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How to Start a Farm: Plan Your Operation

Think about your operation from the ground up and start planning for your business.  A good farm business plan is your roadmap to start-up, profitability, and growth, and provides the foundation for your conversation with USDA about how our programs can complement your operation. 

Keep reading about planning your business below, get an overview of the beginning farmer's journey , or jump to a different section of the farmer's journey.

On This Page

Why you need a farm business plan.

A comprehensive business plan is an important first step for any size business, no matter how simple or complex. You should create a strong business plan because it:

• Will help you get organized . It will help you to remember all of the details and make sure you are taking all of the necessary steps.
• Will act as your guide . It will help you to think carefully about why you want to farm or ranch and what you want to achieve in the future. Over time, you can look back at your business plan and determine whether you are achieving your goals.
• Is required to get a loan . In order to get an FSA loan, a guarantee on a loan made by a commercial lender, or a land contract, you need to create a detailed business plan . Lenders look closely at business plans to determine if you can afford to repay the loan.

How USDA Can Help

Whether you need a good get-started guide, have a plan that you would like to verify, or have a plan you’re looking to update for your next growth phase, USDA can help connect you to resources to help your decisions.

Your state's beginning farmer and rancher coordinator  can connect you to local resources in your community to help you establish a successful business plan. Reach out to your state's coordinator for one-on-one technical assistance and guidance. They can also connect you with organizations that specifically serve beginning farmers and ranchers.

It is important to know that no single solution fits everyone, and you should research, seek guidance, and make the best decision for your operation according to your own individual priorities.

Build a Farm Business Plan

There are many different styles of business plans. Some are written documents; others may be a set of worksheets that you complete. No matter what format you choose, several key aspects of your operation are important to consider.

Use the guidelines below to draft your business plan. Answering these kinds of questions in detail will help you create and develop your final business plan. Once you have a business plan for your operation, prepare for your visit to a USDA service center. During your visit, we can help you with the necessary steps to register your business and get access to key USDA programs.

Business History

Are you starting a new farm or ranch, or are you already in business? If you are already in business:

• What products do you produce?
• What is the size of your operation?
• What agricultural production and financial management training or experience do you, your family members, or your business partners have?
• How long have you been in business?

Mission, Vision, and Goals

This is your business. Defining your mission, vision and goals is crucial to the success of your business. These questions will help provide a basis for developing other aspects of your business plan.

• What values are important to you and the operation as a whole?
• What short- and long-term goals do you have for your operation?
• How do you plan to start, expand, or change your operation?
• What plans do you have to make your operation efficient or more profitable ?
• What type of farm or ranch model (conventional, sustainable, organic, or alternative agricultural practices) do you plan to use?

Organization and Management

Starting your own business is no small feat. You will need to determine how your business will be structured and organized, and who will manage (or help manage) your business. You will need to be able to convey this to others who are involved as well.

• What is the legal structure of your business? Will it be a sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, trust, limited liability company, or other type of entity?
• What help will you need in operating and managing your farm or ranch?
• What other resources, such as a mentor or community-based organization , do you plan to use?

Marketing is a valuable tool for businesses. It can help your businesses increase brand awareness, engagement and sales. It is important to narrow down your target audience and think about what you are providing that others cannot.

• What are you going to produce ?
• Who is your target consumer ?
• Is there demand for what you are planning to produce?
• What is the cost of production?
• How much will you sell it for and when do you expect to see profit ?
• How will you get your product to consumers ? What are the transportation costs and requirements?
• How will you market your products?
• Do you know the relevant federal, state, and local food safety regulations? What licensing do you need for your operation?

Today there are many types of land, tools, and resources to choose from. You will need to think about what you currently have and what you will need to obtain to achieve your goals.

• What resources do you have or will you need for your business?
• Do you already have access to farmland ? If not, do you plan to lease, rent, or purchase land?
• What equipment do you need?
• Is the equipment and real estate that you own or rent adequate to conduct your operation? If not, how do you plan to address those needs?
• Will you be implementing any conservation practices to sustain your operation?
• What types of workers will you need to operate the farm?
• What additional resources do you need?

Now that you have an idea of what you are going to provide and what you will need to run your operation you will need to consider the finances of your operation.

• How will you finance the business?
• What are your current assets (property or investments you own) and liabilities (debts, loans, or payments you owe)?
• Will the income you generate be sufficient to pay your operating expenses, living expenses, and loan payments?
• What other sources of income are available to supplement your business income?
• What business expenses will you incur?
• What family living expenses do you pay?
• What are some potential risks or challenges you foresee for your operation? How will you manage those risks?
• How will you measure the success of your business?

Farm Business Plan Worksheets

The Farm Business Plan Balance Sheet can help gather information for the financial and operational aspects of your plan.

Form FSA-2037 is a template that gathers information on your assets and liabilities like farm equipment, vehicles and existing loans.

• FSA-2037 - Farm Business Plan - Balance Sheet
• FSA-2037 Instructions

Planning for Conservation and Risk Management

Another key tool is a conservation plan, which determines how you want to improve the health of your land. A conservation plan can help you lay out your plan to address resource needs, costs and schedules.

USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) staff are available at your local USDA Service Center to help you develop a conservation plan for your land based on your goals. NRCS staff can also help you explore conservation programs and initiatives, such as the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) .

Conservation in Agriculture

Crop insurance, whole farm revenue protection and other resources can help you prepare for unforeseen challenges like natural disasters.

Disaster Recovery

Special Considerations

Special considerations for businesses.

There are different types of farm businesses each with their own unique considerations. Determine what applies to your operation.

• Organic Farming  has unique considerations. Learn about organic agriculture , organic certification , and the  Organic Certification Cost Share Program  to see if an organic business is an option for you. NRCS also has resources for organic producers and offers assistance to develop a conservation plan.
• Urban Farming  has special opportunities and restrictions. Learn how USDA can help farmers in urban spaces .
• Value-Added Products . The Agricultural Marketing Resource Center (AgMRC) is a national virtual resource center for value-added agricultural groups.
• Cooperative.  If you are interested in starting a cooperative, USDA’s Rural Development Agency (RD) has helpful resources to help you begin . State-based  Cooperative Development Centers , partially funded by RD, provide technical assistance and education on starting a cooperative.

