intelligence argumentative essay

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AI Should Augment Human Intelligence, Not Replace It

David De Cremer
Garry Kasparov

Artificial intelligence isn’t coming for your job, but it will be your new coworker. Here’s how to get along.

Will smart machines really replace human workers? Probably not. People and AI both bring different abilities and strengths to the table. The real question is: how can human intelligence work with artificial intelligence to produce augmented intelligence. Chess Grandmaster Garry Kasparov offers some unique insight here. After losing to IBM’s Deep Blue, he began to experiment how a computer helper changed players’ competitive advantage in high-level chess games. What he discovered was that having the best players and the best program was less a predictor of success than having a really good process. Put simply, “Weak human + machine + better process was superior to a strong computer alone and, more remarkably, superior to a strong human + machine + inferior process.” As leaders look at how to incorporate AI into their organizations, they’ll have to manage expectations as AI is introduced, invest in bringing teams together and perfecting processes, and refine their own leadership abilities.

In an economy where data is changing how companies create value — and compete — experts predict that using artificial intelligence (AI) at a larger scale will add as much as $15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030 . As AI is changing how companies work, many believe that who does this work will change, too — and that organizations will begin to replace human employees with intelligent machines . This is already happening: intelligent systems are displacing humans in manufacturing, service delivery, recruitment, and the financial industry, consequently moving human workers towards lower-paid jobs or making them unemployed. This trend has led some to conclude that in 2040 our workforce may be totally unrecognizable .

David De Cremer is a professor of management and technology at Northeastern University and the Dunton Family Dean of its D’Amore-McKim School of Business. His website is daviddecremer.com .
Garry Kasparov is the chairman of the Human Rights Foundation and founder of the Renew Democracy Initiative. He writes and speaks frequently on politics, decision-making, and human-machine collaboration. Kasparov became the youngest world chess champion in history at 22 in 1985 and retained the top rating in the world for 20 years. His famous matches against the IBM super-computer Deep Blue in 1996 and 1997 were key to bringing artificial intelligence, and chess, into the mainstream. His latest book on artificial intelligence and the future of human-plus-machine is Deep Thinking: Where Machine Intelligence Ends and Human Creativity Begins (2017).

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Argumentative Essay Example on Artificial Intelligence in MLA

Like we discussed in our previous blog, argumentative essays are complicated to write. In most cases, having a look at the examples of argumentative essays can help you construct ideas and write yours. In this blog, we present to you an example of an MLA argumentative essay on Artificial Intelligence as a solution more than a threat. When writing an argumentative essay, it is a chance to present your prowess ion sharing with the audience why both options are considerable. Also, just like in a persuasive essay you can persuade the readers to adopt your side of the argument. In this respect, either side of the arguments on argumentative essay topics is presented, including a counterargument. The conclusion should then make clear what is in the body of the essay.

Provided you have a great topic for your essay, enough and proper evidence to back your claims, and facts to refute the opponent's viewpoint, you can always write convincing arguments. A strong thesis is a must for an argumentative essay. So is the conclusion, which must stand out. Look at this top-grade argumentative essay example and learn the art.

Argumentative Essay Example: Artificial Intelligence: A Solution more than a Threat

The debate on the future of making in the age of computers remains to be a hotly contested debate in the public, professional, and scholarly spheres. Within the stem of the debate, there have been fears in the fast growing field of computing referred to as artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence or AI is a term that was originally coined in the 1950s by John McCarthy, and it simply means machine intelligence. It is the field of computer science that deals with the study of the systems that act or behave in a way that an observer sees them as intelligent and using human and animal intelligent behavior models in solving sophisticated problems (Kaplan 1). Even though portrayed as a threat on account of the loss of jobs, AI is a promising solution for medical applications with efficiency and high precision compared to humans and in disaster response.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be a solution to natural disasters abound to affect different places globally. The success of any humanitarian intervention depends on quality information, which is in the heart AI systems. For example, the Artificial Intelligence Disaster Response (AIDR) has been applied in different catastrophes in enabling the coordination between machines and human intelligence in coordination response operations (Imran et al. 159). During such events, AIDR allows for the coordination of drones, sensors, and robots to acquire, synthesize and produce accurate information based on the landscapes, thus making rescue less-time consuming and easier (Imran et al. 159-160). It has been used in the Nepal earthquake in the mobilization of volunteers as well as in the Chile earthquake in evacuation processes, in 2015 (EKU). Therefore, artificial intelligence offers high precision and accuracy in solving tasks that are otherwise complicated and time-consuming to humans.

Apart from disaster response, Artificial Intelligence also plays a critical role in the field of medicine including research, training, and diagnosis of diseases. In fact, Medical Artificial Intelligence deals with the construction of AI systems and programs that can make diagnosis and therapy recommendations easier (Moein xi). The medical field uses AI techniques such as Expert systems and Knowledge-based systems. These systems offer the clinicians and other medical professionals the ability to do data mining that is used in interpreting complex diagnostic tests. Such tests and results are accurate since the AI systems integrate information from various sources to offer patient-specific therapy and treatment recommendations (Moein 2). AI-supported medical diagnosis is correct and provides information for both the patients and the experts for effective decision making. As such, it is evident that artificial intelligence has not only revolutionized the medical field but promises its sustainability.

