research articles from newspaper

Health & Medicine News

Top headlines, latest headlines.

• Promising Drug for Blood Clotting Disorder
• Sweet Taste Receptor and How Glucose Is Handled
• Fighting Antibiotic Overuse With Better Records
• Life Expectancy May Increase by 5 Years by 2050
• Extending Life of Organs Waiting for Transplant
• Congenital Night Blindness and Electrical Noise
• Abnormalities of the White of the Eye
• Optimizing Guide-Dog Robots
• Fruit Fly Wing Development: Birth Defects
• Anti-Diabetic Treatment: Lower Blood Cancer Risk

Earlier Headlines

Friday, may 17, 2024.

• A Trial HIV Vaccine Triggered Elusive and Essential Antibodies in Humans

Thursday, May 16, 2024

• Different Brain Structures in Females Lead to More Severe Cognitive Deficits After Concussion Than Males
• The Vicious Cycle of Protein Clumping in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Aging
• Researchers Wrestle With Accuracy of AI Technology Used to Create New Drug Candidates
• New Gene Delivery Vehicle Shows Promise for Human Brain Gene Therapy
• Natural Toxins in Food: Many People Are Not Aware of the Health Risks
• Singing Repairs the Language Network of the Brain After a Cerebrovascular Accident
• Celiac Disease: New Findings on the Effects of Gluten
• Very Early Blood Pressure Control Confers Both Benefits and Harms in Acute Stroke
• Gene Therapy Relieves Back Pain, Repairs Damaged Disc in Mice
• Why Do We Overindulge?

Wednesday, May 15, 2024

• 'Trojan Horse' Weight Loss Drug More Effective Than Available Therapies
• Blood Pressure Drugs More Than Double Bone-Fracture Risk in Nursing Home Patients
• Pre And Post-Surgical Immunotherapy Improves Outcomes for Patients With Operable Lung Cancer
• Infertility Treatment Doubles the Risk of Postpartum Heart Disease
• H5N1 Virus from 2022 Mink Outbreak Capable of Inefficient Airborne Transmission
• Scientists Want to Know How the Smells of Nature Benefit Our Health
• New Insights Into Phage Therapy Design
• This Time, It's Personal: Enhancing Patient Response to Cancer Immunotherapy
• Heating Proteins to Body Temperature Reveals New Drug Targets
• Research Sheds Light on How Proteins Linked to Alzheimer's Disease Influence Neuronal Growth
• An Active Agent Against Hepatitis E
• New Group Training Tool for the Prevention of Dementia
• Two Genes of the Germline Are Essential for the Development of Brain Tumors in Drosophila
• Exploring the Mechanism Behind Drug Eruptions in the Skin
• Longer Sprint Intervals Can Improve Muscle Oxygen Utilization Compared to Shorter Intervals
• Fighting Fat and Inflammation: Scientists Develop Powerful New Compounds
• New Cardiac Research Will Save Women's Lives by Improving Detection of Heart Failure
• Robots' And Prosthetic Hands' Sense of Touch Could Be as Fast as Humans
• Drug Compounds to Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Highly Pathogenic Avian Flu Detected in New York City Wild Birds
• Repurposed Beer Yeast May Offer a Cost-Effective Way to Remove Lead from Water
• Alzheimer's Disease Without Symptoms: How Is That Possible?
• An Astrocytic pH Regulator That Can Repair the Blood-Brain Barrier and Reverse Brain Damage Caused by Ischemic Stroke
• The Doctor Is In.... but What's Behind Them?

Tuesday, May 14, 2024

• Global Methane Emissions Automatically Detected in Satellite Imagery Using AI
• Far from Toxic, Lactate Rivals Glucose as Body's Major Fuel After a Carbohydrate Meal
• Study Links Sleep Apnea Severity During REM Stage to Verbal Memory Decline
• Petroleum, Chlorine Mix Could Yield Harmful Byproducts
• Study Explores Role of Epigenetics, Environment in Differing Alzheimer's Risk Between Black and White Communities
• New Transit Station in Japan Significantly Reduced Cumulative Health Expenditures
• Bitter Makes the Stomach Acidic, but How?
• Artificial Intelligence Tool to Improve Heart Failure Care
• Stem Cells Provide New Insight Into Genetic Pathway of Childhood Cancer
• Some Brain Cells Age Faster and Are More Prevalent in Alzheimer's
• People With More Copies of Ribosomal DNA May Have Higher Risks of Developing Disease
• Newly Identified PET Biomarker Predicts Success of Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy
• Distinct Population of 'troublemaker' Platelet Cells Appear With Aging, Lead to Blood Clotting, Disease
• Mixed Public Opinion on Polygenic Embryo Screening for IVF
• Innovative 'mini-Brains' Could Revolutionize Alzheimer's Treatment

Monday, May 13, 2024

• First Case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Transmitted from Cow to Human Confirmed
• Persistent Strain of Cholera Defends Itself Against Forces of Change, Scientists Find
• Insights Into Protein Evolution
• New Gel Breaks Down Alcohol in the Body
• Commonly Used Antibiotic Brings More Complications, Death in the Sickest Patients
• New Viruses That Could Cause Epidemics on the Horizon
• New Drug Makes Exercise, Everyday Tasks Easier for People With Common Heart Condition
• New Molecule Mimics the Anti-Clotting Action of Blood-Sucking Organisms
• Research on Centromere Structure Yields New Insights Into the Mechanisms of Chromosome Segregation Errors
• New Study Shows Certain Combinations of Antiviral Proteins Are Responsible for Lupus Symptoms and Affect Treatment Outcomes
• Study Reveals Patients With Brain Injuries Who Died After Withdrawal of Life Support May Have Recovered
• Research Shows That 'softer' Proteins Can Cross Into the Nucleus Quicker
• Birth by C-Section More Than Doubles Odds of Measles Vaccine Failure
• Eye Care: Taking Electroretinography to the Next Level With a Soft Multi-Electrode System
• Prostate Cancer Study: More Health Benefits from Plant-Based Diet
• Plant Virus Treatment Shows Promise in Fighting Metastatic Cancers in Mice