Special Considerations for Individuals

Historically Underserved Farmers and Ranchers: We offer help for the unique concerns of producers who meet the USDA definition of "historically underserved,"  which includes farmers who are:

• socially disadvantaged
• limited resource
• military veterans

Women: Learn about specific incentives, priorities, and set asides for  women in agriculture within USDA programs.

Heirs' Property Landowners: If you inherited land without a clear title or documented legal ownership, learn how USDA can help Heirs’ Property Landowners gain access to a variety of programs and services

Business Planning

Creating a good business plan takes time and effort. The following are some key resources for planning your business.

• Farm Answers from the University of Minnesota features a library of how-to resources and guidance, a directory of beginning farmer training programs, and other sources of information in agriculture. The library includes business planning guides such as a Guide to Developing a Business Plan for Farms and Rural Businesses and an Example Business Plan .
• The Small Business Administration (SBA) offers information about starting, managing, and transitioning a business.

SCORE is a nonprofit organization with a network of volunteers who have experience in running and managing businesses. The Score Mentorship Program partners with USDA to provide:

• Free, local support and resources, including business planning help, financial guidance, growth strategies.
• Mentorship through one-on-one business coaching -- in-person, online, and by phone.
• Training from subject matter experts with agribusiness experience.
• Online resources and step-by-step outlines for business strategies.
• Learn more about the program through the Score FAQ .

Training Opportunities

Attend field days, workshops, courses, or formal education programs to build necessary skills to ensure you can successfully produce your selected farm products and/or services. Many local and regional agricultural organizations, including USDA and Cooperative Extension, offer training to beginning farmers.

• Cooperative Extension  offices address common issues faced by agricultural producers, and conduct workshops and educational events for the agricultural community.
• extension.org  is an online community for the Cooperative Extension program where you can find publications and ask experts for advice.

Now that you have a basic plan for your farm operation, prepare for your visit to a USDA service center.

2. Visit Your USDA Service Center

How to Start a Farm with USDA

Get an  overview of the beginning farmer's journey  or jump to a specific page below.

Find Your Local Service Center

USDA Service Centers are locations where you can connect with Farm Service Agency, Natural Resources Conservation Service, or Rural Development employees for your business needs. Enter your state and county below to find your local service center and agency offices. If this locator does not work in your browser, please visit offices.usda.gov.

Learn more about our Urban Service Centers . Visit the Risk Management Agency website to find a regional or compliance office  or to find an insurance agent near you.

40+ SAMPLE Agriculture Business Plan in PDF | MS Word

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Farm Business Plan

Used 5,069 times

Farm Business Plan gives an overview of the company, including corporation history, owner backgrounds, creations and more. Use this template to quickly develop your farm company plan.

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Farm Business Plan Template

Prepared by:

​ [Sender.FirstName] [Sender.LastName] ​

​ [Sender.Title] ​

​ [Sender.Phone] ​

​ [Sender.Email] ​

Executive Summary

​ [Sender.Company] is owned and operated by [Sender.FirstName] [Sender.LastName] .

​ [Sender.Company] produces and sells (product types, e.g., produce, pastured animals, herbs, etc.), and we also provide on-farm services including (service types, e.g., apple picking, events, produce stand, etc.).

The target audience for [Sender.Company] 's product will be local consumers and businesses whom we will target directly. To market to this audience, we plan to take advantage of public picking events, farmers' markets, and a roadside farm stand.

Future of the Farm

​ [Sender.Company] plans to turn our XX acres of farmland into a sustainable source of crops, pastured animals, and pollinators. We plan to use regenerative farming practices as much as possible and understand what management techniques work best for our acreage.

Additionally, we will have a large greenhouse and use season extension techniques to get more value out of our farmland.

To build a locally well-known brand and eventually expand our presence across the state.

To sell enough of our product to generate a positive cash flow, support the farm owners and staff, and pay back capital plus 15% interest to our investors.

To preserve and enhance our farmland so that it remains sustainable and we can continue to share the fruits of the land with others.

Follow a thorough 3-year business plan and reassess every year to ensure we remain on track.

Seek funding from our network of contacts and outside funders for start-up costs.

Execute a creative marketing plan that introduces our brand to our target market.

Company Description

Business address and contact.

​ [Sender.StreetAddress] , [Sender.City] , [Sender.State] [Sender.PostalCode] ​

​ [Sender.FirstName] [Sender.LastName] : [Sender.Phone] , [Sender.Email] ​

Principal Members

(Owner.FirstName) (Owner.LastName)

Qualifications/Experience

(number) years of experience as a farm hand at (farm name), plus an additional 5 years of experience as the farm manager

(Education)

(Operator.FirstName) (Operator.LastName)

(Experience)

Legal Structure

​ [Sender.Company] is a sole proprietorship.

Company Details

Our property is zoned for farm use, and we plan to use the land as follows:

X acres for pastured animals

X acres for produce

X acres for agritourism activities and events

Farm Assets

Greenhouse and propagation supplies

Farm stand (planned for 20XX)

Market Research

The demand for locally raised animals and grown produce is climbing at a rate of XX% per year and is expected to reach a total value of $XX billion by 20XX.

Consumer demand for free-range, pasture-raised animals is evidenced by farms like (name competitors) which have grown into valuations of (approximate company values) , respectively.

Regulations

​ [Sender.Company] is a licensed business in the State of [Sender.State] as of the year 20XX. We are in the process of applying for all of the necessary permits for constructing the farm stand, expanding the barn, and hosting on-site visitors to the farm.

Service Line

Product/service.

Services Include:

Pasture-raised animals

Produce cultivation

Public apple picking

Public hay maze

Special event packages

Marketing & Sales

Customer communications.

​ [Sender.Company] will communicate with its customers by:

Interacting with customers in-person via farmers markets, the farm stand, and through the leveraging of networking events.

Building an active social media presence on Instagram and TikTok.

Advertising agritourism activities like apple picking, hay mazes, farm trails, and other events.

Creating SEO-friendly blog posts on the company website to increase online presence.

Establishing listings with the local tourism board and activity guides.

Sales Strategy

​ [Sender.Company] 's product will be sold primarily in the (region) . The farm is located on a road with extensive car traffic, so we plan to build a farm stand on the property to capture attention and drive sales.

We also plan to build a social media presence and leverage local advertising to drive awareness of our brand. We will also attend farmers' markets within the region to meet customers face-to-face and build relationships.

