english grammar preposition parts of speech

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Unit 5: Parts of speech: the preposition and the conjunction

About this unit.

Prepositions (in, out, before, after, with, without, just to name a few) help establish relationships in time, space, and among people and things. Conjunctions unite words; they attach phrases and clauses to one another. They're super useful! Learn more about these two parts of speech here.

Introduction to prepositions

Meet the preposition (Opens a modal)
Prepositions of time (Opens a modal)
Prepositions of space (Opens a modal)
Prepositions of neither space nor time (Opens a modal)
Meet the preposition with pictures Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Identifying prepositions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Prepositions about time and space Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Types of prepositions and phrases

Compound prepositions (Opens a modal)
Prepositional phrases (Opens a modal)
Terminal prepositions (Opens a modal)
Common prepositions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Compound prepositions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Prepositional phrases Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Introduction to conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions (Opens a modal)
Subordinating conjunctions (Opens a modal)
Meet the conjunction Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Coordinating conjunctions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!
Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!

Correlative conjunctions and starting sentences

Correlative conjunctions (Opens a modal)
Beginning sentences with conjunctions (Opens a modal)
BONUS: "FANBOYS," a mnemonic song (Opens a modal)
Correlative conjunctions Get 3 of 4 questions to level up!

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Parts of Speech

What are the parts of speech, a formal definition.

Table of Contents

The Part of Speech Is Determined by the Word's Function

Are there 8 or 9 parts of speech, the nine parts of speech, (1) adjective, (3) conjunction, (4) determiner, (5) interjection, (7) preposition, (8) pronoun, why the parts of speech are important, video lesson.

You need to dig a well . (noun)
You look well . (adjective)
You dance well . (adverb)
Well , I agree. (interjection)
My eyes will well up. (verb)
red, happy, enormous
Ask the boy in the red jumper.
I live in a happy place.
I caught a fish this morning! I mean an enormous one.
happily, loosely, often
They skipped happily to the counter.
Tie the knot loosely so they can escape.
I often walk to work.
It is an intriguingly magic setting.
He plays the piano extremely well.
and, or, but
it is a large and important city.
Shall we run to the hills or hide in the bushes?
I know you are lying, but I cannot prove it.
my, those, two, many
My dog is fine with those cats.
There are two dogs but many cats.
ouch, oops, eek
Ouch , that hurt.
Oops , it's broken.
Eek! A mouse just ran past my foot!
leader, town, apple
Take me to your leader .
I will see you in town later.
An apple fell on his head .
in, near, on, with
Sarah is hiding in the box.
I live near the train station.
Put your hands on your head.
She yelled with enthusiasm.
she, we, they, that
Joanne is smart. She is also funny.
Our team has studied the evidence. We know the truth.
Jack and Jill went up the hill, but they never returned.
That is clever!
work, be, write, exist
Tony works down the pit now. He was unemployed.
I will write a song for you.
I think aliens exist .

Are you a visual learner? Do you prefer video to text? Here is a list of all our grammar videos .

Video for Each Part of Speech

The Most Important Writing Issues

The top issue related to adjectives, the top issue related to adverbs.

Extremely annoyed, she stared menacingly at her rival.
Infuriated, she glared at her rival.

The Top Issue Related to Conjunctions

Burger, Fries, and a shake
Fish, chips and peas

The Top Issue Related to Determiners

The Top Issue Related to Interjections

The top issue related to nouns, the top issue related to prepositions, the top issue related to pronouns, the top issue related to verbs.

Crack the parts of speech to help with learning a foreign language or to take your writing to the next level.

This page was written by Craig Shrives .

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English Grammar/Basic Parts of Speech/Prepositions

A preposition connects the relationship between a noun, pronoun and phrase to other parts of the sentence. Whatever object or phrase the preposition is introducing is called the object of the preposition.

Each bold word in the following sentences are examples of prepositions:

The box is on the desk. The box is under the desk. The box is leaning against the desk. The box is beside the desk. He held the box over the desk. He looked at the box during lunch.

In each sentence a preposition is used to locate the box in time or space. People use prepositions every day without even realizing it. Think of a preposition as a way to relate the object to the rest of the sentence.

1.1 Some Commonly Used Prepositions
1.2 Compound Prepositions
2.1 Examples
3 Prepositions Indicating Time
4 Prepositions Indicating Place or Position

List of Prepositions [ edit | edit source ]

Some commonly used prepositions [ edit | edit source ], compound prepositions [ edit | edit source ], object of the preposition [ edit | edit source ].

The object of the preposition is always a noun, a pronoun or a noun equivalent.

Examples [ edit | edit source ]

With poise , Gwyneth Paltrow walked to the stage and accepted her Academy Award. (The noun poise is the object of the preposition with .)
The Palace welcomed the Prince of Monaco and scheduled a sightseeing tour for him. (The pronoun him is the object of the preposition for .)
The director asked about proposing the summer programs for the University . ( Proposing the summer programs for the University is a group of words functioning as noun or is a noun equivalent. It is the object of the preposition about .)

Prepositions Indicating Time [ edit | edit source ]

Use on before days of the week, before months followed by the day or before the time indicating the day, month and year.
Use in to indicate year, before months not followed by the day or before the month and year without the day.
Use for to refer to a period of time stating the number of hours, days or weeks.
Use during to refer to a period of time.
Use since to refer to a period of time from the past to the present.

Prepositions Indicating Place or Position [ edit | edit source ]

Use between when you speak of two persons, places or things.
Use among when you speak of three or more persons, places or things.
Use on in an address with only the name of the street.
Use at when referring to places which indicate the general location.
Use in when the given location is more specific.
Use in when something is already inside.
Use into when there is movement involved in the placement of something.

Book:English Grammar

What are the parts of speech?

Today's the day for you to learn about this important grammatical concept! But first...let's see what the parts of speech have to do with your clothes.

Imagine that it's laundry day, and you've just finished washing and drying your clothes. You dump the contents of the laundry basket onto your bed, and you begin to organize everything. You fold matching socks together, you create a pile of perfectly folded shirts that you would be proud to show Marie Kondo, and you do the same thing with your pants, jackets, and everything else.

In the same way that we organize our clothes into groups based on each item's function and features, we organize our words into categories based on each word's function and features. We call these categories of words the parts of speech .

Some people categorize words into eight parts of speech, and some people categorize them into nine parts of speech. Neither one is wrong; they're just two ways of looking at things. We'll go over these categories below. Here at English Grammar Revolution, we categorize words into eight groups, but I'll tell you about the ninth one as well.

There's one important thing for you to know before we look at these categories: most words can function as more than one part of speech . They will only do one job at a time, but they can do different things in different sentences. Look at the word love in the following sentences.

My love of grammar inspired me to make this website.

Here, love is functioning as a noun. It's the subject of the sentence.

I love you.

Now, love is acting as a verb ! It's telling us an action.

The only way we can know how to categorize a word is to look at how it's acting within a sentence.

Okay, let's check out the parts of speech!

The 8 Parts of Speech

Nouns name people, places, things, or ideas. They're important parts of our sentences because they perform important jobs (subjects, direct objects, predicate nouns, etc.).

A peacock walked through our yard .

The dog howled during the night , and it woke up our whole family .

Sometimes people get bogged down with this part of speech because there are also many subcategories of nouns. This is similar to the way that we have subcategories for our clothes. You may have a whole drawer full of pants, but you may also have different types of pants that you use for different purposes (workout pants, lounge pants, work pants, etc.). This is similar to the way that we can further categorize nouns into smaller groups.

Here are a few of the subcategories of nouns: proper nouns, common nouns , collective nouns , possessive nouns , and compound nouns.

Tip : Other parts of speech also have subcategories. If you're studying this information for the first time, ignore the subcategories and focus on learning about each broader category.

2. Pronouns

Pronouns take the place of nouns. When most people hear the word pronoun , they think of words like I, we, me, he, she, and they . These are indeed all pronouns, but they're a part of a subcategory called personal pronouns. Know that there are other kinds of pronouns out there as well. Here are some examples: myself, his, someone , and who .

Here are a few of the subcategories of pronouns: reflexive pronouns , indefinite pronouns , possessive pronouns , and relative pronouns .

When we walked across the bridge, we saw someone who knows you .

I will fix the dishwasher myself .

Verbs show actions or states of being. They are integral elements of sentences .

The shuttle will fly into space.

The loving mother comforted and soothed the baby.

In the Montessori tradition of education, they use a large red circle or ball to symbolize a verb, and they often teach children to think of verbs as a sun providing the energy of a sentence. Isn't that a lovely way to think of verbs?

