Essay on New Education Policy 2020

500+ words essay on new education policy 2020.

Education is a fundamental need and right of everyone now. In order to achieve our goals and help develop a just society, we need education. Similarly, education plays a great role in the national development of a nation. As we are facing a major change in terms of knowledge globally, the Government of India approved the National Education Policy 2020. This essay on new education policy 2020 will help you learn how this new policy has replaced the National Education Policy 1986 that is 34 years old.

essay on new education policy 2020

Aim of the New Education Policy 2020

This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

This essay on new education policy 2020 will highlight the changes brought in by this new policy. Firstly, the policy proposes to open Indian higher education in foreign universities.

It aims to introduce a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate program with various exit options. Thus, this new policy will strive to make the country of India a global knowledge superpower.

Similarly, it also aims to make all universities and colleges multi-disciplinary by the year 2040. Finally, the policy aims to grow employment in India and also bring fundamental changes to the present educational system.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Advantages and Disadvantages of New Education Policy 2020

The policy gives an advantage to students of classes 10 and 12 by making the board exams easier. In other words, it plans to test the core competencies instead of mere memorization of facts.

It will allow all the students to take the exam twice. Further, it proposes that an independent authority will be responsible for regulating both public and private schools . Similarly, the policy aims to diminish any severe separation between the educational streams and vocational streams in the schools.

There will also be no rigid division between extra-curriculum. Vocational education will begin at class sixth with an internship. Now, the essay on new education policy 2020 will tell you about the disadvantages of the policy.

Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

If we look at the present elementary education, we notice that there is a lack of skilled teachers. Thus, keeping this in mind, the National Education Policy 2020 can give rise to practical problems in implementing the system that is for elementary education.

Finally, there is also the drawback of the exodus of teachers. In other words, admission to foreign universities will ultimately result in our skilled teachers migrating to those universities.

To conclude the essay on New Education Policy 2020, we can say that this policy is an essential initiative to help in the all-around development of our society and country as a whole. However, the implementation of this policy will greatly determine its success. Nonetheless, with a youth dominant population, India can truly achieve a better state with the proper implementation of this education policy.

FAQ of Essay on New Education Policy 2020

Question 1: What does the New Education Policy 2020 aim to achieve by 2030?

Answer 1: This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

Question 2: Give two challenges the New Education Policy 2020 may face?

Answer 2: Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

Customize your course in 30 seconds

Which class are you in.

tutor

  • Travelling Essay
  • Picnic Essay
  • Our Country Essay
  • My Parents Essay
  • Essay on Favourite Personality
  • Essay on Memorable Day of My Life
  • Essay on Knowledge is Power
  • Essay on Gurpurab
  • Essay on My Favourite Season
  • Essay on Types of Sports

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Download the App

Google Play

  • CBSE Class 10th
  • CBSE Class 12th
  • UP Board 10th
  • UP Board 12th
  • Bihar Board 10th
  • Bihar Board 12th
  • Top Schools in India
  • Top Schools in Delhi
  • Top Schools in Mumbai
  • Top Schools in Chennai
  • Top Schools in Hyderabad
  • Top Schools in Kolkata
  • Top Schools in Pune
  • Top Schools in Bangalore

Products & Resources

  • JEE Main Knockout April
  • Free Sample Papers
  • Free Ebooks
  • NCERT Notes
  • NCERT Syllabus
  • NCERT Books
  • RD Sharma Solutions
  • Navodaya Vidyalaya Admission 2024-25
  • NCERT Solutions
  • NCERT Solutions for Class 12
  • NCERT Solutions for Class 11
  • NCERT solutions for Class 10
  • NCERT solutions for Class 9
  • NCERT solutions for Class 8
  • NCERT Solutions for Class 7
  • JEE Main 2024
  • JEE Advanced 2024
  • BITSAT 2024
  • View All Engineering Exams
  • Colleges Accepting B.Tech Applications
  • Top Engineering Colleges in India
  • Engineering Colleges in India
  • Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu
  • Engineering Colleges Accepting JEE Main
  • Top IITs in India
  • Top NITs in India
  • Top IIITs in India
  • JEE Main College Predictor
  • JEE Main Rank Predictor
  • MHT CET College Predictor
  • AP EAMCET College Predictor
  • GATE College Predictor
  • KCET College Predictor
  • JEE Advanced College Predictor
  • View All College Predictors
  • JEE Main Question Paper
  • JEE Main Mock Test
  • JEE Main Registration
  • JEE Main Syllabus
  • Download E-Books and Sample Papers
  • Compare Colleges
  • B.Tech College Applications
  • GATE 2024 Result
  • MAH MBA CET Exam
  • View All Management Exams

