phd pediatric dentistry uk

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Paediatric dentistry dclindent.

Part of: Dentistry

Assess, diagnose and treat severe dental diseases in children, from dental anomalies to dental traumas in this intensive yet rewarding Doctorate programme. This Paediatric Dentistry DClinDent provides integrated, hands-on training for dentists who aspire to be specialists, either in primary or secondary services, or clinical academics of the future.

• Undertake extensive clinical training with children and adolescents in medical paediatric clinics
• Carry out state-of-the-art biomedical research in our world-class teaching facilities 
• Includes training eligible for Membership Examination in Paediatric Dentistry of The Royal College of Surgeons
• This course is recognised by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry and can lead to full active membership for eligible dentists 
• Study at one of the UK’s top-rated dental schools: we’re joint first for research environment (REF 2021)

Study options

• Full-time September 2024 | 3 years

Application deadline: 31 st January 2024

What you'll study

This DClinDent degree integrates academic activities with clinical practice and doctoral level research. Covering all the topics in the GDC (UK) Specialist Curriculum, it aims to familiarise you with up-to-date, novel and evidence-based clinical practices in paediatric dentistry.

You’ll apply your learning in hands-on clinical training with children and adolescents and undertake a research project with supervision from our expert clinicians and academics. You’ll hone in on key techniques and practises, and apply learned knowledge to treat a variety of behavioural and medical problems, from dental anomalies to dental traumas. 

You’ll have the benefit of working in a multidisciplinary clinic that works in an area of high population, meaning you’ll have the chance to deal with a range of cases, including instances of severe disease and hypodontia. You will have orthodontic and restorative input in such cases. 

You will receive professional doctorate-level research training, completing reports, evaluations and your final dissertation.

In addition, you will have the opportunity to interact with external specialists, through an extensive seminar series held within the Institute of Dentistry and the Blizard Institute.

The DClinDent Degree meets level 8 of the Framework for Higher Education Qualifications (FHEQ).

• Three compulsory research modules, including your 50,000 word dissertation
• Three compulsory knowledge and clinical skills modules

Short courses

Discover our medicine and dentistry short courses that you can study on campus or online.

Compulsory/Core modules

Core knowledge and clinical skills in paediatric dentistry.

This module covers the basic biological science topics, operative and clinical skills to ensure that all students possess a fundamental level of skills, which will then be used and built on over the following two years of clinical training and practices that are relevant to paediatric dentistry.

Research I: Research Project Progression Report I and Clinical Portfolio Initial Report

This module covers aspects of research methodology, ethics and other transferable skills to ensure students are introduced to issues in research, such as governance issues and statistical analysis of clinical research. The research project undertaken in this course will give the student a real insight into the philosophy of research as well as practical experience in the process of completing a piece of original work. It also covers evidence based dentistry for the students to maintain their clinical portfolio.

Research II - Research Project Progression Report II, Clinical Portfolio and Service Evaluation Preliminary Reports

This module builds on the knowledge acquired in module Research I to enable students to carry out an independent research project and to write a report on their research, and to conduct a service evaluation through the completion of a clinical service audit. This module develops the skills and experience required for module Research III.

Research III - Dissertation, Research Project Final Report, Service Evaluation Final Report, Clinical Portfolio Final

This final module in the programme enables students to demonstrate their ability to complete an independent research project and to write a thesis on their research, and the acquisition of advanced skills for service evaluation through the completion of a clinical service audit.

Advanced Clinical Skill and Science and in Paediatric Dentistry

This core module will consolidate the basic knowledge acquired in previous modules and introduce students to the more indepth aspects of Paediatric Dentistry and the knowledge required to manage diseases not directly related to dental caries and periodontal diseases. This module also enhances the student's ability to examine the patient, in diagnosis of presenting condition, and to formulate an appropriate treatment plan. This module will cover aspects of advanced knowledge in paediatric dentistry including genetics, abnormalies, and advanced clinical skills that form part of specialist training in paediatric dentistry.

Consolidated Clinical Skill and Science in Paediatric Dentistry

This module covers all aspects of paediatric dentistry to a specialist level including genetics, abnormalies, and advanced clinical skills. It will cover integrated knowledge obtained from the previous two years and its application to clinical practices. This module will also cover aspects of paediatric dental care in relation to other dental and medical specialties and provide clinical training on basic and multi-disciplinary approaches on diagnosis and treatment planning for children needing comprehensive dental care.

• 50% Modules
• 50% Research project
• Assessment includes essays, written, clinical and viva voce examinations
• Research modules will be assessed with project progression reports, clinical portfolios and service evaluation reports
• Your final project report, evaluation and clinical portfolio will form your dissertation

Research project

The dissertation forms a major component of your degree. This will include a final research project, service evaluation and a clinical portfolio (limited to 50,000 words).

The three-year full-time DClinDent Degree programme has a strong emphasis on close chair-side support. You’ll be taught through a variety of methods, including lectures, seminars, tutorials and symposia. You’ll also prepare a professional development portfolio based on evidence gathered over the course.

For every hour spent in class, you will be expected to complete further hours of independent study. Your individual study time could be spent preparing for, or following up on, formal study sessions, reading, producing written work, completing projects and revising for examinations.

You will be assigned an Academic Adviser who will guide you in both academic and pastoral matters throughout your time at Queen Mary.

Watch our teaching video

Dr Janet Davies

BSc (Hons), BDS, PhD, MFDS RCS, MPaed Dent (RCS), FDS (Paed Dent) RCS

Dr Janet Davies is a Clinical Senior Lecturer/Honorary Consultant and DClinDent Paediatric Dentistry Co-director. After graduating from the University of Bristol, she undertook her academic postgraduate training in Paediatric Dentistry at the Royal London Hospital with placements at Guy’s Chelsea and Westminster and Birmingham Children’s Hospital. She obtained her Membership in Paediatric Dentistry in 2008 and her Fellowship and PhD in 2014. Following a locum Consultant position at Great Ormond Street Hospital, she returned to Queen Mary to her current role.

Professor Ferranti Wong

BDS, MSc, PhD, FDSRCS(Ed), FDSRCS(Eng), FHEA

Prof. Ferranti Wong is Professor of Paediatric Dentistry and Course Director of DClinDent Paediatric Dentistry. He has broad research interests which include caries research, biomaterials and dental trauma. He graduated as a dentist in Dundee University in 1982. His interest in working with children developed during his first post as a community Dental Officer. He pursued his passion by gaining an MSc in Children’s Dentistry (with distinction) at the then LHMC. Ferranti continued his career as a Clinical Lecturer and completed his PhD on the use of a novel X-ray Microtomography technique.

"I am passionate about children’s dental care and a few years ago decided to apply to QMUL to study a DClinDent in Paediatric Dentistry to broaden my experience and improve my skills. The course was challenging both clinically and academically, but extremely rewarding. From a clinical perspective, we were given autonomy over our patient management and expertly supervised along the way. The broad range of patients that the Royal London Dental Hospital captures ensures a wide scope of learning opportunities. The research aspect of the course involved supervisors that are experts in multiple fields assisting in the development of stimulating concepts and ideas, which eventuated in a detailed thesis I was very proud of. By selecting this course, it allowed me to sit the Royal College of Surgeons exams to become recognised as member of the college, which is an extremely prestigious honour. These qualifications are challenging, but highly regarded around the world. Upon finishing my course I relocated back to Australia, where I am now practicing as a paediatric dental specialist and am involved in multiple dental educational programs. Being an international student in London was a great life experience. The city is so dynamic and the culture is palpable. In between study and clinic, I was lucky enough to be able to travel domestically in the UK and abroad to Europe many times during my time in London, something that is very difficult to do from Australia!"   — Alexei Mogilevski, DClinDent Paediatric Dentistry (Sept 2019 - Sept 2022) 

Where you'll learn

New postgraduate study and research facilities are available in the state of the art Blizard building, as well as the Institute of Dentistry, and include: 

• 11 dedicated seminar rooms and a student learning centre
• 92 production laboratory spaces
• Digital imaging and two cutting-edge cone beam CT machines
• A PC in every operatory with ‘slave screen’ on chair for viewing images and discussing results with patient
• Modern facial-scanning equipment
• Facilities and services for 72 ‘phantom’ heads

Watch our video to see more of our facilities.

The Institute of Dentistry moved to new premises in The Royal London Hospital in 2014 – the first UK dental school to be built in 40 years. The £78m new premises house the most modern dental facilities in the UK, following more than a decade of planning and work. The new premises provide cutting-edge technology, superb education and research facilities for clinical dentistry and a vastly improved patient experience.

Your postgraduate learning experience is enhanced by our fantastic location in the east of London, offering students many exciting opportunities to develop an understanding of health and the treatment of disease in a diverse local community, in a global and international context. The culturally-rich area provides a wide range of patients, which you will assess, diagnose and treat.

About the Institute

Institute of dentistry.

If you study with us, you will join a dynamic, successful school with a first-class reputation: Queen Mary is ranked 15 th  in the World for dentistry in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023 and joint seventh in the UK for the quality of our research (REF 2021).

The Institute of Dentistry is a special place to undertake your postgraduate studies. We bring together a number of world-leading researchers in basic and clinical sciences who supervise research students in the fields of oral medicine, oral pathology, oral microbiology, oral epidemiology, oncology, dental biomaterials, dental biophysics, dental public health, dental education, periodontology, orthodontics, paediatric, prosthetic and conservative dentistry.

The Institute is based in Whitechapel and offers cutting-edge technology, a superb education and first-class research facilities.

The Institute of Dentistry is part of Queen Mary’s Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. Queen Mary is part of the University of London and a member of the Russell Group.

• Tel: +44 (0)20 7882 8930
• Institute of Dentistry Facebook
• Institute of Dentistry Twitter

Career paths

The degree provides a sound basis for developing an academic career and for preparing for a career as a specialist in the discipline of Paediatric Dentistry.

As a graduate of this training programme, you will be able to sit exam to gain membership of the Royal College of Surgeons, in order to register as a specialist in Paediatrics.

• 100% of Dentistry postgraduate-taught students are in employment or further study (2020/21)
• 100% of Dentistry postgraduate-taught students are in highly skilled work or graduate study (2020/21)

Fees and funding

Full-time study.

September 2024 | 3 years

• Home: £33,150
• Overseas: £60,250 EU/EEA/Swiss students

Conditional deposit

Overseas: £2000 Information about deposits

Queen Mary alumni can get a £1000, 10% or 20% discount on their fees depending on the programme of study. Find out more about the Alumni Loyalty Award

There are a number of ways you can fund your postgraduate degree.

• Scholarships and bursaries
• Postgraduate loans (UK students)
• Country-specific scholarships for international students

Our Advice and Counselling service offers specialist support on financial issues, which you can access as soon as you apply for a place at Queen Mary. Before you apply, you can access our funding guides and advice on managing your money:

• Advice for UK and EU students
• Advice for international students

Entry requirements

Degree requirements.

Applicants must have a primary qualification in Dentistry (BDS or equivalent).

Additional information

Two years full-time post-qualification clinical practice of dentistry, including six months full time experience in paediatric dentistry is also required.

Please note that in order for your application to be considered you must have obtained a minimum IELTS score of 6.5 at the point of submission of your application.

Following the application deadline, screening of applications and selection of candidates will take place. Candidates who are shortlisted will be invited to attend an online interview with the Programme Leads.

Find out more about how to apply for our postgraduate taught courses.

International

Afghanistan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Master Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Albania We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Algeria We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Diplome de [subject area]; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures; Diplome de Docteur end Pharmacie; or Diplome de Docteur en Medecine from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Angola We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grau de Licenciado/a (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 17 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 15 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 13 out of 20

Argentina We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo/ Grado de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Armenia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 87 out of 100 UK 2:1 degree: 75 out of 100 UK 2:2 degree: 61 out of 100

Australia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: High Distinction; or First Class with Honours UK 2:1 degree: Distinction; or Upper Second Class with Honours UK 2:2 degree: Credit; or Lower Second Class with Honours

Austria We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 1.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: 2.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5.0

The above relates to grading scale where 1 is the highest and 5 is the lowest.

Azerbaijan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90%; or GPA 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or GPA 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA 3.5 out of 5

Bahamas We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Bahrain We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 90 out of 100 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or 80 out of 100 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.3 out of 4.0; or 74 out of 100

Bangladesh We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.2 to 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.3 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.3 to 2.7 out of 4.0

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  For some institutions/degrees we will ask for different grades to above, so this is only a guide. 

Barbados We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from the University of West Indies, Cave Hill or Barbados Community College. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours*; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0** UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours*; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0** UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours*; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0**

*relates to: the University of West Indies, Cave Hill.

**relates to: Barbados Community College.

Belarus We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10; or 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10; or 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 5 out of 10; or 3.5 out of 5

Belgium We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80% or 16/20*; or 78%** UK 2:1 degree: 70% or 14/20*; or 72%** UK 2:2 degree: 60% or 12/20*; or 65%**

*Flanders (Dutch-speaking)/ Wallonia (French-speaking) **German-speaking

Belize We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Benin We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maitrise or Masters from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Bolivia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Bachiller Universitario or Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85%* or 80%** UK 2:1 degree: 75%* or 70%** UK 2:2 degree: 65%* or 60%**

*relates to: Titulo de Bachiller Universitario

**relates to: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] 

Bosnia and Herzegovina We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Botswana We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 5 years) or Master Degree from the University of Botswana. UK 1st class degree: 80% UK 2:1 degree: 70% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Brazil We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Título de Bacharel / Título de [subject area] or Título de Licenciado/a (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8.25 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

The above grades assumes that the grading scale has a pass mark of 5.

Brunei We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Bulgaria We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 5.75 out of 6.0 UK 2:1 degree: 4.75 out of 6.0 UK 2:2 degree: 4.0 out of 6.0

Burundi We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or 12 out of 20

Cambodia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 3.5 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 70%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or GPA 2.35 out of 4.0

Cameroon We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; Licence; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures de Commerce; Diplome d'Ingenieur de Conception/ Travaux; Doctorat en Medecine/ Pharmacie; or Maitrise or Master 1 from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Canada We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Chile We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grado de Licenciado en [subject area] or Titulo (Professional) de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 6.5 out of 7 UK 2:1 degree: 5.5 out of 7 UK 2:2 degree: 5 out of 7

China We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 85 to 95% UK 2:1 degree: 75 to 85% UK 2:2 degree: 70 to 80%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  Generally, we do not accept applications from students studying at Affiliate Colleges.

Colombia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado en [subject area] or Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.60 out of 5.00 UK 2:1 degree: 4.00 out of 5.00 UK 2:2 degree: 3.50 out of 5.00

Congo, Dem. Rep. of We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies or Diplome d'Etudes Speciales from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20; or 90% UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20; or 80% UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20; or 70%

Congo, Rep. of We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Etudes Superieures or Maitrise from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Costa Rica We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachiller or Licenciado from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Croatia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education Level VII/1 (Diploma - Visoko obrazovanje) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3 out of 5

Cuba We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Arquitecto/ Doctor/ Ingeniero from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Cyprus We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 6.0 out of 10; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Czech Republic We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 1.2 out of 4 UK 2:1 degree: 1.5 out of 4 UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 4

The above relates to grading scale where 1 is the highest and 4 is the lowest.

Denmark We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 12 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 11 out of 13 (before 2007) UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 8 out of 13 (before 2007) UK 2:2 degree: 4 out of 12 (2007 onwards); or 7 out of 13 (before 2007)

Dominican Republic We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 95/100 UK 2:1 degree: 85/100 UK 2:2 degree: 78/100

Ecuador We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 9/10; or 19/20; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 8/10; or 18/20; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or 7/10; or 14/20; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Egypt We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 85%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4 UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4 UK 2:2 degree: 65%; or GPA 2.5 out of 4

El Salvador We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 5 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Eritrea We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Estonia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; University Specialist's Diploma; or Professional Higher Education Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 3.5 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 2 out of 5

The above grades assumes that 1 is the pass mark. 

