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• 15 Latest Networking Research Topics for Students

Comparative analysis between snort and suricata IDS software(s)

Description of the topic

The main focus of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis between Snort and Suricata software to determine which IDS software can provide better performance. There are various IDS software(s) available that can be used by organizations but it is difficult to identify which one is best (Aldarwbi et al., 2022). Different organizational structures are often facing problems while setting up an IDS system which results in false positives and intrusions. Through this research, it can be identified which IDS software is better and what secure configuration is required to detect intrusions (Waleed et al., 2022).

Research objectives

• To evaluate Snort and Suricata IDS software(s) to determine the most optimal one.
• To identify the false positive rate of Snort and Suricata on the networked environment.

Research questions

RQ1: Which IDS software can perform better on the production network in terms of performance, security, scalability and reliability?

RQ2: What different ways can be followed to deal with false positive problems in IDS technology?

Research methodology

The given research objectives and research questions can be addressed using quantitative research methodology where an experimental approach can be followed. For the given topic, both Snort and Suricata IDS systems should be configured and tested against different attacks. Depending on the findings, it can be analyzed which IDS software can perform better in terms of performance and security (Shuai & Li, 2021).

• Aldarwbi, M.Y., Lashkari, A.H. and Ghorbani, A.A. (2022) “The sound of intrusion: A novel network intrusion detection system,” Computers and Electrical Engineering , 104, p. 108455.
• Shuai, L. and Li, S. (2021) “Performance optimization of Snort based on DPDK and Hyperscan,” Procedia Computer Science , 183, pp. 837-843.
• Waleed, A., Jamali, A.F. and Masood, A. (2022) “Which open-source ids? Snort, Suricata or Zeek,” Computer Networks , 213, p. 109116.

Role of honeypots and honey nets in network security

Network Security has become essential nowadays and there is a need for setting up robust mechanisms to maintain confidentiality and integrity (Feng et al., 2023). Due to the number of security mechanisms available, organizations found it hard to finalize and implement them on their network. For example, honey pots and honeynet approaches look almost the same and have the same purpose but work differently. Under this research topic, the configuration of honeynets and honeypots can be done to check which one can perform better security in terms of trapping cyber attackers. The entire implementation can be carried out in the cloud-based instance for improved security and it can be identified which type of honey pot technology must be preferred (Maesschalck et al., 2022).

• To set up a honey pot system using Open Canary on the virtual instance to protect against cyber attackers.
• To set up a honeynet system on the virtual instance to assure protection is provided against malicious attackers.
• To test honeypots and honeynets by executing DDoS attacks to check which can provide better security.

RQ1: Why is there a need for using honeypots over honey pots in a production networked environment?

RQ2: What are the differences between cloud-based and local honey pot systems for endpoint protection?

This research can be carried out using the quantitative method of research. At the initial stage, the implementation of honeypots and honeypots can be done on the virtual instance following different security rules. Once the rules are applied, the testing can be performed using a Kali Linux machine to check whether honey pots were effective or honeynets (Gill et al., 2020).

• Feng, H. et al. (2023) “Game theory in network security for Digital Twins in industry,” Digital Communications and Networks [Preprint].
• Gill, K.S., Saxena, S. and Sharma, A. (2020) “GTM-CSEC: A game theoretic model for cloud security based on ids and Honeypot,” Computers & Security , 92, p. 101732
• Maesschalck, S. et al. (2022) “Don’t get stung, cover your ICS in honey: How do honeypots fit within industrial control system security,” Computers & Security , 114, p. 102598.

How do malware variants are progressively improving?

This research can be based on evaluating how malware variants are progressively improving and what should be its state in the coming future. Malware is able to compromise confidential user’s information assets which is why this research can be based on identifying current and future consequences owing to its improvements (Deng et al., 2023). In this field, there is no research work that has been carried out to identify how malware variants are improving their working and what is expected to see in future. Once the evaluation is done, a clear analysis can also be done on some intelligent preventive measures to deal with dangerous malware variants and prevent any kind of technological exploitation (Tang et al., 2023).

• To investigate types of malware variants available to learn more about malware's hidden features.
• To focus on future implications of malware executable programs and how they can be avoided.
• To discuss intelligent solutions to deal with all malware variants.

RQ1: How do improvements in malware variants impact enterprises?

RQ2: What additional solutions are required to deal with malware variants?

In this research, qualitative analysis can be conducted on malware variants and the main reason behind their increasing severity. The entire research can be completed based on qualitative research methodology to answer defined research questions and objectives. Some real-life case studies should also be integrated into the research which can be supported by the selected topic (Saidia Fasci et al., 2023).

• Deng, H. et al. (2023) “MCTVD: A malware classification method based on three-channel visualization and deep learning,” Computers & Security , 126, p. 103084.
• Saidia Fasci, L. et al. (2023) “Disarming visualization-based approaches in malware detection systems,” Computers & Security , 126, p. 103062.
• Tang, Y. et al. (2023) “BHMDC: A byte and hex n-gram based malware detection and classification method,” Computers & Security , p. 103118.

Implementation of IoT - enabled smart office/home using cisco packet tracer

The Internet of Things has gained much more attention over the past few years which is why each enterprise and individual aims at setting up an IoT network to automate their processes (Barriga et al., 2023). This research can be based on designing and implementing an IoT-enabled smart home/office network using Cisco Packet Tracer software. Logical workspace, all network devices, including IoT devices can be used for preparing a logical network star topology (Elias & Ali, 2014). To achieve automation, the use of different IoT rules can be done to allow devices to work based on defined rules.

• To set up an IoT network on a logical workspace using Cisco Packet Tracer simulation software.
• To set up IoT-enabled rules on an IoT registration server to achieve automation (Hou et al., 2023).

RQ: Why is the Cisco packet tracer preferred for network simulation over other network simulators?

At the beginning of this research, a quantitative research methodology can be followed where proper experimental set-up can be done. As a packet tracer is to be used, the star topology can be used to interconnect IoT devices, sensors and other network devices at the home/office. Once a placement is done, the configuration should be done using optimal settings and all IoT devices can be connected to the registration server. This server will have IoT rules which can help in achieving automation by automatically turning off lights and fans when no motion is detected (Baggan et al., 2022).

• Baggan, V. et al. (2022) “A comprehensive analysis and experimental evaluation of Routing Information Protocol: An Elucidation,” Materials Today: Proceedings , 49, pp. 3040–3045.
• Barriga, J.A. et al. (2023) “Design, code generation and simulation of IOT environments with mobility devices by using model-driven development: Simulateiot-Mobile,” Pervasive and Mobile Computing , 89, p. 101751.
• Elias, M.S. and Ali, A.Z. (2014) “Survey on the challenges faced by the lecturers in using packet tracer simulation in computer networking course,” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 131, pp. 11–15.
• Hou, L. et al. (2023) “Block-HRG: Block-based differentially private IOT networks release,” Ad Hoc Networks , 140, p. 103059.

Comparative analysis between AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols in WSN networks

For wireless sensor networks (WSN), there is a major need for using WSN routing rather than performing normal routines. As WSN networks are self-configured, there is a need for an optimal routing protocol that can improve network performance in terms of latency, jitter, and packet loss (Luo et al., 2023). There are often various problems faced when WSN networks are set up due to a lack of proper routing protocol selection. As a result of this, severe downtime is faced and all links are not able to communicate with each other easily (Hemanand et al., 2023). In this research topic, the three most widely used WSN routing protocols AODV, DSDV and DSR can be compared based on network performance. To perform analysis, three different scenarios can be created in network simulator 2 (Ns2).

• To create three different scenarios on ns2 software to simulate a network for 1 to 100 seconds.
• To analyze which WSN routing is optimal in terms of network performance metrics, including latency, jitter and packet loss.
• To use CBR and NULL agents for all wireless scenarios to start with simulation purposes.

RQ: How do AODV, DSR and DSDV routing protocols differ from each other in terms of network performance?

This research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. The implementation for the provided research topic can be based on Ns2 simulation software where three different scenarios can be created (AODV, DSDV and DSR). For each scenario, NULL, CSR and UDP agents can be done to start with simulation for almost 1 to 100 seconds. For all transmissions made during the given time, network performance can be checked to determine which routing is best (Mohapatra & Kanungo, 2012).

• Human and, D. et al. (2023) “Analysis of power optimization and enhanced routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Measurement: Sensors , 25, p. 100610. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2022.100610.
• Luo, S., Lai, Y. and Liu, J. (2023) “Selective forwarding attack detection and network recovery mechanism based on cloud-edge cooperation in software-defined wireless sensor network,” Computers & Security , 126, p. 103083. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2022.103083.
• Mohapatra, S. and Kanungo, P. (2012) “Performance analysis of AODV, DSR, OLSR and DSDV routing protocols using NS2 Simulator,” Procedia Engineering , 30, pp. 69–76. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.835.

Securing wireless network using AAA authentication and WLAN controller

Wireless networks often face intrusion attempts due to insecure protocols and sometimes open SSIDs. As a result of this, man-in-the-middle and eavesdropping attacks become easier which results in the loss of confidential information assets (Sivasankari & Kamalakkannan, 2022). When it comes to managing networks in a large area, there are higher chances for attacks that enable cyber attackers in intercepting ongoing communication sessions. However, there is currently no research conducted where the use of AAA authentication has been done with WLAN controllers to make sure a higher level of protection is provided (Nashwan, 2021). The proposed research topic can be based on securing wireless networks with the help of AAA authentication and WLAN controllers. The use of AAA authentication can be done to set up a login portal for users whilst the WLAN controller can be used for managing all wireless access points connected to the network (Nashwan, 2021).

• To set up AAA authentication service on the wireless network simulated on Cisco Packet Tracer for proper access control.
• To set up a WLAN controller on the network to manage all wireless access points effortlessly.
• To use WPA2-PSK protocol on the network to assure guest users are only able to access wireless networks over a secure protocol.

RQ1: What additional benefits are offered by AAA authentication on the WLAN networks?

RQ2: Why are wireless networks more likely to face network intrusions than wired networks?

This research topic is based on the secure implementation of a wireless LAN network using a Cisco packet tracer. Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. The implementation can be carried out using AAA authentication which can assure that access control is applied for wireless logins. On the other hand, a WLAN controller can also be configured which can ensure that all WAPs are managed (ZHANG et al., 2012).