Colleges & Courses

  • MBA College Admissions
  • MBA Colleges in India
  • Top IIMs Colleges in India
  • Top Online MBA Colleges in India
  • MBA Colleges Accepting XAT Score
  • BBA Colleges in India
  • XAT College Predictor 2024
  • SNAP College Predictor
  • NMAT College Predictor
  • MAT College Predictor 2024
  • CMAT College Predictor 2024
  • CAT Percentile Predictor 2023
  • CAT 2023 College Predictor
  • CMAT 2024 Registration
  • TS ICET 2024 Registration
  • CMAT Exam Date 2024
  • MAH MBA CET Cutoff 2024
  • Download Helpful Ebooks
  • List of Popular Branches
  • QnA - Get answers to your doubts
  • IIM Fees Structure
  • AIIMS Nursing
  • Top Medical Colleges in India
  • Top Medical Colleges in India accepting NEET Score
  • Medical Colleges accepting NEET
  • List of Medical Colleges in India
  • List of AIIMS Colleges In India
  • Medical Colleges in Maharashtra
  • Medical Colleges in India Accepting NEET PG
  • NEET College Predictor
  • NEET PG College Predictor
  • NEET MDS College Predictor
  • DNB CET College Predictor
  • DNB PDCET College Predictor
  • NEET Application Form 2024
  • NEET PG Application Form 2024
  • NEET Cut off
  • NEET Online Preparation
  • Download Helpful E-books
  • LSAT India 2024
  • Colleges Accepting Admissions
  • Top Law Colleges in India
  • Law College Accepting CLAT Score
  • List of Law Colleges in India
  • Top Law Colleges in Delhi
  • Top Law Collages in Indore
  • Top Law Colleges in Chandigarh
  • Top Law Collages in Lucknow

Predictors & E-Books

  • CLAT College Predictor
  • MHCET Law ( 5 Year L.L.B) College Predictor
  • AILET College Predictor
  • Sample Papers
  • Compare Law Collages
  • Careers360 Youtube Channel
  • CLAT Syllabus 2025
  • CLAT Previous Year Question Paper
  • AIBE 18 Result 2023
  • NID DAT Exam
  • Pearl Academy Exam

Animation Courses

  • Animation Courses in India
  • Animation Courses in Bangalore
  • Animation Courses in Mumbai
  • Animation Courses in Pune
  • Animation Courses in Chennai
  • Animation Courses in Hyderabad
  • Design Colleges in India
  • Fashion Design Colleges in Bangalore
  • Fashion Design Colleges in Mumbai
  • Fashion Design Colleges in Pune
  • Fashion Design Colleges in Delhi
  • Fashion Design Colleges in Hyderabad
  • Fashion Design Colleges in India
  • Top Design Colleges in India
  • Free Design E-books
  • List of Branches
  • Careers360 Youtube channel
  • NIFT College Predictor
  • UCEED College Predictor
  • NID DAT College Predictor
  • IPU CET BJMC
  • JMI Mass Communication Entrance Exam
  • IIMC Entrance Exam
  • Media & Journalism colleges in Delhi
  • Media & Journalism colleges in Bangalore
  • Media & Journalism colleges in Mumbai
  • List of Media & Journalism Colleges in India
  • CA Intermediate
  • CA Foundation
  • CS Executive
  • CS Professional
  • Difference between CA and CS
  • Difference between CA and CMA
  • CA Full form
  • CMA Full form
  • CS Full form
  • CA Salary In India

Top Courses & Careers

  • Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com)
  • Master of Commerce (M.Com)
  • Company Secretary
  • Cost Accountant
  • Charted Accountant
  • Credit Manager
  • Financial Advisor
  • Top Commerce Colleges in India
  • Top Government Commerce Colleges in India
  • Top Private Commerce Colleges in India
  • Top M.Com Colleges in Mumbai
  • Top B.Com Colleges in India
  • IT Colleges in Tamil Nadu
  • IT Colleges in Uttar Pradesh
  • MCA Colleges in India
  • BCA Colleges in India

Quick Links

  • Information Technology Courses
  • Programming Courses
  • Web Development Courses
  • Data Analytics Courses
  • Big Data Analytics Courses
  • RUHS Pharmacy Admission Test
  • Top Pharmacy Colleges in India
  • Pharmacy Colleges in Pune
  • Pharmacy Colleges in Mumbai
  • Colleges Accepting GPAT Score
  • Pharmacy Colleges in Lucknow
  • List of Pharmacy Colleges in Nagpur
  • GPAT Result
  • GPAT 2024 Admit Card
  • GPAT Question Papers
  • NCHMCT JEE 2024
  • Mah BHMCT CET
  • Top Hotel Management Colleges in Delhi
  • Top Hotel Management Colleges in Hyderabad
  • Top Hotel Management Colleges in Mumbai
  • Top Hotel Management Colleges in Tamil Nadu
  • Top Hotel Management Colleges in Maharashtra
  • B.Sc Hotel Management
  • Hotel Management
  • Diploma in Hotel Management and Catering Technology

Diploma Colleges

  • Top Diploma Colleges in Maharashtra
  • UPSC IAS 2024
  • SSC CGL 2024
  • IBPS RRB 2024
  • Previous Year Sample Papers
  • Free Competition E-books
  • Sarkari Result
  • QnA- Get your doubts answered
  • UPSC Previous Year Sample Papers
  • CTET Previous Year Sample Papers
  • SBI Clerk Previous Year Sample Papers
  • NDA Previous Year Sample Papers