Five-year plan

Year One: 20XX

Create a legal business entity

Apply for necessary licenses and permits.

Finalize farm layout.

Procure additional equipment.

Establish social media profiles.

Build a small farm stand.

Attend farmer's markets.

Year Two: 20XX

(List goals for year two)

Year Three: 20XX

Year Four: 20XX

Year Five: 20XX

​ [Recipient.FirstName] [Recipient.LastName] ​

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[Pdf Sample] Business Plan For Horticulture Farming Docx

In today’s thriving market, the horticulture industry presents a world of opportunities for entrepreneurs seeking to cultivate their own green success. Whether you have a passion for plants, a love for nature, or a desire to contribute to sustainable living, developing a well-structured horticulture business plan is essential for turning your dreams into reality.

[Pdf Sample] Horticulture Business Proposal Plan Docx

Agrolearners.com is a horticulture-focused business dedicated to providing education and resources to individuals interested in the field of horticulture. We believe in the power of horticulture to create sustainable and eco-friendly solutions for food production, environmental preservation, and personal well-being.

Executive Summary: Painting a Picture of Success

Agrolearners.com envisions becoming the leading online platform for horticulture education globally. By leveraging innovative teaching methodologies, state-of-the-art technology, and a passion for horticulture, we strive to revolutionize the way people learn and engage with the industry.

Read Also:  [Pdf Sample] Fruit And Vegetable Business Plan Docx

Company Overview: Cultivating a Vision

Agrolearners.com is founded by a team of horticulture enthusiasts who possess a deep understanding of the industry and a shared commitment to fostering knowledge and skill development. Our core values revolve around quality, accessibility, and community engagement.

Market Analysis: Sowing the Seeds of Opportunity

Read Also:  [Pdf Sample] Crop Farming Business Plan Docx

Products and Services: Nurturing Nature’s Bounty

Agrolearners.com offers a diverse range of horticulture courses and resources designed to cater to various skill levels and interests. Our course catalog includes subjects such as plant biology, crop production, landscape design, pest management, and sustainable agriculture practices .

We employ a mix of instructional videos, interactive quizzes, practical assignments, and live webinars to ensure an engaging and immersive learning experience. Additionally, learners have access to a vast library of resource materials, case studies, and expert advice to support their educational journey.

Marketing and Sales Strategy: Growing Your Customer Base

We will also offer free trial courses, discounted packages, and referral programs to incentivize enrollment and foster customer loyalty. By actively engaging with our target audience and consistently delivering high-quality content and learning experiences, we aim to establish Agrolearners.com as the go-to platform for horticulture education.

Read Also:  [Pdf Sample] Poultry Farming Business Plan In South Africa Docx

Operational Plan: Tending to Business Operations

Our team will consist of experienced horticulture professionals, instructional designers, content creators, and customer support staff who will collaborate to develop and deliver high-quality educational content, maintain the platform, and provide responsive customer service.

Organizational Structure: Building a Strong Foundation

As the business expands, additional staff will be recruited to meet growing demands. We will prioritize building a collaborative and inclusive work culture that fosters innovation, continuous learning, and employee satisfaction.

Financial Plan: Harvesting Profitable Growth

We will closely monitor expenses, such as content development, platform maintenance, marketing, and administrative costs, to ensure profitability and sustainable growth. Additionally, we will seek external funding through grants, investments, and strategic partnerships to support expansion plans and further enhance our offerings.

Read Also:  [Pdf Sample] Business Plan For Goat Farming In South Africa Docx

Risk Analysis: Preparing for Stormy Weather

Here is the Download Link To Horticulture Business Plan Pdf Sample By Agrolearner.com

Sustainability and Environmental Considerations: Cultivating a Greener Future

Conclusion: planting the seeds of success.

Agrolearners.com is well-positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for horticulture education. By leveraging our expertise, embracing technological advancements, and nurturing a vibrant learning community, we are confident in our ability to revolutionize horticulture education globally.

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FREE 10+ Agriculture Business Plan Samples in PDF | MS Word | Apple Pages | Google Docs

Agricultural businesses are ventures that are largely focused on gathering agricultural stocks including seeds and seedlings, as well as the preparation, planting, care, harvesting, and of course, selling crops and plant-based products that are much commonly used as feedstock or in any other industrial project that is owned or partly developed by a private company. Agricultural businesses often work with industry developments that are based on agricultural produce while supporting other services for production and processing. Agriculture is a very wide industry, it’s more than jut planting and selling what you have harvested, most agricultural ventures cover agricultural institutions, managing land ownership, credit, and even training and education , research , land laws, supervision, and infrastructure . A lot of sectors are involved because the industry often works together with other industries like manufacturing and the production of raw materials. Businesses are already particularly difficult entities to manage, agricultural businesses are only one of the few that can be very difficult because of its broad spectrum.

Agriculture Business Plan

10+ agriculture business plan samples, 1. agriculture business plan, 2. business plans for agricultural producers, 3. agricultural business digital marketing plan, 4. sample agriculture business plan, 5. simple agriculture business plan, 6. business plan for agriculture sector, 7. agricultural farm business plan, 8. agriculture and forestry business plan, 9. formal agriculture business plan, 10. agriculture business consultancy plan, 11. basic agriculture business plan, what is an agricultural business plan, elements of an agricultural business plan, what are the five elements of a business plan, what is a target market, who reads a business plan.

That is why to be able to come up with a comprehensive plan for businesses, especially large scale ones, if very important if you want all of your business operations to remain smooth. And a good tool to keep you on track for everything that may or may not happen during the duration of your business, as well as keep you prepared ahead of time, is an agricultural business plan. Business plans are documents that are very important for the sake of the success of the business. Every venture needs to have a roadmap that it can follow, in order to fulfill its goals. Trying to operate a business without a full fleshed business plan is usually not a good idea, since it can bring an awfully lot of benefits on the table.

Including, but not limited to, being able to come up with new ideas without having invested too much time and resources into it. Properly acquaint yourself with what the document is, what it looks like and how it works, by checking out these agriculture business plan samples that we have listed for you down below. After you’ve familiarized yourself with the document enough, feel free to use  these samples as guides or even as templates for when you write your own agricultural business plan.