• Nashwan, S. (2021) “AAA-WSN: Anonymous Access Authentication Scheme for wireless sensor networks in Big Data Environment,” Egyptian Informatics Journal , 22(1), pp. 15–26.
• Sivasankari, N. and Kamalakkannan, S. (2022) “Detection and prevention of man-in-the-middle attack in IOT network using regression modeling,” Advances in Engineering Software , 169, p. 103126.
• ZHANG, J. et al. (2012) “AAA authentication for Network mobility,” The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications , 19(2), pp. 81-86.

OWASP's approach to secure web applications from web application exploits

The research can revolve around the development of web applications by considering OWASP's top 10 rules. Usually, web applications are deployed by organizations depending on their requirements and these applications are vulnerable to various exploits, including injection, broken authentication and other forgery attacks (Poston, 2020). Identifying every single vulnerability is difficult when reference is not taken and often organizations end up hosting a vulnerable server that leads to privacy issues and compromises confidential information easily. In this research, OWASP's top 10 approaches can be followed to develop a secure web application that can be able to protect against top web application exploits. This approach is based on emphasizing severe and minor vulnerabilities which must be patched for protecting against web application attacks (Deepa & Thilagam, 2016).

• The first objective can be setting up an insecure web application on the cloud environment which can be exploited with different techniques.
• The second objective can be to consider all techniques and procedures provided by OWASP's top 10 methodologies.
• The last objective can be applying all fixes to insecure web applications to make them resistant to OWASP top 10 attacks (Sonmez, 2019).

RQ1: What are the benefits of using OWASP's top 10 approaches to harden web applications in comparison to other security approaches?

The research methodology considered for this research project can be quantitative using an experimental approach. The practical work can be done for the selected topic using AWS or the Azure cloud platform. Simply, a virtual web server can be configured and set up with a secure and insecure web application. Following OWASP's top 10 techniques and procedures, the web application can be secured from possible attacks. In addition, insecure applications can also be exploited and results can be evaluated (Applebaum et al., 2021).

• Applebaum, S., Gaber, T. and Ahmed, A. (2021) “Signature-based and machine-learning-based web application firewalls: A short survey,” Procedia Computer Science , 189, pp. 359–367. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.05.105.
• Deepa, G. and Thilagam, P.S. (2016) “Securing web applications from injection and logic vulnerabilities: Approaches and challenges,” Information and Software Technology , 74, pp. 160–180. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2016.02.005.
• Poston, H. (2020) “Mapping the owasp top Ten to the blockchain,” Procedia Computer Science , 177, pp. 613-617. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.10.087.
• Sonmez, F.Ö. (2019) “Security qualitative metrics for Open Web Application Security Project Compliance,” Procedia Computer Science , 151, pp. 998-1003. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.04.140.

Importance of configuring RADIUS (AAA) server on the network

User authentication has become significant nowadays as it guarantees that a legitimate user is accessing the network. But a problem is faced when a particular security control is to be identified for authentication and authorization. These controls can be categorized based on mandatory access controls, role-based access control, setting up captive portals and many more. Despite several other security controls, one of the most efficient ones is the RADIUS server (SONG et al., 2008). This server can authenticate users on the network to make sure network resources are accessible to only legal users. This research topic can be based on understanding the importance of RADIUS servers on the network which can also be demonstrated with the help of the Cisco Packet Tracer. A network can be designed and equipped with a RADIUS server to ensure only legal users can access network resources (WANG et al., 2009).

• To configure RADIUS (AAA) server on the network which can be able to authenticate users who try to access network resources.
• To simulate a network on a packet tracer simulation software and verify network connectivity.

RQ1: What are other alternatives to RADIUS (AAA) authentication servers for network security?

RQ2: What are the common and similarities between RADIUS and TACACS+ servers?

As a logical network is to be designed and configured, a quantitative research methodology can be followed. In this research coursework, a secure network design can be done using a packet tracer network simulator, including a RADIUS server along with the DMZ area. The configuration for the RADIUS server can be done to allow users to only access network resources by authenticating and authorizing (Nugroho et al., 2022).

• Nugroho, Y.S. et al. (2022) “Dataset of network simulator related-question posts in stack overflow,” Data in Brief , 41, p. 107942.
• SONG, M., WANG, L. and SONG, J.-de (2008) “A secure fast handover scheme based on AAA protocol in Mobile IPv6 Networks,” The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications , 15, pp. 14-18.
• WANG, L. et al. (2009) “A novel congestion control model for interworking AAA in heterogeneous networks,” The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications , 16, pp. 97-101.

Comparing mod security and pF sense firewall to block illegitimate traffic

Firewalls are primarily used for endpoint security due to their advanced features ranging from blocking to IDS capabilities and many more. It is sometimes challenging to identify which type of firewall is best and due to this reason, agencies end up setting up misconfigured firewalls (Tiwari et al., 2022). This further results in a cyber breach, destroying all business operations. The research can be emphasizing conducting a comparison between the two most widely used firewalls i.e. Mod Security and pF sense. Using a virtualized environment, both firewalls can be configured and tested concerning possible cyber-attacks (Lu & Yang, 2020).

• To use the local environment to set up Mod security and pF sense firewall with appropriate access control rules.
• To test both firewalls by executing distributed denial of service attacks from a remote location.
• To compare which type of firewall can provide improved performance and robust security.

RQ: How do Mod security and pF sense differ from each other in terms of features and performance?

The practical experimentation for both firewalls can be done using a virtualized environment where two different machines can be created. Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method . The first machine can have Mod security and the second machine can have pF sense configured. A new subnet can be created which can have these two machines. The third machine can be an attacking machine which can be used for testing firewalls. The results obtained can be then evaluated to identify which firewall is best for providing security (Uçtu et al., 2021).

• Lu, N. and Yang, Y. (2020) “Application of evolutionary algorithm in performance optimization of Embedded Network Firewall,” Microprocessors and Microsystems , 76, p. 103087.
• Tiwari, A., Papini, S. and Hemamalini, V. (2022) “An enhanced optimization of parallel firewalls filtering rules for scalable high-speed networks,” Materials Today: Proceedings , 62, pp. 4800-4805.
• Uçtu, G. et al. (2021) “A suggested testbed to evaluate multicast network and threat prevention performance of Next Generation Firewalls,” Future Generation Computer Systems , 124, pp. 56-67.

Conducting a comprehensive investigation on the PETYA malware

The main purpose of this research is to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the PETYA malware variant (McIntosh et al., 2021). PETYA often falls under the category of ransomware attacks which not only corrupt and encrypt files but can compromise confidential information easily. Along with PETYA, there are other variants also which lead to a security outage and organizations are not able to detect these variants due to a lack of proper detection capabilities (Singh & Singh, 2021). In this research, a comprehensive analysis has been done on PETYA malware to identify its working and severity level. Depending upon possible causes of infection of PETYA malware, some proactive techniques can also be discussed (Singh & Singh, 2021). A separation discussion can also be made on other malware variants, their features, and many more.

• The main objective of this research is to scrutinize the working of PETYA malware because a ransomware attack can impact the micro and macro environment of the organizations severely.
• The working of PETYA malware along with its source code can be reviewed to identify its structure and encryption type.
• To list all possible CVE IDs which are exploited by the PETYA malware.

RQ1: How dangerous is PETYA malware in comparison to other ransomware malware?

This research can be based on qualitative research methodology to evaluate the working of PETYA malware from various aspects, the methodology followed and what are its implications. The research can be initiated by evaluating the working of PETYA malware, how it is triggered, what encryption is applied and other factors. A sample source code can also be analyzed to learn more about how cryptography is used with ransomware (Abijah Roseline & Geetha, 2021).

• Abijah Roseline, S. and Geetha, S. (2021) “A comprehensive survey of tools and techniques mitigating computer and mobile malware attacks,” Computers & Electrical Engineering , 92, p. 107143.
• McIntosh, T. et al. (2021) “Enforcing situation-aware access control to build malware-resilient file systems,” Future Generation Computer Systems , 115, pp. 568-582.
• Singh, J. and Singh, J. (2021) “A survey on machine learning-based malware detection in executable files,” Journal of Systems Architecture , 112, p. 101861.

Setting up a Live streaming server on the cloud platform

Nowadays, various organizations require a live streaming server to stream content depending upon their business. However, due to a lack of proper hardware, organizations are likely to face high network congestion, slowness and other problems (Ji et al., 2023). Referring to the recent cases, it has been observed that setting up a streaming server on the local environment is not expected to perform better than a cloud-based streaming server configuration (Martins et al., 2019). This particular research topic can be based on setting up a live streaming server on the AWS or Azure cloud platform to make sure high network bandwidth is provided with decreased latency. The research gap analysis would be conducted to analyze the performance of live streaming servers on local and cloud environments in terms of network performance metrics (Bilal et al., 2018).

• To set up a live streaming server on the AWS or Azure cloud platform to provide live streaming services.
• To use load balancers alongside streaming servers to ensure the load is balanced and scalability is achieved.
• To use Wireshark software to test network performance during live streaming.

RQ1: Why are in-house streaming servers not able to provide improved performance in comparison to cloud-based servers?

RQ2: What additional services are provided by cloud service providers which help in maintaining network performance?

The implementation is expected to carry out on the AWS cloud platform with other AWS services i.e. load balancer, private subnet and many more (Efthymiopoulou et al., 2017). Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. The configuration of ec2 instances can be done which can act as a streaming server for streaming media and games. For testing this project, the use of OBS studio can be done which can help in checking whether streaming is enabled or not. For network performance, Wireshark can be used for testing network performance (George et al., 2020).

• Bilal, KErbad, A. and Hefeeda, M. (2018) “QoE-aware distributed cloud-based live streaming of multi-sourced Multiview Videos,” Journal of Network and Computer Applications , 120, pp. 130-144.
• Efthymiopoulou, M. et al. (2017) “Robust control in cloud-assisted peer-to-peer live streaming systems,” Pervasive and Mobile Computing , 42, pp. 426-443.
• George, L.C. et al. (2020) “Usage visualization for the AWS services,” Procedia Computer Science , 176, pp. 3710–3717.
• Ji, X. et al. (2023) “Adaptive QoS-aware multipath congestion control for live streaming,” Computer Networks , 220, p. 109470.
• Martins, R. et al. (2019) “Iris: Secure reliable live-streaming with Opportunistic Mobile Edge Cloud offloading,” Future Generation Computer Systems , 101, pp. 272-292.

