists), where it’s located, its size and any other amenities and services you offer
• Market & competitive overview : start by describing the state of the hotel industry in your area (the city or region where you plan to open yours). Also explain here the level of competition you expect from similar establishments. Finally, mention who are your target customers (your ideal customers) ie. their age, gender, disposable income as well as their preferences
• Sales & marketing strategy : describe how you plan to acquire new customers, outlining the exact marketing channels you intend to use and your overall budget
• Management & People : this section should provide information about the leadership hierarchy, highlighting the roles and responsibilities of every team member and their experience
• Financial plan : how much profit and revenue do you expect in the next 5 years? When will you reach the break-even point and start making profits? You can include here a chart depicting your key financials such as revenue, gross profits, and net profit
• Funding ask : what loan/investment/grant are you seeking? How much are you raising ? How long will this last?

Hotel Financial Model

Download an expert-built 5-year Excel financial model for your business plan

2. Boutique Hotel Business Overview

This is the section where you will provide details about your boutique hotel and its concept. You must address some important questions that lenders and/or investors generally ask.

Here is a quick list of some of those questions you must address:

• What is the rationale behind you opening this type of hotel today?
• What’s the location of the hotel and why did you select that location?
• What hospitality services and products will you provide? Will you offer any special services (massage, gym, etc.)? 
• Will there be a restaurant?
• How many employees will you need to run the hotel?
•  How many rooms will you have to accommodate your guests?
• What types of rooms will you offer your customers? At what rates?
• What will be the legal structure of your company?

a) History of the Project

Any business must have two components:

• Passion & experience of the business owner
• Rationale behind starting this type of business today

Passion & experience

Starting a huge investment like a boutique hotel requires much more than just capital. It also needs the relevant background experience in the hospitality industry.

Typically, many individuals creating their own boutique hotel will have a long-standing passion and track record for the hospitality industry. Yet, if you lack the experience, it probably isn’t the right time to start your boutique hotel. Instead, you can choose a franchising option and work with an established hotel franchise.

What motivates you to start a boutique hotel in the region today? Unlike some other businesses, a boutique hotel requires a lot of financial and human capital investment.

So, before taking your first steps in this field, provide enough reasons to justify your decision to venture into the business. For instance, if there’s a scarcity of stylish boutique hotels targeting tourists in the region, you can use that to justify your reasons for starting one.

b) Hotel Concept

Describe your boutique hotel’s concept. Here are a few questions you may answer here:

• Will you target a specific market (all-inclusive vs. tourists, business travelers, etc.)? 
• What types of rooms will you have (midscale, upscale, luxury?)
• What amenities will you offer your guests? A restaurant, rooftop bar, a SPA, a conference/meeting room? See more on amenities in the next section
• What will be the hotel’s design, layout and surface?
• Where will the boutique hotel be located? Is this next to a busy street, an airport, a tourist attraction or a corporate center?

c) Services & Facilities 

Prioritize the most sought-after services in the region. While many boutique hotels offer the same services, you may want to differentiate yourself vs. competitors to attract guests.

Below are a few examples of the guest services you can provide depending on your target audience:

Boutique Hotel Services 

• Bar / Restaurant
• Event management (weddings, conferences, etc.)

Boutique Hotel Facilities 

• Swimming pool / Jacuzzi 
• Business center
• Summer terrace
• Smoking rooms
• Fitness room
• Conference room

d) Room Rates

Next, describe your pricing strategy . Indeed, designing a pricing list for a boutique hotel isn’t the easiest thing to do. So, you can rely on information from some of your biggest competitors in the region to help you set standard rates. 

Make sure to have a clear table with the different room categories and their daily rate. If you have off-peak vs. peak rates, make sure to include it too here. It doesn’t need to be exact (as the rates will likely change over time), so use price ranges instead.

e) Legal Structure

Finally, your business overview section should specify what type of business structure you want:

• Is this a corporation or a partnership (LLC)?
• Who are the investors? How much equity percentage do they own?
• Is there a Board of Directors? If so, whom? Do they have experience in the industry?

3. Boutique Hotel Market Overview

Provide comprehensive information about your market. You will want to tailor your services to suit the target audience. And that means you will need accurate information about the hospitality industry in your region:

• Industry size & growth : how big is the boutique hotel industry in your area? Is it growing / declining, and what are the factors contributing to its growth/decline?
• Competition overview : how many competitors are there? How do they compare vs. your hotel? Are they franchises or independent boutique hotels? Do they target the same guests as you do? How can you differentiate yourself from them? 
• Customer analysis : who is your target market ? Are they business travelers or tourists, single travelers, couples or families? How often do they travel and need an hotel? How much do they spend on average on hotel stays?

a) Boutique Hotel Industry Size & Growth

How big is the boutique hotel industry in the us.

The market size of boutique hotels in the US is estimated to be $16.9 billion in 2022.

Also, there are about 5,500 boutique hotel businesses in the country, meaning the annual turnover for each boutique hotel is around $3,000,000.

Another source estimated there were 4,600 boutique hotels in the US in 2021 and defines them as a high-end, independent hotel with less than 100 rooms and a unique design. The same source reported that boutique hotels accounted for 3.2% of total hotel rooms in the US in 2017, yet but 5.6% of the US hotel room revenue.

How big is the boutique hotel industry in your area?

After getting a clear picture of the boutique hotel industry in the US as a whole, narrow down to your location. Yet, you may not find this information anywhere (at least not for free). In that case, you can use our guide to estimate the TAM, SAM, and SOM for your business. Here is an example of how to do it:

We know the average annual turnover per boutique hotel is $3 million. Therefore, if the area where you want to open your hotel has 30 competitors (say, in a 30-mile radius), you can assume the boutique hotel industry in your area is worth $90 million .

How fast is the boutique hotel industry growing in your city?

The US boutique industry has suffered an unprecedented decline due to the pandemic. Indeed, it decreased from its peak at $20.6 billion in 2019 to $16.9 billion 2022, despite some recovery from its through.

But what about where you live? US national averages can be a great addition to your business plan, yet they don’t necessarily help to assess the boutique hotel industry where you want to open your own boutique hotel.

Instead, you can use the number of hotels as a proxy for market growth. For instance, if there were 28 boutique hotels in the region in 2020 and 30 in 2022, you can safely assume that the average annual growth rate is ~3% in your area.

The estimation above isn’t perfect as it disregard the occupancy rate. For example, if the 28 hotels had an occupancy rate of 20% in 2020, up to 50% in 2022, the market growth rate would actually be much higher i.e. 60% CAGR from 2020-22.

b) Competition Overview 

This sub-section focuses on crucial information about your main competitors. Take a closer look at the hospitality services and products offered by other boutique hotels in the region. And while at it, analyze their marketing strategies, pricing structure, and anything you can do to stand out from the competition.

Don’t forget to include a comparative table, highlighting every piece of information the lenders may need when analyzing your business. 

Here is a sample table that you can use:

c) Customer Analysis

Customer analysis is all about knowing your ideal guests: who exactly are you targeting?

