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BMAT Section 3: Style, Structure and Technique Expert Tips

BMAT Section 3 is a handwritten task with a choice of three essays and 30 minutes to write one A4 page. So how should you approach this section to maximise your score?

NOTE: BMAT will take place on 18 October 2023 and will be a pen-and-paper test. BMAT will be withdrawn from 2024. Keep an eye on our TikTok channel and live updates article to find out what's happening with BMAT universities after next year.

1. Learn about the whole BMAT

Unlike BMAT Section 1 and BMAT Section 2 , which are multiple choice tests, Section 3 is a test of your ability to communicate complex ideas clearly and concisely in writing.

This is more challenging for some than others. Read our BMAT FAQ to find out more about the test, but your end goal is to find which sections are most challenging for you. Do this as early as possible to help plan your preparation.

Our BMAT specification article takes you through what you need to know for each section. If you get a lot of 'that's obvious' for a certain section, prioritise one of the others.

2. Learn the question types

Explanation of the proposition

You could be asked to explain a proposition in the task or to explain a certain part of it. You may also be asked to explain the implications of the proposition.

Generation of a counterargument

This one is about seeing things from an alternative point of view and either proposing a counterargument or commenting on one.

Reconciliation of two sides

This involves suggesting a solution that addresses both the proposition and the counter-proposition, i.e. building bridges between ideas.

Giving your opinion 

It’s likely that you'll be asked ‘To what extent…’ – this question is asking you to give your judgement. 

The purpose of this section is to assess your ability to examine different sides of an argument and communicate clearly and concisely. This is a vital part of being a doctor.

The writing tasks generally relate to the following areas:

• Medicine or general science 
• Philosophy (e.g. historical quotes)

3. Learn how BMAT Section 3 is scored

You’ll get a score from 1 to 5 (with 5 being the highest) for the quality of content and a band between A to E (with A being the highest) for quality of English. 

To find out more about scoring and what candidates typically get, read our article: What is a good BMAT score?

4. Take time to choose your question

We recommend you spend at least a minute or two actively deciding which question to do, especially as Section 3 is not very time pressured. 

Choose your question wisely. Actively go through each of the essay titles thinking about what points you have to address. Pick the one you have the most thoughts on. 

Avoid ploughing in, only to realise you have two weak points!

5. Plan your work

Plan your essay carefully by spending up to ten minutes on it. Plan to the point where you know exactly what you are going to write.

Split the plan into two parts:

‍ This is the brain dump phase. Write down everything you know about the subject. 

‍ This is the organisation phase. Organise the dumped material into a coherent and logical structure.

If your prompt is ‘obese people shouldn't be treated under the NHS because it's a self-inflicted condition’, the subsections might be:

• Introduction to the issue
• Explaining reasons for treatment
• Explaining reasons against treatment
• Providing your own thoughts, showing a balanced understanding of the issue and ending with a clear and concise conclusion

In the brain dump phase, write as many points as you possibly can and add any examples or facts. For the organisation phase, pick one or two strong points from each section, then work out how they are going to flow together. 

6. Check your essay

If you have time left over, it's useful to proofread what you have written to make sure it all makes sense and is readable. Of course, you must also check that you have answered all parts of the question.

7. Remember it’s not really an 'essay'

Thinking of this section as an essay can make a lot of people worry. If you spend around 15 minutes choosing your question and planning, this leaves you with around 15 minutes to write your ‘essay’. In most circumstances, you don’t write an essay in 15 minutes and you usually write well over a page for an essay. 

Thinking of this as an essay means that you’re more likely to try to write elaborate and long winded sentences and fit in as many topics as possible. This section is about getting to the point quickly and elegantly.

Think of BMAT Section 3 as an 8 or 9 mark piece of writing in GCSE English. It’s not an essay, it’s a short writing task. This will help you get a better understanding of the amount of content you need to cover.

8. Address all parts of the question 

This is really important. Read the question and re-read it. You might even want to make a small checklist at the side. If you don’t address everything that you’re being asked, your score will be capped at a 2 no matter how good your work is. 

For example:

'That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.' - Christopher Hitchens

Explain what you think Christopher Hitchens means. Argue to the contrary that some assertions do not require evidence. To what extent do you agree with the statement?

It’s easy to overlook the final question when pushed for time. Make yourself a checklist like the one below and assign time for each section.

• Explain the meaning of the quote
• Counterargument 
• To what extent…

9. Write neatly using small handwriting

It’s important to write as neatly as possible. Scruffy handwriting makes life harder for examiners. This can obscure any excellent points that you make.

Making your writing small, while still keeping it legible, means you can fit more work in the space provided.

10. Practise writing concisely

That means short and sweet. You only have one page, so cut out any unnecessary commentary and irrelevant sentences. 

After you’ve written your answer under timed conditions, re-read it and trim the fat. Try to spot any areas where you’re waffling or repeating yourself and highlight them. This will make your writing crisp and succinct.  

Here are some ways you can make your writing more concise:

Remove redundancy

There are multiple ways of saying the same thing. Choose the shortest. Avoid phrases like 'first and foremost' or 'each and every'. Using multiple synonyms can also make your writing clunky.

Remove unnecessary qualifiers

Qualifiers such as 'basically', 'probably', 'definitely', 'somewhat', 'slightly' aren’t always necessary. 

Write actively

Passive writing, such as 'The ball was thrown by James', is usually wordier than active writing ('James threw the ball'). ‍

Use words instead of phrases

Use words that mean the same thing instead of phrases. For example, instead of 'due to the fact that', use 'because' or 'since'.

'Each and every individual in the medical and wider healthcare team plays an absolutely crucial and vital role in the delivery of high-quality care that ensures the wellbeing and overall safety of the patient that they’re associated with.' can be rewritten more concisely as 'The multidisciplinary team plays a crucial role in delivering quality care to ensure patient safety.'

Cutting out repetition of synonyms like 'crucial' and 'vital' and qualifiers like 'absolutely' allows you to convey the same meaning more elegantly. 

11. Do your reading

It’s likely that your question will be based on ethics or philosophy so read up on those topics. 

Familiarise yourself with different types of ethics, such as:

• 4 principle approach 
• Utilitarianism 
• Virtue-based ethics

Another strategy is to read books on philosophy or philosophical quotes and then try to think of counterarguments. The more you read, the more you can draw upon in your essay. 

No time for reading? Watch YouTube videos about philosophy or ethics. The School of Life has a great playlist that discusses various philosophers and their views. Wireless Philosophy has a really detailed playlist on ethics.

12. Debate medical topics and philosophical ideas with others

Ever heard of playing devil’s advocate?

Debating will help you create counterarguments. Debate with friends, family or teachers. Once you’ve got the hang of creating counterarguments, it’ll become second nature for you during the exam. 

13. Back your points up

Support your points with examples or statistics. Since there’s such a wide range of topics for BMAT Section 3, it’s unrealistic to learn statistics for every single thing. This is why it’s important to be well read. The more you read, the more likely you are to be able to use something you’ve seen. 

If you don’t have any statistics to quote, don’t be tempted to make things up. BMAT examiners may look up the things you quote, so don’t say anything that would make examiners question your credibility.

14. Ask for feedback

After writing your essay, get feedback from everyone you can think of. This will help achieve objectivity.

Use this checklist to assess your writing

BMAT Section 3 writing checklist

• How is your spelling and grammar?
• Do you use varied vocabulary?
• Do you give arguments for the statement?
• Do you give arguments against it?
• Do you explain the statement?
• Have you answered all parts of the question?
• Does the order you've written your points in make sense?
• Is what you’ve written logical?
• Did you include a conclusion?
• Do you back up your points with examples?

15. Stay up to date with medical news

It’s important to be aware of what’s going on in the medical world and in the wider scientific world. This will help you to draw upon real life examples in the exam.

Sources to check out:

• ‍ Medify’s Instagram page ‍
• Guardian Health | Society ‍
• The BMJ: Leading Medical Research, News, Education, Opinion ‍
• Independent: doctors - latest news ‍ ‍

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The Ultimate Guide to the BMAT Essay (BMAT Section 3) 2022

Section 3 of the BMAT requires you to write a short essay that covers a maximum of one side of A4 paper. You are given a choice of three essay titles that are usually in the form of a statement or a direct quote.

Normally, you’ll be asked to explain the reasoning behind the statement, argue to the contrary and then make a conclusion, although the sub questions can vary.

The quality of your content is scored from 1 to 5 (5 being the highest) and the quality of your English is scored from A-E (A being the highest).

So how should you prepare for this? Here are our top tips on preparing for BMAT Section 3!

Every Sentence Needs a Purpose

In the BMAT, you need to make sure every sentence has a purpose and adds to your argument/counterargument.

You need to make sure nothing is “fluffy” and each sentence makes a standalone point that could not be taken out of the essay. In some ways, this is like a scientific paper, where you want to skip any unneeded adjectives and storytelling to give the most coherent writing style possible.

Remember, you also only have one side of A4 so your space is precious!

Planning is Key!

A big chunk of your essay time should be spent making a plan. Depending on your writing speed, this can be anywhere between 10 and 15 minutes. Every sentence must have a purpose. If you plan in bullet points, you can cover each of your bullet points sentence by sentence.

Make your essay really structured, answering every subquestion individually. Some students use paragraphs to split this up; however, it may be wise to use small indents, as this gives you a little more space on the paper to write more.

It is most logical to follow the structure given in the sub-questions, which is usually:

Explain the reasoning behind the statement

Argue to the contrary

To give a conclusion

When asking your point, you need to give examples. This could be a specific scenario that you think the quote relates to or it could be an example from the news, public figures, a book, or a particular case.

Examples don’t need to be completely unique to score you highly, but they should be entirely relevant to the point of the essay. Don’t try to fit the essay around the example, instead, fit the example to the essay.

Practice as Though it were the Real Thing

You need to make sure that you are practising in the most realistic way possible. It’s really tempting to skip the plan and head straight into the essay; however, it’s going to be more effective if you time yourself the full 30 minutes and force yourself to use 10-15 minutes of this time to adequately plan.

If the BMAT is on pen and paper, download and print some section 3 answer sheets, so you know exactly how much space you have.

Have Fun With It!

I know this is really easy to say and hard in practice but, your application journey is an exciting period of your life. You get to decide on your own future and decide where you’re going to spend the next 5 or 6 years. The BMAT, although tricky, is a part of this and it may open up some really exciting doors for you!

If you would like further help, BMAT tutors can guide you.

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How to write a bmat essay (section 3) [bmat series], what is bmat section 3 how to prepare for it and some of our top tips.

The third section of the BMAT exam is the “essay” writing section. I say “essay” (in quotations) as it is really nothing to be afraid of. This section of the BMAT assesses your essay writing skills by asking you to write a short piece of text that answers a question selected from several options provided to you. These skills include your ability to form clear and concise arguments, provide examples to support these and tie these together to form a logical conclusion in which your opinion is outlined.  Read on to find out more…

What is BMAT Section 3 composed of?

In this section you will be given the choice of three essay titles and you will have 30 minutes to answer the associated question. You are only given 1 A4 piece of paper, with some of the top being used to input candidate details (so it’s not even a whole page!).Therefore, it is not your typical essay – you will only have room to write around 3 paragraphs in total and therefore it will end up being a relatively short piece of writing.

The nature of each question varies. It will take the form of an opinionated statement that gives one point of view or sometimes as a quote, with three accompanying prompts. These prompts will be quite similar for each question: they often ask you to expand on the statement, provide arguments against it, and end with a conclusion. Whilst there is no specific content you need to learn for the essay, the questions are typically divided into the following themes (there is sometimes some variation): one healthcare related, one covering science more generally, and one that is unrelated to science or medicine – sometimes about politics, sociology, philosophy etc.

You may not be studying essay-based subjects, but please do not worry about this. With practice and adequate preparation, you will score well in this section! When choosing an essay question, it is always good to choose a topic you fully understand and have sufficient related knowledge of. Having an opinion on the matter might also be useful when forming a conclusion (although this is not required). In terms of the conclusion though, the examiner is less interested in what your opinion is (ie. whether it is considered right or wrong) but is more concerned with your ability to form logical ideas/arguments and provide evidence and examples to support these.

How is BMAT Section 3 scored?

Two examiners mark your essay. Their scores are then averaged and an overall score is given. If the scores given are very different, a third examiner might mark your essay. There are two parts to the score you are given. The first is a number between 1 and 5. Scores increase in increments of 0.5 and relate to the quality of the content of your essay. This considers how well you have explained your ideas, answered the questions and used the prompts, the structure of your answer and the quality of examples used to support your case. The other score goes from A-E and assesses the quality of English used. This includes grammar and spelling, fluency, and sentence structure.

How to prepare for BMAT Section 3?

As with the other sections of BMAT, hands-down, the best way to prepare for this section is practice. Use past questions and specimen questions to perfect your essay-writing skills. As you only have access to that one page for this section, you have to try and make your case in that space. It may be worth writing essay plans instead if you are running out of time, in order to try as many questions as possible. It is often recommended to spend 1/3 of your time during the exam (so 10 minutes) writing a plan so this will definitely be valuable revision (see below for reasoning why). However, saying this, it is still important to try to get as many proper timed practices in as possible when preparing.

What are some tips for BMAT Section 3?

1. answer all parts of the question..

‍ Make sure to answer all parts of a question, addressing all the prompts given. If you do not do this, you cannot get a high score – the criteria for a 3 is to address all the prompts so please make sure you take care to do this and make it clear you are doing so.

Regarding the questions, always plan your answers before starting. By generating a framework, you are much more able to form a strong structure for your response to the question you select. This will help you remain on the correct path and to ensure you don’t forget any points you make. Planning should take around 5-10 minutes and should include your points for each of your 3 or 4 paragraphs. You should also try to list your selected examples in your plan.

3. Useful knowledge.

It is a good idea to go over medical ethics as this is often relevant to the questions in Section 3. Make sure you know the four pillars of medical ethics and can explain them well enough to illustrate a point.

Also, ensuring you can explore politics and philosophy to answer questions is a great way to tackle Section 3 questions. To do this, it might be useful to read journals and blogs, particularly BBC health articles for examples and points to use. Staying on top of medical news can play to your advantage. Consider debating issues with friends to practise formulating opinions and arguments to answer a question/prompt.