Significance of using OSINT framework for Network reconnaissance

Network reconnaissance is becoming important day by day when it comes to penetration testing. Almost all white hat hackers are dependent on the OSINT framework to start with network reconnaissance and footprinting when it comes to evaluating organizational infrastructure. On the other hand, cyber attackers are also using this technique to start fetching information about their target. Currently, there is no investigation carried out to identify how effective the OSINT framework is over traditional reconnaissance activities (Liu et al., 2022). This research is focused on using OSINT techniques to analyze victims using different sets of tools like Maltego, email analysis and many other techniques. The analysis can be based on fetching sensitive information about the target which can be used for conducting illegal activities (Abdullah, 2019).

• To use Maltego software to conduct network reconnaissance on the target by fetching sensitive information.
• To compare the OSINT framework with other techniques to analyze why it performs well.

RQ1: What is the significance of using the OSINT framework in conducting network reconnaissance?

RQ2: How can the OSINT framework be used by cyber hackers for conducting illegitimate activities?

The OSINT framework is easily accessible on its official website where different search options are given. Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. Depending upon the selected target, each option can be selected and tools can be shortlisted for final implementation. Once the tools are shortlisted, they can be used to conduct network reconnaissance (González-Granadillo et al., 2021). For example, Maltego can be used as it is a powerful software to fetch information about the target.

• Abdullah, S.A. (2019) “Seui-64, bits an IPv6 addressing strategy to mitigate reconnaissance attacks,” Engineering Science and Technology , an International Journal, 22(2), pp. 667–672.
• Gonzalez-Granadillo, G. et al. (2021) “ETIP: An enriched threat intelligence platform for improving OSINT correlation, analysis, visualization and sharing capabilities,” Journal of Information Security and Applications , 58, p. 102715.
• Liu, W. et al. (2022) “A hybrid optimization framework for UAV Reconnaissance Mission Planning,” Computers & Industrial Engineering , 173, p. 108653.

Wired and wireless network hardening in cisco packet tracer

At present, network security has become essential and if enterprises are not paying attention to the security infrastructure, there are several chances for cyber breaches. To overcome all these issues, there is a need for setting up secure wired and wireless networks following different techniques such as filtered ports, firewalls, VLANs and other security mechanisms. For the practical part, the use of packet tracer software can be done to design and implement a highly secure network (Sun, 2022).

• To use packet tracer simulation software to set up secure wired and wireless networks.
• Use different hardening techniques, including access control rules, port filtering, enabling passwords and many more to assure only authorized users can access the network (Zhang et al., 2012).

RQ: Why is there a need for emphasizing wired and wireless network security?

Following the quantitative approach, the proposed research topic implementation can be performed in Cisco Packet Tracer simulation software. Several devices such as routers, switches, firewalls, wireless access points, hosts and workstations can be configured and interconnected using Cat 6 e cabling. For security, every device can be checked and secure design principles can be followed like access control rules, disabled open ports, passwords, encryption and many more (Smith & Hasan, 2020).

• Smith, J.D. and Hasan, M. (2020) “Quantitative approaches for the evaluation of Implementation Research Studies,” Psychiatry Research , 283, p. 112521.
• Sun, J. (2022) “Computer Network Security Technology and prevention strategy analysis,” Procedia Computer Science , 208, pp. 570–576.
• Zhang, YLiang, R. and Ma, H. (2012) “Teaching innovation in computer network course for undergraduate students with a packet tracer,” IERI Procedia , 2, pp. 504–510.

Different Preemptive ways to resist spear phishing attacks

When it comes to social engineering, phishing attacks are rising and are becoming one of the most common ethical issues as it is one of the easiest ways to trick victims into stealing information. This research topic is based on following different proactive techniques which would help in resisting spear phishing attacks (Xu et al., 2023). This can be achieved by using the Go-Phish filter on the machine which can automatically detect and alert users as soon as the phished URL is detected. It can be performed on the cloud platform where the apache2 server can be configured along with an anti-phishing filter to protect against phishing attacks (Yoo & Cho, 2022).

• To set up a virtual instance on the cloud platform with an apache2 server and anti-phishing software to detect possible phishing attacks.
• To research spear phishing and other types of phishing attacks that can be faced by victims (Al-Hamar et al., 2021).

RQ1: Are phishing attacks growing just like other cyber-attacks?

RQ2: How effective are anti-phishing filters in comparison to cyber awareness sessions?

The entire research can be conducted by adhering to quantitative research methodology which helps in justifying all research objectives and questions. The implementation of the anti-phishing filter can be done by creating a virtual instance on the cloud platform which can be configured with an anti-phishing filter. Along with this, some phishing attempts can also be performed to check whether the filter works or not (Siddiqui et al., 2022).

• Al-Hamar, Y. et al. (2021) “Enterprise credential spear-phishing attack detection,” Computers & Electrical Engineering , 94, p. 107363.
• Siddiqui, N. et al. (2022) “A comparative analysis of US and Indian laws against phishing attacks,” Materials Today: Proceedings , 49, pp. 3646–3649.
• Xu, T., Singh, K. and Rajivan, P. (2023) “Personalized persuasion: Quantifying susceptibility to information exploitation in spear-phishing attacks,” Applied Ergonomics , 108, p. 103908.
• Yoo, J. and Cho, Y. (2022) “ICSA: Intelligent chatbot security assistant using text-CNN and multi-phase real-time defense against SNS phishing attacks,” Expert Systems with Applications , 207, p. 117893.

Evaluating the effectiveness of distributed denial of service attacks

The given research topic is based on evaluating the effectiveness of distributed denial of service attacks on cloud and local environments. Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. Cyber attackers find DDoS as one of the most dangerous technological exploitation when it comes to impacting network availability (Krishna Kishore et al., 2023). This research can revolve around scrutinizing the impact of DDoS attacks on the local environment and cloud environment. This can be done by executing DDoS attacks on a simulated environment using hoping or other software(s) to check where it has a higher magnitude (de Neira et al., 2023).

• To set up a server on the local and cloud environment to target using DDoS attacks for checking which had experienced slowness.
• To determine types of DDoS attack types, their magnitude and possible mitigation techniques.

RQ: Why do DDoS attacks have dynamic nature and how is it likely to sternly impact victims?

The experimentation for this research can be executed by creating a server on the local and cloud environment. Hence, this research can be carried out using a quantitative research method. These servers can be set up as web servers using apache 2 service. On the other hand, a Kali Linux machine can be configured with DDoS execution software. Each server can be targeted with DDoS attacks to check its effectiveness (Benlloch-Caballero et al., 2023).

• Benlloch-Caballero, P., Wang, Q. and Alcaraz Calero, J.M. (2023) “Distributed dual-layer autonomous closed loops for self-protection of 5G/6G IOT networks from distributed denial of service attacks,” Computer Networks , 222, p. 109526.
• de Neira, A.B., Kantarci, B. and Nogueira, M. (2023) “Distributed denial of service attack prediction: Challenges, open issues and opportunities,” Computer Networks , 222, p. 109553.
• Krishna Kishore, P., Ramamoorthy, S. and Rajavarman, V.N. (2023) “ARTP: Anomaly-based real time prevention of distributed denial of service attacks on the web using machine learning approach,” International Journal of Intelligent Networks , 4, pp. 38–45.

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Newest AI Research Topics

Research in every field is becoming more and more essential because of constant developments around the world. Similar is the case in the field of networking. This is the reason; students who are preparing to master the field of networking need to keep their knowledge of the current state of the art in the field up to date.

However, choosing the right research topic often becomes a tough task for students to carry out their research effectively. That being the case, this list contains 15 latest research topics in the field of networking. Whether you are a seasoned researcher or just starting, this list can provide you with ample inspiration and guidance to drive your research forward in the dynamic and evolving field of Networking.

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Network Science (2005)

Chapter: 8 conclusions and recommendations, 8 conclusions and recommendations.

In this chapter the committee combines its findings into conclusions and offers recommendations. First, it collects the factual findings presented in Chapters 2 - 7 into three overarching conclusions concerning the importance of networks and the current state of knowledge about them. Next, it articulates specific conclusions that are directly responsive to Items 1 through 3 of the statement of task. Finally, in response to Item 4, the committee provides its recommendations, including for research initiatives. Box 8-1 summarizes how the report responds to the statement of task.

OVERARCHING CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion 1. Networks are pervasive in all aspects of life: biological, physical, and social. They are indispensable to the workings of a global economy and to the defense of the United States against both conventional military threats and the threat of terrorism.

Conclusion 1 was developed in Chapters 2 and 3 and summarized in Tables 2-1 , 2-2 , and 3-1 and the discussions surrounding them. It sets the stage for the committee’s inquiry into the state of knowledge about these networks.

Conclusion 2. Fundamental knowledge about the prediction of the properties of complex networks is primitive.

Given the pervasiveness and vital importance of networks, one might assume that a lot is known about them. As documented in Chapters 5 and 6 , however, this is not the case. Although the technology for constructing and operating engineered physical networks is sophisticated, critical questions about their robustness, stability, scaling, and performance cannot be answered with confidence without extensive simulation and testing. For large global networks, even simulations are often inadequate. The design and operation of network components (such things as computers, routers, or radios) are based on fundamental knowledge gleaned from physics, chemistry, and materials science. However, there is no comparable fundamental knowledge that allows the a priori prediction of the properties of complex assemblies of these components into networks. Indeed, such networks are expected to exhibit emergent behaviors—that is, behaviors that cannot be predicted or anticipated from the known behaviors of their components. In the case of social and biological networks, even the properties of the components are poorly known. A huge gap exists between the demand for knowledge about the networks on which our lives depend and the availability of that knowledge.

The committee learned that developing predictive models of the behavior of large, complex networks is difficult. There are relatively few rigorous results to describe the scaling of their behaviors with increasing size. Surprisingly, this is true for common engineered networks like the Internet as well as for social and biological networks.

Simulation rather than analysis is the research tool of choice. In the case of social networks, even simulation is vastly complicated by the diversity and complexity of the agents that are the nodes of the networks—humans or groups of humans “in the wild.” Which of their many properties are relevant for developing mathematical models of a particular phenomenon? Existing models of social networks, moreover, represent highly simplified situations and not necessarily ones that are relevant to the Army or network-centric warfare.

Finally, the notion of using network models in biology is relatively new. Controversy swirls around their utility, indeed around that of systems biology itself. In spite of a burgeoning literature on the structure of simple networks, the advancement of the field to allow relating basic scientific results to applications of societal and military interest still lies mostly in the future.

Conclusion 3. Current funding policies and priorities are unlikely to provide adequate fundamental knowledge about large complex networks.