I know that you're getting tired of hearing about subcategories, but linking verbs, action verbs, and helping verbs are described on the verb page here .

Modal verbs are described on that link, and you can learn even more about action verbs and linking verbs from those links.

4. Adjectives

Adjectives describe, or modify , nouns and pronouns. I like to think of them as adding color to language. It would be hard to describe a beautiful sunset or the way a touching story makes us feel without using adjectives.

The wise, handsome owl had orange eyes.

The caring father rocked the baby.

One helpful strategy for learning about and identifying adjectives is to learn how they are diagrammed . Sentence diagrams are pictures of sentences that help us see how all of the words are grammatically related. Since adjectives modify nouns and pronouns, we diagram them on slanted lines under the nouns/pronouns that they are modifying.

My green and white book fell.

Book is a noun. It's the subject of this sentence. My, green , and white are all adjectives describing book , so we diagram them on slanted lines underneath book . Isn't that a great way to SEE what adjectives do?

Nine Parts of Speech

When people categorize words into eight parts of speech, they say that articles/determiners ( a, an, the, this, that, etc. ) are subcategories of adjectives.

When people categorize words into nine parts of speech, they say that articles/determiners make up their own category and are not a part of the adjective category.

Adverbs modify (describe) verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Adverbs are similar to adjectives in that they both modify things.

The extremely cute koala hugged its mom very tightly .

The dog howled loudly .

Sentence diagrams also make it really easy to see what adverbs do. Take a look at this diagram. What do you notice about the way the adverbs are diagrammed?

James ran very quickly.

Did you notice that the adverbs are diagrammed on slanted lines under the words that they are modifying?

Ran is a verb. Quickly is an adverb telling us more about the verb ran . Very is an adverb telling us more about the adverb quickly .

Doesn't the diagram make it easier to SEE what adverbs do?

6. Prepositions

Prepositions are probably the most difficult part of speech to explain, but people generally have an easier time understanding them when they look at lots of examples. So...let's start with some examples of commonly used prepositions!

in, for, of, off, if, until

The frog sat in the flower.

The baby cried for a long time.

I'm so convinced that memorizing some of the prepositions will be helpful to you that I'll teach you a preposition song .

Okay, now that we've looked at some examples, let's look at the definition of a preposition.

Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other word in the rest of the sentence.

Sentence diagrams will come to the rescue again to help us visualize what prepositions do. Think of prepositions as "noun hooks" or "noun bridges." In the diagram below, notice how the preposition down links the noun tree to the rest of the sentence.

The cat ran down the tree.

Since prepositions always function as "noun hooks," they'll always be accompanied by a noun. The preposition plus its noun is called a prepositional phrase .

If you find a word from the preposition list that's not a part of a prepositional phrase, it's not functioning as a preposition. (You remember that words can function as different parts of speech , right?)

7. Conjunctions

Conjunctions join things together. They can join words or groups of words (phrases and clauses).

The hummingbird sat and waited .

The conjunction and is joining the words sat and waited .

Do you live near the park or near the hospital ?

The conjunction or is joining the phrases near the park and near the hospital.

The two conjunctions we just looked at ( and and or ) belong to a subcategory called coordinating conjunctions, but there are other subcategories of conjunctions as well. The other one that we use most often is subordinating conjunctions . Subordinating conjunctions are a little trickier to learn because they involve a more complicated concept ( dependent adverb clauses ).

For now, just know that all conjunctions, no matter what type they are, connect things together. In fact, let's LOOK at how they do this by looking at a sentence diagram.

Here is a sentence diagram showing how the coordinating conjunction and connects two clauses.

english grammar preposition parts of speech

She cooked, and he cleaned.

8. Interjections

Interjections show excitement or emotion.

Wow ! That jump was amazing!

Phew , the baby finally fell asleep.

They are different from the other parts of speech in that they're not grammatically related to the rest of the sentence, and the way that we diagram them reflects that. Look at how we diagram interjections :

Yes ! We won the lottery!

The interjection yes sit sits there on its own line floating above the rest of the sentence. This helps show that it's not grammatically related to the other words in the sentence.

It's time to review what we covered on this page.

We can categorize the words that we use into groups based on their functions and features. We call these groups the parts of speech.
Many words can function as multiple parts of speech. You need to look at each word in the context of a sentence in order to say what part of speech it is.
The eight parts of speech are nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections.
You just learned about all of the parts of speech. Give yourself a high five!

If you'd like to teach or learn grammar the easy way—with sentence diagrams—check out our Get Smart Grammar Program .

It starts from the very beginning and teaches you grammar and sentence diagramming in easy, bite-size lessons.

Hello! I'm Elizabeth O'Brien, and my goal is to get you jazzed about grammar.

This is original content from https://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/parts-of-speech.html

Our Free Guide Gives You A Fun Way

To Teach And Learn The Basics v

Elizabeth O'Brien is the creator of Grammar Revolution.

Her lessons are guaranteed to give you more confidence in your communication skills and make you smile. :)

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Parts of Speech

Perfect english grammar.

Noun (apple, table, book, beauty, sky, life)
Verb (be, want, go, do, imagine)

Hello! I'm Seonaid! I'm here to help you understand grammar and speak correct, fluent English.

The 9 Parts of Speech: Definitions and Examples

Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
B.A., English, State University of New York

A part of speech is a term used in traditional grammar for one of the nine main categories into which words are classified according to their functions in sentences , such as nouns or verbs. Also known as word classes , these are the building blocks of grammar.

Parts of Speech

Word types can be divided into nine parts of speech:
prepositions
conjunctions
articles/determiners
interjections
Some words can be considered more than one part of speech, depending on context and usage.
Interjections can form complete sentences on their own.

Every sentence you write or speak in English includes words that fall into some of the nine parts of speech. These include nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections. (Some sources include only eight parts of speech and leave interjections in their own category.)

Learning the names of the parts of speech probably won't make you witty, healthy, wealthy, or wise. In fact, learning just the names of the parts of speech won't even make you a better writer. However, you will gain a basic understanding of sentence structure and the English language by familiarizing yourself with these labels.

Open and Closed Word Classes

The parts of speech are commonly divided into open classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) and closed classes (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections). The idea is that open classes can be altered and added to as language develops and closed classes are pretty much set in stone. For example, new nouns are created every day, but conjunctions never change.

In contemporary linguistics , the label part of speech has generally been discarded in favor of the term word class or syntactic category . These terms make words easier to qualify objectively based on word construction rather than context. Within word classes, there is the lexical or open class and the function or closed class.

The 9 Parts of Speech

Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.

Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they're the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.

Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence. They are more generic versions of nouns that refer only to people. Examples: I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, which, anybody, ourselves.

Verbs are action words that tell what happens in a sentence. They can also show a sentence subject's state of being ( is , was ). Verbs change form based on tense (present, past) and count distinction (singular or plural). Examples: sing, dance, believes, seemed, finish, eat, drink, be, became

Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They specify which one, how much, what kind, and more. Adjectives allow readers and listeners to use their senses to imagine something more clearly. Examples: hot, lazy, funny, unique, bright, beautiful, poor, smooth.

Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs. They specify when, where, how, and why something happened and to what extent or how often. Examples: softly, lazily, often, only, hopefully, softly, sometimes.

Preposition

Prepositions show spacial, temporal, and role relations between a noun or pronoun and the other words in a sentence. They come at the start of a prepositional phrase , which contains a preposition and its object. Examples: up, over, against, by, for, into, close to, out of, apart from.

Conjunction

Conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. There are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Examples: and, but, or, so, yet, with.

Articles and Determiners

Articles and determiners function like adjectives by modifying nouns, but they are different than adjectives in that they are necessary for a sentence to have proper syntax. Articles and determiners specify and identify nouns, and there are indefinite and definite articles. Examples: articles: a, an, the ; determiners: these, that, those, enough, much, few, which, what.

Some traditional grammars have treated articles as a distinct part of speech. Modern grammars, however, more often include articles in the category of determiners , which identify or quantify a noun. Even though they modify nouns like adjectives, articles are different in that they are essential to the proper syntax of a sentence, just as determiners are necessary to convey the meaning of a sentence, while adjectives are optional.

Interjection

Interjections are expressions that can stand on their own or be contained within sentences. These words and phrases often carry strong emotions and convey reactions. Examples: ah, whoops, ouch, yabba dabba do!

How to Determine the Part of Speech

Only interjections ( Hooray! ) have a habit of standing alone; every other part of speech must be contained within a sentence and some are even required in sentences (nouns and verbs). Other parts of speech come in many varieties and may appear just about anywhere in a sentence.

