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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography, History and Facts

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often hailed as the "Father of the Indian Renaissance," was born on May 22, 1772. Check out Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography, History & Facts

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a key figure in the 19th-century Indian Renaissance. He was a social reformer, scholar, and thinker who played a crucial role in modernizing India, particularly in areas such as education, women’s rights, and religious reform.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Birth Anniversary

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often hailed as the “Father of the Indian Renaissance,” was born on May 22, 1772. His contributions to Indian society were immense, ranging from advocating for women’s rights, education reforms, the abolition of the Sati practice, to promoting rationalism and scientific inquiry. His legacy continues to inspire generations in India and beyond.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) was a prominent Indian social reformer, religious philosopher, and scholar during the Bengal Renaissance. He is widely regarded as the “Father of Modern India” for his groundbreaking contributions to social, religious, and educational reforms in 19th-century India.

Due to the significant improvements, Raja Ram Mohan Roy brought about to India in the 18th and 19th centuries, he is credited with sparking the modern Indian Renaissance. The most notable of his endeavours was the eradication of the cruel and horrific Sati Pratha.

His initiatives also played a crucial role in ending child marriage and the purdah regime. Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 to bring together the Calcutta-based Brahmos, a group of people who rejected idol worship and caste limitations. He was given the title “Raja” in 1831 by Akbar II, the Mughal emperor. Roy traveled to England as the Mughal King’s representative to make sure Bentick’s prohibition on the practice of Sati was upheld. While living in Bristol, England, in 1833, he passed away from meningitis.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy History

Ramakanta Roy and Tarini Devi welcomed Raja Ram Mohan Roy into the world on August 14, 1774, at Radhanagar village in the Hooghly district of Bengal Presidency. His father was a well-to-do Brahmin who was very orthodox and adhered to all of his religious obligations. Ram Mohan expressed his desire to become a monk when he was 14 years old, but his mother vehemently opposed the idea, so he abandoned it.

Ram Mohan, who was nine years old at the time, was a kid following the customs of the day, but his first wife passed away soon after. At the age of ten, he wed again, giving birth to two sons. His third wife, whom he married after the passing of his second wife in 1826, lived longer than he did.

Despite being a highly conservative man, Ramakanto encouraged his son to seek higher education. His schooling in Bengali and Sanskrit was received at the village school. Ram Mohan was then dispatched to Patna to enrol in a Madrasa to study Persian and Arabic. As Persian and Arabic were the court tongues of the Mughal Emperors at the time, they were in high demand. He read other Islamic texts as well as the Quran.

He left Patna after completing his schooling to study Sanskrit in Banaras (Kashi). He quickly became fluent in the language and started learning the Vedas and Upanishads, among other scriptures. At the age of 22, he started taking English lessons. He read the writings of philosophers like Euclid and Aristotle, whose works influenced the development of his moral and religious sensibilities.

After finishing his schooling, Rammohan worked as a clerk for the East India Company. Under Mr. John Digby, he was employed by the Rangpur Collectorate. Later on, he was elevated to the position of Dewan, which was reserved for native officers in charge of revenue collection.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Social Reforms

The Bengali civilization was oppressed by a variety of bad practices and laws in the late 18th century (sometimes referred to as the Dark Age). Extensive rituals and strict moral codes that were erroneously interpreted and heavily modified ancient traditions were enforced. Practices that harmed women in society, such as child marriage (Gouridaan), polygamy, and Sati, were common.

The Sati Pratha was the most savage of these traditions. At their husband’s funeral pyre, widows would self-immolate following the tradition. Although the women had the option to participate in the ritual in its original form, it progressively changed to become a must, particularly for Brahmin and higher caste families. Young girls were wed for dowry to much older men so that these men might reap the karmic rewards of their spouses’ Sati sacrifice. The majority of the time, the ladies were compelled to submit to such brutality after being coerced or even drugged to do so.

This horrible behaviour repulsed Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who spoke out against it. He voiced his opinions openly and addressed the East India Company’s top officials. Through the ranks, his persuasive argumentation and composed perseverance eventually got to Governor General Lord William Bentinck. The Bengal Code Regulation XVII, A.D., also referred to as the Bengal Sati Regulation was passed in response to a great deal of opposition from the orthodox religious community and thanks to Lord Bentinck’s sympathy with Roy’s intentions and feelings. The law made it illegal to practice Sati Daha in Bengal Province, and anyone found doing so would be prosecuted.

Thus, Raja Ram Mohan Roy will always be remembered as a genuine benefactor of women who not only worked to end the Sati tradition but also spoke out against polygamy and child marriage and demanded that women have the same inheritance rights as men. He was a fierce opponent of the severe caste divisions that prevailed at the time.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Educational Reforms

Sanskrit and Persian were among the classical languages Ram Mohan Roy studied at school. He first encountered English considerably later in life and picked up the language to improve his work opportunities with the British. But being a voracious reader, he consumed English journals and literature, gleaning all the information he could.

While ancient literature like the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Qur’an had taught him to value philosophy, he had not received a scientific or rational education. He pushed for the establishment of an English-language educational system that would cover maths, physics, chemistry, and even botany among other science topics.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy played a pivotal role in modernizing India’s education system.
He established the Anglo-Hindu School in 1822, which combined Indian and Western education, and the Vedanta College in 1826, which offered instruction in both Indian and European philosophy.
He also championed the study of science and technology, believing it was essential for India’s progress.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Religious Contributions

Ram Mohan Roy was adamantly opposed to the excessive ritualism and idolatry that priests promoted. He examined religious texts from other faiths and argued that Hindu texts like the Upanishads supported the idea of monotheism. He then set out on his mission to bring the principles of the old Vedic scriptures into modern society in their purest form.

In 1928, he established the Atmiya Sabha, and on August 20 of that year, the new religion’s first gathering took place. The Atmiya Sabha changed its name to the Brahma Sabha, a forerunner of the Brahmo Samaj .

The three main tenets of this new movement were monotheism, disassociation from the scriptures, and rejection of the caste system. Brahmo religious rituals were established following Christian or Islamic prayer customs after being completely cleansed of Hindu ceremonialism. With time, the Brahma Samaj developed into a potent force for social change in Bengal, particularly in the area of women’s education.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Legacy

Ram Mohan arrived in Calcutta in 1815 and immediately launched an English College with the help of his savings because he saw education as a tool for enacting social reforms. He opposed the government’s decision to solely open Sanskrit schools, and he wanted the pupils to acquire the English language and scientific topics. He asserted that if Indians are denied the opportunity to learn modern topics like mathematics, geography, and Latin, they will fall behind.

Ram Mohan’s idea was adopted by the government and put into practice, but not before he passed away. Ram Mohan was also the first to emphasize the importance of mother language development. His Bengali “Gaudiya Byakaran” is his best prose composition. Ram Mohan Roy was followed by Bankim Chandra and Rabindranath Tagore .

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Death

To ensure that Lord Bentick’s Sati Act would not be overturned, Raja Ram Mohan Roy travelled to England in 1830. He petitioned the Imperial Government to raise the royalty paid to the Mughal Emperor. Raja Ram Mohan Roy passed away from meningitis on September 27, 1833, in Stapleton, Bristol, while he was visiting the United Kingdom. He was laid to rest in Bristol’s Arnos Vale Cemetery. In honour of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, the British government recently named a roadway in Bristol “Raja Rammohan Way.”

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy FAQs

What was raja ram mohan roy famous for.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a brilliant scholar and an original thinker who founded the Brahmo Samaj, one of the first socio-religious reform groups in India. He is referred to as the "Father of Modern India" or the "Father of the Bengal Renaissance" and was a religious and social reformer.

Did Raja Ram Mohan Roy married a widow?

Ram Mohan Roy had three marriages. He lost his first wife young. With his second wife, who passed away in 1824, he had two sons: Radhaprasad in 1800 and Ramaprasad in 1812. The third wife of Roy outlived him.

Was Raja Ram Mohan Roy a freedom fighter?

The founder of the contemporary Indian Renaissance, Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Roy, who was a fierce advocate for the right to free speech and expression, battled for the rights of the local press.

Did Ram Mohan Roy converted to Christianity?

It is also true that Christianity played a significant role in Roy's decision to establish the Brahmo Samaj as a monotheistic religion. That he had converted to the Unitarian branch of Christianity seems to be all but evident. His book "The Precepts of Jesus," which he published, received harsh criticism from Baptist missionaries.

Who stopped sati system in India?

In 1828, Lord William Bentinck was appointed Governor-General of India. To combat various pervasive societal ills like Sati, polygamy, child marriage, and female infanticide, he worked alongside Raja Rammohan Roy. In all of the British Indian territory under the Company's jurisdiction, Lord Bentinck passed a law outlawing Sati.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography, Birth, Works, History, Death

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography

Ram Mohan Roy , often referred to as Raja Ram Mohan Roy, was not only an Indian religious leader but also a social reformer, writer, and scholar who played a crucial role in the Bengal Renaissance and the Indian social reform movement during the 19th century. Born on May 22, 1772, in Radhanagar, Bengal Presidency (present-day West Bengal, India), Ram Mohan Roy was influenced by the ideas of the European Enlightenment and sought to challenge traditional Hindu practices and promote progressive ideals. He advocated for education, women’s rights, widow remarriage, and the abolition of sati (the practice of a widow self-immolating on her husband’s funeral pyre).