Fundamental knowledge is created and stockpiled in disciplinary environments, mostly at universities, and then used as required by (vertically integrated) industries to provide the products and services required by customers, including the military. This fundamental knowledge is different in kind from empirical knowledge gleaned during the development of technology and products. You get what you measure. Suppliers of fundamental knowledge measure publications, presentations, students supervised, awards received, and other metrics associated with individual investigators. The knowledge accumulates along traditional disciplinary lines because this is where the rewards are found. Large team activities are

relatively rare (except in medicine and large-scale physics experiments) and are mostly left to the consumers of the fundamental knowledge, who must supplement the fundamental knowledge generously with empirical knowledge to convert it into the goods and services desired by the paying customer.

This scheme worked marvelously for more than a half a century, when the United States dominated the world and industries were vertically integrated. With the onset of the global economy in the 1990s, however, the situation began to change dramatically, for a number of reasons. First, knowledge, investment capital, technology, and technical labor are becoming globally available commodities. Second, economic activity, including R&D, is becoming global in scale. Third, these two trends are making the networks on which we depend ever larger and more complex and their susceptibility to disruption ever greater.

This traditional scheme does not work well for generating knowledge about global networks, because focused, coordinated efforts are needed. Thus, there is a huge difference between the social and financial arrangements needed to gain fundamental knowledge about large, complex networks in a global environment and the arrangements that worked so well to provide such knowledge for the design and production of smaller, less complex entities in a national environment. Any successful effort to create the knowledge necessary to secure robust, reliable scalable global networks must come to grips with this reality.

Overall, the committee is led to a view of networks as pervasive in and vital to modern society, yet understood only as well as the solar system was understood in Ptolemy’s time. The military has made networks the centerpiece of its transformation effort without a methodology to design networks in the physical and information domains in a predictive way for network-centric operations (NCO). Further, according to the DOD Office of Force Transformation, research in the cognitive and social domains has yet to yield advances comparable to the technological developments in the information domain. At the same time, current efforts by academia to describe networks are fragmented and disjointed. Relatively little of the current research on networks promises to create a science of networks that will generate knowledge adequate to meet the demand.

In short, there is a massive disconnect between the importance of networks in modern society and military affairs on the one hand and, on the other, the support of coherent R&D activities that would raise current network technologies and capabilities to the next level. The Army alone cannot transform this situation, but it can make a beginning.

SPECIFIC CONCLUSIONS

Items 1 and 2 in the statement of task inquire into the appropriateness of a field of investigation called network science and its definition, content, and the research challenges that would characterize it. Elements of a field of network science have begun to emerge in different disciplines spanning engineering, biological, and social networks. The emerging field is concerned with the development and analysis of network representations to create predictive models of observed physical, biological, and social phenomena.

The remarkable diversity and pervasiveness of network ideas renders the study of network science a highly leveraged topic for both civilian and military investment. The provisional consensus around its core content clearly defines the notion of network science. By making an investment in network science, the Army could forge a single approach to a diverse collection of applications.

Conclusion 4. Network science is an emerging field of investigation whose support will address important societal problems, including the Army’s pursuit of network-centric operations capabilities.

Although the boundaries of network science are fuzzy, there is broad agreement on key topics that should be included within the field, the types of tools that must be developed, and the research challenges that should be investigated. These were documented in Chapters 3 and 4 .

Conclusion 5. There is a consensus among the practitioners of research on networks for physical, biological, social, and information applications on the topics that make up network science.

Responses to its questionnaire greatly assisted the committee in determining “the key research challenges to enable progress in network science.” These responses establish that there is a fair degree of consensus on these challenges across practitioners in diverse applications areas.

Conclusion 6. There are seven major research challenges the surmounting of which will enable progress in network science:

Dynamics, spatial location, and information propagation in networks. Better understanding of the relationship between the architecture of a network and its function is needed.

Modeling and analysis of very large networks. Tools, abstractions, and approximations are needed that allow reasoning about large-scale networks, as well as techniques for modeling networks characterized by noisy and incomplete data.

Design and synthesis of networks. Techniques are needed to design or modify a network to obtain desired properties.

Increasing the level of rigor and mathematical structure. Many of the respondents to the questionnaire felt that the current state of the art in network

science did not have an appropriately rigorous mathematical basis.

Abstracting common concepts across fields. The disparate disciplines need common concepts defined across network science.

Better experiments and measurements of network structure. Current data sets on large-scale networks tend to be sparse, and tools for investigating their structure and function are limited.

Robustness and security of networks. Finally, there is a clear need to better understand and design networked systems that are both robust to variations in the components (including localized failures) and secure against hostile intent.

These challenges are elaborated in terms of specific research issues and their theoretical, experimental, and practical difficulties in Chapter 7 and Appendix E within the framework of exploring various investment scenarios. The scenarios respond to Item 3 in the statement of task.

Although all the military services have a vision of the future in which engineered communications networks play a fundamental role, there is no methodology for ensuring that these networks are scalable, reliable, robust, and secure. Of particular importance is the ability to design networks whose behaviors are predictable in their intended domains of applications. This also is true in the commercial sphere. Creation of such a methodology is an especially pressing task because global commercial networks can also be exploited by criminal and terrorist social networks.

Conclusion 7. The high value attached to the efficient and failure-free operation of global engineered networks makes their design, scaling, and operation a national priority.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The statement of task requests investment recommendations from the committee. Options for these recommendations are explored in Chapter 7 and Appendix E . The committee documents in Chapters 2 and 3 that the impact of networks on society transcends their impact on military applications, although both are vital aspects of the total picture. Chapters 3 and 4 explain that the current state of knowledge about networks does not support the design and operation of complex global networks for current military, political, and economic applications. Advances in network science are essential to developing adequate knowledge for these applications.

Recommendation 1. The federal government should initiate a focused program of research and development to close the gap between currently available knowledge about networks and the knowledge required to characterize and sustain the complex global networks on which the well-being of the United States has come to depend.

This recommendation is buttressed by centuries of evidence that disruptive social networks (e.g., terrorists, criminals) learn to exploit evolving infrastructure networks (e.g., communications or transportation) in ways that the creators of these networks did not anticipate. The global war on terrorism, which is a main driver of military transformation, is only one recent manifestation of this general pattern. Society has the same need in other areas, such as control of criminal activities perpetrated using the global airline and information infrastructures. Addressing problems resulting from the interaction of social and engineered networks is an example of a compelling national issue that transcends the transformation of the military and that is largely untouched by current research on networks.

Within this broad context, Recommendations 1a, 1b, and 1c provide the Army with three options:

Recommendation 1a. The Army, in coordination with other federal agencies, should underwrite a broad network research initiative that includes substantial resources for both military and nonmilitary applications that would address military, economic, criminal, and terrorist threats.

The Army can lead the country in creating a base of network knowledge that can support applications for both the Army and the country at large. Maximum impact could be obtained by a coordinated effort across a variety of federal agencies, including the DOD and the Department of Homeland Security, to create a focused national program of network research that would develop applications to support not only NCO but also countermeasures against international terrorist and criminal threats.

Alternatively, if the Army is restricted to working just with the DOD, it should initiate a focused program to create an achievable vision of NCO capabilities across all the services.

Recommendation 1b. If the Army wants to exploit fully applications in the information domain for military operations in a reasonable time frame and at an affordable cost, it should champion the initiation of a high-priority, focused DOD effort to create a realizable vision of the associated capabilities and to lay out a trajectory for its realization.

Finally, if the Army elects to apply the insight from the committee primarily to its own operations, it can still provide leadership in network science research.

TABLE 8-1 Network Research Areas

Recommendation 1c. The Army should support an aggressive program of both basic and applied research to improve its NCO capabilities.

Specific areas of research of interest to the Army are shown in Table 8-1 . This table expresses the committee’s assessment of the relative priorities for these areas, the time frames in which one might reasonably expect them to be consummated as actionable technology investment options, and the degree of commercial interest in exploiting promising options. Specific research problems and sample projects are given in Appendix E . The committee notes that both trained personnel and promising research problems exist in many of these areas, so the Army should be able to create a productive program readily.

By selecting from among Recommendations 1a through 1c an option that is ambitious yet achievable, the Army can lead the country in creating a base of knowledge emanating from network science that is adequate to support applications on which both the Army and the country at large depend. Regardless of which option (or options) are adopted, Army initiatives in network science should be grounded in basic research.

Recommendation 1d. The initiatives recommended in 1, 1a, 1b, and 1c should include not only theoretical studies but also the experimental testing of new ideas in settings sufficiently realistic to verify or disprove their use for intended applications.

Recommendations 1, 1a, 1b, and 1c span only part of the investment opportunity space—namely, those segments of the space described in Scenarios 2 and 3 in Chapter 7 and Appendix E . They will involve substantial changes in how the Army invests its R&D dollars and in how it plans and manages these investments.

The Army also has the opportunity associated with Scenario 1 in Chapter 7 , which involves funding a small program of basic research in network science. This investment of relatively small amounts of Army risk capital funds would create a base of knowledge and personnel from which the Army could launch an attack on practical problems that arise as it tries to provide NCO capabilities.

Investments in basic (6.1) research in network science can generate significant value; however, the committee wants to be crystal clear that such investments have no immediate prospects of impacting the design, testing, evaluation, or sourcing of NCO capabilities. They would create additional knowledge that builds the core content of network science, and they would train researchers who could also be recruited by the Army for later efforts. While the knowledge generated would probably be less valuable than in the case

of Scenarios 2 and 3, the cost is less and implementation can be immediate.

If the Army elects to exploit Scenario 1, the committee offers the following two further recommendations:

Recommendation 2. The Army should make a modest investment of at least $10 million per year to support a diverse portfolio of basic (6.1) network research that promises high leverage for the dollars invested and is clearly different from existing investments by other federal agencies like the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Department of Energy (DOE), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

This modest level of investment is compatible with the Army’s current R&D portfolio. There is an adequate supply of promising research topics and talented researchers to make this investment productive. Additionally, it can be implemented within the Army’s current R&D management work processes, although some enhancements along the lines noted in Chapter 7 and Appendix E would improve the return on this investment.

To identify the topics in basic network science research that would bring the most value to NCO, the committee recalls that the open system architectures for computer networks consist of layers, each of which performs a special function regarded as a “service” by the layers above. It is useful to distinguish among the lower (physical and transport) layers of this architecture, the higher (applications) layers that are built on top of them to offer services to the people, and the cognitive and social networks that are built higher still, on top of the services-to-humans layers.