To know for sure what part of speech a word falls into, look not only at the word itself but also at its meaning, position, and use in a sentence.

For example, in the first sentence below, work functions as a noun; in the second sentence, a verb; and in the third sentence, an adjective:

The noun work is the thing Bosco shows up for.
The verb work is the action he must perform.
The attributive noun [or converted adjective] work modifies the noun permit .

Learning the names and uses of the basic parts of speech is just one way to understand how sentences are constructed.

Dissecting Basic Sentences

To form a basic complete sentence, you only need two elements: a noun (or pronoun standing in for a noun) and a verb. The noun acts as a subject and the verb, by telling what action the subject is taking, acts as the predicate.

In the short sentence above, birds is the noun and fly is the verb. The sentence makes sense and gets the point across.

You can have a sentence with just one word without breaking any sentence formation rules. The short sentence below is complete because it's a command to an understood "you".

Here, the pronoun, standing in for a noun, is implied and acts as the subject. The sentence is really saying, "(You) go!"

Constructing More Complex Sentences

Use more parts of speech to add additional information about what's happening in a sentence to make it more complex. Take the first sentence from above, for example, and incorporate more information about how and why birds fly.

Birds fly when migrating before winter.

Birds and fly remain the noun and the verb, but now there is more description.

When is an adverb that modifies the verb fly. The word before is a little tricky because it can be either a conjunction, preposition, or adverb depending on the context. In this case, it's a preposition because it's followed by a noun. This preposition begins an adverbial phrase of time ( before winter ) that answers the question of when the birds migrate . Before is not a conjunction because it does not connect two clauses.

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Parts of Speech: Essential Components of Language

Understanding the parts of speech is essential for anyone looking to improve their grasp on the English language. There are traditionally eight parts of speech, each serving a distinct function within a sentence. By familiarizing oneself with the functions and rules governing each part of speech, one can develop better communication skills, whether it’s through written or spoken language.

Overview of Parts of Speech

Nouns are words that denote a person, place, or thing. In a sentence, nouns answer the questions who and what. For example, in the sentence “The dog ran after the ball,” there are two nouns: “dog” and “ball.” Nouns can be further classified into common nouns, proper nouns, and collective nouns.

Common nouns: general names for people, places, or things (e.g., dog, city)
Proper nouns : specific names of a particular person, place, or thing (e.g., John, London)
Collective nouns: names for groups of things (e.g., flock, team)

2. Pronouns

Pronouns are words that replace nouns in a sentence. They help avoid repetition and make sentences less monotonous. For example, in the sentence “She gave her book to him,” the pronouns “she,” “her,” and “him” replace the respective nouns. Pronouns can be classified as:

Personal pronouns : I, you, he, she
Demonstrative pronouns : this, that, these, those
Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers
Reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself

3. Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. They provide additional information about the noun/pronoun, such as size, color, or emotion. For example, in the sentence “The red ball is big,” “red” and “big” are adjectives.

Verbs are words that express an action, occurrence, or state of being. They usually indicate what the subject (noun or pronoun) of the sentence is doing. For example, in the sentence “The dog barks,” “barks” is the verb. Verbs can be classified as:

Action verbs: run, jump, eat, think
Linking verbs : be, seem, become, appear
Helping/auxiliary verbs : have, do, will, should

Adverbs are words that modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They provide additional information about the action or quality of an action, such as how, when, or where it took place. For example, in the sentence “The dog barks loudly,” “loudly” is an adverb.

6. Prepositions

Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and other words in a sentence. They usually indicate direction, location, or time. Common prepositions include:

Direction : to, from, across, through, towards
Location : in, on, at, under, above
Time : before, after, during, since, until

7. Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that connect words or groups of words in sentences. They help form complex sentences and provide a flow of ideas. There are three main types of conjunctions:

Coordinating conjunctions : and, but, or, for, so (connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance)
Subordinating conjunctions : because, if, although, when (introduce dependent clauses)
Correlative conjunctions : either…or, neither…nor, both…and (work in pairs to connect similar elements)

8. Interjections

Interjections are short, abrupt words or phrases that express strong emotion or surprise. They are usually set apart from the rest of the sentence by punctuation, such as an exclamation mark or a comma. Examples of interjections include:

Surprise: oh, wow, ouch
Agreement: yes, indeed, exactly
Disagreement: no, nonsense, definitely not

9. Articles

Articles are a type of determiner that precede nouns to specify the noun’s definiteness (whether it is specific or general) and can be classified as:

Definite article: the (refers to a specific noun)
Indefinite articles : a, an (refers to a non-specific noun)

Sentence Examples for the 8 Parts of Speech

In this section, we will provide examples of sentences that illustrate the 8 parts of speech in English. The parts of speech include nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.

Word Classes and Categories

Parts of speech in a language can be subcategorized into word classes and categories, making it easier to study and understand grammar. Word classes can be defined as groups of words that share similar linguistic properties, while categories refer to the roles they play in sentences.

There are generally two basic types of word classes: open and closed. Open word classes are the ones that regularly acquire new words as the language evolves. These include nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. On the other hand, closed word classes comprise pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections. Closed classes usually remain constant over time, with new words being infrequent additions.

Some major word class categories are:

Nouns : These represent people, places, things, or ideas. Examples include “dog,” “city,” and “happiness.”
Verbs : These express actions, states, or occurrences. Examples include “run,” “is,” and “become.”
Adjectives : These describe qualities or characteristics of nouns. Examples include “tall,” “red,” and “happy.”
Adverbs : These modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Examples include “quickly,” “very,” and “well.”

Word classes can be further divided into subcategories based on their specific functions or forms. For instance, nouns can be categorized as proper nouns (e.g., “John”) or common nouns (e.g., “man”), while verbs can be classified as transitive (e.g., “eat”) or intransitive (e.g., “sleep”).

Dictionaries play a crucial role in defining word classes by providing definitions, grammatical information, and usage examples for each word. It helps users understand which category a word belongs to and how it functions in a sentence.

English Language Grammar and Structure

Sentence structure.

In the English language, the foundation of grammar lies in the structure of sentences. A sentence consists of words arranged in a specific order, following a set of rules to convey a complete thought. The basic structure of an English sentence consists of a subject, a verb, and an object. For example:

Furthermore, sentences can be simple, compound, or complex, depending on the number of independent and dependent clauses they contain.

Parts of Speech Relationships

English grammar can be broken down into eight primary parts of speech, each with a unique function in the structure of sentences. These parts of speech are as follows:

Nouns : They represent people, animals, things, or ideas. Examples: dog, city, love, time.
Pronouns : These words replace nouns to avoid repetition, such as he, she, they, it, and their.
Verbs : They describe actions, states, or occurrences, like eat, think, and know.
Adjectives : Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns, providing more details or descriptions, for instance, red, happy, or large.
Adverbs : They modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, giving more information about the manner, place, time, or degree. Examples: quickly, very, well.
Prepositions : These words show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence, including location or time. Examples: in, on, at, between.
Conjunctions : They connect words, phrases, or clauses, providing coherence and fluency to sentences. Examples: and, but, because, although.
Interjections : They express emotions or reactions, often followed by an exclamation point. Examples: oh, wow, ouch, great.

Frequently Asked Questions on Parts of Speech

What are the parts of speech.

The parts of speech are different categories of words based on their usage and role in a sentence. In the English language, there are eight traditional parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.

Can you provide examples of each part of speech?

Certainly! Here are examples for each part of speech:

Nouns : cat, book, happiness, city
Pronouns : he, she, they, whose
Verbs : run, think, be, have
Adjectives : happy, large, warm, yellow
Adverbs : quickly, very, almost, gently
Prepositions : in, on, of, with
Conjunctions : and, but, or, yet
Interjections : ouch, hooray, wow, oh

So interesting page

Parts of Speech

What is a Part of Speech?

We can categorize English words into 9 basic types called "parts of speech" or "word classes". It's quite important to recognize parts of speech. This helps you to analyze sentences and understand them. It also helps you to construct good sentences.

Parts of Speech Table

Parts of speech examples.

Parts of Speech Quiz

This is a summary of the 9 parts of speech*. You can find more detail if you click on each part of speech.

lexical Verbs ( work, like, run )
auxiliary Verbs ( be, have, must )
Determiners may be treated as adjectives, instead of being a separate part of speech.