Friday, May 10, 2024

• Cellular Activity Hints That Recycling Is in Our DNA
• Melanoma in Darker Skin Tones
• Breakthrough in Hemostasis and Wound Healing Research
• US Navy Growler Jet Noise Over Whidbey Island Could Impact 74,000 People's Health
• ERR-Gamma 'trains' Stomach Stem Cells to Become Acid-Producing Cells
• Metabolism of Autism Reveals Developmental Origins
• New Tool to Boost Battle Against Childhood Undernutrition
• Stem Cells: A New Mechanical Transducer

Thursday, May 9, 2024

• GPS-Like System Shows Promise as HIV Vaccine Strategy to Elicit Critical Antibodies
• Discrimination May Accelerate Aging
• 'Smart' Contact Lenses Could Someday Enable Wireless Glaucoma Detection
• How Climate Change Will Affect Malaria Transmission
• New Treatment Could Reverse Hair Loss Caused by an Autoimmune Skin Disease
• An Entirely New COVID-Related Syndrome
• Improved Wildfire Smoke Model Identifies Areas for Public Health Intervention
• How Night Shift Work Can Raise Risk of Diabetes, Obesity
• AI Advancements Make the Leap Into 3D Pathology Possible
• Robotic System Feeds People With Severe Mobility Limitations
• Brain Mechanisms Underlying Sensory Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Fluidic Systems Resembling Blood Vascular Tissues: Artificial Blood Vessels and Biomedicine
• An Epigenome Editing Toolkit to Dissect the Mechanisms of Gene Regulation
• How Biological Aging Clocks Tick
• Study Shows Heightened Sensitivity to PTSD in Autism

Wednesday, May 8, 2024

• Who Should Receive Preventive Treatment for TB? Individuals of All Ages With Positive Skin or Blood Test
• Neuropathy Very Common, Underdiagnosed
• New Insight Into Genesis of Spina Bifida
• 'Wraparound' Implants Represent New Approach to Treating Spinal Cord Injuries
• Strengthening CAR-T Therapy to Work Against Solid Tumors
• Exercise, New Drug Class Recommended for Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
• Teens Who View Their Homes as More Chaotic Than Their Siblings Have Poorer Mental Health in Adulthood
• A Tailored Vaccine Could One Day Treat Eczema in Children
• New Guidelines for Depression Care Emphasize Patient-Centred Approach
• Children Sleep Problems Associated With Psychosis in Young Adults
• Researchers Say Future Is Bright for Treating Substance Abuse Through Mobile Health Technologies
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• Whale Families Learn Each Other's Vocal Style
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Science News

‘Flavorama’ guides readers through the complex landscape of flavor

In her new book, Arielle Johnson, former resident scientist at the restaurant Noma, explains how to think like a scientist in the kitchen.

A new method of making diamonds doesn’t require extreme pressure 

How a sugar acid crucial for life could have formed in interstellar clouds.

A weaker magnetic field may have paved the way for marine life to go big

Decreased protection from cosmic radiation may have increased oxygen levels in the atmosphere and oceans, allowing animals to grow larger.

A hidden danger lurks beneath Yellowstone

As the arctic tundra warms, soil microbes likely will ramp up co 2 production.

Burning the stomach lining reduces the ‘hunger hormone’ and cuts weight 

An experimental weight loss procedure blasts the stomach lining with heat to curb hunger and cut pounds.

Genetic analyses of the bird flu virus unveil its evolution and potential

Extreme heat will put millions more older adults at risk in the future.

Sumatran orangutans start crafting their engineering skills as infants

By 6 months old, young orangutans are experimenting with construction materials, and by 6 years old, they are building platforms 20 meters in the air.

The heart plays a hidden role in our mental health

Scientists find a naturally occurring molecule that forms a fractal

The protein assembles itself into a repeating triangle pattern. The fractal seems to be an accident of evolution, scientists say.

How two outsiders tackled the mystery of arithmetic progressions

A predicted quasicrystal is based on the ‘einstein’ tile known as the hat.

The universe may have a complex geometry — like a doughnut

Physicists haven’t yet ruled out the possibility that the universe has a complicated topology in which space loops back around on itself.

Scientists developed a sheet of gold that’s just one atom thick

Newfound ‘altermagnets’ shatter the magnetic status quo , science & society.

Should we use AI to resurrect digital ‘ghosts’ of the dead?

Technology that creates deepfake bots of dead loved ones may need safeguards, experts warn.

Online spaces may intensify teens’ uncertainty in social interactions

Nasa’s budget woes put ambitious space research at risk, this robot can tell when you’re about to smile — and smile back, ai learned how to sway humans by watching a cooperative cooking game.

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Explore millions of high-quality primary sources and images from around the world, including artworks, maps, photographs, and more.

Explore migration issues through a variety of media types

• Part of The Streets are Talking: Public Forms of Creative Expression from Around the World
• Part of The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 34, No. 1 (Winter 2020)
• Part of Cato Institute (Aug. 3, 2021)
• Part of University of California Press
• Part of Open: Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture
• Part of Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, Vol. 19, No. 1 (Winter 2012)
• Part of R Street Institute (Nov. 1, 2020)
• Part of Leuven University Press
• Part of UN Secretary-General Papers: Ban Ki-moon (2007-2016)
• Part of Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol. 12, No. 4 (August 2018)
• Part of Leveraging Lives: Serbia and Illegal Tunisian Migration to Europe, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Mar. 1, 2023)
• Part of UCL Press

Harness the power of visual materials—explore more than 3 million images now on JSTOR.