Eswatini We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80% UK 2:1 degree: 70% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Ethiopia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Fiji We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from one of the following institutions: Fiji National University, the University of Fiji, or the University of South Pacific, Fiji. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.0 out of 5.0*; or overall grade A with High Distinction pass**; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.5*** UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.33 out of 5.0*; or overall grade B with Credit pass**; or GPA 3.5 out of 4.5*** UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.33 out of 5.0*; or overall grade S (Satisfactory)**; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.5***

*relates to Fiji National University

**relate to the University of Fiji

***relates to the University of South Pacific, Fiji

Finland We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree/ Kandidaatti/ Kandidat (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution; or Bachelor degree (Ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/ Yrkeshögskoleexamen) from a recognised University of Applied Sciences. UK 1st class degree: 4.5 out of 5; or 2.8 out of 3 UK 2:1 degree: 3.5 out of 5; or 2 out of 3 UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 5; or 1.4 out of 3

France We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Grade de Licence; Diplome d'Ingenieur; or Maitrise from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 12 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Gambia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.3 UK 2:1 degree: 67%; or GPA 3.3 out of 4.3 UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or GPA 2.7 out of 4.3

Georgia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 91 out of 100; or 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 81 out of 100; or 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 71 out of 100; or 3.5 out of 5

Germany We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 1.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: 2.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5.0

Ghana We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class UK 2:1 degree: Second Class (Upper Division) UK 2:2 degree: Second Class (Lower Division)

Greece We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Degrees from recognised selected institutions in the University sector or Degrees (awarded after 2003) from recognised Technological Educational Institutes. UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10*; or 9 out of 10** UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10*; or 7.5 out of 10** UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10*; or 6.8 out of 10**

*Relates to degrees from the University Sector. **Relates to degrees from Technological Educational Institutes.

Grenada We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Guatemala We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% UK 2:1 degree: 80% UK 2:2 degree: 70%

The above grades assumes that the pass mark is 61% or less.

Guinea We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Master; Maitrise; Diplome d'Etudes Superieures; or Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Guyana We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Graduate Diploma (Postgraduate) or Masters degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Honduras We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/a / Grado Academico de Licenciatura (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 4.0 out of 5; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or 3.5 out of 5; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Hong Kong We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours

Hungary We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (Alapfokozat) or University Diploma (Egyetemi Oklevel) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.75 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Iceland We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (Baccalaureus or Bakkalarprof) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8.25 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7.25 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

India We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 75% to 80% UK 2:1 degree: 60% to 70% UK 2:2 degree: 50% to 60%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  For some institutions/degrees we will ask for different grades to above, so this is only a guide.  

For India, offers may be made on the GPA scale.

We do not consider the Bachelor of Vocation (B. Voc.) for Masters entry.

Indonesia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Sarjna I (S1) Bachelor Degree or Diploma IV (D4) (minimum 4 years) from selected degree programmes and institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 to 3.8 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.2 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.67 to 2.8 out of 4.0

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from and the degree that you study.

Iran We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 17.5 to 18.5 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 15 to 16 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 13.5 to 14 out of 20

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.  

Iraq We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85 out of 100 UK 2:1 degree: 75 out of 100 UK 2:2 degree: 60 out of 100

Ireland We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Honours Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours UK 2:1 degree: Second Class Honours Grade I UK 2:2 degree: Second Class Honours Grade II

Israel We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% UK 2:1 degree: 80% UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Italy We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Laurea (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 110 out of 110 UK 2:1 degree: 105 out of 110 UK 2:2 degree: 94 out of 110

Cote D’ivoire (Ivory Coast) We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Ingenieur; Doctorat en Medicine; Maitrise; Master; Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies; or Diplome d'Etudes Superieures Specialisees from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Jamaica We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from the University of West Indies (UWI) or a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or First Class Honours from the UWI UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or Upper Second Class Honours from the UWI UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or Lower Second Class Honours from the UWI

Japan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: S overall* or A overall**; or 90%; or GPA 3.70 out of 4.00 UK 2:1 degree: A overall* or B overall**; or 80%; or GPA 3.00 out of 4.00 UK 2:2 degree: B overall* or C overall**; or 70%; or GPA 2.3 out of 4.00

*Overall mark is from the grading scale: S, A, B, C (S is highest mark) **Overall mark is from the grading scale: A, B, C, D (A is highest mark)

Jordan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85%; or GPA of 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or GPA of 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70%; or GPA of 2.5 out of 4.0

Kazakhstan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 3.8 out of 4.0/4.33; or 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 3.33 out of 4.0/4.33; or 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 2.67 out of 4.0/4.33; or 3.5 out of 5

Kenya We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: Second Class Honours Upper Division; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: Second Class Honours Lower Division; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Kosovo We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7.5 out of 10

Kuwait We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.67 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.67 out of 4.0

Kyrgyzstan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.7 out of 4 UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5; or GPA 3.0 out of 4 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5; or GPA 2.4 out of 4

Laos We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Latvia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (awarded after 2002) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10

Lebanon We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree; Licence; or Maitrise from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% or Grade A; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 16 out of 20 (French system) UK 2:1 degree: 80% or Grade B; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or 13 out of 20 (French system) UK 2:2 degree: 70% or Grade C; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0; or 12 out of 20 (French system)

Lesotho We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree (minimum 5 years total HE study); Masters Degree or Postgraduate Diploma from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 80% UK 2:1 degree: 70% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Liberia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Libya We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 3.7 out of 4.0 GPA UK 2:1 degree: 75%; or 3.0 out of 4.0 GPA UK 2:2 degree: 65%; or 2.6 out of 4.0 GPA

Liechtenstein We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 5.6 out of 6.0 UK 2:1 degree: 5.0 out of 6.0 UK 2:2 degree: 4.4 out of 6.0

Lithuania We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Luxembourg We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Macau We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Licenciatura) (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Macedonia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diploma of Completed Higher Education - Level VII/1 or Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Madagascar We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maîtrise; Diplome d'Ingenieur; Diplôme d'Etat de Docteur en Médecine; Diplôme d’Etat de Docteur en Chirurgie Dentaire; Diplôme d'Études Approfondies; Diplôme de Magistère (Première Partie) – also known as Master 1; or Diplôme de Master – also known as Master 2 from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Malawi We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 80% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 70% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 60% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Malaysia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: Class 1; or 3.7 out of 4.0 CGPA UK 2:1 degree: Class 2 division 1; or 3.0 out of 4.0 CGPA UK 2:2 degree: Class 2 division 2; or 2.6 out of 4.0 CGPA

Maldives We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (awarded from 2000) from the Maldives National University. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Malta We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class Honours; or Category I UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class Honours; or Category IIA UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours; or Category IIB

Mauritius We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: Class I; or 70% UK 2:1 degree: Class II division I; or 60% UK 2:2 degree: Class II division II; or 50%

Offer conditions will vary depending on the grading scale used by your institution.

Mexico We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo (Profesional) de [subject area] from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.0 to 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.0 to 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7.0 to 7.5 out of 10

Offer conditions will vary depending on the grading scale your institution uses.

Moldova We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Diploma de Licenta) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6.5 out of 10

Monaco We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Mongolia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.6 out of 4.0; or 90%; or grade A UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0; or 80%; or grade B UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.8 out of 4.0; or 70%; or grade C

Montenegro We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diploma of Completed Academic Undergraduate Studies; Diploma of Professional Undergraduate Studies; or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.5 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Morocco We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Diplome d'Ecoles Nationales de Commerce et de Gestion; Diplome de Docteur Veterinaire; Doctorat en Medecine; Docteur en Medecine Dentaire; Licence; Diplome d'Inegeniuer d'Etat; Diplome de Doctorat en Pharmacie; or Maitrise from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 13 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Mozambique We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grau de Licenciado (minimum 4 years) or Grau de Mestre from from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Myanmar We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80% or GPA of 4.7 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: 70% or GPA of 4.0 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: 60% or GPA of 3.5 out of 5.0

Namibia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree or Professional Bachelor Degree (NQF level 8 qualifications) - these to be awarded after 2008 from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80% UK 2:1 degree: 70% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Nepal We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 80%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 65%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 55%; or GPA of 2.4 out of 4.0

Bachelor in Nursing Science are not considered equivalent to UK Bachelor degrees.

Netherlands We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 7 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 10

New Zealand We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: A-*; or First Class Honours** UK 2:1 degree: B*; or Second Class (Division 1) Honours** UK 2:2 degree: C+*; or Second Class (Division 2) Honours**

*from a Bachelor degree **from a Bachelor Honours degree

Nigeria We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.50 out of 5.00; or GPA 6.0 out of 7.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.50 out of 5.00; or GPA 4.6 out of 7.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.80 out of 5.00; or GPA 3.0 out of 7.0

Norway We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: Overall B grade with at least 75 ECTS (of 180 ECTS min overall) at grade A or above. UK 2:1 degree: Overall B grade UK 2:2 degree: Overall C grade

Oman We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Pakistan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.0 to 3.8 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 2.6 to 3.6 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.0 to 3.0 out of 4.0

Palestine, State of We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80% or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Panama We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado / Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 91% UK 2:1 degree: 81% UK 2:2 degree: 71%

Papua New Guinea We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: Class I UK 2:1 degree: Class II, division A UK 2:2 degree: Class II, division B

Paraguay We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado / Titulo de [professional title] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out fo 5

Peru We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Grado Academico de Bachiller or Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo (Professional) de [subject area] from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 17 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Philippines We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions or Juris Doctor; Bachelor of Laws; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Dentistry/ Optometry/ Veterinary Medicine; or Masters Degree from recognised institutions. UK 1st class degree: 3.6 out of 4.0; or 94%; or 1.25 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 3.0 out of 4.0; or 86%; or 1.75 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 2.5 out of 4.0; or 80%; or 2.5 out of 5

The above 'out of 5' scale assumes  1 is highest mark and 3 is the pass mark.

Poland We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licencjat or Inzynier (minimum 3 years) - these must be awarded after 2001 from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.8 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: 4.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: 3.8 out of 5.0

The above grades are based on the 2 to 5 scale, where 3 is the pass mark and 5 is the highest mark.

Portugal We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licenciado (minimum 180 ECTS credits) or Diploma de Estudos Superiores Especializados (DESE) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 14 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 12 out of 20

Puerto Rico We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90/100 or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 80/100 or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 70/100 or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Qatar We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or GPA 4.4 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or GPA 3.6 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or GPA 2.8 out of 5.0

Romania We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.75 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8.0 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7.0 out of 10

Russia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Rwanda We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85%; or 17 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 70%; or 15 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 60%; or 13 out of 20

Saudi Arabia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.75 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.75 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.75 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 5.0; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Senegal We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Maîtrise; Master II; Diplôme d'Études Approfondies (DEA); Diplôme d'Études Supérieures Specialisées (DESS); Diplôme d'État de Docteur en Médecine; Diplôme d'Ingénieur; Diplôme de Docteur en Chirurgie Dentaire; or Diplôme de Pharmacien from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16/20 UK 2:1 degree: 14/20 UK 2:2 degree: 12/20

Serbia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Advanced Diploma of Higher Education from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Sierra Leone We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Honours) or a Masters degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: First Class honours; or GPA 4.7 out of 5; or GPA 3.75 out of 4 UK 2:1 degree: Upper Second Class honours; or GPA 4 out of 5; or GPA 3.25 out of 4 UK 2:2 degree: Lower Second Class Honours; or GPA 3.4 out of 5; or GPA 2.75 out of 4

Singapore We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.3 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.6 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.8 out of 5.0; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.3 out of 5.0; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Slovakia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (180 ECTS credits) (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 93%; or 1 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark) UK 2:1 degree: 86%; or 1.5 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark) UK 2:2 degree: 72%; or 2.5 overall (on 1 to 4 scale, where 1 is highest mark)

Slovenia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Univerzitetni Diplomant (180 ECTS credits) (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 9.5 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 7 out of 10

Somalia Bachelor degrees from Somalia are not considered for direct entry to our postgraduate taught programmes. Holders of Bachelor degrees from Somali National University can be considered for our Pre-Masters programmes on a case by case basis.

South Africa We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: NQF Level 8 qualifications such as Bachelor Honours degrees or Professional Bachelor degrees from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 75% UK 2:1 degree: 70% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

South Korea We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.2 out of 4.5; or GPA 4.0 out of 4.3; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.5 out of 4.5; or GPA 3.3 out of 4.3; or GPA 3.2 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.5; or GPA 2.8 out of 4.3; or GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Spain We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo Universitario Oficial de Graduado en [subject area] (Grado) or Titulo Universitario Oficial de Licenciado en [subject area] (Licenciatura) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8.0 out of 10; or 2.5 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or 2.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 6.0 out of 10; or 1.5 out of 4.0

Sri Lanka We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Special or Honours) or Bachelor Degree (Professional) (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.5 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Sudan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution or Bachelor degree in one of the following Professional subjects: Architecture; Dentistry; Engineering; Medicine/Surgery from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 80% UK 2:1 degree: 65% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

Sweden We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (Kandidatexamen) or Professional Bachelor Degree (Yrkesexamenfrom) (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: Overall B grade with at least 75 ECTS at grade A or above (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 65% of credits graded at VG overall UK 2:1 degree: Overall B grade (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 50% of credits graded at VG overall UK 2:2 degree: Overall C grade (180 ECTS minimum overall); or at least 20% of credits graded at VG overall.

Switzerland We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor degree (180 ECTS credits) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 5.5 out of 6; or 9 out of 10 UK 2:1 degree: 5 out of 6; or 8 out of 10 UK 2:2 degree: 4.25 out of 6; or 7 out of 10

Syria We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 85% UK 2:1 degree: 75% UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Taiwan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from selected institutions. UK 1st class degree: 85 to 90% UK 2:1 degree: 70 to 75% UK 2:2 degree: 65 to 70%

Tajikistan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Specialist Diploma or Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Tanzania We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.4 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.5 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.7 out of 5.0

Thailand We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.40 to 3.60 out of 4.00 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.00 to 3.20 out of 4.00 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.40 to 2.60 out of 4.00

Offer conditions will vary depending on the institution you are applying from.

Trinidad and Tobago We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or First Class Honours from the University of West Indies UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0; or Upper Second Class Honours from the University of West Indies UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.4 out of 4.0; or Lower Second Class Honours from the University of West Indies

Tunisia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Licence; Diplome National d'Architecture; Maitrise; Diplome National d'Ingeniuer; or Doctorat en Medecine / Veterinaire from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 16 out of 20 UK 2:1 degree: 13 out of 20 UK 2:2 degree: 11 out of 20

Turkey We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.40 to 3.60 out of 4.00 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 2.80 to 3.00 out of 4.00 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.30 to 2.50 out of 4.00

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.60 out of 4.00 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.00 out of 4.00 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.50 out of 4.00

Turkmenistan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Diploma of Higher Education (awarded after 2007) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 3.5 out of 5

Turks and Caicos Islands We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (accredited by the Council of Community Colleges of Jamaica) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0; or 80% UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.3 out of 4.0; or 75% UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.7 out of 4.0; or 65%

Uganda We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 3 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 4.4 out of 5.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 4.0 out of 5.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 5.0

Ukraine We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 10 out of 12; or 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 8 out of 12; or 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 6 out of 12; or 3.5 out of 5

United Arab Emirates We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

United States of America We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: GPA 3.2 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: GPA 2.5 out of 4.0

Uruguay We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] (minimum 4 years) from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 10 to 11 out of 12 UK 2:1 degree: 7 to 9 out of 12 UK 2:2 degree: 6 to 7 out of 12

Uzbekistan We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) or Specialist Diploma from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90%; or 4.7 out of 5 UK 2:1 degree: 80%; or 4.0 out of 5 UK 2:2 degree: 71%; or 3.5 out of 5

Venezuela We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo de [subject area] from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 81% UK 2:1 degree: 71% UK 2:2 degree: 61%

Non-percentage grading scales, for example scales out of 20, 10, 9 or 5, will have different requirements. 

Vietnam We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 8.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.7 out of 4 UK 2:1 degree: 7.0 out of 10; or GPA 3.0 out of 4 UK 2:2 degree: 5.7 out of 10; or GPA 2.4 out of 4

Yemen We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters (Majister) degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 90% UK 2:1 degree: 80% UK 2:2 degree: 65%

Bachelor Degrees from Lebanese International University (in Yemen) can be considered for entry to postgraduate taught programmes - please see Lebanon for guidance on grade requirements for this.