Here are some examples of sentences made with different English parts of speech:

Here is a sentence that contains every part of speech:

Words with More Than One Job

Many words in English can have more than one job, or be more than one part of speech. For example, "work" can be a verb and a noun; "but" can be a conjunction and a preposition; "well" can be an adjective, an adverb and an interjection. In addition, many nouns can act as adjectives.

To analyze the part of speech, ask yourself: "What job is this word doing in this sentence?"

In the table below you can see a few examples. Of course, there are more, even for some of the words in the table. In fact, if you look in a good dictionary you will see that the word " but " has six jobs to do:

verb, noun, adverb, pronoun, preposition and conjunction!

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FAQ: frequently asked parts of speech questions

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Parts of Speech

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Who vs. Whom
Who, That, Which
Adjectives and Adverbs
Other Parts of Speech

The 8 Parts of Speech in English Grammar

Introduction.

In English grammar, The fundamental components of language that are essential for constructing meaningful and grammatically correct sentences are known as parts of speech. This article will delve into the eight parts of speech, providing definitions, examples, and insights into their distinct roles within sentences.

What are Parts of Speech?

Parts of Speech Defined

In grammar, parts of speech , also referred to as lexical categories, grammatical categories, or word classes, categorize words based on their linguistic functions. These parts play a crucial role in sentence construction by conveying specific meanings and relationships between words.

In English, there are eight parts of speech:

Adjectives.
Interjection.
Conjunction.

Prepositions

Let’s explore these parts of speech in more detail!

A List of 8 Parts of Speech

Definition: Verbs express actions or states of being within a sentence.

She goes to school every day.
He writes a diary entry every night.
The unicorn exists only in myths.
They are happy together.

English has various types of verbs:

A. Action Verbs : Action verbs denote physical or mental actions and are the most common type of verbs. These verbs can be conjugated in simple and continuous tenses

She runs in the park every morning. (Simple Present
He thought deeply about life. (Simple past)
Look at the students are copying the lesson. (Present Continuous)

B. Stative Verbs: Stative verbs express a state of being or conditions that are not changing or likely to change. In contrast to action verbs, these verbs can’t be conjugated into continuous tenses. It is incorrect to say “The book is belonging to Jane.”

The necklace belongs to her.
They love each other deeply.
He prefers tea to coffee.

C. Linking Verbs: Linking verbs connect the subject of a sentence to a subject complement, which describes or identifies the subject.

She is a teacher.
The plan seems perfect.
They become friends quickly.

D. Helping (Auxiliary) Verbs: Helping verbs work in conjunction with the main verb to express nuances such as tense, mood, or voice.

She has finished her homework.
They will come to the party.
He is working on a project.

E. Modal Verbs: Modal verbs express ability, possibility, necessity, or permission.

She can swim very well.
You must finish your assignment.
He may join us later.

F. Transitive Verbs: Transitive verbs require a direct object to complete their meaning.

She eats an apple.
They built a sandcastle.
He reads a book every night.

G. Intransitive Verbs : Intransitive verbs do not require a direct object to convey a complete meaning.

She runs every morning.
They laughed loudly.
He arrived early.

READ MOR ABOUT VERBS

Definition: Nouns represent people, animals, objects, substances, states, events, ideas, and feelings. They function as subjects or objects and can be modified by adjectives.

Here are the major noun characteristics:

Nouns identify people, places, things, or ideas in a sentence.
Nouns can serve as subjects, objects, or indirect objects.
Nouns can be modified by adjectives or possessive pronouns.
Nouns can be singular or plural.

There are different types of nouns:

Common Nouns: Refer to general, non-specific entities (e.g., dog, city).
Proper Nouns: Refer to specific, unique entities and are capitalized (e.g., John, Paris).
Countable Nouns: Can be counted and have both singular and plural forms (e.g., book, books).
Uncountable Nouns: Cannot be counted individually and lack a plural form (e.g., water, knowledge).
Concrete Nouns: Refer to tangible, physical entities (e.g., table, tree).
Abstract Nouns: Refer to intangible concepts or qualities (e.g., love, courage).
Collective Nouns: Denote a group or collection of individuals (e.g., team, family).
Compound Nouns: Comprise two or more words to express a single concept (e.g., toothpaste, basketball).

Example sentences with nouns:

John is my neighbor.
lion: The lion roared loudly.
table: The table is made of oak.
freedom: Freedom is a precious gift.
love: Love conquers all.

READ MOR ABOUT NOUNS

Definition: Adjectives describe or specify nouns or pronouns. Examples of adjectives include good, beautiful, nice, my, etc.

It’s a good day.
She wears a beautiful dress.
He has a nice car.
This is my house.

Conjunctions

Definition: Conjunctions connect clauses, sentences, or words.

There are three types of conjunctions in English:

Coordinating Conjunctions:

Examples: and, but, or
Sentence: She likes tea and coffee.

Correlative Conjunctions:

Examples: not only…but also, either…or
Sentence: He is not only smart but also diligent.

Subordinating Conjunctions:

Examples: although, because, since
Sentence: Although it’s raining, we will go out.

More example sentences:

She is rich and successful.
He is intelligent, but he is shy.
Although it’s raining, we will go out.
They won because they worked hard.

Interjections

Definition: Interjections express surprise or emotion. Examples of interjections include oh, wow, alas, yippee, etc.

oh!: Oh! That was unexpected.
Good Lord: Good Lord, what a mess!

Analyzing Sentence Structure (Parts of Speech)

In the following examples, we will analyze the structure of sentences to identify the different parts of speech used.

Sample Sentences:

My (adjective) friend (noun) speaks (verb) English (noun) fluently (adverb).
Oh! (interjection) I (pronoun) went (verb) to (preposition) school (noun) and (conjunction) I (pronoun) met (verb) Fred (noun).

In conclusion, parts of speech serve as crucial categories that describe the distinct roles words play within a sentence. A comprehensive grasp of these categories empowers you to discern how words function, fostering a deeper understanding of language nuances.

1. How many parts of speech are used in English? In English, there are traditionally eight parts of speech.

2. Are there 9 parts of speech? No, there are traditionally eight parts of speech in English.

3. Are articles and determiners parts of speech? Yes, articles and determiners are considered parts of speech. They fall under the category of adjectives.

4. How do you identify parts of speech in a sentence? To identify parts of speech in a sentence, analyze the function of each word. Determine whether it expresses an action (verb), describes a noun (adjective), modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb (adverb), replaces a noun (pronoun), connects words or groups of words (conjunction), shows a relationship (preposition), or expresses strong emotion (interjection).

Types of Verbs
Types of Adjectives
Types of Noun
Participles
Phrases and Clauses
Parts of Speech
Parts of a Sentence
Determiners
Parallelism
Direct & Indirect Speech
Modal Verbs
Relative Clauses
Nominalisation
Substitution & Ellipsis
Demonstratives
Pronoun Reference
Confusing Words
Online Grammar Quizzes
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8 Parts of Speech

The 8 parts of speech in English are: Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Prepositions, Pronouns, Conjunctions, and Interjections.

A part of speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical functions or properties. In other words, they play similar roles in a sentence. For instance, a verb shows the action of a subject or the subject's state of being.

We'll now look in more detail at the function of each of these parts of speech.

Understanding the 8 Parts of Speech

Nouns are words used to talk about people, places, things, or ideas/concepts. Here are some examples:

Person: The President
Place: London
Thing: Table
Idea/concept: Neo-liberalism

So it may be naming something we can touch ( e.g. table; book; car ) or something we cannot touch ( e.g. Neo-liberalism; happiness; wish ).

There are both common nouns, used for classes of people, places, things, or ideas/concepts, and proper nouns, which is their given name, always with a capital letter.

Common Nouns

political party

Proper Nouns

Chester Avenue

Learn more about the various types of noun >>

Another of the 8 parts of speech are adjectives. They describe nouns or pronouns. They can come before or after the noun/pronoun they describe:

Absolute Adjectives

The large shopping complex
The excited child
She is happy
It was a shocking film
Her dress was lovely
He's a good-looking man

These are absolute adjectives , but they can also be comparative (comparing two or more things) or superlative (showing degree or quality):

Comparative Adjectives

She's fitter than the others
Their house is bigger
I ran faster than you
Cats are more agile than dogs
Sue's more tired than Tim

Superlative Adjectives

She's the fittest
Their house is the biggest
I ran the fastest
Cats are the most agile
Sue's the most tired

There are various other types of adjective. Learn more about the different types of adjectives >>

Adverbs modify verbs, other adverbs, and adjectives. There are adverbs of manner, time, place and degree . Here are examples of each being modified in relation to verbs, adverbs, and adjectives (the word being modified is underlined):

Adverbs Modifying Verbs

He runs fast
Ian quickly left the room
She spoke slowly

Adverbs Modifying Other Adverbs

He runs exceptionally fast
Ian very quickly left the room
She spoke extremely slowly

Adverbs Modifying Adjectives

She's really excited
He's happily married
The elegantly designed dress is mine

Verbs form part of the predicate of a sentence.