Despite being a savior to humankind in the field of medicine and natural disaster response, AI presents the existential threat of loss of jobs. Research predicts that artificial intelligence already has and poses an existential threat to the labor market. The emergence of intelligent algorithms that control robots has led to the loss of jobs that are otherwise tiring and monotonous to humans (Kaplan 113). For example, artificial intelligence controls the robots that are used in the design and manufacture of vehicles. In this case, the people formerly employed in the industry have lost jobs. In a study by researchers at Oxford University, it emerged that the recent emergence of machine learning and robotics will significantly affect the U.S. labor market, with 47% of the jobs being at risk of automation (Kaplan 118). Even so, not all jobs in entirety will be affected. Rather, even the existence of AI in the workplace would require the support of experts, which is also another frontier for job creation. In sum, even though AI poses a threat to the labor market, it creates an avenue for employment as well.

In conclusion, amidst the fear that artificial intelligence is a threat, either now or in the future, it is clear that it has substantial and critical benefits for humans. Using the systems that mimic human and animal intelligence is the next frontier in solving problems within society. In fact, in its definition, AI seeks to create solutions to complex problems. In this respect, its application in medicine could help in creating a breakthrough in finding the cure for chronic diseases such as cancer and HIV that are affecting masses. Furthermore, as man increases activity on the earth's surface nature is poised to fight back through natural disasters. In this case, AI comes handy as a partner to help humans prevent the aftermath of disasters. The only threat posed by AI is the loss of jobs, which again is predictable and has been a progressive issue. Even in doing so, AI presents an opportunity for job creation. Therefore, AI has more benefits compared to the threats and stands as a solution other than a threat.

Works Cited

EKU. "Using Artificial Intelligence for Emergency Management | EKU Online." Safetymanagement.eku.edu . N.p., 2017. Web. 4 Sept. 2017.

Imran, Muhammad et al. "AIDR." Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web - WWW '14 Companion (2014): 159-162. Web. 4 Sept. 2017.

Kaplan, Jerry. Artificial Intelligence: What Everyone Needs To Know ? New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press, 2016. Print.

Moein, Sara. Medical Diagnosis Using Artificial Neural Networks . Hershey, PA: Medical Information Science Reference, 2014. Print.

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When writing a research paper with works cited page or an essay for that matter, it is always MLA formatting. If it is an essay that requires you to have endnotes and footnotes then you should write it in Chicago style. Most of the argumentative essays we have helped students write are always in APA or MLA.

Best topics for argumentative essays.
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On rare occasions, we also get requests for argumentative essays in Vancouver, Oxford, and Turabian. The good news is that if you still cannot wrap your head around writing an excellent argumentative essay, we can always help. You can choose to buy argumentative essays from Gradecrest. Be assured of quality, well-researched, and plagiarism-free argumentative essays.

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Comprehensive argumentative essay paper on artificial intelligence, rachel r.n..

February 22, 2024

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Unraveling the Promise and Peril of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a hallmark of human innovation, promising to revolutionize industries, economies, and even the fabric of society itself. With its ability to mimic cognitive functions, AI has penetrated various spheres of human existence, from healthcare to finance, transportation to entertainment. However, this technological marvel is not without its controversies and ethical dilemmas. This essay delves into the multifaceted landscape of artificial intelligence, exploring its potential, challenges, and implications for humanity.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

AI holds the promise of unlocking unprecedented levels of efficiency and productivity across industries . In healthcare, AI-driven diagnostic tools can analyze vast amounts of medical data to detect diseases with higher accuracy and speed than human physicians. Moreover, AI-powered robotic surgeries enable minimally invasive procedures, reducing patient recovery times and risks. In manufacturing, AI-driven automation streamlines production processes, leading to cost savings and higher output. Self-driving cars, a pinnacle of AI innovation, promise safer roads and greater mobility for individuals, while also potentially reducing traffic congestion and emissions.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

Furthermore, AI has revolutionized the way we interact with technology, enhancing user experiences through natural language processing and personalized recommendations. Virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa have become ubiquitous, simplifying tasks and providing timely information at our fingertips. AI-driven recommendation algorithms power platforms like Netflix and Spotify, catering to individual preferences and shaping our consumption habits.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

Despite its transformative potential, AI also raises significant concerns regarding privacy , security, and the displacement of human labor. The proliferation of AI-powered surveillance systems raises alarms about encroachments on personal privacy and civil liberties. Facial recognition technology, for instance, poses risks of mass surveillance and wrongful identifications. Moreover, the reliance on AI for critical decision-making, such as in criminal justice or financial markets, raises questions about accountability and transparency. Biases embedded in AI algorithms can perpetuate social inequalities and discrimination, amplifying existing societal injustices.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