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Birth

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on May 22, 1772. He was a prominent Indian social reformer who played a significant role in the 19th-century Bengal Renaissance. Raja Ram Mohan Roy is often considered the “Father of Modern India” for his efforts in advocating for social and educational reforms, as well as his campaign against various social evils prevalent in the society at that time. He was born in the village of Radhanagar in the Hooghly district of Bengal Presidency, which is present-day West Bengal, India.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Early Life

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born into a prosperous Brahmin family in British-ruled Bengal, but details about his early life and education remain scarce. However, it is known that he developed unconventional religious beliefs at a young age. During his youth, he traveled extensively outside of Bengal and acquired proficiency in several languages, including Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English, Bengali, and Hindi.

Roy supported himself through various means such as moneylending, managing his small estates, and speculating in British East India Company bonds. His association with John Digby, a lower company official, exposed him to Western culture and literature, and he worked as Digby’s assistant for a period.

Throughout this time, Roy continued his religious studies and expressed his criticisms of Indian superstitions and religious divisions. He advocated for a monotheistic form of Hinduism that emphasized reason and worship of the Supreme God. Roy translated and summarized ancient Sanskrit texts, such as the Vedas and the Upanishads, into Bengali, Hindi, and English. In recognition of his translations, he was elected to an honorary membership in the French Société Asiatique in 1824.

In 1815, Roy established the Atmiya-Sabha (Friendly Society) to promote his doctrines of monotheistic Hinduism. He also delved into Christianity, learning Hebrew and Greek to study the Old and New Testaments. In 1820, he published a compilation of ethical teachings from the four Gospels titled “Precepts of Jesus, the Guide to Peace and Happiness.”

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Family

Raja Ram Mohan Roy , often referred to as the “Father of the Indian Renaissance,” was a prominent social reformer, thinker, and advocate for women’s rights in 19th-century India. He hailed from a Bengali Brahmin family with a rich cultural and intellectual background. Here is some information about Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s family:

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Father

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on May 22, 1772, in Radhanagar village, which is now in the Hooghly district of West Bengal, India. His father, Ramkanta Roy, was a Vaishnavite Brahmin who held a position as a revenue collector in the Mughal administration.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Mother

Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s mother, Tarinidevi, was a pious and devout lady. Not much is known about her in detail, as historical records focus primarily on Raja Ram Mohan Roy himself and his contributions.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Wife and Children

Ram Mohan Roy experienced three marriages. Unfortunately, his first wife passed away at a young age. He had two sons, Radhaprasad in 1800 and Ramaprasad in 1812, from his second wife, who passed away in 1824. Roy’s third wife survived him.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Sati Pratha

Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s legacy goes beyond abolishing Sati; he was a true champion for women’s rights. He also vocally denounced polygamy and child marriage and advocated for equal inheritance rights for women. Additionally, he fiercely opposed the rigid caste divisions that prevailed during his time. Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s contributions continue to be remembered and celebrated as he played a pivotal role in transforming society and safeguarding the rights and dignity of women.

In the late 18th century, a challenging period sometimes called the “Dark Age,” the Bengali civilization faced numerous oppressive practices and laws. These practices often stemmed from misconceptions and alterations of ancient traditions, causing significant harm, especially to women.

One of the prevailing customs was child marriage, known as “Gouridaan.” Young girls were married off to much older men, usually for reasons like dowries or family alliances. This practice denied these girls their right to a normal childhood and education.

Polygamy, the practice of men having multiple wives, was also widespread. This often created unequal power dynamics within households and contributed to the subjugation of women.

However, the most brutal of these traditions was “Sati Pratha.” In this practice, widows were expected to self-immolate on their husband’s funeral pyre. Originally, this ritual was optional for widows, but it later became mandatory, especially for Brahmin and higher caste families. Many widows were forced into this act against their will, often through coercion or drugging, leading to countless unnecessary deaths and immense suffering for women.

One individual who vehemently opposed these horrific customs was Raja Ram Mohan Roy. He courageously spoke out against them and engaged with high-ranking officials of the East India Company to bring about change. His persuasive arguments eventually reached Governor General Lord William Bentinck, leading to the passage of the Bengal Code Regulation XVII, commonly known as the Bengal Sati Regulation. This groundbreaking law made the practice of Sati illegal in the Bengal Province, with strict penalties for those who defied it.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Social and Political Activism

Roy’s focus shifted from religious polemics to social and political activism in 1823 when the British imposed censorship on the Calcutta press. As the founder and editor of two of India’s earliest weekly newspapers, he organized protests against the censorship, advocating for freedom of speech and religion as natural rights.

This marked a turning point in his life, leading him to critique idolatry, superstitions, and the caste system of traditional Hinduism. He vehemently condemned the practice of suttee, the ritual burning of widows, and his writings played a pivotal role in influencing the British East India Governing Council to ban suttee in 1829. Roy’s dedication to social and political causes made a lasting impact on Indian society and set the stage for further reform movements in the country.

Anglo-Hindu School

In 1822, Roy established the Anglo-Hindu School, and four years later, he founded the Vedanta College to promote his Hindu monotheistic doctrines. When the Bengal government proposed a traditional Sanskrit college in 1823, Roy voiced his opposition, arguing that classical Indian literature was insufficient for preparing the youth of Bengal for the demands of modern life. Instead, he advocated for a modern Western curriculum of study. Roy also led a protest against the outdated British legal and revenue administration in India, highlighting the need for reform.

Brahmo Samaj

In August 1828, Roy formed the Brahmo Samaj (Society of Brahma), a Hindu reformist sect that incorporated Unitarian and liberal Christian elements into its beliefs. The Brahmo Samaj would later play a significant role as a Hindu movement of reform in the following century.

In 1829, Roy traveled to England as the unofficial representative of the titular king of Delhi, who granted him the title of Raja, although it was not recognized by the British. Roy received a warm reception in England, particularly among Unitarians and King William IV. Tragically, Roy succumbed to a fever while under the care of Unitarian friends in Bristol, where he was laid to rest.

Roy’s significance in modern Indian history is rooted in the breadth of his social vision and the progressive nature of his ideas. He was an unwavering social reformer, simultaneously rekindling interest in the ethical principles of the Vedanta school to counter the Western assault on Indian culture. Through his textbooks and treatises, Roy contributed to the popularization of the Bengali language while becoming the first Indian to apply the fundamental social and political ideas of the French and American revolutions to the Indian context. His legacy endures as a symbol of progressive thought and social reform in India.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Works

One of Ram Mohan Roy’s notable contributions was the formation of the Brahmo Samaj, a socio-religious reform movement that sought to rationalize and modernize Hinduism. The Brahmo Samaj aimed to eliminate idol worship, caste discrimination, and superstitious beliefs, while emphasizing monotheism and the worship of a formless divine entity.

Ram Mohan Roy was a prolific writer and used his literary works to spread his ideas and advocate for social reforms. He published several books and articles in both English and Bengali, addressing a wide range of topics, including religious tolerance, women’s rights, and social justice.

His efforts to promote social reforms and challenge orthodox Hindu practices faced opposition from conservative sections of society. However, Ram Mohan Roy’s ideas and activism laid the foundation for future social and religious movements in India.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Facts

Ram Mohan Roy was born in May 1772 in Radhanagar, Hooghly District, Bengal Presidency, into an orthodox Bengali Hindu family. His early education took him to Patna, where he studied Persian and Arabic. During this time, he delved into the Quran, the Arabic translations of the works of Plato and Aristotle, and the writings of Sufi mystic poets. By the age of fifteen, Raja Rammohun Roy had acquired proficiency in Bengali, Persian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Hindi, and English.
Seeking further knowledge, he traveled to Varanasi (then known as Benares) and immersed himself in the study of the Vedas, Upanishads, and Hindu philosophy. In his quest for understanding, he also explored Christianity and Islam. At a young age, he penned a rational critique of Hindu idol worship, showcasing his early intellectual pursuits.
Between 1809 and 1814, Roy served in the Revenue Department of the East India Company and worked as a personal Diwan to Woodforde and Digby. However, from 1814 onwards, he dedicated his life to religious, social, and political reforms in India.
Regarded as a luminary in Indian history, Roy’s influence extended beyond national borders. He visited England as an ambassador of the Mughal king Akbar Shah II, the father of Bahadur Shah. It was during this time that he contracted an illness and passed away in September 1833 in Bristol, England.
Recognizing his significant contributions, the Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II, conferred upon him the title of “Raja” and entrusted him with the responsibility of presenting his grievances to the British king. Ram Mohan Roy’s life and legacy continue to inspire and illuminate the path of reform in India.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Contribution

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often hailed as the “Father of Modern India,” made significant contributions in various fields that had a profound impact on Indian society. His contributions can be categorized into social, religious, educational, and political reforms.