In relation to the subject, they are used to express a physical action (e.g. walk; speak; show) or a mental action (e.g. think; feel; want). They can also express a state of being , mainly with the verb 'to be' but also some others.

Here are some examples:

Physical Action

He ran home
They chose the blue one

Mental Activity

I am thinking about it
Ian guessed the answer
She believes in ghosts

State of Being

She is a police woman
They seem worried

These though are main verbs. They have many other uses in a sentence so you should read about all the types of verbs further.

Prepositions

Another of the 8 parts of speech are prepositions. These show the relationship between two words or phrases in a sentence. They precede a noun or pronoun.

Commons examples of prepositions are above, up, upon, at, before, behind, since, to, through, under, until, with, within, about, against, along, around, beside, between, down, during, below, by, except, for, from, in, into, like, near, of, off, on, toward.

In these example sentences with prepositions, the two words whose relationship is being expressed are underlined and the prepositions are in bold:

The book is on the table
He is the leader of the conservative party
The boy picked up the toy under the sofa
This is a present for your mother

Pronouns replace nouns and they prevent us from repeating the noun in a sentence. These are the types of pronouns with some examples:

Personal e.g. I; you; they; she
Possessive e.g. mine; yours; his; theirs
Relative e.g. who; which; that; whom
Demonstrative e.g. this; these; those
Reciprocal e.g. one another; each other
Emphatic / Reflexive e.g. myself; herself; itself; ourselves
Interrogative e.g. what; which; whom; whose

Here are some examples of these words used in sentences:

Martha decided she would leave
Why don't you use his car instead of mine
Mick is a person who learns quickly
Shall we buy some of these ?
They began to argue with each other
Jenny is pleased with herself
What time is he coming?

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are the of the 8 parts of speech responsible for joining together words, phrases, or clauses. There are three types:

Coordinating: and; or; but; so; yet; for; nor
Correlative: neither/nor; either/or; not only/but also
Subordinating: e.g. although; because; while; which; where; until

Coordinating Conjunctions

Used to connect like for like words (e.g. noun+noun):

I like apples and oranges ( 2 nouns )
His speech was slow but effective ( 2 adjectives )
Shall I say it loudly or quietly? ( 2 adverbs )

Or simple sentences (independent clauses):

I find the music annoying but she finds It pleasant
She came to the lecture late so she missed everything important
She took her umbrella for it was raining hard

Correlative Conjunctions

Used to join alternative or equal elements:

He felt neither happy nor sad about it
Sue had to decide to either quit or carry on
I went not only to Australia but also to New Zealand

Subordinating Conjunctions

Used to join subordinate clauses to main clauses:

The government won't vote on the bill until both parties agree
I'm still not tired although it is late
I'll eat the dish which you don't like

Interjections

Interjections are words used to express an emotion or a sentiment such as surprise, joy, disgust, fear, excitement, pain, or enthusiasm.

They usually appear at the start of a sentence and are not connected to it grammatically. Here are some examples of interjections in sentences:

Wow , that's an amazing score!
Oh , I didn't know you failed the exam
Well , we better not leave too late
Ow , that really hurt!
Ah , I understand now
Oops , I've forgotten to bring the sandwiches

Are there only 8 Parts of Speech?

Sometimes rather than 8 parts of speech, you may see 9 or 10 listed. This is because some people treat articles and determiners as separate categories.

However, when there are only 8 parts of speech considered (as above), this is because as these two types of word modify nouns, they are classified under adjectives.

Now practice what you have learned in our identifying parts of speech quiz

More on Sentence Structure:

Parts of a Sentence: Subject, Verbs, Objects, Predicates, Complements

The main parts of a sentence are subjects, verbs, objects, predicates, and subject complements. All of these have a specific purpose within the structure of a sentence.

How to Use Either and Neither with Examples

Advice on how to use either and neither in English grammar. They can be adjectives, adverbs, pronouns and conjunctions.

Using Object Complements in a Sentence

Using object complements in a sentence enhances your ability to convey specific information about actions and their outcomes.

Examples of Parallelism in English Grammar

View examples of parallelism in English grammar that show you correct and incorrect parallel sentences.

Direct and Indirect Objects: The Differences

Direct and indirect objects are key parts of most sentences. A direct object is the receiver of action while indirect object identifies to or for whom or what the action of the verb is performed.

Subject Complements: Predicate Adjectives and Predicate Nominatives

Here we demystify subject complements, predicate adjectives, and predicate nominatives with simple explanations and examples.

Parallelism Grammar Rules (Parallel Structure)

Parallelism is about balancing the grammatical structure of words, phrases and clauses in your sentences. Parallel structure will improve your writing's coherence.

Types of Clauses in English Grammar - Independent and Dependent Clause

The two types of clauses in English grammar are the independent and dependent clause. Both have a subject and verb which makes them clauses, but while independent clauses express a complete thought, dependent clauses do not. This is the main distinction.

Nominalisation in English Grammar: High Level Writing Tips

Nominalisation is an important aspect of academic writing. This lesson teachers you what this is and how you can use it effectively in your writing.

Phrases and Clauses - Building good sentences

Phrases and clauses are the key building blocks of sentences. A clause contains a subject and a verb and can express a complete thought. A phrase does not contain a subject or verb.

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Parts of speech – English grammar

30th January 2018 by Andrew 5 Comments

In English grammar, there are 8 different types of words:

Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Verbs Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions Interjections

The 8 types are called “parts of speech”. Each part of speech has a specific use and function within the language.

In this lesson you will learn the use and function of each part of speech:

What are nouns?

Nouns are words that name: 1) things : table, chair 2) people : Mark, Jane, pilot, singer, driver 3) animals : dog, cat 4) places : New York, England 5) concepts, ideas and emotions : hope, love, sadness

If you look around you, everything you see is a noun!

Mark is driving a car .

What are pronouns?

Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. Pronouns replace nouns. Sometimes, we do not want to use a noun or an actual noun is not appropriate. So we use a pronoun.

There are different types of pronouns as follows:

Personal pronouns

Personal pronouns take the place of nouns referring to people. If the person is the subject of the sentence, we use a personal subject pronoun.

Personal subject pronouns : I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Examples : Mark is in the kitchen. He is cooking.

In the above example, Mark is a noun. In the second sentence, “ he ” is a personal subject pronoun that replaces the noun “Mark”. We choose to use a pronoun in order to avoid repetition.

If the person is the object of the sentence, we use a personal object pronoun.

Personal object pronouns : me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Example : Mark does not like me .

Possessive pronouns

Possessive pronouns : mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

Possessive pronouns indicate who owns something. Who possesses something? To whom does something belong?

Example : Is that David’s car? No, it is mine .

In the above example, the pronoun “ mine ” is the first person singular. It replaces the noun “car” and also indicates who owns the car.

What are adjectives?

Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns. Adjectives give more details and more information about a noun or pronoun.

Adjectives can give us more information about a noun in the following ways:

The quality or type

Mark is driving a black car.

In the above example, “car” is a noun and “ black ” is an adjective describing the noun “car”. The adjective “ black ” gives us more information about the car by telling us the colour.

Example : Mark is driving a big car.

Example : Mark has several cars.

Possession and ownership

Possessive adjectives : my, your, his, her, its, our, their

Example : It is his car.

What are verbs?

Verbs are words that show an action.

Examples : Mark drives a bus. Jane is drinking a cup of coffee. We played football.

Verbs can also show a state. These types of verbs are often linking verbs. They give us more information about the subject of the sentence.

Examples : Jane was angry. I feel ill. Mark is tired.

Verbs have different tenses which indicate: time (past, present or future) aspect (completed or continuous)

We can also categorise verbs as transitive or intransitive. A transitive verb has a direct object but an intransitive verb does not.

What are adverbs?

Adverbs are words that describe or modify verbs.

Examples : Mark is running quickly . (adverb of manner) Jane never drinks coffee. (adverb of frequency) We will go there tomorrow. (adverb of place)

Adverbs can also describe or modify other adverbs

Example : Mark is running quickly . > Mark is running very quickly .