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An agricultural business plan, or just any business plan for that matter, is a document that describes how a business or venture would choose to define its objectives and what steps the business owner would take in order to achieve its goals. A business plan works sort of like a roadmap, a layout that the whole company can follow from different standpoints of several departments. From marketing, financial, and operational. The document is very beneficial since its usually used to attract a handsome investment even before the company has been established. A way to secure funds and investments early on. Although these can be very useful for new and startup companies, it is largely recommended that every business should be able to write and develop a well written business plan.

Doing so enables them to review and update the document periodically to see if the goals that have been set are met, and how the circumstances that they have been working on has changed. A well written and well drafted business plan is one that is able to identify all the projected and estimated costs of the project, and the pitfalls of each decision a company may make. Despite of its prominence in the corporate environment, it is very rare for companies to have identical business plans, even if they are operating within the same industry. Different companies tend to have their own unique way with dealing of their own unique problems.

The length of a business plan largely depends on the nature and the scope of the business that you will be covering in your document. All of that information would usually fit into a 15 to 20 page document. And although no two business plans are exactly alike, they often operate with almost all of the same elements. These elements and components are listed and discussed below in more detail.

• Executive summary The introductory section of your document should be able to outline the company and all the information that is related to the company’s mission-vision values, company leadership, employees, operations, and the location. The executive summary should talk about what the company is, the overall nature of the business, and the rest of the necessary information that needs to be presented early on.
• Products and services  The next section should be where the company outlines the products and the services that they ma offer. It should include pricing, product lifespan, and other customer benefits. Other factors that you can choose to include can be the processes behind production and manufacturing, patents, and proprietary technology.
• Market analysis A business or company has to have a clear idea of their target customers and their demographics. Doing so will better outline your competition, and will give you a better idea of how to stay on top of the market. A well developed market analysis will also describe the expected consumer demand for the product of the business and how difficult it would be to take advantage of it.
• Marketing strategy The market strategy section of your document will describe how the company will choose to attract the customer base and how it intends to keep it. It should talk about how it intends to reach the consumers by identifying a clear distribution channel that includes advertising campaign, marketing campaigns, and through which medium will those campaigns be disseminated through.
• Financial planning The company then has to be able to include and present its financial planning to further attract the audience of the business plan. Financial statements, balance sheets, and other financial information may be included, especially for businesses that have already been established.
• Budget Every company needs to have a proper budget in place. Including costs, staffing, manufacturing, development, marketing, and other expensed that may be related to the operations of your business.
• Situation analysis
• Product or service positioning
• Objective setting

A target market refers to a group of customers of a certain demographic that may have similar needs for a particular demand product or service.

A business plan can be read by almost anyone that may be affiliated with the business. For individuals who work within the company, they are given an outline or a summary of the document, while for outsiders like investors and other executives, they may be presented with the entirety of the document.

One another crucial thing to remember when writing this document is that it’s not supposed to be static. Business plans are drafted to be a live document. Meaning that it should be susceptible to change and to adapt over time. It’s a living entity, a document that grows and evolves along with your business.

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Livestock Farming Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Livestock Farming Business Plan

Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 500 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their livestock farming companies. We have the experience, resources, and knowledge to help you create a great business plan.

In this article, you will learn some background information on why business planning is important. Then, you will learn how to write a livestock farming business plan step-by-step so you can create your plan today.

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here >

What Is a Business Plan?

A business plan provides a snapshot of your livestock farming business as it stands today, and lays out your growth plan for the next five years. It explains your business goals and your strategies for reaching them. It also includes market research to support your plans.

Why You Need a Business Plan

If you’re looking to start a livestock farming business or grow your existing livestock farming company, you need a business plan. A business plan will help you raise funding, if needed, and plan out the growth of your livestock farming business to improve your chances of success. Your livestock farming business plan is a living document that should be updated annually as your company grows and changes.

Sources of Funding for Livestock Farming Businesses

With regards to funding, the main sources of funding for a livestock farming business are personal savings, credit cards, bank loans, and angel investors. When it comes to bank loans, banks will want to review your business plan (hand it to them in person or email to them as a PDF file) and gain confidence that you will be able to repay your loan and interest. To acquire this confidence, the loan officer will not only want to ensure that your financials are reasonable, but they will also want to see a professional plan. Such a plan will give them the confidence that you can successfully and professionally operate a business. Personal savings and bank loans are the most common funding paths for livestock farming companies.

    Finish Your Business Plan Today!

How to write a business plan for a livestock farming business.

If you want to start a livestock farming business or expand your current one, you need a business plan. The guide and sample below details the necessary information for how to write each essential component of your livestock farming business plan.

Executive Summary

Your executive summary provides an introduction to your business plan, but it is normally the last section you write because it provides a summary of each key section of your plan.

The goal of your executive summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the kind of livestock farming business you are running and the status. For example, are you a startup, do you have a livestock farming business that you would like to grow, or are you operating several family-owned livestock farming businesses?

Next, provide an overview of each of the subsequent sections of your plan. 

• Give a brief overv iew of the livestock farming industry. 
• Discuss the type of livestock farming business you are operating. 
• Detail your direct competitors. Give an overview of your target customers. 
• Provide a snapshot of your marketing strategy. Identify the key members of your team. 
• Offer an overview of your financial plan.

Company Overview

In your company overview, you will detail the type of livestock farming business you are operating.

For example, you m ight specialize in one of the following types of livestock farming businesses:

• Cattle Ranching : In order to effectively raise cattle until market-ready, ranchers must have enough land for cattle to roam and eat grass. The rancher must also provide supplemental food, medicines and a number of procedures to ensure cattle sent to market are healthy and at an optimum weight.
• Sheep Farming: Sheep farming is a process of maintaining order in the herd and corralling sheep when necessary. Farmers must feed and medicate sheep efficiently and they use sheep dogs to assist in many daily efforts. Sheep are prized for their wool and may be sent to slaughter as lambs if they are young. Sheep are often used on vacant fields to graze with an environmentally-friendly outcome. 
• Chicken Farming: Chicken farmers need to provide water, food and medications to raise chickens until market-ready. Chickens may be free-range or kept in sheds during growth cycles. While hens produce eggs, roosters provide barnyard protection and enjoyment. 
• Hog Farming: Hogs are notoriously expensive to raise, primarily due to food costs and medications; however, they demand high prices at sale and produce generous profits when sent to market. Hogs are grown in pens to control weight gain and are carefully assessed for market-readiness.