Furthermore, the widespread adoption of AI-driven automation threatens to disrupt labor markets, leading to job displacement and widening economic disparities. Low-skilled workers are particularly vulnerable to being replaced by AI-powered systems, exacerbating socio-economic inequalities. Moreover, the concentration of AI capabilities in the hands of a few powerful corporations raises concerns about monopolistic practices and the concentration of wealth and power.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

The ethical implications of AI extend beyond its practical applications to f undamental questions about the nature of intelligence, consciousness, and autonomy. As AI systems become increasingly sophisticated, they blur the lines between machine and human cognition, raising questions about the moral status of AI entities. Should AI systems be granted rights and responsibilities akin to human beings? Can AI possess consciousness and subjective experiences? These philosophical inquiries challenge our understanding of personhood and moral agency in the age of artificial intelligence.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

Furthermore, the development and deployment of AI raise profound ethical dilemmas regarding accountability and control. Who should be held responsible when AI systems malfunction or make erroneous decisions with significant consequences? How can we ensure that AI aligns with human values and ethical principles? These questions underscore the importance of ethical frameworks and regulatory mechanisms to govern the development and use of AI technology responsibly.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

In conclusion, artificial intelligence holds immense promise as a transformative force for human society, offering solutions to complex problems and augmenting human capabilities. However, its rapid advancement also poses significant challenges and ethical dilemmas that demand careful consideration. As we navigate the evolving landscape of AI, it is imperative to strike a balance between innovation and responsibility, ensuring that AI serves the collective good while upholding fundamental human values and rights. Only through thoughtful reflection, ethical deliberation, and inclusive governance can we harness the full potential of artificial intelligence for the betterment of humanity.(Comprehensive Argumentative Essay Paper on Artificial Intelligence)

Owe, A., & Baum, S. D. (2021). Moral consideration of nonhumans in the ethics of artificial intelligence. AI and Ethics , 1 (4), 517-528. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lJxa2TEAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra

Heinrichs, B. (2022). Discrimination in the age of artificial intelligence. AI & society , 1-12. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-021-01192-2

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Artificial Intelligence Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on artificial intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence refers to the intelligence of machines. This is in contrast to the natural intelligence of humans and animals. With Artificial Intelligence, machines perform functions such as learning, planning, reasoning and problem-solving. Most noteworthy, Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence by machines. It is probably the fastest-growing development in the World of technology and innovation . Furthermore, many experts believe AI could solve major challenges and crisis situations.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

First of all, the categorization of Artificial Intelligence is into four types. Arend Hintze came up with this categorization. The categories are as follows:

Type 1: Reactive machines – These machines can react to situations. A famous example can be Deep Blue, the IBM chess program. Most noteworthy, the chess program won against Garry Kasparov , the popular chess legend. Furthermore, such machines lack memory. These machines certainly cannot use past experiences to inform future ones. It analyses all possible alternatives and chooses the best one.

Type 2: Limited memory – These AI systems are capable of using past experiences to inform future ones. A good example can be self-driving cars. Such cars have decision making systems . The car makes actions like changing lanes. Most noteworthy, these actions come from observations. There is no permanent storage of these observations.

Type 3: Theory of mind – This refers to understand others. Above all, this means to understand that others have their beliefs, intentions, desires, and opinions. However, this type of AI does not exist yet.

Type 4: Self-awareness – This is the highest and most sophisticated level of Artificial Intelligence. Such systems have a sense of self. Furthermore, they have awareness, consciousness, and emotions. Obviously, such type of technology does not yet exist. This technology would certainly be a revolution .

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Applications of Artificial Intelligence

First of all, AI has significant use in healthcare. Companies are trying to develop technologies for quick diagnosis. Artificial Intelligence would efficiently operate on patients without human supervision. Such technological surgeries are already taking place. Another excellent healthcare technology is IBM Watson.

Artificial Intelligence in business would significantly save time and effort. There is an application of robotic automation to human business tasks. Furthermore, Machine learning algorithms help in better serving customers. Chatbots provide immediate response and service to customers.

AI can greatly increase the rate of work in manufacturing. Manufacture of a huge number of products can take place with AI. Furthermore, the entire production process can take place without human intervention. Hence, a lot of time and effort is saved.

Artificial Intelligence has applications in various other fields. These fields can be military , law , video games , government, finance, automotive, audit, art, etc. Hence, it’s clear that AI has a massive amount of different applications.

To sum it up, Artificial Intelligence looks all set to be the future of the World. Experts believe AI would certainly become a part and parcel of human life soon. AI would completely change the way we view our World. With Artificial Intelligence, the future seems intriguing and exciting.

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208 Artificial Intelligence Essay Topics & Research Questions about AI

If you’re looking for interesting AI research questions or essay topics, you’ve come to the right place! In this list, we’ve compiled the latest trending essay topics on artificial intelligence, research questions, and project ideas. It doesn’t matter if you’re a high school student or a Ph.D. holder: here, you will find research questions about artificial intelligence for beginners as well as professionals.