You can narrow it down with the following questions:

• Demographics (age, gender, single vs. couples, etc.)
• Frequency of visits (how often do they need such services?)
• Average disposable income
• Average spend per stay (hotel, restaurant, other)
• Favorite services (e.g. gyms, spas, etc.)

4. Sales & Marketing Strategy

This section should highlight the strategies you have in place to attract potential clients. Try to answer the following questions:

• What are your unique selling points (USPs)?
• Which marketing strategies will you use to attract new clients? 
• How will you track the success of your marketing strategy? 
• What is your customer acquisition cost (CAC)? 
• What is your marketing budget? 
• Will you consider any offers or promotions to attract new clients? 

What marketing channels do boutique hotels use?

Like any new business, a boutique hotel requires comprehensive marketing during the first months to attract potential clients.

You can resort to the following channels to help you get new clients, even from your main competitors:

• Online local listing (Google reviews)
• Online booking platforms (Booking.com, Tripadvisor, etc.)
• Social media content & ads: for example encourage your guests to post on social media and / or hire a social media content manager who will create daily posts and manage your social media presence
• PPC ads ( Google Ads )
• Word of mouth, recommendations 

What are your Unique Selling Points (USPs)?

In other words, how do you differentiate yourself vs. competitors? This is very important as you might need to win customers from competitors. A few examples of USPs are; 

• Quality of services : you may offer high-quality services (e.g. luxury suites, fine dining restaurant, etc.)
• Pricing: your boutique hotel may be cheaper vs. competitors for the same quality of service
• Location : setting up your boutique hotel near your target market gives you the upper hand
• Amenities : you may be the only boutique hotel in the area offering a health SPA, a separate event center for weddings, etc.

5. Management & People

You must address 2 things here:

• The management team and their experience
• The organizational structure : different team members and who reports to whom

Small businesses often fail because of managerial weaknesses . Thus, having a strong management team is vital. Highlight the experience and education of senior managers that you intend to hire to oversee your hotel business.

First, describe their duties, responsibilities, and roles. Also, highlight their previous experience and explain how they succeeded in their previous roles.

Organization Structure

Even if you haven’t already hired a general manager, administrative staff, receptionists, chefs, and other relevant staff members, you must provide a chart of the organizational structure defining hierarchy and reporting lines.

6. Financial Plan

The financial plan is perhaps, with the executive summary, the most important section of any business plan for a boutique hotel.

Indeed, a solid financial plan tells lenders that your business is viable and can repay the loan you need from them. If you’re looking to raise equity from private investors, a solid financial plan will prove them your boutique hotel is an attractive investment.

There should be 2 sections to your financial plan section:

• The startup costs of your project (if you plan to start a new hotel, renovate your hotel, adding rooms, etc.)
• The 5-year financial projections of your boutique hotel

a) Startup Costs

Before we expand on 5-year financial projections in the following section, it’s always best practice to start with listing the startup costs of your project. For a boutique hotel, startup costs are all the expenses you incur before you open your hotel and receive your first guests. These expenses typically are:

• The leasing deposit (if you rent) or the cost to buy the building (if you buy)
• Renovations and improvements
• Equipment & appliances
• Furniture & tableware

Of course, the startup costs depend on a number of factors, like the size of your hotel, its location, the facilities, etc.

On average, it costs $8,400,000 to $10,800,000 to build and open a small boutique hotel with 20 rooms (assuming you decide to build the hotel from scratch).

Note that these costs are for illustrative purposes and may not be fully relevant for your business. For more information on how much it costs to open and run a boutique hotel, read our article here .

b) Financial Projections

In addition to startup costs, you will also need to build a solid 5-year financial model for your boutique hotel business plan.

Note that your financial projections should be built using a spreadsheet (e.g. Excel or Google Sheets) and presented in the form of tables and charts in your business plan.

As usual, keep it concise here and save details (for example detailed financial statements, financial metrics , key assumptions used for the projections) for the appendix instead.

Your financial projections should answer at least the following questions:

• How much revenue do you expect to generate over the next 5 years?
• When do you expect to break even ?
• How much cash will you burn until you get there?
• What’s the impact of a change in pricing (say 15%) on your margins?
• What is your average customer acquisition cost ?

You should include here your 3 financial statements (income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement). This means you must forecast:

• The number of nights booked over time ;
• Your expected revenue ;
• Operating costs to run the business ;
• The construction costs and FF&E expenses

When projecting your revenue, make sure to sensitize pricing, the expenses (salaries, utilities, supplies, etc.) and the number of stays (or booked nights). Indeed, a small change in these assumptions may have a significant impact on your revenues and profits .

7. Use of Funds

This is the last section of the business plan of your boutique hotel. Now that we have explained what your boutique hotel’s concept is, the amenities it offers, your marketing strategy, etc., this section must now answer the following questions:

• How much funding do you need?
• What financial instrument(s) do you need: is this equity or debt, both?
• How long will this funding last?
• Where else does the money come from? If you apply for a SBA loan for example, where does the other part of the investment come from (your own capital, private investors?)

If you raise debt:

• What percentage of the total funding the loan represents?
• What is the corresponding Debt Service Coverage Ratio ?

If you raise equity

• What percentage ownership are you selling as part of this funding round?
• What is the corresponding valuation of your business?

Use of Funds

Any business plan for a boutique hotel should include a clear use of funds section. This is where you explain how the money will be spent.

Will you spend most of the loan / investment in paying for construction costs? Or will it cover mostly renovation and furniture costs?

For the use of funds, we also recommend using a pie chart like the one we have in our financial model template where we outline the main expenses categories as shown below.

Privacy Overview

Rooms in Moscow and in Murmansk

Finding a hotel room built to international standards and priced at Western rates is a challenge in the nation's high-cost capital. That begs the question: Why are Western hotel chains hesitant to fill the gap in Moscow ― and why are some rushing to open in Russia's smaller cities?

The answer comes straight from the Western hotel playbook. A Russian city with a population of several hundred thousand people is a prime destination for hotel development, said international and regional executives from Western hotel companies. At the same time, however, hotel chains' plans to open and rebrand hotels in Moscow just have not borne fruit yet.

The strategy of matching hotel counts to headcounts is common with various chains from the United States and Western Europe. And big hotel operators are trying a similar policy in Russia.

Rezidor Hotel Group, which operates Radisson and Park Inn, and Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide, the owner of Sheraton, plan to open hotels in all Russian cities with a population of 500,000 or more, Rezidor chief executive Kurt Ritter and Starwood CIS development director Anatoly Kondratenko said in separate interviews.

But InterContinental Hotels Group, which operates five Holiday Inns and a Crowne Plaza in Moscow, is looking at a somewhat narrower market. Its corporate strategy in Russia is to target a select number of cities with populations of more than 1 million and substantial infrastructure and industry.

"Our strategy for the past five years, and recently reconfirmed for the next five, is to stay very focused on a small number of cities with populations above 1 million; infrastructure; international airport access; and identifiable light, service and heavy industry present and growing," said Michael Cooper, the company's vice president for strategic development in Russia and the CIS.