Enhance your scholarly research with underground newspapers, magazines, and journals.

Explore collections in the arts, sciences, and literature from the world’s leading museums, archives, and scholars.

Epidemiology

Slow Response to Bird Flu in Cows Worries Scientists

The H5N1 virus is a long way from becoming adapted to humans, but limited testing and tracking mean we could miss danger signs

Smriti Mallapaty, Nature magazine

The Anthropology of Past Disease Outbreaks Can Help Prevent Future Ones

Three factors determine whether a society experiences disease outbreaks—and how we can fight them

Ron Barrett, The Conversation US

How Bird Flu Caught the Dairy Industry Off Guard

Understanding how avian influenza jumped into cows can help shape the path to stopping the virus’s spread

Meghan Bartels

A Fight About Viruses in the Air Is Finally Over. Now It’s Time for Healthy Venting

WHO now admits the COVID virus and other germs spread “through the air.” This plain language may help improve research and action to fight disease

Longest-Ever COVID Infection Lasted More Than 600 Days

A Dutch man with lymphoma and other blood disorders was infected with the COVID-causing virus for nearly two years, during which time the pathogen evolved numerous mutations

Riis Williams

U.S. Needs to Better Track Bird Flu Spread in Farm Animals, Farm Workers, Epidemiologist Says

Four years after a mysterious respiratory virus jumped from animals into humans and launched the COVID pandemic, wary epidemiologists are keeping a close eye on a strain of avian influenza that is spreading among U.S. dairy cows

Bird Flu Virus Has Been Spreading in U.S. Cows for Months

Genomic analysis suggests that the outbreak probably began in December or January, but a shortage of data is hampering efforts to pin down the source

Soviet-Era Pseudoscience Lurks behind ‘Havana Syndrome’ Worries

Dodgy studies and fantastic claims have long powered a belief in devious Russian brain weapons, from mind control to microwave devices   

Keith Kloor

Bird Flu Detected in a Person in Texas: What We Know So Far

A person tested positive for avian influenza after being exposed to cows thought to be infected with the virus. It's the second time a human has been infected with H5N1 in the U.S.

Tanya Lewis

Viral Genetics Confirms What On-the-Ground Activists Knew Early in the Mpox Outbreak

Molecular biology could have changed the mpox epidemic—and could stop future outbreaks

Joseph Osmundson

People with ‘Havana Syndrome’ Show No Brain Damage or Medical Illness

The largest and most comprehensive studies of ‘Havana Syndrome’ point to stress or group psychology as likely explanations for most “anomalous health incidents”

Daniel Vergano

Spike in Lyme Disease Cases Reflects More Accurate Surveillance

In states with high rates of Lyme disease, new reporting guidelines have revealed tens of thousands of previously overlooked cases--giving scientists a better understanding of the public health threat

Zoya Teirstein, Grist

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Psychology and Psychologists

Emma Seppälä Has Thoughts on How to Avoid Kneejerk Decisions

The psychologist studies how to recognize emotions and cope with them. She learned the hard way.

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Does Mindfulness Training Lead to Better Mental Health?

Responses to an article in Science Times. Also: Teaching about hate; the International Criminal Court and the Israel-Gaza war; nonpartisan House speakers.

¿Estamos hablando demasiado sobre la salud mental?

Estudios recientes ponen en duda que las intervenciones en salud mental a gran escala le hacen bien a los niños y adolescentes. Algunos, incluso, sugieren que pueden tener un efecto negativo.

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Are We Talking Too Much About Mental Health?

Recent studies cast doubt on whether large-scale mental health interventions are making young people better. Some even suggest they can have a negative effect.

Una guía de habilidades sociales útiles para los adultos

Las habilidades sociales necesitan tiempo y práctica para perfeccionarse. Aquí te damos algunos consejos para hacerlo más fácil.

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Searching for the Real Anna O.

One of Freud’s most famous cases raises as many questions as it answers.

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El perfeccionismo entre los jóvenes ha aumentado, pero los expertos dicen que hay formas de acallar a tu crítico interior.

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Why Your Big Sister Resents You

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Perfectionism Is a Trap. Here’s How to Escape.

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She Lied, Cheated and Stole. Then She Wrote a Book About It.

In her buzzy memoir, “Sociopath,” Patric Gagne shows herself more committed to revel in her naughtiness than to demystify the condition.

By Alexandra Jacobs

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Why Use Newspapers?

Finding a specific newspaper, finding articles if you have a citation, finding articles on a topic, finding article full text.

• Newspapers in the Library Collection
• Newspaper Websites

Newspaper articles can provide a useful source of information, serving as a primary source of information about historical and current events. Some of the benefits of using newspaper articles as primary sources include:

• seeing how people viewed an event when it happened;
• providing multiple points of view about an issue, including a comparison of the United States and international views;
• permitting researchers to trace the historical development of subjects over time;
• examining issues in the context of their time (by seeing how stories about an issue relate to other stories, or by examining the type of coverage provided);
• giving a snapshot of a time period detailing how people lived, and what they purchased, etc. which is helpful for writers, playwrights, historians, etc.

Because newspapers also contain commentaries or retrospective articles about events, they can also serve as a secondary source. (Modified from Why Use Newspapers? - OhioState University)

To find a specific newspaper, try the following:

1. On the library home page in the search box click the Journals tab. Type the newspaper title.

The search will return results for titles starting with the words you typed. If you want to search for the exact tile or are not sure of the the complete title, use the E-Journals Search (link below the box). From the drop-down menu you can select "Title contains all words" if you are not sure in what order the words appear in the title or "Title equals" (the latter would be useful for short titles like "Time" or "Times").

2. For titles not available online, click "Print Journals" under the search box for journal searches. This will take you to the library catalog. Click on the "Title" tab. Do a catalog TITLE search for the newspaper title. It is useful to limit your search to Periodicals/Serials.