How should you structure your BMAT essay?

You should organise your essay into 3 main parts: an introduction, main body (which can be subdivided further) and a conclusion.

Your introduction should always state what your essay is about and should briefly outline the points you are going to make ie. those for and against the statement. This is a reason why you need to plan - so you have these points ready from the get-go.

After this, you have the main body of the essay. Most will write a paragraph to address each prompt given. What is crucial here is presenting a balanced argument. The marking criteria states you cannot get higher than a 3 if you don’t do this. Use examples to support your points and make sure to start a new paragraph for every major point you make. I would personally recommend a PEEL structure – make your point, then explain it. Back up your explanation with examples, and finally link back to your point and the question to explain why your explanation is relevant.

Your conclusion should summarise the rest of the essay. You shouldn’t make any new points or give any new examples here, instead you should try to form a judgement on the question (if appropriate) and round off the essay.

Make sure to leave a few minutes to check your work after finishing your essay. Remember, you are marked on the quality of English used so ensure this is at a high standard. Being concise, clear and avoiding repetition are all crucial to scoring well in section 3.

How long should you spend preparing for BMAT Section 3?

How long you should spend preparing for this section will depend on the individual (as it does for the other sections). Consider your current ability to write clear and (importantly) concise essays. I would recommend spending 1-2 weeks writing essay plans and scattering a few times practices in the mix too – this will help you work on time management and structuring your essays well. It will also help you get used to the nature of the titles that tend to appear, helping you feel more prepared for the final exam. Try to go through every past paper and practice question you can find and write at least a plan for it. For the ones you struggle with most, challenge yourself to write a full essay - this will help you get used to answering difficult questions.

To Summarise…

This section is nothing to be afraid of. Using your current knowledge and reasoning skills to draw valid conclusions will serve you well in the exam. Make sure to practice, and if you have access to anyone who can mark your essays please make the most of this. Feedback is a goldmine in this instance. Focus on having a clear structure and please, please, please get into the habit of planning everything – you will thank me later! Best of luck to you all - you can do it!

Author: Chandan Sekhon

Editor: Allegra Wisking

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BMAT: Section 3 [The Definitive Guide]

Home » Application Guide » BMAT: Section 3 [The Definitive Guide]

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The BMAT has now been discontinued. All applicants for undergraduate medicine in the UK will be required to sit the University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT) for their application. Check out our wide selection of Free UCAT Guides to get started with your preparation.

Welcome to our guide on the final section of the BMAT – the essay Section 3.

Section 3 of the BMAT is where the test really shows its differences from the other medicine admissions test, the UCAT. Unlike every other section of both exams, this section is NOT multiple choice but a short writing task.

Let’s see how you can prepare your writing skills in time for the big test!

What is BMAT Section 3 and why is it tested?

Section 3 tests your ability to develop and organise ideas and to communicate them concisely and effectively in writing.

It is more commonly known as the dreaded essay section, and many candidates often find themselves questioning its relevance during revision frustration. However, the skills needed to do well in Section 3 are vital for a career in medicine.

The ability to formulate your own arguments and communicate your ideas clearly is crucial for a successful academic or clinical career. The university needs to be able to see a demonstration of these skills in order to be sure that a candidate will be the right fit for the course.

What will Section 3 look like in the BMAT?

The BMAT is a two-hour exam. You have 30 minutes to spend on Section 3. Here’s a quick refresher of the format of the BMAT exam:

The exam paper will offer a choice of three different essay questions, and you must choose one essay to answer. Each essay question will be followed by three prompts and you must address all three parts of this in your essay. For example:

BMAT Section 3 Example Questions (2019 Paper)

• People are often motivated to deny the existence of problems if they disagree with the solutions to those problems.

Explain what you think is meant by the statement. Present a counter-argument. To what extent do you agree with the statement?

2. ‘In science, there are no universal truths, just views of the world that have yet to be shown to be false.’ (Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw)

Explain what you think is meant by the statement. Argue that scientists need to accept some things as ‘truths’ to advance their understanding. To what extent do you agree with the statement?

3. Teamwork is more important for surgical innovation than the skills of an individual surgeon.

Explain the reasoning behind this statement. Argue that the skills of individual surgeons are more important for surgical innovation or progress. To what extent do you agree with the statement?

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You are given a single page of A4 as an answer sheet, and your essay must fit into this space. Only what is contained on the single A4 page will be scanned, sent to the examiner, and marked.  

How Can I prepare for BMAT Section 3?

The BMAT essays, like medical interviews, will cover a range of social and medical issues. To prepare for the BMAT, it is recommended you keep up to date with current medical, social, and political issues.

Newspapers, medical journals, and medical blogs are good resources, with the Health and Science sections of BBC News being particularly useful. Reading these articles will not only arm you with points to use in your essays but will also show you how to argue these ideas articulately and concisely.

It is vital you practice formulating and communicating your ideas about a topic. Get together with other students who are preparing their medical applications and practice debating health and social topics with each other. This will not only increase your chances of getting a good Section 3 score but will also improve your medical interview skills.

The most vital preparation for all BMAT sections is practice. Download the official past papers here   and get used to planning and writing essays under timed conditions. Print off the official answer sheet and use this for writing your essay; it is key you get used to writing in the limited space available.

Of course, we’d also recommend our own resources to help your prepare for the BMAT. We run the best crash courses in the world for the BMAT, as well as having an intuitive online platform in BMAT Ninja. You can get access to both, along with 5 x Section 3 essay edits with our BMAT Bundle (our best value BMAT support).

BMAT Essay Planning

To make the most of your limited answer space, it is incredibly important you spend at least 5-10 minutes planning your essay.

Take a spare piece of paper (there is usually a blank page in the question paper earmarked for this purpose) and plan your essay point by point before you think about touching the answer sheet.

The planning stage can be split into two clear parts.

Get everything down on paper.

Write down everything you know about the subject and all your ideas on the topic.

Organise these ideas.

Create clear subsections, which can be derived from the three prompts listed in the essay question, and structure your ideas into bullet points beneath each heading.

Before moving onto writing your essay make sure:

• The ideas conveyed in your bullet points flow smoothly from one to the next
• Your essay is well balanced , with points covering both sides of the argument
• You have not included any points that are outside the scope of the essay question
• You have only included your most relevant and most important points to make best use of the limited space
• Every part of the essay question and subsequent prompts have been addressed by your ideas

Writing Your Essay

The essay should be divided into three main parts: an Introduction, a Main Body, and a Conclusion. Let’s go into each section in a little more depth starting with the introduction.

THE INTRODUCTION

Your introduction should clearly set out the aims of what you are about to write.

You should state what the essay will try to achieve, and briefly mention some of the main points you will consider, both for and against the essay question.

The introduction is a brief overview of your argument and should not go into any great detail.

Your introduction is successful if it tells the reader:

• What is the topic of the essay?
• What is the essay planning to answer?
• What are the main points for and against?

The introduction is usually where you will tackle the first prompt of the essay question, which usually asks you to explain the reasoning behind a statement or to define a principle.

THE MAIN BODY

The main body of your essay is where you should address your key points in detail.

This should be the longest part of your essay and should be split up into 2-4 paragraphs. Most candidates will write at least one paragraph per each of the three prompts included in the essay question.

It is crucial that the main body of your essay includes points both for and against the essay question. The marking scheme mandates that the essay must communicate a balanced argument to secure a minimum content score of 3.

You should start a new paragraph for each major new idea in your essay, in order to clearly indicate to the examiner the structure of your argument. Each paragraph should start with a sentence that signposts the main point you are going to explore in that section. The rest of the paragraph will then expand and back up your main point in greater detail and with relevant examples.

In each paragraph, only include sentences that are directly related to the issue set out in the signposting sentence.  Quoting sources and statistics can lend an air of professionalism and credibility to your essay. However, if you do not know any, do not make these up – the BMAT examiners are paid by the hour and therefore have the time to fact-check any claim you may make.

THE CONCLUSION

Your conclusion should summarise the main points of your essay, and if appropriate, draw a final judgement on the topic you have been discussing.

There should be no new evidence in your conclusion, it is simply a summary of what you have already stated in the main body of the essay.

In the next section, we will go through examples of successful essay plans so you can see how the entire process works. Read on to check it out.

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Examples of Successful Essay Plans

First, we’ll start by presenting the question that we want to answer. Then we’ll go into the kind of notes you should be writing when planning your essay.

An important part to consider is the wording within the question – this will give you an indication of what the examiners are wanting to see and should direct your essay plan.

Fully Worked Essay Question [1]

As a physician, you have a duty to consider the wider society when treating an individual patient.

Explain the reasoning behind this statement. Argue that a doctor’s main priority should always be the patient he is currently treating. With respect to medical treatment, to what extent can a patient’s interests differ from those of the wider population?

Fully Worked Essay Plan [1]

Explain the statement..

• The four principles of medical ethics, as described by Beauchamps and Childress (2008) are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.
• This statement is clearly addressing the principle of justice: the duty to share and allocate treatment equally across all patients.

Argue that a doctor’s main priority should always be the patient he is currently treating.

• Medical treatment should be individualised where possible. Each patient may respond differently to the same treatment, depending on their individual characteristics and co-morbidities. Therefore while general guidelines may be useful, we should tailor our treatments to best benefit the patient we are currently treating.
• While utilitarianism holds its place in medical ethics, it is important we do not use ‘considering the wider society’ as an excuse to provide subpar care.

With respect to medical treatment, to what extent can a patient’s interests differ from those of the wider population?

• Resources are finite; we must allocate treatments where it will be the most effective and provide the most benefit. For example, a specific drug may provide little or no benefit to a terminal cancer patient but may be curative to those with early stage cancer. Therefore we should prioritise the treatment for the latter group.
• We must consider the cost-effectiveness of each drug. We cannot in good conscience supply an extremely expensive drug that treats only a small number of patients when this comes at the cost of several cheaper treatments that benefit the entire population.
• Certain medical diagnoses are notifiable and Public Health England must be informed, even if the patient does not wish the condition to be disclosed. This is because in some scenarios (e.g. potential spread of a highly contagious disease) protecting the public is deemed more important than an individual’s right to confidentiality. A similar situation arises if a patient refuses to disclose certain diagnoses to official bodies as required by law (e.g. epilepsy to the DVLA). In this case, the doctor is required to override the patient’s wishes and inform the body themselves.

Fully Worked Essay Question [2]

2. Publishing surgeons’ mortality rates may lead to surgeons declining to perform high risk cases and only operating on safer, more routine patients.

Explain what this statement means. Argue that the publication of such statistics is necessary. To what extent do you believe league tables will change surgeons’ behaviour to benefit patients?

Fully Worked Essay Plan [2]

Explain what this statement means..

• Publishing a ‘league table’ of surgeons by their mortality rates may cause physicians to avoid operating on high-risk cases risk to avoid lowering their personal statistics. This will lead to an overall decline in the ability of surgeons and also a dearth of doctors willing to treat difficult cases.

Argue that the publication of such statistics is necessary.

• Publication of such data is needed for clinical governance, namely to produce audits comparing individual surgeon performance to national and regional averages to ensure competency.
• Transparent mortality rates could highlight discrepancies in surgical teaching and education between regions
• By comparing one surgeon to another, surgeons will be incentivised to improve the quality of care they are delivering
• The NHS ‘Choose and Book’ system was introduced to allow patients greater autonomy over who they are treated by. Publication of surgeons’ mortality rates would help patients make an informed decision when choosing a doctor.

To what extent do you believe league tables will change surgeons’ behaviour to benefit patients?

• It would be hoped that publication of league tables would incentivise surgeons to perform better, seek continual training, and strive for optimal performance.
• In medical ethics, beneficence describes a doctor’s duty to perform actions that will benefit patients. It is likely the fear of a poor mortality rate would supersede a surgeon’s duty to abide by this principle; resulting in surgeons avoiding high-risk cases. This would result in an overall detriment, not benefit, to patients.

How will you be marked?

For Section 3, you are graded on both the quality of your content and the quality of your English.

Content quality is graded on a scale from 1-5.

English quality is graded from A-E . 

Therefore the best possible mark you can gain from this section is 5A, however, the average mark achieved is 3A, with only the top 5% of students achieving 4A and above.

Each essay is double marked. For the quality of content, the scores given by each examiner are averaged if they are the same or one point away from each other. So if you are awarded a 3 by Examiner 1 and a 4 by Examiner 2, you will be awarded a 3.5.

However, if the two examiners disagree by more than one point in their marking (e.g. if you are awarded a 2 and a 4) the essay will be sent to a third examiner, with the final mark will be checked by the BMAT Assessment Manager.

For the quality of English, each examiner awards a score of either A, C, or E. The two scores are then combined in the following ways to give the final result: AA = A, AC = B, CC = C, CE = D, EE = E

What do I need to do to get the top mark?

To achieve a 5 for quality of content, you need to produce an essay that:

• Has no significant weaknesses
• Addresses all aspects of the question
• Has an argument that is clear, logical, and well-reasoned
• Covers a wide range of relevant points
• Has a clear and compelling conclusion

To achieve an A for quality of English, your writing must have:

• Good sentence structure
• Good use of vocabulary
• Good spelling, punctuation, and grammar

Does the essay section even matter?

You may hear people say that Section 3 isn’t as important as Section 1 or Section 2. There is an element of truth to this; Oxford and Leeds place a higher weight on Section 1 and 2 (40% each) compared to Section 3 (20%).

However other universities, such as Cambridge, take all marks for the BMAT score into consideration alongside a number of other factors, such as your A-level grades and interview scores.

Therefore, to be an attractive medical candidate to as many universities as possible, it is important to prepare well for every part of your medical application, including Section 3 of the BMAT.

Top Tips For BMAT Section 3

Download the official practice and past paper examinations.

This will make sure you have familiarised yourself with the question format.

Don’t slack when you’re practicing!

Even when practicing, make sure you plan your essays well: this is the most important part of writing your essay.

Use the official answer sheet.

Practice writing essays using the official answer sheet to get used to the space given.