Upcoming Events

  • NDA Application Form 2024
  • UPSC IAS Application Form 2024
  • CDS Application Form 2024
  • CTET Admit card 2024
  • HP TET Result 2023
  • SSC GD Constable Admit Card 2024
  • UPTET Notification 2024
  • SBI Clerk Result 2024

Other Exams

  • SSC CHSL 2024
  • UP PCS 2024
  • UGC NET 2024
  • RRB NTPC 2024
  • IBPS PO 2024
  • IBPS Clerk 2024
  • IBPS SO 2024
  • Top University in USA
  • Top University in Canada
  • Top University in Ireland
  • Top Universities in UK
  • Top Universities in Australia
  • Best MBA Colleges in Abroad
  • Business Management Studies Colleges

Top Countries

  • Study in USA
  • Study in UK
  • Study in Canada
  • Study in Australia
  • Study in Ireland
  • Study in Germany
  • Study in China
  • Study in Europe

Student Visas

  • Student Visa Canada
  • Student Visa UK
  • Student Visa USA
  • Student Visa Australia
  • Student Visa Germany
  • Student Visa New Zealand
  • Student Visa Ireland
  • CUET PG 2024
  • IGNOU B.Ed Admission 2024
  • DU Admission
  • UP B.Ed JEE 2024
  • DDU Entrance Exam
  • IIT JAM 2024
  • IGNOU Online Admission 2024
  • Universities in India
  • Top Universities in India 2024
  • Top Colleges in India
  • Top Universities in Uttar Pradesh 2024
  • Top Universities in Bihar
  • Top Universities in Madhya Pradesh 2024
  • Top Universities in Tamil Nadu 2024
  • Central Universities in India
  • CUET PG Admit Card 2024
  • IGNOU Date Sheet
  • CUET Mock Test 2024
  • CUET Application Form 2024
  • CUET PG Syllabus 2024
  • CUET Participating Universities 2024
  • CUET Previous Year Question Paper
  • CUET Syllabus 2024 for Science Students
  • E-Books and Sample Papers
  • CUET Exam Pattern 2024
  • CUET Exam Date 2024
  • CUET Syllabus 2024
  • IGNOU Exam Form 2024
  • IGNOU Result
  • CUET PG Courses 2024

Engineering Preparation

  • Knockout JEE Main 2024
  • Test Series JEE Main 2024
  • JEE Main 2024 Rank Booster

Medical Preparation

  • Knockout NEET 2024
  • Test Series NEET 2024
  • Rank Booster NEET 2024

Online Courses

  • JEE Main One Month Course
  • NEET One Month Course
  • IBSAT Free Mock Tests
  • IIT JEE Foundation Course
  • Knockout BITSAT 2024
  • Career Guidance Tool

Top Streams

  • IT & Software Certification Courses
  • Engineering and Architecture Certification Courses
  • Programming And Development Certification Courses
  • Business and Management Certification Courses
  • Marketing Certification Courses
  • Health and Fitness Certification Courses
  • Design Certification Courses

Specializations

  • Digital Marketing Certification Courses
  • Cyber Security Certification Courses
  • Artificial Intelligence Certification Courses
  • Business Analytics Certification Courses
  • Data Science Certification Courses
  • Cloud Computing Certification Courses
  • Machine Learning Certification Courses
  • View All Certification Courses
  • UG Degree Courses
  • PG Degree Courses
  • Short Term Courses
  • Free Courses
  • Online Degrees and Diplomas
  • Compare Courses

Top Providers

  • Coursera Courses
  • Udemy Courses
  • Edx Courses
  • Swayam Courses
  • upGrad Courses
  • Simplilearn Courses
  • Great Learning Courses

Access premium articles, webinars, resources to make the best decisions for career, course, exams, scholarships, study abroad and much more with

Plan, Prepare & Make the Best Career Choices

  • Essay on New Education Policy (NEP)

Education helps us discover and accomplish our aims and make a fair contribution to the society. In a similar vein, education contributes significantly to a country's national growth. The National Education Policy 2020 was authorised by the Government of India since there is a significant change taking place in the world. Here are some sample essays on New Education Policy 2023.

100 Words Essay on New Education Policy

200 words essay on new education policy, 500 words essay on new education policy 2023.

Essay on New Education Policy (NEP)

The goal of the New Education Policy is to make education available to everyone from preschool through high school. With a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in academics, it intends to achieve that. It is intended to be accomplished by 2030. A four-year, interdisciplinary undergraduate curriculum with a range of exit choices is what it intends to introduce. As a result, this new strategy aims to transform India into a superpower in the field of knowledge.

In similar terms, it seeks to make all colleges and universities multidisciplinary by the year 2040. The initiative also intends to fundamentally alter the current educational system while increasing the availability of jobs in India.

The New National Education Policy has had a really revolutionary impact on the Indian educational system. After 34 years of our education policy following the same standards without change, the Ministry of Education (formerly known as MHRD) made some significant changes to it on July 29, 2020. The Indian government just adopted this New National Education Policy for 2023.