Results list may include several entries for different versions of the title and various formats (print, microfilm, and electronic). If you are confused, ask a librarian for help. For your convenience, information about popular newspapers in our collection is provided in this guide.

Library records may include information about current print holdings and microforms, as well as links to online content. Please note that the catalog does NOT have links to ALL newspapers available online, use the e-journals search for this.

First, determine if the issue of the newspaper is available online.

Method 1 . Search for the article title in quotation marks (and author's name, if the title is common) in the red search box on the home page (under the "Articles" tab).

A successful search will include a link to the article full text.

Method 2. Use the E-Journals search to see if the issue you need is available online. This method is more comprehensive, because it will find ALL of library electronic subscriptions. It also helps when a link in Method 1 does not work.

In the results list find a database that covers the period when the article of interest was published.

You can click "Look up Article" or go to the database. Most databases will allow you to browse to the volume and issue or search for the article.

If the article is not available online or you need to see the article as it was published with original graphics, do a catalog search for the newspaper title in the library catalog as described above . Important note: search for the newspaper title, NOT the article title.

• Start with searching Summon . After you enter your search terms and get results, you will be able to refine you search by Content - Newspapers . You may also select a date range for the articles.

• Search one of the general newspaper databases . You should also be able to filter your results to newspaper content and specify dates.
• Many subject guides provide information on newspapers in the discipline.
• Ask your subject librarian for assistance.

Please note that newspaper databases come in different formats.

Digital archive databases provide scanned reproductions of original newspaper pages (the full-text and any accompanying graphics).

Full-text databases provide the complete text of newspaper articles (but not accompanying graphics).

Index only databases provide citations (references) to newspaper articles. You can use these to identify the publication date and page number details for specific articles.

Therefore you may still need to use digital or traditional microfilms to view the articles you found using an online database.

If you working with newspapers not available online, you may need to use an index, which may be available in print or on a microfilm. Ask for help at the desk or via an online form .

Remember that if we don't have access to an article you can request it through interlibrary loan (ILLiad) .

(Modified from Newspapers & news services: Finding newspaper articles on a topic - University of Wollongong)

• Next: Newspapers in the Library Collection >>
• Last Updated: Mar 11, 2024 11:25 AM
• URL: https://guides.libraries.uc.edu/newspapers

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Newspaper Research Journal

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• Description
• Aims and Scope
• Editorial Board
• Abstracting / Indexing
• Submission Guidelines

Newspaper Research Journal (NRJ)  is a refereed journal published quarterly that reaches thousands of journalism students, scholars, and media professionals in the United States and internationally. Founded in 1979,  NRJ answers questions about all aspects of US and foreign newspapers: their content, their staffs, their management (including advertising, circulation, and production) and economics, their technology, their design and layout, their relationships with their communities and democracy, their relationships with journalism educators, journalism ethics, and more. All research methodologies and all relevant theories are welcome. NRJ is the official journal of the Newspaper and Online News Division (NOND) of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC). This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) .

Newspaper Research Journal ( NRJ ) is a refereed journal published quarterly that reaches thousands of journalism students, scholars and media professionals in the United States and internationally.

Founded in 1979, NRJ answers questions about all aspects of US and foreign newspapers: their content, their staffs, their management (including advertising, circulation, and production) and economics, their technology, their design and layout, their relationships with their communities and democracy, their relationships with journalism educators, journalism ethics, and more. All research methodologies and all relevant theories are welcome; studies should be designed to test and develop theory, not simply gather data.

NRJ is the official journal of the Newspaper and Online News Division (NOND) of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC).

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• PubMed: MEDLINE

This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics.

To submit your manuscript for publication consideration, please visit https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/newspaperresearchj . For questions regarding submissions, please contact NRJ Editor Kris Boyle, [email protected] .

Stylebook— Because the purpose of NRJ is to provide a bridge between educators and professionals, the writing style should be clear, lucid and direct. Authors should consult the 6th Edition of  Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association for the writing style. Authors must avoid writing in the first person and remember that each quote, including open-ended responses from interview or survey participants, must be referenced .

NRJ does not publish footnotes and publishes endnotes only regarding external funding sources plus for other reasons under extraordinary circumstances.

Length Limit— Article manuscripts should be about 5000 words, not including tables, graphs, illustrations, or endnotes. However, manuscripts up to 10,000 words will be accepted for review. The longer the manuscript, the more likely the author will be asked to shorten it and/or the editor will significantly edit it, prior to publication. NRJ discourages "Discussion" sections in articles because they often merely repeat data/evidence just presented in the results section and/or preempt (and thus repeat) the article's own conclusion section. Only include a "Discussion" section if the results are difficult to understand or interpret or if content should be included that does not belong in the literature review, methdology, data/evidence or conclusion sections. All relevant scholarly literature must be cited in the Literature Review; do not wait until the Conclusion section to introduce relevant literature. Conclusion sections should be used to: explain the study's theoretical contribution to the scholarly literature, explain how the study's findings could be applied in the newspaper industry (if applicable), detail the study's limitations, and mention related research planned for the future (if any).

Topics —The journal publishes articles about newspapers (daily, semiweekly, weekly, biweekly or monthly) in any country. This includes articles about news performance, newspaper history, newspaper management, newspaper economics, sociology of journalism, media ethics practiced at newspapers, media law applicable to newspapers, or newspaper professional or trade associations, in addition to articles about newspaper content, newspaper staff members, and other traditional topics. Articles may test any relevant mass communication or media studies theory. Articles must be theory-driven, are expected to include a scholarly literature review, and should be designed to draw conclusions that can help develop theory. Research may use any quantitative or qualitative research methodology(s) that is generally accepted in the mass communication discipline.