Research on the lower layers of the network architecture is relatively mature. Improving the services offered at these levels is more of an engineering problem than one requiring basic research. The most immediate payoffs from network science are likely to result from research associated with the upper levels of the network architecture and the social networks that are built at an even higher level upon their outputs. This is where the committee thinks that Army investments are most likely to create the greatest value.

An area of particular promise that has little or no current investment is the social implications of NCO for the organizational structure and command and control. Basic research could provide valuable insight into how military personnel use advanced information exchange capabilities to improve combat effectiveness. For example, one might study how troops in combat could use these capabilities to make better decisions. Additional basic research in the core content of network science might help to determine how the Army can most productively utilize the capabilities of its advanced information infrastructure.

Recommendation 3. The Army should fund a basic research program to explore the interaction between information networks and the social networks that utilize them.

The Army can implement Recommendations 2 and 3 within the confines of its present policies and procedures. They require neither substantial replanning nor the orchestration of joint Army/university/industry research projects. They create significant value and are actionable immediately.

The committee’s Recommendations 1, 1a through 1d, 2, and 3 give the Army an actionable menu of options that span the opportunity space available. By selecting and implementing appropriate items from this menu, the Army can develop a robust network science to “enable progress toward achieving Network-Centric Warfare capabilities,” as requested in the statement of task.

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The military is currently attempting to develop itself into a force capable of networkcentric operations. While this effort has highlighted the military’s dependence on interacting networks, it has also shown that there is a huge gap between what we need to know about networks and our fundamental knowledge about network behavior. This gap makes the military vision of NCO problematic. To help address this problem, the Army asked the NRC to find out whether identifying and funding a new field of “network science” could help close this gap. This report presents an examination of networks andthe military, an analysis of the promise, content, and challenges of network science, and an assessment of approaches to creating value from network science.

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Networking is central to modern computing, from WANs connecting cell phones to massive data stores, to the data-center interconnects that deliver seamless storage and fine-grained distributed computing. Because our distributed computing infrastructure is a key differentiator for the company, Google has long focused on building network infrastructure to support our scale, availability, and performance needs, and to apply our expertise and infrastructure to solve similar problems for Cloud customers. Our research combines building and deploying novel networking systems at unprecedented scale, with recent work focusing on fundamental questions around data center architecture, cloud virtual networking, and wide-area network interconnects. We helped pioneer the use of Software Defined Networking, the application of ML to networking, and the development of large-scale management infrastructure including telemetry systems. We are also addressing congestion control and bandwidth management, capacity planning, and designing networks to meet traffic demands. We build cross-layer systems to ensure high network availability and reliability. By publishing our findings at premier research venues, we continue to engage both academic and industrial partners to further the state of the art in networked systems.

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7 really cool network and IT research projects

Mobile app privacy, quantum computing and hacker-thwarting code randomization among serious research topics at schools like carnegie mellon, princeton and mit.

Researchers at top universities, backed by funding from federal and other outfits, are pumping out loads of research on network security, wireless networking and more. Here’s a recap of 7 impressive projects from recent months.

1. Not that you trust mobile apps in the first place…

Carnegie Mellon University researchers took a deep dive into about 18,000 popular free apps on the Google Play store and found that not only about half of them lacked a privacy policy but a good number of those that have policies aren’t adhering to them.

As many as 4 in 10 apps with policies could be collecting location information and nearly 1 in 5 could be sharing that data without getting your permission to do so, 

Such applications could be violating various laws, such as the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act and California Online Privacy Protection Act. 

“Overall, each app appears to exhibit a mean of 1.83 possible inconsistencies and that’s a huge number,” said Norman Sadeh, professor of computer science in CMU’s Institute for Software Research, in a statement .

Sebastian Zimmeck, a post-doctoral associate who designed and implemented an automated system with Sadeh that uses natural language processing and machine learning to sniff out mobile app policy inconsistencies, presented findings late in 2016 . Sadeh’s group is working with the California Office of the Attorney General to apply the system as a way to determine adherence of apps to state privacy law. 

The NSF, DARPA and Air Force Research Laboratory supported this work. In addition to CMU researchers, work on the project came from those at Columbia University, Washington University of St. Louis and Fordham University Law School.

2. When electrons talk with photons…

Princeton University and HRL Laboratories researchers worked for more than 5 years to develop a method for enabling a single electron to pass information to a photon, a breakthrough that could speed the way to silicon-based quantum computers that can make much more sophisticated calculations than traditional systems. 

“Just like in human interactions, to have good communication a number of things need to work out — it helps to speak the same language and so forth,” said Jason Petta, a Princeton professor of physics, in a statement  (he’s shown in the photo above, with physics graduate students David Zajac and Xiao Mi). “We are able to bring the energy of the electronic state into resonance with the light particle, so that the two can talk to each other.”

What’s more, the researchers’ advanced circuit design could pave the way for communicating between the qubits at the heart of a quantum computer even when they are all the way across a chip from one another (that’s pretty far when you’re talking about things this size).  Qubits can be in a state of 0, 1 or a combination of the two, and that’s what gives them their superpowers. 

The team’s research has been published in the journal Science ( “Strong coupling of a single electron in silicon to a microwave photon” ). 

Funding came from the Army Research Office, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the National Science Foundation. The material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Defense. 

3. MIT’s MegaMIMO 2.0: Tripling wireless speeds

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL) researchers are doing something about the wireless spectrum crunch and it’s called MegaMIMO 2.0 .

The signal-processing algorithms developed (as described in the paper “Real Time Distributed MIMO Systems” ) coordinate transmitters on wireless routers by synchronizing their phases, and that enables the devices to work on the same frequency without causing interference. Researchers say MegaMIMO 2.0 can transfer wireless data more than three times faster than existing systems and also double the signal’s range. They say it could be particularly useful at crowded events such as concerts, conventions and sports events. They also say it’s not far off from being commercialized.

“In today’s wireless world, you can’t solve spectrum crunch by throwing more transmitters at the problem, because they will all still be interfering with one another,” says Ezzeldin Hamed, a PhD student who is lead author on the paper, in a statement . “The answer is to have all those access points work with each other simultaneously to efficiently use the available spectrum.”

The researchers are working to expand their technology for use beyond Wi-Fi networks by including cellular ones, too.

The work was funded by the NSF and supported by members of the MIT Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing.

4-5-6. Mixing up would-be attackers

Ivy League researchers have created a program called Shuffler that enables software to scramble its code as it runs, making it crazy difficult for attackers to exploit bugs that inevitably pop up. It goes beyond basic code-scrambling schemes, like the address space layout randomization (ASLR) approach taken by many operating systems for years.

“Shuffler makes it nearly impossible to turn a bug into a functioning attack, defending software developers from their mistakes,” said the study’s lead author, David Williams-King, a graduate student at Columbia Engineering, in a statement on Columbia University’s website . “Attackers are unable to figure out the program’s layout if the code keeps changing.”

Shuffler runs alongside the code it defends and even protects itself against its own bugs.

One catch with Shuffler: It slows programs down by 15%, though is barely noticeable on very large-scale processing systems, according to Columbia.

Williams-King co-authored a paper on the subject titled “Shuffler: Fast and Deployable Continuous Code Re-Randomization” and it was presented at the USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems and Design. Researchers from Brown University and the University of British Columbia also took part in this project.

Other researchers are trying to foil attackers via randomization techniques, too.

Timely Address Space Randomization (TASR) is MIT Lincoln Labs’ approach to bettering ASLR, which is vulnerable to memory disclosure attacks.

“TASR is the first technology that mitigates an attacker’s ability to leverage information leakage against ASLR, irrespective of the mechanism used to leak information,” says

Robert Rudd of Lincoln Labs in a statement . Rather than randomizing on a set schedule, TASR does its thing whenever an application runs. It injects a randomizer component and later deletes it from the application.

The TASR team argues its technology, which does not require special hardware, has advantages over other methods in that it protects against all sorts of memory corruption attacks and vulnerabilities. 

Look for at least portions of TASR to go open-source.

Researchers at Florida State University and Stony Brook University also last year published a paper on a new method of randomizing code to protect it from attacks.

Their Remix tool allows for mixing of randomized and non-randomized code “to strike a balance between performance and security.” The researchers argue that their technique can minimize the impact of randomization on CPU and I/O performance.

7. IT security wearing you out?

A study from the  National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)  that was published in  IEEE’s IT Professional journal  found that most regular computer users get “security fatigue” that can lead to unintentionally risky online behavior. 

“The finding that the general public is suffering from security fatigue is important because it has implications in the workplace and in people’s everyday life,” cognitive psychologist and co-author Brian Stanton  said in a statement . “It is critical because so many people bank online, and since health care and other valuable information is being moved to the internet. If people can’t use security, they are not going to, and then we and our nation won’t be secure.” 

Based on study findings, the researchers shared three ways to ease security fatigue:

1.    Limit the number of security decisions users need to make; 

2.    Make it simple for users to choose the right security action; and

3.    Design for consistent decision making whenever possible.

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Computing Community Consortium Blog

The goal of the Computing Community Consortium (CCC) is to catalyze the computing research community to debate longer range, more audacious research challenges; to build consensus around research visions; to evolve the most promising visions toward clearly defined initiatives; and to work with the funding organizations to move challenges and visions toward funding initiatives. The purpose of this blog is to provide a more immediate, online mechanism for dissemination of visioning concepts and community discussion/debate about them.

The 25 “Coolest” Computer Networking Research Projects

Network World  is out with a list of the 25 “coolest” computer networking research projects :

University labs, fueled with millions of dollars in funding and some of the biggest brains around, are bursting with new research into computer and networking technologies. Wireless networks, computer security and a general focus on shrinking things and making them faster are among the hottest areas, with some advances already making their way into the market.