Only practice under timed conditions.

There is little point in writing a perfect essay if it has taken longer than you will have in the exam.

Write neatly, and in the smallest font that is still clearly legible to the examiner.

For an examiner faced with hundreds of essay papers to mark, a well-presented and tidy essay will be a delightful change and they will be more likely to award higher marks.

Keep up to date with the latest medical, social, and political issues.

You can do this by reading news articles and medical journals. This will allow you to provide an educated argument and bring in fresh viewpoints.

Discuss recent medical and political issues with friends & family.

This will help you to shape your ability to formulate and effectively communicate an argument.

Revising for Section 3 of the BMAT is as essential as any other part of your medical application preparation. The knowledge and skills needed to write a good BMAT essay will serve you well in medicine, and more short-term, in your medical interviews.

The key to achieving a competitive score BMAT sections is to familiarise yourself with past papers, practice under timed conditions, and start prepping early!

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BMAT Section 3: Essay

Please note that the BMAT is now discontinued. Most universities that used the BMAT will use the UCAT from 2024 onwards. See our comprehensive UCAT guide.

• Discover how to stand out with your BMAT essay
• Find out how to prepare for Secion 3
• Get the best BMAT essay tips

Jump to Section

Please note that the BMAT is now discontinued, and most universities will switch to the UCAT admissions test from 2024 onwards. See  our comprehensive UCAT guide.

BMAT Section 3: The BMAT Essay

In BMAT Section 3, you’re required to write a short essay. This will cover one side of A4, but it can’t be any longer, so timing and technique are crucial.

Each essay option is based on a short quote or statement. These can be scientific or medically-related but often aren’t. Typical examples might include a quote from Voltaire or Charles Darwin.

Section 3 Scores

Your Section 3 BMAT score will be split into two.

You’ll score between one and five for the quality of the content of your essay. Five is the highest, and awarded to those who have addressed the question in the way demanded, organised their thoughts clearly, and used general knowledge and opinions appropriately.

You’ll also get a score from A to E for the quality of your written English . A is the best, and will be given to students who express themselves clearly using concise, compelling and competent English.

BMAT Section 3 Prep, Tailored To You

Get BMAT strategies from top tutors

Section 3 Essay Questions

You’ll get to choose from three essay questions in Section 3 of the BMAT. You must fill one sheet of A4 in the 30-minute timeframe.

Each question may seem totally different, but the reality is that you’ll do the same three things no matter what question you pick.

When writing your Section 3 essay, you will:

• Explain the proposition, part of it, or its implications
• Produce a counter-argument
• Reconcile the two sides

You may not be studying essay-based subjects for A-Level , which can lead to a degree of trepidation. However, we have designed a clear and repeatable strategy for success in this section that you’ll learn in our BMAT Course – and we can review your BMAT essay practice  too.

How To Tackle Your Question

When it comes to selecting the best question to answer, we recommend you choose the one that:

• Has a statement you understand fully
• Has a question that you understand fully
• Covers a topic that you have good arguments and good general knowledge of

Once you’ve decided on the question, you should follow these steps:

• Write a clear explanation of the statement in one or two sentences
• Prepare your arguments and note them down
• Think about your conclusion
• Start writing once you have the structure planned

Learn score-boosting strategies for producing a 5A essay every time in our BMAT Course.

Bmat Section 3 Essay Tips

• Plan essay questions. Outline the key points, plan contrasting arguments and list points to make in the conclusion.
• Practise writing concisely, with clearly articulated points.
• Ask others to review your work. Send your BMAT essays to us to review – they’ll get marked by an expert Medicine Tutor!
• Read widely, to understand different arguments.

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Our BMAT Course has been created by Doctors and Oxbridge Science grads. It even includes a secret formula for Section 3 success. Secure your place in-person or online.

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How to prepare for BMAT Section 3

UPDATE: Please note that CAAT have announced they will no longer be administering the BMAT in 2024, for 2025 entry. Cambridge University has announced that they will be using the UCAT as an admissions indicator. Oxford University are to announce admissions test changes in Spring 2024.

BMAT Section 3: What is It?

In BMAT Section 3, you will be provided with three essay titles. You will then have to choose one out of the three titles to write an essay that is not longer than the length of more than one side of an A4 paper. 

Each essay title takes the following format: 

• A provocative sentence or opinion
• Three prompts (included in the question) to guide your writing

Here is a question from Section 3 of the 2020 BMAT paper as an example: 

‘Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.’

To what extent is it possible for someone to hold power without using it for their own personal gain? 

Explain the reasoning behind this statement. Argue that power does not necessarily degrade or weaken the morals of those who hold it.

As per the prompts in the question, you should explain the statement first and then offer an oppositional argument in your answer. After this, you will need to weigh both sides of the argument and come to your own conclusion. This is the most typical structure, and it serves as a general guide for answering the question, but there can be different variations. Hence, do not be startled if a question does not fit this structure exactly!

As you only have one side of an A4 piece of paper to work with, you would not be required to write a lot. Furthermore, you also have a time restriction of 30 minutes. Hence, when writing your essay, keep the time and space restriction in mind in case you run out of time or space.

What kinds of titles might I anticipate for BMAT Section 3 essays?

As stated on the BMAT website, Section 3 of the BMAT “measures the competence to create ideas and to present them effectively in writing”. This means that Section 3 of the BMAT is not a knowledge-based exam, and therefore there is no specific content that you will need  to revise or memorise. They could test anything under the sun, so do not make the mistake of trying to revise every topic that you come across in past papers as this would be a waste of valuable revision time! Instead, you can focus on revising general essay writing techniques such as how to structure your essay well or how to form a strong argument. 

With such varied possibilities, how can you anticipate what essay titles will come up in the exam? While there is no set syllabus for BMAT Section 3, you can get an idea of the style of questions by looking at past papers available online. You will notice that in each past paper, there is often one question related specifically to healthcare, one on science in general, and one that focuses on a topic completely unrelated to medicine, such as human nature, society, or politics.

In terms of choosing which topic to answer, your natural inclination may be to choose the question on medicine or science, since this topic would be more familiar to you. However, these questions could contain terminology that you might not be familiar with, or have aspects of the question that you do not understand. On the other hand, the non-medicine or scientific essay titles could be a lot broader. This could make these questions easier to answer, as you will have a wider range of examples to choose from. Hence, the tip is to not go into the exam expecting to answer a specific topic. Instead, you should try to be open-minded. This means to carefully read through all the questions, and choose your question based on what you think you can answer best. A good way of judging which question you can answer best is by quickly brainstorming points and examples for each question title. The question that you are able to come up with the most points and examples for will likely be your best choice. 

How is Section 3 of the BMAT scored?

Two examiners will grade your essay, and each will assign two scores. One score, from 0 to 5, is given for content, which includes your display of logic, how effectively you responded to the prompts, the way your argument is structured, and how you utilise examples to support your claims. The other grade, from A to E, is for your quality of English, including vocabulary, sentence structure, syntax, and spelling.

The marks from the examiners are then averaged. For an extreme example, 4A from one and 3C from the other would result in a 3.5B (Most examiners usually would give each essay a similar grade). The highest possible grade is a 5A. 

Less than 10% of applicants scored 4 or higher in 2020, with the average content score being 3. More than 70% of applicants received an A for English proficiency. A good score is generally a score of 3A or higher.

How can I get ready for the BMAT Section 3?

One of the best methods to get ready is to try previous examination papers or sample essay questions. You may wish to start your preparation without a time constraint, in order to familiarise yourself with your answering style and how you approach the question, but you should definitely practise writing under timed conditions closer to the exam date. You should also practise answering these questions in the sample response sheet, in order to get a sense of how much space you have available. This is because in the actual examination, you must fit whatever you wish to write onto the available one-sided A4 page of the test sheet as no extra pages would be given. After writing your essays, you should seek feedback by asking someone to read your essays, as they may point out any areas that need improvement that you might not have otherwise noticed on your own.

If you would like to learn case studies that you can use as examples in your essays, it would be useful for you to read more broadly about ethics, science, and current events. Using examples in your essay will improve your responses and consequently the grade that you would receive, but be careful to not use them excessively. Do not include every example that you can think of in your answer. A good general rule of thumb is to support every point that you have with only 1-2 examples and to cite these examples in a clear and succinct way such that it supports your point, instead of being your point.

A tip for memorising is to choose case studies that you are already aware of or would be memorable to you, for example case studies that are related to a personal interest or something you have studied at school. You can then summarise your chosen case studies on flash cards in a concise way, such as in bullet points, and memorise using these flashcards. Avoid trying to memorise too many case studies – quality is definitely better than quantity. If you can memorise a smaller number of case studies that you can apply to lots of different types of questions, such as a medical ethics case study that was in the news, this would be a more effective use of your revision time.

How will universities utilise my Section 3 score?

Each university that requires the BMAT uses BMAT scores differently. This is the case for Cambridge – they weigh your application as a whole, considering aspects of your interview, predicted or achieved grades, as well as your BMAT. That being said, having too low of a BMAT score could jeopardise an offer from Cambridge, but there is no specific cut-off that they use. 

On the other hand, Oxford is more straightforward with its usage of BMAT scores. They would calculate a composite BMAT score, with Section 3 making up a certain percentage of that score. After that, they set a cutoff below which candidates are not invited for an interview. Specifically, Section 3 makes up 20% of this composite BMAT Score, with quality of content being weighted twice as heavily as quality of english. Keep in mind that they also weigh GCSEs equally with your overall BMAT score when determining interview readiness!

It’s crucial to verify the website or prospectus of each BMAT medical school you’re thinking about applying to since these methods might also alter from year to year. The BMAT portion of our guide to medical schools includes information on how each score is used to choose applicants.

Essays from Section 3 may potentially be utilised as talking points during yout interview. Candidates at UCL, for instance, are frequently requested to examine and elaborate on their writings. On the BMAT examination day, you should take notes regarding the questions you answered and the things you wrote. Otherwise, you may not remember much by the time interview offers are sent out! 

BMAT Section 3: Top Tips

BMAT Section 3 essay writing represents an intimidating final hurdle for many BMAT takers. Given the time and space limitations (30 minutes, one side of A4), savvy exam techniques are essential to maximising your score.

1. Answer the question – all of it!

Do not, whatever you do, fail to answer the question in its entirety. This means more than just sticking to the title – it includes addressing all three prompts and giving proper attention to each. This is due to the marking criteria, which makes it challenging for an examiner to give a response of a score higher than 2 if it does not fully address the topic – even if it is an amazing essay! This is because it could be a good essay, but it is not an essay that answers the question. Hence, this means that even if you write a perfect essay but you do not cover all the prompts that they have asked, you would still get a low score.

2. Select the question that you can best answer

Although it may seem like a piece of obvious advice, applicants frequently remark that they struggle to select which title to choose. You should base your choice of question on your ability to answer the question – that is, choose the one for which you can offer the strongest justifications and arguments. Do not choose a title just because you have heard the statement before or because you can immediately think of one particular case. Furthermore, do not feel inclined to choose the science or medicine-related question. Examiners do not favour answers that are scientifically related, as they are marking based on your argumentation skills!

The most important thing to remember is to exercise caution if you are able to answer two of a question’s prompts but lack the ability to answer the final and third prompt, because you are unable to entirely grasp what it means or because you simply do not have anything to say about it. In such a case, be wary of this and do not choose that particular question, no matter how compelling your arguments for the first two prompts would be. This is because in order to thoroughly answer the question, it is crucial that you address all three prompts in your response.

3. Develop your planning skills

You have undoubtedly heard the advice to wait until you have a clear strategy before beginning to write before. This advice is crucial for Section 3, as if you do not plan well, you would find yourself struggling to think of examples mid-way through the examination, and may run out of time.

When planning, use the question sheet instead of the lined answer sheet for this – you need all the space available for your response! Your planning should take around 5-15 minutes. Some candidates prefer a longer planning time because they believe that with a solid framework in place, writing will be done more quickly. However, ultimately how much time you take should depend on you. Your decision on how much time you should allocate can be fine-tuned by doing past year papers and figuring out what works for you. However, take note to not exceed 15 minutes in planning, otherwise, you would run out of time to write your actual essay.

In your planning, you should plan for the structure of your essay. Divide it into the three or four paragraphs you will write, each of which will respond to one of the three questions. Each paragraph you have planned should represent a different part of your argument and be linked to the examples you intend to use.

4. Practice using realistic test circumstances

This is a wonderfully practical method for preventing terrible timing errors on the big day. Create a specific 30-minute timetable that suits you as much as possible, and make sure that this includes time for question selection, planning, writing, and editing. 

Afterwards, set up examination-like conditions where you would attempt the BMAT Section 3 questions in only 30 minutes. You can download past year papers from the official Cambridge Admissions Assessment Testing website, and it would be ideal for you to not look at the papers before your stimulated examination practice. You could also go one step further and try the BMAT examination as a whole, where you not only practise Section 3 on its own but with Sections 1 and 2 as well. This will simulate the nature of the actual exam.

It is recommended to print off blank sample answer sheets from the BMAT website because they give less space than an average side of A4.

5. Definitely include examples in your essay

The importance of using examples to support your claims in BMAT Section 3 essays is frequently stressed. This is because the use of examples is included in the marking scheme, hence this would directly improve your grade. However, simply including examples in your answer would not help you improve your score – you have to use them appropriately as well.

Your examples should only be used to support your arguments, and they should also be sufficiently detailed. Do not fall into the common pitfall of overly describing your example – this would cause your paragraph to detract from the main point, as well as take up valuable space and time. On the other extreme, you should also avoid using examples that do not add weight to your point or are not relevant. A good guide is that your example should only take up 1-2 lines, and only describe them in a way that is relevant to the point that you are explaining.

6. Dig deeper if you find yourself having too little or too much space

If you frequently run out of space to complete your essay, either your handwriting is too big or you are attempting to cram too much information into your essay. 

