essay in present progressive

Present Progressive Tense: Definition and Examples

Verbs that represent ongoing action in the present

• An Introduction to Punctuation
• Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
• M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
• B.A., English, State University of New York

In  English grammar , the present progressive is a  verb  construction comprised of a present form of the verb  "to be"  plus a  present participle that usually conveys a sense of ongoing action at the present time. This construction is also known as the durative aspect. The present progressive is used to describe an activity currently in progress. For example, "I am reading  right now." Notice this construction is distinct from the simple present ("I read"), the present perfect ("I have read"), and the present perfect progressive ("I have been reading"). The present progressive also occurs when a speaker is referring to things that are planned for the future, e.g, "I am reading at the event tomorrow."

Common Usage of Present Progressive

According to R. Carter and M. McCarthy, authors of "Cambridge Grammar of English," there are numerous reasons for using the present progressive tense:

"To refer to events that are in progress at the time of speaking or writing

To refer to things that are taking place or that are true around the moment of speaking or writing

To describe actions that are repeated or regular but are either temporary or may be judged to be temporary

To describe regular actions in relation to a particular time or a specified event, especially when those events interrupt something already in progress

To refer to gradual processes of change

With adverbs of indefinite frequency (such as  always, constantly, continually, forever ) to describe events that are regular but unplanned and often undesired"

Present Progressive vs. Passive Voice

Students of English are frequently told that one sure way to improve their is prose by removing "passive language," meaning sentences in which the object of an action appears as the main subject. For example:

• The pins were knocked over by the bowling ball.

Passive language introduces "be" verbs (the pins were  knocked over) that would not appear had the original sentence had been written actively:

• The bowling ball knocked over the pins.

For this reason, some students become wary of using "be" verbs, thinking they are indicators of passive language, however, this is not always the case. The present progressive tense—a construction that always includes a "be" verb—should not be confused with passive voice.

Present Progressive Examples

The best way to get a sense of how the present progressive is used is to review examples that appear in books, movies, and in common speech. Take the following example from "Beautiful," a 2009 novel by Amy Reed:

"I am looking at my piece of pizza. I am watching pepperoni glisten. It is my third day at the new school and I am sitting at a table next to the bathrooms. I am eating lunch with the blond girls with the pink sweaters, the girls who talk incessantly about Harvard even though we're only in the seventh grade."

Here the present progressive is used to describe a series of actions (looking, sitting, eating) that are all occurring within the same present moment. The use of this tense not only unites these actions but also provides a sense of immediacy, grounding the reader in the present.

The present progressive can also be used to describe actions that are habitual or regular or true across time, as is the case with this quote from renowned Irish author and playwright George Bernard Shaw.

"People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are."

Shaw uses the present progressive to show that blame is "always" being assigned, from generation to generation, a symptom of human nature that will never change.

Finally, the present progressive may be used to refer to planned actions. In her novel "Notting Hell," Rachel Johnson describes a host telling her guests what's for dinner:

"'Anyway, tonight, we  are having  a perfectly balanced supper of fish fingers (essential fatty fish oils), baked beans (lovely roughage) and oven chips (bursting with potato goodness).'"

Present Progressive vs. Simple Present

Like past progressive , present progressive tense can be confusing, especially for those learning English as a second language whose native language doesn't have an equivalent verb tense. The authors of "The Business Writer's Handbook" provide the following example:

"I am searching for an error in the document." [The search is occurring now and may continue.]

In contrast, the simple present tense more often relates to habitual actions:

"I search for errors in my documents." [I regularly search for errors, but I am not necessarily searching now.]

The following example provides a further distinction:

"I live in London." "I am living in London."

The sense of the first sentence is that this is a relatively permanent state of affairs—there is no suggestion that the speaker is intending to leave any time soon. In the second sentence, however, the sense is that the situation is temporary. London is where the speaker happens to live at the moment, but this situation may change in the future.

• Carter, R.; McCarthy, M. "Cambridge Grammar of English." Cambridge University Press, 2006
• Alred, Gerald J.; Brusaw, Charles T.; Oliu, Walter E. "The Business Writers Handbook." Twelfth Edition, MacMillan, 2019
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Present Progressive Tense in English Grammar

When to use the english present progressive tense, how to conjugate the english present progressive tense, contractions.

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What is the English Present Progressive Tense?

The present progressive , also known as the present continuous tense, is formed with the verb be and the present participle or -ing form of the main verb. We use this tense to talk about actions that are in progress at the time of speaking and temporary actions. We can also use the present progressive to talk about future arrangements and plans.

Learn how to conjugate verbs in the present progressive tense and get tips on its usage with Lingolia’s English grammar lesson. Then test your grammar skills in the exercises.

James is travelling around Australia. He is staying at a youth hostel in a little Australian town. The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches.

James is meeting his friend Brad in town tonight. Brad is working there as a tour guide over the summer.

James is in the town centre now. Look! James is taking a picture of another tourist.

We use the present progressive tense to describe:

• actions that are taking place at the present moment, i.e. now Example: Look! James is taking a picture of another tourist.
• predetermined plans or appointments that have been made for the near future Example: He is meeting his friend Brad tonight.
• actions that are only happening temporarily Example: James is travelling around Australia. Brad is working there as a tour guide over the summer.
• actions that are currently happening, but not at the moment of speaking Example: He is staying at a youth hostel.
• situations that are changing Example: The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches.