A similar strategy is being followed by Accor Hospitality, which owns the brands Sofitel, Novotel, Ibis and Etap and Ibis. It is interested in Murmansk and other cities with more than 1 million people.

Moscow is both an opportunity and a puzzle. The city has slightly more than 13,000 hotel rooms consistent with international standards, with only 3,300 more in the development pipeline for the next three years, according to a report by Jones Lang LaSalle, the Chicago-based global real estate consultancy. That's in a city of 10 million to 15 million people that receives about 4 million foreign tourists per year. It sounds like a perfect market in which to develop ― so why aren't hotel operators quick to catch up?

"Development is not a science ― it is all about opportunity," said Mike Collini, Hilton Worldwide's vice president of development for Northern Europe.

He said in an interview that his company is anticipating substantial growth in cities other than Moscow and St. Petersburg because, according to a Western model, "you usually get a variety of hotels" in a city of 300,000 people.

Moscow Madness

Figures for Moscow's hotel market are an odd mix. Overall, it appears that the capital has low occupancy rates compared with Western European capitals. The average occupancy of hotels in Moscow was 58.5 percent during the second quarter, compared with 75.4 percent in Paris, 84.7 percent in London, and 65.8 percent in Warsaw, according to research by real estate consultancy Knight Frank.

But some hotels report full rooms. Alexis Delaroff, managing director in Russia and the CIS for Accor, said the Ibis hotel in Moscow that opened this year hasn't seen the occupancy rate fall below 80 percent in its entire time in operation. In September, occupancy stood at 90 percent.

Delaroff said occupancy in Novotel Sheremetyevo, next to Sheremetyevo Airport's Terminal E, often exceeds 100 percent, as rooms are sold more than once in a 24-hour period to customers with long layovers.

There is one definite deficit: hotel rooms priced in the mid-range. Booking a room considered economy class in Moscow will remove far more money from your bank account than those in similar hotels in large cities elsewhere in the world.

Typically, a city's hotel market is like a pyramid: Luxury rooms are fewest in number, making up the tip of the pyramid. There are a number of business-class rooms and a wider base of economy rooms, often booked by rank-and-file business travelers. But the widest selection of hotel rooms in any Western market is traditionally in the budget hotel sector, to be booked by thrifty tourists.

In Russia, though, budget brands of Western hotel chains are not represented. In Moscow, the demand for hotel rooms is different from any other major travel destination city, said Cooper of InterContinental. While Moscow's weekday demand from businesspeople is high, weekends and holidays actually show a dip, because there aren't as many tourists. Cooper blames this trend on the difficulty of obtaining a Russian tourist visa, deterring many would-be visitors from choosing Moscow for a vacation.

Another factor is that the cost structure of operating a hotel in Russia is different from that in Europe, Delaroff said. Accor does the bulk of its business in Europe and the United States under its budget brands: Etap and Formule 1 in Europe and Motel 6 in the United States and Canada. But it hasn't brought any of those brands to Russia, and it is hesitant to do so.

"In Europe, Formule 1 hotels often don't have a receptionist at all, and Etap hotels are staffed only during certain hours, while the rest of the time they operate automatically on a credit-card basis," Delaroff said.

In Russia, that would not be possible in the near future because of hindrances like personal security, he said, noting that that has remained a major concern for guests in Moscow, as well as across Russia, and hotels are forced to hire extra personnel to provide it. In addition, the country's wintry climate demands more heating and lighting than in much of Europe and the United States.

Delaroff said those factors make the standard European budget-hotel model impossible to implement in Russia: Operating costs would be so high that hotels would need to charge higher prices ― eliminating the budget part of the formula.

Accor has one project under review for Moscow that would combine an economy-class Ibis hotel and a budget Etap hotel under the same roof. If the project, whose fate remains up in the air, goes ahead, it will be the first attempt to introduce a budget brand in Russia.

A Haphazard Invasion?

Despite the hurdles, a number of Western hotel operators want to enter the market, and many have plans to do so. Rezidor is the most prolific player in Russia, followed by Marriott, InterContinental and Accor. Meanwhile, Hilton, Starwood and Hyatt have opened development and sales offices in Moscow in an effort to catch up.

In the portfolios of the chains operating today in Russia, there are more hotels in various stages of development than in operation. A construction and real estate boom was halted by the 2008 financial crisis, but the hotel industry overall is showing signs of emerging from the economic downturn. Many hotel operators said developers from across the country are now approaching them, seeking to redesign various projects into hotels.

This has produced what looks like a haphazard approach to brand development across Russia. The chains themselves have said many hotel openings that they carried out in small or obscure cities were developer-driven, with the chain reviewing and then accepting an offer from a land owner, a building owner, an investor or even an existing hotel operator.

Accor said it looks to cities where a Western-owned enterprise exists, such as the car and car-parts factories in Kaluga or the anticipated Shtokmann gas field development near Murmansk.

None of the brands, however, plan to open their doors in Vladivostok, the far eastern city with a population of 600,000, or in Sakhalin Island's capital, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, where ExxonMobil and Royal Dutch Shell projects draw a stream of Westerners.

Both cities are popular destinations for business travelers, said Vadim Zelensky, chairman of the Business Travel Agencies Association. But Zelensky said the Far East is a territory where Asian brands are trying to expand, and South Korea's Hotel Hyundai opened a hotel in Vladivostok more than a decade ago.

As for the Western brands, most said Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and Vladivostok are just too far-flung. Currently, Novosibirsk and Irkutsk are the easternmost destinations on any hotel chain's future development map.

In regions within easier reach of Moscow, new and sometimes surprising development locations for Western brands have recently sprouted up.

Leading travel companies named Voronezh, Astrakhan, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnodar, Saratov and Volgograd as regional destinations underserved by quality hotels. In fact, major hotel brands have charted four of those cities in their development plans for the near future.

In all, 88 international-brand hotels are due to open in Russia from 2011 to 2014, according to a report published in September by Ernst & Young.

The Game in Sochi

Quite a few of those 88 planned hotels are intended for Sochi, where a construction boom is unfolding as Russia prepares to host the 2014 Winter Olympics there and in surrounding towns. State corporation Olimpstroi is directing construction and development.

At a recent hotel investment conference in Moscow, Olimpstroi placement director Dmitry Kanunov described the perks that the corporation would give hotel developers to make sure that "Sochi in 2014 will be a very different city from Sochi today."

The developers who take on hotel projects in Sochi and guarantee their opening for the 2014 Olympics will get a plot for basically free, Kanunov said. Olimpstroi also will handle all communications for those who build a hotel and will ensure the hotel's functioning during the Olympics, he said.

Some players, such as Rezidor, which has been running Sochi's flagship hotel, Lazurnaya, under the Radisson brand for a number of years, just cannot get enough of Sochi. Others are climbing on the bandwagon reluctantly.

Accor this fall was finalizing a contract for gaining control of two hotels in the Roza Khutor ski resort in Sochi. It had done so only at the insistence of previous business partners from other markets, Delaroff said. Delaroff said Sochi was not a priority market for Accor because resorts take too long to break even in localities where they cannot operate year-round.