🏆 Best Essay Topics on Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence Pros and Cons: Essay Sample
Artificial Intelligence and Unemployment
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Versus Human Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on the Future
Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Artificial Intelligence and Effects of Its Rise This work will address unemployment and humanity’s ethical dilemmas, conceived because of the rise of artificial intelligence as a globalization consequence.
Artificial Intelligence: Effects on Business Artificial intelligence is a wide range of technological advancements that deal with current and future effects on the business sector to enhance profitability.
Will Artificial Intelligence Replace Humans? The paper discusses whether artificial intelligence replaces humans. There is no single answer to the question because it affects several areas of human life.
Artificial Intelligence as a Potential Threat to Humanity Artificial intelligence (AI) demonstrates immense potential in terms of improving society as long it is developed and implemented properly.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Education System The paper analyzes how the education system can maximize the advantages of Artificial Intelligence. It compares the traditional education system.
Artificial Intelligence in the Labor Market The paper states that the continuous improvements in terms of developing artificial intelligence make render this technology close to reality.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Business The paper looks into the peculiarities of replacing human work with AI to define its potential for development and issues associated with such implementation.
Artificial Intelligence and Music The paper discusses use of Artificial Intelligence is rapidly expanding, with several innovative companies adopting it to create music.
Artificial Intelligence in Hospitality Industry The purpose of this paper is to explore the use application of AI in the hospitality industries. The paper focuses on the utilization of booking engines and hotel software systems.
Artificial Intelligence Economy This annotated bibliography aims to discuss seven articles devoted to the topic of the artificial intelligence economy.
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Pros & Cons Rapidly advancing artificial intelligence technologies are gradually changing health care practices and bring a paradigm shift to the medical system.
Game Playing in Artificial Intelligence The 9th of March, 2016, was a watershed moment in the development of artificial intelligence when the Go champion Lee Sedol was beaten by AlphaGo.
Technologies & Artificial Intelligence Challenges For innovative organizations, new technologies introduce not only benefits but also new challenges as the use of artificial intelligence (AI) changes the way organizations work.
Artificial Intelligence: Use and Potential Risks Automation and intelligent algorithms can significantly benefit business owners by inducing substantial savings.
Artificial Intelligence Threat for Employees The article “U.S. Lost Over 60 Million Jobs” published focuses on the ongoing unrest around the future of the job market and AI presence within.
The Promises and Perils of Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence is a powerful technology that can generate economic gains; therefore, it is critical to explore its prehistory and practical and ethical concerns.
The Fundamental Role of Artificial Intelligence in the IT Industry Artificial intelligence is aimed at machine learning and providing software to address the problems in a way similar to human intelligence.
AI In Accounting Essay Example Introducing artificial intelligence (AI) into accounting is viewed by many researchers as a promising practice, which has been the subject of numerous studies.
Artificial Intelligence in Self-Driving Cars The paper states that artificial intelligence in self-driving vehicles cannot conclude several favorable outcomes – or, the “least bad” effects.
Artificial Intelligence as an Enhancer of Human Abilities The paper states that using Artificial Intelligence to enhance human capabilities is a trending factor that is growing and receiving attention.
Artificial Intelligence in Supply Chain Management This paper establishes the benefits, opportunities, and challenges of adopting machine learning technologies in logistics to help SMEs boost their performance.
Helpmewrite.AI Software’s Business Feasibility The report offers research on Helpmewrite.ai software, which is a product that helps writers, lawyers, and paralegals to compose distinct legal pamphlets promptly.
Artificial Intelligence in the Hotel Industry The results of the analysis have shown that, overall, Artificial Intelligence proves to have a positive impact on the quality of hotel services and risk management.
The Dawn of Artificial Intelligence: Robots Robots were created by people to satisfy their large insatiable appetites. Such a sacrilegious act against the miracle of creation may cost a lot.
Artificial Intelligence: Ethical, Social, Legal Issues The field of artificial intelligence indeed brings numerous ethical, social, professional and legal issues; but are those so disturbing as some people claim?
Business Model Canvas and Artificial Intelligence The nine blocks in the business model canvas, which include vital partners, cost structure, and others in relation to AI, can be summarized to explain their role in business.
Artificial Intelligence in Accounting Artificial Intelligence is already replacing some accounting operations, and research indicates that automating these processes is a cost-effective option.
Could Artificial Intelligence ‘End Mankind’ or Is It All Alarmist Nonsense? The idea of AI ending humankind and leading to a global catastrophe does not represent modern reality accurately.
How AI and Machine Learning Influence Marketing in the Fashion Industry The study aims to determine if the perception of AI in fashion is a novel concept and whether it holds enough appeal to impact the purchasing decisions of fashion consumers.
Artificial Intelligence in Aviation and Human-Machine Interfaces The following study analyzes the research results to determine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on aviation.
E-Commerce: The Role of Artificial Intelligence Though the implementation of artificial intelligence within e-commerce continues to develop rapidly, there are several areas in which it affects the experiences of customers.
Algorithmic Bias of Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence is a rapidly developing technology which is already extensively utilized in different spheres, yet it has many considerable issues.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Future of Work Artificial intelligence is requested in the modern business world because it can lead to many positive outcomes when applied to employee monitoring.
Artificial Intelligence in Economics Currently, the amount of data available to businesses continues to grow at an exceptional rate due to the developments in artificial intelligence and big data.