There are four present tenses in English grammar. Besides the present progressive, there is the simple present , the present perfect and the present perfect progressive .

Learn about the differences between English present tenses on Lingolia’s English Tense Comparison page:

• Tense comparison simple present – present progressive
• Tense comparison simple present – present perfect progressive
• Tense Comparison present perfect – present perfect progressive

Learn more about the progressive aspect and other progressive tenses on Lingolia’s tenses timeline .

Signal Words: English Present Progressive Tense

Signal words can help us decide which tense to use. The signal words for the present progressive are:

• at the moment
• now, just now, right now

To conjugate verbs in the present progressive we use the conjugated form of the auxiliary verb be. Be is irregular (see the table below). The main verb is conjugated in the -ing form or present participle , it is the same for all people. The table provides and overview of the conjugation of verbs in positive, negative and interrogative sentences in the present progressive tense.

Present Participle – Spelling Rules

Generally, the present participle is formed by adding -ing to the base infinitive form of a verb. However, there are a few exceptions:

• An -e at the end of the word is removed, but - ee, -oe and -ye remain unchanged. Example: com e – coming (but: agr ee - agr ee ing)
• The final consonant is doubled in words that have a short stressed vowel before the final consonant. However, -w, -x and -y are not doubled Example: sit – si tt ing (but: fi x –fi x ing)
• An -l as the final consonant after a vowel is always doubled in British English but not in American English. Example: trav el – trave lli ng (British), trave l ing (American)
• An -ie at the end of the word is replaced by a -y . Example: l ie – l y ing

Contractions are a combination of certain pronouns , verbs and the word not . They are mostly used in spoken and informal written English. The table below provides an overview of contractions in the present progressive using the verb be .

Contractions in written English

In written English, the contracted form of are can only be used after pronouns and not after nouns or names.

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Present Progressive Tense

What is the present progressive tense.

• John is baking a cake.
• They are painting the fence.
• We are moving to New Zealand in the summer.
• The train is arriving in 2 minutes.

Table of Contents

More Examples of the Present Progressive Tense

Forming the present progressive tense, interactive verb conjugation tables, video lesson.

• Caroline is looking for the latest brochure.
• Dan and Billy are fishing off the pier.
• A lot of good arguments are spoiled by some fool who knows what he is talking about. (Playwright Miguel de Unamuno)
• Middle age is when you are sitting at home on a Saturday night and the telephone rings and you hope it isn't for you. (Poet Ogden Nas)
• She is running.
• I am talking.

Forming the Present Participle

• play > playing
• shout > shouting
• prepare > preparing
• ride > riding
• lie > lying
• untie > untying
• run > running
• forget > forgetting

The Negative Version

• Caroline is not looking for the latest brochure.
• Dan and Billy are not fishing off the pier.

The Question Version

• Is Caroline looking for the latest brochure?
• Are Dan and Billy fishing off the pier?
• Why is Caroline looking for the latest brochure?
• When are Dan and Billy fishing off the pier?
• Is Caroline looking for the latest brochure or her chair?
• Are Dan and Billy fishing off or jumping off the pier?

Top 10 Regular Verbs

Top 10 Irregular Verbs

All 4 Past Tenses

All 4 Present Tenses

All 4 Future Tenses

Are you a visual learner? Do you prefer video to text? Here is a list of all our grammar videos .

The Other Present Tenses

This page was written by Craig Shrives .

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Grammar: Present Simple vs. Present Progressive (Review & Exercises)

English Level : High Beginner, Lower-Intermediate

Worksheet Download :  present-simple-present-progressive-worksheet.docx (scroll down to study the exercises online)

Jump to:  Present Simple (below), Present Progressive ,  Exercises

Present Simple keywords: never, sometimes, often, usually, always, every day

1) Use the Present Simple for Habits: "I study English every day"

When we talk about actions that happen usually , often , or every day , we use the present simple . For example:

• John works at a bank.
• My father smokes cigarettes.

John works at a bank. Maybe he isn't working now (maybe he is sleeping now), but usually he works at a bank. That is his job. He works from Monday to Friday. It is something he does regularly, so we can use the present simple.

Conjugation - Singular Subjects

• I work. / I don't work.
• You work. / You don't work.
• He  work s . / He doe s n't work .*

*add an 's' to the main verb when the subject is 'He/She/It'. This is called the third person singular.

When the verb is in the negative , we put the s in the auxiliary (helping) verb so it becomes 'doesn't'. And because the s is in the helping verb, we don't need to add it to the main verb.

• She don't work. ( wrong - you have to add an 's' to the helping verb)
• She doesn't work. ( correct !)
• She doesn't works. ( wrong -- don't add another 's' to the main verb)

Conjugation - Plural Subjects

Making sentences with other subjects is easy. You don't have to add s.

2) Use the Present Simple for Facts/Truths

When you talk about things that are always true , use the present simple.

• Children play with toys.
• Cats sleep a lot.
• Water freezes in cold temperatures.

These are facts . Also, you can see that we only added an s to the verb of the last  sentence because the subject, ' water ', means ' it '. 'It' is the third person singular. The other subjects, 'children' and 'cats', mean 'they'.