Among the projects highlighted (following the link):

Duolingo   This free website,  Duolingo , from a pair of Carnegie Mellon University computer scientists serves double duty: It helps people learn new languages while also translating the text on Web pages into different languages.   CMU’s Luis von Ahn and Severin Hacker have attracted more than 100,000 people in a beta test of the system, which initially offered free language lessons in English, Spanish, French and German, with the computer offering advice and guidance on unknown words. Using the system could go a long way toward translating the Web, many of whose pages are unreadable by those whose language skills are narrow.   Von Ahn is a veteran of such crowdsourcing technologies, having created online reCAPTCHA puzzles to cut down on spam while simultaneously digitizing old books and periodicals. Von Ahn’s spinoff company, reCAPTCHA, was acquired by Google in 2009. Duolingo, spun off in November to offer commercial and free translation services, received $3.3 million in funding from Union Square Ventures, actor Ashton Kutcher and others.   Serval   Princeton University computer science researchers envision an Internet that is more flexible for data center operators and more useful to mobile users. Princeton’s open source  Serval  system is what Assistant Professor of Computer Science Michael Freedman calls a Service Access Layer that sits between the IP Network Layer (Layer 3) and Transport Layer (Layer 4), where it can work with unmodified network devices. Serval’s purpose is to make Web services such as Gmail and Facebook more easily accessible, regardless of where an end user is, via a services naming scheme that augments what the researchers call an IP address set-up “designed for communication between fixed hosts with topology-dependent addresses.” Data center operators could benefit by running Web servers in virtual machines across the cloud and rely less on traditional load balancers.   Serval, which Freedman describes as a “replacement” technology, will likely have its first production applications in service-provider networks. “Its largest benefits come from more dynamic settings, so its features most clearly benefit the cloud and mobile spaces,” he says.   If any of this sounds similar to software-defined networking (SDN), there are in fact connections. Freedman worked on an SDN/OpenFlow project at Stanford University called Ethane that was spun out into a startup called Nicira for which VMware recently plunked down $1.26 billion.   Hyperspeed signaling   University of Tulsa engineers want to slow everything down, for just a few milliseconds, to help network administrations avoid cyberattacks.   By slowing traffic, the researchers figure more  malware can be detected  and then headed off via an algorithm that signals at hyperspeed  to set up defenses — though researcher Sujeet Shenoi told the publication  New Scientist  [subscription required] that it might not be cheap to set up such a defense system, between the caching system and reserved data pipes needed to support the signals.   Control-Alt-Hack   University of Washington researchers have created a card game called  Control-Alt-Hack  that’s designed to introduce computer science students to security topics.   The game, funded in part by Intel Labs and the National Science Foundation , made its debut at the Black Hat security conference in Las Vegas over the summer. The tabletop game involves three to six players working for an outfit dubbed Hackers, Inc., that conducts security audits and consulting, and players are issued challenges, such as hacking a hotel mini bar payment system or wireless medical implant, or converting a robotic vacuum cleaner into a toy. The game features cards (including descriptions of well-rounded hackers who rock climb, ride motorcycles and do more than sit at their computers), dice, mission cards, “hacker cred tokens” and other pieces, and is designed for players ages 14 and up. It takes about an hour to play a game. No computer security degree needed.   “We went out of our way to incorporate humor,” said co-creator Tamara Denning , a UW doctoral student in computer science and engineering, referring to the hacker descriptions and challenges on the cards. “We wanted it to be based in reality, but more importantly we want it to be fun for the players.”

Check out the full list here .

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(Contributed by Erwin Gianchandani , CCC Director)

Disclaimer: Posts on this blog report on happenings, opportunities, and issues that arise in the broad computing research community, and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the CCC or the National Science Foundation.

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• “Computer Scientist Banks on Human Superiority Over Machines”
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• First Person: “The Man Who Wants to Translate the Web”
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great information and i like the way you write – thumbs up!

You are absolutely right I have heard about Duolingo. I have read about it in some article.

Very well and informative post you have shared. Your style is just awesome, I like the content as well. Thanks.

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CNRG Research Projects

Wireless networks research.

Increasingly we have come to depend on wireless networks for internet access.  Unfortunately, existing wireless networks are almost exclusively confined to single hop access, as provided by cellular telephony or wireless LANs. Multi-hop wireless networks can be deployed; however, current protocols typically result in extremely poor performance for even moderate sized networks. Our research in the area of wireless networks attempts to bridge the gap between wireless networks and the wired internet, by addressing issues in the control and management of wireless networks, including mobile ad hoc networks, sensor networks, and wireless mesh networks.  Our goal is to develop develop architectures,  protocols, and control algorithms for  providing efficient and reliable wireless networking.  Our projects include fundamental aspects of network control, robust wireless network design, as well as the design of practical practical network control algorithms for  routing, scheduling and flow control.

Effective Control of Wireless Networks

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have emerged as a solution for providing last-mile Internet access. By exploiting advanced communication technologies such as adaptive modulation and coding, MIMO, OFDM, and Software Radio, WMNs can achieve access rates that are comparable to those achieved by wired access technologies. However, hindering their success is our relative lack of understanding of how to effectively control wireless networks; especially in the context of advanced physical layer technologies, realistic models for channel interference, and distributed operation . The goal of this project is to develop effective and practical network control algorithms that make efficient use of wireless resources through joint topology adaptation, network layer routing, MAC layer scheduling, and physical layer power, channel, and rate control.

A Migration Approach to Optimal Network Control

Our new nsf project introduces a novel architectural paradigm for wireless network control, whereby control algorithms are designed to operate in networks with both new and legacy nodes.  this new paradigm allows optimal control algorithms to be incrementally deployed alongside existing schemes, thus providing a migration path for new control algorithms, and the promise of dramatic improvement in network performance.   - more-, toward reducing control overhead in wireless networks.

Network control mechanisms, such as scheduling, routing, and flow control, ensure effective data transport in a communication network, but also require the exchange of network state information, such as channel conditions and queue-length information, which amounts to “control overhead”.  The project investigates the tradeoffs between the rate of sending such control information, and the ability to effectively control the network in terms of performance metrics such as throughput, stability, delay and network utility.  The project takes a two-pronged approach:  First, a rate-distortion framework is being developed for understanding the impact of degraded network state information on network performance.  Second, mechanisms are being developed for reducing the amount of control overhead and the impact of these mechanisms on network performance is being investigated. The project develops a fundamental understanding of the requirements for protocol overhead, which will lead to more efficient network control policies, with reduced overheads.- more -

Protection and restoration in wireless mesh networks

Most previous work on routing in ad hoc networks has focused almost entirely on the problem of route discovery. Little, if any, attention has been paid to the problem of reliable communications in a mobile network. In a network this is often accomplished by providing "backup" routes. However, recovery using backup routes in ad hoc networks is very different from a static fiber networks due to the high degree of mobility that results in rapid topology changes. This project will develop efficient recovery mechanisms in a mobile ad hoc environment. - more -

Ultra-low latency and High Reliability for Wireless IoT

The goal of this project is to develop a new framework for supporting ultra-low latency and high reliability network services for emerging Internet-of-Things applications.  These emerging applications often impose stringent requirements on both latency and reliability that cannot be met with existing techniques.  The main idea behind this project is that latency and reliability are inherently coupled and must be addressed not just at the physical layer but also at higher network layers.  Our comprehensive research agenda addresses latency and reliability at various time scales, ranging from packet time scale and MAC layer scheduling to network deployment and the economics of their services. . -more-

Optimizing Information Freshness in Wireless Networks

Future Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications will increasingly rely on the exchange of delay sensitive information for monitoring and control.   Application domains such as autonomous vehicles, command and control systems, industrial control, virtual reality, and sensor networks, heavily rely upon the distribution of time-critical information.  Age of Information (AoI) is a recently proposed performance metric that captures the freshness of the information from the perspective of the application.  AoI measures the time that elapsed from the moment that the most recently received packet was generated to the present time. -more-

Network Control In Adversarial Environments

This project introduces a novel paradigm for wireless network control, whereby control algorithms are designed to operate effectively in networks with uncooperative or adversarial users.   Recent growth in mobile and media-rich applications has greatly increased the demand for wireless capacity.  Network control algorithms for flow control, routing, and scheduling have the potential to significantly improve performance.  However, these algorithms were designed under idealized assumptions, and cannot operate effectively in heterogeneous environments that includes uncooperative or even malicious users. -more-

RINGS: Enabling Wireless Edge-cloud Services via Autonomous Resource Allocation and Robust Physical Layer Technologies

Wireless technology has evolved at a remarkable rate, with data rates increasing by four orders of magnitude over the past twenty years.   New wireless communication technologies such as millimeter-wave (mmWave), and full-duplex, along with the emergence of edge-cloud computing will enable additional improvements, ultimately exceeding one giga-bits-per-second data rates and sub-millisecond delays.  This project will develop network control algorithms that leverage these emerging wireless technologies to enable robust and resilient next generation of wireless networks and usher in novel applications, such as smart cities, connected vehicles, virtual reality,  telemedicine, and advanced manufacturing.   -more-

RINGS:  Robust and Resilient Wireless Networks using Next Generation Spectrum

Next generation (NextG) wireless networks will likely operate in an environment involving extensive sharing of underlying infrastructure and spectrum. In addition, many NextG services may be provided by over-the-top (OTT) providers who utilize multiple networks of shared spectrum and infrastructure to provide services to end users. These trends raise new challenges in addressing how resources are effectively shared within a network and how OTT service providers can effectively manage resources across different shared networks. These challenges are particularly acute when attempting to offer services that have stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, e.g., in terms of latency and reliability, and so require a high level of robustness. This project lays out a research plan to address these questions.  -more-

Optical Networks research

Over the past decade the growth in the use and capabilities of communication networks has transformed the way we live and work. As we progress further into the information age, the reliance on networking will increase. With the expected explosive growth in data traffic, networks will be strained in terms of both transport and processing requirements. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is emerging as a dominant technology for use in backbone and access networks. With WDM, the capacity of a fiber is significantly increased by allowing simultaneous transmission on multiple wavelengths (channels), each operating at the maximum electronic rate. Systems with between 40 and 80 wavelengths are presently being deployed for point-to-point transmission. With tens of wavelengths per fiber and transmission rates of up to 10 Gbps per wavelength, capacities that approach a Tera-bit per second can be achieved.  Our research in the area of optical networks include survivable network design, access network architecture, and mechanisms for optical bypass of the electronic layers.

Mechanisms for optical bypass  

While WDM systems are likely to meet future transport demands, electronically processing all of the traffic at network nodes will present a significant bottleneck. Fortunately, it is not necessary to electronically process all traffic entering and leaving each node. For example, much of the traffic passing through a node is neither sourced at that node nor destined to that node. To reduce the amount of traffic that must be electronically processed at intermediate nodes, future WDM systems will employ WDM Add/Drop multiplexers (WADMs) and cross-connects, that allow each wavelength to either be dropped and electronically processed at the node or to optically bypass the node's electronics. Our research in this area is focused on developing mechanisms for providing optical bypass to the electronic layer thereby reducing the size and cost of electronic switches and routers in the network. These mechanisms include traffic grooming of low rate streams, logical topology reconfiguration, and optical flow switching.