Adverbs can also describe or modify adjectives

Examples : Mark is tired . > Mark is very tired . The car is expensive . > The car is too expensive .

What are conjunctions?

Conjunctions join words, phrases, or clauses together.

Common examples of conjunctions: and, or, because, so, but, while, for.

The telephone rang while I was cooking dinner. I like cats and dogs. I am hungry but I don’t have any food.

What are prepositions?

Prepositions connect noun phrases to another part of the sentence. Preposition means “place before”. It is usually before the noun phrase.

There are different types of preposition in English:

Prepositions of place

Prepositions of place describe where something is.

in, on, at, under, over

Examples : Mark is in the kitchen. The lamp is on the table.

Prepositions of time

in, on, at, during, for

Prepositions of time describe time and when something happens.

Examples : Please don’t talk during the lesson. I am going to London for a week. I go to the cinema on Saturdays.

Prepositions to describe method

Examples : I will send you the offer by email. He gave me an answer in writing.

What are interjections?

Interjections are small words without any real grammatical value. Interjections express emotion. They are common in spoken English.

Examples : Brrr ! It’s cold in here. (to express feeling cold.)

Damn ! I missed the train. (to express disappointment or frustration)

Hurray ! I won the lottery. (to express feeling pleased.)

Shh ! Please don’t talk during the film. (to ask people to be quiet.)

Related lessons

Personal pronouns in English Countable and uncountable nouns | English grammar Plural forms of English nouns FOR and DURING – English prepositions The prepositions FOR and SINCE Prepositions of time “by” and “until” IELTS online course and writing corrections

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Reader Interactions

radhasri says

31st January 2018 at 12:59 pm

In the beginning, I would like to thank you much about this great post. Its very useful and helpful for anyone looking for tips to help him learn and master English. I like your writing style and I hope to keep this good working. I hope to find more resources here to help me improve my English skills for free. Thanks once again for your efforts regarding this topic and I hope to read more topics like this. Have fun and keep good working.

J. Peo says

15th December 2019 at 1:11 am

what part of speech is the word “sad” and the word “joy?”

24th January 2020 at 3:59 pm

“sad” is an adjective “joy” is a noun

Anil saharan says

27th September 2020 at 11:00 am

Sir ” please” and “pleasure”me konsa parts of speech h. Tell me

Please me konsa parts of speech h. Or abstract noun me please ka pleasure hota h Kya h

8th February 2021 at 5:40 pm

MiniMize mai kon sa part of speech hai

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Learning English can be a challenge, especially if it's not your native language. One of the hardest concepts to grasp is the role of words in sentences. It's important to understand any part of speech and how it’s used. This article will provide a handy reference on the different parts of speech with examples to help you better understand the ideas.

Parts of Speech Chart

The first step to understanding the different parts of speech is to know what they are and how they are used. The parts of speech chart is a great tool for understanding different words and how they interact with each other.

Use it as your reference for parts of speech examples!

Now that you can identify the different parts of speech, let's dive a little deeper into each one.

Adjectives help us describe or modify a noun or pronoun. For example, in the sentence "The big, red balloon," the words "big" and "red" are adjectives because they are used to describe the noun “balloon.”

Examples of using adjectives :

Compare two things. For example, in the sentence "She is taller than her brother," the word "taller" is an adjective because it is used to compare two people.
Describe the quantity of something. For example, in the sentence "She ate five cookies," the word "five" is an adjective used to describe the quantity of cookies.
Describe feelings or emotions. For example, in the sentence "He was angry," the word "angry" is an adjective that is used to describe the feeling of anger.
Show the size of something. For example, in the sentence "The elephant was huge," the word "huge" is an adjective because it describes the size of the elephant.
Show the shape of something. For example, in the sentence "The triangle was sharp," the word "sharp" is an adjective because it is used to describe the shape of the triangle.
Show the color of something. For example, in the sentence "The sky was blue," the word "blue" is an adjective because it is used to describe the color of the sky.

Adverbs help us describe or modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. For example, in the sentence "She quickly ran to the store," the word "quickly" is an adverb because it is used to describe the verb “ran.”

Examples of using adverbs :

Describe the manner in which something is done. For example, in the sentence "He spoke softly," the word "softly" is an adverb that describes the manner in which he spoke.
Describe the frequency of something. For example, in the sentence "He often goes to the store," the word "often" is an adverb used to describe the frequency with which he goes to the store.
Describe the degree of something. For example, in the sentence "He was very tired," the word "very" is an adverb used to describe the degree of his tiredness.
Describe the time of something. For example, in the sentence "She arrived late," the word "late" is an adverb used to describe the time of her arrival.

Verbs are words that are used to express an action, occurrence, or state of being. For example, in the sentence "She walked to the store," the word "walked" is a verb because it is used to express the action of walking.

Examples of using verbs:

Express a physical sensation. For example, in the sentence "He felt sick," the word "felt" is a verb because it is used to express the physical sensation of being sick.
Express a mental state. For example, in the sentence "She was confused," the word "was" is a verb because it is used to express the mental state of confusion.
Express an opinion. For example, in the sentence "They thought it was a good idea," the word "thought" is a verb used to express the opinion that it was a good idea.
Express a desire. For example, in the sentence "He wanted to go home," the word "wanted" is a verb because it is used to express the desire to go home.

Nouns are words that help us identify a person, place, thing, or idea. For example, in the sentence "The store was busy," the word "store" is a noun because it is used to identify a place.

Examples of using nouns:

Refer to a specific object. For example, in the sentence "She bought a book," the word "book" is a noun because it is used to refer to a specific object.
Refer to an abstract concept or idea. For example, in the sentence "He wanted freedom," the word "freedom" is a noun because it is used to refer to an abstract concept.
Refer to a person's occupation. For example, in the sentence "She is a teacher," the word "teacher" is a noun because it is used to refer to a person's occupation.
Refer to a feeling or emotion. For example, in the sentence "He felt sadness," the word "sadness" is a noun because it is used to refer to a feeling or emotion.

Pronouns are words used instead of a noun or noun phrase. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store," the word "she" is a pronoun because it is used in place of the noun “woman.”

Examples of using pronouns:

Refer to a specific person or thing. For example, in the sentence "He gave it to them," the word "it" is a pronoun because it refers to a specific thing.
Refer to groups of people or things. In the sentence "They went to the store," the word "they" is a pronoun because it refers to a group.
Refer to a place or thing that has already been mentioned. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store and then came back," the word "it" is a pronoun because it is used to refer to the store that has already been mentioned.
Refer to a person or thing whose gender is unknown. For example, in the sentence "Someone left their bag," the word "their" is a pronoun because it refers to a person or thing whose gender is unknown.

Articles are words that are used to introduce a noun or noun phrase. For example, in the sentence "A store was busy," the word "a" is an article because it is used to introduce the noun “store.”

Examples of using articles:

Refer to a specific person or thing. For example, in the sentence "She bought the book," the word "the" is an article because it is used to refer to a specific book.
Refer to groups of people or things. For example, in the sentence "The students went to the store," the word "the" is an article because it refers to a group of people.
Refer to a place or thing that has already been mentioned. For example, in the sentence "He went to the store, but I didn't," the word "the" is an article because it is used to refer to the store that has already been mentioned.

Prepositions

Prepositions are words that are used to express a relationship between two other words in a sentence. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store," the word "to" is a preposition because it is used to express the relationship between the words "she" and “store.”

Examples of using prepositions:

Express a location. For example, in the sentence "The store is across the street," the word "across" is a preposition because it is used to express the location of the store.
Express time. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store yesterday," the word "yesterday" is a preposition because it is used to express the time that she went to the store.
Express the direction of something. For example, in the sentence "She walked up the stairs," the word "up" is a preposition because it is used to express the direction of her walk.
Express a cause. For example, in the sentence "She was late because of the traffic," the word "because" is a preposition because it is used to express the cause of her lateness.

Conjunctions

Conjunctions help us connect words or groups of words. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store and then came back," the word "and" is a conjunction because it helps us connect the two clauses.

Examples of using conjunctions:

Show contrast. For example, in the sentence "He wanted to go home, but he stayed," the word "but" is a conjunction that we use to show contrast between the two clauses.
Express a cause or purpose. For example, in the sentence "She was late because she missed the bus," the word "because" is a conjunction that we use to express the cause of her lateness.
Express an alternative. For example, in the sentence "She went to the store or she went to the park," the word "or" is a conjunction because it is used to express an alternative.
Express a result. For example, in the sentence "She was tired so she went to bed," the word "so" is a conjunction that helps express the result of her being tired.