Keywords— Authors and reviewers should know that NRJ has a new, extensive set of standardized keyword categories. All authors are required to choose one or more item in each category as appropriate for their submitted manuscript specifically and themselves as scholars. It is hoped that this scheme is comprehensive enough to accommodate all types of manuscripts, authors, and reviewers. It also helps new authors to easily see if their manuscript falls within the scope of the journal by checking the categories. The success of this system relies on the cooperation of authors and reviewers to provide the journal with the necessary information.

Standardized keywords NRJ articles much easier to be found in online search engines, which is essentially a keyword-based system; and help the NRJ editor match reviewers and authors much better using the same terms. It will also help the NRJ editor to analyze research trends by using keywords consistently, and Sage can promote and group the articles more easily.

Tables —Authors should keep tables, graphs and figures to a minimum. The primary way to accomplish this is to present data in the text or in tables and graphs, but not both. If tables are crucial, they must be constructed in a manner that can be easily understood by a wide and diverse audience. All tables must be placed in separate Word or Excel files. Please ensure the tables are editable–do not send embedded images of tables.

Figures— Authors must submit high-resolution images (at least 300 dpi). They should be submitted press-ready and in their original file format. Images must be submitted separately from the Word document. Thus, please do not embed images into the Word file .

Statistics— Some NRJ readers have strong statistical backgrounds. Others do not. Studies that depend solely on statistics are discouraged. All statistical tools, applications and results must be explained so the application is clear .

Endnotes— Again, please consult the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association

Manuscript Review— The editor and Editorial Board make every effort to review manuscripts thoroughly and promptly. NRJ's review criteria are extensive and specific, aiming for the highest quality published research. (The review criteria are available upon request by authors preparing manuscripts for NRJ.) The editorial process takes approximately 75 to 90 days. Manuscripts determined by the editor to be outside the journal’s scope will be rejected as quickly as possible by the editor before they are assigned to Editorial Board members. All other manuscripts are each sent to three reviewers, which normally will be Editorial Board members. Reviewers advise the editor and provide comments to authors. The editor, based on reviewers' ratings and comments, often recommends changes and suggests areas of revision. Many manuscripts require a rewrite .

Acceptance— Upon acceptance, authors are required to submit a final version as an email attachment. The article will appear in publication up to one year after the manuscript is accepted and the revised manuscript is received . Dated material might not be published, so authors who do not revise their manuscript in a timely manner run the risk of not being published. The editor reserves the right to determine when material is dated .

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Reproductive rights in America

Despite state bans, abortions nationwide are up, driven by telehealth.

Elissa Nadworny

Abortion rights activists at the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. on March 26, the day the case about the abortion drug mifepristone was heard. The number of abortions in the U.S. increased, a study says, surprising researchers. Drew Angerer/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Abortion rights activists at the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C. on March 26, the day the case about the abortion drug mifepristone was heard. The number of abortions in the U.S. increased, a study says, surprising researchers.

In the 18 months following the Supreme Court's decision that ended federal protection for abortion, the number of abortions in the U.S. has continued to grow, according to The Society of Family Planning's WeCount project .

"We are seeing a slow and small steady increase in the number of abortions per month and this was completely surprising to us," says Ushma Upadhyay , a professor and public health scientist at the University of California, San Francisco who co-leads the research. According to the report, in 2023 there were, on average, 86,000 abortions per month compared to 2022, where there were about 82,000 abortions per month. "Not huge," says Upadhyay, "but we were expecting a decline."

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What's at stake in the supreme court mifepristone case.

The slight increase comes despite the fact that 14 states had total abortion bans in place during the time of the research. According to the report, there were about 145,000 fewer abortions in person in those states since the Dobbs decision, which triggered many of the restrictive state laws.

"We know that there are people living in states with bans who are not getting their needed abortions," says Upadhyay. "The concern we have is that that might be overlooked by these increases."

Florida, California and Illinois saw the largest surges in abortions, which is especially interesting given Florida's recent 6-week ban that started on May 1.

Abortion rights opponents demonstrate in New York City, on March 23. Some states' abortion bans are known as "heartbeat bills," because they make abortion illegal after cardiac activity starts, usually around six weeks of pregnancy. Kena Betancur/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Abortion rights opponents demonstrate in New York City, on March 23. Some states' abortion bans are known as "heartbeat bills," because they make abortion illegal after cardiac activity starts, usually around six weeks of pregnancy.

The latest report also captures for the first time the impact of providers offering telehealth abortions from states with protections for doctors and clinics known as shield laws – statutes that say they can't be prosecuted or held liable for providing abortion care to people from other states.

Between July and December 2023, more than 40,000 people in states with abortion bans and telehealth restrictions received medication abortion through providers in states protected by shield laws. Abortion pills can be prescribed via telehealth appointments and sent through the mail; the pills can safely end pregnancies in the first trimester.

The report includes abortions happening within the U.S. health care system, and does not include self-managed abortions, when people take pills at home without the oversight of a clinician. For that reason, researchers believe these numbers are still an undercount of abortions happening in the U.S.

Tessa Longbons Cox is a senior research associate at Charlotte Lozier Institute, a research organization that opposes abortion. She says the WeCount report, "highlights a concerning trend" that policies around mail-order abortion pills are boosting abortion rates. "By recklessly removing in-person medical visits and safeguards, abortion advocates have put women's health and safety last," Longbons Cox says in a statement.

Accounting for the increases

A major factor in the uptick in abortions nationwide is the rise of telehealth, made possible in part by regulations first loosened during the coronavirus pandemic.

According to the report, telehealth abortions now make up 19% of all abortions in the U.S. In comparison, the first WeCount report which spanned April 2022 through August 2022 showed telehealth abortions accounted for just 4% of all abortions. Research has shown that telehealth abortions are as safe and effective as in-clinic care.

"It's affordable, it's convenient, and it feels more private," says Jillian Barovick, a midwife in Brooklyn and one of the co-founders of Juniper Midwifery , which offers medication abortion via telehealth to patients in six states where abortion is legal. The organization saw its first patient in August 2022 and now treats about 300 patients a month.