On the other hand, if you find it difficult to write a page’s worth of text and your handwriting is not too small, attempt to phrase your essay using an appropriate structure. For example, you can have an introduction and conclusion paragraph, along with 3 middle body paragraphs. Each body paragraph could answer each of the prompts in the question, and be of around 6-7 lines. You could even have a structure for your individual body paragraphs, such as starting it off with a point, followed by an example, before elaborating on that example and finally linking it back to your original point. Having a good structure helps you to avoid missing out on key details, and it also helps you to communicate your ideas in a succinct and readable manner. 

7. Have an opinion or conclusion in your essay.

A solid BMAT essay will always weigh the arguments in favour of and against the thesis and have an opinion in the conclusion. This is because the grading requirements for a score of 5 state that a good essay will “lead to a convincing synthesis or conclusion.”

This will require more depth than just declaring complete support for either side of the argument. Having a conclusion also does not mean simply restating your ideas from our earlier body paragraphs. Instead, you should try and give your opinion on which side of the argument you favour, and briefly explain why. Afterwards, it would be good to include exceptions or situations where you might not necessarily agree on that side. 

8. Always check your work

You should try and set aside 5-10 minutes at the end of your allocated time for Section 3 for final grammar and spelling checks. This is to avoid any simple grammatical or punctuation errors that would otherwise compromise the readability of your essay. Furthermore, you can also take this time to embellish your essay with any adverbs that can help strengthen your argument.

When attempting practice papers for BMAT, use this approach instead of only checking your essay on the actual examination itself. This is because practising it beforehand would allow you to identify and resolve any common grammatical or spelling mistakes. You will then need to check less on the day of the BMAT exam as you will hopefully make fewer errors and be quicker at checking for spelling and grammar mistakes. 

9. Ask for feedback on your practice essays

You should always ask someone to review your practice essays in order for them to point out any areas of suggestions that you would not otherwise be aware of. They could mark your Section 3 BMAT essays using the mark scheme that is available online, as well as comment on how well your ideas flow or how well they answer the question. If you do not have anyone that you are able to ask, look no further than Medic Mind for knowledgeable BMAT tutors who can provide you with precise score estimates! Otherwise, anybody who is familiar with the Section 3 marking standards would be a good place to start, and these could be your friends, family, instructors, and neighbours.

10. Understand the mark scheme

You should study the mark scheme for BMAT Section 3, which is available on the official Cambridge Admissions Assessment Testing website. This is to allow you to understand what is the best way to score. 

Furthermore, it would allow you to understand the expectations of the marker, which could allow you to relax as the standards might not be as high as you think! For example, the expectations for the English language are rather modest, and you would have more freedom to use simple language. Instead, you might realise that it would be more advantageous to focus on argumentation strategy rather than memorising vocabulary!

11. Be more flexible in taking into account other viewpoints

Your capacity to weigh numerous points of view and present them in a clear and cogent manner is what is being tested on the BMAT Section 3 exam. Hence, you should be able to consider how the subject could affect many groups of people, such as that of patients, physicians, and the general public. You can also further analyse the consequences to stakeholders in your essay by relating how a certain situation might benefit one group but harm another. This would allow you to have a wide range of information and perspectives to draw on.

12. Keep up to date with social and medical concerns

Generally speaking, the writing assignments in Section 3 have a broad scientific or medical focus. Hence, try to stay up to date on the news, paying special attention to stories on science and medicine. You can even incorporate this into your everyday life by talking about these articles with your loved ones so that you can learn other viewpoints and practice expressing yourself. Doing this will make it simpler for you to write down your views in an essay format, and pick up examples or perspectives you might not originally have thought of.

BMAT Section 3 is a written essay component of the BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) used by some universities as part of the admissions process for medical and veterinary schools. It assesses a candidate’s ability to articulate their thoughts and opinions on a given topic within a specified time limit.

To prepare for BMAT Section 3, it is important to practice writing essays within the time limit provided. You should also familiarize yourself with the structure and content of the test by reviewing past papers and sample questions. Additionally, you can improve your critical thinking and argumentation skills by reading widely and engaging in discussions or debates.

To write a successful BMAT Section 3 essay, it is important to read the question carefully and plan your response before beginning to write. You should also structure your essay in a clear and logical manner, using evidence and examples to support your arguments. It is also important to demonstrate a depth of understanding of the topic and to consider different perspectives and potential counterarguments.

The topics presented in BMAT Section 3 can vary widely, but generally relate to current events, scientific or ethical issues, or broader social or political issues. Candidates should be prepared to analyze and provide thoughtful opinions on these topics within the allotted time.

Yes, there are many resources available to help candidates prepare for BMAT Section 3, including past papers and sample questions, online courses or tutoring services, and study guides or textbooks. It is important to choose resources that are reputable and aligned with the content and format of the BMAT.

BMAT Section 3 is scored based on the quality of the written essay. The essay is marked by two independent examiners who are trained to assess the quality of writing and content. The examiners assess the essay on four criteria: quality of content, quality of written English, the ability to organize and present ideas in a clear and logical manner, and the ability to show insight and critical thinking skills. Each criterion is given a score from 0.5 to 5.0, with a total score ranging from 2.0 to 10.0. The two scores are then combined to provide an overall score for the essay. The score for BMAT Section 3 is not directly comparable to scores in other sections of the BMAT or to scores on other admission tests. The score is used by universities as one of the factors in their admission decisions.

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Mastering the BMAT: Your Essential Guide to Oxford and Cambridge Medical Admissions

Importance of BMAT

Test structure and format.

How to Prepare for the BMAT

Are you looking to study biomedical sciences or medicine at Oxford or Cambridge? If so, sitting for the Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT) is compulsory! The BMAT is a key component of the application process, providing a level playing field for applicants to distinguish themselves. In this blog post, the BMAT will be detailed, along with insights and tips to aid adequate preparation. Read on!

Who Needs to Take the BMAT?

The Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT) is a critical requirement for those aspiring to enter certain medical, veterinary, and related health courses at a range of universities in the UK , including prestigious institutions like the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge . This standardised test is designed to assess fundamental skills and aptitudes crucial to succeeding in these demanding fields, such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and scientific knowledge application. Its objective nature ensures that all applicants, regardless of their educational background, are evaluated fairly, making it a key step for anyone targeting a career in these medical and health disciplines.

In the context of Oxford and Cambridge’s highly competitive medical school admissions, the significance of the BMAT cannot be overstated. As a standardised test, it plays a pivotal role in assessing the aptitude and skills essential for success in medical school.

The admissions team at Oxford and Cambridge utilises the BMAT to differentiate among the large pool of strong applicants they receive each year. Specifically, the BMAT focuses on evaluating candidates' abilities in problem-solving, critical thinking, and communication — all vital competencies for thriving in medical school.

A strong performance in the BMAT can substantially enhance an applicant’s likelihood of being called for an interview and ultimately receiving an offer . In this way, a candidate’s BMAT score becomes a crucial component of the selection process, serving as a key criterion for shortlisting candidates for the interview stage.

The BMAT is structured into three sections , each focusing on different skill sets and question types. The time allocated for each section varies, with 30 minutes for sections 2 and 3 and 60 minutes for section 1.

In terms of scoring, the BMAT uses a 9-point scale , with each section being scored separately. For Sections 1 and 2, candidates earn one mark for each correct answer and 0 for incorrect answers.

These scores are then placed on the 9-point BMAT scale. Section 3, however, is scored differently. It's initially scored out of 5, and these raw marks are later adjusted to fit the 1.0 to 9.0 scale, aligning with the scores of the other sections. The average BMAT score typically falls between 4.0 and 6.0, with 6.0 and above considered strong.

BMAT Test Structure and Format Summary Table

Breakdown of the bmat test sections: understanding the core components.

In the first section, candidates are assessed on their understanding of fundamental biological concepts and principles through multiple-choice questions. This section is similar to the UCAT Verbal Reasoning section, necessitating a careful and logical approach. To excel, candidates must practice diligently, focusing on developing a deep understanding of various concepts and applying them in diverse and increasingly complex scenarios.

The second section evaluates candidates’ ability to apply scientific knowledge and skills to problem-solving . Often familiar to many, this section is generally considered the easiest to prepare for among the three. It specifically assesses problem-solving, critical thinking, and communication skills. Success hinges on sufficient practice to gain familiarity with the questions and tackling each problem logically.

The final section focuses on communication and wider reading, requiring candidates to discuss different viewpoints on given subject areas . This section tests the ability to present arguments, consider various perspectives, and reach reasoned conclusions. Effective preparation can involve reviewing past essay topics, engaging in discussions with others, and practicing writing argumentative essays. Throughout the practice, it's important to develop the skill of dissecting the question, planning responses in advance, and forming concise yet well-supported arguments.

How to Prepare for the BMAT?

Preparing for the BMAT requires a strategic approach to ensure comprehensive coverage of all topics and skills assessed in the test. Here are some refined tips and strategies to help you prepare effectively:

1. Start Early: Building a Strong Foundation

• Importance of Time Management: Beginning your preparation early provides ample time to thoroughly understand each topic.
• Gradual Learning: This approach allows for a more effective absorption of information, avoiding the stress of cramming.

2. Create a Study Plan: Structuring Your Preparation

• Daily/Weekly Goals: Establish specific goals for each day or week to monitor progress and maintain focus.
• Tailored Focus: Allocate more time to weaker areas, ensuring a balanced and comprehensive understanding.
• Week 1-3: Focus on mastering each section with regular reviews.
• Week 4: Intensive revision of weaker areas.
• Week 5-7: Practice under timed conditions to improve speed and accuracy.

3. Get Disciplined and Practice: The Key to Mastery

• Consistent Practice: Regular practice is essential for familiarity with the exam's format and types of questions.
• Diverse Resources: Utilize a range of study materials, including past papers and online resources.

4. Seek Feedback and Assistance: Leveraging External Help

• Peer Review: Collaborate with peers for new perspectives and problem-solving methods.
• Professional Guidance: Seek advice from tutors or teachers, especially for complex topics or essay writing.

5. Work Sustainably: Balancing Rigor with Rest

• Avoid Burnout: Integrate adequate rest into your study plan to maintain mental well-being.
• Active Breaks: Engage in relaxing yet active breaks, such as sports or hobbies.

6. Take Practice Tests: Simulating the Exam Experience

• Realistic Simulation: Timed tests help adapt to the exam's pressure and time constraints.
• Identifying Patterns: Regular tests aid in recognizing common mistakes and challenging areas.

Check out Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing’s free BMAT preparation materials

7. Stay Calm and Focused: Mental Preparedness on Test Day

• Mindfulness Techniques: Use techniques like deep breathing to stay calm during the exam.
• Time Management: Develop and adhere to a time allocation strategy for different test sections.

8. Book a Free Consultation: Seeking Expert Guidance from Crimson Education Advisors

• Expert Advice: Scheduling a free consultation with a Crimson Education advisor , especially one with experience at Oxford and/or Cambridge, can provide invaluable insights and practical steps for BMAT preparation.
• Tailored Strategies: These advisors can offer personalized advice to enhance your study methods and overall approach, significantly increasing your chances of success in the BMAT and your journey to gaining admission to Oxford or Cambridge.
• Comprehensive Support: They can help in identifying your strengths and weaknesses, providing targeted strategies that cater to your individual needs and aspirations.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

1. insufficient practice: emphasizing regular preparation.

• Consistent Effort: Consistent and thorough practice is crucial for success in the BMAT.
• Varied Exercises: Engage in diverse practice exercises to cover all test aspects.

2. Poor Time Management: Mastering the Clock

• Strategic Approach: Avoid spending excessive time on challenging questions and allocate your time wisely.
• Pacing Techniques: Practice pacing like in a marathon, ensuring steady progress throughout the test.

3. Overlooking the Essay Section: Honing Writing Skills

• Equal Importance: Balance your preparation to include significant essay writing practice.
• Structured Responses: Focus on structuring essays effectively with clear arguments and concise conclusions.

4. Neglecting Weak Areas: Addressing All Topics

• Comprehensive Review: Identify and work on weaker areas, not just on strengths or familiar topics.
• Seek Help: If certain areas remain challenging, seek additional help or resources.

5. Stress and Anxiety: Maintaining Composure

• Mindfulness Practices: Use techniques like meditation or deep breathing to manage stress.
• Simulated Conditions: Regular practice under exam-like conditions can help reduce anxiety.

6. Underestimating the Test: Respect the BMAT's Complexity

• Realistic Expectations: Recognize the BMAT's challenge and approach it with dedication.
• In-depth Study: Aim for a deep understanding of each topic, beyond superficial knowledge.

These tips address the common pitfalls encountered by BMAT candidates, offering strategies to improve preparation and performance in the test.

Essential Strategies for BMAT Test Day Success

1. prepare and arrive early.

Ensure you comply with all instructions and bring the required identification materials on test day. Avoid unnecessary stress before the test by arriving 15-20 minutes early for check-in. This allows you some quiet time to calm your nerves. The last thing you want is to enter the exam venue feeling anxious and flustered from having rushed.

2. Read Questions Carefully

It's crucial to read each question carefully and with precision. Answering questions incorrectly due to a misreading can be easily avoided with this careful approach.

3. Time Management

You may encounter questions that momentarily stump you. Don't dwell on these longer than your allocated time per question. Move to secure marks from other questions first, then return to the challenging ones. In multiple-choice sections, like sections 1 and 2, it's wise to eliminate options, make an informed preliminary guess, and revisit the question later.

4. Stay Level-Headed

Find ways to quieten and calm your mind. This could be through meditation, prayer, or any routine that helps you stay composed. Experiment with different techniques during your timed practices and replicate them on the day. Remind yourself that you have prepared diligently for the test and that it's simply a matter of executing it like another practice test.

Final Thoughts

As you receive your BMAT scores and reflect on the journey thus far, the next phase of your journey to Oxford unfolds. Here's a structured approach to navigating the post-test steps effectively:

• Understand where your score positions you in the competitive landscape. A high score can be a significant advantage, but don't be discouraged if it's not as high as you hoped. Every part of your application matters.
• If your BMAT score aligns with the requirements of your chosen course at Oxbridge, prepare for the possibility of being shortlisted for interviews. These interviews are a critical component of the selection process and demand as much preparation as the BMAT itself.
• Regularly check the official Oxford and Cambridge website for updates on the application process, interview schedules, and any additional requirements specific to your course.
• Take the time to reflect on your BMAT experience. What went well? What could have been better? Use these insights to improve and prepare for the next stages.
• Consider booking a free consultation with an expert Crimson Education counselor. These counselors, especially those with experience in Oxbridge admissions, can provide tailored advice to maximize your chances of success. They can help refine your interview skills, polish your personal statement, and provide insights into the Oxbridge admissions process.
• Remember, the journey to Oxbridge is a marathon, not a sprint. Maintain a positive outlook and stay prepared for each step of the process.