In addition to explaining the type of livestock farming business you will operate, the company overview needs to provide background on the business.

Include answers to questions such as:

• When and why did you start the business?
• What milestones have you achieved to date? Milestones could include the number of cattle sold each season, the number of sheep successfully shorn each year, reaching X number of ranches owned, etc.
• What is your legal business structure? Are you incorporated as an S-Corp? An LLC? A sole proprietorship? Explain your legal structure here.

Industry Analysis

In your industry or market analysis, you need to provide an overview of the livestock farming industry. While this may seem unnecessary, it serves multiple purposes.

First, researching the livestock farming industry educates you. It helps you understand the market in which you are operating. 

Secondly, market research can improve your marketing strategy, particularly if your analysis identifies market trends.

The third reason is to prove to readers that you are an expert in your industry. By conducting the research and presenting it in your plan, you achieve just that.

The following questions should be answered in the industry analysis section of your livestock farming business plan:

• How big is the livestock farming industry (in dollars)?
• Is the market declining or increasing?
• Who are the key competitors in the market?
• Who are the key suppliers in the market?
• What trends are affecting the industry?
• What is the industry’s growth forecast over the next 5 – 10 years?
• What is the relevant market size? That is, how big is the potential target market for your livestock farming business? You can extrapolate such a figure by assessing the size of the market in the entire country and then applying that figure to your local population.

Customer Analysis

The customer analysis section of your livestock farming business plan must detail the customers you serve and/or expect to serve.

The following are examples of customer segments: corporate buyers, stockyard owners, and individual buyers.

As you can imagine, the customer segment(s) you choose will have a great impact on the type of livestock farming business you operate. Clearly, individuals would respond to different marketing promotions than stockyard owners, for example.

Try to break out your target customers in terms of their demographic and psychographic profiles. With regards to demographics, including a discussion of the ages, genders, locations, and income levels of the potential customers you seek to serve.

Psychographic profiles explain the wants and needs of your target customers. The more you can recognize and define these needs, the better you will do in attracting and retaining your customers. Ideally you can speak with a sample of your target customers before writing your plan to better understand their needs.

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Competitive Analysis

Your competitive analysis should identify the indirect and direct competitors your business faces and then focus on the latter.

Direct competitors are othe r livestock farming businesses. 

Indirect competitors are other options that customers have to purchase from that aren’t directly competing with your product or service. This includes specialty types of beef cattle, such as organic or grass-fed, imported lamb or beef, or eggs that are infused with additional supplements. You need to mention direct competition, as well.

For each direct competitor, provide an overview of their business and document their strengths and weaknesses. Unless you once worked at your competitors’ businesses, it will be impossible to know everything about them. But you should be able to find out key things about them such as

• What types of customers do they serve?
• What type of livestock farming business are they?
• What is their pricing (premium, low, etc.)?
• What are they good at?
• What are their weaknesses?

With regards to the last two questions, think about your answers from the customers’ perspective. And don’t be afraid to ask your competitors’ customers what they like most and least about them.

The final part of your competitive analysis section is to document your areas of competitive advantage. For example:

• Will you provide lower rates for stockyards despite fluctuating higher market prices?
• Will you offer beef cuts that your competition doesn’t?
• Will you provide better customer service?
• Will you offer better pricing?

Think about ways you will outperform your competition and document them in this section of your plan.

Marketing Plan

Traditionally, a marketing plan includes the four P’s: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. For a livestock farming business plan, your marketing strategy should include the following:

Product : In the product section, you should reiterate the type o f livestock farming company that you documented in your company overview. Then, detail the specific products or services you will be offering. For example, will you provide uncured, smoked ham and bacon, pasteurized eggs, or free-range chicken? 

Price : Document the prices you will offer and how they compare to your competitors. Essentially in the product and price sub-sections of yo ur plan, yo u are presenting the livestock you offer and their prices.

Place : Place refers to the site of your livestock farming company. Document where your company is situated and mention how the site will impact your success. For example, does your cattle ranch contain grassy acreage, allowing cattle to eat naturally? Is your chicken ranch situated in a weather-friendly environment? Does your hog farm contain heated and cooled hog pens for the well-being of the hogs?  

Promotions : The final part of your livestock farming marketing plan is where you will document how you will drive potential customers to your location(s). The following are some promotional methods you might consider:

• Advertise in local papers, radio stations and/or magazines
• Reach out to regional stockyards 
• Distribute farmer newsletters to stockyards
• Engage in email marketing
• Advertise on social media platforms
• Improve the SEO (search engine optimization) on your website for targeted keywords

Operations Plan

While the earlier sections of your business plan explained your goals, your operations plan describes how you will meet them. Your operations plan should have two distinct sections as follows.

Everyday short-term processes include all of the tasks involved in running your livestock farming business; including caring for livestock, securing and maintaining food supplies and medications, planning transport to market, invoicing customers and paying bills.  

Long-term goals are the milestones you hope to achieve. These could include the dates when you expect to ship-to-market, or when you hope to reach $X in revenue. It could also be when you expect to expand your livestock farming business to a new ranch or farm.

Management Team

To demonstrate your livestock farming business’ potential to succeed, a strong management team is essential. Highlight your key players’ backgrounds, emphasizing those skills and experiences that prove their ability to grow a company. 

Ideally, you and/or your team members have direct experience in managing livestock farming businesses. If so, highlight this experience and expertise. But also highlight any experience that you think will help your business succeed.

If your team is lacking, consider assembling an advisory board. An advisory board would include 2 to 8 individuals who would act as mentors to your business. They would help answer questions and provide strategic guidance. If needed, look for advisory board members with experience in managing a livestock farming business or successfully running a livestock stockyard.

Financial Plan

Your financial plan should include your 5-year financial statement broken out both monthly or quarterly for the first year and then annually. Your financial statements include your income statement, balance s heet, and cash flow statements.

Income Statement

An income statement is more commonly called a Profit and Loss statement or P&L. It shows your revenue and then subtracts your costs to show whether you turned a profit or not.

In developing your income statement, you need to devise assumptions. For example, will you ship 500,000 head of cattle this season, or will you expand your farm by several hundred acres? And will sales grow by 2% or 10% per year? As you can imagine, your choice of assumptions will greatly impact the financial forecasts for your business. As much as possible, conduct research to try to root your assumptions in reality.