A Supreme Court abortion pill case with potential consequences for every other drug

"Having an in-clinic abortion, even a medication abortion, you could potentially be in the clinic for hours, whereas with us you get to sort of bypass all of that," she says. Instead, patients can connect with a clinician using text messages or a secure messaging platform. In addition to charging $100 dollars for the consultation and medication – which is well below the average cost of an abortion – Barovick points to the cost savings of not having to take off work or arrange child care to spend multiple hours in a clinic.

She says her patients receive their medication within 1 to 4 business days, "often faster than you can get an appointment in a clinic."

A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine on Monday followed about 500 women who had medication abortions with the pills distributed via mail order pharmacy after an in-person visit with a doctor. More than 90% of the patients were satisfied with the experience; there were three serious adverse events that required hospitalization.

In addition to expansions in telehealth, there have been new clinics in states like Kansas, Illinois and New Mexico, and there's been an increase in funding for abortion care – fueled by private donors and abortion funds.

The impact of shield laws

During the period from October to December 2023, nearly 8,000 people per month in states with bans or severe restrictions accessed medication abortions from clinicians providing telehealth in the 5 states that had shield laws at the time. That's nearly half of all monthly telehealth abortions.

"It's telemedicine overall that is meeting the need of people who either want to or need to remain in their banned or restricted state for their care," says Angel Foster, who founded The MAP, a group practice operating a telehealth model under Massachusetts' shield laws. "If you want to have your abortion care in your state and you live in Texas or Mississippi or Missouri, right now, the shield law provision is by far the most dominant way that you'd be able to get that care."

Foster's group offers medication abortions for about 500 patients a month. About 90% of their patients are in banned or restrictive states; about a third are from Texas, their most common state of origin, followed by Florida.

"Patients are scared that we are a scam," she says, "they can't believe that we're legit."

Since the WeCount data was collected, additional states including Maine and California have passed shield laws protecting providers who offer care nationwide. The new shield laws circumvent traditional telemedicine laws, which often require out-of-state health providers to be licensed in the states where patients are located. States with abortion bans or restrictions and/or telehealth bans hold the provider at fault, not the patient.

The NPR Politics Podcast

One small pill — one big court case.

Existing lawsuits brought by abortion opponents, including the case awaiting a Supreme Court decision, have the potential to disrupt this telehealth surge by restricting the use of the drug mifepristone nationwide. If the Supreme Court upholds an appeals court ruling, providers would be essentially barred from mailing the drug and an in-person doctor visit would be required.

There is also an effort underway in Louisiana to classify abortion pills as a controlled substance.

• abortion bans
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Using ideas from game theory to improve the reliability of language models

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Imagine you and a friend are playing a game where your goal is to communicate secret messages to each other using only cryptic sentences. Your friend's job is to guess the secret message behind your sentences. Sometimes, you give clues directly, and other times, your friend has to guess the message by asking yes-or-no questions about the clues you've given. The challenge is that both of you want to make sure you're understanding each other correctly and agreeing on the secret message.

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) researchers have created a similar "game" to help improve how AI understands and generates text. It is known as a “consensus game” and it involves two parts of an AI system — one part tries to generate sentences (like giving clues), and the other part tries to understand and evaluate those sentences (like guessing the secret message).

The researchers discovered that by treating this interaction as a game, where both parts of the AI work together under specific rules to agree on the right message, they could significantly improve the AI's ability to give correct and coherent answers to questions. They tested this new game-like approach on a variety of tasks, such as reading comprehension, solving math problems, and carrying on conversations, and found that it helped the AI perform better across the board.

Traditionally, large language models answer one of two ways: generating answers directly from the model (generative querying) or using the model to score a set of predefined answers (discriminative querying), which can lead to differing and sometimes incompatible results. With the generative approach, "Who is the president of the United States?" might yield a straightforward answer like "Joe Biden." However, a discriminative query could incorrectly dispute this fact when evaluating the same answer, such as "Barack Obama."

So, how do we reconcile mutually incompatible scoring procedures to achieve coherent, efficient predictions? 

"Imagine a new way to help language models understand and generate text, like a game. We've developed a training-free, game-theoretic method that treats the whole process as a complex game of clues and signals, where a generator tries to send the right message to a discriminator using natural language. Instead of chess pieces, they're using words and sentences," says Athul Jacob, an MIT PhD student in electrical engineering and computer science and CSAIL affiliate. "Our way to navigate this game is finding the 'approximate equilibria,' leading to a new decoding algorithm called 'equilibrium ranking.' It's a pretty exciting demonstration of how bringing game-theoretic strategies into the mix can tackle some big challenges in making language models more reliable and consistent."

When tested across many tasks, like reading comprehension, commonsense reasoning, math problem-solving, and dialogue, the team's algorithm consistently improved how well these models performed. Using the ER algorithm with the LLaMA-7B model even outshone the results from much larger models. "Given that they are already competitive, that people have been working on it for a while, but the level of improvements we saw being able to outperform a model that's 10 times the size was a pleasant surprise," says Jacob. 

"Diplomacy," a strategic board game set in pre-World War I Europe, where players negotiate alliances, betray friends, and conquer territories without the use of dice — relying purely on skill, strategy, and interpersonal manipulation — recently had a second coming. In November 2022, computer scientists, including Jacob, developed “Cicero,” an AI agent that achieves human-level capabilities in the mixed-motive seven-player game, which requires the same aforementioned skills, but with natural language. The math behind this partially inspired the Consensus Game. 

While the history of AI agents long predates when OpenAI's software entered the chat in November 2022, it's well documented that they can still cosplay as your well-meaning, yet pathological friend. 