Hilton, which has a Doubletree hotel under construction in Sochi, is cautiously optimistic. While Hilton executive Collini is confident about Sochi's success as a venue for 2014 Olympics, he is concerned about its long-term development as a travel destination.

InterContinental is taking an even tougher stance on Sochi. Cooper said the chain considers itself primarily a city player in the business segment and was not interested in Sochi because it is a resort.

Local Competition

Western hotel chains face a new and somewhat unexpected competitor in Russia. Azimut Hotels, the country's largest homegrown hotel chain with a strategy largely based on Western business principles, operates hotels in popular Russian hotel markets and has even gained some traction in Europe, with 18 hotels in Austria and Germany.

What's more, Azimut has hotels in the North Caucasus city of Stavropol and in Vladivostok. CEO Alexander Gendelsman said his company has had to adjust the hotel chain business model to compete with worldwide brands in Russia. For example, he said in an interview, Azimut is more flexible in its approach to older or Soviet-era hotels and is not afraid to undertake renovations of those hotels that Western brands wouldn't bother to do.

Even though Vladivostok has raised little interest from Western competitors, local demand for hotel rooms should grow 30 percent by the time it hosts the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum in 2012, Gendelsman said.

In terms of general development strategy, Azimut plans to focus on cities with more than 1 million residents, he said.

Gendelsman also said the arrival of chain hotels in smaller cities is justified only where there is substantial industrial investment by a foreign company — such as in Samara, Kaluga or Lipetsk — that brings an influx of foreign high-skilled labor and visiting managers.

Even that does not guarantee sufficient demand, though. At a pitch session at the recent hotel conference, Gendelsman got a lukewarm reception from an audience of investors when he pitched plans to renovate the landmark Arktika hotel in Murmansk, which was built in 1983 and most recently reconstructed in 1991.

Despite the planned Shtokmann gas project and the city's successfully operating Park Inn by Rezidor, investors expressed skepticism that the hotel's 635 rooms could be filled.

The same investors expressed considerably more interest in a pitch by a Moscow-based developer raising funds for the proposed Ibis-Etap in southern Moscow. They asked about the return on investment, retail components, parking and even the career history of the people involved in the project.

An Image Problem

Attracting tourists to Moscow, though, is a challenge, to say nothing of Murmansk, Novosibirsk and other cities. Moscow still has an image problem as a destination, said Ritter, the Rezidor CEO.

Radisson opened the Radisson SAS Slavyanskaya hotel in 1990. But after 20 years on the Russian market, Rezidor only opened its second Radisson in Moscow in April after taking over the landmark Hotel Ukraina last year.

Before the Ukraina re-opened as the Radisson Royal, the number of rooms in the once middle-class Soviet hotel was cut to just 500 from more than 1,000 in order to double the size of the rooms. Now the historic building — one of Moscow's seven so-called Stalin skyscrapers — is being marketed as a luxury hotel.

Ritter said filling the hotel at upmarket rates is a challenge, but he voiced confidence that occupancy would grow over time. He said weak demand should not lead to cut rates. "Selling these rooms at 100 euros per night would be just a waste," he said.

A Swiss native, Ritter believes that many Westerners view Moscow as a potentially unsafe place to do business or spend vacations. He said the city could draw substantially more travel in the executive business and luxury leisure segments if the government invested in an advertising campaign in the West to increase Russia's appeal. Ritter said Rezidor would consider partnering with the government in such a campaign.

While it waits, Rezidor is taking matters into its own hands with plans to run ads in a number of European countries, including Britain, that tout Moscow as a destination spot, Ritter said.

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The Opening Days of Trump’s First Criminal Trial

Here’s what has happened so far in the unprecedented proceedings against a former u.s. president..

This transcript was created using speech recognition software. While it has been reviewed by human transcribers, it may contain errors. Please review the episode audio before quoting from this transcript and email [email protected] with any questions.

It’s the first day of the Trump trial and just walking out the door in my house. It’s a beautiful day, 6:11 AM. The thing that keeps running through my head is it’s kind of amazing that hundreds of jurors are going to show up at the Manhattan courthouse. And some of them are going to know what they’re there for — probably talking to their friends, their relatives about it.

Some of them are going to learn this morning talking to other jurors in line, asking what all the fuss is about. But I really do imagine that there’s going to be at least one potential juror who, headphones on, getting into court. Here they’re going to be there for the first criminal trial of Donald J. Trump. And just, I mean, how would you react?

[MUSIC PLAYING]

From “The New York Times,” I’m Michael Barbaro. This is “The Daily.” Today, what it’s been like inside the lower Manhattan courtroom, where political and legal history are being made? My colleague, Jonah Bromwich, on the opening days of the first criminal trial of a US President. It’s Thursday, April 18.

Is that his mic? Hi, there.

Hello. How are you?

I’m doing good.

OK. Thank you for coming in, Jonah —

Thank you for having me.

— in the middle of a trial. Can you just explain why you’re able to even be here?

Sure. So we happen to be off on Wednesdays during trial, so.

We being not “The New York Times,” but the courts.

That’s right.

Which is why we’re taping with you. And because we now have two full court days of this history-making trial now under our belts. And the thing about this trial that’s so interesting is that there are no cameras in the courtroom for the wider world.

There’s no audio recordings. So all we really have is and your eyes and your notebook, maybe your laptop. And so we’re hoping you can reconstruct for us the scene of the first two days of this trial and really the highlights.

Yeah, I’d be happy to. So on Monday morning, I left the subway. It’s before 7:00 AM. The sun is just rising over these grandiose court buildings in lower Manhattan.

I’m about to turn left onto Center Street. I’m right in front of the big municipal building.

And I turn onto Center Street. That’s where the courthouses are.

I’m crossing.

And I expected to see a big crowd. And it was even bigger than I had anticipated.

Here we go. Here we go. Here we go. Now, I finally see the crowd.

You have camera banks. You have reporters. You have the beginnings of what will eventually become a protest. And you have this most New York thing, which is just a big crowd of people.

[CHUCKLES]: Who just know something is going on.

That’s right. And what they know is going on is, of course, the first trial of an American president.

All right, I’m passing the camera, folks. Camera, camera, camera, camera. Here we go.

Let’s start with Sharon Crowley live outside the courthouse in Lower Manhattan.

I want to get right to ABC’S Aaron Katersky who’s outside of the courthouse.

Robert Costa is following it outside the courthouse in Lower Manhattan. Bob, I saw the satellite trucks lined up all in a row. Good morning.

Talk to us how we got here exactly.

So this is the case that was brought by the Manhattan district attorney. So prosecutors have accused Donald Trump of covering up the actions of his former fixer, Michael Cohen, after Cohen paid hush money to Stormy Daniels. Stormy Daniels had a story about having had sex with Donald Trump, which Trump has always denied.

Cohen paid her money, and then Trump reimbursed Cohen. And prosecutors say that Trump essentially defrauded the American people because he hid this information that could have been very important for the election from those people when he reimbursed Cohen.