Balance Sheets

Balance sheets show your assets and liabilities. While balance sheets can include much information, try to simplify them to the key items you need to know about. For instance, if you spend $50,000 on building out your livestock farming business, this will not give you immediate profits. Rather it is an asset that will hopefully help you generate profits for years to come. Likewise, if a lender writes you a check for $50,000, you don’t need to pay it back immediately. Rather, that is a liability you will pay back over time.

Cash Flow Statement

Your cash flow statement will help determine how much money you need to start or grow your business, and ensure you never run out of money. What most entrepreneurs and business owners don’t realize is that you can turn a profit but run out of money and go bankrupt. 

When creating your Income Statement and Balance Sheets be sure to include several of the key costs needed in starting or growing a livestock farming business:

• Cost of breeder chickens, lambs, farrow pigs or calves
• Cost of farming equipment and vehicles
• Payroll or salaries paid to staff
• Business insurance
• Other start-up expenses (if you’re a new business) like legal expenses, permits, computer software, and equipment

Attach your full financial projections in the appendix of your plan along with any supporting documents that make your plan more compelling. For example, you might include your ranch deed of ownership or a list of buyers you partner with in buying and selling operations.

Writing a business plan for your livestock farming business is a worthwhile endeavor. If you follow the template above, by the time you are done, you will truly be an expert. You will understand the livestock farming industry, your competition, and your customers. You will develop a marketing strategy and will understand what it takes to launch and grow a successful livestock farming business.

Livestock Farming Business Plan FAQs

What is the easiest way to complete my livestock farming business plan.

Growthink's Ultimate Business Plan Template allows you to quickly and easily write your livestock farming business plan.

How Do You Start a Livestock Farming Business?

Starting a livestock farming business is easy with these 14 steps:

• Choose the Name for Your Livestock Farming Business
• Create Your Livestock Farming Business Plan
• Choose the Legal Structure for Your Livestock Farming Business
• Secure Startup Funding for Your Livestock Farming Business (If Needed)
• Secure a Location for Your Business
• Register Your Livestock Farming Business with the IRS
• Open a Business Bank Account
• Get a Business Credit Card
• Get the Required Business Licenses and Permits
• Get Business Insurance for Your Livestock Farming Business
• Buy or Lease the Right Livestock Farming Business Equipment
• Develop Your Livestock Farming Marketing Materials
• Purchase and Setup the Software Needed to Run Your Livestock Farming Business
• Open for Business

Where Can I Download a Free Business Plan Template PDF?

Click here to download the pdf version of our basic business plan template.

Our free business plan template pdf allows you to see the key sections to complete in your plan and the key questions that each must answer. The business plan pdf will definitely get you started in the right direction.

We do offer a premium version of our business plan template. Click here to learn more about it. The premium version includes numerous features allowing you to quickly and easily create a professional business plan. Its most touted feature is its financial projections template which allows you to simply enter your estimated sales and growth rates, and it automatically calculates your complete five-year financial projections including income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements. Here’s the link to our Ultimate Business Plan Template.

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Other Helpful Business Plan Articles & Templates

12: Business Plans

What is a business plan.

A business plan is a document that helps you to organize and succinctly summarize the vision you have for your business. The plan contains the operational and financial objectives of a business, the detailed plans and budgets showing how the objectives are to be realized.

A good business plan will contain the following:

• Your business vision, mission statement, key values, and goals
• Description of the product(s) you intend to produce
• Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats the business may experience are described
• Production plans
• Marketing plans
• Estimated start-up costs
• Information on your legal structure and management team
• Current financial statements or projected financial statements.
• Resume or brief explanation of your background and relevant experience
• Less than 10 total pages so that people actually read it

Helpful Publications for Writing a Business Plan

General Business Resource Publications:

• Starting an Ag-Business? A Pre-Planning Guide http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2004/Cornell_AEM_eb0408.pdf
• Business Transfer Guide: Junior Generation http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2016/Cornell-Dyson-eb1605.pdf
• Producing a Business Plan for Value-Added Agriculture http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2007/Cornell_AEM_eb0708.pdf
• Business Planning for the Agriculture Sector: A Guide to Business Plan Development for Start-up to Mid-size Operations http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2010/Cornell_ pdf
• Building a Sustainable Business (Sustainable Agricultural Research Education (SARE)Publications) sare.org/publications/business.htm 280 pages of education and practical exercises to guide you through the financial, management, and interpersonal skills needed to start a successful farm business. Order hard copy for $17 or download PDF online for free.

Cornell Cooperative Extension Publications for Specific Commodities:

• Landscape Business Planning Guide http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2003/Cornell_AEM_eb0313.pdf
• Writing a Business Plan: A Guide for Small Premium Wineries http://publications.dyson.cornell.edu/outreach/extensionpdf/2002/Cornell_AEM_eb0206.pdf
• Writing a Business Plan: An Example for a Small Premium Winery https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/122203/2/Cornell_AEM_eb0207.pdf

Getting Help Writing a Business Plan

Agriculture Business Plan

It has been raining enough times, and the sun is high up in the sky. It’s almost growing season. Most farmers count off the days and look forward to this time. Despite that, there is another essential thing that you should prepare ahead of time. It has nothing to do about crops, chickens, or cattle and has everything to do with business documents. That said, compose an agriculture business plan before that season kicks off.

10+ Agriculture Business Plan Examples

1. agriculture business plan.

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What Is an Agriculture Business Plan?

An agriculture business plan is a necessary document that farmers write to increase the success rate of their business. This form details both their short-term and long-term  business goals . As well as the methods they will employ to attain their desired results. Most business ventures, especially the new ones, mostly have a business plan at their disposal.

How to Generate a Dependable Agriculture Business Plan

Planning is a process. It involves several steps that require you to brainstorm about a lot of items. The farming business has a lot of factors that can positively and negatively affect its profitability. That said, in composing this plan, you need to think about the essential elements that make up an impressive business plan.

1. Compose Your Mission and Vision Statement

When business professionals make decisions regarding their business, they use their organization’s mission and vision as a guide. This procedure will help them in setting the direction of their business goal setting . These statements will also convey the purpose and the objectives of your business venture to your prospects. In addition, it will also reflect your organization and the staff involved. 