Cross-Layer Survivability

Modern communication networks are constructed using a layered approach, with one or more electronic layers (e.g., IP, ATM, SONET) built on top of an optical fiber network. This multitude of layers is used in order to simplify network design and operations and to enable efficient sharing of network resources. However, this layering also gives rise to certain inefficiencies and interoperability issues.  Networks often rely on the electronic layers to provide most protection and restoration services. However, in a layered network, the protection mechanisms provided at the electronic layer may not be robust in the face of failures in the underlying optical layer. For example, SONET networks typically provide protection against single link failures using a ring network architecture, and protection in general “mesh” networks (e.g., ATM, WDM) is typically provided using disjoint paths. However, even electronic topologies that are designed to be tolerant of single link failures, once they are embedded on the physical (e.g., fiber) topology, may no longer be survivable to single physical (fiber) link failures. This is because the failure of a single fiber link can lead to the failure of multiple links in the electronic topology, which may subsequently leave the electronic topology disconnected. Thus, network survivability mechanisms often cannot provide their claimed level of protection and restoration, when embedded on a physical topology. The goal of this project is to develop a fundamental theory for understanding cross-layer survivability, and mechanisms for providing survivability in layered networks. - more -

Space Networks Research

While the field of communications and networks is rapidly advancing due to the increased popularity of the Internet, space communication systems are at a much more immature state of development. Certain attributes of the satellite channels make techniques previously developed for terrestrial networks inefficient or entirely unsuitable. For example, satellite systems often have longer propagation delays and higher bit error rates than their terrestrial counterparts; and the open air interface for satellite channels lends itself to the concept of dynamic sharing of resources.  This gives rise to a range of problems including:  Resource allocation (such as power and bandwidth), media access control,  system management, dynamic routing in the presence of changing topologies and fluctuating loads, and interconnection with terrestrial and wireless networks.  Of particular interest is the design of architectures and protocols for heterogeneous networks that include both space and terrestrial segments, which  gives rise to a range of issues including: Space/ground network architectures, the design of efficient end-to-end protocols, quality of service assurance and the design of efficient interfaces between the ground and space portions of the network.   

Networking and Collaborating in Academia: Increasing Your Scientific Impact and Having Fun in the Process

• First Online: 09 November 2022

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• Elaine Toomey 3  

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Networking is an essential element of an academic career, though it can spark a multitude of reactions ranging from delight to distress. For early career researchers, having a strong network of collaborators can be invaluable in terms of supporting you through the difficult times of academia, as well as helping you to enjoy the good moments. Networking is also particularly important for expanding the reach and impact of your research to a multitude of audiences. In this chapter, I aim to provide an overview of the challenges and benefits of networking. I will explain my core principles underpinning my approach to building networks and collaborations, and provide some practical recommendations and action points based on my experiences or advice given to me that I have found useful. Although there is no one right or wrong approach to networking and building collaborations, this chapter aims to help you reflect on your own core principles and priorities when it comes to networking, and to support you to develop or further enhance your own approach.

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Toomey, E. (2022). Networking and Collaborating in Academia: Increasing Your Scientific Impact and Having Fun in the Process. In: Kwasnicka, D., Lai, A.Y. (eds) Survival Guide for Early Career Researchers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10754-2_8

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NETWORKING BASED PROJECTS

“This article highly focuses on networking based projects for both students and scholars to pursue their thesis by providing knowledge on an overview of networking, its functions, and purposes, our contributions on project service, and the future scope of networking projects.” Networking is a term that plays a vital role in the field of communication network , where it includes all types of data transmission between entities and sharing or displaying any type of information from an individual to a group of people or transmitting data from one device to a group of devices . The sharing of data also includes every wired or wireless device, particularly linked with the internet.

“Every digital device has become to connect with a computer network in the current scenario.”

And the data can also be a message, media files, and displaying through the internet is also called Networking. Thus any type of communication over the internet is known as Networking. Some of the important aspects of Networking can be as follows.

• Routing by fault Tolerance
• Improving performance
• Controlling Traffic
• Techniques in routing
• Network infrastructures

What you can learn from us?

Satisfying your demands by our new networking facilities and our engineering team has assured to suggest the following services.  By adjusting the above utilities in our service updating, you can learn,

• Networking algorithms and protocols
• Various functions of Networking
• Networking significance
• Fundamental / advanced / updated networking concepts

Overview of Networking

Networking is used to transmit data (packets) among two or more electronic devices by various networks like wireless, LAN, WAN, MAN , etc., that use the computer as the source device. Here the geographical site that outlines the physical space provides the coverage area of the network.

 So, LAN stands for Local Area Network that can be used inside a particular construction and WAN stands for Wide Area Network helps in communication through wireless technologies. These are two vital computer networks that are able to connect a huge number of devices across the world.

How does networking works?

The process of Networking has some procedures, which state the way of data sharing. These types of procedures are called protocols that permit the devices for communication purposes. Every networking device is provided with a unique IP (Internet Protocol) address that helps identify a communication device .

In devices (digital/electronic), Networking is taking place by linking the nodes of the router, devices with the help of fiber optics or signals physically or virtually . The router enables communication among various LANs, and they estimate the best mode to share data, and switching helps to connect nodes for communication inside LAN.

Top 2 limitations of networking

• Controlling traffic
• Specified Packet distribution
• Partial data operations
• Various concerns of data for evaluation
• Traffic (burst)

The limitation of Networking is very high when comparing to the other domains because open issues are rising due to the growth . But these are very significant in the networking process that can be rectified with appropriate solutions/approaches/protocols design . To overcome such issues, the following features are needed in a network.

Networking Requirements

• Troubleshooting
• Get used to network updates
• Resolving hosts
• Active responding

The above-mentioned features are necessary to frame any type of network for communication purposes. Let’s see the layers of Networking. Networking based projects are most relevant to the OSI models of Networking, and each layer is affected by crucial issues and affects the network stack’s performance . According to OSI, communication is divided into seven conceptual layers as follows

What are the seven layers of networking?

• Application
• Performance
• Linked data
• Transmission

It is very significant for the students to understand the network methods and the wide range of purposes in designing . Here are the mechanisms for Networking based projects to have the understanding for fast and secure data transmission.

Mechanisms for networking projects

• Scheduling packets: dealing to queue the packets in order to prevent data traffic
• Protocols: ensuring the users are following the contract 
• Controlling access: discards unchecked traffics
• Signaling protocol: approves service needed signals

The Networking based projects enable and widen the knowledge of students and scholars to get familiarity in Networking. With the formation of data packets and the process involved in access control and the procedures, the advanced Networking works are done. In addition to the above information, we provide you the areas that are based on the process of Networking .

Applications of Networking

• Media streaming
• Transportation of content
• Communications to any devices
• File distributing Networks

The functions of Networking are on the rise, and every new type of network traffic is updating to the function on the basis of software defined Networking . So the students who have chosen this field are blessed with an excellent scope because Networking cannot exhaust the endpoint. Let’s see the domains that are based on networking services and applications . As a result of real-time applications growth, a number of ideas are established in this domain. Get to know such real-time applications in Networking based projects first.

Real-Time Applications of Networking

• Hostile and Military Environments
• Smart Grid – Power Management
• Connected Vehicles- Intelligence Transport Service
• Video Transmission Analysis And Streaming Of Videos
• Real-time Events in WSN
• Healthcare Applications

Now, let’s see some of the Networking based infrastructures where the applications mentioned above are applied. Many cities are engineering with the ‘smart’ caption, which really is meant to enable the networking service by all means. Here are the network integrated environments that are soon implemented in the practical life of systems.

Network Integrated Environments

• Ad-hoc: handling data traffic in mobile devices
• MEC: integrates the function of cloud on the edge of networking with OpenStack
• Cloud: handling application delivery and traffic management
• Edge-servers: distribution of application at the edge of network
• Fog servers: arranges networking services for Internet of Things by absolute QoS

Along with the environments integrated with networks, our developers have come up with suggestions on the major research areas of networking among the Networking based projects in the current scenario

Top 3 Research areas in Networking:

• Controlling Real-Time Process: Industrial and aircraft system control
• Network applications : VR and other online games, networking between World Wide Web and Peer-to –Peer, network system files, managing distributed data systems.
• Telecommunication Networks: routing algorithm, wireless networks sensor, internet related electronic devices etc.

The above-mentioned research areas are on trending on networking projects . Suppose you want to be more informative on networking projects. In that case, we are here to introduce you to the recent developing networking technologies , and our research teams are here to link the real-life requirement with the networking technologies, which will be useful to choose your project title.

Currently emerging network technologies

• Wireless mobile networks enabling SDN and NFV
• Services for V2X (vehicle to everything)
• Vehicular ad hoc network
• IoT and Broadband technologies and internet access
• Wireless heterogeneous networks
• Communication through fiber optics
• Uniting 5G, IoT and Artificial Intelligence
• 5G and 5G beyond mobile networking

Most of the networking topics we mentioned above are intended to link with 5G technology because we constantly want to update you with novel ideas and innovative techniques using in the networking based projects . We know how people in this area want to conduct their research, and we are here to provide you the research topic beyond their estimation on updates.

Research topics in networking

• Wireless networks and network protocols
• Performance and measurement analytics
• Managing spectrum distribution
• Techniques and algorithms of Routing, switching and addressing
• Resource management, QoS, Traffic and Congestion control

In general, a simulation tool is important for every networking domain. But the simulators of the Operating system and modules are different. The behaviors of modules depending on the norms of considering the ‘networking services are the outcomes of finest strength,’ and so the network simulators don’t have the capacity to define the delay. In general, simulators are analytic tools used as follows.

Network simulation overview

• Testing the protocol’s performance
• Innovative network protocol Assessments
• The distributed system developments
• Balancing mathematical analysis in multifaceted systems

The functions of the network are expected to provide quick functions and results, but as the escalation of rapidity in the network is not complete by the software difficulty. Thus, the simulators must equate the space between the network speed and software to provide a 0’s time node events. Thus the qualities of the best simulation tool are as follows.

How to pick the best simulation tool for networking?

• Providing precision at high level
• Having the capability to parallel the timing between networking and software
• Attributed with precision tools to cope up the simulating process and ending application mainly for the simulating applications

The simulation tools are purposed to enhance the functions of networking and other simulation and software applications. Apart from all the mentioned metrics, the Quality of Service (QoS) is very important . The reason for the importance of QoS and its metric levels are as follows.

How to evaluate the performance of networks?