1. Social Reforms:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy tirelessly worked towards eradicating social evils and promoting social equality. He vehemently opposed practices like Sati, child marriage, and polygamy. His efforts played a crucial role in the abolition of Sati and the passage of laws that protected the rights of widows and women.

2. Religious Reforms:

Roy sought to promote a rational and inclusive understanding of religion. He founded the Brahmo Samaj, a socio-religious reform movement that advocated for monotheism, denounced idol worship, and emphasized the importance of reason and morality in religious practices. The Brahmo Samaj laid the foundation for religious reform movements in India.

3. Educational Reforms:

Recognizing the significance of education for social progress, Raja Ram Mohan Roy played a key role in the establishment of educational institutions. He founded the Hindu College in Calcutta (now Kolkata) and advocated for the adoption of Western education alongside traditional Indian knowledge. His efforts paved the way for modern education in India.

4. Political Reforms:

Roy was a staunch advocate for political reforms and individual rights. He voiced his concerns against the British colonial administration and called for greater participation of Indians in the governance of their country. He advocated for the rule of law, freedom of speech, and civil liberties.

5. Language and Literature:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a prolific writer and a polyglot. He contributed to the development of modern Indian languages, especially Bengali, through his writings and translations. He translated and popularized ancient Indian texts, making them accessible to a wider audience.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s contributions were far-reaching and shaped the intellectual and social fabric of India. His progressive ideas, emphasis on education, and advocacy for social justice continue to inspire generations and have left an indelible mark on India’s cultural, religious, and political landscape.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Brahmo Samaj

The Brahmo Samaj is a socio-religious reform movement that emerged in 19th-century India, primarily in Bengal. It was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Debendranath Tagore in 1828. The objective of the Brahmo Samaj was to reform and modernize Hinduism by advocating for monotheism, social equality, and the rejection of idol worship and other religious rituals considered to be superstitious.

Worship of Formless Supreme Being

The Brahmo Samaj emphasized the worship of the formless Supreme Being and promoted the idea of universal brotherhood. It sought to harmonize religion and reason, emphasizing the importance of ethical living and rational thinking. The movement also promoted the values of social reform, including the abolition of practices like Sati (the immolation of widows) and child marriage. Son of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, played a pivotal role in shaping the Brahmo Samaj after the death of his father. He introduced a new concept called “Adi Dharma,” which emphasized the worship of the Supreme Being without any distinction of caste or creed.

The Brahmo Samaj attracted intellectuals, social reformers, and progressive thinkers of the time. It became a platform for discussing and addressing various social issues prevalent in Indian society, such as women’s rights, education, and the caste system. The movement also emphasized the importance of education and founded educational institutions like the Brahmo Boys’ School and the Brahmo Girls’ School.

The Brahmo Samaj had a significant impact on the social and religious landscape of India. It paved the way for the emergence of other reform movements and contributed to the growth of religious and social liberalism in the country. The principles and ideals of the Brahmo Samaj influenced many prominent leaders and thinkers, including Rabindranath Tagore and Swami Vivekananda.

Although the Brahmo Samaj fragmented into various branches and factions over time, it continues to exist today, with different groups carrying forward the ideals of social reform and rational spirituality. The movement’s legacy lies in its progressive ideas, emphasis on social equality, and promotion of a rational and inclusive approach to religion.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Ideologies

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a prominent social and religious reformer of 19th-century India, was known for his progressive ideologies that aimed to bring about positive changes in society. Some of his key ideologies are as follows:

Monotheism:

Ram Mohan Roy advocated for the belief in a single, formless Supreme Being. He rejected idol worship and emphasized the worship of the abstract, universal God. This ideology aimed to promote a more inclusive and rational approach to religion.

Social Reform:

Ram Mohan Roy was a strong advocate for social reforms and worked towards eradicating social evils prevalent in Indian society. He fought against practices such as Sati (the immolation of widows), child marriage, and the caste system. He believed in the equality of all individuals and worked towards creating a more just and egalitarian society.

Ram Mohan Roy recognized the importance of education in the upliftment of society. He stressed the need for both traditional and modern education. He founded educational institutions and promoted the spread of knowledge to empower individuals and bring about social progress.

Women’s Rights:

Ram Mohan Roy played a significant role in advocating for women’s rights. He condemned the practice of Sati and fought for the rights and welfare of widows. He believed in providing equal opportunities and rights to women and worked towards their empowerment. Ram Mohan Roy recognized the urgent need for the liberation of women from oppressive practices such as illiteracy, Sati (the immolation of widows), purdah (seclusion of women), and child marriage. He saw Sati as a gross violation of human and social values, symbolizing the moral degradation of a society.

Rationalism and Enlightenment:

Ram Mohan Roy was influenced by Western philosophy and enlightenment ideals. He believed in the power of reason, rational thinking, and scientific temper. He sought to reconcile reason and spirituality, emphasizing the importance of critical thinking and logical inquiry.

Religious Tolerance:

Ram Mohan Roy emphasized the importance of religious tolerance and harmony. He promoted interfaith dialogue and believed in the coexistence of different religious beliefs. He fought against religious fanaticism and advocated for a more inclusive and tolerant society. One of his primary concerns was the deteriorating religious and social conditions in Bengal, his homeland.

He vehemently opposed the caste system and championed the idea of social equality for all human beings. Ram Mohan Roy found inspiration in Islamic monotheism and believed that monotheism offered a universal model for humanity. He argued that monotheism was also the fundamental message of Vedanta, seeking to correct the polytheism of orthodox Hinduism and the trinitarianism of Christianity.

These ideologies of Raja Ram Mohan Roy had a profound impact on the social, cultural, and religious fabric of India. His progressive ideas laid the foundation for future reform movements and contributed to the overall transformation of Indian society. His ideologies continue to inspire and guide individuals in their pursuit of a more just, enlightened, and inclusive world.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Literary Work

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a distinguished social and religious reformer of 19th-century India, made significant contributions not only through his reformist ideologies but also through his literary works. He used the power of the written word to convey his ideas, advocate for social reforms, and challenge orthodox beliefs. Some of his notable literary works include:

“Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin” (A Gift to Monotheists): This Persian treatise, written in 1803, criticized the polytheistic practices within Hinduism and called for a monotheistic form of worship. It presented arguments against idol worship and emphasized the worship of the one Supreme God.
“Precepts of Jesus, the Guide to Peace and Happiness”: Published in 1820, this work compiled the ethical teachings of Jesus Christ from the Gospels. Ram Mohan Roy aimed to present the moral principles of Christianity in a concise and accessible manner, reflecting his interest in comparative religion.
“Gift to Hindus”: Written in Bengali in 1829, this work sought to reform Hindu society by addressing prevalent social practices such as Sati, child marriage, and caste discrimination. It called for a return to the original teachings of Hinduism and emphasized the need for social equality and justice.
“Translation of the Vedanta”: Ram Mohan Roy translated the ancient Sanskrit texts of the Upanishads into Bengali, Hindi, and English. These translations aimed to make the philosophical concepts and spiritual teachings of the Upanishads more accessible to a wider audience.
Newspapers and Journals: Ram Mohan Roy founded and contributed to various newspapers and journals, including “Mirat-ul-Akbar” and “Sambad Kaumudi.” Through these publications, he disseminated his reformist ideas, critiqued social and political issues, and advocated for religious and educational reforms.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Death

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a prominent Indian social reformer and intellectual, passed away on September 27, 1833. He was born on May 22, 1772, in Radhanagar village, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in West Bengal, India). Raja Ram Mohan Roy is considered one of the key figures of the Bengal Renaissance and played a significant role in the social, cultural, and religious reforms in India during the early 19th century. Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s death was a significant loss to the social reform movements in India.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Legacy

Ram Mohan Roy’s legacy as a religious leader and social reformer remains significant in India’s history. His progressive ideas, emphasis on education, and efforts to eradicate social evils have inspired generations of thinkers, reformers, and activists in their quest for a more inclusive and progressive society.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy FAQs

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NCERT Notes Raja Ram Mohan Roy Indian Social Reformer

Raja Ram Mohan Roy – Indian Social Reformer

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Essay

Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772 – 1833) – Key Facts

Born in Radhanagar, Hooghly District, Bengal Presidency in May 1772 into an orthodox Bengali Hindu family.
Education of Ram Mohan – He was sent to Patna for higher studies where he studied Persian and Arabic. He read the Quran, the Arabic translation of the works of Plato and Aristotle and the works of Sufi mystic poets. By the age of fifteen, Raja Rammohun Roy had learnt Bangla, Persian, Arabic and Sanskrit. He also knew Hindi and English.
He went to Varanasi and studied the Vedas, the Upanishads and Hindu philosophy deeply.
He studied Christianity and Islam as well.
At the age of sixteen, he wrote a rational critique of Hindu idol worship.
From 1809 to 1814, he served in the Revenue Department of the East India Company also worked as a personal Diwan to Woodforde and Digby.
From 1814 onwards he devoted his life to religious, social and political reforms.
In his address, entitled ‘Inaugurator of the Modern Age in India,’ Tagore referred to Ram Mohan as ‘a luminous star in the firmament of Indian history’.
He visited England as an ambassador of the Mughal king Akbar Shah II (father of Bahadur Shah) where he died of a disease. He died in September 1833 in Bristol, England.
He was given the title ‘Raja’ by the Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II whose grievances he presented before the British king. Check out the list of Mughal Emperors on the linked page.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Contribution

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Bengal Sati Regulation
Land Revenue under British Rule
Indian Education System During British Rule
Constitutional Experiments under British Rule

It is because of his contributions in social, religious, political, economic and educational spheres that Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ and ‘Father of Indian Renaissance’.