Artificial Intelligence: Integrated in Healthcare This paper aims to talk about AI as an innovative idea that can be integrated into healthcare. It will detail the strategies used in executing AI.
Artificial Intelligence in the Oil and Gas Industry Construction, mining, and oil and gas companies are the latecomers in this digitalization, increasingly depending on AI and machine learning (ML) based solutions frenzy.
New Technology in the Air Cargo Industry: Artificial Intelligence The article “Transport logistic: Artificial Intelligence at Air cargo” discusses how artificial intelligence will revolutionize the air cargo industry.
Artificial Intelligence in Business Management The use of artificial intelligence in business management is a sound practice due to many benefits that this technology offers and an opportunity to secure operational controls.
Artificial Intelligence: Article Review Review of an article by Vinyals, Gaffney & Ewalds (2017) discussing the use of the StarCraft II video game as a platform for AI development and testing.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence Comparison AI performs many tasks that are impossible for humans to perform and can be equal to human tasks in interpreting CT scans, recognizing faces and voices, and playing games.
Artificial Intelligence as a Part of Imperialism: Challenges and Solutions Artificial intelligence is part of the process of imperialism, its offshoot, which is commonly called information imperialism.
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Impacts on Citizens The concept of artificial intelligence is complex and broad. However, researchers, theorists, and writers contribute to the creation of a clear and factual definition of this term in different ways.
Artificial Intelligence: Pros and Cons Artificial intelligence is definitely a huge step in global technological progress, and like any other technology, it can be both a weapon and a lifesaver.
Artificial Intelligence and Global Societal Issues Examination of the latest trends in the sphere of development of manufacturing processes indicates significant growth in the interest in artificial intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence Implementation in Accounting Processes Artificial intelligence seems to be a prospective technology, and its implementation in accounting processes is inevitable.
Companies’ Reputation and Artificial Intelligence This paper discusses companies’ reputations and whether artificial intelligence (AI) has the capacity to predict customer and competitor behavior.
Medical Innovations: 3D Bioprinting Artificial Intelligence This paper will discuss two medical technological innovations that are significant for the future of a medical organization and how different stakeholders could benefit from them.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Nursing The benefits of AI technologies include time and cost efficiency, as well as a high level of care consistency and comprehensiveness.
Using Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence in Critical Care Medicine Artificial Intelligence in critical care is helping to care for patients faster, supervise more patients, calculate the exact dosage for patients, and collect more detailed data.
AI Development, Unemployment, and Universal Basic Income The theme of AI-human relationships takes an important place in science fiction literature, movies, and video games, but it is not limited by them.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Usage in Modern Warfare and Healthcare This paper discusses the question of AI usage in modern warfare, and the usage of Artificial Intelligence used in healthcare in the current situation with the ongoing pandemic.
Artificial Intelligence and How It Affects Hospitality The main challenge in regards to Artificial Intelligence is its current state, which still requires extensive development in order for it to become practical and useful.
AI System in Smart Energy Consumption The primary aim of the paper is to expose the significant impacts of AI integration in intelligent energy consumption methods.
The Portrayal of Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence seems to be Frankenstein’s monster of the new age. Different sources provide significant insight into the portrayal of AI as monstrosity.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Fiction and Science Although there are numerous technological advancements, not many of them have caused such a tremendous controversy as artificial intelligence.
The Limits of Global Inclusion in AI (Artificial Intelligence) Development This article is devoted to the theme of the development and implementation of elements of artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of various countries.
AI in Customer Service: Argument Flaws Analyzing AI’s comprehensive functionality can provide sufficient arguments for a variety of options to implement to attract and retain customers.
Artificial Intelligence Bias and Ethical Algorithms The paper argues in order to solve the problem of lack of diversity and assessing human needs correctly, there is a need to implement better guidelines for Artificial Intelligence.
Fire Scene Investigation: Artificial Intelligence Each container should be labeled uniquely, including the investigator’s name, date and time, sample number, case number, and location of recovery.
Usage of AI and Robotics in Project Management Technological progress has allowed humanity to use the technologies they could not implement in the past centuries.
Blockchain and Other Artificial Intelligence Systems The project describes the basic features of blockchain and AI technologies, along with the possibilities for their future use in different spheres of human activity.
Artificial Intelligence Projects Failed The research paper provides a detailed worldwide timeline of artificial intelligence projects that were attempted and failed and the threats they have caused.
Artificial Intelligence in Medical Field The medical field constantly innovates and develops new technologies to improve patient care. Societies, in general, are significantly impacted by technological innovations.
Artificial Intelligence: Emergence of Employment Issues Artificial intelligence has become particularly widespread in the modern world, but there are significant controversies about the benefits of this technology in people’s lives.
Comparing Artificial Intelligence to Human Intelligence Intelligence is essential for humanity, as it can isolate important information from the environment and systematize it into knowledge used to solve specific problems.
Customer’s Brand Engagement: The Use of Artificial Intelligence Marketers are currently using artificial intelligence in marketing to automate procedures and provide clients with a distinctive brand experience.
Risks of Artificial Intelligence Data-Mining by Tech Corporations With the exponential advancement of Artificial Intelligence, the notion of data being valuable regarding marketability has permeated the cultural zeitgeist.
Integrated Apple Home-Based Artificial Intelligence System Integrated Apple Home-based Artificial Intelligence system is an artificial intelligence system that has been tailored to meet the end-users’ home needs.