The journey to a top UK University is challenging but immensely rewarding. With the right preparation, mindset, and guidance, you can enhance your prospects and make your dream a reality. Remember, the effort you put in now can open doors to a world of opportunities. Stay focused, stay motivated, and take the first step towards your future at Oxbridge.

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Mastering the BMAT Test in 2024: General Preparation Tips And Section Strategies

N.B. The BMAT test will be discontinued for those applying for 2025 entry. Students will take the UCAT .

In this blog, we provide students with general BMAT preparation advice (how to structure your prep, adjust your mindset and gear up for the test), as well as specific guidance on each of the three sections, including an overview of question types and tips/ resources for preparation.

General preparation for the BMAT

Tip 1: adjust your mindset.

The Biomedical Admissions Test is a completely different style of exam to GCSEs and A-levels as the marks are generally awarded in a roughly normal distribution. This means that most candidates will score between 4-5 on sections 1 and 2. Aiming for an 8 or 9 is not the same as aiming for an A*, and beating yourself up over what seems like an average mark isn’t going to help. Most good candidates will score in the 5-6 bracket with excellent candidates scoring 6-7, so this should be your aim.

Source: https://www.admissionstesting.org/Images/563514-bmat-explanation-of-results-2019.PDF

BMAT score distribution 2019

Tip 2. Do dress rehearsals

Make sure you do a few full length mocks near the end of your revision for two reasons. Firstly, as with most exams, it’s a bit of a marathon and practising focussing for that long is important, as well as getting used to the conditions (we don’t know if the BMAT will stay online or go back to paper after COVID). Secondly, the BMAT is essentially three exams back to back as each section is taken away before the next begins. If you have only been revising one section at a time then it’s a new skill to be able to switch mindset from logic/critical thinking to science to essay writing.

Tip 3. Use your time well

The start of year 13 is very stressful for medicine applications. Not only is the pace of your subject studies increasing, but you potentially also have to prepare for UCAT (unless you did it over the summer), the BMAT, and send in your personal statement. Make a timetable of when you want to start beginning BMAT revision based on how much work you want to do. We recommend doing a little bit most days and starting earlier than anticipated. This is going to be much less stress-inducing than cramming in the final two weeks. Additionally , have a plan of what you are covering each day to maximise efficiency e.g practice questions, wider reading, or science revision.

Tip 4. Look after yourself

This follows on from the last point; application time is a tough period but you can get through it! Give yourself a day off each week from anything and everything medicine and focus on your wellbeing. Don’t burnout before you even get an interview.

Tip 1. Read the question stem first

The questions have a lot of information in them and it can become very time consuming to attempt to assimilate the information before reading the stem and going back to find the relevant bits. If you read the question stem first you’ll be able to filter out the less relevant bits as you read the extra information. After you have glanced over everything, read the question stem again to make sure you have interpreted it correctly.

Tip 2. Not all questions are the same

Some questions will stump you; this test is not designed for you to get 100% on. However, the questions are all worth the same number of marks. If you have read through everything and don’t know where to start then move on and come back to it later, you’ll be subconsciously processing it as you continue so you might have better luck second time round.

Tip 3. Brush up on your critical thinking

A big part of section 1 involves critical thinking and identifying the logic or flaws in arguments. If you haven’t done any critical thinking courses in the past then invest some of your initial revision on learning argument structure as well as basic flaws and common fallacies. You can get extra practice at identifying these by reading opinion columns or even social media comment threads (I wouldn’t count this as “official revision” though). U2 also have a number of medicine mentors who support students with BMAT, and can guide you through vital critical thinking strategies. Contact us for a free consultation to discuss.

Tip 4. Utilise additional exam resources

BMAT practice questions are the gold standard as they show you the exact style of questions that come up. However, you can get extra practice from some of the aspects of the UCAT examination. For this reason, try to time your UCAT exam with the start of your BMAT revision. This way the skills you’ve learnt can stay fresh. Additionally, you can always use TSA (thinking skills assessment) practice questions for extra content as well.

Extra BMAT questions:

https://www.medify.co.uk/bmat

Tip 1: Double check the content

The BMAT science questions aim to cover the GCSE syllabus. This means they cover the content from every syllabus, and they aren’t all the same. The knowledge expected is in an assumed knowledge guide. Read it and make sure you have at least covered everything on there; the worst thing that could happen is getting caught out by an obscure module that was not in your GCSE specification.

Tip 2. Know your formulas

Physics seems to be the science that catches people out as a lot of people haven’t looked at it since GCSE. A lot of the physics questions comes down to knowing formulas and, unlike in GCSE (for some anyway), you won’t have an equations page at the front of the exam. Know them inside and out. It’s a step up from GCSE as some questions will require you to use two equations; using the first to get an intermediate answer to put into the second equation.

Tip 3. Understand the material

Another difference from GCSE: past questions don’t come up, but concepts do . It isn’t just about learning random morsels of scientific fact, many of the questions rely on the application of knowledge learned in GCSE. I remember being outraged that one of the chemistry questions in my exam was covering a topic we had learnt in year 13 as opposed to in GCSE. However, applying the basics of science from GCSE will allow you to answer any of the questions regardless of if you continued it at A-level. 

Tip 4. Learn to love estimating

There is no calculator in the BMAT, despite some of the questions seemingly deserving one. Work on your mental maths to whittle down the time spent working through the maths answers but, ultimately, estimating saves the most time . A few of the questions will have stupid calculations involved that will take too long to get an exact answer for, and you will probably make an error anyway. The multiple choices reflect this uncertainty and are different enough that rounding and estimating will still guide you to the right answer.

Tip 1. Read up on medical principles

To gain top marks in the essay you need to add additional facts . The chances are that, unless you have absorbed a medical library, you won’t have a specific stat or fact for the topics that come up. Instead, focus on general reading such as ethical principles in medicine , healthcare structures in the UK and abroad, and current medical news. This broad knowledge is often applicable to many BMAT essay questions in some form or another. Not only will this be helpful in your essay, it will also aid you in upcoming medical interviews.

Medical ethics

https://ollieburton.com/feed-articles/2017/7/19/interview-preparation-four-pillars-of-medical-ethics

https://www.medstoriesblog.com/blog/the-four-pillars-of-medical-ethics

NHS structure

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CSp6HsQVtw

Medical news

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health

N.B. Develop a mental library of ‘case study’ examples to work into your writing (rather than merely reading the news and hoping for the best)

Subscribe for free to our co-curricular division, Minds Underground™’s Curious Minds digest to be sent regular STEM resources (including Medicine)

MU Mind-Enhancing Articles Medicine section for blogs on the latest exciting medical developments written by our team of Oxbridge medics

We host a Medical Club every Saturday during term times, where you will discuss & critique the latest medical issues and news, hosted by our Oxbridge medics. The Club is a precursor to our Medicine Summer School , which takes place June-August, see PDF .

Tip 2. Don’t jump into writing

The essay questions are often quite vague or worded in a difficult way to understand. One point to include in your essay is usually to explain the statement/question and so people often let out a sigh of relief if they read a question that they actually understand (make sure not to just reword the statement though). However, there’s more to writing the essay than being able to understand what the question is about. Spend a minute or two sitting and reflecting on each option. It often quickly dawns on you what each question is asking and you may realise you can actually write a much better argument on the more abstract statements. Knowing you can write several solid points is better than being able to explain the question followed by floundering for content.

Tip 3. Plan out properly

Following on from the previous point, take the time to plan . Spend at least 5-10 minutes making a detailed plan. It does not take very long to write down an A4 page of work when you know exactly what you’re writing. The marks are partly awarded on the fluency of your argument and so taking a moment to narrow down your ideas to the best points will stop the examiner getting lost in mediocre waffle. Additionally, you only have one A4 page to write your points on, it’s way less than you think. You don’t want to be getting to your ground breaking conclusion to find you have one line to fit it onto.

Tip 4. Answer the whole question

When you choose your question, there will be guidance on what to include. If you include all of it then you have secured at least a mark of 3. This is nearly always enough to get an interview. Therefore, when you’re drawing up your plan, make sure it answers all aspects of the question. Even if you write university grade material, if you only answer 2 out of the 3 domains you will not satisfy the criteria for a 3 grade. Additionally, this criteria often includes choosing a side in your conclusion. Whilst you don’t have to go 100% in one direction, staying completely neutral does not score well.  

Finally, do not be disheartened, it is only natural that your scores in past papers will fluctuate. Practise, practise, practise and all will be okay! Remember that this is not the only part of the admissions process.

By Thomas (5th year medical student at Imperial College London performing in the top 5% of the year)

How can U2 help prepare you for the BMAT & wider medical application?

U2 offer admissions test preparation either as part of our wider Medical School / Oxbridge Mentoring programmes or as separate ad hoc tuition (book a free consultation to discuss options).

The Process:

1) We suggest a medicine graduate (Predominantly Oxbridge-educated, with experience of other top UK medical schools) as a mentor and send their full CV for review. Our mentors are deeply familiar with the admissions process to study Medicine at top UK Medical Schools and Oxbridge, and we have tutors who specifically specialise in BMAT admissions test preparation.

2) We typically suggest beginning with a 1.5 hour informal assessment/ taster session , where the mentor will informally assess the student’s current performance level for test (and interview if desired). Following this, we issue a report with feedback, and structure a plan to best prepare.

3) BMAT Session Components:

Our customisable BMAT (BioMedical Admissions Test) course is five sessions of two hours each. N.B. This can be customised to the student depending on the level of support required, but gives an indication of what preparation with a BMAT tutor can involve/ how it would be structured.

Frequency of sessions can be decided between student and tutor. Honing the skills necessary to succeed in the BMAT test can begin early in Year 12. When the student and mentor run out of past papers, they will work through similar questions curated by the tutor. We offer BMAT practice online or in-person in London.

Individual sessions from £70/h.

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BMAT Past Paper Compilations with Free Worked Solutions

Unsure how much to revise for BMAT? Looking for free explanations for Official BMAT Past Papers? Struggling to find BMAT Section 3 Essay Plans? Welcome to Study mind's BMAT Past Paper Bank with BMAT Past Paper Compilations for BMAT Sections 1 and 2 along with detailed explanations and worked solutions. We also have BMAT Section 3 Essay Plans - your golden BMAT resource.

BMAT S1 Past Papers

• | BMAT Past Paper 2020 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2019 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2018 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2017 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2016 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2015 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2014 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2013 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2012 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2011 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2010 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2009 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2008 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2007 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2006 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2005 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2004 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2003 Section 1 Question Paper Mark Scheme

BMAT S2 Past Papers

• | BMAT Past Paper 2020 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2019 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2018 Section 2BMAT Past Paper 2018 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2017 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2016 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2015 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2014 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2013 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2012 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2011 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2010 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2009 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2008 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2007 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2006 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2005 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2004 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2003 Section 2 Question Paper Mark Scheme

Biology BMAT Past Papers

• 12 | Inheritance and Genetics Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 11 | Homeostasis Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 4 | Digestion Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 6 | Respiration Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 5 | Cell Division Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 6 | Nervous System Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Natural Selection Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 5 | Genetic Engineering Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 2 | Cell Structure Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Heart and Circulation Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Kidneys Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Carbon Cycle Question Paper Mark Scheme

Physics BMAT Past Papers

• 11 | Waves Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 10 | Electricity Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Speed, Distance, Time Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | S.I. Units Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 9 | Energy and Work Done Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 6 | Forces Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 2 | Dentistry Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 2 | Electromagnetism Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 9 | Radioactivity Question Paper Mark Scheme

Chemistry BMAT Past Papers

• 4 | Atomic Structure Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Separation Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 14 | Calculations Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Electrolysis Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 5 | Structure and Bonding Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Equilibria Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 9 | Balancing Equations Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Reactions & Elements Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 4 | Rates Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 3 | Organic Question Paper Mark Scheme

Maths BMAT Past Papers

• 18 | Algebra Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Transformations Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 2 | Calculations Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 5 | Area & Length Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 4 | Trigonometry Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 6 | Probabilities Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Ratios Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 2 | Graphs and Gradients Question Paper Mark Scheme
• 1 | Means Question Paper Mark Scheme

Critical Thinking BMAT Past Papers

• | Assumptions Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Conclusions Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Flaws Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Inferences Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Strengthening Evidence Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Weakening Evidence Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Other Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Conclusions (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Conclusions 2 (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Assumptions (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Flaws (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Effect of Evidence (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Applying Principles (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | Matching Arguments (IMAT) Question Paper Mark Scheme

BMAT Section 3 Essay Plans

• | BMAT 2016 Q1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2016 Q2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2016 Q3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2017 Q1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2017 Q2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2017 Q3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2018 Q1 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2018 Q2 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT 2018 Q3 Question Paper Mark Scheme

BMAT S3 Past Papers

• | BMAT Past Paper 2019 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2018 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2017 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2016 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2015 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2014 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2013 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2012 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2011 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2010 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2009 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2008 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2007 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2006 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2005 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2004 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme
• | BMAT Past Paper 2003 Section 3 Question Paper Mark Scheme

FREE BMAT Textbook

• Free Guide on Acing the BMAT
• 50+ Practice Questions
• Learn effective techniques

→ What is BMAT?

BMAT stands for BioMedical Admissions Test. It is an aptitude test used for admission to undergraduate biomedical courses at certain universities in the United Kingdom.

→ What are BMAT past paper compilations?

BMAT past paper compilations are collections of previous years' BMAT papers that have been made available to students for practice and preparation. These papers provide an opportunity for candidates to familiarize themselves with the format and types of questions that they might encounter in the actual BMAT test.

→ Why are BMAT past paper compilations useful?

BMAT past paper compilations are useful because they provide candidates with an opportunity to practice and hone their skills before taking the actual test. By familiarizing themselves with the types of questions and format of the test, candidates can improve their performance and increase their chances of success.