Brahmo Samaj

Ideologies of raja ram mohan roy, raja ram mohan roy – literary work, frequently asked questions about raja rammohan roy, what is the contribution of raja ram mohan roy, what were the social reforms of raja rammohan roy.

Roy founded the Atmiya Sabha and the Unitarian Community to fight social evils, and to propagate social and educational reforms in India. He was the man who fought against superstitions, a pioneer in Indian education, and a trendsetter in Bengali Prose and Indian press.

Crusaded against Hindu customs such as sati, polygamy, child marriage and the caste system.
Demanded property inheritance rights for women.
In 1828, he set up the Brahmo Sabha a movement of reformist Bengali Brahmins to fight against social evils.

NCERT notes on important topics and prominent personalities will be helpful for the UPSC civil services exam . These notes will also assist in the preparation of other competitive exams like banking PO, SSC, state civil services exams and so on.

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Biography of Raja Rammohan Roy and his Contributions

Born in 1772, in a conservative Brahmin family, Rammohan Roy is the pioneer reformer of modern India. He represented the real spirit of Indian renaissance at its beginning.

For his unparallel contribution he has been described as the father of Indian Nationalism. When India was passing in a critical time, Rammohan appeared in the scene who gathered in himself all the significant trends of his time.

Rammohan has a gifted brain with a remarkable knowledge of India’s cultural traditions.

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He read the Upanishads in Sanskrit and translated them into Bengali. His theological treatises show his depth in Koran as well as in the commentaries of Sankara. He realized the importance of English as the gateway to modern knowledge. He acquired enough knowledge in English while working under the company administration. Besides he studied Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit. He understood the inner meaning of Hinduism and Islam. Coming in contact with the

Christian Missonaries, he also learnt the real meaning of Christianity. For his vast knowledge, he tried to bring the Indian society into order; thus became a rebel against many evils of the society. In a powerful way, he started writing on Indian religions, Indian economy and Indian education. In course of time, he started organized reform movement.

Rammohan stood against idol worship, beliefs in many Gods and Goddesses, meaningless ceremonies and unnecessary rituals. He Vehemently criticised the Hindu orthodox practices and religious dogmas present in his contemporary Indian society. He said that Hinduism as the most ancient religion on earth should rest on its inner spiritual vitality.

The Hindu Vedanta and Upanishad had described clearly about birth, life and death. According to him, there is the Creator who creates and describes everything on earth. He is the Supreme Being without any beginning and end without description or shape. Rammohan pointed out the value of those beliefs and wanted religion to rest on purity, virtues and ethics.

He openly declared, “My constant reflections; on the inconvenient, or rather injurious rites, introduced by the peculiar practice of Hindu idolatry, which more than any other pagan worship destroys the texture of society together with compassion for, any countrymen, have compelled one to use every possible effort to awaken them from their dream of error and by moving them acquainted with their scriptures, enable them to contemplate with true devotion, the unity and omnipresence of nature’s God.”

With these ideas he wanted to transform the Indian Hindu society with a new light. In 1928 Rammohan founded the Brahmo Sabha which was renamed as Brahmo Samaj in 1830. Brahmo Samaj became one of the most important agents of religious and social change in the nineteenth century India.

The main aim of the Samaj was to foster the idea of brotherhood of men since all men are the creation of the eternal Being. It advocated for the promotion of charity, morality, piety, benevolence, virtue and the strengthening of the bonds of union between man of all religious beliefs.

The immobile structure of the Indian society, with blind beliefs like Sati system, polygamy, caste excesses, untouchability and the oppression of women divided the Indian society and kept them from acting together as a united nation. Rammohan started Champaign against these wrong doings of the Hindu society.

Rammohan Roy openly said that Sati system was more than murders according to all Shastra as well as to the common science of every nation. He protested against the Sati system inside and outside his home. Consequent upon this the orthodox community rose up in protest and social boycott was organized against him. His life was threatened. On the support of Rammohan Roy, Lord Bentinck finally decided to abolish Sati system in 1929.

In the field of education, Rammohan was one of the first thinkers in India to realise the value of Western Science, and thought. He created major opinion in favour of the English education that could generate a sense of unity among the Indian educated youths. Rammohan’s idea of western education helped the Government of Lord William Bentinck to introduce European learning in India. Bentinck could ignore the group of orientalists of India who were pleading in favour of oriental languages to be used as medium of instructions in schools and colleges.

Rammohan also tried his best for the poetical awakening among Indians. He first realized the value of free press and free opinion. He first published a weekly to ventilate the views of the people on social, political, economic problems both national and international. Through the publication of a comparative study of national problem with international issues, Indians could understand their defects.

With the result they tried to work for the motherland jointly. Rammohan became the pioneer of Indian nationalism by preaching the sensitive value of unity among men. The aim of his reform movement was to liberate the individual from social tyranny and from mental ignorance.

Breaking the orthodox belief to cross the sea and to lose the caste, Rammohan Roy was the first Indian to go to England crossing sea in 1830. Fighting in favour of the abolition of Saji, the introduction of Western Education in India and to introduce measures to put an end to the false beliefs among Indians, he died there is 1833.

After the death of Rammohan Roy, the Brahmo movement continued to carry its mission under the leadership of Keshab Chandra Sen, Maharishi Debendranath Tagore and Akshaya Kumar Dutta etc. Thus in the growth of Indian renaissance the Brahmo movement played a very significant role in India.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy: ‘The apostle of a religious revival’

1830, ram mohan roy traveled to the united kingdom as an ambassador of the mughal empire to ensure that lord william bentinck’s bengal sati regulation, 1829 banning the practice of sati was not overturned..

Social reformer Raja Ram Mohan Roy, also known as the father of ‘Indian Renaissance’, is remembered for his fight for women’s rights at a time when the country was suffering from harsh societal norms and traditions which included the practice of Sati.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born in Radhanagar in Bengal Presidency in 1772 to a Brahmin family. He left home at an early age and shunned the prevalent practices of idol worship and several orthodox practices of the time. Roy left home and traveled through Himalayas and Tibet while learning Persian and Arabic along with Sanskrit. This influenced his thinking about one god, as he preached unity of God and made early translations of Vedic scriptures into English in the later parts of his life.

READ | Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Google Doodle remembers the father of ‘Indian Renaissance’

Upon returning, he was married by his parents to change his outlook towards life and society. However, it failed to deter his commitments, as he delved deep into the studies of Hinduism. After the death of his father in 1803, he moved to Murshidabad where he published his first book, a Persian treatise with an Arabic preface, “Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin” or “A Gift to Monotheism”. In addition to acquiring knowledge of the ancient Vedantic literature, he also studied the Tantric works with the aid of Hariharananda Tirthaswami.

In 1814 he settled in Calcutta and in 1815 founded the Atmiya Sabha. In 1828 he established the Brahmo Samaj, “One God Society.” In 1830, Raja Ram Mohan Roy traveled to the United Kingdom as an ambassador of the Mughal Empire to ensure that Lord William Bentinck’s Bengal Sati Regulation, 1829 banning the practice of Sati was not overturned.

Ram Mohan Roy was revered by many across the world. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in his book ‘The India Struggle’ called him “the apostle of a religious revival” in India. Bose said, “He urged a return to the original principles of Vedantism and for a total rejection of all the religions and social impurities that had crept into Hinduism in later times. He also advocated an all-around regeneration of the social and national life and the acceptance of all that is useful and beneficial in the modern life of Europe. Raja Ram Mohan Roy, therefore, stands out against the dawn of the new awakening in India as the prophet of the new age.”

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Biography, History, Education, Books

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833) was a prominent Indian social reformer, scholar, and advocate for modern education. He played a crucial role in the socio-religious and cultural reforms of 19th-century India. Born in Radhanagar, Bengal (present-day West Bengal, India), Raja Ram Mohan Roy came from a Brahmin family and received a traditional Hindu education.

In this article, We have covered the Biography of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, their History, Education, Works, Books, and many more in Detail.