Zambia We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Masters Degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 75%; or GPA 3.7 out of 4.0 UK 2:1 degree: 65%; or GPA 3.0 out of 4.0 UK 2:2 degree: 55%; or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Zimbabwe We normally consider the following qualifications for entry to our postgraduate taught programmes: Bachelor Degree (minimum 4 years) or Bachelor Honours degree from a recognised institution. UK 1st class degree: 75% UK 2:1 degree: 65% UK 2:2 degree: 60%

English language requirements

If you got your degree in an English speaking country or if it was taught in English, and you studied within the last five years, you might not need an English language qualification - find out more .

English language entry requirements  for programmes within the Institute of Dentistry

You may be able to meet the English language requirement for your programme by joining a  summer pre-sessional programme before starting your degree.

Visas and immigration

Find out how to apply for a student visa .

Academic queries

Postgraduate admissions, related courses, clinical oral microbiology dclindent, oral medicine dclindent, orthodontics dclindent, oral surgery dclindent.

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• Diversity & Inclusion
• Undergraduate
• Postgraduate
• Postgraduate research
• Overseas Registration Examination
• Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology
• Host-Microbiome Interactions
• Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences
• Research groups

PhD opportunities

Our connections

• NHS partners
• Partnerships
• International
• DentAlliance

PhD projects in the Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences become available all year round. You can browse through the current opportunities in each of our research centres below , alongside faculty projects offered through funded studentship schemes.

When you find a project of interest, your first step is to contact the first supervisor named in the project description by email to discuss before submitting an application. Deadlines and full details of how to apply are specified in the project descriptions.

Projects: Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology

Projects: Host-Microbiome Interactions

Projects: Dental Education

Projects: Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences

General prospectus page: NOTE: prospective students should identify a supervisor/project before applying

Bridge the gap between in-vivo life sciences and multi-scale modelling

NEW: Multiscale Models for Life (MM4L) Centre for Doctoral Training

MM4L is open for applications for 2024 entry. Explore the programme >>>

PhD opportunities with the Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology

Generating sensory progenitor cells.

Sense organs are essential for communication with our environment providing visual, auditory and olfactory input. Among the most common birth defects, are craniofacial malformations often associated with sensory defects, while age-related loss of vision, smell and hearing is increasingly common in the ageing population.

Find out more

How do new organs evolve: a gene regulatory perspective on ear evolution

There are three unique features common to all vertebrates: the vertebral column, the brain as part of the nervous system and a complex head where sense organs became concentrated.

Making ears from multipotent progenitor cells

One of the key questions in biology is to uncover how cells with the same genomic information become different from each other. This is not only important to understand embryo development, but also to determine what goes wrong in disease, how we can use this information to promote tissues regeneration or to reprogram cells for stem cell-based therapies.

Development of novel articulations: formation of the snake jaw

The evolution of the incredibly complex jaw apparatus of snakes allows many species to consume prey much larger than themselves. This study explores the development, structure and function of two lower jaw specialisations unique to most snake species, namely the free mandibular symphysis and the intramandibular hinge joint.

Integration of the ear: external, middle and inner

Hearing as one of the five human senses plays a crucial role in our quality of life and integration into society, impacting on speech and language skills. Congenital hearing loss has been estimated to occur at an incidence of 1 in 1000 births, and as such has a major impact on the life of many children.

PhD opportunities with the Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions

What is special about special care patients.

There is no doubt that the majority of disabled people are, and should be, receiving dental treatment in the community within general dental practices. A small, but significant, number of patients are still referred regularly for specialist care from Special Care Dentistry Teams, however, and this study sets out to examine who these special care patients are and what it is that makes them special.

Disabled Dentists: Experiences of people training to be and working as disabled dentists in the UK.

This research will explore the experiences of dental students and practicing dentists self-identifying as having a disability with a focus on identifying barriers to successful practice and the ways these are, or should be, being negotiated.

Social Construction of Dentists: A review of the aims, content and ethos of dental education

There is wide recognition that dentistry is changing and that skills and knowledge needed are also changing. A growing body of researchers are now looking at workforce planning and shaping the workforce of the future with a focus on the mix of skills and professions needed within the dental team (see for example Wanyonyi et al. 2014). What kinds of dentists are we trying to create?

The role of host-microbiome interactions in peri-implant health and disease

The successful management of peri-implantitis is based on the evaluation of composite therapeutic end-points, similar to those of periodontal treatment, that correspond to disease resolution and include the presence of shallow pockets without any bleeding on probing or suppuration and the maintenance of radiographic bone levels.

Impact of vitamin D supplementation on Wnt activity in the development of periodontitis

Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread problem in the UK. Vitamin D plays a protective role against a myriad of chronic diseases. Periodontal disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in the UK. Current treatments fail to reverse existing damage to bone and supporting tissues.

Exploring the role of host-microbiome interactions in the development of periodontal biomarkers and personalised, precision periodontal care.

This translational project aims to explore the role of MAMPs and their interactions with the host immune system in the development of periodontal biomarkers for disease risk assessment and novel therapeutic approaches for personalised, precision periodontal care.

PhD opportunities with the Centre for Dental Education

Investigating the impact of digital media and social media on the dental profession and dental education.

Dental professionals and students have a responsibility to behave professionally both online and offline.

Investigating the role of learning analytics on assessment and learning of clinical skills

Learning in the digital age gives educational institutions opportunities to gather rich data which could be used for inferring the progress of learners in learning technologies and environments. However, while large amounts of data are available, little interpretation about them is being made.

Replicating Dental Caries in a haptically enabled dental virtual reality simulator (HDVRS)

Simulation of dental caries has always been a challenge to truly replicate the texture, softness and colour for haptically enabled virtual simulators. This research project will explore the 1. variations between clinicians on acceptable amounts of caries to leave in a HDVRS 2. develop more realistic caries representations 3. assess student performance in caries removal on the new models

PhD opportunities with the Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences

Relationship between biomarkers of periimplantitis and cardiovascular disease risk..

Dental implants are used for treating either partial or complete edentulous patients. Despite their good survival rate, there is a still high prevalence of peri-implant diseases. This is classified as peri-implant mucositis which is reversible inflammation of the soft tissues around an implant and peri-implantitis which involves inflammation leading to loss of supporting bone around an implant. This project will provide novel insights into the role of host responses related to peri-implantitis in predisposing to CVD risk.

Assessing the benefits of learning to fly, for disabled people

Aerobility is a charity which offers those with any disability the opportunity to experience a flight in a small aircraft. For some it is a once in a lifetime experience, for others it can comprise a full course leading to a pilot’s licence. The aim of the charity Is to improve sense of self worth, quality of life and wellbeing of its clients. KCL, through partnership with Aerobillity, is looking to develop an academic assessment of the outcomes for clients, volunteers and the families of those clients

Multimodal label-free optical diagnosis of early oral cancers

Oral cancers are severe life-limiting diseases, particularly when discovered in the later stages. Early detection in precancerous or early cancer stages (i.e., carcinoma in situ) is among the most important measures for reducing morbidity and mortality rates in oral cancer patients.

Functionalisation of PEEK used as a scaffold material enhancing cell proliferation in the rehabilitation of critical size bone defects

The overall aim of this research is to develop a 3D printed PEEK scaffold that has a surface and internal geometry similar to bone which will be further investigated as to whether different surface preparations (i.e. physical, chemical and organic) enhance the proliferation of human (HOB) osteoblast cells and, assess whether any osteo-inductive property can be imparted by specific self-assembling peptides (SAP’s) on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC’s).

• Schools & departments

Dentistry PhD

Awards: PhD

Study modes: Full-time, Part-time

Funding opportunities

Programme website: Dentistry

Upcoming Introduction to Postgraduate Study and Research events

Join us online on the 19th June or 26th June to learn more about studying and researching at Edinburgh.

Choose your event and register

Research profile

There are opportunities for both full-time and part-time research. In addition to our formal research degrees, applications are accepted for shorter periods where a contribution can be made to one of our research themes, giving the opportunity for development of research skills.

Training and support

Our research degrees provide training in specific research methodologies. Those registered for formal research degrees also have the opportunity for formal generic training in research skills, provided within the College.

Entry requirements

These entry requirements are for the 2024/25 academic year and requirements for future academic years may differ. Entry requirements for the 2025/26 academic year will be published on 1 Oct 2024.

A UK 2:1 honours degree or its international equivalent.

International qualifications

Check whether your international qualifications meet our general entry requirements:

• Entry requirements by country
• English language requirements

Regardless of your nationality or country of residence, you must demonstrate a level of English language competency at a level that will enable you to succeed in your studies.

English language tests

We accept the following English language qualifications at the grades specified:

• IELTS Academic: total 7.0 with at least 6.5 in each component. We do not accept IELTS One Skill Retake to meet our English language requirements.
• TOEFL-iBT (including Home Edition): total 100 with at least 23 in each component. We do not accept TOEFL MyBest Score to meet our English language requirements.
• C1 Advanced ( CAE ) / C2 Proficiency ( CPE ): total 185 with at least 176 in each component.
• Trinity ISE : ISE III with passes in all four components.
• PTE Academic: total 70 with at least 62 in each component.

Your English language qualification must be no more than three and a half years old from the start date of the programme you are applying to study, unless you are using IELTS , TOEFL, Trinity ISE or PTE , in which case it must be no more than two years old.

Degrees taught and assessed in English

We also accept an undergraduate or postgraduate degree that has been taught and assessed in English in a majority English speaking country, as defined by UK Visas and Immigration:

• UKVI list of majority English speaking countries

We also accept a degree that has been taught and assessed in English from a university on our list of approved universities in non-majority English speaking countries (non-MESC).

• Approved universities in non-MESC

If you are not a national of a majority English speaking country, then your degree must be no more than five years old* at the beginning of your programme of study. (*Revised 05 March 2024 to extend degree validity to five years.)

Find out more about our language requirements:

Fees and costs

Scholarships and funding, uk government postgraduate loans.

If you live in the UK, you may be able to apply for a postgraduate loan from one of the UK’s governments.

The type and amount of financial support you are eligible for will depend on:

• your programme
• the duration of your studies
• your tuition fee status

Programmes studied on a part-time intermittent basis are not eligible.

• UK government and other external funding

Other funding opportunities

Search for scholarships and funding opportunities:

• Search for funding

Further information

• Programme Administrator, Jackie McGurk
• Phone: +44 (0)131 536 3979
• Contact: [email protected]
• Edinburgh Postgraduate Dental Institute
• School of Clinical Sciences
• Lauriston Building, Lauriston Place
• Central Campus
• Programme: Dentistry
• School: Edinburgh Medical School: Clinical Sciences
• College: Medicine & Veterinary Medicine

Select your programme and preferred start date to begin your application.

PhD Dentistry - 3 Years (Full-time)

Phd dentistry - 6 years (part-time), application deadlines.

We encourage you to apply at least one month prior to entry so that we have enough time to process your application. If you are also applying for funding or will require a visa then we strongly recommend you apply as early as possible.

• How to apply

You must submit two references with your application.

Before making your application, you must make contact with a potential supervisor to discuss your research proposal. Further information on making a research degree application can be found on the College website:

• How to apply for a research degree

You will be formally interviewed (in person, by video-conferencing or Skype).

Find out more about the general application process for postgraduate programmes:

• Faculty of Medicine and Health
• School of Dentistry
• Research degrees

Our research degrees

Many of our students go on to further study with our Dentistry research degrees, including PhD study and more. Each has a different timeframe and distinct career implications, so here’s an overview of your options.

Please note: Overseas students who wish to be eligible to sit the MPaedDent Royal College examination, are advised to apply for the three year Professional Doctorate programme which combines all the taught elements of the MSc with an in depth research project and clinical experience in the third year. You can apply for the Professional Doctorate in Paediatric Dentistry  here .

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)

Our PhD programmes provide postgraduates with world class training and research experience to equip them for the rigours of a post-doctoral career, whether that be in academia or the industrial/commercial sector.

PhD research training at the School of Dentistry concentrates on the core skills to enable researchers to identify a research problem and confidently apply their developing skills to test hypotheses and find solutions. The independent ability to design experiments, critically appraise data and communicate findings underpins this PhD programme.

The acquisition of transferable skills is also essential to give doctoral graduates a competitive lead in the 21st century employment market, and candidates' personal and professional development is discussed early in the PhD.

The traditional PhD remains the obvious choice for candidates interested in a research career, whether in an academic, industrial or commercial environment.

Professional Doctorate in Paediatric Dentistry

Three year full-time or five year part-time

The Professional Doctorate in Paediatric Dentistry recognises the demanding nature of and delivers high levels of clinical training coupled with academic study in the dental specialities.

The programme recognises that as a clinician, you may wish to engage in research without necessarily pursuing an academic career. The research aspect is embedded into clinical practice - this enables you to complete specialist clinical and academic training alongside significant research activity within the time frame of a doctoral training programme.

It is important to note that this is a research degree leading to the award of a doctoral level degree, therefore the research component of the degree is significant.

Upon completion of the programme, you will be able to:

• Demonstrate in-depth specialist knowledge of techniques relevant to clinical paediatric dentistry or advanced understanding of concepts, information and techniques informed clinical paediatric dentistry
• Exhibit competence in the exercise of generic dental and paediatrics-specific intellectual abilities
• Demonstrate advanced understanding of techniques applicable to your own research, advanced scholarship or area of specific interest within the field of dentistry
• Take a proactive and self-reflective role in working and to develop professional relationships with others both within the dental team and outside the dental profession
• Proactively formulate ideas and hypotheses and evaluate these
• Evaluate current issues and research in dentistry with particular emphasis on paediatric dentistry

If you'd like to find out more about our Professional Doctorate visit our page , or of our other research opportunities, why not visit our Faculty Graduate School  for the latest on opportunities, facilities and how to apply .

MPhil, MDS by Research

If you wish to undertake full-time research but do not require a PhD, we also offer:

• Master of Philosophy (MPhil): 2 years full time
• Masters by Research (MSc): 1 year full time

Masters degrees by research are useful for many careers which include elements of research but which do not specifically require a PhD (e.g. in the commercial sector).

These Masters degree programmes also offer the chance to experience what it would be like to study for a full PhD if you are unsure whether a PhD is right for you in the first instance.

Perhaps most importantly, a Masters qualification may be useful for those who wish to study for a PhD but whose graduate qualifications are not appropriate.

A Masters degree can often bridge the graduate-doctorate divide, increasing the chances of being offered an opportunity to study for a PhD and obtaining funding.

• Schools & departments

Paediatric Dentistry

Information about our DClinDent programme in Paediatric Dentistry

About our programme

Information about the Paediatric Dentistry programme.

Programme structure

Core components of the course.

Educational aims of the programme

Educational aims of the programme.

Course content

Learning objectives and reading lists for seminars

Entry requirements

Details of the entry qualifications and the English language requirements.

Staff who deliver the Paediatric Dentistry programme.

Application

Application deadlines and how to apply

Fees and costs

An overview of tuition fees, deposits and estimated living costs in Edinburgh.

Further information

How to get in touch with us if you would like any further information.

All images from Getty Images

This article was published on 2024-01-29

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Join our Postgraduate Open Day - Saturday 22 June

Dentistry - PhD/ MSc by Research

Annual tuition fee for 2024/25: UK: £4,778 FT £2,389 PT International: £27,360

More details

• Visit an Open Day
• Request a prospectus
• Course details
• Entry Requirements
• Employability

Our Dentistry PhD/MSc by Research will equip you with the skills you need to contribute to research that focuses on the scientific basis of oral and dental disease, providing innovative solutions to important problems significantly impacting the population and helping to deliver a vision for improving oral and general health.

As part of the School of Dentistry , you will work amongst the very best researchers to produce original and distinctive globally leading research, with the ultimate aim to provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic solutions to the most common oral and general health problems.

Our PhD/MSc by Research program is intended for students who wish to obtain high quality research training that will enable them to conduct independent investigative research.

You can choose from a range of research areas within Dentistry in our themes :

• Clinical and experimental oral sciences
• Oral regeneration rehabilitation sciences

You will work closely with your supervisory team who will help you clarify your project and support your development. Your thesis will represent an original contribution to knowledge and demonstrate independent judgement.

For all you need to know about our staff, news, research areas and the impact of our research visit the School of Dentistry .

Why study this course?

When you join your programme you will become part of the Graduate School within the College of Medical and Dental Sciences  giving you access to:

• Supervision from leading academics to support you through your research programme including research techniques and training.
• Training and development courses to enable you to gain research and generic (transferable) training skills
• Opportunities to attend and take part in Research Poster festivals and other postgraduate activities to boost your academic and networking skills
• An allocated academic mentor so you can access pastoral support
• State-of-the art facilities to support a range of teaching, learning and research activity with access to dedicated write up rooms, libraries, and computer facilities.