How It Will Affect Learning Outcomes

It's no secret that the new education policy is going to affect students in a big way. But what exactly does that mean for them?

Well, for one, the new policy is going to impact learning outcomes. Students will no longer be able to coast through school by memorising facts and figures. Instead, they'll be required to apply what they learn in a hands-on way, in order to demonstrate their understanding of the material. This is a big change, and it'll take some time for students and educators to adjust. But in the long run, it's going to result in better-educated students who are prepared for the challenges of the real world.

The new education policy also includes a number of changes that will impact educators directly. For example, the policy stipulates that all educators must have a bachelor's degree in order to teach in public schools. Additionally, educators will be required to complete professional development courses on a regular basis.

When the new education policy is implemented, there will be some big changes for the teaching community.

Change for Teachers and Educators

First and foremost, the policy shifts the focus from teacher-centred instruction to student-centred instruction. This means that the teacher's role will change from delivering information to facilitating learning.

In order to facilitate learning, teachers will need to develop new skills. They will need to be able to create a safe and welcoming environment where all students feel comfortable participating, and they will need to be able to adapt their lessons to meet the needs of each individual student.

Benefits for Students Under New National Education Policy 2023

The new education policy is, in essence, a shift from memorization to learning. The main focus of the policy is to provide a holistic education that focuses on the development of the student's mind and body. Here are some of the ways this could benefit students:

More opportunity for students to pursue their interests outside of school - whether that be an extracurricular activity such as art or music, or receiving extra tutoring to help them excel in academics. A wider range of learning options that can provide students with tailored instruction and help them develop their individual skills.

More emphasis placed on experiential learning, where students are encouraged to apply what they've learned in school through projects and real-world activities. Increased access to technology including an increased use of digital classrooms and online resources such as eBooks, which can make studying more efficient and convenient.

These changes will make the education system more dynamic and create an environment where students can better prepare themselves for their future endeavours.

What Parents Need to Know About the New Education Policy

The new education policy is going to bring about a lot of change, and it's important for parents to be aware of how it will affect their children. First and foremost, the new policy puts more emphasis on technology and digital learning resources, so it's important for parents to ensure that their children have access to a reliable internet connection. Parents should also look into resources like online tutoring or additional support services that may be available to help their child stay on top of their studies.

It's also important for parents to be mindful of the potential stress and anxiety that students may experience while adjusting to the new system. Parents should make sure they provide emotional and moral support as needed, check in with their kids regularly, and encourage them to take breaks when needed

Finally, it's important for parents to educate themselves on the new policy so they can better understand what changes are taking place and how they can best support their children through the transition period. Changes in education policy can be difficult to navigate and often cause a lot of uncertainty. However, with the right preparation and support, you can make the most of the new policy and continue to achieve your academic goals.

Explore Career Options (By Industry)

  • Construction
  • Entertainment
  • Manufacturing
  • Information Technology

Bio Medical Engineer

The field of biomedical engineering opens up a universe of expert chances. An Individual in the biomedical engineering career path work in the field of engineering as well as medicine, in order to find out solutions to common problems of the two fields. The biomedical engineering job opportunities are to collaborate with doctors and researchers to develop medical systems, equipment, or devices that can solve clinical problems. Here we will be discussing jobs after biomedical engineering, how to get a job in biomedical engineering, biomedical engineering scope, and salary. 

Data Administrator

Database professionals use software to store and organise data such as financial information, and customer shipping records. Individuals who opt for a career as data administrators ensure that data is available for users and secured from unauthorised sales. DB administrators may work in various types of industries. It may involve computer systems design, service firms, insurance companies, banks and hospitals.

Ethical Hacker

A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

Geotechnical engineer

The role of geotechnical engineer starts with reviewing the projects needed to define the required material properties. The work responsibilities are followed by a site investigation of rock, soil, fault distribution and bedrock properties on and below an area of interest. The investigation is aimed to improve the ground engineering design and determine their engineering properties that include how they will interact with, on or in a proposed construction. 

The role of geotechnical engineer in mining includes designing and determining the type of foundations, earthworks, and or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be made. Geotechnical engineering jobs are involved in earthen and concrete dam construction projects, working under a range of normal and extreme loading conditions. 

Cartographer

How fascinating it is to represent the whole world on just a piece of paper or a sphere. With the help of maps, we are able to represent the real world on a much smaller scale. Individuals who opt for a career as a cartographer are those who make maps. But, cartography is not just limited to maps, it is about a mixture of art , science , and technology. As a cartographer, not only you will create maps but use various geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems to measure, analyse, and create different maps for political, cultural or educational purposes.

Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

Finance Executive

Operations manager.

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

Bank Probationary Officer (PO)

Investment director.

An investment director is a person who helps corporations and individuals manage their finances. They can help them develop a strategy to achieve their goals, including paying off debts and investing in the future. In addition, he or she can help individuals make informed decisions.

Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

Construction Manager

Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.

Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description:  A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

Naval Architect

A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability. 

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

Veterinary Doctor

Pathologist.

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

Speech Therapist

Gynaecologist.