So we only add 's' when the subject is 'He/She/It', for example:

• My sister sing s well. (My sister = she )
• My boss work s a lot. (My boss = he )
• That computer doe s n't work. (Computer = it ).

Those are the main rules for the present simple.

Verb Tense Review: Present Progressive (Present Continuous)

(The present progressive is also called present continuous.)

Form : Subject + Auxiliary Verb (BE) + Verb in ~ing

He is sleeping .

Present Progressive keywords: now, right now, at the moment, currently, presently, today

1) Use the Present Progressive for Actions Happening Now (or Around Now)

• You are reading this sentence.
• My father is washing the dishes now.
• It isn't snowing today.

These sentences talk about something happening now. We are focusing on an action happening today, this morning, or right now. We are not talking about what happens regularly, which may be different. Look at this sentence:

• John works at a bank , but today he isn't working .

The green part of the sentence is in the present simple because we talking about what John regularly does. The blue part of the sentence talks about what is happening now , so we use the present progressive.  John works at a bank (usually, from Monday to Friday), but today he isn't working today (because it is Saturday maybe).

We can also use the present progressive when 'now' is a longer time period. For example:

• John works at a bank , but this month  he isn't working .

The main idea is that John usually works, but now (= this month) he's doing something different. This is a temporary action that is not usual.

2) Use the Present Progressive for Future Plans

We can also use the present progressive to talk about plans we have decided for the future. For example:

• Jack and Jill are getting married next summer. (This is a plan)
• John is going home in 10 minutes. (This is his plan).

Why do we use the present tense to talk about the future? Well, the plans are in the future, but they are something we  have now . When you say "I'm going home soon", it means that you already have a plan in your mind to go home soon. When you say "I am buying a house next month", you are saying that now, you have a plan to buy a house next month.

So, when we talk about something we have decided (planned) for the future, we often use present progressive. When we talk about something for the future that did not plan for, we use  will . Compare these two sentences:

• (Peter) I am driving home soon. Do you want a ride to your house? 
• (Lisa) Sure! I will go with you. Thank you. 

Peter says "I am driving home" because it is something he has planned. He has his car keys. He plans to go home.

Lisa says "I will go" with you because this is a decision she has just made . This was not her plan. When we talk about future actions that we did not plan or are uncertain, we use will. And when we talk about plans we have decided for the future, we can use the present progressive.

Do you understand all the rules? Try the exercises below to see. When you've finished, try our lesson on verbs that cannot be used in the present progressive.

Exercises on Present Simple & Present Continuous

Hint : Pay attention to the keywords  (see above) for each verb tense. Also, you can use the tab key to easily move between questions.

• Millions of tourists (travel) to Paris every year.
• My father  (play) tennis twice a week.
• My brother (not/sleep) right now. He (check) his e-mails.
• People sometimes (fall) when they go skiing for the first time.
• John lives in Vancouver, but he (visit) his brother right now in Chicago.
• Every Friday afternoon, my friend and I (eat) lunch together.
• Mr. Wallace (talk) with a customer at the moment.
• My sister (not/eat) meat. I  (not/eat) it either. We are vegetarians.

Check Answers  

• I (brush) my teeth every morning and night. My brother also (brush) his teeth.
• Right now, my brother (do) his homework. He (go) to university, so he usually (have) a lot of homework.
• My sister is at home too. She (not/do) homework. She (watch) TV. She always (watch) TV at night. She (work) every day, so after work, she (feel) tired.  She (relax) when she watches TV.
• I decided that I (not/go) to university next year.  I am going to travel.  I (love) traveling.
• My father (be) a police officer. He usually (work) in the evenings. Tonight, however, he (not/work) because today is his birthday. We (go) to a Mexican restaurant at 8 p.m. My father (love) Mexican food.
• My family (have) a dog. Our dog is always hungry. It (eat) a lot. My mother is in the kitchen now. She (make) a sandwich. The dog (look) at her. He wants food too. We (leave) in an hour to go a restaurant with my father.
• It is cold outside, and it (snow) this evening. Usually it (not/snow) much in my town. Snow (fall) two or three times a year.
• To learn English, some students (read) grammar books. You (not/read) a book right now. You (study) English on the Internet.  The Internet (have) many English websites.
• Young people (enjoy) the Internet, but many older people (not/use) it.

Please leave a comment below if you have a question or if you find a mistake.

- Matthew Barton (copyright) / Creator of Englishcurrent.com

Related Lessons:

• Non-Progressive Verbs vs. Action Verbs

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21 comments on “ Grammar: Present Simple vs. Present Progressive (Review & Exercises) ”

very good, useful

This place is a really interesting place to increase your English skills. I am glad I found it and I encourage my fellow friends to take advantage of such a wonderful tool.

I still don’t understand For example “Smells good” is it correct or not? Or can i say “Smell good” ???

It depends on the subject. “He smells good” / “You smell good” are both possible. The verb smell is also a linking verb (like feel/look/taste/be/seem). For an explanation of linking verbs, see the section “Special Cases – Sense Verbs” at this page: https://www.englishcurrent.com/grammar/study-state-verbs-action-verbs-exercises/

It is helpful but complicated to get correct answers.

My father is a police offer -> OFFICER

Thanks! Fixed

When I say “I’m going home soon”, it means that now, you (should be ‘I’) have a plan to go home soon.

the answers are very difficult to understand when you have a mistake. by the way, it’s a very useful tool for learn english.