Quality of Service (QoS) is an important metric in improving an organization / or the network of entities to prove service accuracy and timing . It preserves the reputation of their network quality, and thus it has the qualities of the best metrics to evaluate the functions , and it improves the quality of the networking or software functions . The other significant functions of QoS are Follows,

• Controlling network traffic
• Locating and regulates the procedures of network traffic
• Improving more foreseeable service in networking
• Network bottleneck management
• Appropriate bandwidth association
• Enabled with Numerous features to make end- to- end delay
• Losing data to ease the network traffic mainly in data rupture scenario
• Reduces the bandwidth size to handle oversubscription in network
• Capability to host WAN with application recognized real-time delay

In order to empower the above qualities in a networking service , the cooperation of the QoS metric is important. It helps and relieves the networking system to handle the overloading , and it caters to the expectation of servicing speed and clearing congestion in Networking, etc. here are the parameters of QoS that varies according to the network layers as follows.

Network QoS parameters

• Physical Layer: relays on the sensor elements’ ability
• MAC layer: proficient energy, reliable transmission, throughput, range of communication
• Coverage maintenance layer: preserving coverage, its calculation, strength, consistency
• Connectivity preserving layer: sustaining and strengthening connectivity, capability and diameter of network, average path cost
• Network layer: maintains and strengthens routing, path delay, probable congestion
• Transport layer: cost, delay, bandwidth, consistency
• Application layer: maintains resolution, consistency and newness of data, upholds the lifetime of system, response timing and chance of detection.

Our research team has more ideas than we are displaying in front of your eyes. You need not hesitate to approach our project service. We notify you that we would help you complete your networking based projects on time, even if you are in your project stage. We are having technically updated engineers , who are also updated with the academic knowledge of project expectations . So we ensure our quality service and we glad to provide it to you with price conveniences. Just confirm your acceptance, sit back and relax, and we will take care of the rest.

A Nature Research Service

• On-demand Courses
• Work with others

Networking for Researchers

For researchers in the natural sciences who want to gain confidence by improving their networking skills or mentor others through the process

10 experts in networking, including researchers, experienced academic networkers, fellows, networking consultants and communications specialists

8 hours of learning

15-minute bite-sized lessons

4-module course with certificate

About this course

‘Networking for Researchers’ covers the key elements needed to acquire or perfect effective professional networking skills for scientific researchers. In this course you will discover how building a professional network will benefit your research and career, and learn the skills to build and maintain networking connections in a variety of settings, both in-person and online.

What you’ll learn

• The theory behind and the importance of networking, and how to use your research and career goals to guide you to find appropriate networking opportunities 
• How to research and prepare key resources to help you build an effective network 
• Strategies to approach and connect with potential contacts, and how to follow up – both in person and online
• Strategies for nurturing your networking contacts, and how to leverage them to advance your research and career

Free Sample Why network?

5 lessons 2h

Free Sample Getting ready to network

6 lessons 2h

Free Sample Connect with new networking contacts - in person and online

7 lessons 2h 30m

Free Sample Nurturing and harnessing the power of your network

5 lessons 1h 30m

Free Sample Networking for Researchers: Free sample

No subscription yet? Try this free sample to preview lessons from the course

3 lessons 30m

Start this module

Developed with expert academics and professionals

This course has been created with an international team of experts with a wide range of experience in networking, including:

• Setting career goals
• Evaluating current networks
• Identifying networking opportunities and researching potential contacts
• Studying social networks
• Leveraging networks to advance your research and career

Sarah Blackford

Independent Career Consultant and Honorary Teaching Fellow, Lancaster University

Ben Johnson

Head of Communities & Engagement and Magazine Editor, Nature Medicine

Tanya Menon

Professor of Management & Human Resources, Fisher School of Business, Ohio State University

David Payne

Managing Editor, Careers & Supplements, Springer Nature

Despina Sanoudou

Associate Professor, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

Advice from experienced presenters

The course also has additional insights through interviews from:

Paige Brown Jarreau

VP of Science Communication, LifeOmic and Co-founder of Lifeology.io

Emma Chapman

Lecturer, University of Nottingham

Head, Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Chair, Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Edmond Sanganyado

Associate Professor, Shantou University and President, Zimbabwe Young Academy of Sciences

Lucy A. Taylor

Junior Research Fellow, Christ Church College and Department of Zoology, University of Oxford

Discover related courses

Getting an academic research position.

Prepare yourself to take your next career step, into either a postdoc or faculty role

Participating in a Collaboration

Build your skills to make a more meaningful contribution to your collaborative projects

Access options

For researchers.

• Register and complete our free course offering , or try a free sample of any of our paid-for courses
• Recommend our courses to your institution, so that we can contact them to discuss becoming a subscriber

For institutions, departments and labs

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Select „other“ and register with an individual account. This allows you to access all our free sample course modules, and our entirely free course on peer review. You might also want to recommend our courses to your institution.

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Latest Research Topics in Networking

                Latest Research Topics in Networking offer newfangled project topics for our students from bachelors and master degree (B.E/M.E/M.Phil/M.Tech/MCA) in the field of networking. Networking is the biggest and fastest emerging area, making it hinder students with new research into networking technologies. However, students spend more money on their networking projects. To help our students, we also offer the latest networking projects at optimum cost as far as we also provided 5000+ projects from 120+ countries students from all over the world.

We develop projects both in software and hardware, and in software, we use both open source and proprietary software. We also suggest our students always choose the latest topics because the latest ideas only give something innovative and colorful.

Think well…Always be a part of us… we pose your pioneering projects…..

Topics in Networking

                  Latest Research Topics in Networking covers possible list of topics intended also for under graduate and also post graduate students and scholars. In networking, security is one of the major issues in all types of wired and wireless networks, e.g., cloud networking. There is also a lot of research in the networking field because it is also a vast area that prefers among more users.  

Generally,  networking is defined as the computing devices that exchange information and share ideas among individuals or groups of devices or users using either wired or wireless connection.

Let us see the latest topics in networking,

• Secure and control sensitive data also in cloud environment (any)
• The future of IoT and also bio metrics
• Software defined networking
• Network security and also cryptography
• Network Function Virtualization
• Cognitive computing and also machine learning
• Micro services architecture
• Adaptive security
• Augmented and virtual reality
• Cloud networking
• Big data analytics in mobile networking
• Smart personal assistants
• Wearable’s in sensor networks
• Blockchain as a service (BaaS)
• Containerization (traditional virtualization)
• Resource allocation SDN
• Ultra dense wireless networks planning
• SDN + Virtualized radio Access Networks also with Fog computing
• Spectrum efficiency enhancement by LTE-U also with Wi-Fi
• 5G wireless backhaul networks
• SDN based Elastic optical networks also in cloud.
• Green mobile cloud network: Green cloudlet
• C-RAN: Cloud Radio Access Network
• 5G networks multicasting
• Traffic engineering also in software defined networks
• D2D communication in 5G
• Over Wi-Fi secure device-to-device communication
• Cloud Robotics
• 5G networks for visible light communication
• Big data in mobile cloud networks
• Prevention and also in detection of network attacks
• SDN network automation to 802.11ac and also in IPv6

Simulation Tools, Software’s and Programming Languages Used in Networking Projects

Programming languages:.

• R-programming
• Matlab and also in scilab

Simulation Software’s:

• Psimulator2
• Network simulators (NS2 and also in NS3)

Other Tools:

• Matlab Simulink
• Matlab tool boxes
• Word net tool
• And also in MADAMIRA tool

        We also provide a few collections of networking and simulation tools, software, and programming languages for developing projects in the networking and other areas. For each project, we give PPT, documents, video files, and also completed code implementation. Our additional support for our students is journal paper writing support, paper publication in high reputed journals, and thesis writing support.

A good beginning is often overt as happy endings…..

Let us come together for your immense research…… , related pages, services we offer.

Mathematical proof

Pseudo code

Conference Paper

Research Proposal

System Design

Literature Survey

Data Collection

Thesis Writing

Data Analysis

Rough Draft

Paper Collection

Code and Programs

Paper Writing

Course Work

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Young Adult Leadership Network

March 4, 2024

The Polaris Young Adult Leadership Network  seeks to cultivate community among young adult Christian leaders, amplify their ministries in a variety of local contexts, and inspire other young adults to lead from their own Christian faith. In 2023 the network will begin with a fellowship program. Fellows ages 23-29 will be nominated from across the country to participate in a year-long leadership acceleration cohort to build relationships with each other and strengthen local ministries. Fellows will receive coaching and subgrants to accelerate and launch local ministry projects. They will also receive funding to visit leaders who have sparked their Christian imagination.

Kenda Creasy Dean, Mary D. Synnott Professor of Youth, Church and Culture and Faculty Senior Strategist for the Network, notes, “One of the greatest needs for young Christian leaders is a network of peers. Of course the Network will allow these young leaders to support and resource one another, but also to remind them that they are not alone. We hear from young adult Christian leaders that they feel like they are completely alone in their work. The Network’s peer-learning approach is designed to surround these young leaders with gifted peers who ‘get it.’”

In future years, an array of publicly available opportunities will be available for young adults to hone their leadership skills, discern their calling, and amplify their stories in public life. Project Director Shari Oosting shares, “The dominant narrative about young adults is that they are losing their faith. It’s a story of decline. But we know that isn’t the only story, and it’s not true of all young people. We want to complexify what has become an oversimplified story by shining a spotlight on young adults who lead in their neighborhoods, congregations, and ministries from a deep and vibrant faith. We are so excited to learn with and from these compelling young adults across the United States.”

Alongside work with young adults, the Polaris Young Adult Leadership Network will engage an extensive research and mapping project to learn from organizations who serve and inspire young adult Christian leaders. Learnings will be publicly shared so that pastors, parents, educators, and young adults themselves can better understand the landscape and scope of vibrant Christian leadership among people in their 20’s. Associate Dean of Continuing Education Abigail Visco Rusert reflects, “Moving from a lens of scarcity to a lens of curiosity is a focus of this project. We want to focus on the places and spaces where young adults are already building a bridge between their faith, their work, and their community. Leaders who love the church have something to learn from the stories of young adults.”

The Polaris Young Adult Leadership Network at Princeton Theological Seminary is funded by a generous $4 million grant from the Lilly Endowment, Inc. and is housed in Princeton Seminary’s Office of Continuing Education. The work will be led by Abigail Visco Rusert (associate dean of Continuing Education), Kenda Creasy Dean (faculty senior strategist), and Shari Oosting (project director).