→ What are free worked solutions?

Free worked solutions are explanations of the correct answers to questions that are provided with BMAT past paper compilations. These solutions help students understand the reasoning behind the correct answer and can aid in their understanding of the subject matter.

→ Are there any free BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions available?

Yes, there are several websites that offer free BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions. These resources are helpful for students who want to prepare for the BMAT test without incurring any additional costs.

→ How can I access free BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions?

You can access free BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions by searching online. There are several websites that offer these resources for free, including BMAT Ninja, The Medic Portal, and UniAdmissions.

→ How should I use BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions?

To make the most of BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions, you should start by taking a full-length practice test under test conditions. Once you have completed the test, you can use the worked solutions to check your answers and identify any areas where you may need to improve. You can then use this information to guide your study and preparation for the actual BMAT test.

→ Can using BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions guarantee success in the BMAT test?

While using BMAT past paper compilations with worked solutions can be helpful, it is important to remember that there is no guarantee of success in the BMAT test. Success in the test depends on a variety of factors, including your overall preparation, knowledge of the subject matter, and test-taking skills. However, using these resources can certainly increase your chances of success and help you feel more confident and prepared on test day.

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Quality feedback from BMAT Experts

Your BMAT Essay will be marked by one of our BMAT expert team, who have all scored in the top 10% of the UK. You will receive line by line feedback, a full mark scheme, an individual score, and specific comments and suggestions for improvement. All within 48 hours!

How we can help

Response in 48 hours.

Send us your BMAT essay with the accompanying title. You can specify whether it is an actual past BMAT title or a custom title, and also add in some notes for the marker.

Our BMAT experts will check your BMAT essay, section by section, and provide line-by-line comments. The feedback will focus on constructive tips and suggestions for improvement.

Your examiner will provide two scores - one for quality of content (on a scale of 0–5), and one for quality of written English (on the scale A-E).

Use the feedback in your future essays, and take on board the tips and suggestions from the markers- they know what they are talking about! Really want to succeed? Submit future essays to see how you are doing and watch that BMAT score improve!

Line-by-line feedback

Here at Medic Mind, we're extremely meticulous and our team of markers will review every line of your BMAT Essay and ensure it meets our high standards.

Complete with an analysis summary

As well as line-by-line feedback for your BMAT Essay, we'll give you overall feedback on your essay structure, word count, essay content and language. This is in addition to your BMAT Score (1-5 and A-E).

Write, revise and repeat

After reading our feedback, keep up with the practice and use the suggestions and tips to improve your BMAT Essays. You can submit future essays to see how you are improving, or contact one of our experts for more detailed feedback through a live tuition session.

1-1 sessions with BMAT Tutoring

You can book 1-1 tutoring sessions to further improve your technique for BMAT Section 1, 2 or 3. You can request to have the same essay marker if you wish to discuss your essay in more detail.

Let’s work through an example together...

Defining the statement.

Good start by defining the statement, but be careful not to presume that knowing nothing is “better”!

Good Analysis

Good consideration of other factors - e.g. how someone uses knowledge at an individual level determines whether little knowledge is useful.

Broaden Examples

You could link in a more diverse set of case studies.

Paragraph Structure

As you start the 'for' arguments, you should begin a new paragraph.

Good Use of an Example

Good practical example used here. You could also counter it - e.g. poor quality compressions could do more harm than good.

Narrow Interpretation

Be careful not to be too narrow in your interpretation – that a little learning is problematic when it makes one overconfident.

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The BioMedical Admissions Test is an aptitude test which is used in the selection for universities for Medicine, Biomedical Sciences and Dentistry in different countries.

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The Bedside Mobility Assessment Tool 2.0

Advancing patient mobility..

• Complications of immobility lead to patient harm including cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal deterioration.
• The Bedside Mobility Assessment Tool 2.0 (BMAT 2.0) addresses immobility using a simple functional assessment and selection of appropriate equipment to safely mobilize the patient.
• BMAT 2.0 aligns with the American Nurses Association (ANA) “Safe Patient Handling and Mobility: Interprofessional National Standards, Across the Continuum of Care,” Standard 6, focused on “initial and ongoing assessment or process to determine SPHM needs.”

Immobility compromises almost every system in the body. Studies show that adults who were ambulatory before hospital admission spend up to 83% of their time lying down while in the hospital, and more than a third of hospitalized adults 70 years and older are discharged with a major new disability that wasn’t present on admission.

Mobilizing patients safely and consistently is challenging. Accurately assessing mobility status allows healthcare providers to monitor improvements and deterioration and apply interventions to mobilize patients, even when deficits are present. The result can be progress toward physical independence; at a minimum, it maintains patients’ strength and decreases risks associated with bedrest.

The VIP treatment: A comprehensive post-fall assessment guideline

Preventing falls in hospitalized patients

This article introduces the Bedside Mobility Assessment Tool 2.0 (BMAT 2.0), revised from BMAT 1.0, which was created to identify patient mobility function deficits and guide the healthcare team in selecting equipment to safely handle and mobilize patients. BMAT 2.0 is most effective when documented in the electronic health record (EHR) and clearly communicated with all staff.

BMAT aligns with the American Nurses Association’s (ANA’s) Safe Patient Handling and Mobility: Interprofessional National Standards Across the Care Continuum by promoting mobilization techniques. The tool promotes healthcare worker safety and early and frequent mobilization, which improves patient safety.

BMAT origin

In 2003, Boynton (lead author of this article) saw the need for a mobility assessment tool and began searching for one nurses could use to determine patients’ current mobility status and would help standardize safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) equipment (especially patient lifts) use. Development included networking with nurses from different hospitals and piloting the tool to assess its feasibility and utility.

In 2012-2013, BMAT 1.0 was validated for content and construct, and for inter-rater reliability by a healthcare team at Banner Baywood Medical Center in Mesa, AZ. The tool was created in the Banner Health system EHR and linked to the fall risk assessment (Morse Fall Scale) on the Adult Mobility and Fall Risk Assessment screen and to the skin assessment (Braden Scale).

Nurses who completed an early BMAT 1.0 pilot study on a 60-bed medical telemetry unit found that the tool took the guesswork out of determining a patient’s mobility status and choosing SPHM equipment. Findings included decreased nurse injuries and patient falls. Nurses reported increased awareness of changes in patients’ status during a shift and improved confidence using SPHM lifts and getting patients out of bed more frequently because they no longer relied on physical and occupational therapists.

BMAT 1.0 has been implemented at many hospitals throughout the United States and internationally. Nursing implications include timely referrals to rehabilitation services; improved communication among nurses, aides, physical and occupational therapists, and ancillary services (radiologists, transporters) regarding SPHM practices and safe patient transfer methods; and better implementation of ANA SPHM Standard 6 (integrate patient-centered SPHM assessment, plan of care, and use of SPHM technology).

BMAT 2.0 incorporates new knowledge developed over 5 years of BMAT 1.0 use. It clarifies how to perform assessments and determine pass or fail; the nurse’s role in assessing, strengthening, and progressing patients; progression from Level 3 to Level 4; and the use of walkers, canes, crutches, and prosthetic legs and progressing patients who use these aids. BMAT 2.0 also addresses bilateral nonweight-bearing patients and bed rest orders and focuses on previous level of function (PLOF), discharge planning, and goals for ambulating patients who pass all four assessments.

BMAT 2.0, which takes about 2 minutes to complete, typically is performed by nurses on patient admission, once per shift, and with any significant change in a patient’s status. It empowers caregivers to ACT :

• A ssess for mobility level in “safe mode.”
• C oordinate strategies for strengthening.
• T arget the right piece of equipment to advance mobility.

The tool defines four levels of mobility. Each level has a physical task aimed at assessing a patient’s strength, coordination, balance, tolerance, and ability to follow directions. When patients can perform the task, they advance to the next level; if they can’t, they stay at the current level. If the patient is responsive, the assessment can be completed as part of routine physical and cognitive screenings. (Download the full BMAT 2.0 here .)

Level 1 assessment

Level 1 evaluates core strength, sitting tolerance, balance, and hemodynamic stability in response to sitting upright.

Sit and shake : Ask the patient to pivot from a semireclined position (head of bed ≥ 30 degrees) to the edge of the bed and maintain an unsupported seated balance for up to 1 minute (to allow fluid shifts and other compensatory changes to occur). Then ask the patient to reach across the midline with one hand and shake your hand; have the patient repeat with the other hand.

Assess : Can the patient maneuver to an upright seated position and maintain unsupported seated balance while reaching across the midline?

• Unsupported sitting engages core muscles and back extensors.
• Sitting upright assists with fluid shifts (with bedrest, about 1 L of fluid moves from the legs to the chest).
• Sitting upright aids ribcage expansion and breathing.

Patients who sit without getting tachycardic, diaphoretic, or light-headed, and can reach across and shake your hand can proceed to Level 2 assessment.

Note : Patients who are nonresponsive or have a strict bedrest order are automatically Level 1 and should be mobilized following progressive mobility protocols. A provider’s “strict bedrest” or “bedrest” order may require clarification if the order is inconsistent with nursing responsibility expectations. Patient mobilization is within the scope of nursing practice, and nurses are expected to evaluate patients’ needs and advance mobility to avoid immobility risks and complications.

Safe mode : Consider safe mode for patients who can’t perform Sit and Shake (for example, a patient with a large abdominal incision), for patients you’re not sure can independently maneuver to a seated position at the edge of bed and sit unsupported, and for patients who may slide off the bed. (See Safe mode .)

How do I mobilize and progress patients who can’t perform Sit and Shake?

Level 1 patients require appropriate SPHM equipment for tasks such as repositioning/boosting, turning, limb holding, and bed-to-chair transfers. Consider calf pump exercises to help progress these patients, prepare them for the Level 2 assessment, assist with circulation, and prevent contractures.

Level 2 assessment

Level 2 evaluates a patient’s ability to engage leg and foot muscles. It assesses leg strength and foot-drop contracture deformity and is a precursor to weight-bearing.

Stretch : While the patient is sitting upright and unsupported on the side of the bed or in a chair, instruct the patient to extend one leg, straighten the knee (knee remains below hip level), pump the ankle (dorsiflexion/plantar flexion) at least three times, and repeat with the other leg and ankle.

Assess : Can the patient straighten the knees and pump the ankles?

• This maneuver evaluates patient control and leg muscle (quadriceps and calf muscles) strength.
• Pumping the ankles engages the calf muscles, which assists with venous blood return (leg muscles, especially calf muscles when they contract, play an important role in compressing major leg veins and ensuring adequate blood return to the heart). When done before the patient stands, calf pump exercises can decrease the risk of orthostatic hypotension and falls.
• Achilles tendon shortening is one of the most common contractures that occurs with bedrest. Pumping the ankle assesses for this contracture and ability to move the ankles.
• Extensor muscles (for example, quadriceps, which have a primary postural role) are one of the first groups of muscles compromised by bedrest. These muscles are necessary for both standing and walking. Patients who can’t perform Stretch won’t be able to safely stand or walk. Assessing can prevent a possible fall.

Patients who sit without getting tachycardic, diaphoretic, or light-headed, and can extend their leg/straighten their knee and pump their ankle three times (one leg/ankle and then the other) can proceed to Level 3 assessment.

Safe mode : Consider performing Stretch with the bed in chair position or by supporting the patient in a walking/ambulation vest or pants and a lift at the edge of the bed.

How do I mobilize and progress patients who can’t perform Stretch?

Level 2 patients typically require the same type of SPHM equipment as Level 1 patients; however, because they have adequate seated balance, Level 2 patients can participate to a greater extent than Level 1 patients. When working to progress Level 2 patients, a powered sit-to-stand lift, which allows the patient to safely assume an upright position and bear weight through one or both legs, may be appropriate. Other leg-strengthening exercises can be incorporated into the patient’s care plan, along with increased calf pump exercise repetition.

Level 3 assessment

Level 3 evaluates the patient’s ability to stand, tolerate standing, and maintain standing balance, which are precursors to ambulation.

Stand : While the patient is sitting upright unsupported on the side of the bed or in a chair, with feet positioned about shoulder-width apart, instruct the patient to move from a seated position to standing upright. Patients should shift their weight forward while raising the buttocks from the surface and rising.

Assess : Can the patient shift forward, rise, and maintain standing balance for up to 1 minute?

• Stand evaluates the patient’s leg muscle control, dynamic balance, and strength to rise.
• Standing upright for up to 1 minute allows fluid to shift and other compensatory changes to occur. Most patients who exhibit orthostatic hypotension do so in the first minute of standing, which is the rationale for standing for up to 1 minute for this assessment.
• Guide patients who become light-headed or can’t tolerate standing to sit down.

Patients who can stand without becoming tachycardic, diaphoretic, or light-headed, and who have the cognitive ability to stand can proceed to Level 4 assessment.

Safe mode : To assess Stand in safe mode and progress the patient, consider using a sit-to-stand lift to determine how the patient tolerates moving from sitting to standing and weight-bearing.

• If the patient tolerates standing with the use of a sit-to-stand lift, consider repeating Level 3 assessment without the lift or consider further strengthening exercises and referral to physical therapy (PT).
• Consider use of the patient’s walker, cane, crutches, or prosthetic leg(s) consistent with best practice and safe use guidelines during the standing assessment.

How do I mobilize and progress patients who can’t perform Stand?

Level 3 patients may require the same type of SPHM equipment as Level 2 patients for tasks such as quick transfers from bed to toilet. Consistent with best practice guidelines, use the patient’s walker, cane, crutches, and prosthetic leg(s) to complete stand. If the patient passes Stand, continue to Level 4 Assessment using aides as needed.

Level 4 assessment

Level 4 evaluates the patient’s ability to step in two parts: march in place and advance step and return with one foot then the other. This is a precursor to ambulation.

Step : While the patient is standing at the side of the bed or by a chair, ask the patient to march in place using small steps (not lifting knees up high) for three repetitions. If the patient successfully completes marching in place, ask the patient to step forward with the right foot then return to the starting position; repeat with the left foot.