The Turing Test and Development of Artificial Intelligence The Turing test is conducted with two people and a program, in which the program and one person communicate with a judge.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Business AI’s modern field came into being in the 1950s; still, decades were spent on making serious progress in the development of an AI system and turning it from a dream into a reality.
Artificial Intelligence, Insurtech, and Virtual Reality from a Market Perspective AI, Insurtech, and Virtual reality will be presented and discussed in relation to their impact on the market, as well as the disruptions and benefits they may cause.
Artificial Intelligence: Impact on Labor Workforce The development of artificial intelligence often affects drivers and retail workers, healthcare workers, lawyers, accountants, and financial professionals.
The Issue of Artificial Intelligence Integration in Private Health Sector It is possible to develop a particular insight into the perspectives of Artificial Intelligence integration in the private health sector.
What Will Happen When AI Picks Up Social Biases About Gender? Social biases on gender will not have room when Artificial Intelligence takes over and the systems are put into everyday life.
Enabling Successful AI Implementation in the Department of Defense This paper seeks to provide a summary and discuss three main points of the article “Enabling Successful AI Implementation in the Department of Defense.”
Marketing Artificial Intelligence Problems The alignment problem when applying artificial intelligence in marketing occurs when managers ask a question that does not align with the set objectives.
Can the World Have a Fair Artificial Intelligence? It is important to consider issues to do with AI because the matter has adverse effects on the depreciation of human labor, information protection, and manipulation of people.
AI-Improved Management Information System This paper evaluates a current management information system and directs on ways to improve it using artificial intelligence and machine learning.
Artificial Intelligence and the Labor Market This essay will argue that although the use of AI is a controversial issue, AI could be implemented positively, allowing the effective cooperation of people and robots.
Artificial Intelligence: Human Trust in Healthcare In the modern epoch of digitalization, artificial intelligence (AI) is widely utilized in education, transportation, media, banking, navigation, and healthcare.
Artificial Intelligence: The Monstrous Entity The conversation around the artificial intelligence as a monstrous entity can provide new perspectives for all discourse communities revolving around this topic.
Implementing Artificial Intelligence and Managing Change in Nursing This paper is going to talk about a planned change, namely the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in perception, thinking, planning, learning, etc.
AI and Transitional Management The article presented the two sides of artificial intelligence from an objective perspective since the general implementation of AI is almost inevitable.
Artificial Intelligence in Machinery This essay explores an operation case, discussing the tools in AI, particularly TensorFlow and Theano, and their implementation issues.
Artificial Intelligence and Related Ethical Concerns Technological progress allows people to use AI capabilities increasingly, but this concept is also related to many ethical issues about human rights.
Thinking Processes of Artificial Intelligence This essay will discuss the topic of artificial intelligence in whether artificial intelligence can be capable of thinking processes.
The Finance Portfolio Management: Impact of Artificial Intelligence Despite the existing limitations, various artificial intelligence applications can make portfolio management much more accessible.
AI, Human Control and Safety The given evaluative analysis will primarily focus on the topic of artificial intelligence, human control, and safety.
Artificial Intelligence: The Articles Review This paper presents the annotated bibliography dedicated the artificial intelligence technologies, their safety or harm to society.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Labor Market The document presents annotated article in question considers the impact the spread of artificial intelligence technology may have on the labor market.
How to Create a Fair Artificial Intelligence The current research aims to find possible ways to create a fair AI: exploring power concentration, mass manipulation, depreciation of human labor, and information protection.
Artificial Intelligence in Scientific and Fiction Works I decided to research what possible benefits can come from cooperation between scientists and science fiction writers regarding the negative image of artificial intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence: Advantages and Applications The advantages mentioned above introduce multiple opportunities for applying AI to acquire improved outcomes. Discussion of such applications.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Universal Basic Income Articles included in the annotated bibliography describe problems of Automation and the spread of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based technologies.
Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Ethical Risks Technological progress went far beyond our imagination, and Artificial Intelligence became an indispensable companion in everyday life.
AI and Hardware Integration in Business Work Processes AI-driven hardware within businesses has little competition as it is the leading tool for time-saving, cost-reduced, and efficient method processes.
Artificial Intelligence and Singularity Technological development will inevitably shift humanity’s future in a highly radical way. It is especially true in the case of artificial intelligence (AI).
Artificial Intelligence: Potential Problems and Threats Artificial intelligence can be used for unsuitable purposes, but this is not a scientific problem but rather a moral and ethical one.
Implementation of AI in Law Practice There are many benefits of AI application to large firms that have a lot of unprocessed data or smaller firms that do not have the staff to cover all the tasks.
AI: Agent Human Interactions In this case study a system that detects the status of the baby, that is, if the baby is awake, and it has an interface implemented with agent human interaction is considered.
Artificial Intelligence in Business Administration Changes The current state of AI technology does not allow launching ambitious projects that will completely change the way businesses operate.
Artificial Intelligence in the Working Process The purpose of this paper is to describe the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the job and its results. AI can do the job that was done by the employee for decades.
Artificial Intelligence. Unmanned Mission Communications Communication networks are essential in facilitating the operations of autonomous systems as they are used in monitoring, collecting data, and exploring hard-to-reach areas.