You will also become part of the wider University of Birmingham postgraduate research community located at Westmere House where you have access to training and skills development, careers and employability advice, wellbeing and counselling services as well as welcome activities and events.

Ask a student mentor

The best people to ask about postgraduate study are the students that have done it. Our mentor scheme enables you to directly contact student mentors with any questions that you have about studying here and gain help and advice from a student perspective. Please feel free to contact the mentors directly using the question box on their profile page.

UK: £4,778 full-time, £2,389 part-time International: £27,360 full-time

The above fees are for one year only. If you are studying over two or more years, tuition fees will also be payable in subsequent years.

We welcome enquiries from students who have obtained funding and self-funded students looking to conduct research in other areas and encourage prospective doctoral students to contact our research staff to discuss their intended area of study.

To search for postgraduate research funding opportunities to support your studies at the University of Birmingham use our funding database .

How To Apply

Before you make your application.

When submitting an application for any postgraduate programme, you are also required to submit supporting documentation to accompany your application form. To give your application the best chance of success follow our  step-by-step guide .

Making your application

If you have got everything ready to apply then please go to the Apply Now button at the bottom of this page. We look forward to receiving your application.

International applicants

We encourage you to apply early, so that you have plenty of time to prepare the necessary travel, study and immigration documents. In some cases, it may be a time-consuming process. You will find further information and guidance for prospective students regarding visas and immigration on our Student Help pages.

After you have submitted your application

Once you've completed your online application and submitted it electronically, it will be checked by staff in the Postgraduate Admissions team before being sent to the College of Medical and Dental Sciences for consideration. Selection processes differ depending on the type of application you have made.

If you need any help with you application or have any further queries please contact us:

Email: [email protected] Telephone: +44 (0)121 414 5005

You may wish to register your interest with us to receive regular news and updates on postgraduate life within this Department and the wider University.

• How to apply

To apply for a postgraduate research programme, you will need to submit your application and supporting documents online. We have put together some helpful information on the research programme application process and supporting documents on our how to apply page . Please read this information carefully before completing your application.

Our Standard Requirements

2:1 honours degree in a subject relevant to the research area you applying to.

International Requirements

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 14/20 from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the Licenciado or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Argentinian university, with a promedio of at least 7.5, may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Applicants for PhD degrees will normally have a Maestria or equivalent

Applicants who hold a Masters degree will be considered for admission to PhD study.

Holders of a good four-year Diplomstudium/Magister or a Masters degree from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 2.5 will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a good 5-year Specialist Diploma or 4-year Bachelor degree from a recognised higher education institution in Azerbaijan, with a minimum GPA of 4/5 or 80% will be considered for entry to postgraduate taught programmes at the University of Birmingham.

For postgraduate research programmes applicants should have a good 5-year Specialist Diploma (completed after 1991), with a minimum grade point average of 4/5 or 80%, from a recognised higher education institution or a Masters or “Magistr Diplomu” or “Kandidat Nauk” from a recognised higher education institution in Azerbaijan.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 75% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a CGPA of 3.0-3.3/4.0 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students who hold a Masters degree from the University of Botswana with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 (70%/B/'very good') will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Please note 4-year bachelor degrees from the University of Botswana are considered equivalent to a Diploma of Higher Education. 5-year bachelor degrees from the University of Botswana are considered equivalent to a British Bachelor (Ordinary) degree.

Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

A Licenciatura or Bacharelado degree from a recognised Brazilian university:

• A grade of 7.5/10 for entry to programmes with a 2:1 requirement
• A grade of 6.5/10for entry to programmes with a 2:2 requirement

Holders of a good Bachelors degree with honours (4 to 6 years) from a recognised university with a upper second class grade or higher will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.  Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good post-2001 Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a minimum average of 14 out of 20 (or 70%) on a 4-year Licence, Bachelor degree or Diplôme d'Etudes Superieures de Commerce (DESC) or Diplôme d'Ingénieur or a Maîtrise will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Holders of a bachelor degree with honours from a recognised Canadian university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. A GPA of 3.0/4, 7.0/9 or 75% is usually equivalent to a UK 2.1.

Holders of the Licenciado or equivalent Professional Title from a recognised Chilean university will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Applicants for PhD study will preferably hold a Magister degree or equivalent.

Students with a bachelor’s degree (4 years minimum) may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. However please note that we will only consider students who meet the entry guidance below.  Please note: for the subject areas below we use the Shanghai Ranking 2022 (full table)  ,  Shanghai Ranking 2023 (full table) , and Shanghai Ranking of Chinese Art Universities 2023 .

需要具备学士学位（4年制）的申请人可申请研究生课程。请根据所申请的课程查看相应的入学要求。 请注意，中国院校名单参考 软科中国大学排名2022（总榜） ，  软科中国大学排名2023（总榜） ，以及 软科中国艺术类高校名单2023 。  

Business School    - MSc programmes (excluding MBA)  

商学院硕士课程（MBA除外）入学要求

School of Computer Science – all MSc programmes 计算机学院硕士课程入学要求

College of Social Sciences – courses listed below 社会科学 学院部分硕士课程入学要求 MA Education  (including all pathways) MSc TESOL Education MSc Public Management MA Global Public Policy MA Social Policy MA Sociology Department of Political Science and International Studies  全部硕士课程 International Development Department  全部硕士课程

  All other programmes (including MBA)   所有其他 硕士课程（包括 MBA）入学要求

Please note:

• Borderline cases: We may consider students with lower average score (within 5%) on a case-by-case basis if you have a relevant degree and very excellent grades in relevant subjects and/or relevant work experience. 如申请人均分低于相应录取要求（5%以内），但具有出色学术背景，优异的专业成绩，以及（或）相关的工作经验，部分课程将有可能单独酌情考虑。
• Please contact the China Recruitment Team for any questions on the above entry requirements. 如果您对录取要求有疑问，请联系伯明翰大学中国办公室   [email protected]

Holders of the Licenciado/Professional Title from a recognised Colombian university will be considered for our Postgraduate Diploma and Masters degrees. Applicants for PhD degrees will normally have a Maestria or equivalent.

Holders of a good bachelor degree with honours (4 to 6 years) from a recognised university with a upper second class grade or higher will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.  Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Bacclaureus (Bachelors) from a recognised Croatian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 4.0 out of 5.0, vrlo dobar ‘very good’, or a Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a Bachelors degree(from the University of the West Indies or the University of Technology) may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. A Class II Upper Division degree is usually equivalent to a UK 2.1. For further details on particular institutions please refer to the list below.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Masters degree or Mphil from the University of the West Indies.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum overall grade of 6.5 out of 10, or a GPA of 3 out of 4, and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bakalár from a recognised Czech Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 1.5, B, velmi dobre ‘very good’ (post-2004) or 2, velmi dobre ‘good’ (pre-2004), or a good post-2002 Magistr (Masters), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum overall grade of 7-10 out of 12 (or 8 out of 13) or higher for 2:1 equivalence and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters/ Magisterkonfereus/Magister Artium degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the Licenciado or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Ecuadorian university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Grades of 70% or higher can be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Magister/Masterado or equivalent qualification, but holders of the Licenciado with excellent grades can be considered.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 75% from a recognised institution. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bakalaurusekraad from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 4/5 or B, or a good one- or two-year Magistrikraad from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree with very good grades (grade B, 3.5/4 GPA or 85%) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. 

Holders of a good Kandidaatti / Kandidat (old system), a professional title such as Ekonomi, Diplomi-insinööri, Arkkitehti, Lisensiaatti (in Medicine, Dentistry and Vetinary Medicine), or a Maisteri / Magister (new system), Lisensiaatti / Licenciat, Oikeustieteen Kandidaatti / Juris Kandidat (new system) or Proviisori / Provisor from a recognised Finnish Higher Education institution, with a minimum overall grade of 2/3 or 4/5, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters/Maîtrise with a minimum overall grade of 13 out of 20, or a Magistère / Diplôme d'Etudes Approfondies / Diplôme d'Etudes Supérieures Specialisées / Mastère Specialis, from a recognised French university or Grande École to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Magister Artium, a Diplom or an Erstes Staatsexamen from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 2.5, or a good two-year Lizentiat / Aufbaustudium / Zweites Staatsexamen or a Masters degree from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good four-year Ptychio (Bachelor degree) with a minimum overall grade of 6.5 out of 10, from a recognised Greek university (AEI), and will usually be required to have completed a good Metaptychiako Diploma Eidikefsis (Masters degree) from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

4-year Licenciado is deemed equivalent to a UK bachelors degree. A score of 75 or higher from Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC) can be considered comparable to a UK 2.1, 60 is comparable to a UK 2.2.  Private universities have a higher pass mark, so 80 or higher should be considered comparable to a UK 2.1, 70 is comparable to a UK 2.2

The Hong Kong Bachelor degree is considered comparable to British Bachelor degree standard. Students with bachelor degrees awarded by universities in Hong Kong may be considered for entry to one of our postgraduate degree programmes.

Students with Masters degrees may be considered for PhD study.

Holders of a good Alapfokozat / Alapképzés or Egyetemi Oklevel from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 3.5, or a good Mesterfokozat (Masters degree) or Egyetemi Doktor (university doctorate), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a 60% or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of the 4 year Sarjana (S1) from a recognised Indonesian institution will be considered for postgraduate study. Entry requirements vary with a minimum requirement of a GPA of 2.8.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a score of 14/20 or 70% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution, with 100 out of 110 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students who hold the Maitrise, Diplome d'Etude Approfondies, Diplome d'Etude Superieures or Diplome d'Etude Superieures Specialisees will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees (14-15/20 or Bien from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 12-13/20 or Assez Bien is considered comparable to a UK 2.2).

Students with a Bachelor degree from a recognised university in Japan will be considered for entry to a postgraduate Masters degree provided they achieve a sufficiently high overall score in their first (Bachelor) degree. A GPA of 3.0/4.0 or a B average from a good Japanese university is usually considered equivalent to a UK 2:1.

Students with a Masters degree from a recognised university in Japan will be considered for PhD study. A high overall grade will be necessary to be considered.

Students who have completed their Specialist Diploma Мамаң дипломы/Диплом специалиста) or "Magistr" (Магистр дипломы/Диплом магистра) degree (completed after 1991) from a recognised higher education institution, with a minimum GPA of 2.67/4.00 for courses requiring a UK lower second and 3.00/4.00 for courses requiring a UK upper second class degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate Masters degrees and, occasionally, directly for PhD degrees.  Holders of a Bachelor "Bakalavr" degree (Бакалавр дипломы/Диплом бакалавра) from a recognised higher education institution, with a minimum GPA of  2.67/4.00 for courses requiring a UK lower second and 3.00/4.00 for courses requiring a UK upper second class degree, may also be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/50

Holders of a good Postgraduate Diploma (professional programme) from a recognised university or institution of Higher Education, with a minimum overall grade of 7.5 out of 10, or a post-2000 Magistrs, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a score of 16/20 or 80% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised university in Libya will be considered for postgraduate study. Holders of a Bachelors degree will normally be expected to have achieved score of 70% for 2:1 equivalency or 65% for 2:2 equivalency. Alternatively students will require a minimum of 3.0/4.0 or BB to be considered.

Holders of a good pre-2001 Magistras from a recognised university with a minimum overall grade of 8 out of 10, or a good post-2001 Magistras, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes

Holders of a good Bachelors degree from a recognised Luxembourgish Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 16 out of 20, or a Diplôme d'Études Supérieures Spécialisées (comparable to a UK PGDip) or Masters degree from a recognised Luxembourgish Higher Education institution will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees (70-74% or A or Marginal Distinction from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 60-69% or B or Bare Distinction/Credit is considered comparable to a UK 2.2).

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised Malaysian institution (usually achieved with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average minimum of 3.0) will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a good Bachelors degree from the University of Malta with a minimum grade of 2:1 (Hons), and/or a Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree (Honours) from a recognised institution (including the University of Mauritius) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2:1).

Students who hold the Licenciado/Professional Titulo from a recognised Mexican university with a promedio of at least 8 will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.

Students who have completed a Maestria from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree, licence or Maîtrise and a Masters degree, with a score of 14/20 or 70% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Students with a good four year honours degree from a recognised university will be considered for postgraduate study at the University of Birmingham. PhD applications will be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 60-74% or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Doctoraal from a recognised Dutch university with a minimum overall grade of 7 out of 10, and/or a good Masters degree, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree (minimum 4 years and/or level 400) from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) with a minimum GPA of at least 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised institution with a minimum GPA of B/Very Good or 1.6-2.5 for a 2.1 equivalency, and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters, Mastergrad, Magister. Artium, Sivilingeniør, Candidatus realium or Candidatus philologiae degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with a CGPA of 3.0/4 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised university in the Palestinian Territories will be considered for postgraduate study. Holders of Bachelors degree will normally be expected to have achieved a GPA of 3/4 or 80% for 2:1 equivalency or a GPA of 2.5/4 or 70% for 2:2 equivalency.    

Holders of the Título de Licenciado /Título de (4-6 years) or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Paraguayan university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Grades of 4/5 or higher can be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent.  The Título Intermedio is a 2-3 year degree and is equivalent to a HNC, it is not suitable for postgraduate entry but holders of this award could be considered for second year undergraduate entry or pre-Masters.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Título de Maestría / Magister or equivalent qualification, but holders of the Título/Grado de Licenciado/a with excellent grades can be considered.

Holders of the Licenciado, with at least 13/20 may be considered as UK 2.1 equivalent. The Grado de Bachiller is equivalent to an ordinary degree, so grades of 15+/20 are required.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Título de Maestría or equivalent qualification.

Holders of a good pre-2001 Magister from a recognised Polish university with a minimum overall grade of 4 out of 5, dobry ‘good’, and/or a good Swiadectwo Ukonczenia Studiów Podyplomowych (Certificate of Postgraduate Study) or post-2001 Magister from a recognised Polish university with a minimum overall grade of 4.5/4+ out of 5, dobry plus 'better than good', will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Licenciado from a recognised university, or a Diploma de Estudos Superiores Especializados (DESE) from a recognised Polytechnic Institution, with a minimum overall grade of 16 out of 20, and/or a good Mestrado / Mestre (Masters) from a recognised university, will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree from a recognised Romanian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 8 out of 10, and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree/Diploma de Master/Diploma de Studii Academice Postuniversitare (Postgraduate Diploma - Academic Studies) or Diploma de Studii Postuniversitare de Specializare (Postgraduate Diploma - Specialised Studies) to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Диплом Специалиста (Specialist Diploma) or Диплом Магистра (Magistr) degree from recognised universities in Russia (minimum GPA of 4.0) will be considered for entry to taught postgraduate programmes/PhD study.

Students who hold a 4-year Bachelor degree with at least 16/20 or 70% will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.   

Students who hold a Maitrise, Diplome d'Etude Approfondies,Diplome d'Etude Superieures or Diplome d'Etude Superieures Specialisees will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. A score of 14-15/20 or Bien from a well ranked institution is considered comparable to a UK 2.1, while a score of 12-13/20 or Assez Bien is considered comparable to a UK 2.2

Students who hold a Bachelor (Honours) degree from a recognised institution with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 (or a score of 60-69% or B+) from a well ranked institution will be considered for most our Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees with a 2:1 requirement.

Students holding a good Bachelors Honours degree will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a good three-year Bakalár or pre-2002 Magister from a recognised Slovakian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 1.5, B, Vel’mi dobrý ‘very good’, and/or a good Inžinier or a post-2002 Magister from a recognised Slovakian Higher Education institution will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Diploma o pridobljeni univerzitetni izobrazbi (Bachelors degree), Diplomant (Professionally oriented first degree), Univerzitetni diplomant (Academically oriented first degree) or Visoko Obrazovanja (until 1999) from a recognised Slovenian Higher Education institution with a minimum overall grade of 8.0 out of 10, and/or a good Diploma specializacija (Postgraduate Diploma) or Magister (Masters) will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students who hold a Bachelor Honours degree (also known as Baccalaureus Honores / Baccalaureus Cum Honoribus) from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most Masters programmes will require a second class upper (70%) or a distinction (75%).