Assess : Can the patient shift weight from one foot to the other and maintain balance side-to-side and forward and back?

• Step assesses patient leg muscle control and dynamic balance.
• Step allows fluid to shift and other compensatory changes to occur.
• Guide patients who become light-headed or can’t tolerate the Step maneuvers to sit.
• Patients who can pass marching in place but can’t perform advance step and return with one or both feet should be guided to sit; request a PT consult. To avoid potential falls, keep the patient close to the bed or chair; patients shouldn’t independently leave the side of the bed or chair until they demonstrate the ability to back up.

Patients who can Step without becoming tachycardic, diaphoretic, or light-headed, and who have the cognitive ability to Step can proceed to activities to improve endurance and ambulation confidence.

Safe mode : To assess Step in safe mode and progress the patient, consider positioning the bed in chair position and use end-of-bed egress after fitting the patient with a walking vest or pants with a mobile lift. Another option is having the patient sit at the side of the bed and using a walking/ambulation vest or pants and ceiling lift. Using either technique, instruct the patient to complete Step.

How do I mobilize and progress patients who can’t perform Step?

Level 4 patients may require the same type of SPHM equipment (for example, a stand aid) as those used with Level 3 patients for tasks such as quick transfers from bed to toilet during the night. Following good practice guidelines, initially complete Step in safe mode using a walking/ambulation vest or pants and a lift; consistent with best practice, use the patient’s walker, cane, crutches, or prosthetic leg(s) to complete the maneuver.

Patients who perform and pass both portions of Step, with or without an aid, can progress through discharge planning.

How do I mobilize and progress patients who have passed all four assessment levels?

To meet discharge goals, patients who have passed all four assessment levels may still need to use a lift with a walking/ambulation vest or pants to increase endurance and distance walked and to reduce fall risk. In addition:

• Continue to address medical issues and stability as needed while improving or maintaining mobility; evaluate other medical conditions and treatment plans before discharge.
• Coordinate with PT and the care coordination team when considering discharge planning goals, destination, and equipment needs. (Remember, discharge planning begins on the day of admission.)
• Compare preadmission/prior status, including ability to perform activities of daily living, to discharge status; i.e., PLOF compared to post-acute functional status.
• Use a multidisciplinary approach to review rehabilitation goals and ensure they’ve been met.
• Continue to complete BMAT 2.0 assessments per protocol. With any change in the patient’s ability to complete an assessment level, adjust mobility level and goals as needed.

Vital indicator

Mobility is a vital indicator of patient deterioration or improvement. Proper assessment using BMAT 2.0 can help predict mobility changes early so they can be addressed. In addition, it encourages evaluating patients’ pre-admission status and setting functional mobility goals, as well as promoting discharge planning that begins on the day of admission.

Standardizing nursing practice, processes, and procedures for SPHM equipment use promotes caregiver safety, reduces nursing care variability, results in better patient outcomes, and aligns with ANA’s standards.

Teresa Boynton is a clinical consultant at Mobility Consulting and Presentations, LLC, based in Loveland, Colorado. Dee Kumpar is the clinical marketing manager for patient support systems at Hill-Rom. Catherine VanGilder is a senior manager of medical affairs for patient support systems at Hill-Rom.

American Nurses Association. Safe Patient Handling and Mobility: Interprofessional National Standards Across the Care Continuum . Silver Spring, MD: American Nurses Association; 2013.

Boynton T, Kelly L, Perez A, Miller M, An Y, Trudgen C. Banner Mobility Assessment Tool for Nurses: Instrument validation. Am J SPHM . 2014;4(3):86-92.

Boynton T, Kelly L, Perez A. Implementing a mobility assessment tool for nurses. Am Nurse Today . 2014;9(suppl):13-6. myamericannurse.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/ant9-Patient-Handling-Supplement-821a_Implementing.pdf

Devlin JW, Skrobik Y, Gélinas C, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of pain, agitation/sedation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disruption in adult patients in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(9):e825-73.

Dickinson S, Taylor S, Anton P. Integrating a standardized mobility program and safe patient handling. Crit Care Nurs Q . 2018;41(3):240-52.

Dregne R, Koehne K. House-wide safe patient handling program to mobilize patients early and often: One organization’s journey. Int J Nurs Crit Care. 2018;2(1). scientonline.org/open-access/house-wide-safe-patient-handling-program-to-mobilize-patients-early-and-often-one-organizations-journey.pdf

Fox MT, Sidani S, Brooks D, McCague H. Perceived acceptability and preferences for low-intensity early activity interventions of older hospitalized medical patients exposed to bed rest: A cross sectional study. BMC Geriatr . 2018;18(1):53.

Goodson CM, Friedman LA, Mantheiy E, et al. Perceived barriers to mobility in a medical ICU: The patient mobilization attitudes & beliefs survey for the ICU. [Epub ahead of print]. J Intensive Care Med. 2018:885066618807120.

Hester JM, Guin PR, Danek GD, et al. The economic and clinical impact of sustained use of a progressive mobility program in a neuro-ICU. Crit Care Med. 2017;45(6):1037-44.

Hoyer EH, Friedman M, Lavezza A, et al. Promoting mobility and reducing length of stay in hospitalized general medicine patients: A quality-improvement project . J Hosp Med. 2016;11(5):341-7.

Klein K, Mulkey M, Bena JF, Albert NM. Clinical and psychological effects of early mobilization in patients treated in a neurologic ICU: A comparative study. Crit Care Med. 2015;43(4):865-73.

Klein KE, Bena JF, Mulkey M, Albert NM . Sustainability of a nurse-driven early progressive mobility protocol and patient clinical and psychological health outcomes in a neurological intensive care unit. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2018;45:11-7.

Knight J, Nigam Y, Jones A. Effects of bedrest 1: Introduction and the cardiovascular system. Nursing Times. 2018;114(12):54-7. nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/cardiovascular-clinical-archive/effects-of-bedrest-1-introduction-and-the-cardiovascular-system-26-11-2018

Knight J, Nigam Y, Jones A. Effects of bedrest 5: The muscles, joints and mobility. Nursing Times. 2019;115(4):54-7. nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/orthopaedics/effects-of-bedrest-5-the-muscles-joints-and-mobility-18-03-2019/

Ljungqvist O, Scott M, Fearon KC. Enhanced recovery after surgery: A review. JAMA Surg . 2017;152(3):292-8.

Nelson AL. Evidence-based guidelines for patient assessment, care planning, and caregiving practices in safe patient handling and movement. In Safe Patient Handling and Movement: A Practical Guide for Health Care Professionals. New York City: Springer Publishing; 2006.

Pandullo SM, Spilman SK, Smith JA, et al. Time for critically ill patients to regain mobility after early mobilization in the intensive care unit and transition to a general inpatient floor. J Crit Care . 2015;30(6):1238-42.

Parry SM, Puthucheary ZA. The impact of extended bed rest on the musculoskeletal system in the critical care environment. Extrem Physiol Med. 2015;4:16. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4600281

Üstün TB, Chatterji S, Kostanjsek N, et al. Developing the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. World Health Organization . May 20, 2010. who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/11/09-067231/en

Wald HL, Ramaswamy R, Perskin MH, et al. The case for mobility assessment in hospitalized older adults: American Geriatrics Society white paper executive summary. J Am Geriatr Soc . 2019;67(1):11-6.

2 Comments . Leave new

Are there references available to shop for items for safe handling re: mobility for homebound clients and S.O.? I wanted to know more about assisted devices to assist with those who have significant bilateral lymphedema in lower extremities. With that said, I am interested in exploring benefits of devices similar to the ceiling lift mentioned in the article that might assist the client in sitting upright from a lying position in bed to sitting upright with more ease independently and from a sitting position at the side of the bed to standing before applying the use of a walker etc. Also, where can I find these machinery and assistive devices online? Thank you and best wishes to all for the upcoming new year.

Great article and so needed during COVID health care crisis.

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MCAT vs BMAT: What’s the Difference?

February 20, 2024

minute read

Medical schools often require applicants and pre-med students to take a standardized admission exam as one of their registration processes. 

However, not all medical schools or universities use the same standardized exams. It can often confuse students when they notice or hear about various exams, such as the MCAT, BMAT, GAMSAT, etc., among the choices of exams to take. 

In this article, we will focus on the MCAT and BMAT and how these two admission exams, widely used by med schools, differ. 

What is the MCAT?

The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) is an exam generally taken by those students who want to enter medical school and those universities that offer medical degree courses. 

The test’s primary purpose is to assess the knowledge of pre-medical students in  Chemistry ,  Physics ,  Biology ,  Psychology ,  and  Sociology . These basic sciences are usually encountered when taking any medical course. 

The MCAT is specially designed for these educational institutions as an admission exam to help them assess their applicant's knowledge and skills. It also allows them to know whether or not students have the required knowledge they have set to pursue such higher medical courses. 

The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) is the organization that manages and  administers the MCAT. It is a non-profit organization invested in developing medical education, medical research, health care, and more. 

The MCAT is 7 hours and 30 minutes long, with four test sections that emphasize the applicant's various skills, including critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and knowledge of various sciences and principles that are significant to the medical profession. 

It contains 230 multiple-test questions and is offered 35 times annually ;  it is usually scheduled between January and September.

The MCAT is a computerized exam that gives convenience to its test-takers. It is also recognized widely by distinguished medical schools and universities across the globe. Such as those institutions located in the United States, Canada, Australia, etc.

The four MCAT test sections are:

• Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems (BIO/BIOCHEM)
• Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems (CHEM/PHYS)
• Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior (PSYCH/SOC)
• Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS)

What is the BMAT?

The BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) is a 2-hour standardized examination that is fully recognized and used by universities and medical schools. 

This exam aims to help these educational institutions pick the best candidate for medical, biomedical, veterinary, and other health-related degree courses. 

The test was offered online during the pandemic to cater to students despite the current situation. The test will be given in a paper-based format and must be taken at their official testing centers. 

The Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing (CAAT) administers this exam and is also offered internationally with accessible testing centers. This exam is accepted in the following countries: Canada, Australia, China, the UK, UAE, the United States, Singapore, and more. 

You can take the exam once per year . However , they have two pre-scheduled test dates during the months of September or November.

The BMAT contains three test sections with 35 multiple-choice test questions with an essay writing task.

These test sections solely focus more on the skills and abilities of the applicant rather than content knowledge. 

The objective of the exam is to evaluate the test taker's thinking skills, including problem-solving abilities, critical thinking, data analysis, and mental math skills. 

The three BMAT test sections are:

• Thinking Skills  
• Scientific Knowledge and Applications
• Writing Task

MCAT vs. BMAT: What are the Similarities?

In general, the MCAT and BMAT share a few similarities. 

For instance, these two admission exams are generally part of the registration process for every medical schools and universities. 

These admission exams assess the knowledge, skills, and abilities that are relevant to taking up a medical degree.

Moreover, they both significantly help med schools select the best and most qualified applicants for them. 

Exam Format and Structure: MCAT vs. BMAT

The MCAT and BMAT differ entirely from each other; these exams have their distinct exam format, structure, length, frequency, and other exam features. 

For example, MCAT has 230 test questions with four test sections , while the BMAT only has 35 test questions with three test sections . 

The MCAT and BMAT both utilize multiple-choice type of questions in their respective test sections. However, the BMAT has an essay writing test which the MCAT does not have. 

In terms of exam duration, the MCAT is known to be a lengthy test that usually takes about 7 hours and more compared to the BMAT , which only takes about 2 hours.

Furthermore, these two exams are taken on computers. 

In the case of the BMAT, it was offered online and can be taken at home with an online proctor. The setup was like this during the pandemic and followed specific health protocols. 

For the BMAT 2022 , the exam will be offered in a paper-based test format , and test-takers need to take the exam in their official testing centers. 

For MCAT, it is still required and needed to be taken at their official testing centers, and taking the exam at home is not allowed. 

The table below compares  the MCAT and BMAT exam structure and format, including their test frequency.  

Scoring: MCAT vs. BMAT

The MCAT and BMAT uses different scoring systems. 

The MCAT has a score range assigned to its four test sections, which ranges from 118 to 132 points . 

Furthermore, the four test section scores will be summed up to get the MCAT overall score . It will be considered the final score for the MCAT, it usually ranges from 472 to 528 points.  

Using the MCAT percentile rank with your overall MCAT score, you will know the percentile ranking of your score compared to the overall scores of its previous test-takers. 

As for the BMAT –  the exam uses a score scale between 9.0 to 1.0 for the two test sections, while the essay test section is scored differently. 

Below is the BMAT Essay scoring scale , showing the different bands that describe its marking criteria for this test section. 

We have provided below the MCAT Percentile Rank from May 1, 2021, to April 30, 2022 . This table shows the overall scores with the respective percentile ranking of its test-takers in this given period. 

Test Requirements: MCAT vs. BMAT

The registration process for the BMAT is not similar with MCAT, where you only need to process everything online. 

The registration for the MCAT is accomplished online through their official website . 

In the case of the BMAT, you need to check first with the medical school or university you want to get into if they are eligible to administer the exam. 

If they are not qualified to administer the BMAT, you have another option which is to find their official testing centers around your area. 

However, if the university or medical school is qualified to administer the BMAT, you need to go to their exam officer and process your BMAT registration. 

In addition, for those registering from the UK, you are required to present your UCAS number , a 9 to 10-digit number given during the application for the BMAT. 

The comprehensive table below shows the differences between the MCAT and BMAT with their respective test requirements.  

Test Costs: MCAT vs. BMAT

These admission exams for medical schools vary in their exam fees and also with their other additional charges like fees for late registration and others. 

If you intend to take the MCAT, you need to pay around USD 325 for the exam fee. The MCAT has a late registration fee of USD 55. 

The BMAT costs around £75 for those registrations made from the UK and those in Europe, the exam costs €88. On the contrary, the exam fee for those outside Europe and the UK is around £100 or USD 137. 

The BMAT does not accept late registrations for the test after the given registration schedule, thus you do not have to pay any extra charges. 

The BMAT exam fees vary per exam schedule or sitting depending on Cambridge Assessment , which administers the exam. They have the exclusive right to make some changes when it comes to the BMAT cost. 