Let’s dive right in.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Overview

The following is the life overview of Raja Ram Mohan Roy:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a Renaissance pioneer, is among the most memorable Bengali and Indian intellectuals in history. Ram Mohan Roy first emerged in the 18th century, when superstition, poverty, harassment, neglect, and female domination dominated Bengali and Indian society as a whole. The social structure at the time was split up into many races, castes, and religions.

The caste system was also disguised as untouchability. The lifestyle and educational opportunities of women were also impacted by the high and low caste systems. He made a significant contribution to the development of modern civilization by shattering the barriers of caste and conventional society. However, he was also able to bring about a revolutionary shift in India’s educational system and the defense of women’s lives and rights.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Birth

21 May 1772 was Roy’s birthdate. During the Bengal Renaissance of the 19th century, he was a prominent social reformer from India. His efforts to promote social and educational reforms, together with his involvement in the fight against numerous social evils that were widespread in the society at the time, have earned him the title of “Father of Modern India” and a lot of publicity. West Bengal, India’s modern-day Bengal Presidency, has the village of Radhanagar in its Hooghly district, where he was born.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born in a Bengali Brahmin family with a rich cultural and intellectual background. He was a prominent social reformer, thinker, who advocated for women’s rights during 19th-century.

In the final years of the eighteenth century, Roy continued his job as a Brahmin scholar in the English courts , started learning Greek and Latin, and started lending money to Englishmen employed by the East India Company in Calcutta. He served as a “ munshi ” (private clerk) to Thomas Woodroffe , the registrar of the Murshidabad Appellate Court, from 1803 to 1815 . Roy left the position and went to work as a collector for the East India Company for John Digby . He calculated that England received almost half of all taxes collected in India. He wrote a large number of books on a variety of topics, including politics and religion, between 1810 and 1820. As the Mughal Empire’s envoy to the United Kingdom in 1830, Rammohan Roy went there to make sure that Lord William Bentinck’s Bengal Sati Regulation , which outlawed the practice of Sati, was upheld. Akbar II, the Mughal Emperor , gave him the title “Raja” in 1831.

Death of Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Arriving in Britain on a trip, he was diagnosed with meningitis and died on September 27, 1833 , at Stapleton , northeast of Bristol . At Bristol’s Arnos Vale cemetery, in the south, he was buried . Recently, the British government named a street in Bristol after the well-known reformist.

In southern Bristol, he was laid to rest in the Arnos Vale Cemetery . In honor of the renowned reformist, the British government recently dedicated a street in Bristol.

Ideology of Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Here are the Raja Ram Mohan Roy Ideology:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a proponent of monotheism, emphasizing the worship of a single, formless God.
He advocated for rationalism and criticized superstitions, idolatry, and rituals that, in his view, deviated from the essence of true spirituality.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was deeply committed to social reforms and fought against prevalent social evils.
He vehemently opposed the caste system, arguing for the equality of all individuals irrespective of their caste or social status.
One of his major accomplishments was his campaign against the practice of Sati, where widows self-immolate on their husband’s funeral pyre.
His efforts contributed to the passing of the Sati Regulation Act in 1829, which aimed at eradicating this inhumane practice.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy advocated for the rights and education of women.
He opposed practices that subjugated women, such as child marriage and purdah (seclusion of women).
Raja Ram Mohan Roy played a pivotal role in the formation of the Brahmo Sabha in 1828, later evolving into the Brahmo Samaj.
The Brahmo Samaj aimed at promoting monotheism, reason, and social reform within the framework of Hinduism.
He recognized the importance of education in bringing about social change.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy supported the introduction of Western-style education in India and contributed to the establishment of Hindu College in Calcutta in 1817.
While advocating for social reforms, Raja Ram Mohan Roy also emphasized the importance of cultural syncretism.
He sought to reconcile traditional Indian values with the rational and progressive ideas of the West.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Works

One of the principal achievements of Ram Mohan Roy was founding the Brahmo Samaj, a socio-religious reform organization seeking to modernize and rationalize Hinduism. While fighting to abolish superstitious beliefs, caste discrimination, and idol worship, the Brahmo Samaj placed a high priority on monotheism and the worship of an immaterial heavenly being.

Writer Ram Mohan Roy was a prolific writer who used his writing to spread his ideals and encourage societal improvements. His writings have been published in Bengali and English as books and essays covering a wide range of topics, including social justice, women’s rights, and religious tolerance.

His attempts to question ingrained Hindu rites and promote social reform were met with opposition from some traditionalist parts of society.

On Rights of Women

He ran a campaign advocating for women’s rights, such as the ability of widows to marry again and the ability of women to own property.
He denounced child marriage, polygamy, women’s illiteracy, and widows’ substandard treatment.

On Sati Pratha

By 1829, Lord William Bentinck, the Governor-General of India at the time, abolished Sati and outlawed polygamy as a result of his efforts
He founded the Bengali weekly Sambad Kaumudi, which consistently attacked Sati as uncivilized and incompatible with Hindu principles.
During his campaign, Raja Ram Mohan Roy opposed the caste system, untouchability, superstitions, and alcohol consumption.
He placed a strong emphasis on modern science and rationalism.
He battled against what was then thought to be the evils of Hindu society.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Contribution

Raja Ram Mohan Roy had made various contributions in different different fields that had a huge impact on the Indian society. His contributions can be divided into social, religious, educational, and political reforms.

Religious Reformer & Reinterpreting Hinduism

Unreasonable religious ideas were highlighted in Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s 1803 essay Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhiddin, also titled “a gift to deists.”
He was against the belief in revelations, prophets, miracles, and other immoral Hindu activities, as well as idolatry.
He objected to Hinduism because he thought it was polytheistic. According to the Vedas, he was a supporter of monotheistic.
To combat idolatry, rigid caste systems, pointless rituals, and other social evils, he established the Atmiya Sabha in Calcutta in 1814.
He disapproved of Christianity’s ritualistic practices and denied that Christ was God’s incarnation. He attempted to separate the miracle narratives from the New Testament’s moral and philosophical lessons in Precepts of Jesus (1820), a work he greatly admired.
He contributed into Bengali the Vedas and five of the Upanishads.

Social Reformer

In the latter part of the 18th century , sometimes known as the Dark Age , a number of unethical customs and regulations subjugated Bengali civilization. Hugely modified ancient traditions were combined with rigid moral standards and elaborate ceremonies that were misinterpreted. Polygamy, Sati, and child marriage (Gouridaan) were among the prevalent customs that negatively impacted women in society.

Reformist religious organizations were seen by him as tools for bringing about social and political change.
He laid the foundation of Brahmo Sabha .

Political Reformer

Freedom & liberty:.

The British constitutional system of government amazed and inspired Roy since it granted the people a great deal of civil liberties . His aim was to provide Indians with the advantages of that form of governance.

Freedom of Press:

He was in favour of India’s free press movement. Following Lord Hastings’ 1819 relaxation of press restrictions, Ram Mohan discovered three journals : The Brahmanical Magazine (1821); Samvad Kaumudi (1821), a Bengali weekly; and Mirat-ul-Akbar, a Persian weekly.

Taxation Reforms:

Roy called for the establishment of minimum rents and denounced the r epressive actions of Bengali zamindars . In addition, he called for tax-free territory to be free of taxes.

He demanded the elimination of the East India Company’s commercial rights as well as a decrease in export taxes on Indian commodities sent overseas.

Administrative reforms:

He insisted on the division of the executive and judicial branches and the Indianization of superior services. He insisted that Europeans and Indians be treated equally.

On the policy of Laissez- fair:

He disagreed with the laissez-faire approach to governance. In his writings, he had made several pleas to the state authorities to take on a variety of social, moral, and cultural duties that did not strictly fall into the “political” category. In addition to providing equal protection for the lives of men and women, he wanted the state to outlaw deplorable practices like Sati, safeguard tenants from abusive landlords , arrange for liberal and practical education, and work towards the establishment of a new social order founded on the values of liberty, equality, fraternity, and social justice.

Educational Reformer

Roy made significant contributions to educating his people about the advantages of a modern education. While Roy’s English school taught Voltaire’s philosophy and mechanics, he backed David Hare’s efforts to build the Hindu College in 1817.
His Vedanta institution was founded in 1825 and offered courses in Western social and scientific sciences as well as Indian knowledge.

Influences that shaped him

In addition to Bengali and Sanskrit, Roy was fluent in seventeen others widely spoken languages, including Arabic , Persian, Hebrew, Greek , and Latin . Because of his fluency in so many languages, Roy was exposed to a wide range of intellectual, religious, and cultural experiences.

He did extensive research on Islam. Sufi poets such as Saddi and Haafiz left a lasting impression on Roy. Roy was captivated by the Quaranic idea of Tauhid, or the Unity of God.

Roy was therefore extremely troubled when he looked at the Hindu religious scriptures and practices in this light. He saw idolatry, polytheism, and illogical superstitions as completely abhorrent. He made the decision to fight these age-old evils.