Holders of a Masters degree will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a Bachelor degree from a recognised South Korean institution (usually with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average 3.0/4.0 or 3.2/4.5) will be considered for Masters programmes.

Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 7 out of 10 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and will usually be required to have completed a Masters degree, with 60-74% or a CGPA 3.30/4.0 or higher for 2:1 equivalency from a recognised institution to be considered for entry. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Kandidatexamen (Bachelors degree) or Yrkesexamen (Professional Bachelors degree) from a recognised Swedish Higher Education institution with the majority of subjects with a grade of VG (Val godkänd), and/or a good Magisterexamen (Masters degree), International Masters degree or Licentiatexamen (comparable to a UK Mphil), will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good "PostGraduate Certificate" or "PostGraduate Diploma" or a Masters degree from a recognised Swiss higher education institution (with a minimum GPA of 5/6 or 8/10 or 2/5 (gut-bien-bene/good) for a 2.1 equivalence) may be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree, with a GPA of 3.0/4.0, 3.5/5 or 75% from a recognised institution to be considered. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

Holders of a good Bachelor degree (from 75% to 85% depending upon the university in Taiwan) from a recognised institution will be considered for postgraduate Masters study. Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.  Most taught Masters programmes require a minimum of an upper second class degree (2.1) Students who have completed a Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.

Holders of a good Masters degree from a recognised institution will be considered for entry to our postgraduate research programmes.

Holders of a good Masters degree or Mphil from a recognised university will be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes.

Students with a Bachelors degree from the following universities may be considered for entry to postgraduate programmes:

• Ateneo de Manila University - Quezon City
• De La Salle University - Manila
• University of Santo Tomas
• University of the Philippines - Diliman

Students from all other institutions with a Bachelors and a Masters degree or relevant work experience may be considered for postgraduate programmes.

Grading Schemes

1-5 where 1 is the highest 2.1 = 1.75 2.2 = 2.25 

Out of 4.0 where 4 is the highest 2.1 = 3.0 2.2 = 2.5

Letter grades and percentages 2.1 = B / 3.00 / 83% 2.2 = C+ / 2.5 / 77%

Holders of a postdoctoral qualification from a recognised institution will be considered for PhD study.  Students may be considered for PhD study if they have a Masters from one of the above listed universities.

Holders of a Lisans Diplomasi with a minimum grade point average (GPA) of 3.0/4.0 from a recognised university will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.

Holders of a Yuksek Diplomasi from a recognised university will be considered for PhD study.

Students who hold a Bachelor degree from a recognised institution will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. Most Masters programmes will require a second class upper (2.1) or GPA of 3.5/5.0

Applicants for postgraduate research programmes should hold a good Bachelors degree / Диплом бакалавра (Dyplom Bakalavra), Диплом спеціаліста (Specialist Diploma) or a Dyplom Magistra from a recognised Ukrainian higher education institution with a minimum GPA of 4.0/5.0, 3.5/4, 8/12 or 80% or higher for 2:1 equivalence and will usually be required to have completed a good Masters degree to be considered for entry to postgraduate research programmes. Applicants with lower grades than this may be considered on an individual basis.

The University will consider students who hold an Honours degree from a recognised institution in the USA with a GPA of:

• 2.8 GPA (on a 4.0 scale) for entry to programmes with a 2:2 requirement 
• 3.2 GPA (on a 4.0 scale) for entry to programmes with a 2:1 requirement 

Please note that some subjects which are studied at postgraduate level in the USA, eg. Medicine and Law, are traditionally studied at undergraduate level in the UK.

Holders of the Magistr Diplomi (Master's degree) or Diplomi (Specialist Diploma), awarded by prestigious universities, who have attained high grades in their studies will be considered for postgraduate study.  Holders of the Fanlari Nomzodi (Candidate of Science), where appropriate, will be considered for PhD study.

Holders of the Licenciatura/Título or an equivalent professional title from a recognised Venezuelan university may be considered for entry to a postgraduate degree programme. Scales of 1-5, 1-10 and 1-20 are used, an overall score of 70% or equivalent can be considered equivalent to a UK 2.1.  Applicants for PhD level study will preferably hold a Maestria or equivalent qualification

Holders of a Bachelors degree from a recognised Vietnamese institution (usually achieved with the equivalent of a second class upper or a grade point average minimum GPA of 7.0 and above) will be considered for postgraduate study at Diploma or Masters level.  Holders of a Masters degree (thac si) will be considered for entry to PhD programmes.

Students who hold a Masters degree with a minimum GPA of 3.5/5.0 or a mark of 2.0/2.5 (A) will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees.   

Students who hold a good Bachelor Honours degree will be considered for Postgraduate Diplomas and Masters degrees. 

International Students

Learn more about  international entry requirements  

We accept a range of qualifications from different countries; our  country pages  show you what qualifications we accept from your country.

English Language Requirements

You can satisfy our English language requirements in two ways:

• by holding an  English language qualification  to the right level
• by taking and successfully completing one of our  English courses for international students

Please note IELTS requirements for Postgraduate Research programmes in the College of Medical and Dental Sciences are 6.5 overall with no less than 6.0 in any band.

If you need help with your English language skills then support is available.

The English for Academic Purposes Presessional course is for international students who have a conditional offer to study at the University, but who do not currently meet the English language requirements. The course is tailored to your level of English and allows you to meet the English language requirements for your programme without retaking IELTS. The EAP programme runs throughout the year and offers different programme lengths ranging from 42 weeks to 6 weeks. The length of course you need depends on your future course, your existing IELTS score and the English level you need for your university degree.

Find out more about the  English for Academic Purposes Presessional  course.

We offer a diverse range of research areas within School of Dentistry. To help you identify a supervisor related to your research area you may like to explore the research interests of our research staff  to discuss your intended area of study.

We have a global reputation for our world leading research and teaching as follows:

• Times 2024: Ranked joint 10th for Dentistry
• Complete University Guide 2024: Ranked 10th for Dentistry.
• Guardian 2024: Ranked 8th for Dentistry.
• QS World rankings 2024: 22nd for Dentistry
• Shanghai rankings 2023: 16th for Dentistry.

Our employability rates within the College are excellent, with 95% of all surveyed students achieving employment within a year of study.

A high proportion of our postgraduate research students go onto roles such as Research fellow/ postdoctoral researcher, medical writer, scientist/ research scientist in the pharmaceutical industry, and clinical trial coordinator.

Employers include the NHS Trusts, Cancer Research UK, pharma and biotech companies (including AstraZeneca, Covance, Binding Site, Immunocore, Johnson and Johnson), Medical Communications agencies (e.g. Fishawack, Insight Medical Writing), the Armed Forces and the University of Birmingham.

Career support through Career Network

A PhD is the highest level of academic achievement available and vital for the continued professional development of scientists. Completing a PhD at Birmingham will extend your knowledge base in your chosen subject, as well as enhancing your problem solving and analytical; communication and teaching; and leadership and management skills – all of which are valued across the academic and private sectors. It will also enable you to provide you with the opportunity to develop your network of peers, collaborators and colleagues to support your onward career.

Whatever path you choose to take as a postgraduate researcher, the University offers guidance and support in all aspects of planning your next step. Our resources include:

• Alumni biographies and talks to learn more about their career journey and reflect on the journey you may follow after completing your PhD;
• Resources for writing industry or academic specific applications, CVs and cover letters;
• Up to date information about the PhD labour market;
• Career planning guide;
• Job searching resources both for roles within academia and non-academia;
• Training and skills development workshops for postgraduate researchers;
• Access to the Postgraduate Enterprise Summer School
• Virtual Consultancy Challenge
• 1-1 Business start-up advice

Find out more on our  Careers Network for Postgraduate Researchers web pages .

Our Careers Network offers free online resources, face to face consultation and also runs the Global Careers blog, with posts about having a career abroad and international graduates building a career in the UK. International students are also supported via the Global Careers event series, designed for international students, focusing on country or industry specific job applications and interview skills.

Events in the past have included:

• Hays Asia recruitment event - for offices across China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore and Malaysia
• Global opportunities at Amazon
• Global University Career Development Conference (GUCDC)
• LinkedIn group for international students and alumni from the University of Birmingham to connect
• Online chat events

Eastman Dental Institute

Paediatric Dentistry

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Paediatric Dentistry MSc

A part-time, three-year Master's programme that blends online, distance learning with hands-on skills lab training and face-to-face teaching. 

Paediatric Dentistry DDent

A full-time, three-year programme taught with specialist-level clinical practice and including doctorate-level research.

Why Paediatric Dentistry?

Paediatric Dentistry is an extremely rewarding and enjoyable specialty, which allows you to experience and undertake all aspects of dental care in children. Guiding a child’s dental development so that they reach adulthood with a functional, aesthetic and pain free dentition is uniquely satisfying. 

Why Eastman?

Our Paediatric Dentistry programmes train graduates to be able to diagnose, treatment plan and manage paediatric patients with a wide variety of conditions.

We provide an evidence-based approach to the specialty in a supportive environment. All our students undertake a research project a part of the course with many of them having their research accepted for publication.

Teaching is undertaken by senior academic and clinical staff, many of whom have roles in other organisations including the Royal College of Surgeons and the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry. Several of our staff are examiners for the Membership in Paediatric Dentistry Examinations.

Apply for the MSc Paediatric Dentistry

Apply for the DDent Paediatric Dentistry

Our state-of-the-art facilities include two dedicated laboratories for the production of patient devices such as fixed and removable prosthetic devices. There are five clinical skills laboratories containing 90 clinical skills stations equipped with dental manikins allowing trainees to practically and safely refine skills and work in conditions that mimic real-life practice. Two of our suites are also equipped with dental microscopes to aid identification of anatomical imperfections and the quick detection of enamel and dentine fractures.

Programme Administrator [email protected]

Dr Susan Parekh Programme Director (Paediatric Dentistry MSc) [email protected]

Professor Paul Ashley Programme Director (Paediatric Dentistry DDent) [email protected]

The unit welcomes visits from prospective students to meet the Programme Directors provided you meet all of the mandatory requirements for entry to the programme. Appointments to visit should be made at least two months in advance as staff have clinical, teaching and research commitments. For an appointment contact the Programme Administrator . 

• Free taster days
• CPD short courses
• Admissions policy
• Why study with us?

Student testimonial

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Study  ›   Postgraduate Taught courses

Paediatric dentistry ddsc.

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Course details

• Entry requirements: Degree in dental surgery
• Full-time: 36 months
• Apply by: 31 January 2024
• International deadline: 31 January 2024
• Starts: 23 September 2024

Get a master's guide

Related courses, apply for this course.

The deadline for UK students to apply for this course for entry in 2024 was 31 January 2024 .

The deadline for international students was 31 January 2024 .

UK students

Apply for this course by: 31 January 2024

There is no fee to apply for our courses.

What you'll need

As part of the application process, you'll need to submit:

• School or college transcripts/certificates
• University transcripts and certified translations if applicable
• Degree certificates
• Personal statement outlining your learning ambitions

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Doctor of Dental Science

A Doctor of Dental Science (DDSc) is a professional doctorate awarded in dental science.

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Course overview

This programme fulfils the need for dental practitioners to have access to a higher dental degree which provides specialist clinical training in Paediatric Dentistry.

Introduction

The Professional Doctorate is a research qualification that contains Professional Skills Training. Students who successfully complete the DDSc programme in Paediatric Dentistry will be awarded the DDSc (Paediatric Dentistry) from the University of Liverpool and will be eligible to sit the Tri-collegiate Diploma of Membership in Paediatric Dentistry (MPaedDent) specialty membership examination from the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) of Edinburgh, Royal College of Surgeons of England and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow.

Both the UK Specialist Curriculum in Paediatric Dentistry and the Tri-collegiate Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh blueprints in Paediatric Dentistry are embedded into the programme.

Funded specialist trainee appointments are competitively available to appropriately qualified candidates on this programme with application through the national recruitment process.

Who is this course for?

This course is for graduates who already have a degree in Dental Surgery who are looking to specialise in Paediatric Dentistry.

What you'll learn

• Research methods
• Clinical research investigations
• Assessment, diagnosis and treatment planning in paediatric dentistry
• Knowledge and skills to manage children with appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological behaviour management techniques
• Understanding of paediatric dentistry practice through holistic management of children with complex medical and dental needs.

Course content

Discover what you'll learn, what you'll study, and how you'll be taught and assessed.

The DDSc is a 3-year full time Doctorate programme comprising 540 credits. The programme has 180 credits in year one mostly at master’s level and 360 credits in years two and three at doctorate level.

All modules are mandatory (i.e. must be passed, and make up the taught, clinical and research components of the programme).

The programme consists of 5 core modules and 4 speciality specific modules.

Compulsory modules

Credits: 15 / semester: whole session.

This module will provide students with insight to the overarching strategy and process involved in the application of research to their professional field. The module will be delivered wholly online and supported by interactive eLectures/audio-visual presentations, quizzes and case based interactive discussion boards. For the final assessment, students will be required to p roduce a plan for a research project. The assessment will be school specific and examples will include: experimental design; research design; grant application; ethics application etc. Each assigment must include a full plan of the research including a discussion of any ethics, propsed data collection and analysis and include a justification of the proposed methodologies including any statistics. ​Successful students will be able to understand and appropriately implement all elements of ‘the research journey’ from conception of an idea, through development/approval, execution, analysis, application and dissemination of such work.

Credits: 15 / Semester: continuing professional development,whole session

To understand Health Service structures and clinical governance and effectively communicate with the dental team.

Credits: 60 / Semester: research session

To produce a postgraduate capable of the general ability to design and implement a project for the generation of new knowledge, applications or understanding at the forefront of professional practice, and to adjust the project design in the light of unforeseen problems

Credits: 30 / Semester: whole session

​CDEN261 is a 30 credit Paediatric Dentistry pathway module which is part of the DDSc programme. This module provides students with the underpinning knowledge and skills required to practice Paediatric Dentistry at level 7. It is one of two foundation modules required in the Paediatric Dentistry pathway.​

The module will allow the students to gain cognitive, psychomotor and interpersonal skills in the diagnosis, treatment planning and provision of core clinical practice in Paediatric Dentistry. The module is mapped to the GDC learning outcomes for specialist training in Paediatric Dentistry.   

CDEN261 will be taught within the School of Dentistry and supervised clinical teaching will be delivered in the Paediatric Dentistry department of the Liverpool University Dental Hospital. This will involve assessing children with age ranges between 0 to 16 on new patient clinics, leading to formulating a diagnosis, recognising the effect of child physical, behavioural and cognitive development on their ability to accept dental treatment and devising treatment plans including those that may be delivered under sedation and general anaesthesia.

Students are expected to complete independent reading in preparation for regular seminars/tutorials held throughout the module. The students will participate in discussions around the current evidence-base in the literature. It would be expected that supplementary resources found by students would be critically appraised and discussed as appropriate to the module content and best practice in Paediatric Dentistry.

A range of assessment strategies will be used to assess the learning outcomes. The assessment strategies are based on the Paediatric Dentistry GDC curriculum including continuous work based assessment and personal development portfolio and two end of module summative examinations consisting of a written examination and a structured clinical examination.

Credits: 60 / Semester: whole session

This is a 60 credit module that will be available for the DDSc in Dental Science programme Paediatric Dentistry pathway.

The module will provide students with the additional skills, knowledge and training required to manage children with different behavioural and dental needs using both non-pharmacological and pharmacological behaviour management techniques. 

This module will enable the student to acquire cognitive, psychomotor and interpersonal skills to assess, treatment plan and provide core clinical practice using behaviour, cognitive management strategies and conscious sedation to meet the needs of paediatric patients in addition to providing treatment under general anaesthesia.   

The module will be taught within the School of Dentistry with supervised clinical teaching delivered in the Paediatric Dentistry department of the Liverpool University Dental Hospital. This module will involve providing a range of clinical procedures for a wide range of paediatric patients. 

There will be structured teaching, seminars, practical classes, chairside teaching, case based learning and project work in the form of audits, case reports and essays. The students will be undertaking self-directed learning to enhance the module programme and will attend verified external courses provided by specialist society conferences in a variety of Paediatric Dentistry topics. 