2. Devise a Marketing Strategy

To maximize the gains of your business, you need to devise a marketing strategy . This process will help you spread awareness and reach a wider variety of clients. There are multiple ways to promote your services and organic vegetables and livestock products. If you want to implement the traditional tactics, you can print then post or hand out business flyers and posters. On the other hand, if you opt to employ a digital marketing strategy, you should look into effective social media strategies.

3. Research Your Target Market and Competitors

Running a target market analysis will give you an idea of the current trends of your clients. This activity could help you tailor your business techniques to fit your market’s demands. Another thing is to conduct a competitor SWOT analysis . By doing this, you can gain data that would be useful in strategizing on tactics to make your agriculture business stand out amongst them. 

4. Set Your Price List

Setting your price list for your services and products will include a lot of calculations of the financial costs and other factors that contributed to the process of growing and taking care of your crops and livestock. This task is a critical step because if you make your agricultural products too expensive or too cheap, they can directly impact your farm budget and the health of your business. 

Why is the agriculture business important?

Agriculture business or agribusiness, in short, is essential in maintaining the economy of various countries. It is because it serves as one of the sources of food. Aside from that, it also provides raw materials to people and other businesses. In addition, this business venture also offers employment to several people. The number comprises more of the workers in the rural areas.

What are examples of careers in agriculture?

People who took up the agriculture program have a lot of business and opportunities they can explore. Considering that people in agriculture have several skill sets, they can work on labor jobs, engineering jobs, and selling products. Aside from that, they can work as the operator of agriculture equipment and crop growers. In addition, they can also get a job as an agent that purchases farm products.

What is a farm SWOT analysis?

When you get into the agriculture business, you will need to generate a farm SWOT analysis . This framework will provide you with the details regarding your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and possible threats to your farm. This data will help you in constructing and tailoring your action plan for various circumstances.

You plant seeds and get fully grown crops after nurturing them. The same applies when doing business. You make a business plan ahead of time and get a booming business in return. People with green thumbs like you have a natural talent for growing plants, but you can make your life greener by earning plenty of dollar bills. Craft your agriculture business plan well and be the cream of the crop in the agribusiness.

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Agriculture Fruit Farm Business Plan

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Farmers Group

Executive summary executive summary is a brief introduction to your business plan. it describes your business, the problem that it solves, your target market, and financial highlights.">, problem & solution, problem worth solving.

People want and need vegetables and related food with good taste and high nutritional quality. Our national diet is a disgrace. We have a huge problem of obesity.

Our Solution

We use present and future agricultural technology to produce organic, tasty, and nutritional vegetables. We start with an existing farm that has custom-innovated equipment. To that we add horticultural technology in the production of strawberries will allow double utilization of the climate controlled portion of the overhead.

Target Market

Competition, current alternatives.

Alabama is one of the premier farming areas of the eastern United States. This creates an intensely competitive environment with a large number of industry participants. Since almost all of the produce is considered to be commodities, and large scale buyers are more consolidated than the farmers themselves, overall margins are small and rivalries for wholesaler contracts are strong. Competitive threats come from three main segments:

• Imported vegetables of lower quality.>
• Mississippi pound raised vegetables.
• Alabama vegetable producers.

Direct competition in the individual buyers market segment comes from three farms in the immediate area including the Anniston farm, Organics-To-You farm, and the Terrance Livingston vegetable farm. Each of these competitors has produce stands as well as selling to local farmers’ markets. However, with the exception of Organics-To-You Farm, none of the others focus on a niche market and depend heavily on federal subsidies.

Our Advantages

The Farmers Group strategy is to profitably and efficiently utilize present and future agricultural technology in the production of vegetables. The company, by acquiring an existing profitable vegetable farm with all the necessary custom-innovated equipment, will gain a significant industry advantage. Additional application and utilization of horticultural technology in the production of strawberries will allow double utilization of the climate controled portion of the overhead. Farmers Group hopes to consolidate considerable goodwill already created by exercising the option of not adding another high-production facility to the present supply-demand scenario.

The company’s goals in the first year are to:

• Prepare the future site.
• Relocate and expand Green Acres vegetable system and get it operational.
• Integrate greens culture into the system.
• Have the composting system in full production by early spring of the second year.

The company’s long-term plan is to phase out whichever products are least lucrative and replace them with products that are practical and cost efficient.

Marketing & Sales

Marketing plan.

Farmers Group will initially market and supply its products to target customers. The company is further exploring marketing opportunities on the Internet. To this extent, the company would like to set up a website to market its products.

The company will utilize aggressive advertising strategies to further market its products. These strategies include the promotion of products through the sponsoring of spots on cooking shows and exhibitions, and also engaging prominent chefs to help promote this fledgling industry.

At Farmers Group, the sales process is primarily the same for vegetables as it is for composting products, in that both products will be mainly sold through wholesale marketing. As in the past, live shipments will be delivered by contract carriers in special oxygenated tanks carrying 8,000 vegetables or more, and will be continued as demanded. Farmers Group’s bagged manure products will be delivered and unloaded in sizable wholesale quantities by the pallet.

Smaller, more local orders will significantly increase the overall sales when the 300-450 live vegetables carrying tank system is put into service late in 2000 or early in 2001.

The company’s average sales cycle from first contact to closing of the sale is approximately 3 to 12 days for vegetable products. Farmers Group plans to shorten this cycle. Furthermore, the company estimates that from first contact to sale conclusion, the cycle for fresh strawberries will run 3 days or less. Composted products sale cycle should run from 3 to 12 days.

Locations & Facilities

The farm is located in Calhoun county approximately 4.5 miles outside of Jasper.

The operation will utilize:

• One large greenhouse, enclosing the vegetable area.
• Horticultural greenhouse.
• Filters, water treatment devices.
• Backwash facilities.
• Outdoor vegetable facilities.
• Business office building.

An additional portion of the operation will be the manure composting facility. Local and regional dairy operations have trouble with manure accumulations, and the company hopes to enter into contracts in removing the manure. Farmers Group will then turn this into a saleable product. The company plans to supply the region’s nursery outlets with a top-quality, premium garden and soil amendment product for area horticulture.