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

Hospital Administrator

The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

Videographer

Multimedia specialist.

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism , Advertising , Marketing Management . Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French , German , Italian . 

Public Relation Executive

Travel journalist.

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

Production Manager

Merchandiser.

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

ITSM Manager

Information security manager.

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

Business Intelligence Developer

Applications for admissions are open..

JEE Main Important Chemistry formulas

JEE Main Important Chemistry formulas

As per latest 2024 syllabus. Chemistry formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters

Aakash iACST Scholarship Test 2024

Aakash iACST Scholarship Test 2024

Get up to 90% scholarship on NEET, JEE & Foundation courses

Resonance Coaching

Resonance Coaching

Enroll in Resonance Coaching for success in JEE/NEET exams

TOEFL ® Registrations 2024

TOEFL ® Registrations 2024

Thinking of Studying Abroad? Think the TOEFL® test. Register now & Save 10% on English Proficiency Tests with Gift Cards

ALLEN JEE Exam Prep

ALLEN JEE Exam Prep

Start your JEE preparation with ALLEN

NEET 2024 Most scoring concepts

NEET 2024 Most scoring concepts

Just Study 32% of the NEET syllabus and Score upto 100% marks

Everything about Education

Latest updates, Exclusive Content, Webinars and more.

Download Careers360 App's

Regular exam updates, QnA, Predictors, College Applications & E-books now on your Mobile

student

Cetifications

student

We Appeared in

Economic Times

The Policy Process: Implementation of Education Policy

  • First Online: 26 January 2021

Cite this chapter

Book cover

  • Izhak Berkovich   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3666 10  

Part of the book series: Policy Implications of Research in Education ((PIRE,volume 12))

555 Accesses

After focusing on the first stages of the policymaking process, in which policymakers define issues and construct educational priorities, this chapter draws attention to later stages of the process, including policy implementation and evaluation (Jann and Wegrich 2007). Research on these topics focuses on the instruments employed by policymakers, and the effects of these instruments on implementation and the evaluation of the results of policy programs. In this chapter, we focus on several issues relating to the implementation of education policy: (a) we discuss the manner in which policymakers choose policy instruments and deploy supervision to make sure that strict implementation of the goals is carried out; (b) we delve into how participants in the implementation of education policy at the bottom of the hierarchy are involved in the development of the applied policy, and how their actions shape the nature of the policy at the institutional and national levels; (c) we discuss the various functions that the evaluation of a policy executes; and (d) we discuss the manner in which systemic changes and reforms in recent decades have amounted to a central strategy in the implementation of education policy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
  • Durable hardcover edition

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Addi-Raccah, A., & Grinshtain, Y. (2018). Teachers’ capital in view of intensive parental involvement in school: The case of teachers in high socio-economic status schools in Israel. Research Papers in Education, 33 (5), 599–619.

Article   Google Scholar  

Aflalo, A. (2012). Contradictions in teachers’ perceptions: The hidden barrier to the assimilation of computer technologies. Dapim, 54 , 167–139. [in Hebrew].

Google Scholar  

Avigur-Eshel, A., & Berkovich, I. (2019). Introducing managerialism into national educational contexts through pseudo-conflict: A discursive institutionalist analysis. International Journal of Educational Development, 68 , 1–8.

Berkovich, I. (2017). Educational reform hyperwaves: Reconceptualizing Cuban’s theories of change. Journal of Educational Change, 18 (4), 413–438.

Berriet-Solliec, M., Labarthe, P., Laurent, C., & Baudry, J. (2011, February 17–18). Empirical validity of the evaluation of public policies: Models of evaluation and quality of evidence . 122nd EAAE Seminar: Evidence-Based Agricultural and Rural Policy Making: Methodological and Empirical Challenges of Policy Evaluation , Ancona, Italy.

Bialik, G., Gibton, D., & Dror, Y. (2018). Now you see it, now you don’t: Understanding high conflict and high ambiguity as core policy dimensions through field-level leaders’ perspectives. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 17 (1), 52–77.

Bjork, L. G., & Blase, J. (2009). The micropolitics of school district decentralization. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21 (3), 195–208.

Bovens, M., Hart, P., & Kuipers, S. (2008). The politics of policy evaluation. In M. Moran, M. Rein, & R. E. Goodin (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of public policy (pp. 319–335). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Central Bureau of Statistics. (2011). Forecast for additional classrooms in schools, 2012–2016 . Jerusalem: Central Bureau of Statistics. [in Hebrew].

Central Bureau of Statistics. (2014). The face of Israeli society report, No. 7 . Jerusalem: Central Bureau of Statistics. [in Hebrew].

Choshen, M., & Korach, M. (2014). Jerusalem: Facts and trends 2014 . Jerusalem: The Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research.

Coburn, C. E. (2003). Rethinking scale: Moving beyond numbers to deep and lasting change. Educational Researcher, 32 (6), 3–12.

Coburn, C. E. (2005). Shaping teacher sensemaking: School leaders and the enactment of reading policy. Educational Policy, 19 (3), 476–509.