The consensus game system reaches equilibrium as an agreement, ensuring accuracy and fidelity to the model's original insights. To achieve this, the method iteratively adjusts the interactions between the generative and discriminative components until they reach a consensus on an answer that accurately reflects reality and aligns with their initial beliefs. This approach effectively bridges the gap between the two querying methods. 

In practice, implementing the consensus game approach to language model querying, especially for question-answering tasks, does involve significant computational challenges. For example, when using datasets like MMLU, which have thousands of questions and multiple-choice answers, the model must apply the mechanism to each query. Then, it must reach a consensus between the generative and discriminative components for every question and its possible answers. 

The system did struggle with a grade school right of passage: math word problems. It couldn't generate wrong answers, which is a critical component of understanding the process of coming up with the right one. 

“The last few years have seen really impressive progress in both strategic decision-making and language generation from AI systems, but we’re just starting to figure out how to put the two together. Equilibrium ranking is a first step in this direction, but I think there’s a lot we’ll be able to do to scale this up to more complex problems,” says Jacob.   

An avenue of future work involves enhancing the base model by integrating the outputs of the current method. This is particularly promising since it can yield more factual and consistent answers across various tasks, including factuality and open-ended generation. The potential for such a method to significantly improve the base model's performance is high, which could result in more reliable and factual outputs from ChatGPT and similar language models that people use daily. 

"Even though modern language models, such as ChatGPT and Gemini, have led to solving various tasks through chat interfaces, the statistical decoding process that generates a response from such models has remained unchanged for decades," says Google Research Scientist Ahmad Beirami, who was not involved in the work. "The proposal by the MIT researchers is an innovative game-theoretic framework for decoding from language models through solving the equilibrium of a consensus game. The significant performance gains reported in the research paper are promising, opening the door to a potential paradigm shift in language model decoding that may fuel a flurry of new applications."

Jacob wrote the paper with MIT-IBM Watson Lab researcher Yikang Shen and MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science assistant professors Gabriele Farina and Jacob Andreas, who is also a CSAIL member. They presented their work at the International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) earlier this month, where it was highlighted as a "spotlight paper." The research also received a “best paper award” at the NeurIPS R0-FoMo Workshop in December 2023.

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MIT researchers have developed a new procedure that uses game theory to improve the accuracy and consistency of large language models (LLMs), reports Steve Nadis for Quanta Magazine . “The new work, which uses games to improve AI, stands in contrast to past approaches, which measured an AI program’s success via its mastery of games,” explains Nadis. 

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• Americans’ Changing Relationship With Local News

As news consumption habits become more digital, U.S. adults continue to see value in local outlets

Table of contents.

• 1. Attention to local news
• 2. Local news topics
• Americans’ changing local news providers
• How people feel about their local news media’s performance
• Most Americans think local journalists are in touch with their communities
• Interactions with local journalists
• 5. Americans’ views on the financial health of local news
• Acknowledgments
• The American Trends Panel survey methodology

The Pew-Knight Initiative supports new research on how Americans absorb civic information, form beliefs and identities, and engage in their communities.

Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Knight Foundation is a social investor committed to supporting informed and engaged communities. Learn more >

Pew Research Center conducted this study to better understand the local news habits and attitudes of U.S. adults. It is a follow-up to a similar study conducted in 2018 .

The survey of 5,146 U.S. adults was conducted from Jan. 22 to 28, 2024. Everyone who completed the survey is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories.  Read more about the ATP’s methodology .

Refer to the topline for the questions used for this survey , along with responses, and to the methodology for more details.

This is a Pew Research Center report from the Pew-Knight Initiative, a research program funded jointly by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Find related reports online at https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight/ .

The local news landscape in America is going through profound changes as both news consumers and producers continue to adapt to a more digital news environment. We recently asked U.S. adults about the ways they access local news, as well as their attitudes toward local journalism, finding that:

• A growing share of Americans prefer to get local news online, while fewer are getting news on TV or in print. And newspapers are no longer primarily consumed as a print product – the majority of readers of local daily newspapers now access them digitally.
• The share of U.S. adults who say they are paying close attention to local news has dropped since our last major survey of attitudes toward local news in 2018, mirroring declining attention to national news.
• Americans still see value in local news and local journalists. A large majority say local news outlets are at least somewhat important to the well-being of their local community. Most people also say local journalists are in touch with their communities and that their local news media perform well at several aspects of their jobs, such as reporting the news accurately.
• At the same time, a relatively small share of Americans (15%) say they have paid for local news in the last year. And many seem unaware of the major financial challenges facing local news: A 63% majority (albeit a smaller majority than in 2018) say they think their local news outlets are doing very or somewhat well financially.
• Majorities of both major parties say local media in their area are doing their jobs well. While Republicans and GOP-leaning independents are slightly less positive than Democrats and Democratic leaners in their opinions of local media, views of local news don’t have the same stark political divides that exist within Americans’ opinions about national media .
• Most Americans say local journalists should remain neutral on issues in their community, but a substantial minority say local journalists should take a more active role. About three-in-ten say local journalists should advocate for change in their communities, a view that’s especially common among Democrats and younger adults.

These are some of the key findings from a new Pew Research Center survey of about 5,000 U.S. adults conducted in January 2024. This is the first in a series of Pew Research Center reports on local news from the Pew-Knight Initiative, a research program funded jointly by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation.

Americans largely hold positive views of local news organizations

At a time when many local news outlets are struggling and Americans’ trust in the news media has waned, the vast majority of U.S. adults (85%) say local news outlets are at least somewhat important to the well-being of their local community. This includes 44% who say local journalism is extremely or very important to their community

About seven-in-ten U.S. adults (69%) say that local journalists in their area are mostly in touch with their community, up from 63% who said this in 2018. And most Americans also say their local news organizations are doing well at four key roles:

• Reporting news accurately (71%)
• Covering the most important stories (68%)
• Being transparent (63%)
• Keeping an eye on local political leaders (61%).