The syllabus meets the core requirements for the specialty training programme and the Standards for Conscious Sedation in the Provision of Dental Care by the Report of the Intercollegiate Advisory Committee for Sedation in Dentistry. The dental faculties of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons and the Royal College of Anaesthetists. (IASCD 2015).​

A variety of assessments will be used in the module. These will be mapped to the relevant curricula including continuous work based assessments, use of a personal development portfolio and a logbook. There will be a summative examination at the end of each module consisting of a written examination and a structured clinical examination. Students will record their learning, clinical placements, assessments and reflections using a secure on-line National Portfolio (Intercollegiate Surgical Competence Progression (ISCP)). For students with a National Training Number (NTN), the ISCP portfolio will support assessment through the Annual Review of Competence Programme (ARCP).   https://www.iscp.ac.uk/static/dental/PaedAppendix.pdf​​

The programme has 360 credits in years two and three at doctorate level.

In Year three you will undertake your Doctoral thesis.

Module CDEN361 provides students with teaching, learning support and strategies to enable the student to demonstrate systematic acquisition of the knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviours required to provide specialist Paediatric Dentistry to children with complex medical and dental needs.

It is a core module in the Paediatric Dentistry Pathway which underpins the academic and clinical training requirements for the Specialist Training Curriculum in Paediatric Dentistry/General Dental Council UK.

The students will have supervised clinical contact time with consultants and specialists in Paediatric Dentistry within Hospital Dental Services.​ 

CDEN361 will be taught within the School of Dentistry and Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, supervised clinical teaching will be delivered in the Paediatric Dentistry Departments of both.

The students will be gaining relevant skills in information gathering, informed consent, managing children with complex dental and medical needs (including those suffering from dental trauma and dental anomalies) and children with complex medical co-morbidities. 

CDEN361 includes structured teaching, seminars, practical classes, chairside teaching, case based learning and project work. Students will be encouraged towards self-directed learning to enhance the module programme and will attend external courses provided by specialist society conferences in a variety of Paediatric Dentistry topics.

A variety of assessments will be used in module CDEN361 and mapped to the Paediatric Dentistry Specialist curriculum and include continuous work based assessments, use of a Personal Development Portfolio and logbook. A summative examination will be held at the end of the module consisting of a written examination and a structured clinical examination.

Students will record their learning, clinical placements, assessments and reflections using a secure on-line National Portfolio (Intercollegiate Surgical Competence Progression, ISCP). For students with a National Training Number (NTN), the ISCP portfolio will support assessment through the Annual Review of Competence Programme (ARCP). https://www.iscp.ac.uk/static/dental/PaedAppendix.pdf​ ​

This is a 60 credit module provide students with teaching, learning support and strategies to enable systematic acquisition of the knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviours required at the level of a specialist in Paediatric Dentistry in the provision of multidisciplinary oral healthcare for children with complex needs.

The students will have supervised clinical contact time with consultants and specialists within Hospital Dental Services.

Placements will be arranged with other medical and dental consultant and specialist teams and multidisciplinary team meeting and clinics to facilitate deeper inter-professional learning.

CDEN362 will be taught within the School of Dentistry and Alder Hey Children’s Hospital and supervised clinical teaching will be delivered in the Paediatric Dentistry Departments of both.  There will be attendance to joint clinics with other specialities in addition to attending orthodontics, oral surgery and oral medicine clinics.

This module will involve assessing children on new patient clinics, planning treatment and providing a range of clinical procedures for a wide range of children with complex dental and /or medical needs.

The students will gather information on a multidisciplinary basis considering health and social care, gaining consent, performing risk assessments and undertaking supervised clinical practice.  

The Module includes structured teaching, seminars, practical classes, chairside teaching, case based learning and project work. Students will be encouraged towards self-directed learning to enhance the module programme and will attend external courses provided by specialist society conferences in a variety of Paediatric Dentistry topics.

A variety of assessments will be used which are mapped to the Paediatric Dentistry Specialist curriculum and include continuous work based assessments, use of a Personal Development Portfolio and logbook. A summative examination will be held at the end of the module consisting of a written examination and a structured clinical examination.

Students will record their learning, clinical placements, assessments and reflections using a secure on-line National Portfolio(Intercollegiate Surgical Competence Progression, ISCP). For students with a National Training Number (NTN), the ISCP portfolio will support assessment through the Annual Review of Competence Programme (ARCP). https://www.iscp.ac.uk/static/dental/PaedAppendix.pdf​

How you'll learn

The Professional Doctorate is a qualification that contains professional skills training through research skills development directly alongside clinical skills training to the level of UK specialist.

Teaching is based on the latest research developments and seminars are delivered by experts in that field.  You will attend timetabled teaching seminars, lectures and workshops in small friendly groups.  Advanced practical skills teaching is delivered through hands on simulated sessions progressing onto direct patient care.

The use of technology enhanced learning enables you to access further resources at a time to suit you through the use of a virtual learning environment.

It is expected students will spend approximately 15 hours per week outside of the clinical component on independent study and research.

How you're assessed

There is continuous assessment throughout the course from work based assessments on the clinic to end of year assessments involving written papers and clinical case oral examinations. The research component requires completion of a dissertation and viva voce.

Liverpool Hallmarks

We have a distinctive approach to education, the Liverpool Curriculum Framework, which focuses on research-connected teaching, active learning, and authentic assessment to ensure our students graduate as digitally fluent and confident global citizens.

Learn more about our Liverpool hallmarks.

Our curriculum

The Liverpool Curriculum framework sets out our distinctive approach to education. Our teaching staff support our students to develop academic knowledge, skills, and understanding alongside our graduate attributes :

• Digital fluency
• Global citizenship

Our curriculum is characterised by the three Liverpool Hallmarks :

• Research-connected teaching
• Active learning
• Authentic assessment

All this is underpinned by our core value of inclusivity and commitment to providing a curriculum that is accessible to all students.

Your experience

The School of Dentistry recently saw a £6m investment programme, which has dramatically upgraded our teaching and research facilities and created additional postgraduate places.

The Paediatric Dentistry department in Liverpool is a well-known referral centre in the region for specialist paediatric dentistry. We have a dedicated area to deliver inhalation and intravenous sedation in addition to an in-house general anaesthetic suite.

As a well-recognised national dental trauma centre, we have fully equipped endodontic units with a dental microscope and advanced endodontic equipment, to facilitate endodontic treatment in children. We have strong links with the dental department and Alder Hey Children’s Hospital in medical and surgical specialties. We also have close working relationships with other dental specialties within the Royal Liverpool Dental Hospital .

Explore where you'll study

The Professional Doctorate is a research qualification that contains professional skills training. Students who successfully complete the DDSc programme in Paediatric Dentistry will be awarded a DDSc (Paediatric Dentistry).

Virtual tour

Supporting your learning.

From arrival to alumni, we’re with you all the way:

• Careers and employability support , including help with career planning, understanding the job market and strengthening your networking skills
• A dedicated student services team can help you get assistance with your studies, help with health and wellbeing, and access to financial advice
• Confidential counselling and support to help students with personal problems affecting their studies and general wellbeing
• Support for students with differing needs from the Disability advice and guidance team . They can identify and recommend appropriate support provisions for you.

An exciting place to study

• One of the largest dental schools in the UK
• State-of-the-art facilities with £6million recent investment
• Provides specialist clinical training with taught and research components
• Internationally recognised qualifications with a wide range of programmes
• Committed to technologically innovative teaching
• Active research environment.

Chat with our students

Want to find out more about student life? Chat with our student ambassadors and ask any questions you have.

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Careers and employability

Career support from day one to graduation and beyond, career planning.

Our Careers Studio and career coaches can provide tailored support for your future plans.

From education to employment

Employability in your curriculum for a successful transition

Networking events

Make meaningful connections with like-minded professionals

Our campus Career Studio is a space for students and graduates to drop into and talk to a career coach. Career coaches are highly trained to help no matter what stage you are at in your career planning. You can access support to find and apply for full-time and part-time roles, placements, internships and graduate schemes. You will also find the help you need if you have a start-up idea or want to create a business plan. You can explore the world of work, prepare for job interviews, and access careers events and workshops. The Career Studio is open Monday to Friday from 10am-5pm, simply drop in at a time that works for you.

We develop our programmes with employers in mind. You will be supported to enhance your long-term employment prospects as you learn. We do this by exposing you to professionals, a variety of sectors and supporting you to work collaboratively with others to develop transferable skills. You are equipped with a clearer view of what to focus on in your area of interest, and to reflect on your studies. Our digital employability tools give you a tech-enhanced curriculum experience and make it easy for you to prepare for the world of work. You can use tools like the Handshake platform to connect with employers and message the Career Studio 24/7.

You can start building good professional networks by attending events and employability activities. Our events are designed to develop your skills and expose you to many different employers, as well as to help you make contacts in your field. We help you improve your confidence when speaking to employers and give you access to unique opportunities. Our networking events also boost your understanding of the competencies and skills that employers are looking for in their recruitment process, giving you a competitive edge.

Your future

Potential career pathways include, but are not limited to, the roles of:

• Specialist in paediatric dental practice
• Specialist in community dental service
• Hospital Specialist
• Hospital Consultant
• Clinical academic such as Clinical Lecturer, Senior Clinical Lecturer and Professor.

Graduates from this course have gone on to work in specialist private practices, as clinical academics or a combination of both.

Fees and funding

Your tuition fees, funding your studies, and other costs to consider.

Tuition fees

Tuition fees cover the cost of your teaching and assessment, operating facilities such as libraries, IT equipment, and access to academic and personal support.

• You can pay your tuition fees in instalments .
• All or part of your tuition fees can be funded by external sponsorship .
• International applicants who accept an offer of a place will need to pay a tuition fee deposit .

If you're a UK national, or have settled status in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for a Postgraduate Loan worth up to £12,167 to help with course fees and living costs. Learn more about paying for your studies. .

Additional costs

We understand that budgeting for your time at university is important, and we want to make sure you understand any course-related costs that are not covered by your tuition fee. This could include buying a laptop, books, or stationery.

Find out more about the additional study costs that may apply to this course.

Additional study costs

Find out more about additional study costs.

Scholarships and bursaries

We offer a range of scholarships and bursaries that could help pay your tuition and living expenses.

Select your country or region for more scholarships and bursaries.

Postgraduate Global Advancement Scholarship

If you’re an international student starting this course with us from September 2024, you could be eligible to receive a discount of up to £5,000 off your master’s tuition fees, if you haven’t studied with us before.

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ANID Chile Scholarship

If you’re a Chilean student joining a master’s degree, you could be eligible to apply for a 20% discount on your tuition fees with an ANID Chile Scholarship.

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CONACYT Award

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FIDERH Award

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Fulbright Scholarship

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FUNED Awards

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Graduate Association Hong Kong & Tung Postgraduate Scholarships

If you’re a master’s student from Hong Kong or the People’s Republic of China who can demonstrate academic excellence, you may be eligible to apply for a scholarship worth up to £10,000 in partnership with the Tung Foundation.

HRH Princess Sirindhorn University of Liverpool Scholarship (Thailand)

If you’re a student from Thailand joining a one-year master’s degree, you might be eligible to apply to have your tuition fees paid in full and receive help with living costs. One award is available and only students who are new to the University will be considered.

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Postgraduate Opportunity Bursary

• Home students

If you’re a UK University of Liverpool graduate joining a master’s degree with us, you could be eligible to receive £3,000 off your tuition fees. You must have graduated in the last two years and received a widening access scholarship during your undergraduate studies.

Turkish Ministry of Education Scholarship

If you’re a Turkish student joining a master’s degree, you could be eligible to apply for a 20% discount on your tuition fees with a Turkish Ministry of Education Scholarship.

Humanitarian Scholarships for Master’s Programmes

Do you have recognised status as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection outside the UK? Or are you a Ukrainian who’s sought temporary protection in the EU? You could be eligible to apply for the full payment of your master’s fees and additional financial support.

University of Liverpool International College Excellence Scholarship

Completed a Pre-Master’s at University of Liverpool International College (UoLIC)? We’re offering a £5,000 fee discount off the first year of master’s study to some of the highest achieving students joining one of our non-clinical master’s courses from UoLIC.

University of Liverpool International College Impact Progression Scholarships

If you’re a University of Liverpool International College student awarded a Kaplan Impact Scholarship, we’ll also consider you for an Impact Progression Scholarship. If selected, you’ll receive a fee discount worth £3,000 off the first year of your master’s course.

Vice-Chancellor’s International Attainment Scholarship for Mainland China

Are you a high-achieving graduate from the People’s Republic of China with a degree from a Chinese university? You could be eligible to apply for a £5,000 fee discount if you’re joining an eligible master’s course. Up to 15 eligible students will receive this scholarship.

Entry requirements

The qualifications and exam results you'll need to apply for this course.

Please be advised that TOEFL is no longer classified by UK Visas and Immigration as a Secure English Language Test (SELT). However, at the current time the university is continuing to accept TOEFL, at the required level, for entry on to Undergraduate and Postgraduate academic programmes.

Select your country or region to view specific entry requirements.

If you hold a bachelor’s degree or equivalent, but don’t meet our entry requirements, a Pre-Master’s can help you gain a place. This specialist preparation course for postgraduate study is offered on campus at the University of Liverpool International College , in partnership with Kaplan International Pathways. Although there’s no direct Pre-Master’s route to this DDSc, completing a Pre-Master’s pathway can guarantee you a place on many other postgraduate courses at The University of Liverpool.

English language requirements

You'll need to demonstrate competence in the use of English language, unless you’re from a majority English speaking country .

We accept a variety of international language tests and country-specific qualifications .

You'll need to demonstrate competence in the use of English language, unless you’re from a majority English speaking country.

We accept a variety of international language tests and country-specific qualifications.

International applicants who do not meet the minimum required standard of English language can complete one of our Pre-Sessional English courses to achieve the required level.

You'll need to demonstrate competence in the use of English language, unless you’re from a majority English speaking country

PRE-SESSIONAL ENGLISH

Do you need to complete a Pre-Sessional English course to meet the English language requirements for this course?

The length of Pre-Sessional English course you’ll need to take depends on your current level of English language ability.

Find out the length of Pre-Sessional English course you may require for this degree.

Pre-sessional English

If you don’t meet our English language requirements, we can use your most recent IELTS score, or the equivalent score in selected other English language tests , to determine the length of Pre-Sessional English course you require.

Use the table below to check the course length you're likely to require for your current English language ability and see whether the course is available on campus or online.

If you’ve completed an alternative English language test to IELTS, we may be able to use this to assess your English language ability and determine the Pre-Sessional English course length you require.

Please see our guide to Pre-Sessional English entry requirements for IELTS 7.0, with no component below 6.5, for further details.

About our entry requirements

Our entry requirements may change from time to time both according to national application trends and the availability of places at Liverpool for particular courses. We review our requirements before the start of the new application cycle each year and publish any changes on our website so that applicants are aware of our typical entry requirements before they submit their application.

We believe in treating applicants as individuals, and in making offers that are appropriate to their personal circumstances and background. Therefore the offer any individual applicant receives may differ slightly from the typical offer quoted on the website.

More about life in Liverpool

Discover more about the city and University.

Why Liverpool?

Liverpool bursts with diversity and creativity which makes it ideal for you to undertake your postgraduate studies and access various opportunities for you and your family.

Accommodation

To fully immerse yourself in the university experience living in halls will keep you close to campus where you can always meet new people. Find your home away from home.

Fees and Finance

Discover what expenses are covered by the cost of your tuition fees and other finance-related information you may need regarding your studies at Liverpool.

Have a question about this course? Call or email our admissions team.

• Chat with us
• Phone +44 (0)151 706 5301
• Email our admissions team

Miss Janine Bailey

• Programme contact

Last updated 21 March 2024 / See what's changed / Programme terms and conditions

Changes to Paediatric Dentistry DDSc

See what updates we've made to this course since it was published. We document changes to information such as course content, entry requirements and how you'll be taught.

New course pages launched.

Paediatric Dentistry MSc

Year of entry 2023, masters study and funding online event.

Join us online on Wednesday 5 June to receive expert advice on how to make your Masters a reality with funding. Book your place

Course overview

Applications for this course are open from 1 September 2022.

The Master of Science in Paediatric Dentistry is for dental graduates wanting to pursue a career in paediatric dentistry in a primary or secondary care setting or in academia.

Paediatric dentistry encompasses many aspects of general dentistry and specialist skills in the care of infants, children and adolescents. The broad nature of the work requires a combination of medical, dental and communications skills.