Interjections

Interjections are words that express emotion or surprise. For example, in the sentence "Wow, the store was really busy!" the word "wow" is an interjection because it is used to express surprise.

Examples of using interjections:

Express joy. For example, in the sentence "Yay, I got an A!" the word "yay" is an interjection because it is used to express joy.
Express disappointment. For example, in the sentence "Oh, I didn't get the job," the word "oh" is an interjection because it is used to express disappointment.
Express surprise. For example, in the sentence "Oh my gosh, I can't believe it!" the phrase "oh my gosh" is an interjection because it is used to express surprise.
Express excitement. For example, in the sentence "Yippee, I got the job!" the word "yippee" is an interjection because it is used to express excitement.

Learning English can be a challenge, but understanding the different parts of speech is an important step in becoming a proficient speaker. After enough practice, you will be able to easily identify what are some parts of speech in English without having to think about them.

Check out specific references for each part you’re interested in to learn more about them!

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8 Parts of Speech Definitions With Examples

The 8 parts of speech definitions with examples include nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections.

By using proper grammar in your writing and speaking, you will communicate clearly and effectively with your subject or audience! Moreover, by learning and understanding the 8 parts of speech, you will be able to master proper grammar in your writing and speaking. Below are the 8 parts of speech definitions with examples!

TOC – 8 Parts of Speech Definitions With Examples

Prepositions
Conjunctions
Interjections

Definition of Parts of Speech: A part of speech is a category to which a word is assigned in accordance with its syntactic functions.

To put it very simply, a part of speech identifies a word in accordance with its function in a sentence such as: a noun, a verb, an adjective, a pronoun, an adverb, a preposition, a conjunction and an interjection.

Some Examples of Parts of Speech:

The driver died in the car accident. (Noun)
The prisoner escaped from the moving van. (Verb)
The violent criminal changed his ways in prison. (Adjective)
The students were late so they ran to class. (Pronoun)
The bus will leave soon. (Adverb)
He left his computer in the house. (Preposition)
David and Jonathan fished all day with no success. (Conjunction)
Wow! What a magnificent photograph! (Interjection)

Definition of Nouns: Nouns are naming words and they name persons, places, things, animals, qualities, feelings, actions or ideas.

Examples of Nouns:

Jonathan and Rachel are excellent workers (Naming a Person).
Australia and New Zealand are island continents in the South Pacific (Naming a Place).
The boat sank in the river (Naming a Thing).
The dog jumped the fence (Naming an Animal).
Courage and bravery are two heroic qualities (Naming a Quality).
Candice experienced both happiness and sadness at her mother’s funeral (Naming a Feeling).
He demanded justice for all (Naming an Idea).

Examples of Types of Nouns:

Jennifer is my best friend (Proper Noun).
I read several books a week (Common Noun).
Emma parked her vehicle in the driveway (Concrete Noun).
His joy overwhelmed the crowd (Abstract Noun).
I gave my brother a pack of cards for his birthday (Collective Noun).
My mother-in-law drives a new car (Compound Noun).
The photographer took a variety of photographs at the school picnic (Countable Noun).
The jogger brought his water with him (Non-Countable Noun).
Jonathan’s pickup is being repaired (Possessive Noun).
His return was a complete surprise (Verbal Noun).

You can learn more about the types of nouns in English grammar by checking out 10 Types of Nouns With Examples. You will find each type of noun explained with several examples so that your skill levels to recognize nouns will increase.

Examples of Functions of Nouns:

David arrived late to the party (Noun Functions as Subject).
Rebekah washed the dishes before she went to school (Noun Functions as Direct Object).
Jonathan taught the students public speaking in class (Noun Functions as Indirect Object).
Scott is the minister of the local church (Noun Functions as Predicate Nominative).
The traffic stopped at the lights (Noun Functions as Object of Preposition).
My assistant, Brad, shared the message on Sunday (Noun Functions as an Appositive).
Rebekah named her dog Bailey (Noun Functions as Objective Complement).
Class, it is time for fire drill (Noun Functions as Noun of Direct Address).

You can learn more about the functions of Nouns in English grammar by clicking on The 8 Noun Functions With Examples. You will find each function explained with examples to help you develop your skills in recognizing the different ways nouns function.

Definition of Verbs: Verbs show action or state-of-being.

Examples of Verb Types:

The dog jumped the fence (Action Verb).
Rachel is beautiful (State-of-Being Verb).
Brad hits the ball over the fence (Action Verb).
The song sounds awful (State-of-Being).
Emma walked the dog in the park (Action Verb).

Examples of Verb Functions:

Candice writes a letter to her friend (Transitive Verb).
Candice writes beautifully (Intransitive Verb).
David walked the dog in the park (Transitive Verb).
David walked in the park in the rain (Intransitive Verb).
Emma became an apprentice hairdresser (Intransitive Verb).

Examples of Verb Voices:

John rode the bike to school (Active Voice).
The bike was ridden by John (Passive Voice).
Jennifer led the worship service (Active Voice).
The worship service was led by Jennifer (Passive Voice).
The criminal was punished by the courts (Passive Voice).

You can learn more about how to identify types, functions and voices of verbs by clicking on How To Identify Verbs With Examples. This will help you develop your writing and speaking gifts.

3. Adjectives

Definition of Adjectives: Adjectives are words that describe or modify other words in a sentence thus making your writing and speaking more specific and interesting.

Examples of Several Types Adjectives:

English grammar will help you develop your writing and speaking skills (Proper Adjective).
Rachel had beautiful hair (Descriptive Adjective).
My son bought an expensive car (Qualitative Adjective).
The black cat ran in front of the car (Attributive Adjective).
The cat is black (Predicative Adjective).
My husband has a single focus for life (Quantitative Adjective).
I can get twenty-four hours of service in our location (Numeral Adjective).
I want those people charged for robbery (Demonstrative Adjective).
David wants every person evacuated safely (Distributive Adjective).
What time will you arrived home from the game (Interrogative Adjective)?
The students will submit their assignments on time (Possessive Adjective).
It is a long, narrow, winding road to the mountain top (Sequence Adjectives).
Emma is a happy and lively person (Coordinate Adjectives).
That was one nasty old man who drove the school bus this morning (Cumulative Adjectives).
The murderer is a cold-blooded person (Compound Adjective).
The builder bought a house in the country (Article Adjectives).
Jonathan wants a few minutes of your time (Indefinite Adjective).
The first person in the line collapsed onto the floor (Ordinal Adjective).
The two men were jailed for life (Cardinal Adjective).

Learning to recognize the different types of adjectives will help you develop your speaking and writing skills so that you can be more specific, interesting and colorful in the way you express yourself.

4. Pronouns

Definition of Pronouns: Pronouns are words that replace nouns in sentence in order to avoid repeating the same noun over and over again.

Examples of Several Types of Pronouns :

Dad, will you help me with my assignment (Personal Pronoun)?
These books are mine (Possessive Pronoun).
Give me that (Demonstrative Pronoun)!
Some made thousands from the market collapse (Indefinite Pronoun).
The player who was warmed about his behavior lost his spot on the team (Relative Pronoun).
Candice saw herself in the mirror (Reflective Pronoun).
David repairs the car himself (Emphatic Pronoun).

You can learn more about the different types of pronouns in English grammar with examples by clicking on Types of Pronouns With Examples. You will find a brief explanation of each type of pronoun with some examples. This will help you understand how pronouns work in English sentences.

Definition of Adverbs: Adverbs are words or a group of words that modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. They usually tell when, where, how or to what extent an action is performed or it may indicate the quality or degree of the action.

Examples of Different Types of Adverbs:

She worked slowly and carefully on the building site (Adverb of Manner).
David will be home soon (Adverb of Time).
Candice put her book there (Adverb of Place).
We are extremely hungry (Adverb of Degree).
She never cleans her room (Adverb of Frequency).
He gave little to charity (Adverb of Quantity).
He fell forward on the parade ground (Adverb of Direction).
Hopefully, I will be able to attend class today (Adverb of Uncertainty).
Rachel went shopping; however, she didn’t buy anything (Conjunctive Adverb).
Yes, I will be coming to the game tomorrow (Adverb of Affirmation).

You can learn more about adverbs and how they are used in English sentences by clicking on What is an Adverb? Adverb can be confusing at times because they perform differently roles and they can be inserted at different place in English sentences. By learning to recognize the types of adverbs and how they function in sentences, you will certainly increase your ability to write and speak with interesting to your audiences.