Right. And as I remember it, he also misrepresented what that reimbursement was. Claimed it was a legal fee when, in fact, it was just reimbursing Michael Cohen for a hush money payment.

Exactly, yeah. He definitely didn’t say reimbursement for hush money payment to Stormy Daniels. It’s a cover up case. It’s a case about hiding information you don’t want people to see.

Right. And of course, the context of all this is that it is in the middle of a presidential election. It’s 2016. Trump wants to keep this secret, prosecutors allege, so that the American public doesn’t know about it and potentially hold it against him.

Right. And prosecutors are telling a story about election interference. They’re saying that Trump interfered with an election. And Trump himself is also using the phrase “election interference.” But he’s painting the trial itself as election interference as he now runs again in 2024.

Fascinating.

And because we’re in Manhattan, and because the jury pool is going to be largely Democratic, and the judge is a Democrat, and the district attorney is a Democrat, Trump keeps claiming he cannot get a fair shake. This is democrat central. And in democrat central, Trump doesn’t have a chance.

OK. So, what happens once you actually enter the courthouse?

Outside, there’s all this fanfare. But inside, it’s a little bit business as usual. So I go up to the 15th floor, and I walk into the courtroom, and I sit down, and it’s the same old courtroom. And we’re sitting and waiting for the former president.

Around 9:30, Trump walks in. He looks thin. He looks a little tired, kind of slumping forward, as if to say with his body like let’s get this over with. Here we go.

The judge walks in a little bit after that. And we think we’re all set for the trial to start, but that’s not what happens here. And in fact, there are a series of legal arguments about what the trial is going to look like and what evidence is going to be allowed in.

So, for example, prosecutors ask that they be allowed to admit into evidence headlines from “The National Enquirer” that were attacks on Trump’s 2016 opponents — on Ted Cruz, on Marco Rubio, on Ben Carson.

Because prosecutors are in some sense putting Trump’s 2016 campaign on trial. These headlines are a big part of that because what prosecutors say they show is that Trump had this ongoing deal with “The National Enquirer.” And the publisher would promote him, and it would publish damaging stories about his opponents. And then crucially, it would protect Trump from negative stories. And that’s exactly what prosecutors say happened with Stormy Daniels. That “The National Enquirer” tipped Cohen off about Stormy Daniels trying to sell her story of having had sex with Donald Trump, which he denies. And that led to the hush money payment to her. So what prosecutors are doing overall with these headlines is establishing a pattern of conduct. And that conduct, they say, was an attempt to influence the election in Trump’s favor.

And the judge agrees. He’s going to admit this evidence. And this is a pretty big win for the prosecution. But even though they win that one, they’re not winning everything.

They lose some important arguments here. One of them was that after the Access Hollywood tape came out, there were allegations of sexual assault against Donald Trump. And you know this, Michael, because you reported two of them — two of the three in question at this very trial.

Prosecutors had hoped to talk about those during trial in front of the jury to show the jurors that the Trump campaign was really, really focused on pushing back against bad press in the wake of the Access Hollywood tape in which Trump seemed to describe sexual assault. That was a big problem for the campaign. Campaign did everything it could to push back, including against these allegations that surfaced in the wake of the tape.

But the judge, saying that the allegations are hearsay — that they’re based on the women’s stories — says absolutely not. That is incredibly prejudicial to the defendant.

Interesting.

And that Donald Trump would actually not get a fair trial were those allegations to be mentioned. And so he will not let those in. The jurors will not hear about them.

So this is a setback, of course, for the prosecution, a victory for Trump’s legal team.

It’s a setback. And it also just shows you how these pre-trial motions shape the context of the trial. Think of the trial as a venue like a theater or an athletic contest of some sort. And these pre-trial motions are about what gets led into the arena and what stays out. The sexual assault allegations — out. “The National Enquirer” headlines — in.

OK. And how is Trump sitting there at the defense table reacting to these pre-trial motion rulings from the judge?

Well, as I’ve just said, this is very important stuff for his trial.

Right. Hugely important.

But it’s all happening in legal language, and I’m decoding it for you. But if you were sitting there listening to it, you might get a little lost, and you might get a little bored. And Trump, who is not involved in these arguments, seems to fall asleep.

Seems to fall asleep — you’re seeing this with your own eyes.

What we’re seeing, overall, including our colleague, Maggie Haberman, who’s in the overflow room and has a direct view of Trump’s face — I’m sitting behind him in the courtroom, so I can’t see his face that well.

You guys are double teaming this.

That’s right. I’m sitting behind him, but Maggie is sitting in front of him. And what she sees is not only that his eyes are closed. That wouldn’t get you to he is asleep.

And we have to be really careful about reporting that he’s asleep, even if it seems like a frivolous thing. But what happens is that his head is dropping down to his chest, and then it’s snapping back up. So you’ve seen that, when a student —

I’ve done that.

(CHUCKLES) Yeah. We all kind of know that feeling of snapping awake suddenly. And we see the head motion, and it happens several times.

Lawyers kind of bothering him, not quite shaking him, but certainly trying to get his attention. And that head snapping motion, we felt confident enough to report that Trump fell asleep.

During his own criminal trial’s opening day.

Does someone eventually wake him up?

He wakes up. He wakes up. And in fact, in the afternoon, he’s much more animated. It’s almost as if he wants to be seen being very much awake.

Right. So once these pre-trial motions are ruled on and Trump is snapped back to attention, what happens?

Well, what happens in the courtroom is that the trial begins. The first trial of an American president is now in session. And what marks that beginning is jurors walking into the room one by one — many of them kind of craning their necks over at Donald Trump, giggling, raising their eyebrows at each other, filing into the room, and being sworn in by the judge. And that swearing in marks the official beginning of the trial.

The beginning is jury selection, and it’s often overlooked. It’s not dramatized in our kind of courtroom dramas in the same way. But it’s so important. It’s one of the most important parts of the case. Because whoever sits on the jury, these are the 12 people who are going to decide whether Trump is guilty or whether Trump is innocent.

So how does jury selection actually look and feel and go?

So, jury selection is a winnowing process. And in order to do that, you have to have these people go through a bunch of different hurdles. So the first hurdle is, after the judge describes the case, he asks the group — and there are just short of 100 of them — whether they can be fair and impartial. And says that if they can’t, they should leave. And more than half the group is instantly gone.

So after we do this big mass excusal, we’re left with the smaller group. And so now, jurors are getting called in smaller groups to the jury box. And what they’re going to do there is they’re going to answer this questionnaire.

And this part of the process is really conducted by the judge. The lawyers are involved. They’re listening, but they’re not yet asking questions of the jurors themselves.

And what’s on the questionnaire?

Well, it’s 42 questions. And the questions include, their education, their professional histories, their hobbies, what they like to do whether you’re a member of QAnon or Antifa.

Whether you’re far left or far right.

That’s right. Whether you’ve read “The Art of the Deal,” Trump’s book, which some prospective jurors had.