Below is a comprehensive table showing the cost differences and payment options of the MCAT and the BMAT.

Test Recognition: MCAT vs. BMAT

There are many testing centers available worldwide for the MCAT and the BMAT. Also, these two admission exams are recognized and highly trusted by various institutions, universities, and medical schools worldwide. 

The MCAT is highly in-demand by institutions in the following countries : the United States, Canada, Europe, Singapore, Australia, and the Caribbean Islands. 

The BMAT is also recognized and required in some countries, including Australia, Canada, China, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Thailand, UAE, USA, and the United Kingdom. 

These two exams are mandatory for those international students who intend to enter medical school in these countries. 

• Brighton and Sussex Medical School
• Imperial College London
• Lancaster University
• University College London
• University of Cambridge
• University of Manchester Medical School
• University of Leeds
• University of Oxford
• Keele University

Below are some universities and medical schools in Europe that accept the BMAT:

• Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Netherlands
• the University of Twente, Netherlands
• Universidad de Navarra, Spain
• University of Pecs, Hungary
• the University of Rijeka, Croatia
• University of Zagreb, Croatia
• Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
• Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
• Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
• the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
• Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Romania
• Universita Campus Bio-Medico di Roma (UCBM), Italy
• Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
• Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine
• the University of Tartu, Estonia
• Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia

Below are some universities and medical schools in Asia that accept the BMAT:

• Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore
• Chiang Mai University, Thailand
• Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Thailand
• Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
• Khon Kaen University (Institute of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences), Thailand
• King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand
• Mahidol University, Thailand
• Nazarbayev University School of Medicine
• Rangsit University
• Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand
• Suranaree University of Technology (Dentistry, Institute of Medicine), Thailand
• Thammasat University: CICM and Dentistry, Thailand
• University of Malaya, Malaysia

Below are some medical schools in Australia that require the MCAT:

• Griffith Medical School
• Melbourne Medical School
• UQ Medical School
• Sydney Medical School

Below are some medical schools in Canada that require the MCAT :

• McMaster University Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine
• Queen’s University School of Medicine
• University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
• University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine
• University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine
• University of Manitoba Max Rady College of Medicine
• University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine

Below are some medical schools in the USA that require the MCAT :

• Harvard Medical School
• Yale School of Medicine
• Boston University School of Medicine
• Stanford University School of Medicine
• Georgetown University School of Medicine
• Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
• Howard University College of Medicine
• University of South Alabama College of Medicine
• New York Medical College
• Duke University School of Medicine
• Michigan State University College of Human Medicine
• Saint Louis University School of Medicine
• Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine
• California Northstate University College of Medicine
• George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences

Average MCAT Score & GPA for Top 100 Medical Schools

MCAT Scores for Top Medical Schools & Universities in Canada

Which is Easier: MCAT vs. BMAT

Both of these exams are difficult bearing in mind that they are used as admission exams for prominent universities and medical schools. They significantly differ with regard to their respective difficulty level.

The MCAT is popularly known to be a very tough test for any medical school . The test questions are based on the different sciences , and it also requires technical knowledge and certain skills, making it extra difficult. 

While the BMAT is also recognized as a difficult exam by its test-takers. It focuses primarily on the application of scientific-based knowledge and skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and more. 

These two admission exams focus on and assess different knowledge and skills of their test-takers. However, the MCAT’s duration added more challenge to the test, making it more complex than the BMAT.

Should You Take the MCAT vs. the BMAT?

Getting into medical school is not as easy as it seems to be. There will be a lot of standardized exams that you need to take, and it depends on where you are going to enroll. 

Some universities and medical schools require specific admission exams for their applicants, among them are the MCAT and the BMAT. 

If you are planning to take up a medical degree , it is best to consider first the university or medical school you plan to get into and check in with them about what admission exam they require. 

For example, universities and medical schools in the UK, including prominent institutions such as Cambridge, Oxford, University College of London, and others, highly prefer the BMAT. 

While the MCAT is commonly accepted and used by medical schools and universities in the USA, Canada, Australia, and other parts of the world. 

That is why it is important to know first what specific exam or admission test you need to take for you to avoid inconvenience. Also, you can prepare adequately for the test, either, the MCAT or BMAT.

Summary Table of Differences: MCAT vs. BMAT

Below is the table of differences between the MCAT and BMAT.

Additional FAQs – MCAT vs. BMAT

Are the bmat and the mcat the same, which is harder: the bmat or the mcat, additional reading:.

• GRE vs MCAT
• MCAT vs DAT
• MCAT vs USMLE
• MCAT vs SAT
• MCAT vs LSAT
• MCAT vs PCAT
• MCAT vs OAT
• MCAT vs UCAT
• MCAT vs GAMSAT
• MCAT vs NCLEX
• MCAT vs STEP 1
• MCAT vs BMAT
• MCAT vs CPA Exam
• MCAT vs IMAT
• MCAT vs NEET

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How Long Should a College Essay Be

Writing a college essay is a big deal for students, giving them a chance to share their unique stories and ambitions with admissions officers. But here's the thing: figuring out how long it should be can be tricky. 

In this article, we're going to tackle the question of a perfect essay length head-on. We'll break down what influences the ideal length for your essay and give you some tips on finding that sweet spot between saying enough and not saying too much.

Why Following a College Essay Word Limit Is Important

Sticking to the college essay length matters for a few important reasons. Firstly, it shows that you can follow instructions, which is a skill you'll need in college and beyond. Admissions officers have lots of essays to read, so keeping within the limit respects their time and attention. 

Plus, it helps level the playing field for all applicants, giving everyone a fair chance to make their case without overwhelming reviewers with too much information. And on your end, it forces you to be concise and clear, focusing on what really matters in your story. If the word limit of your essay is too large, simply say, ‘ do my essay for me ,’ and our experts will help you fit into any word limit.

Why Essay Length Varies in Different Assignments

The issue of how long is an essay can change depending on the assignment for a few reasons. First off, it's about who's reading it and why. A formal academic essay might need more detail and research, so it could end up longer. But it might be shorter and more casual if you're just sharing your thoughts with a friend. 

Then there's the topic itself – some things need more explanation. Plus, your teacher's guidelines, like how many words or pages to aim for, can also affect how long your essay turns out. It's about fitting the essay to the task at hand and making sure you cover everything you need to without going overboard.

Struggling to Fit into the Word Count?

Let an expert writer help you add more meaningful content to your essay.

Wondering about the ideal length for your college essay? You're not alone. Figuring out how much to write can be a head-scratcher for many students. But fear not! In this guide, we'll show you how to strike the right balance between text length and informational richness.

High School Essay

The length of a high school essay can vary depending on the assignment and teacher's instructions. Generally, essays in high school classes range from around 500 to 1000 words, though some assignments may require shorter or longer compositions. The length often reflects the depth of analysis and detail expected by the teacher, as well as the complexity of the topic. 

Shorter essays might focus on summarizing information or making a concise argument, while longer essays allow for more in-depth exploration and analysis. Regardless of length, students should prioritize clarity, coherence, and relevance to effectively convey their ideas and meet the requirements of the assignment.

College Admission Essay

College admission essay length typically ranges from 250 to 650 words, with many colleges setting specific word limits. Admissions officers receive thousands of applications, so brevity is key. A well-crafted essay should be concise yet impactful, showcasing the applicant's personality, experiences, and aspirations within the given word count. 

Adhering to the word limit demonstrates the applicant's ability to follow instructions and communicate effectively, while exceeding it may signal a lack of respect for guidelines or an inability to convey ideas succinctly. 

Undergraduate College Essay

Undergraduate college essay length typically ranges from 400 to 650 words, although some institutions may specify shorter or longer limits. The essay aims to provide admissions officers with insight into the applicant's character, values, and potential contributions to the campus community. 

While brevity is important, the essay should be substantive enough to convey meaningful information about the applicant's experiences and aspirations.

Graduate School Admission Essay

Graduate school admission essay length varies, typically ranging from 500 to 1000 words, although specific requirements may differ by program. These essays allow applicants to articulate their academic and professional goals, research interests, and reasons for pursuing graduate studies. 

Admissions committees seek concise yet comprehensive essays demonstrating the applicant's readiness for advanced academic work and alignment with the program's values and objectives. 

Graduate School Essay

Graduate school essay length typically ranges from 500 to 1000 words, although requirements can vary between programs. These essays serve as a crucial component of the application process, allowing applicants to convey their academic background, research interests, career goals, and suitability for the program. 

Admissions committees value conciseness and coherence, so applicants should prioritize quality over quantity when crafting their essays. Ultimately, the essay should offer a compelling narrative that highlights the applicant's strengths, experiences, and motivations for pursuing graduate studies.

Recommended Length of Each Part of the Essay

While the recommended college essay length of each its part can vary depending on the specific requirements of the assignment or application, here's a general guideline:

• Introduction

The introduction typically comprises 10-15% of the total essay length. It should provide background information on the topic, establish the context, and present the thesis statement or main argument.

• Body Paragraphs

Each body paragraph should be roughly the same length and account for approximately 60-70% of the total essay length. Aim for around 150-200 words per paragraph. Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea or point and provide supporting evidence or examples to strengthen the argument.

The conclusion should be similar in length to the introduction, comprising around 10-15% of the total essay length. It should summarize the main points discussed in the essay, restate the thesis or main argument, and provide a sense of closure or resolution.

Remember that these are general recommendations, and the actual length of each part may vary based on the specific requirements of your assignment or application. 

It's essential to review any guidelines provided and adjust your essay accordingly to meet the expectations of your audience. Use a specialized college essay writing help from experts who always hit the mark when it comes to the length of assignments.

How Long Should an Introduction Be

An introduction should typically span between 50 to 100 words, offering enough context to engage the reader while succinctly presenting the main argument or thesis. It serves as a roadmap for the essay, providing an overview of what to expect without delving into excessive detail.

How Long Is a Body Paragraph

A body paragraph is typically around 100 to 200 words in length, although this can vary depending on the complexity of the topic and the depth of analysis required. Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea or point, supported by evidence or examples, and contribute to the overall argument or thesis of the essay.

How Long Should a Conclusion Paragraph Be

Knowing how long should a college essay be – from 400 to 600 words – a conclusion paragraph should mirror the length of the introduction, comprising between 50 to 100 words of the total essay length. It should summarize the main points discussed in the essay, restate the thesis or main argument, and provide a sense of closure or resolution to the reader.

How to Check Word Count

To check the word count of an essay, you can use various methods depending on the software or platform you're using:

How to Make an Essay Longer

To make an essay longer, consider these strategies:

• Expand Ideas: Add more detail and examples to elaborate on your points.
• Provide Supporting Details: Include additional evidence or references to strengthen your arguments.
• Address Counterarguments: Discuss opposing viewpoints and explain why they're invalid.
• Use More Sources: Incorporate more research to support your claims.
• Use Transitions: Improve the flow between paragraphs with transitional phrases.
• Rephrase and Expand: Clarify and expand on your ideas by revising your sentences.
• Consider Different Angles: Explore the topic from various perspectives.
• Revise Carefully: Edit your essay to ensure added content enhances its quality.

How to Shorten an Essay

To shorten an essay length while maintaining its essence, follow these strategies:

• Remove Redundancy: Cut out repetitive phrases or sentences.
• Combine Similar Ideas: Condense related points to streamline your message.
• Simplify Language: Use clear, concise language to convey your ideas.
• Delete Unnecessary Details: Eliminate irrelevant examples or explanations.
• Focus on Essentials: Keep only the most relevant information.
• Check for Wordiness: Remove filler words and phrases.

When working on your compositions, remember about the impact of remote learning on students and your productiveness.

How to Format a College Essay Based on the Required Length

Let’s explore strategies to tailor your essay's structure and content to fit within specified word limits. By understanding how to adjust your writing style and organization, you'll be better equipped to craft a compelling essay that adheres to length requirements without sacrificing quality or clarity.

Spacing is crucial for how long is an essay looking, its readability and adherence to length requirements. Opting for double-spacing ensures adequate room for markers to review your content and allows for easy reading. Additionally, double-spacing aids in maintaining a clean, organized appearance, enhancing the overall presentation of your essay.

• If the instruction is to double-space the paper, consider using a spacing of 2.1 or 2.2 instead. 
• You can extend the margin size by a quarter, such as increasing the right and bottom margins from 1 inch to 1.25 inches, to make subtle adjustments in length without significantly impacting the overall appearance.
• Another strategy is to increase the spacing between characters, although it should be done cautiously to avoid excessive alterations. 
• Aim to keep the spacing between 1.2 and 1.5 to maintain readability and visual consistency throughout the document.

Font and Size

Font selection and size can be key to adjusting the college essay length. Opt for a standard, easily readable font such as Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri to ensure clarity and consistency. Aim for a font size of 12 points, which is the standard for most academic writing and provides optimal legibility without sacrificing space or readability.

• If your instructor hasn't specified a font, consider using larger options such as Arial, Bangla Sangam MN, Cambria, or Quicksand. 
• Exercise caution and try not to exceed an increase of 0.1-0.5 points to avoid noticeable alterations. 
• Another technique is to increase the size of punctuation marks, such as periods and commas, by a couple of points compared to the main text size, or italicizing them, which can subtly add to the overall length of your essay.

Following the specified length for your college essay is super important because it shows that you can stick to the rules and pay attention to instructions, which is a skill colleges value. Plus, sticking to the word count helps you be concise and get your point across clearly without rambling or overwhelming the reader.

If you’re struggling to fit into the required word limit, buy a college essay that will be written by a seasoned professional who knows exactly how to meet academic standards.

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How Many Pages Are in an Essay

How long is an essay paragraph.

Daniel Parker

is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

• How long should my essay be? – BigFuture | College Board . (n.d.). https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/help-center/how-long-should-my-essay-be  
• 12 Strategies to Writing the Perfect College Essay - Harvard Summer School . (2022, August 9). Harvard Summer School. https://summer.harvard.edu/blog/12-strategies-to-writing-the-perfect-college-essay/
• How Long Should a College Essay Be? | Honor Society - Official Honor Society® Website . (n.d.). https://www.honorsociety.org/articles/how-long-should-college-essay-be

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