As part of the clinical training, you will be treating patients in personal treatment, consultant, trauma and sedation clinics. You will plan care for children with multiple oral health needs within the context of their social and medical background. You will deliver treatment under local anaesthetic, sedation and general anaesthesia. You will liaise with a wide range of other dental and medical specialties in determining and delivering best treatment options. At the School of Dentistry, we have an international reputation for our specialist areas of postgraduate study. As a result, our Paediatric Dentistry postgraduate courses attract high-quality home and overseas applicants, including large numbers of non-publicly funded overseas students.

Please note: Overseas students who wish to be eligible to sit the MPaedDent Royal College examination, are advised to apply for the three year Professional Doctorate programme which combines all the taught elements of the MSc with an in depth research project and clinical experience in the third year.

Find out further information on the Professional Doctorate .

You can apply for the Professional Doctorate in Paediatric Dentistry here .

The part-time course is open only to UK applicants. International students should apply to the full-time course.

The School has some of the most up to date clinical and teaching facilities in the country and an excellent health sciences library. The dental hospital provides outstanding facilities for education and patient care.

Course details

You’ll study modules totalling 240 credits. Modules cover paediatric-specific, general and research topics, reflecting the range of skills and knowledge the specialty demands.

If you study this course part-time, you will study fewer modules in each year.

Course structure

The list shown below represents typical modules/components studied and may change from time to time. Read more in our terms and conditions.

Year 1 compulsory modules

Year 2 compulsory modules, learning and teaching.

The course is delivered as a series of modules containing a mix of clinics, lectures, seminars, workshops and practicals; complemented by e-learning and case based discussion.

Learning on the course enables you to:

Demonstrate in-depth and specialist knowledge of concepts and information, and master techniques relevant to clinical paediatric dentistry

Exhibit a mastery in the exercise of generic dental and paediatrics-specific intellectual abilities

Apply a comprehensive understanding of techniques to your research or advanced scholarship

Proactively formulate, develop, implement and evaluate ideas and hypotheses

Evaluate current issues, research and advanced scholarship in dentistry with an emphasis on paediatric dentistry.

On this course you’ll be taught by our expert academics, from lecturers through to professors. You may also be taught by industry professionals with years of experience, as well as trained postgraduate researchers, connecting you to some of the brightest minds on campus.

Entry requirements

Recognised bachelor dentistry degree (BChD or BDS equivalent)

Postgraduate experience equivalent to at least two years full-time clinical practice for all new graduates, and at least 1 year immediately prior to the commencement of the course for graduates of 3 years or more. Ideally, experience also working with children in a dentistry context.

2 x written academic or employer references.

Health and disclosure and barring screening

All successful applicants will also need to pass health and disclosure and barring screening.

The University has a policy statement on students with criminal records. For the vast majority of students who are residents in the UK the record will be checked via the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).

For international students

The DBS check can only include background checks on your time in the UK. If you have been resident in the UK for less than 3 years, then a criminal record check from your home country is required in addition to the UK DBS check. This may be referred to as a "Certificate of Good Conduct" (CoGC), but the name varies.

To ensure a safe and professional environment for patients, you’ll also need to meet other requirements, including screening for communicable disease - read the section below.

Occupational health

Any offer of a place to study Paediatric Dentistry is conditional upon a satisfactory confidential occupational health assessment, which will include a health questionnaire, and if necessary further telephone consultation and/or an appointment with an occupational health clinician. Screening for serious communicable disease, (Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and a review of immunisation status and needs, which includes COVID-19, will also be arranged before beginning your studies.

Graduates seeking a Certificate of Completion of Specialist Training (CCST), to be eligible to register on the General Dental Council's (GDC) Specialist Lists, must be accepted onto the course as a Specialist Registrar (StR) aith an NTN (Nationa Training Number), this only applied to home students who are registered with GDC. Providing all necessary requirements are met, they are then eligible to undertake the Royal College Memberships examination (Mpaeds Dent). The overseas students who wish to be eligible to sit the MPaed Dent examination, are advised to apply for the three year Professional doctorate programme. You can apply here .

English language requirements

IELTS 7.0 overall, with no less than 6.5 in each component. For other English qualifications, read English language equivalent qualifications .

Improve your English

International students who do not meet the English language requirements for this programme may be able to study our postgraduate pre-sessional English course, to help improve your English language level.

This pre-sessional course is designed with a progression route to your degree programme and you’ll learn academic English in the context of your subject area. To find out more, read Language for Science (6 weeks)  and Language for Science: General Science (10 weeks) . 

We also offer online pre-sessionals alongside our on-campus pre-sessionals.  Find out more about our six week online pre-sessional .

You can also study pre-sessionals for longer periods – read about our postgraduate pre-sessional English courses .

How to apply

The ‘Apply’ link at the top of this page takes you to information on applying for taught programmes and to the University's online application system.

If you're unsure about the application process, contact the admissions team for help.

Application deadline: To be confirmed.

Interviews for this course are panel interviews, conducted by video call and we aim to follow this schedule where possible.

Interview dates are as follows:

Tuesday 27 September AM

Tuesday 1 November AM

Tuesday 6 December PM

Tuesday 31 January PM

Read about visas, immigration and other information in International students . We recommend that international students apply as early as possible to ensure that they have time to apply for their visa.

Admissions policy

Taught Admissions Policy 2024-25

This course is taught by

School of Dentistry

School of Dentistry Taught Postgraduate Programme Admissions team

Email: [email protected] Telephone:

UK: £43,000 (total)

International: £106,000 (total)

Students may incur a direct cost for the following items:

Padlock for locker (deposit) £25 payable at registration (deposit will be returned to you on completion of your degree)

Student Uniforms If you lose or damage an item of uniform you will be charged for a replacement £10 per item.

Student name badges If you lose your name badge you will be charged £5 for a replacement.

Occupational Health Checks Non-attendance at an occupational health appointment - £50 per missed appointment.

Loss or damage to clinical skills models Costs will vary, students will be informed of replacement costs for any items damaged through negligence or lost.

Clinical skills locker key You will not be charged for a key but if you fail to return the key to the clinical skills department you will be charged £10.

Disclosure and Barring Service You will be charged if you lose your DBS certificate and you require a replacement.

Read more about paying fees and charges .

For fees information for international taught postgraduate students, read Masters fees .

Part-time fees Fees for part-time courses are normally calculated based on the number of credits you study in a year compared to the equivalent full-time course. For example, if you study half the course credits in a year, you will pay half the full-time course fees for that year.

Additional cost information

There may be additional costs related to your course or programme of study, or related to being a student at the University of Leeds. Read more on our living costs and budgeting page .

Scholarships and financial support

If you have the talent and drive, we want you to be able to study with us, whatever your financial circumstances. There may be help for students in the form of loans and non-repayable grants from the University and from the government.  Find out more at Masters funding overview .

Career opportunities

Our graduates go on to pursue a career in paediatric dentistry in a primary or secondary care setting or in academia.

Some graduates choose the path of academic research and subsequently undertake a PhD.

Related courses

Dental materials msc, dental public health msc.

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Paediatric dentistry

Version 2, 16 May 2023

Introduction

This document details the clinical standards for paediatric dental treatment in primary, community and specialist care settings. However, it is important to remember that some patients require treatment in a shared care approach, across more than one setting.

The majority of children access care and treatment from general dental practitioners (GDPs), but those with severe disease and or complicating health or social factors may need dentists with specialist skills and/or specialist facilities. This clinical standard explains what specialist paediatric care is, when it is needed, how it can be accessed and how it should be delivered to ensure a consistent quality and outcomes. It complements the commissioning of programmes at a population or community level to monitor and improve the oral health of children.

This document defines the NHS England minimum clinical standards and dental care pathway for children and young people (CYP) that all providers of paediatric dental services must adhere to. Careful individual patient assessment for each treatment episode is crucial.

• Chapter 2 of the document focuses on what paediatric dentistry is, and the current provision. 
• Chapter 3 considers the future commissioning of paediatric dentistry
• Chapter 4 outlines referral for treatment 
• Chapter 5 reviews quality and outcome measures

1 What is paediatric dentistry?

1.1 description and scope of the specialty.

Paediatric dentistry is the provision of oral healthcare to CYP from birth until their 16 th birthday.  Care may be provided across primary, secondary and tertiary care settings.

Specialists in paediatric dentistry provide oral healthcare for CYP:

• with extensive oral disease,
• whose oral health care is complicated by intellectual, medical, physical, social, psychological and/or emotional factors/disability,
• with developmental disorders of the teeth and mouth,
• who are either too anxious or too young to accept routine dental treatment,

with diagnosed special educational needs,

• who have sustained complex traumatic dental injuries.

The age range covered by the specialty is normally regarded as 0-16 years; however, young people should start the transition process to adult oral health services some time before their 16th year. For patients whose care may require specialist support from 16 years of age the specialist in paediatric dentistry will liaise with local specialists such as special care dentists, maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists and restorative dentists to facilitate a smooth and appropriate transition. This may involve a period of joint care.

1.2 Provision of care

1.3 description of the national picture.

The most common non communicable disease affecting children in England is dental decay which is largely preventable. Poor oral health has a significant impact on the quality of life, causing pain and embarrassment and limitation of function. Children’s pain and sleep disturbance also affects parents and carers, often disturbing home, educational and work routines.  The social consequences of poor oral health have a significant effect on the child and their families.

Most dentistry delivered to children is provided in primary care by dentists, therapists, hygienists, and dental nurses as part of general dental service arrangements (GDS). To support general dental services, NHS England issued an avoidance of doubt notification (1) to provide clarity for dentists about examining and treating very young children.

1.4 Specialist care

Some children may also need access to specialist facilities as well as seek care from professionals with additional competencies. Specialists in paediatric dentistry should work in multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) with other appropriate dental specialties, including orthodontics, restorative dentistry, maxillofacial and oral surgery and oral medicine.  Specific multidisciplinary clinics need to be established to ensure holistic provision.

1.5 Anxiety management

Anxiety management techniques can allow comprehensive care to be provided for children who suffer anxiety or need potentially distressing dental procedures such as minor oral surgery. Availability of dental treatment under sedation (especially inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen) is an essential component of paediatric clinical care pathways. Commissioners and providers are directed to view the ‘ Clinical guide for dental anxiety management’ (2) alongside this guide when considering anxiety management provision in all settings.

All patients should be managed with the simplest and safest anxiety management technique which is considered likely to be successful.

For some anxious / phobic patients, including ‘pre-co-operative’ children, dental treatment may not be possible using behavioural and / or conscious sedation techniques alone. General anaesthesia may be indicated if dental treatment is required, because of anxiety and / or the complexity of the dental procedure.

Referrals for paediatric patients for dental treatment using sedation or general anaesthesia must indicate that the reason for referral and the referral process has been explained to the patient or their carers. There are a large number of tools available for the measurement of anxiety in children e.g., the Dental Fear Survey (DFS), CEDAM, the Venham Picture Test (VPT), Modified Child Dental Scale (MCDAS) and its faces version (MCDASf). Reliability and validity estimates for the most widely used are good, however, many questionnaires have a limited focus on the aspects of anxiety they assess (3, 4). Equally none can discount the influence of parental / carer impact, especially in the younger age groups who may/ will rely on parents/carers to complete the assessment form. The measurement/description of anxiety will need discussion at the Managed Clinical Network (MCN) so that all local referrals use a regionally agreed and shared approach. 

Careful consideration of all less restrictive anxiety management techniques, including behavioural therapies and inhalation sedation must be undertaken before referring a patient for specialist led sedation (in secondary or tertiary settings) or general anaesthesia.

[1] Porritt J, Buchanan H, Hall M, Gilchrist F, Marshman Z. Assessing children’s dental anxiety: a systematic review of current measures. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 41; 130–142

[2] Porritt J, Morgan A, Rodd H, Gilchrist F, Baker S, Newton T, Marshman Z. A Short Form of the Children’s Experiences of Dental Anxiety Measure (CEDAM): Validation and Evaluation of the CEDAM-8. Dent J (Basel) 2021 Jun; 9(6):71

1.5.1 Dental care under general anaesthesia

Dental treatment under general anaesthesia (GA) is an essential adjunct to providing care where the surgical intervention is complex or to those children who are cognitively immature, highly anxious or who have a medical condition where GA is the most appropriate or only way to deliver dental treatment.

Children undergoing GA should receive the same standard of assessment and preparation as children admitted for any other procedure under GA, as set out in the Guidelines for the Provision of Paediatric Anaesthesia Services 2020 (5). Comprehensive dental care, such as cases where restorative care is being provided, should be led by specialists and/or consultants.

1.6 Safeguarding

All healthcare professionals contribute towards safeguarding children by working with social care and other agencies as set out in the overarching guide Working Together to Safeguard Children (6).

Clinical input to safeguarding children by dental teams falls into three domains:

• Making child protection referrals to children’s social care where a child is thought to be experiencing or at risk of significant harm because of maltreatment
• Communication with other professionals (including writing reports) regarding children already identified as at risk or maltreated (identifying persistent failure to bring children for dental care should be considered a safeguarding issue)
• Communication with other professionals (including writing reports) regarding children already identified as at risk or maltreated:

(a) Children who are undergoing medical examination for suspected neglect.

(b) Children subject to a child protection plan.

(c) Some looked after children (annual dental visits for looked after children are a requirement and are already subject to monitoring).

1.7 Looked After Children

The provision of oral healthcare to children in care is described in the statutory guidance document, Promoting the health and well- being of looked- after children (7) . Specifically, looked after children must ensure the following occurs:

The Initial Health Assessment (IHA) should identify the existing arrangements for the child’s dental care appropriate to their needs, which must include information regarding:

• Routine checks… including dental health treatment and monitoring for identified health…or dental care needs;
• Relevant information drawn together beforehand and fast-tracked by all involved to the health professional undertaking the assessment…
• The child’s personal and family history if known (8)

The guidance also states that NHS England should ensure looked-after children always have access to dentists near to where they are living. This is a shared responsibility with the local authority for the children it looks after. All decisions must be shared to ensure there is clarity for carers, dentists and the child, about what care decisions have been delegated to carers; shared through a delegated authority document. Where children are Fraser / Gillick competent they should lead the decision-making process. 

Dental recalls for all children, including those in care, are guided by the NICE guideline (9) for dental recalls; appropriate to their needs (NICE October 2004 Dental checks: intervals between oral health reviews – cg 19).

The IHA should identify any dental concerns, outline any modifying factors that may affect delivery and, where possible, provide any past history including active referrals e.g., medical comorbidity, behavioural conditions and their management. This will inform the dental assessment and subsequent management. A typical pathway for a child in care is shown in Appendix 1.

1.8 Transition to adult services

Where children are likely to require on-going specialist oral and dental care through adolescence and into adulthood (usually beyond their 16th birthday) it is important to plan appropriate transition to relevant adult oral health care services. 

2 Considerations for paediatric dentistry

2.1 establishing a paediatric managed clinical network (mcn).

Commissioners should familiarise themselves with the National NHS England requirements for Local Dental Networks (10) and speciality Managed Clinical Networks. There are examples of MCN terms of reference to be found on the NHS England website .

The British Society for Paediatric Dentistry can help to locate local specialists or consultants. They can be contacted by emailing [email protected]

2.2 Needs assessent

The provision of any services should be supported by an oral health needs assessment described in Appendix 2.

2.3 Provision of care and treatment complexity

Primary care teams are expected to provide comprehensive dental care for children where delivery is not complicated by significant modifying factors. These may include:

• severity of disease
• difficulty in a child being able to co-operate either due to age or severe anxiety
• medical comorbidity
• disability that affects access to or use of GDS that cannot reasonably be adjusted in accordance with the requirements of the Equality Act 2010.

The Department of Health and Social Care has previously defined procedures and modifying patient factors that describe the complexity of a child’s dental care and are detailed at Appendix 3. The descriptors relate to the General Dental Council (GDC) expectations of core and specialist skills.

2.4 Transforming services

Clinicians are expected to work with key partners including local authorities to ensure that their responsibilities are fulfilled. NHS England encourages clinicians and commissioners to work with their local authorities to ensure the development and delivery of services to improve the oral health of children observing the guidance shared by the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) and the recommendations of the GIRFT national report for Hospital Dentistry (GIRFT 2021. Hospital Dentistry. GIRFT Programme National Speciality Report).