Right. It was a bestseller in its time.

That’s right. And some of it can be answered in yes/no questions, but some of it can be answered more at length. So some of the prospective jurors are going very, very fast. Yes, no, no, no, yes.

Right. Because this is an oral questionnaire.

That’s right. But some of them are taking their time. They’re expanding on their hobbies. So the potential juror in seat 3, for example, is talking about her hobbies. And she says some running, hiking. And then she said, I like to go to the club, and it got a huge laugh. And you get that kind of thing in jury selection, which is one of the reasons it’s so fun. It’s the height of normality in this situation that is anything but normal.

Right. The most banal answer possible delivered in front of the former president And current Republican nominee for president.

Well, that’s one of the fascinating parts about all this, right? is that they’re answering in front of Trump. And they’re answering questions about Trump in front of Trump. He doesn’t react all that much. But whenever someone says they’ve read “The Art of the Deal —” and there are a few of those — he kind of nods appreciatively, smiles. He likes that. It’s very clear. But because there are so many questions, this is taking forever, especially when people are choosing to answer and elaborate and digress.

This is when you fall asleep.

This Is. When I would have fallen asleep if I were a normal person.

And by the end of the day. Where does jury selection stand?

Well, the questionnaire is another device for shrinking that jury pool. And so the questionnaire has almost these little obstacles or roadblocks, including, in fact, a question that jurors have seen before — whether they would have any problem being fair and impartial?

Hmm. And they ask it again.

They’re asked it again. And they’re asked in this more individualized way. The judge is questioning them. They’re responding.

So, remember that woman who said she liked to go to the club got a big laugh. She reaches question 34. And question 34 reads, “Do you have any strong opinions or firmly-held beliefs about former President Donald Trump or the fact that he is a current candidate for president that would interfere with your ability to be a fair and impartial juror?” She said, yes, she does have an opinion that would prevent her from being fair and impartial. And she, too, is excused.

So that’s how it works. People answer the questionnaire, and they get excused in that way, or they have a scheduling conflict once they reach the jury box. And so to answer your question, Michael. At the end of day one, given all these problems with the questionnaire and the length of time it’s taken to respond to and people getting dismissed based on their answers, there is not a single juror seated for this trial.

And it’s starting to look like this is going to be a really hard case for which to find an impartial jury.

That’s the feeling in the room, yeah.

We’ll be right back.

So Jonah, let’s turn to day 2. What does jury selection look like on Tuesday?

So when the day begins, it looks almost exactly like it looked when the day ended on Monday. We’re still with the questionnaire, getting some interesting answers. But even though it feels like we’re going slow, we are going.

And so we’ve gone from about 100 people to now there’s about 24 the room there’s 18 the jury box. And by the time we hit lunch, all those people have answered all those questions, and we are ready for the next step in the process.

Voir dire. And what it is the heart of jury selection. This is the point where the lawyers themselves finally get to interview the jurors. And we get so much information from this moment because the lawyers ask questions based on what they want out of the jurors.

So the prosecution is asking all these different kinds of questions. The first round of wajir is done by a guy named Joshua Steinglass, a very experienced trial lawyer with the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office. And he’s providing all these hypotheticals. I’ll give you one example because I found this one really, really interesting. He provides a hypothetical about a man who wants his wife killed and essentially hires a hitman to do it. And what he asked the jurors is, if that case were before you, would you be able to see that the man who hired the hitman was a part of this crime?

And of course, what he’s really getting at is, can you accept that even though Michael Cohen, Trump’s fixer, made this payment, Trump is the guy who hired him to do it?

That’s right. If there are other people involved, will jurors still be able to see Donald Trump’s hands behind it all?

Fascinating. And what were some of the responses?

People mostly said, yes, we accept that. So that’s how the prosecution did it.

But the defense had a totally different method of voir dire. They were very focused on their client and people’s opinions about their client.

So what kind of questions do we get from them?

So the lawyer, Todd Blanche, is asking people, what do you make of President Trump? What do you think of President Trump?

And what are some of the responses to that?

Well, there’s this incredible exchange with one of the jurors who absolutely refuses to give his opinion of Donald Trump. They go back and forth and back and forth. And the juror keeps insisting you don’t need to know my opinion of him. All you need to know is that I’m going to be fair and impartial, like I said. And Blanch pushes, and the guy pushes back. And the only way the guy budges is he finally kind of confesses almost at the end that, yes, I am a Democrat, and that’s all we get.

And what ends up happening to this potential juror?

Believe it or not, he got dismissed.

[LAUGHS]: I can believe it. And of course, it’s worth saying that this guy and everybody else is being asked that question just feet from Trump himself.

That’s right. And you might think you were going to get a really kind of spicy, like, popcorn emoji-type exchange from that. But because these are now jurors who have said they can be fair and impartial, who, to some extent, want to be on this jury or at least wouldn’t mind being on this jury, they’re being very restrained.

Mostly, what they are emphasizing — much like that guy just described dis — is that they can be fair. They can be impartial. There’s one woman who gives this really remarkable answer.

She says, I thought about this last night. I stayed up all night. I couldn’t sleep, thinking about whether I could be fair. It’s really important to me, and I can.

What ends up happening to that particular juror?

She’s also dismissed. And she’s dismissed without any reason at all. The defense decides it doesn’t like her. It doesn’t want her on the jury. And they have a certain number of chances to just get rid of jurors — no questions asked.

Other jurors are getting dismissed for cause — I’m doing air quotes with my hands — which means that the lawyers have argued they actually revealed themselves through their answers or through old social media posts, which are brought up in the courtroom, to be either non-credible, meaning they’ve said they can be fair and they can’t, or somehow too biased to be on the jury.

Wait, can I just dial into that for a second? Are lawyers researching the jurors in real time going online and saying — I’m making this up — but Jonah Bromwich is a potential juror, and I’m going to go off into my little corner of the courtroom and Google everything you’ve ever said? Is that what’s happening in the room?

Yeah, there’s a whole profession dedicated to that. It’s called jury consultant, and they’re very good at finding information on people in a hurry. And it certainly looked as if they were in play.

Did a social media post end up getting anybody kicked off this jury?

Yes, there were posts from 2016 era internet. You’ll remember that time as a very heated one on the internet, Facebook memes are a big thing. And so there’s all kinds of lock him up type memes and rhetoric. And some of the potential jurors here have used those. And those jurors are dismissed for a reason.

So we have these two types of dismissals, right? We have these peremptory dismissals — no reason at all given. And we have for cause dismissals.

And the process is called jury selection. But you don’t actually get selected for a jury. The thing is to make it through all these obstacles.

You’re left over.

Right. And so when certain jurors are not dismissed, and they’ve made it through all these stages, by the end of the day, we have gone from zero juror seated to seven jurors who will be participating in Donald Trump’s trial.

Got it. And without going through all seven, just give us a little bit of a sketch of who so far is on this jury. What stands out?

Well, not that much stands out. So we’ve got four men. We’ve got three women. One lives on the Upper East Side. One lives in Chelsea. Obviously, they’re from all over Manhattan.