It is a great material and a lot of information to study thanks.

Muy Util, para entender el tipo de presente que ocupamos, casi siempre escrib­a sin conjugar.

It is great to learn for grammar knowledge

cool practice

Hi I live in USA and I born in USA and I spell English every my live and I don’t like this play is very bad

Hi I don’t know who is Samantha but I like this game thanks for the Post author

I love this game is really cool and good

i think some points of this page is error.

Thank you. I can tell the difference between the two tenses now.

ERROR paragraph 2, sentence 1 (too and also) BETERR: My brother also brushes his teeth every morning.

It is great for improve the English gramma. Now I understand when I have to used the present progressive. Thanks a lot

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3. The Present Continuous Tense

Learning outcomes.

After completing Chapter 3, students will know how to:

• use the functions of the Present Continuous Tense.
• form the Present Continuous Tense in affirmative statements, negative statements and questions.
• apply the Present Continuous Tense in various situations.
• use the correct spelling rules for 3rd person singular verbs in the Present Continuous Tense.
• compare the Simple Present Tense with the Present Continuous Tense.

Functions of The Present Continuous Tense

The Present Continuous is used for:

• actions happening at the present moment.
• temporary actions continuing over a period of time.
• informal personal plans for the future

Let us discuss these points in detail.

Actions Happening at the Present Moment:

Actions that are happening at the present moment are activities occurring at the time of speaking. Some examples are:

• I am cleaning my house at the moment.
• He is watching tv in the living room.
• They are studying at school.
• She isn’t helping at work today.
• We aren’t listening to you.
• Are you sitting here?
• What are you doing right now?

Temporary Actions Continuing over a Period of Time:

These are temporary actions that continue over a period of time. The actions started in the past and are still happening in the current time. The actions will probably finish in the future but they are not finished yet. The action might not be happening at the moment of speaking. Some examples are:

• I am taking English classes.
• He is building a new house.
• She is writing a book.
• Are you looking for a job?

Complaints:

This function is commonly used with the adverb “always” or “constantly” to describe ongoing dissatisfaction about a situation that happens repeatedly. Some examples are:

• My teacher is always giving us homework.
• My students are always coming late to class.
• My son is always leaving his dirty socks on the floor.

Plans for the Future:

These actions are for personal plans and arrangements for the future. Some examples are:

• I am playing tennis next Saturday.
• Petro is having a party on the weekend.
• Katie and Roman aren’t going on a honeymoon. They are saving for a house instead.
• Are you travelling to Europe next summer?

Time Markers for The Present Continuous Tense

Some common time markers for The Present Continuous Tense are:

• at the moment

Form of The Present Continuous Tense

Let us now explore how the Present Continuous Tense is formed:

*is not = isn’t       **are not = aren’t

Present Continuous Functions & Form Review

Watch this interactive video to review the forms and functions of Present Continuous. Be ready to pause and play the video, and complete the activities!

Watch the video The Present Continuous Tense (6:30 min)

• Pause at 0:15: What is the contraction of “I am” in the sentence “I am sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:18: What’s the contraction of “you are” in the sentence “You are sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:22: What is the contraction of “he is” in the sentence “He is sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:25: What is the contraction of “we are” in the sentence “We are sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:30: For the negative, what is the contraction of “I am not” in the sentence “I am not sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:33: What is the contraction of “you are not” in the sentence “You are not sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:39: What is the contraction of “she is not” in the sentence “She is not sleeping”?
• Pause at 0:44: What is the contraction of “they are not” in the sentence “They are not sleeping”?
• No, I’m not.
• Yes, I am having fun.

Pause at 1:34-1:38: Remember: these are actions that can be seen and they are happening now.  They are  not stative verbs.

Pause at 2:05-2:12: Notice these actions are temporary and  not permanent. They are happening around now, but have not finished yet and are expected to end.

• She is always sending long texts.
• She always sends long texts.
• He always talks in class.
• He is always talking in.

The summary below reviews what we’ve learned in the video:

I can use the present continuous to show:

• an action is happening right now at the time of speaking;
• an action is happening in my life around the time of speaking, it is a longer action in progress, it is temporary, and the action hasn’t finished yet;
• a future action that is planned and arranged;
• and an action that happens repeatedly or all the time and it is annoying, irritating, and I don’t like it.

Check your answers [1]

Activity source: “Present Continuous Form and Function Interactive Video” by Sari Martin, licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 .  Video Source: Smrt English.  The present continuous tense [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/W1xJ4bk1pGc

Present Continuous Functions Practice

Guess the function of each present continuous sentence.  The functions are: actions happening at the present moment; temporary actions happening over time around now; complaints about repeated actions; future plans.

• They are leaving for Thailand in 2 months.
• He’s always leaving dishes in the sink.
• A:  Long time no see!  What’s new? B:  Well, I’m reading a great new book.
• I can’t talk on the phone right now. I’m studying for a test.
• It’s 6:00pm and I’m cooking dinner.
• I’m meeting with my friends for dinner tonight.
• She’s always losing her keys.
• The dog is always playing in mud.
• I’m working at a car dealership for my placement program this summer.
• I’m looking out the window and watching a squirrel feed her babies in the tree.
• Do you like what I’m wearing?
• Do you like my dress? I’m going on a date soon.