Ram Mohan, a Sanskrit scholar, was inspired to rid traditional Hinduism of its obscurantist components since he had thoroughly researched Hindu scriptures.

Roy has also studied the Dhamma teachings of the Buddha. I t is reported that he arrived in Tibet during his travels. He was distressed to see how openly the Buddhist precepts were being broken and how idolatry, which had no place in Lord Buddha’s Dhamma, had gained acceptance. He was a harsh critic of the methods.

Roy was as much of an admirer of the Bible as he was of the Quran and the Vedanta. Many of his critics believed that Roy’s Brahmo Samaj had taken two key elements from Christianity: the practice of communal prayer and the rejection of idolatry. Roy faced accusations of converting Hindustan to Christianity through superstition.

Interesting Facts Raja Ram Mohan Roy

The first weekly newspaper published in Bengali and the first newspaper published in an Indian language were both founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. His groundbreaking journalism endeavors attempted to inform Indians about a broad spectrum of topics. His journal , Sambad Koumudi , aided in the formation of public opinion on matters pertaining to everyday life in British India. Roy began publishing the Persian periodical Mirat-ul-Akbar i n 1822.

To disseminate his Hindu monotheistic ideas, Roy founded the Vedanta College . He championed the theory of the pure ethical Vedanta school.

He promoted subjects like Mathematics, Geography and Latin which, he felt, were necessary to help the Indians keep pace with the rest of the world.

Roy was referred to be the “ Father of Modern India ” by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. He is regarded by many historians as one of the pioneers of the Indian Renaissance. He did not follow the outdated customs of his time.

Brahmo Samaj

Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj (Society of Brahma) in August 1828. This Hindu reformer religion blended parts of liberal Christianity and Unitarianism into its doctrine. The Brahmo Samaj would go on to become a major force in the next century’s Hindu reform movement.

Roy visited England in 1829 as the unofficial envoy of the Delhi ruler, who bestowed upon him the title of Raja, a title that the British refused to acknowledge. In England, Roy was well received, especially by King William IV and Unitarians. Sadly, Roy passed away from a fever in Bristol while being cared for by Unitarian friends, where he was buried.

Roy’s progressive beliefs and wide-ranging social vision make him a significant figure in contemporary Indian history. He was a steadfast social reformer who, in opposition to the Western invasion of Indian culture, revived interest in the moral precepts of the Vedanta school. Roy became the first Indian to adapt the core social and political concepts of the French and American revolutions to the Indian setting through his textbooks and treatises, which also helped popularize Bengali. His legacy lives on in India as a representation of progressive ideas and social change.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy Literary Work

Here are the literary Works of Raja Ram Mohan Roy:

FAQs on Raja Ram Mohan Roy

What was raja ram mohan roy famous for.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy the founder of the Brahmo Samaj (one of the first Indian socio-religious reform movements) was a great scholar and an independent thinker. He was a religious and social reformer and is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ or ‘Father of the Bengal Renaissance’.

What was Raja Ram Mohan Roy religious reform?

Raja Ram Mohan Roy concluded that religious reform is both social reform and political modernization. Ram Mohan believed that each sinner must make restitution for his sins and it is to be done through self-purification and repentance and not through sacrifices and rituals.

Why was Raja Ram Mohan Roy buried?

Ram Mohan Roy was originally buried on 18 October 1833, in the grounds of Stapleton Grove, where he had lived as an ambassador of the Mughal Empire and died of meningitis on 27 September 1833. Nine years later he was reburied on 29 May 1843 in a grave at the new Arnos Vale Cemetery, in Brislington, East Bristol.

What was Raja Ram Mohan Roy political views?

He wanted a theology liberation and freedom. Raja Ram Mohan Roy believed that in his time, Indians could derive the advantages of the liberal spirit of British public or political life if the laws for India were made by the British Parliament rather than by an Indian Legislative Council located on Indian soil.

Who gave Raja title to Ram Mohan Roy?

The correct answer is Mughal Emperor Akbar II. Akbar II gave the title of Raja to Ram Mohan Roy. Akbar II was Mughal Emperor from 1806-1837.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography For Students

4to40.com May 18, 2021 Biographies for Kids 36,061 Views

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great social reformer of India . He was born on May 22, 1772 in a Brahmin family in Bengal. As a student he learnt many languages like Bengali, Urdu, Sanskrit, English, Arabic, Latin, French, Persian etc. He was given the title Raja by the Mughal emperor for wining a case for him.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy had always been interested in social reforms. He worked very hard for improving the conditions of the people of India, and did great work in social, religious, political and educational fields.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is best remembered for his work against the Sati system. It was a cruel practice where a wife had to burn herself at the funeral pyre of her husband. He persuaded the people of Bengal to rise against it. Finally, Lord William Bentinck declared Sati to be illegal in 1829.

Raja Rammohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj which was against idol worship. He fought for the rights of women. He wanted to free Hinduism of all its evils and make it a noble religion again. He fell ill in 1833, and died on September 27. His service to the cause of women will always be remembered.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy, the Modernist Reformer of India

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Jun 26, 2021

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was one of the few people in his day who really understood the importance of the new era. He believed that the goal of human society should not reside in the isolation of independence, but in the brotherhood of interdependence of persons and nations. His attempt was to establish Indian people in the full consciousness of their own cultural personality, to make them comprehend the reality that was unique in their civilizations in the spirit of sympathetic cooperation. In this blog, we will read about his inspiring life and Raja Ram Mohan Roy Contributions to the country.

This Blog Includes:

The father of modern india’s renaissance, early life and education, raja ram mohan roy contribution: social reforms, raja ram mohan roy contribution: educational reforms, brahmo samaj: india’s first reform movement, raja ram mohan roy contribution: religious contributions, raja ram mohan roy contribution: journalistic contributions, popular questions and answers.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the father of Modern India’s Renaissance and a tireless social reformer who inaugurated the age of enlightenment and liberal reformist modernization in India.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the father of the Modern Indian Renaissance due to the remarkable changes he instituted in 18th and 19th century India. The most noticeable of his actions was the removal of the cruel and barbaric Sati Pratha. His contributions have helped in the abolition of the purdah system and child marriage.

Interesting Fact About Raja Ram Mohan Roy He was a Polyglot with proficiency in Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English, Bengali, and Hindi.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on August 14, 1774, in Radhanagar village of Hooghly district, Bengal Presidency to Ramakanta Roy and Tarini Devi. His father was a rich Brahmin who was orthodox and strictly adhered to religious duty. At the age of 14, Ram Mohan expressed his desire to become a monk, but his mother vehemently opposed the idea, and he dropped it.

Ram Mohan married as a child at the age of nine, as was common at the time, but his first wife died shortly after the marriage. At the age of ten, he married for the second time and had two sons from the marriage. Since his second wife died in 1826, he married for the third time, and his third wife outlived him.

“For wise and good men always feel disinclined to hurt those that are of much less strength than themselves”

Despite his father Ramakanto’s strict religious beliefs, he encouraged his son to seek higher education. From the village school, he learned Bengali and Sanskrit. Ram Mohan was then sent to Patna to learn Persian and Arabic in a Madrasa.

Persian and Arabic were in high demand at that time as it was still the court language of the Mughal Emperors. He read the Quran and other Islamic texts. After finishing his studies in Patna, he went to Benares (Kashi) to study Sanskrit . He quickly learned the language and started learning scriptures such as the Vedas and Upanishads. He began learning English at the age of 22. He read the works of philosophers such as Euclid and Aristotle, which influenced his spiritual and theological beliefs.

Rammohan joined the East India Company as a clerk after completing his studies. He worked for Mr. John Digby in the Rangpur Collectorate. He was eventually promoted to the rank of Dewan, which denoted a native officer tasked with revenue collection.

Interesting Fact About Raja Ram Mohan Roy He started India’s First English Medium School in 1816 in Kolkata.

During the late 18th century (known as the Dark Age), Bengali society was burdened with several wicked rituals and regulations. Extensive rituals and rigid moral codes were imposed, which were mostly adapted and translated wrongly from ancient cultures. Child marriage, polygamy, and Sati were common practices that harmed women in society.

The Sati Pratha was the evilest of these traditions. The ritual involved widows self-immolating at their husband’s funeral pyre. While the tradition in its original form gave women the option to participate, it eventually developed into a necessary custom, especially for Brahmin and higher caste families.

Young girls were married to much older men in exchange for a dowry so that these men could gain the karmic rewards of their wives’ Sati sacrifice. Much of the time, the women did not volunteer to be exposed to such crimes and had to be forced or even drugged into submission.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy opposed this barbaric practice and spoke out against it. He spoke frankly and presented his ideas to the East India Company’s higher-ups.