These are relatively positive views compared with how Americans see news organizations more broadly. For instance, a 2022 Pew Research Center survey found that fewer than half of U.S. adults say that news organizations in general do a very or somewhat good job of covering the most important stories, reporting the news accurately and serving as a watchdog over elected leaders.

What’s more, views toward local news are not as politically polarized as Americans’ opinions about the news media overall. While Republicans and GOP-leaning independents are not quite as positive as Democrats and Democratic leaners in some of their assessments of local journalists, most Republicans still say the local media in their area are doing their jobs well.

For example, roughly three-quarters of Democrats (78%) say their local media do well at reporting news accurately, compared with about two-thirds of Republicans (66%).

By comparison, the 2022 survey found that 51% of Democrats and just 17% of Republicans say that news organizations in general do a very or somewhat good job of reporting the news accurately.

Jump to more information on views toward local news organizations.

Fewer Americans are closely following local news – and other types of news

Despite these positive views toward local news organizations, there are signs that Americans are engaging less with local journalism than they used to.

The share of Americans who say they follow local news very closely has fallen by 15 percentage points since 2016 (from 37% to 22%). Most U.S. adults still say they follow local news at least somewhat closely (66%), but this figure also has dropped in recent years.

This trend is not unique to local news – Americans’ attention to national and international news also has declined.

The local news landscape is becoming more digital

The ways in which Americans access local news are changing, reflecting an increasingly digital landscape – and matching patterns in overall news consumption habits .

Preferred pathways to local news

• Fewer people now say they prefer to get local news through a television set (32%, down from 41% who said the same in 2018).
• Americans are now more likely to say they prefer to get local news online, either through news websites (26%) or social media (23%). Both of these numbers have increased in recent years.
• Smaller shares prefer getting their local news from a print newspaper or on the radio (9% each).

Specific sources for local news

The types of sources (e.g., outlets or organizations) Americans are turning to are changing as well:

• While local television stations are still the most common source of local news beyond friends, family and neighbors, the share who often or sometimes get news there has declined from 70% to 64% in recent years.
• Online forums, such as Facebook groups or the Nextdoor app, have become a more common destination for local news: 52% of U.S. adults say they at least sometimes get local news from these types of forums, up 14 percentage points from 2018. This is on par with the percentage who get local news at least sometimes from local radio stations.
• Meanwhile, a third of Americans say they at least sometimes get local news from a daily newspaper, regardless of whether it is accessed via print, online or through a social media website – down 10 points from 2018. The share of Americans who get local news from newspapers is now roughly on par with the share who get local news from local government agencies (35%) or local newsletters or Listservs (31%).

Not only are fewer Americans getting local news from newspapers, but local daily newspapers are now more likely to be accessed online than in print.

• 31% of those who get news from daily newspapers do so via print, while far more (66%) do so digitally, whether through websites, apps, emails or social media posts that include content from the paper.
• In 2018, just over half of those who got news from local daily newspapers (54%) did so from print, and 43% did so via a website, app, email or social media site.

There is a similar move toward digital access for local TV stations, though local TV news is still mostly consumed through a TV set.

• In 2024, 62% of those getting news from local TV stations do so through a television, compared with 37% who do so through one of the digital pathways.
• An even bigger majority of local TV news consumers (76%) got that news through a TV set in 2018.

Jump to more information on how people access local news.

The financial state of local news

The turmoil for the local news industry in recent years has come with major financial challenges. Circulation and advertising revenue for newspapers have seen sharp declines in the last decade, according to our analysis of industry data , and other researchers have documented that thousands of newspapers have stopped publishing in the last two decades. There also is evidence of audience decline for local TV news stations, although advertising revenue on local TV has been more stable.

When asked about the financial state of the news outlets in their community, a majority of Americans (63%) say they think their local news outlets are doing very or somewhat well, with a third saying that they’re not doing too well or not doing well at all. This is a slightly more pessimistic view than in 2018, when 71% said their local outlets were doing well, though it is still a relatively positive assessment of the financial state of the industry.

Just 15% of Americans say they have paid or given money to any local news source in the past year – a number that has not changed much since 2018. The survey also asked Americans who did not pay for news in the past year the main reason why not. The most common explanation is that people don’t pay because they can find plenty of free local news, although young adults are more inclined to say they just aren’t interested enough in local news to pay for it.

Jump to more information on how people view the financial state of local news.

Other key findings in this report

Americans get local news about a wide variety of topics. Two-thirds or more of U.S. adults at least sometimes get news about local weather, crime, government and politics, and traffic and transportation, while smaller shares (but still at least half) say they get local news about arts and culture, the economy, schools, and sports.

Relatively few Americans are highly satisfied with the coverage they see of many topics. The survey also asked respondents who at least sometimes get each type of local news how satisfied they are with the news they get. With the exception of weather, fewer than half say they are extremely or very satisfied with the quality of the news they get about each topic. For example, about a quarter of those who consume news about their local economy (26%) say they are extremely or very satisfied with this news. Read more about different local news topics in Chapter 2.

When asked whether local journalists should remain neutral on community issues or advocate for change in the community, a majority of Americans (69%) say journalists should remain neutral, reflecting more traditional journalistic norms. However, 29% say that local journalists should be advocating for change in their communities. Younger adults are the most likely to favor advocacy by journalists: 39% of those ages 18 to 29 say that local journalists should push for change, as do 34% of those 30 to 49. Read more about Americans’ views of the role of local journalists in Chapter 4.

Americans who feel a strong sense of connection to their community are more likely to engage with local news, say that local news outlets are important to the community, and rate local media more highly overall. For example, 66% of those who say they are very attached to their community say local news outlets are extremely or very important to the well-being of their local community, compared with 46% of those who are somewhat attached and 31% of those who are not very or not at all attached to their community.

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