Check your answers [2]

Activity source: “Present Continuous Functions” by Sari Martin, licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 .

Present Continuous Form Practice – Affirmative

Try the interactive activity below to practice the form of Present Continuous. Fill in the blanks, and click ‘Check’ to check your answers.

Fill in the missing words. Complete the following sentences using present continuous form of verbs given in the bracket, (formed by adding ‘ing’ to the base verb, along with a helping verb).

• Sunita ________[Blank 1 – go] to the movie with her mother.
• Sheela ________[Blank 1 – walk] to school this morning,
• The boys ________[Blank 1 – play] football in the park.
• Please turn off the TV.  I ________[Blank 1 – do] my homework.
• My mother ________[Blank 1 – make] pizza today.
• Anita ________[Blank 1 – laugh] at the funny clown in the circus.
• Astrid ________[Blank 1 – eat] a sandwich for breakfast.
• All girls ________[Blank 1 – wear] pink dresses today.
• Raj ______________[Blank 1 – hide] something under the bed.
• Dunja ________[Blank 1 – walk] towards the bus stop to board her school bus.

Check your answers: [3]

Activity source: “Present Continuous” by Annapurna Madhuri, edited by Sari Martin, from  “ 3 – Simple Present and Present Continuous ” In Effective English for Teachers by Annapurna Madhuri, licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 . / Activity title, names and instructions changed, converted to text.

Present Continuous Form Practice – Negative

Rewrite in negative form: Eg. The children are watching TV now. Answer: The child is not  watching TV now.

• Jay is having breakfast now.
• Stefan is answering the call at the moment.
• I am helping Melodie with her work today.
• The boys are washing dishes.
• The student is sleeping in the class.
• It is raining heavily now.
• The students are writing an essay.
• You are doing this exercise correctly.
• The dog is drinking milk.

Check your answers: [4]

Activity source: “Rewrite in negative form” by Annapurna Madhuri, edited by Sari Martin, from “ 3 -Simple Present and Present Continuous ” In Effective English for Teachers by Annapurna Madhuri,  licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 . / Converted to text and minor edits.

Present Continuous Form Practice – Interrogative

Rewrite the sentences in interrogative form. Eg. The children are watching TV now. Answer: Are the children watching TV now?

•  Stefan is answering the call at the moment.

Check your answers: [5]

Activity source: “Present Continuous Interrogative Form” by Annapurna Madhuri, edited by Sari Martin, from “ 3 – Simple Present and Present Continuous ” In Effective English for Teachers by Annapurna Madhuri, licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 . / Converted to text and minor edits.

Focus on Time Markers

We now know that present continuous tense is used to describe actions in the situations discussed in the picture below.

 Time Markers or Signal words for present continuous tense:

• at the moment, now, just now. right now, listen.., look..
• at the moment, now
• this week/this month/this year
• in the morning/afternoon/evening, at noon/night, tonight, tomorrow, next week/month/year/session

Use the suitable form of verbs given in the brackets, to complete the sentences, taking hints from signal words:

• My brother, Ivan, ________[Blank 1 – stay] in California at present.
• Mr. Kim ________[Blank 1 – watch ] IPL on TV at the moment
• For the time being , Maria ________[Blank 1 – work] as a principal.
• Listen! Somebody ________[Blank 1 – play] rock music on the street.
• Look at that man! He ________[Blank 1 – wear] a uniform.  He must be a police officer.
• Right now, I ________[Blank 1 – sit] at my desk in class.
• They ________[Blank 1 – watch] TV now.

Check your answers: [6]

Activity source: “Present Continuous Signal Words and Form Practice” by Annapurna Madhuri, edited by Sari Martin, from “ 3 – Simple Present and Present Continuous ” In Effective English for Teachers by Annapurna Madhuri, licensed under CC BY-NC SA 4.0 . / Converted to Text and minor edits.

Verb Tenses in Music

For a fun activity, search the web and find the following songs:

• Tom’s Diner by Suzanne Vega
• Lemon Tree by Fool’s Garden

Can you hear the Present Continuous Tense in the lyrics?

Attribution & References

Except where otherwise noted, “The Present Continuous Tense” by Sari Martin & Virginia McHardy is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 .

• I'm sleeping
• You're sleeping.
• He's sleeping.
• We're sleeping.
• I'm not sleeping.
• You aren't sleeping.
• She isn't sleeping.
• They aren't sleeping.
• Are they coming to our house?
• a) Yes, I am.
• a) She is always sending long texts.
• a) He always talks in class.
• She is currently sleeping in her room at the moment.
• future plans
• a complaint about a repeated action
• a temporary action happening over time around now
• an action happening at the moment
• are playing
• is laughing
• are wearing
• Jay is not having breakfast now.
• Stefan is not answering the call at the moment.
• I am not helping Melodie with her work today.
• The boys are not washing the dishes.
• The student is not sleeping in the class.
• It is not raining heavily now.
• The students are not writing an essay.
• You are not doing the exercise correctly.
• The dog is not drinking milk.
• Is Jay having breakfast now?
• Is Stefan answering the call at the moment?
• Am I helping Melodie with her work today?
• Are the boys washing dishes?
• Is the student sleeping in the class?
• Is it raining heavily now?
• Are the students writing an essay?
• Are you doing the exercise correctly?
• Is the dog drinking milk?
• is watching
• are watching

Verb Tenses for English for Academic Purposes Copyright © 2019 by Sari Martin and Virginia McHardy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/Effective English for Teachers

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3 Simple Present and Present Continuous

Simple Present and Present Continuous

Annapurna Madhuri

Introduction:

The present continuous or the present progressive tense is used to tell about whatever action is happening at the time of speaking.