6. Prepositions

Definition of Prepositions: Prepositions consist of words or groups of words that show the relationship between nouns or pronouns with other words in sentences.

Examples of Several Types of Prepositions:

Emma arrived on Saturday afternoon (Preposition of Time).
The book is on the table (Preposition of Place).
David will ride his bike to the game on Saturday (Preposition of Movement).
Rebekah goes to work by bus (Preposition of Manner).
Jonathan is sawing the timber with his new saw (Preposition of Agent).
The hardware store sells electrical cord by the meter (Preposition of Measure).
Candace received her weekly wage from her workplace (Preposition of Source).
This is the property of my late wife (Preposition of Possession).

You can learn more about the 8 types of prepositions with examples by clicking on 8 types of prepositions with examples. Once you identify the 8 types of preposition and how they function in sentence, you will become more creative in your writing and speaking skills.

7. Conjunctions

Definition of Conjunctions: Conjunctions are words or groups of words that show how ideas are related to each other in English sentences.

Examples of Several Types of Conjunctions:

Rachel and Darcy traveled to the zoo during the holidays (Coordinating Conjunction).
Unless the drought breaks soon, many farmers will find it very difficult to continue farming (Subordinating Conjunction).
David is both discreet and considerate (Correlative Conjunctions).
We have been good friends; however, I think at times you take me for granted (Conjunctive Adverb).
The stray dog not only destroyed the chicken pen but also killed the chickens (Correlative Conjunctions).

You can learn more about the 4 types of conjunctions with examples by clicking on 4 Types of Conjunctions With Examples. By learning these 4 types of conjunctions with examples, you will be able to identify how words, phrases and clauses relate to each other in English sentences.

8. Interjections

Definition of Interjections: Interjections are used to express feelings and emotions in English sentences.

Examples of Interjections:

Oh, you can’t be serious!
Wow! That’s was excellent.
Ah, I needed that cuppa!
I won the lottery, wahoo!
It stinks, hey, I will never do that again!

You can learn more about interjections by clicking on What is an Interjection?

The more you understand the 8 parts of speech in English grammar with examples, the better you will be able to write and speak to your designated audience. Enjoy!

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COMMENTS

Parts of speech: the preposition and the conjunction
Prepositions (in, out, before, after, with, without, just to name a few) help establish relationships in time, space, and among people and things. Conjunctions unite words; they attach phrases and clauses to one another. They're super useful! Learn more about these two parts of speech here.
What Are Prepositions?
Prepositions are words that show the relationship between elements in a sentence. They can express relationships of place, time, direction, and other abstract or logical connections. A preposition is usually located directly before the word or phrase that it relates to - the object of the preposition. We walked to the shop.
Parts of Speech: Explanation and Examples
The 9 parts of speech are adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, determiners, interjections, nouns, prepositions, pronouns, and verbs. (These are also known as "word classes.") A Formal Definition. A "part of speech" is a category to which a word is assigned in accordance with its syntactic functions. In English, the main parts of speech are noun ...
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English Grammar/Basic Parts of Speech/Prepositions. A preposition connects the relationship between a noun, pronoun and phrase to other parts of the sentence. Whatever object or phrase the preposition is introducing is called the object of the preposition. Each bold word in the following sentences are examples of prepositions:
Meet the preposition
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English Parts of Speech
The eight parts of speech are nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections. You just learned about all of the parts of speech. Give yourself a high five! If you'd like to teach or learn grammar the easy way—with sentence diagrams—check out our Get Smart Grammar Program.
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Overview of Parts of Speech. In this section, we will provide a brief overview of the eight parts of speech in English. Understanding the parts of speech is essential for anyone learning the English language, as it enables them to construct meaningful sentences and communicate effectively. The eight parts of speech are: Nouns. Verbs.
Parts of Speech
When we talk about 'parts of speech', what we mean is whether a word is a noun or a verb or an adjective or a preposition or something else. Here are some different word categories that we use when we're talking about English grammar. Click on each category for more information. Noun (apple, table, book, beauty, sky, life)
Parts of Speech: A Super Simple Grammar Guide with Examples
The Verb (v.) A verb is one of the most important parts of speech and is a word that is used to describe an action. There are three main types of verbs which are detailed below. Examples: Walk, is, seem, realize, run, see, swim, stand, go, have, get, promise, invite, listen, sing, sit, laugh, walk….
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The parts of speech are commonly divided into open classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) and closed classes (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections). The idea is that open classes can be altered and added to as language develops and closed classes are pretty much set in stone.
Parts of Speech: Essential Components of Language
The parts of speech are different categories of words based on their usage and role in a sentence. In the English language, there are eight traditional parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.
Parts of Speech
Languages differ in the parts of speech they have. English, for example has eight parts of speech: noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, verb and interjection. Some dictionaries recognize more than eight parts of speech. For example, determiners and degree modifiers are also sometimes considered as different parts of speech.
Parts of Speech
Words with More Than One Job. Many words in English can have more than one job, or be more than one part of speech. For example, "work" can be a verb and a noun; "but" can be a conjunction and a preposition; "well" can be an adjective, an adverb and an interjection.
The 8 Parts of Speech
The parts of speech are classified differently in different grammars, but most traditional grammars list eight parts of speech in English: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Some modern grammars add others, such as determiners and articles. Many words can function as different parts of ...
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The roads have been covered in ice since midnight. What is/are the preposition (s) of the following sentence?: We were talking to our friend, when his dog started barking at the cat sitting next to us. What is/are the preposition (s) of the following sentence?: The constant talking from the audience members next to us was very rude and almost ...
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8 Parts of Speech in English Grammar
The 8 parts of speech in English are: Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Prepositions, Pronouns, Conjunctions, and Interjections. A part of speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical functions or properties. In other words, they play similar roles in a sentence. For instance, a verb shows the action of a subject or the subject ...
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In English grammar, there are 8 different types of words: Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Verbs Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions Interjections. The 8 types are called "parts of speech". Each part of speech has a specific use and function within the language. In this lesson you will learn the use and function of each part of speech: What are nouns?
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8 Parts of Speech Definitions and Examples: 1. Nouns are words that are used to name people, places, animals, ideas and things. Nouns can be classified into two main categories: Common nouns and Proper nouns. Common nouns are generic like ball, car, stick, etc., and proper nouns are more specific like Charles, The White House, The Sun, etc.
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Parts of Speech Chart. The first step to understanding the different parts of speech is to know what they are and how they are used. The parts of speech chart is a great tool for understanding different words and how they interact with each other. Use it as your reference for parts of speech examples! Part of Speech.
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By BEGG. The 8 parts of speech definitions with examples include nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. By using proper grammar in your writing and speaking, you will communicate clearly and effectively with your subject or audience! Moreover, by learning and understanding the 8 parts of ...

Unit 5: Parts of speech: the preposition and the conjunction

Introduction to prepositions

Types of prepositions and phrases

Introduction to conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions and starting sentences

Parts of Speech

The Part of Speech Is Determined by the Word's Function

Video for Each Part of Speech

The Most Important Writing Issues

The Top Issue Related to Conjunctions

The Top Issue Related to Determiners

The Top Issue Related to Interjections

Learning Resources

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English Grammar/Basic Parts of Speech/Prepositions

List of Prepositions [ edit | edit source ]

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Prepositions Indicating Time [ edit | edit source ]

Prepositions Indicating Place or Position [ edit | edit source ]

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What are the parts of speech?

The 8 Parts of Speech

2. Pronouns

4. Adjectives

6. Prepositions

7. Conjunctions

8. Interjections

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The 9 Parts of Speech: Definitions and Examples

Parts of Speech

Open and Closed Word Classes

The 9 Parts of Speech

Preposition

Conjunction

Articles and Determiners

Interjection

How to Determine the Part of Speech

Dissecting Basic Sentences

Constructing More Complex Sentences

Parts of Speech: Essential Components of Language

Overview of Parts of Speech

2. Pronouns

3. Adjectives

6. Prepositions

7. Conjunctions

8. Interjections

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Word Classes and Categories

English Language Grammar and Structure

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Parts of Speech

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Table of Contents

What are Parts of Speech?

Prepositions

A List of 8 Parts of Speech

Conjunctions

Interjections

Analyzing Sentence Structure (Parts of Speech)

8 Parts of Speech

Understanding the 8 Parts of Speech

Common Nouns

Proper Nouns

Absolute Adjectives

Comparative Adjectives

Superlative Adjectives

Adverbs Modifying Verbs

Adverbs Modifying Other Adverbs

Adverbs Modifying Adjectives

Physical Action