 Cohen, D. K. (1995). What is the system in systemic reform? Educational Researcher , 24 (9), 11–31.

Cohen, D. K., & Mehta, J. D. (2017). Why reform sometimes succeeds: Understanding the conditions that produce reforms that last. American Educational Research Journal, 54 (4), 644–690.

Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research . Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.

Cuban, L. (1990). Reforming again, again, and again. Educational Researcher, 19 (1), 3–13.

Cuban, L. (2006). An international and historical perspective on national education reforms. In D. Inbar (Ed.), Towards educational revolution? (pp. 22–34). Jerusalem and Tel Aviv: Van Leer Institute and Hakibbutz Hameuchad. [in Hebrew].

Cuban, L., Kirkpatrick, H., & Peck, C. (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38 (4), 813–834.

Dadon-Golan, Z., BenDavid-Hadar, I., & Klein, J. (2019). Equity in education: The Israeli case. International Journal of Educational Management, 33 (7), 1670–1685.

Dror, Y. (2006). Past reforms in the Israeli education system: What history can teach us about the Dovrat report? In D. Inbar (Ed.), Towards educational revolution? (pp. 35–39). Jerusalem and Tel Aviv: Van Leer Institute and Hakibbutz Hameuchad. [in Hebrew].

Eisner, E. W. (1992). Educational reform and the ecology of schooling. Teachers College Record, 93 (4), 610–627.

Eisner, E. W. (2000). Those who ignore the past…: 12 ‘easy’ lessons for the next millennium. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 32 (2), 343–357.

Elmore, R. F. (1995). Structural reform and educational practice. Educational Researcher, 24 (9), 23–26.

Fullan, M. (1992). Successful school improvement: The implementation perspective and beyond . London: McGraw-Hill Education.

Fullan, M. (2000). The return of large־scale reform. Journal of Educational Change, 1 (1), 5–27.

Ganon-Shilon, S., & Schechter, C. (2019). Shared sense-making processes within a national reform implementation: Principals’ voices. Leadership and Policy in Schools . Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/15700763.2019.1696370

Ganon-Shilon, S., Shaked, H., & Schechter, C. (2020). Principals’ voices pertaining to shared sense-making processes within a generally-outlined pedagogical reform implementation. International Journal of Leadership in Education . Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13603124.2020.1770864

Gassner, D., & Gofen, A. (2018). Street-level management: A clientele-agent perspective on implementation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 28 (4), 551–568.

Gaziel, H. H. (1994). Implementing reforms in a centralised education system: The case of Israeli education. Oxford Review of Education, 20 (2), 237–252.

Gaziel, H. H. (2010). Why educational reforms fail: The emergence and failure of an educational reform: A case study from Israel. In J. Zajda (Ed.), Globalisation, ideology and education policy reforms (pp. 49–62). Dordrecht: Springer.

Chapter   Google Scholar  

Gibton, D. (2003). Autonomy, anomie, integration and anarchy: Legislation and adjudication as devices for executing educational reforms and implementing educational policy. In Y. Dror, D. Nevo, & R. Shapira (Eds.), Turns and returns in Israeli education policy guidelines for the 2000s (pp. 407–454). Tel Aviv: Ramot. [In Hebrew].

Gofen, A. (2014). Mind the gap: Dimensions and influence of street־level divergence. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24 (2), 473–493.

Gofen, A., Sella, S., & Gassner, D. (2019). Levels of analysis in street-level bureaucracy research. In P. Hupe (Ed.),  Research handbook on street-level bureaucracy  (pp. 336–350). London: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 8 (4), 597–606.

Goldspink, C. (2007). Rethinking educational reform: A loosely coupled and complex systems perspective. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 35 (1), 27–50.

Gu, Q., Sammons, P., & Chen, J. (2018). How principals of successful schools enact education policy: Perceptions and accounts from senior and middle leaders. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 17 (3), 373–390.

Hanberger, A. (2001). What is the policy problem? Methodological challenges in policy evaluation. Evaluation, 7 (1), 45–62.

Hasson, N. (2015, April 30). Sixty percent increase in 4 years in Israeli matriculation exams in East Jerusalem. Haaretz . Retrieved from http://www.haaretz.co.il . [in Hebrew].

Helgøy, I., & Homme, A. (2006). Policy tools and institutional change: Comparing education policies in Norway, Sweden and England. Journal of Public Policy, 26 (02), 141–165.

Hess, F. M. (2010). The same thing over and over . Cambrige, MA: Harvard University Press.

Book   Google Scholar  

Howlett, M. (2009). Policy analytical capacity and evidence-based policy-making: Lessons from Canada. Canadian Public Administration, 52 (2), 153–175.

Hupe, P., & Buffat, A. (2014). A public service gap: Capturing contexts in a comparative approach of street־level bureaucracy. Public Management Review, 16 (4), 548–569.

Jann, W., & Wegrich, K. (2007). Theories of the policy cycle. In F. Fisher, G. J. Miller, & M. S. Sidney (Eds.), Handbook of public policy analysis (pp. 43–62). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

Katzir, S., & Perry-Hazan, L. (2019). Legitimizing public schooling and innovative education policies in strict religious communities: The story of the new Haredi public education stream in Israel. Journal of Education Policy, 34 (2), 215–241.