Any temporary action, and/or an incomplete action is expressed in the present continuous tense.  It is also known as present progressive tense.

The verb in the present continuous tense is made of two parts:

• The present tense form of verb ‘to be’ – is/am/are
• ‘ing’ affixed to the base verb.

Sentences in the present continuous form have a specified structure:

The affirmative sentence structure.

subject + present tense form of verb ‘to be’ + base verb+ing

Example: She (subject)+ is (present tense form of ‘to be’)+ sing (base-verb)+ing ==> She is singing.

Negative sentence structure:.

subject+ present tense form of verb ‘to be’ + not + base verb + ‘ing’

Example: She is not singing

Interrogative structure:.

Present tense form of verb ‘to be’ + subject + base verb + ing + Question tag

Example: Is she singing?

Learning objectives.

At the end of this lesson, all learners will be able to:

• Use the ‘ing’ form of verbs to describe actions as they happen.
• Use present continuous forms appropriately.
• Apply rules and exceptions to make a sentence in present continuous tense.
• Use present continuous tense in interrogative and negative sentences.
• Differentiate between the simple present and present continuous form of verbs.

Previous knowledge

Choose the correct form of verb in the following sentences:

Read the passage given below

At home on a Sunday.

It is a pleasant Sunday and my family and I are relaxing at home.  My father usually washes his car on Sunday.  But he is not washing the car now.  He is watching news on the TV.  My mother usually makes something special for lunch on Sundays.  She is kneading the dough for making Aaloo-parathas for breakfast. My elder sister usually has her music class on Sundays.  She is not singing now.  She is helping mother in the kitchen.  My brother usually helps father to wash the car.  He is not helping father now.  He is playing with Puppy, our pet dog.  My friends generally come home on Sundays to spend their time with us.  They are not coming now.  They will come in the evening.  I regularly clean my room on Sundays.  I am not cleaning my room now.  I am   going to the market to bring some potatoes.  My cat, Kitty is sleeping in her box now.  My grandpa is reading the newspaper and grandm a is relaxing in the garden.  Mr. Sharma is driving down to our house now.  Father has invited him for the breakfast.  My baby sister is smiling now.  She has just had a cup of milk.  Now I am telling this to you.  How about you? What are you doing now? 

Here we see things happening at the present moment.  This is the present continuous tense.  There is no information about the completion of the task.  It started sometime in the near past and is still going on.

In the present continuous tense, each verb has two parts

Eg. She is singing.

Rules to make the ‘ing’ form of the verb:

• cry – crying
• play – playing
• say – saying
• come – coming
• live – living
• give – giving
• travel – travelling
• cancel – cancelling
• rub – rubbing
• mop – mopping
• lie – lying
• die – dying

Note: The verbs with ‘ing’ form are also known as Present Participle form of verbs.

We now know that present continuous tense is used to describe actions in the situations discussed in the picture below.

  Signal words for present continuous tense:

• at the moment, now, just now. right now, listen.., look..
• at the moment, now
• this week/this month/this year
• in the morning/afternoon/evening, at noon/night, tonight, tomorrow, next week/month/year/session
• more and more

Non-Continuous verbs:

Some actions are used only in the simple present form, even if they are happening in any of the situations discussed above.  This is when these are actions happening but we can’t see somebody really doing it.  Abstract verbs, possession verbs and emotion verbs are rarely used in the continuous tenses.

Interrogative and Negative sentences in present continuous tense. 

Simple present vs. present continuous.

Similarities:

Both Simple present and present continuous tenses are used to

• Bring to life any events of the past and speak of it as if it is happening here and now.
• Explain the plot of a story
• Talk about the future.

Additional Exercises – Self check

Simple Present and Present Continuous Copyright © 2019 by Annapurna Madhuri is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/Effective English for Teachers

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Simple Present and Present Progressive

The first verb tenses an english student learns are the present simple and the present continuous, partly because they are the most simple but also because they are the most commonly used. here is a guide on how to create and use both tenses., the present simple.

We use the present simple tense for the following situations:

• to describe permanent or long-term facts. For example: Lions live in Africa.
• to describe habits and routines. For example: I usually get up at 7am.
• to express general preferences and opinions. For example: She loves music.
• to refer to the schedule of transport or events. For example, Our flight leaves at 12:30.

The Structure

To make sentences with the present simple there are only two forms for almost all verbs. For example, for the verb ‘to play’ in the present simple affirmative form is as follows:

As you can see, we simply use the base form of the verb ‘play’ for all the subjects, except the third person singular, where we add -s. For example:

They work here.

She likes tennis.

You have a beautiful car.

We want a sandwich.

I live in the city center.

The conference starts tomorrow.

To create negative sentences we add ‘don’t’ for I/you/we/they and ‘doesn’t’ for he/she/it:

For example:

We don’t have time.

They don’t come from this city.

He doesn’t often play football.

You don’t speak Chinese.

I don’t like tea.

You and your brother don’t eat fish.