“The Superstitious Practices which deform the Hindu religion have nothing to do with the pure spirit of its dictates “

Lord Bentinck, the Governor-General, sympathized with Roy’s feelings and intentions, and the Bengal Sati Regulation, or Regulation XVII, A. D. 1829 of the Bengal Code, was passed despite much outrage from the orthodox religious community. The act prohibited the art of Sati Daha in Bengal Province, and anybody caught doing so would face punishment.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s name will be remembered as a great benefactor of women, not only for helping to end the tradition of Sati but also for speaking out against child marriage and polygamy, as well as for urging equal inheritance rights for women. He was also a fierce opponent of his generation’s rigid caste distinctions.

Ram Mohan Roy received his education in traditional languages such as Sanskrit and Persian. He came across English sometime later in life and decided to master it in order to get a better job with the British. But, being a great writer , he gobbled up English literature and magazines, soaking in as much information as he could.

Though ancient texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Quran presented him with a deep respect for philosophy, he realized that his knowledge was lacking in science and logical education. He called for the introduction of an English Education System in the region, which would teach scientific subjects such as Mathematics , Physics , Chemistry , and even Botany

He paved the way for India’s education system to be revolutionized by co-founding Hindu College with David Hare in 1817, which went on to become one of the finest educational institutions in the world , creating some of the best minds in the country. In order to mix traditional philosophical teachings with modern rational classes, he founded the Anglo-Vedic School in 1822, followed by the Vedanta College in 1826.

Another major contribution of Raja Ram Mohn Roy was when he founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828 in Calcutta as a reformist movement. It was the first reform movement in India with the main aim to reform the Indian community and introduce the true teachings of Vedas, Upanishads and other Hindu scriptures to the common man. Many prominent leaders like Debendranath Tagore and Keshub Chunder Sen were active members of the Samaj in the 1840s.

The movement played a significant role in modernising Indian society by challenging the oppressive caste system, dowry system and by introducing educational reforms to educate the masses. As one of the most progressive reformists movements in India, Brahma Samaj supported women empowerment by advocating against child marriages, polygamy practice of Sati and treatment of widows in India. The Samaj also challenged polytheism and idolatry in the Hindu religion while preaching monotheism. They also took inspiration from other religions and prohibited criticism of other religious teachings.

“ There is only one God. None equals him. He has no end. He is present in all living beings “

Ram Mohan Roy was absolutely opposed to the unnecessary ritualism and idol worship advocated by priests. He had learned holy scriptures from various faiths and argued that Hindu Scriptures such as the Upanishads supported the concept of monotheism.

This sparked his search for a religious revolution to bring the teachings of ancient Vedic scriptures back to their original form. In 1928, he established the Atmiya Sabha, and the first meeting of this new religion was held on August 20 of that year.

The Atmiya Sabha was reorganized as the Brahma Sabha, a precursor organization of the Brahmo Samaj. The core principles of this emerging movement were monotheism, freedom from the scriptures, and rejection of the caste system.

Brahmo worship practices were stripped of Hindu ceremonialism and developed in accordance with Christian or Islamic prayer practices. With time, the Brahma Samaj emerged as a powerful progressive force driving social reforms in Bengal, especially women’s education.

Interesting Fact About Raja Ram Mohan Roy He vowed to oppose Sati after his sister-in-law died by jumping into the pyre of his brother.

Ram Mohan Roy was a strong advocate of free expression and free speech. He advocated for the freedom of the vernacular press. He also published a Persian newspaper named ‘Mirat Ul- Akhbar’ (the Mirror of News) as well as a Bengali weekly called ‘Sambad Kaumudi’ (the Moon of Intelligence).

Items of news and articles had to be approved by the government before they could be published back then. Ram Mohan argued that the media should be free and that the facts should not be censored simply because the government did not want it.

In 1830, Raja Ram Mohan Roy traveled to England to ask the Imperial Government to increase the royalty payment to the Mughal Emperor and to ensure that Lord Bentick’s Sati Act was not overturned. Raja Ram Mohan Roy died of meningitis at Stapleton in Bristol on September 27, 1833, during his visit to the United Kingdom . He was buried in Bristol’s Arnos Vale Cemetery.

“To abuse and insult, is inconsistent with reason and justice”

Raja Ram Mohan Roy contribution to India truly make him a Renaissance Man; the social reformer not only challenged the status quo in society, he also contributed towards our culture and literature. Here is a list of literary works by Raja Ram Mohan Roy that continue to inspire people across the world-

A Gift to Monotheists
Vedanta Gantha
Brahmanical Magazine
Mirat-ul-Akbar
Translation of an abridgement of the Vedanta Sara
Kenopanishads
Ishopanishad
Kathopanishad
A Conference between the Advocate for, and an Opponent of Practice of Burning Widows Alive
Mundaka Upanishad
A Defence of Hindu Theism
The Precepts of Jesus- The Guide to Peace and Happiness
Bengali Grammar
The Universal Religion
History of Indian Philosophy
Gaudiya Vyakaran
Petitions against the Press Regulation to Supreme Court and to King-in Council
Letter to Lord Amherst on English education
A tract on the Religious Toleration
Rights of Hindus over ancestral property according to the Law of Bengal
Remarks on Settlement in India by Europeans
An Exposition of the Revenue and Judicial System of India
Indian Freedom Fighters and their Struggles
Indian National Movement
Revolt of 1857 in India
Civil Disobedience Movement
Sarojini Naidu
Education of Rabindranath Tagore

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a social reformer in India who believed in monotheism and his main slogan was “Ishwar Keval Ek Hai. Uska Koi Aant Nahin, Sabhi Jivit Vastuon Mein Parmatma Ka Astitva Hai.” This means “there is only one God. None equals him. He has no end. He is present in all living beings”

In 1829, Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s efforts led to the abolishment of the Sati System in India. It was Lord William Bentick who officially banned the practice.

This was all about Raja Ram Mohan Roy contributions to Indian society. We at Leverage Edu respect the determination of those who are adamant about their decisions and firm at achieving their goals. If you are one of them, we can help you accomplish your goals. If you are interested in inspirational stories then follow us on Facebook , Youtube & Instagram .

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Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great social reformer of 19th century India. He had many contributions to modernizing Indian Society. In this session today, we will discuss how to write an essay on the life of the ‘First Modern Man of India’: Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 100 Words
Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 200 Words
Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 400 Words

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Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 100 Words

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was an Indian socio-religious reformer. He was born on 22nd May 1772 in Bengal Presidency, India. Although he was born into a family of orthodox Hindu Brahmins, Ram Mohan Roy was a progressive man who was against social bigotry, orthodox Hindu rituals, and superstitions. He fought against social evils like Sati, child marriage, polygamy, and the caste system.

He also fought for the women and demanded property inheritance rights for them. He later formed a reformist society called the ‘Brahmo sabha’ to fight against social injustices. Ram Mohan Roy was well-read and knew several different languages. He believed education can modernise society and set up several schools and colleges in Bengal. Raja Ram Mohan Roy died of Meningitis on 27th September 1833 in England.

Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 200 Words

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great Indian socio-religious reformer. He was born on 22nd May 1772 in Bengal Presidency, India. Although he was born into a family of orthodox Hindu Brahmins, Ram Mohan Roy was a progressive man who was against social bigotry, orthodox Hindu rituals, and superstitions.

He fought against social evils like Sati, child marriage, polygamy, and the caste system. He also fought for the women and demanded property inheritance rights for them. He strongly opposed Sati, supported the idea that widowed women should be allowed to remarry and that women can individually own property.

Ram Mohan Roy founded a reformist society called the ‘Brahmo Sabha’ which aimed at fighting against social injustices. He also founded Atmiya Sabha and the Unitarian Community to fight against social evils as well as to propagate social and educational reforms. Ram Mohan Roy was well-read and knew several different languages like Sanskrit, Bengali, Persian, Arabic, English, Latin, and Greek. He believed education can modernise society and bring much-needed changes. With the assistance of his western connections, he set up several schools and colleges in Bengal. He also wrote journals and his most popular journal was the Sambad Kaumudi.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy died of Meningitis on 27th September 1833 in England. He will always be remembered as a great reformer who helped to bring an end to the evil practice of Sati and sought to empower women.

Short Essay on Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 400 Words

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was one of the greatest Indian socio-religious reformers. He was born on 22nd May 1772 in Bengal Presidency, India. Although he was born into a family of orthodox Hindu Brahmins, Ram Mohan Roy was a progressive man who was against social bigotry, orthodox Hindu rituals, and superstitions.

He fought against social evil practices like Sati, child marriage, polygamy, and the caste system. He also fought for the women and demanded property inheritance rights for them. He strongly opposed Sati and supported the idea that widowed women should be allowed to remarry and that women can individually own property.

He revived the pure and ethical principles of the Vedanta school of philosophy, preached the unity of God, translated Vedic scriptures into English, and integrated western modern ideas into Indian society and the education system. He saw the evils in the Hindu society and sought to end them by reforming various aspects of the society.

Ram Mohan Roy was well-read and knew several different languages like Sanskrit, Bengali, Persian, Arabic, English, Latin, and Greek. He believed that education can modernise society and bring much-needed changes. With the assistance of his western connections, he set up several schools and colleges in Bengal like the Hindu college, the Anglo-Hindu school, Vedanta college and the Scottish Church College. He also wrote journals. His most popular journal was the Sambad Kaumudi in which he covered topics like freedom of the press and separation of the executive and judiciary.