While at Mobile Farmers Vegetable Farm James Jackson, steadily used and experimented with compost and fertilized with manure of different kinds. The most important things with manure usage is to eliminate the viable weed seed drawback by thoroughly composting the manure, to add enough cellulose on product to bring it to the proper ratio and to bring its water content to proper levels. A properly composted manure product has no seeds that will germinate and proliferate in it. Additionally, a properly composted manure product has something a chemically formulated synthetic fertilizer does not have: enzymes. Enzymes are critical for producing a truly nutritious and superior flavored product. Research has shown that the superior flavor of a fruit or vegetable is closely related to vitamin content and folic acid content in green vegetables. 

The company is currently seeking contact with Alabama universities in order to learn about and acquire new hybrids of strawberries and vegetables that are hardier and grow faster in our local microclimates. These and other available species and systems will be constantly tracked.

In addition to the above, the company is seeking contacts at Universities in Italy and Germany that are involved in greens, and will continue the quest for the best flavored, large, and firm fall and winter strawberries.

Currently, Farmers Group is conducting research to test certain clay-sand-manure mixture levels to obtain better, cheaper bedding and agronomic soil mixtures that are more effective than the standard used in the industry in Alabama (Pine bark mulch-composted).

Equipment & Tools

The state-of-the-art vegetable equipment starting up in the new location utilizes revolutionary harvest designs that:

• Allow faster, longer growth
• Cut the harvest labor by over 80%
• Decrease loss in weight gain, and
• Eliminate weight loss from shock.

Farmers Group’s first line of production will be the green vegetable and red vegetable. During the summer months Farmers Group will be growing carrots, romaine lettuce, leeks, red onions, summer squash, and spinach. In the fall, production will center on pumpkins, winter squash, globe beets and winter greens. With the growth of the popular organic food niche, and the federal government’s new organic labeling policy, Farmers Group will focus its produce on the intermediate organic label. This means that approximately 70% of the food production process will be organic and all foods produced by Farmers Group will be eligible for the "contains organic ingredients" label. The company’s farm will have a capacity sufficient to produce in excess of 200,000 lbs. of vegetables per year.

Strawberries

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Farmers Group’s strategy is a combination of the two technologies during the cool winter months which will allow the utilization of normally wasted space in the greenhouses for the high price winter greens production. This will allow double cultivation of the greenhouses with almost no additional heating necessary in this climate.

Future Products

In the meantime, the company would like to explore the possibilities of crayfish production. Farmers Group believes this to be a high revenue venture with retail prices running in excess of $15.00 per pound in most places. The company also believes that if crayfish production is successful then it could become the number one endeavor of Farmers Group.

Currently there is a defunct fish farming production facility with all the necessary capital equipment approximately two miles from the current farm. Purchase of this facility would allow Farmers Group to begin production and to capitalize on this higher margin product. What makes this most attractive is the two ventures have significant joint cost potential, allowing for a reduction in marginal costs for all products and creation of real economies of scale that would provide Farmers Group with a competitive advantage.

Milestones & Metrics

Milestones table, key metrics.

• Sales and cost of sales
• Greenhouse output by crop
• overall output per crop
• Fertilizer usage
• Water usage

Ownership & Structure

Farmers Group’s management team is led by Mr. James Jackson, Business Manager, and the current manager of Mobile Farmers Vegetable Farm, who has extensive knowledge of the industry and has been tracking vegetable trends for 30 years.

The company’s management philosophy is based on responsibility and mutual respect. Farmers Group has an environment and structure that encourages productivity and respect for customers and fellow employees.

Management Team

Management will be responsible for supervising and participating in the daily operations of the facility. Management consists of:

• James Jackson, Business Manager, Full Time
• Terry Howard, Executive Director, Full Time
• Kevin Perry, Management Trainee, 3/4 Time
• Victor Green, Management Trainee, 1/4 Time

Daily Maintenance

This group will consist of the following:

• Henry Jones, Logistical Engineer, Full Time
• Colin Henry, Heavy Equipment, Full Time
• Michael Owen, Welder, 1/2 Time

Personnel Table

Financial plan investor-ready personnel plan .">, key assumptions.

Key Assumptions 

Nature and Limitation of Projections

This financial projection is based on sales volume at the levels described in the sales forecast section and presents, to the best of management’s knowledge, the company’s expected assets, liabilities, capital, and revenues and expenses. The projections reflect management’s judgement of the expected conditions and its expected course of action given the hypothetical assumptions.

Nature of Operations

The company is in the business of vegetable farming, greens cultivation, and composting. The company expects to be operating in 2000.

The company’s revenue is derived primarily from the sale of vegetables, strawberries, and bagged composted manure products.

The company’s expenses are primarily those of salaries, utilities, and insurance costs. Other expenses are based on management’s estimates and industry averages.

However, our initial projections indicate profitability well beyond realistic expectations. We’ve added a substantial "other expense" category, especially as we get on our feet in the second half of year one, to allow for realistic expenses … even if we can’t categorize them exactly. Even with these "other expenses" we are still unusually profitable, but we believe that’s because of our innovative technology. 

Revenue by Month

Expenses by month, net profit (or loss) by year, use of funds.

The company is seeking to raise of $830,000 for the purpose of financing the acquisition of the Green Acres Vegetable Farm and Mobile Farmers Vegetable Farm, facilities modifications, equipment, and funding operating expenses. Another $1,000,000 will be invested in the company by its four co-owners. The total is $1,830,000. The following is a breakdown of how the funds will be used:

Acquisition:

Property $1,300,000

Equipment System $400,000

Sub-total $1,700,000

Operating Expenses:

Salaries $80,000

Marketing and promotion $10,000

Other operating expenses $10,000

Sub-total $100,000

Total $1,800,000

Part of the $1,830,00 are the $684,600 startup expenses listed as net worth in Dec 2016. More details are: 

Legal $19,000

Facilities modification $300,000

Organic Herbicides/Pesticides $5,000

Consultants $25,000

Insurance $10,000

Research and development $25,000

Expensed equipment $250,000

Other $50,000

TOTAL START-UP EXPENSES $684,600

Sources of Funds

We will have four investors. Each investor has committed to giving us $250,000, totally $1,000,000. 

We will also have $400,000 in long term borrowing, we will have $400,000 in short term loan and $30,000 worth of bills to pay. 

Projected Profit & Loss

Projected balance sheet, projected cash flow statement.

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