And to make questions we add ‘do’ for I/you/we/they and ‘does’ for he/she/it:

Do we need to make a reservation?

Do you think it’s a good idea?

Does it rain much here?

Do I have time for a coffee?

Do they want something to eat?

The exception to this structure is the verb ‘to be’ which is irregular and forms negatives and questions in a different way. To make negatives in the verb ‘to be’ we add ‘not’, and to make questions we invert the subject and verb:

Here are some examples:

Are you tired?

We’re not hungry.

Is he ready?

They’re from Rome.

You’re not a student, are you?

It’s really hot here today.

The Third Person Singular

Having such a simple structure for most subjects can make you think it’s very easy to use the present simple, and it is in many ways. But it’s really important to remember the one subject that is different because forgetting to use the -s for verbs in the third person singular is very noticeable. So it’s a really good idea to focus on learning and practicing it to be a good English speaker.

There are three ways to add -s to verbs in the present simple, according to the spelling of the verb:

He studies very hard.

My Dad fixes things in our home.

She does ballet.

Your house looks beautiful.

The weather always gets worse in November.

He doesn’t want to go out.

She doesn’t need any more clothes.

The Present Continuous

The present continuous (also known as the Present Progressive) is used in these situations:

• to describe an action in progress
• to describe a short-term or temporary situation

To create the present continuous we use the verb ‘to be’ and the gerund (or -ing form) of the main verb. The affirmative form of the verb ‘to play’ is as follows:

To create the negative form we simply change the verb ‘to be’ into the negative:

To make questions with the present continuous we invert the subject and the the verb ‘to be’.

We’re going out. See you later.

Ted’s working in the garden.

What are the children doing ?

They’re doing their homework.

How are you feeling ?

The machine isn’t working properly.

Why are you wearing a sweater? It’s hot in here.

Giulia is staying with her sister at the moment.

There are some verbs that we never use in the present continuous tense because they are states and cannot have a progressive form. These verbs are preference and state verbs, such as: know, have (for possession), like, love, prefer, hate, want, believe, own, cost. For these and similar verbs, we use the simple tenses.

The Present Continuous for the Future

When we talk about a fixed event in the future we often use the present continuous. It’s particularly common when you refer to appointments in your agenda, For example:

I’m going to the dentist on Tuesday at 10am.

We’re meeting my sister for lunch today.

He’s having a haircut this afternoon.

What time are you leaving ?

They’re taking the seven o’clock train.

You’re looking after the kids tonight.

Present Simple or Present Continuous?

When you are not sure whether to use the present simple or the present continuous, ask yourself these questions:

• Is it a long-term situation? If so, use the present simple
• Is it a state verb? (For example, like ) If so, use the present simple
• Is it an action verb happening in this moment? If so, use the present continuous
• Is it an action verb that is a temporary situation? If so, use the present continuous
• Is it a fixed plan in the future? If so, use the present continuous

As you can see, we use these two tenses in many daily situations so they’re really useful to learn as well as you can. Try to practice them a lot until they become natural, and pay special attention to the third person singular form because it will really make a difference in your accuracy in conversation.

The past perfect simple is used to refer to something more in the past than another action or situation. Read on to find out more!

The Past Perfect tense enables you to compare different times and actions in the past.

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• Writing Tips

Grammar Tips: The Present Tense

• 4-minute read
• 15th June 2017

Many people find tense a confusing part of grammar . But the present tense is essential to clarity in writing , so you need to know how it works. There are several present tense forms, too, as we will explain via a series of tennis examples.

Simple Present

The simple present is the basic form of the present tense. We use it to describe:

• A current fact (e.g. I like tennis .)
• When something is always true (e.g. Tennis balls are round. )
• When something happens regularly (e.g. Rafael Nadal always wins . )
• Something that will happen at a fixed time in the future (e.g. Wimbledon starts in July. )

As shown above, the verb form used in the present tense depends on grammatical person . Usually, the base verb is correct. But in the third person, an ‘s’ is added:

• First person: I like tennis.
• Second person: You like tennis.
• Third person: Everyone likes tennis!

Present Progressive

We use the present progressive tense to describe ongoing actions, such as in:

I am playing tennis doubles with Nadal, and we are winning !

As shown above, in the first person, the present progressive tense combines the helping verb ‘am’ (singular) or ‘are’ (plural) with a present participle (i.e. an ‘-ing’ verb).

The only difference in the third person is that ‘is’ is used for singular subjects:

Nadal is playing better than I am, admittedly.

Present Perfect

We use the present perfect for two things:

• Describing something that began in the past but continues to apply in the present (e.g. Tennis has enthralled crowds for decades )
• Describing an action that was completed at an unspecified point in the past (e.g. We have played at Wimbledon tennis club )

In this tense, the helping verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ are combined with a past participle :

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I have played tennis since I was ten, and Serena has played for even longer.

There is a slight difference between first and third person here, too:

• First/second person (singular): You have played tennis since childhood.
• First/second person (plural): We have loved tennis for as long as we can remember.
• Third person (singular): Venus has won dozens of tennis tournaments.
• Third person (plural): The Williams sisters have dominated tennis for over a decade.

You might notice that ‘won’ doesn’t end ‘-ed’ like the other past participles here. This is because it’s an irregular verb . This makes it vital to check the verb form when using the present perfect.