Lascoumes, P., & Le Gales, P. (2007). Introduction: Understanding public policy through its instruments – From the nature of instruments to the sociology of public policy instrumentation. Governance, 20 (1), 1–21.

Lingard, B. (2011). Policy as numbers: Ac/counting for educational research. The Australian Educational Researcher, 38 (4), 355–382.

Lipsky, M. (2010). Street־level bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the individual in public service (30th Ann. ed.). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

Madaus, G. F., Scriven, M., & Stufflebeam, D. L. (Eds.). (2000). Evaluation models: Viewpoints on educational and human services evaluation . Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Markman, N., & Yonah, Y. (2009). Nationalism, multiculturalism and core curriculum in Israel: Between inclusion and exclusion. Alpayim, 34 , 65–81. [in Hebrew].

Matland, R. E. (1995). Synthesizing the implementation literature: The ambiguity-conflict model of policy implementation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 5 (2), 145–174.

McConnell, A. (2010). Policy success, policy failure and grey areas in-between. Journal of Public Policy, 30 (3), 345–362.

McDonnell, L. M., & Elmore, R. F. (1987). Getting the job done: Alternative policy instruments. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 9 (2), 133–152.

Mizrahi-Shtelman, R. (2019). Role identity and sensemaking as institutional mechanisms for policy translation: The case of school principals and education reforms in Israel. Leadership and Policy in Schools . Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/15700763.2019.1638422

O’Leary, R. (2010). Guerrilla employees: Should managers nurture, tolerate, or terminate them? Public Administration Review, 70 (1), 8–19.

Orton, J. D., & Weick, K. E. (1990). Loosely coupled systems: A reconceptualization. Academy of Management Review, 15 (2), 203–223.

Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation . Newbury Park, CA: SAGE.

Perry-Hazan, L. (2015). Court-led educational reforms in political third rails: Lessons from the litigation over ultra-religious Jewish schools in Israel. Journal of Education Policy, 30 (5), 713–746.

Pülzl, H., & Treib, O. (2007). Implementing public policy. In F. Fisher, G. J. Miller, & M. S. Sidney (Eds.), Handbook of public policy analysis . New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

Reingold, R., & Avidov-Ungar, O. (2018). ‘There should be more cooperation in setting the policy’: Israeli stakeholders’ perceptions of their appropriate role in implementing a new educational reform. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 22 (6), 731–748.

Resh, N., & Kfir, D. (2004). Educational integration in Israel: Thirty years of hesitant policy in view of changing ideology. Megamot, 43 (1), 63–33. [in Hebrew].

Rom, N., & Eyal, O. (2019). Sensemaking, sense-breaking, sense-giving, and sense-taking: How educators construct meaning in complex policy environments. Teaching and Teacher Education, 78 , 62–74.

Sadovnik, A. R. (2006). Qualitative research and public policy. In F. Fischer & G. J. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of public policy analysis: Theory, politics, and methods (pp. 417–427). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Sarason, S. B. (1982). The culture of the school and the problem of change . Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Schechter, C., & Shaked, H. (2017). Leaving fingerprints: Principals’ considerations while implementing education reforms. Journal of Educational Administration, 55 (3), 242–260.

Shaked, H., & Schechter, C. (2017). School principals as mediating agents in education reforms. School Leadership & Management, 37 (1–2), 19–37.

Shavit, Y. (2013). Vocational / technological education on second thought . Jerusalem: Taub Center. [in Hebrew].

Shulock, N. (1999). The paradox of policy analysis: If it is not used, why do we produce so much of it? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 18 (2), 226–244.

Sicron, M. (1986). Mass immigration- its dimensions, characteristics, and influence on the Israeli population structure. In M. Naor (Ed.), Immigrants and transit camps (pp. 1948–1952). Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi. [in Hebrew].

Slakmon, B. (2017). Educational technology policy in Israel. Pedagogy, Culture and Society, 25 (1), 137–149.

Spillane, J. P., Reiser, B. J., & Reimer, T. (2002). Policy implementation and cognition: Reframing and refocusing implementation research. Review of Educational Research, 72 (3), 387–431.

Swirski, S., & Dagan-Buzaglo, N. (2009). Differentiation, inequality and loose control . Tel Aviv: Adva Center. [in Hebrew].

Tummers, L. (2013). Policy alienation and the power of professionals: Confronting new policies . Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Tzameret, Z. (2005). Zalman Arran and the ‘productivization’ of the Oriental Jews. In A. Barley, D. Gutwein, & T. Friling (Eds.), Society and economics in Israel: A historical and contemporary view (pp. 326–295). Jerusalem and Kiryat Sde-Boker: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi and the Ben Gurion Institute for Israel Studies. [in Hebrew].

Vedung, E. (2017). Public policy and program evaluation . New York, NY: Routledge.

Vurgan, Y. (2007). The education system in the Jewish ultra-Orthodox sector – Situation report . Jerusalem: The Israeli Parliament. [in Hebrew].