3 Referral management

All providers must only accept referrals which comply with referral management systems in place, preferably an e-Referral system (12). The referral minimum data sets should include all of the following items:

• A fully recorded medical history (including prescribed and non- prescribed drugs and any known allergies).
• A dental history, including any outstanding acute issues.
• A social history
• The dental treatment plan proposed
• Provision of any dental treatment already provided including radiographs (digital images should be attached to the referral)
• Assessment of anxiety and any tools used
• Any individual patient requirements (e.g. looked after children, safeguarding concerns/issues, need for an interpreter)
• An explanation of the attempts made to manage dental care in a primary care setting.

Referral for the management of anxiety and/or lack of ability to co-operate is comprehensively covered within the Clinical Guide for Dental Anxiety Management (13). Where specialist services such as GA and sedation are needed to deliver dental care additional patient information will be required.

Where patients are referred for treatment under general anaesthesia, robust, holistic, shared patient treatment plans (14) and follow up responsibility between the patient’s general dental practitioner and Paediatric MCNs need to be in place (15).

Appendices 5 and 6 indicate possible pathways of care across primary, secondary and tertiary care, including the management of patients under GA.

4 Quality and outcome measures

4.1 service metrics/data.

Key performance indicators for service delivery need to be agreed for each setting. The indicators need to align with the themes of the NHS Long Term Plan (16) and the annual operating plan/framework.

All services providing level 2 and 3 care must be able to demonstrate enhanced skills and facilities. Appendix 7 provides a comprehensive list of expected staff and environmental standards.

Examples of performance indicators are shown in appendix 7.

All performers of care of level 2 and 3 complexity must be members of the associated paediatric MCN and must demonstrate attendance at meetings and participation in audits, peer review and other quality assurance as agreed by the MCN.

4.2 PROMs and PREMs

In addition, each provider will be expected to collect patient related outcome measures (PROMs) and patient related experience measures (PREMs) and report these to commissioners for the purpose of benchmarking.

4.2.1 Patient reported outcomes (PROMs)

These should be able to measure any difference in a patient’s oral health after specialist treatment, irrespective of the presenting condition or treatment. The use of PROMs in children is still the subject of debate and ongoing development. The language and presentation of response does require a full understanding of childhood development (17).

An example of the type of questions possible are shown in appendix 5 (18). Child friendly responses should be considered including pictures and/or computer aided.

4.2.2 Parent/carer reported outcome measures

These are perceptions of parents/carers regarding the oral health quality of life of their children (19). They should complement those being used by children. Examples of questions that may be used are shown in Appendix 8.

4.2.3 Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREMs)

The MCN should review and decide the questions they feel are most appropriate. Examples include:

• How was your experience of our service? 
• Were the people looking after you kind?
• Did people help you to understand what was happening?
• Did people listen to you?
• Did you feel safe?

Looked after child pathway

• Child placed in care
• Foster carer to present delegated authority and arrange for notes to be available if possible
• Initial oral health risk assessment
• LOW: appointment when next available MEDIUM: advise of issues noted at IHA HIGH: request urgent appointment

An oral health needs assessment should explore paediatric provision, and oral health of the child population.

Health needs assessment is a systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities. Table 2 provides examples of service level provision and indicators that can be used to understand the local level of provision required.

Further details may be obtained from the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities.

Table 2. Example of a systematic approach to assessing need for paediatric dental care

Level 2 services should provide:

• complicated crown fracture of permanent teeth.
• injuries to primary teeth not manageable by restoration or extraction.
• root and crown-root fractures of permanent teeth without complicating factors.
• post-emergency follow-up of multi-tooth injuries in the permanent dentition.
• post emergency follow-up of permanent tooth avulsion and significant luxation injuries.
• Management of complex problems affecting the developing dentition or dental hard tissues under the direction of a specialist or consultant in Paediatric Dentistry.
• Extraction of teeth under general anaesthesia.
• Inhalation sedation where appropriate for all ages of children and IV sedation for children of 12 years of age and above.
• Management of children with extensive caries or early childhood caries in pre-cooperative children amenable to care under local analgesia with/without sedation as an adjunct.
• Moderate tooth surface loss in the permanent dentition, with support from a specialist.
• Mild to moderate hypodontia with support from a specialist
• Supernumerary teeth and/or delayed eruption of permanent teeth not requiring complex surgical or multidisciplinary management with support from a specialist
• Treatment planning, support and follow up for children requiring extractions under general anaesthesia with support from a specialist
• Uncomplicated dento-alveolar surgical interventions.
• Assessment and management (or referral to a higher level as appropriate) of children subject to a child protection plan.

Following the item or course of treatment, the child will be discharged to their referring dentist. If referral has come from a community dentist, consultant or specialist, the child will be discharged to their general dental practitioner.

Level 3a services should provide:

Care and procedures that may require the knowledge and skills of a dentist recognised as a specialist in Paediatric Dentistry including:

• Severe early childhood caries or unstable/extensive caries (especially where treatment under general anaesthesia may be necessary).
• Severe tooth surface loss in the permanent dentition.
• Abnormalities of dental development not amenable to simple preventive or restorative management
• Moderate/severe molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH).
• Amelogenesis imperfecta.
• Dentinogenesis imperfecta.
• Restorative and exodontia treatments for children being managed under the direction of a regional multi-disciplinary team with cleft lip and/or palate.
• Avulsion injuries and post-avulsion management, especially where complications have developed.
• Management of injuries to immature permanent incisors where endodontic treatment is required.
• Moderate to severe luxation injuries, especially where injuries involving significant damage to multiple teeth.
• Aggressive periodontitis or other less common periodontal/gingival conditions.
• Treatment planning and delivery of comprehensive dental care under general anaesthesia.
• Dental care of children with significant anxiety and/or behavioural conditions.
• significant cardiovascular disease.
• significant abnormalities of haemostasis.
• children undergoing treatment for haematological or organ malignancies.
• children with significant disability or learning difficulties.
• children with significant behavioural problems or communication disorders.
• A clear pathway for acceptance and management of dental emergencies requiring specialist level care. This will include more complex dento-alveolar traumatic injuries and acute dental infection in children with significant disability or co-morbidity.

 Level 3b service should provide:

Care delivered by a dentist recognised as consultant in Paediatric Dentistry including:

• Assessment and management of complex dental or cranio-facial conditions which require a multi-disciplinary team input to treatment planning and care or where management of a disturbance in dental development is complicated by features requiring input/active treatment from other dental specialties. Examples include:
• Severe hypodontia, and significant dental hard-tissue developmental defects, especially during transition into orthodontic and definitive adult restorative management and treatment.
• Traumatic dento-alveolar injuries where significant complications have arisen, especially where multidisciplinary planning and care is required.
• Premolar transplantation.
• Patients requiring obturators or other more advanced intermediate restorative management.
• Patients with complex presentations of tooth morphology (macrodontia, double teeth, dens-in-dente, talon teeth).
• Assessment and facilitating management of oral pathology or oral medical conditions in children.
• Assessment, surveillance and treatment of children with significant co-morbidity being managed by other paediatric specialities (for example oncology, cardiology, haematology, hepatology, nephrology, endocrinology. This may include providing urgent dental treatment prior to open heart surgery, organ transplant or prior to commencing chemotherapy, for example.
• Assessment and management of children with a significant disability, co-morbidity, significant behavioural conditions (e.g. children with severe autism) or severe anxiety who require hospital based and/or multidisciplinary work-up and support prior to and/or as an adjunct to delivery of dental treatment.
• Treatment planning and comprehensive care under general anaesthetic, involving more difficult surgical or restorative procedures, or where the child is undergoing joint procedures with another surgical specialty.
• Acute dental emergencies, especially complex dentoalveolar trauma and acute treatment for children with significant disability and/or significant co-morbidity.

The service will provide on-going care for children as follows:

• Management of children with routine oral health surveillance or treatment needs but where behavioural/psychological development or significant anxiety increases the complexity of delivery of care such as those requiring sedation.
• Management of children with routine oral health surveillance or treatment needs but where medical comorbidity or disability increases the complexity of delivery of care.

Illustrative patient journey

Example of specialist paediatric dental care under general anaesthesia

CARIES-QC PROMs items (20) as a measure of PROMs

Parental perceptions reported as outcome measures (21)

1, NHS England. Gateway Reference 07250. 25 September 2017. Avoidance of Doubt: Dental visits for children under the age of 3 years. 2. NHS England. Publication reference PR1483. December 2022 Clinical Guide for Dental Anxiety Management 3. Porritt J, Buchanan H, Hall M, Gilchrist F, Marshman Z. Assessing children’s dental anxiety: a systematic review of current measures. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 41; 130–142 4. Porritt J, Morgan A, Rodd H, Gilchrist F, Baker S, Newton T, Marshman Z. A Short Form of the Children’s Experiences of Dental Anxiety Measure (CEDAM): Validation and Evaluation of the CEDAM-8. Dent J (Basel) 2021 Jun; 9(6):71 5. Royal College of Anaesthetists. 2020. Guidelines for the Provision of Paediatric Anaesthesia Services 6. HM Government 2018 DFE-00195-2018 Working Together to Safeguard Children. A guide to inter-agency working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. 7. Department of Health & Social Care. August 2022. Promoting the health and well- being of looked- after children. Statutory guidance for local authorities, clinical commissioning groups and NHS England 8. Ibid 9. NICE October 2004 Dental checks: intervals between oral health reviews (cg 19) 10. NHS England What is a local dental network . Available January 2023 11 GIRFT 2021. Hospital Dentistry. GIRFT Programme National Speciality Report 12. ibid 13 NHS England. December 2022. Clinical Guide for Dental Anxiety Management 14 Ibid [footnote 10] 15 NHS England (2018). Commissioning Standard for Dental Specialties – Paediatric Dentistry. 16 NHS England. January 2019. The NHS Long Term Plan 17 Graham A, Knapp R, Rodd H, Marshman Z, Zaitoun H, Gilchchrist F. The Utility and Feasibility of Routine Use of a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure in Paediatric Dentistry. Oral 2021, 1(4), 290-299 18 ibid 19 Jokovic A, Locker D, Stephens M, Kenny D, Tompson B. 2003 Measuring Parental Perceptions of Child Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Journal of Public Health Dentistry 63, 67-72. 20. Ibid [ref 17] 21. Ibid [ref 19]

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MSc Clinical Dentistry (Paediatric Dentistry) / Overview

Year of entry: 2024

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We require a primary dental qualification from a recognised institution.

We also require you to have at least two years' recent experience in clinical professional practice.

Full entry requirements

Please apply via our online application form . See the application and selection section for details of the supporting documents we require.

We recommend that you apply as early as possible. We reserve the right to close applications if the course is full.

As there is a high demand for our courses, we operate a staged admissions process with selection deadlines throughout the year. Due to the competition for places and the high quality of applications that we receive, we give preference to applicants with grades above our minimum entry requirements and who can demonstrate relevant experience.

Please ensure you submit all supporting documentation with your application before the application deadline to avoid a delay in processing. Incomplete applications will held over to the next stage and will not be reviewed until all documentation is received.

Applications for 2024 entry

• Stage 1 : Complete application received by 1 December 2023. Decision (including interview invite) by 12 January 2024.
• Stage 2 : Complete application received by 1 March 2024. Decision (including interview invite) by 12 April 2024.

Provisional interview dates

• Stage 1 : Week beginning 24 January 2024.
• Stage 2 : Week beginning 22 April 2024.

While we aim to give you a decision on your application by the deadline date, in some instances it may be necessary to put your application on a waitlist (this may be before or after interview). If this is the case, we will let you know by the deadline date of your stage or after interview. Applications placed on the waitlist will be reviewed during the final stage.

Please note: All places are subject to availability. If you apply at one of the later stages, the course may already be reaching capacity or be closed to further applications. We recommend that you apply early in the cycle to avoid disappointment.

Applicants who are made a conditional offer of a place must demonstrate that they have met all the conditions of their offer by 31 July 2024.

Course options

Course overview.

• Receive specialist clinical training in paediatric dentistry and build up your knowledge of literature in this field.
• Learn from consultants and specialists in paediatric dentistry and develop clinical skills at the University Dental Hospital of Manchester.
• Pave the way for a research or clinical academic career in this area of dentistry.
• Become eligible for the Membership in Paediatric Dentistry tri-collegiate specialty membership examination.
• Study at a university ranked 5th in the UK and among the top 40 in the world for Dentistry (QS World University Rankings 2022).

Sign up for an on-line Dentistry information session on Wednesday 1 February 2023 , where our academic colleague will explain the courses available, their structure and content, as well as answer your questions.  You will also have a chance to attend general information session on how to apply, employability, fees and funding, and student support.

For entry in the academic year beginning September 2024, the tuition fees are as follows:

• MSc (full-time) UK students (per annum): £26,000 International, including EU, students (per annum): £55,500

Further information for EU students can be found on our dedicated EU page.

The fees quoted above will be fully inclusive for the course tuition, administration and computational costs during your studies.

All fees for entry will be subject to yearly review and incremental rises per annum are also likely over the duration of courses lasting more than a year for UK/EU students (fees are typically fixed for International students, for the course duration at the year of entry). See postgraduate fees for general fee information. Always contact the department if you are unsure which fee applies to your qualification award and method of attendance.

Policy on additional costs

All students should normally be able to complete their programme of study without incurring additional study costs over and above the tuition fee for that programme. Any unavoidable additional compulsory costs totalling more than 1% of the annual home undergraduate fee per annum, regardless of whether the programme in question is undergraduate or postgraduate taught, will be made clear to you at the point of application. Further information can be found in the University's Policy on additional costs incurred by students on undergraduate and postgraduate taught programmes (PDF document, 91KB).

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Contact details, courses in related subject areas.

Use the links below to view lists of courses in related subject areas.

Regulated by the Office for Students

The University of Manchester is regulated by the Office for Students (OfS). The OfS aims to help students succeed in Higher Education by ensuring they receive excellent information and guidance, get high quality education that prepares them for the future and by protecting their interests. More information can be found at the OfS website .

You can find regulations and policies relating to student life at The University of Manchester, including our Degree Regulations and Complaints Procedure, on our regulations website .

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Dentistry - Pediatric

Dental care is an important part of a child’s overall health care. Oral health issues that aren’t diagnosed or treated can cause pain that interferes with a child’s ability to eat, sleep, play and function at home or school. It’s critical for children to access regular dental care to help prevent serious health issues in the future.

UK Dentistry provides expert dental services for pediatric patients, including medically compromised and emergency patients. Our pediatric specialists understand the unique needs and concerns even the healthiest of children may have about the dentist. We combine skill with compassion and understanding for our smallest patients, including infants who require complex oral health care.

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We specialize in:

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Throughout the year on select Saturdays, our pediatric specialists support Saturday Morning Clinic (SMC), hosted by dental students at the UK College of Dentistry. SMC allows children, ages 4 to 12, to receive oral health care provided by UK College of Dentistry dental students under the supervision of pediatric dentists and residents. Watch for upcoming clinic dates on our UKY Dentistry Facebook page .

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Dentistry - Pediatric Orofacial Pain

British Society of Paediatric Dentistry: A policy document on dental neglect in children

Affiliations.

• 1 Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Wakefield, UK.
• 2 Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
• 3 Charles Clifford Dental Services, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
• 4 Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
• 5 Bradford District and Craven Health and Care Partnership, Bradford, UK.
• 6 Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
• PMID: 37749962
• DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13120

The British Society of Paediatric Dentistry's (BSPD) first policy document on dental neglect was published online in 2009. It proposed a new original definition of dental neglect, discussed the identification of dental neglect and recommended adopting a tiered response, with three stages of intervention according to level of concern. Furthermore, it detailed how the dental team should both contribute to the child protection process and implement wider measures to safeguard and promote children's welfare. Since 2009, these concepts have been widely adopted in the UK and beyond. Furthermore, there have been significant advances in both research and practice. Policy documents produced by the BSPD represent a majority view, based on the consideration of currently available evidence, and are tailored to a UK working environment. Although this updated document's recommendations remain broadly unchanged, this version reflects the professions' progress in understanding dental neglect and minor updates to terminology and, following a consultation process, has been amended to address the needs of two main audiences-dental professionals and nondental health and social care professionals-in order to enhance interdisciplinary working.

Keywords: child maltreatment; child neglect; child protection; dental neglect; safeguarding children.

© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Publication types

• Child Abuse* / diagnosis
• Child Abuse* / prevention & control
• Pediatric Dentistry*