Ram Mohan Roy went to England as an envoy of Akbar Shah II, the then Mughal emperor of India and the emperor rewarded him with the title of ‘Raja’. Roy also met many members of the British Parliament and published books on Indian economics and law. He died of Meningitis on 27th September 1833 at the age of 61, while staying in England. He rests in the Arno’s Vale Cemetery in Bristol, England.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy will always be remembered as a great reformer who brought an end to the evil practice of Sati, worked towards reforming society, and sought to empower women. He is considered to be the ‘Father of Bengal Renaissance’ by many people.

In this session, I have tried to picture the life of Raja Ram Mohan Roy very briefly within very limited words. Hopefully, you have properly understood the context and will be able to write such essays. If you have any doubts regarding this session, let me know through some quick comments.

To get the latest updates on our upcoming sessions, please join our Telegram Channel. Thank you. see you again, soon.

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Raja Ram Mohan Roy birth anniversary: The man who fought and got Sati abolished

There is a reason why many historians tend to consider raja ram mohan roy as the 'father of indian renaissance'. he was born on may 22, 1772, in the bengal presidency's hooghly district..

New Delhi: Raja Ram Mohan Roy is one of the greatest reformers India has ever seen one who fought for the upliftment of women at a time when the Indian society was extremely patriarchal. Roy FRAS was one of the founders of the Brahmo Sabha and Mughal Emperor Akbar II gave him the title of ‘Raja’. He has become immortal in the pages of history due to his efforts to abolish the heinous practices of Sati and child marriage.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy: The Father of Indian Renaissance

There is a reason why many historians tend to consider Raja Ram Mohan Roy as the ‘Father of Indian Renaissance’. He was born on May 22, 1772, in the Bengal Presidency’s Hooghly District, his father was a great scholar of Sanskrit, Persian, English, Arabic, Latin and Greek languages and hence, a young Ram was also prepared to become a renowned scholar and a person with worldly knowledge, both of which would help him in later life.

Why did he fight to abolish Sati?

Sati was a terrible practice for the women of our country. It was a practice in Hinduism in which a widow sacrificed herself by sitting atop the funeral pyre of her deceased husband. As a child, young Ram witnessed something which would change his life forever. He saw the death of his sister-in-law who was burned alive in the practice of Sati. The girl, who was 17 years old, was dragged towards the pyre, and while the young boy tried to protest, no one paid any heed to him. It made him resolved to take up the fight against the practice and he later successfully abolished it with the help of the British Indian administration.

What other social evils did he fight against?

Roy fought against several social evils and was vocal for social and educational reforms. He crusaded against practices like sati, child marriage, caste system and polygamy. He was a supporter of property inheritance rights for women and founded the Brahmo Sabha, a movement of reformist Bengali Brahmins to crusade against several things ailing our society.

Also, he was firmly of the opinion that education is important to bring about reforms in society and hence, he founded the Hindu College at Kolkata with David Hare. Today it is known as Presidency University, one of the most prestigious educational institutions in West Bengal. He later established the Anglo-Hindu School and the Vedanta College and also helped Rev. Alexander Duff in founding the General Assembly’s Institution, today known as the Scottish Church College. He believed that Western learning should be assimilated into Indian education which was the Vedanta College’s core viewpoint.

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Raja Ram Mohun Roy His Life Writings And Speeches

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Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.202290

dc.contributor.author: Not Available dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-09T12:54:03Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-09T12:54:03Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-02-21 dc.identifier.barcode: 2990100067969 dc.identifier.origpath: /data_copy/upload/0067/974 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/202290 dc.description.scanningcentre: S.V. Digital Library, Tirupati dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 372 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library Of India dc.publisher: G A Natesan And Company, Madras dc.source.library: Bt College, Madanapale dc.subject.classification: Geography. Biography. History dc.subject.classification: Biographical And Related Studies dc.subject.keywords: Raja Ram Mohun Roy His Life Writings And Speeches dc.subject.keywords: G A Natesan And Company dc.title: Raja Ram Mohun Roy His Life Writings And Speeches

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Selections from official letters and documents relating to the life of raja rammohun roy vol.i.

Editor: Chanda, Ramaprasad Majumdar, Jatindra Kumar

Keywords: Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1791-1830) - Biography

Publisher: Calcutta Oriental Book Agency, Calcutta

Description: Vol.I- 1791-1830 With an introductory memoir

Source: Central Secretariat Library

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Birth anniversary of Rammohan Roy celebrated

R adhanagar Rammohan Memorial and Cultural Organization today celebrated the 153rd birth anniversary of the great social reformer of Bengal, Raja Rammohan Roy through different cultural programmes at his house and birth place, Radhanagar in Khanakul.

Raja Rammohan Roy is considered as the pioneer of modern Indian Renaissance for the remarkable reforms he brought in 18th and 19th century India.

The title ‘Raja’ was bestowed upon him by the Mughal emperor Akbar II, in 1831. A colourful rally was taken out today depicting the social reform activities of Raja Rammohan Roy, the rally went around Radhanagar and terminated at the house of the social reformer. A team of 20 students from different schools participated in a quiz contest.

Among the dignitaries present on the occasion were Khanakul MLA Susanto Ghosh, Hooghly zilla parishad shikha karmadhyak Subir Mukherjee, school headmasters Nabendhu Samanta, Amit Aatya, and others.

Among the reforms, the abolition of the inhuman sati pratha was the most prominent. His efforts were also instrumental in eradicating the purdah system and child marriage.

In 1828, Ram Mohan Roy formed the Brahmo Samaj, uniting the Bhramos in Calcutta, a group of people, who had no faith in idol-worship and were against the caste restrictions. He died of meningitis in 1833 while residing in Bristol.

Birth anniversary of Rammohan Roy celebrated

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Tribute to Ram Mohan Roy

Buddha taught the middle way, and Socrates told us to know “how to choose the mean and avoid the extremes on either side, as far as possible.” Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the embodiment of this golden middle way or golden mean.

When the Eastern extremes equated orthodoxy, prejudices, and superstitions with their identity and the Western extremes took liquor and licentiousness for liberty, Ram Mohan Roy followed the golden middle way. He was against blind clinging to India’s own past or aping of the West.

Ram Mohan, who first took India to the road to modernity, was born on 22 May, 1772. He said that India should acquire all that was best in the East and the West. He had great respect for the traditional philosophic systems of the East and believed that the Western culture alone would regenerate Indian society.

He rightly said that the caste system was doubly evil as it created inequality and deprived divided people of patriotic feeling. Interestingly, he disappointed his many missionary friends who had hoped that his rational critique of Hinduism would ferry him to embrace Christianity. But they did not realise his golden mean.

He wrote the ‘Precepts of Jesus’, in which he praised the moral and philosophic message of the New Testament but criticised its miracle stories. This earned him the hostility of the missionaries. He had to face hostility from all orthodox quarters for his rational outlook. In fact, he had to fight with his relatives, rich zamindars, powerful missionaries, high officials, and foreign authorities all along. But he never gave up his crusade for guiding India in her darkest hour.

The orthodox condemned him and organised a social boycott against him. There is no wonder in it as Dabholkar, Pansare, Kalburgi, and Gauri Lankesh were killed in the 21st century for running with the torch which was lit by Ram Mohan.

This great social reformer and the maker of modern India had a lifelong crusade for women’s right to inheritance and property and against sati, polygamy, and casteism. The anti-colonial movement and the movement for social emancipation in India were like two intersecting circles whose common ground was liberation. There was hardly any aspect of nation-building that was left untouched by him.

He was the first propagator of modern education. But he fought for an education policy that followed the middle way. While he demanded English education, he did his best to make Bengali the intellectual vehicle in Bengal. Such was his balanced approach. He was a pioneer of Indian journalism and the initiator of public agitation on political questions in the country.

He condemned the oppressive practices of Bengal zamindars that had made the life of the peasants miserable, and demanded that the rents paid by the actual cultivators of land should permanently be fixed, so that they too could enjoy the fruits of the permanent settlement of 1793.

At the same time, he also demanded the abolition of the Company’s trading rights and export duties on Indian goods. He raised his voice for the separation of the executive and the judiciary, trial by jury, and judicial equality between Indians and Europeans.

He founded the Brahmo Samaj. Again, it was a middle way and a synthesis of reason, the Vedas, Upanishads, and the teachings of other religions. It believed in one god and laid emphasis on human dignity, opposed idolatry, and criticised social evils.

He was a firm believer in internationalism. Tagore rightly said, “Ram Mohan was the only person in his time, in the whole world of man, to realise completely the significance of the modern age.”

Sri Aurobindo said that when he was writing ‘Yogic Sadhan’, every time at the beginning, and at the end, the image of Ram Mohan Roy came before him.

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