Vurgan, Y. (2010a). Computers in schools – Situation report . Jerusalem: The Israeli Parliament.

Vurgan, Y. (2010b). Claims about ethnic discrimination in admission to the recognized unofficial educational institutions . Jerusalem: The Israeli Parliament. [in Hebrew].

Ward, S. C., Bagley, C., Lumby, J., Hamilton, T., Woods, P., & Roberts, A. (2016). What is ‘policy’ and what is ‘policy response’? An illustrative study of the implementation of the leadership standards for social justice in Scotland. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 44 (1), 43–56.

Weick, K. E. (1976). Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21 , 1–19.

Weissblei, E. (2012). Core studies in the Jewish ultra-Orthodox educational system . Jerusalem: The Israeli Parliament.

Weissblei, E. (2013). Israeli education system- Major issues discussed by the Education, Culture and Sport Committe . Jerusalem: The Israeli Parliament. [in Hebrew].

Yang, K. (2006). Quantitative methods for policy analysis. In F. Fischer & G. J. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of public policy analysis: Theory, politics, and methods (pp. 349–368). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Yanow, D. (2006). Qualitative-interpretive methods in policy research. In F. Fischer & G. J. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of public policy analysis: Theory, politics, and methods (pp. 405–415). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Yonah, Y., & Shenhav, Y. (2005). What is multiculturalism? The politics of difference in Israel . Tel Aviv: Babel. [in Hebrew].

Zohar, A. (2013). Grades aren’t everything: Revamping pedagogic discourse . Tel Aviv: Hapoalim. [in Hebrew].

Download references

Author information

Authors and affiliations.

Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, Ra’anana, Israel

Izhak Berkovich

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Berkovich, I. (2021). The Policy Process: Implementation of Education Policy. In: Education Policy, Theories, and Trends in the 21st Century. Policy Implications of Research in Education, vol 12. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63103-1_3

Download citation

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63103-1_3

Published : 26 January 2021

Publisher Name : Springer, Cham

Print ISBN : 978-3-030-63102-4

Online ISBN : 978-3-030-63103-1

eBook Packages : Education Education (R0)

Share this chapter

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

  • Publish with us

Policies and ethics

  • Find a journal
  • Track your research

COMMENTS

  1. Essay on New Education Policy 2020 | 500+ Words Essay - Toppr

    However, the implementation of this policy will greatly determine its success. Nonetheless, with a youth dominant population, India can truly achieve a better state with the proper implementation of this education policy. FAQ of Essay on New Education Policy 2020. Question 1: What does the New Education Policy 2020 aim to achieve by 2030?

  2. EDUCATION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ...

    answering two questions: what does education policy implementation entail in theory and in practice? What are the determinants involved in the process of education policy implementation? Education policy implementation is a complex, evolving process that involves many stakeholders and can result in failure if not well targeted.

  3. Essay on New Education Policy (NEP) - Schools

    100 Words Essay on New Education Policy. The goal of the New Education Policy is to make education available to everyone from preschool through high school. With a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in academics, it intends to achieve that. It is intended to be accomplished by 2030. A four-year, interdisciplinary undergraduate curriculum with a ...

  4. CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF NEP 2020 AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

    The New Education Policy (NEP)2020 is a comprehensive framework aimed at transforming the Indian education systems. The policy envisions a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to education, focusing on the development of students’ cognitive, social, and emotional skills. However, the implementation of the policy faces several

  5. (PDF) A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NEW EDUCATION POLICY ...

    This research work provides a comprehensive analysis of the New Education Policy 2020 in India, focusing on its implications, challenges, and opportunities for transforming the education system.

  6. (PDF) A Critical Evaluation of New Education Policy 2020 ...

    A Critical Evaluation of New Education Policy 2020: Challenges and Opportunities. June 2021. Conference: National Level Virtual Conference on National Education Policy: A Quality Enhancer for ...

  7. Implementing Education Policy: Getting from What Now? to What ...

    for all learners. As a national network of more than 275 private and public grantmaking organizations. supporting education from early learning through postsecondary education, GFE provides research, programs and resources to increase funders’ ability to be strategic and capable in their education. grantmaking.

  8. Education policy implementation : A literature review and ...

    An introduction delves into the reasons behind the need to update the concept of education policy implementation, which is defined as a purposeful and multidirectional change process aiming to put a specific policy into practice and which affects an education system on several levels.

  9. The New Education Policy 2020, Digitalization and Quality of ...

    Structural Modeling. 5.1. Model Building. The dynamics surrounding the links between education, particularly NEP 2020, dig-italization, and quality of life, are quite complex, and extracting information on various qualitative measures of NEP 2020 in the context of QOL is complicated and elaborative.

  10. The Policy Process: Implementation of Education Policy - Springer

    Abstract. After focusing on the first stages of the policymaking process, in which policymakers define issues and construct educational priorities, this chapter draws attention to later stages of the process, including policy implementation and evaluation (Jann and Wegrich 2007). Research on these topics focuses on the instruments employed by ...