They have these kind of very normal hobbies like spending time with family and friends. They have somewhat anonymous jobs. We’ve got two lawyers. We’ve got someone who’s worked in sales.

So there’s not that much identifying information. And that’s not an accident . One of the things that often happens with jury selection, whether it be for Donald Trump or for anyone else, is the most interesting jurors — the jurors that kind of catch your attention during the process — they get picked off because they are being so interesting that they interest one or the other side in a negative way. And soon they’re excused. So most of the jurors who are actually seated —

Are not memorable.

Are not that memorable, save one particular juror.

OK. All right, I’ll bite. What do I need to know about that one particular juror?

So let me tell you about a prospective juror who we knew as 374, who will now be juror number five. She’s a middle school teacher from Harlem. And she said that she has friends who have really strong opinions about Trump, but she herself does not. And she insisted several times, I am not a political person.

And then she said this thing that made me quite surprised that the prosecution was fine with having her on the jury. She said, quote, “President Trump speaks his mind, and I’d rather that than someone who’s in office who you don’t know what they’re thinking.”

Hmm. So she expressed approval of President Trump.

Yeah, it was mild approval. But the thing is, especially for the defense in this trial, all you need is one juror. One juror can tie up deliberations in knots, and you can end with a hung jury. And this is actually something that I saw firsthand. In 2019, I was the foreperson on a jury.

How you like that?

Yeah. And the trial was really complicated, but I had thought while we were doing the trial, oh, this is going to be a really easy decision. I thought the defendant in that case was guilty. So we get into deliberations, but there’s this one juror who keeps gumming up the works every time we seem to be making progress, getting a conversation started.

This juror proverbially throws up his hands and says, I am not convicting. This man is innocent. And we talked and we talked. And as the foreperson, I was trying to use all my skills to mediate.

But any time we made any progress, this guy would blow it up. And long story short, hung jury — big victory for the defense lawyer. And we come out of the room. And she points at this juror. The guy —

The defense lawyer.

The defense lawyer points at this juror who blew everything up. And she said, I knew it. I knew I had my guy.

OK. I don’t want to read too much into what you said about that one juror. But should I read between the lines to think that if there’s a hung jury, you wonder if it might be that juror?

That’s what everyone in the courtroom is wondering not just about this juror, but about every single person who was selected. Is this the person who swings the case for me? Is this the person who swings the case against me?

These juries are so complex. It’s 12 people who don’t know each other at the start of the trial and, by the end of the trial, have seen each other every morning and are experiencing the same things, but are not allowed to have talked about the case until deliberations start. In that moment when deliberations start —

You’re going to learn a whole lot about each other.

That’s right. There’s this alchemical moment where suddenly, it all matters. Every personality selected matters. And that’s why jury selection is so important. And that’s why these last two days are actually one of the most important parts of this trial.

OK. So by my math, this trial will require five more jurors to get to 12. I know also they’re going to need to be alternates. But from what you’re saying what looked like a really uphill battle to get an impartial jury or a jury that said it could be impartial — and Trump was very doubtful one could be found — has turned out to not be so hard to find.

That’s right. And in fact, we went from thinking, oh, boy, this is going awfully slowly, to the judge himself saying we could be doing opening arguments as soon as Monday morning. And I think that highlights something that’s really fascinating both about this trial and about the jury selection process overall.

One of the things that lawyers have been arguing about is whether or not it’s important to figure out what jurors’ opinions about Donald Trump are. And the prosecution and, I think, the judge have really said, no, that’s not the key issue here. The key issue is not whether or not people have opinions about Donald Trump.

Right. Who doesn’t have an opinion about Donald Trump?

Exactly. They’re going to. Automatically, they’re going to. The question is whether or not they can be fair and impartial. And the seven people we already have seated, and presumably the five people that we’re going to get over the next few days and however many alternates — we expect six — are all going to have answered that question, not I hate Trump; I love Trump, but I can weigh in on the former president’s innocence or guilt, and I can do it as fairly as humanly possible.

Now, Trump is not happy about this. He said after court yesterday, quote, We have a highly conflicted judge, and he’s rushing this trial.” And I think that he is going to see these beats of the system the criminal justice system as it works on him as he is experiencing it as unfair. That is typically how he talks about it and how he views it.

But what he’s getting is what defendants get. This is the system in New York, in the United States. This is its answer to how do you pick a fair jury? Well, you ask people can you be fair? And you put them through this process, and the outcome is 12 people.

And so I think we’re going to see this over and over again in this trial. We’re going to see Trump experience the criminal justice system.

And its routines.

Yeah, openings, witnesses, evidence, closings. He’s going to go through all of it. And I think, at every turn, it makes sense to expect him to say, well, this is not fair. Well, the judge is doing something wrong. Well, the prosecutors are doing something wrong. Well, the jury is doing something wrong.

But at the end of the day, he’s going to be a defendant, and he’s going to sit, mostly silently if his lawyers can make him do that, and watch this process play itself out. So the system is going to try and treat him like any other defendant, even though, of course —

— he’s not. And he is going to fight back like no other defendant would, like no other defendant could. And that tension, him pushing against the criminal justice system as it strives to treat him, as it would anyone else, is going to be a defining quality of this trial.

Well, Jonah, thank you very much. We appreciate it.

Of course. Thanks so much for having me. [MUSIC PLAYING]

PS, have you ever fallen asleep in a trial?

I have not.

[CHUCKLES]:

Here’s what else you need to know today.

It’s clear the Israelis are making a decision to act. We hope they do so in a way that does as little to escalate this as possible and in a way that, as I said —

During a visit to Jerusalem on Wednesday, Britain’s foreign Secretary left little doubt that Israel would retaliate against Iran for last weekend’s aerial attack, despite pressure from the United States and Britain to stand down. The question now is what form that retaliation will take? “The Times” reports that Israel is weighing several options, including a direct strike on Iran, a cyber attack, or targeted assassinations. And —

Look, history judges us for what we do. This is a critical time right now, critical time on the world stage.

In a plan that could threaten his job, Republican House Speaker Mike Johnson will put a series of foreign aid bills up for a vote this weekend. The bills, especially for aid to Ukraine, are strongly opposed by far-right House Republicans, at least two of whom have threatened to try to oust Johnson over the plan.

I can make a selfish decision and do something that’s different, but I’m doing here what I believe to be the right thing. I think providing lethal aid to Ukraine right now is critically important. I really do. I really — [MUSIC PLAYING]

Today’s episode was produced by Rikki Novetsky, Will Reid, Lynsea Garrison, and Rob Zubko. It was edited by Paige Cowett, contains original music by Marion Lozano, Elisheba Ittoop, and Dan Powell, and was engineered by Chris Wood. Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly Lake.

That’s it for “The Daily.” I’m Michael Barbaro. See you tomorrow.