Artificial Intelligence: Its Potential and Use Artificial intelligence has been presented as a technology that will not replace human beings, but help them perform tasks better.
Artificial Intelligence: Science Fiction Novels Many writers created stories and novels in the science fiction genre in an attempt to predict how the life where robots are not just machines but equal members of society would be.
“Artificial Intelligence: A Competitive Advantage for the US Army” Review The document offers a substantial review of how the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) may become a crucial competitive advantage for the US military.
The Use of Starcraft II Video Games for AI Research The article is devoted to the rules for writing effective thesises, for each rule there are examples of good and bad writing.
AI and Machine Self-Learning Machine self-learning has become a perfect solution for complex business problems that cannot be solved by software engineering or human judgment.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Accounting The broad implementation of AI in such fields as accounting lays the ground for the drastic changes in management and methods that are utilized by specialists.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Health Care The use of AI has increased over the past decades, making it easier for researchers to investigate the most complicated issues.
Artificial Intelligence in Enterprise Processes AI affects ERP systems even though AI-driven solutions are not implemented by the majority of businesses. AI is integrated into ERP systems to increase customer satisfaction
Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and the Impact on Facilities’ Environments The use of AI and IoT is unlikely to replace facilities’ teams because the decision-making process still requires human input.
Artificial Intelligence and Ethical Implications If we create artificial intelligence based on human intelligence, some of the less needed qualities will be omitted during the process of abstraction.
Artificial Intelligence Through Human Inquiry Much about the possible uses of A.I. and its potential capacities and abilities remains uncertain, which raises many questions as to what the future of A.I. will hold for humans.
The Artificial Intelligence Machine AlphaGo Zero The selected technology is an artificial intelligence (AI) machine by the name of AlphaGo Zero. It is an evolution of previous well-known machines from the company Deep Mind.
Artificial Intelligence in Strategic Business Management Artificial intelligence basically refers to the intelligence that is created in the software or machines by mankind.
Regional Employment and Artificial Intelligence in Japan
Artificial Intelligence and the Human Race
Medicine and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applied at the Point of Care
Difference Between Artificial Intelligence and Human
The Four Debatable Viewpoints One May Have About Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Accounting
Rational Choice and Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics and Its Relation To Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Medicine
Privacy, Algorithms, and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence: Can Computers Think
Cognitive Science and Its Link to Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Replacing the Art of Traditional Selling
The Beauty and Danger of Artificial Intelligence
Digital Devices for Artificial Intelligence Applications
Artificial Intelligence and the Field of Robotics
Could Artificial Intelligence Replace Teachers
Artificial Intelligence and Neuromorphic Engineering
Artificial Intelligence Based Improvised Explosive Devices
Big Data Technologies and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Its Effects on Business
Modern Technology and Artificial Intelligence
Multilayered Perceptron and Artificial Intelligence
Distributed, Decentralized, and Democratized Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Video Games
Some Considerations About Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications
Comparing Human Intelligence With Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence During the World Today
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Human Rights
Economic Policy for Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence for Human Intelligence and Industrial
The Morality and Utility of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Behavioral Economics
Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Technologies
The Effects Artificial Intelligence Has Had on Society and Business
Marketing and Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Machines Automation
People Copy the Actions of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare in Africa
Healthcare System Using Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence for the Future Radiology Diagnostic Service
Artificial Intelligence and Marketing
Copyright Protection for Artificial Intelligence
The Potential and Future of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and the Human Mind
Expert Systems and Its Relationship With Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Its Effect on Mankind
The Nexus Between Artificial Intelligence and Economics
Artificial Intelligence, Based Training and Placement Management
Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Finance
The Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and the Legal Profession
Continual Learning: The Next Generation of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Its Uses
Regulation Within the Development of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science
Mysteries, Epistemological Modesty, and Artificial Intelligence in Surgery
Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Reasoning
Can Artificial Intelligence Become Smarter Than Humans?
Should Humanity Fear Advances in Artificial Intelligence?
How Does Artificial Intelligence Affect the Retail Industry?
What Are Some of the Ethical Challenges Posed by the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Hiring?
Does Artificial Intelligence Impact the Creative Industries?
Can Artificial Intelligence Change the Way in Which Companies Recruit, Train, Develop, and Manage Human Resources in Workplace?
Will Artificial Intelligence Defeat Human Intelligence?
How Can Artificial Intelligence Help Modern Society?
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What Role Will Artificial Intelligence Play in Human Affairs in the Next Few Decades?
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Will Artificial Intelligence Devices Become Human Best Friend?
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How Will Artificial Intelligence Impact the World?
Should People Develop Artificial Intelligence?
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What Can Artificial Intelligence Offer Coral Reef Managers?
How Will Artificial Intelligence Affect the Job Industry in the Future?
Should the Innovative Evolution of Artificial Intelligence be Regulated?
Will Artificial Intelligence Have a Progressive or Retrogressive Impact on Our Society?