Present Perfect Progressive

Finally, we have the present perfect progressive tense (also known as the present perfect continuous tense). Like the present perfect, you can use the present perfect progressive to describe something that began in the past and continues in the present:

I have been playing tennis for hours, so I need a rest.

The difference is that the focus here is on the action rather than the result, which we show by using an extra helping verb (‘been’). You can also use it when something has recently ended:

Nadal has been playing well lately, so this loss is a surprise.

It might seem strange to use the present tense for something that has ended, but the present perfect progressive is only used this way when describing something that is relevant to the present (e.g. as above, to set the background for saying the loss is surprising).

And with that, we finish our quick tour of the present tense. Now, anyone up for a game of tennis?

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The English Grammar Tenses Collection

Click Here for Step-by-Step Rules, Stories and Exercises to Practice All English Tenses

What does TENSE Mean?

It comes from the Latin word "tempus", which means "time".

Table of Contents

Simple present, simple present story 1, simple present story 2, simple present story 3, simple present story 4, present progressive, present progressive story 1, present progressive story 2, present progressive story 3, present progressive story 4, present perfect, present perfect story 1.

Linda has just walked outside with Grandmother. She wears an apron. So far, she has finished cleaning and washing. She has also gathered seeds and crumbs.

Now Linda and Grandmother are outside. Linda has just dropped some seeds on the ground to feed the birds. The birds have not come yet.

Recently, Grandmother has moved in with Linda's family. She now enjoys living with them.

Grandmother has already sat down on the bench. She also wears an apron. She has just finished cooking.

Present Perfect Story 2

Present perfect story 3, present perfect story 4, present perfect progressive, present perfect progressive story 1, present perfect progressive story 2, present perfect progressive story 3, present perfect progressive story 4, simple past, simple past story 1, simple past story 2, simple past story 3, simple past story 4, past progressive, past progressive story 1, past progressive story 2, past progressive story 3, past progressive story 4, past perfect, past perfect story 1, past perfect story 2, past perfect story 3, past perfect story 4, past perfect progressive, past perfect progressive story 1, past perfect progressive story 2, past perfect progressive story 3, past perfect progressive story 4, simple future, simple future story 1, simple future story 2, simple future story 3, simple future story 4, future progressive, future progressive story 1 , future progressive story 2, future progressive story 3, future progressive story 4, future perfect, future perfect story 1, future perfect story 2, future perfect story 3, future perfect story 4, future perfect progressive, future perfect progressive story 1, future perfect progressive story 2, future perfect progressive story 3, future perfect progressive story 4.

Examples of English Tenses

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20+ Example Sentences in the Present Progressive Tense (PDF)

In this article, we will give you positive , negative and interrogative example sentences in present progressive tense. The present progressive tense is a verb tense used to describe an action that is happening at the moment of speaking, or a temporary action that is in progress .

It is formed by combining the present tense of the verb “ to be ” (am, is, are) with the present participle ( -ing form ) of the main verb. For example, “I am studying for my exam today.”

Present Continuous Tense Example Sentences

Here are 25 sentences in the present progressive tense:

1. I am studying for my exam right now. 2. She is dancing to the music. 3. They are playing soccer in the field. 4. He is cooking dinner for us. 5. The birds are singing in the trees. 6. The rain is falling from the sky. 7. We are watching a movie. 8. You are reading a book. 9. The children are building a sandcastle on the beach. 10. I am learning a new language.

Check Also: Present Perfect Simple and Progressive Tense Comparison (PDF) Quick and Easy Way to Learn English Verb Tenses✔️(PDF) 500+ English Verbs List (V1 V2 V3 Verb Forms)

11. She is taking a nap. 12. He is exercising at the gym. 13. The sun is shining brightly. 14. The flowers are blooming in the garden. 15. We are planning our vacation. 16. You are waiting for your friend. 17. They are playing video games. 18. The wind is blowing strongly. 19. I am feeling tired today. 20. She is listening to the radio. 21. He is typing an email. 22. The dogs are barking loudly. 23. We are enjoying the party. 24. You are learning how to play the guitar. 25. They are climbing the mountain.

Positive Sentences in Present Progressive Tense

• I am working on a new project.
• They are swimming in the pool right now.
• She is studying for her exams this week.
• We are enjoying the beautiful weather.
• The chef is preparing a delicious meal.
• He is playing the guitar in the living room.
• The kids are laughing and playing in the backyard.
• I am learning a new language.
• They are running a marathon next month.
• The team is winning the game.

Negative Sentences in Present Progressive Tense

• I am not watching TV at the moment.
• They are not attending the party tonight.
• She is not wearing a red dress today.
• We are not traveling this weekend.
• The cat is not sleeping on the bed.
• He is not working on the weekends.
• The children are not eating candy before dinner.
• I am not buying any new clothes this month.
• They are not playing video games right now.
• The students are not listening to the lesson.

Interrogative Sentences in Present Progressive Tense

• Are you studying for the exam tomorrow?
• Are they playing football in the park?
• Is she working on a new project?
• Are we going to the beach this weekend?
• Is the chef preparing a special dish tonight?
• Is he watching a movie in the living room?
• Are the kids enjoying the school trip?
• Am I interrupting your work right now?
• Are they attending the conference next week?
• Is the team winning the championship?

Present Continuous Tense Examples PDF

  Present Continuous Tense Examples PDF – download

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