• April 19, 2024   •   30:42 The Supreme Court Takes Up Homelessness
• April 18, 2024   •   30:07 The Opening Days of Trump’s First Criminal Trial
• April 17, 2024   •   24:52 Are ‘Forever Chemicals’ a Forever Problem?
• April 16, 2024   •   29:29 A.I.’s Original Sin
• April 15, 2024   •   24:07 Iran’s Unprecedented Attack on Israel
• April 14, 2024   •   46:17 The Sunday Read: ‘What I Saw Working at The National Enquirer During Donald Trump’s Rise’
• April 12, 2024   •   34:23 How One Family Lost $900,000 in a Timeshare Scam
• April 11, 2024   •   28:39 The Staggering Success of Trump’s Trial Delay Tactics
• April 10, 2024   •   22:49 Trump’s Abortion Dilemma
• April 9, 2024   •   30:48 How Tesla Planted the Seeds for Its Own Potential Downfall
• April 8, 2024   •   30:28 The Eclipse Chaser
• April 7, 2024 The Sunday Read: ‘What Deathbed Visions Teach Us About Living’

Hosted by Michael Barbaro

Featuring Jonah E. Bromwich

Produced by Rikki Novetsky ,  Will Reid ,  Lynsea Garrison and Rob Szypko

Edited by Paige Cowett

Original music by Dan Powell ,  Marion Lozano and Elisheba Ittoop

Engineered by Chris Wood

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon Music

Political and legal history are being made in a Lower Manhattan courtroom as Donald J. Trump becomes the first former U.S. president to undergo a criminal trial.

Jonah Bromwich, who covers criminal justice in New York, explains what happened during the opening days of the trial, which is tied to Mr. Trump’s role in a hush-money payment to a porn star.

On today’s episode

Jonah E. Bromwich , who covers criminal justice in New York for The New York Times.

Background reading

Here’s a recap of the courtroom proceedings so far.

Mr. Trump’s trial enters its third day with seven jurors chosen.

There are a lot of ways to listen to The Daily. Here’s how.

We aim to make transcripts available the next workday after an episode’s publication. You can find them at the top of the page.

The Daily is made by Rachel Quester, Lynsea Garrison, Clare Toeniskoetter, Paige Cowett, Michael Simon Johnson, Brad Fisher, Chris Wood, Jessica Cheung, Stella Tan, Alexandra Leigh Young, Lisa Chow, Eric Krupke, Marc Georges, Luke Vander Ploeg, M.J. Davis Lin, Dan Powell, Sydney Harper, Mike Benoist, Liz O. Baylen, Asthaa Chaturvedi, Rachelle Bonja, Diana Nguyen, Marion Lozano, Corey Schreppel, Rob Szypko, Elisheba Ittoop, Mooj Zadie, Patricia Willens, Rowan Niemisto, Jody Becker, Rikki Novetsky, John Ketchum, Nina Feldman, Will Reid, Carlos Prieto, Ben Calhoun, Susan Lee, Lexie Diao, Mary Wilson, Alex Stern, Dan Farrell, Sophia Lanman, Shannon Lin, Diane Wong, Devon Taylor, Alyssa Moxley, Summer Thomad, Olivia Natt, Daniel Ramirez and Brendan Klinkenberg.

Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly. Special thanks to Sam Dolnick, Paula Szuchman, Lisa Tobin, Larissa Anderson, Julia Simon, Sofia Milan, Mahima Chablani, Elizabeth Davis-Moorer, Jeffrey Miranda, Renan Borelli, Maddy Masiello, Isabella Anderson and Nina Lassam.

Jonah E. Bromwich covers criminal justice in New York, with a focus on the Manhattan district attorney’s office and state criminal courts in Manhattan. More about Jonah E. Bromwich

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Southern California city council gives a key approval for Disneyland expansion plan

FILE - Visitors pass through Disneyland in Anaheim, Calif., April 30, 2021. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong, File)

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ANAHEIM, Calif. (AP) — Visitors to Disney’s California parks could one day walk through the snow-covered hamlet of Arendelle from “Frozen” or the bustling, critter-filled metropolis of “Zootopia” under a park expansion plan approved by the Anaheim City Council.

Disney would spend at least $1.9 billion over the next decade to transform its 490-acre (488-hectare) campus in densely-populated Southern California. It would be the biggest expansion of Disney’s Southern California theme parks in decades, aiming to create more immersive experiences for guests. Disney would also be required to spend tens of millions of dollars on street improvements, affordable housing and other infrastructure in the city.

The council unanimously approved the project early Wednesday at the end of an hourslong meeting that began Tuesday evening. A second council vote for final approval of Disney’s plan is required in May.

The plan wouldn’t expand Disney’s footprint in tourism-dependent Anaheim but would help it add rides and entertainment by letting the company relocate parking to a new multi-story structure and redevelop the massive lot, as well as make other changes to how it uses its properties.

Disneyland, Disney California Adventure and the Downtown Disney shopping area are surrounded by freeways and residential areas in the city 30 miles (48 kilometers) southeast of Los Angeles, so the company sees the plan as vital to creating to continue to create sizable new attractions.

“We are thrilled that the City of Anaheim has agreed to work together on this legacy project,” Disneyland Resort President Ken Potrock said in a statement, adding the company awaits the final vote in May. “We look forward to our bright future together!”

A significant share of public testimony to the city council focused on Disney’s plans to buy a public street near the theme park and turn it into a pedestrian walkway and its intention to add a crosswalk on another neighboring street.

Resident Cassandra Taylor said she looks forward to the new rides the expansion will bring but is concerned about Disney’s plans to privatize a city street, adding she first heard of the idea last month in a newspaper article even though she had attended two informational presentations.

“They might have a pedestrian walkway planned now, but once it is theirs, they could just as easily remove it,” Taylor said. “It will be theirs and theirs entirely. Voters will have no say in its future use.”

Over the last two decades, Disney investments have included Cars Land, Pixar Pier, Star Wars Galaxy’s Edge and Avengers Campus in Southern California. The company has not committed to which stories it plans to feature given that the new development will take years.

It’s the first time Disney has sought a major change to its California theme parks since the 1990s, when the company obtained approvals to turn Disneyland, its original theme park dubbed “the happiest place on Earth” and built in 1955, into a resort hub. It later built the Disney California Adventure theme park and the Downtown Disney shopping and entertainment area.

Disneyland was the second-most visited theme park in the world in 2022 with 16.8 million people coming through the gates, according to a report by the Themed Entertainment Association and AECOM.

Anaheim is Orange County’s most populous city and home to 345,000 people, a major league baseball team and a national hockey league team. Hotel revenue typically makes up about half of the city’s revenue and is expected to climb to $236 million this year, according to city estimates.

California Gov. Gavin Newsom welcomed the vote as a way to create more jobs in the state of 39 million people.

“We look forward to cultivating more Disney magic and building opportunities for all as this investment drives billions of dollars in revenue for our state and local communities,” Newsom said in a statement.

For Anaheim, the plan would translate directly into much-needed cash for police, fire, libraries and other community services, said Mike Lyster, a city spokesman.

“Whenever Disney invests in Anaheim, we see city revenue grow and our economy expand,” Lyster said. “This is a milestone vote for our city.”