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Artificial Intelligence Argumentative Essay

Some argue that artificial intelligence is playing positive role in our lives and has many benefits, such as increased efficiency, productivity, and convenience, while others think that it has negative consequences, like job displacement and ethical concerns. In this essay, you will see both sides of the arguments i.e. potential benefits and drawbacks of AI technology.

Introduction

What is AI? The computers and machines can do things that usually need human thinking, like learning, solving problems, and understanding language. It’s like how our brains work, but with machines. AI can learn from the experiences and get better at doing things on its own, and it’s used for robots, speech and image recognition, and even self-driving cars!

It is important in today’s world because it has the potential to transform industries, improve efficiency, and enhance decision-making across a wide range of fields. It is also seen as a key driver of economic growth and innovation in many countries.

The Pros of AI

Efficiency and productivity.

Since AI can process large amounts of data quickly and efficiently, therefore, this ability makes it a powerful tool for analyzing and deriving insights from large and complex datasets. It can identify patterns, correlations, and trends that might not be immediately apparent to humans. This ability to process data at large scale and high speed has significant implications for businesses, enable them to make faster and more informed decisions, improve customer experiences, and optimize operations.

AI has also capacity to process data has facilitated the development of technologies such as predictive analytics, natural language processing, and machine learning, which have opened up new possibilities in fields such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and many more.

Improved Safety and Security

Artificial Intelligence has revolutionized the way we approach security risks by offering advanced and intelligent monitoring systems. These systems can detect potential security threats through various mechanisms, including facial recognition, predictive analytics, and anomaly detection. It can also identify patterns and trends that humans might not be able to detect on their own because it can analyze data in real-time.

This capability has led to the development of improved surveillance systems that help prevent crimes and enhance transportation safety. By utilizing AI-powered monitoring, security personnel can quickly identify and respond to potential threats which makes it faster and more effective action in critical situations.

Healthcare Advancements

By analyzing the medical data, AI can detect potential diseases at an early stage. With different algorithms, AI can identify patterns and anomalies in medical images, lab reports, and patient records that might be missed by human doctors. This capability has led to improved medical diagnosis and treatment by enabling doctors to make faster and more accurate diagnoses, develop personalized treatment plans, and monitor patients’ health more effectively. AI-powered tools can also help identify new drug targets, design more effective clinical trials, and optimize healthcare delivery.

Environmental Impact

Artificial Intelligence can identify and mitigate environmental risks by providing intelligent monitoring and analysis of natural systems. For example, AI-powered tools can analyze satellite data to identify deforestation, track ocean currents to predict weather patterns, and monitor air quality to detect pollution hotspots. This ability to process large amounts of environmental data quickly and accurately can help decision-makers develop effective strategies for resource management and risk mitigation.

AI can also help improve resource management and reduce waste by optimizing supply chains, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing material waste. By leveraging AI to optimize production and distribution systems, companies can reduce their carbon footprint, minimize waste, and improve efficiency. For instance, AI-powered predictive maintenance systems can help identify equipment failures before they occur, minimizing downtime and reducing waste.

The Cons of AI

Job displacement.

Artificial Intelligence will also replace jobs in various industries by automating tasks that were previously performed by humans. While this can lead to increased efficiency and productivity, there are concerns that it may also contribute to income inequality and unemployment rates. As machines become more capable of performing tasks traditionally done by humans, there is a risk that jobs may disappear or become obsolete, particularly in industries with a high degree of routine work.

Privacy Concerns

AI’s ability to collect and analyze personal data has raised concerns over surveillance and potential misuse of personal information. As AI technologies become more sophisticated, they can gather vast amounts of data from individuals, such as their preferences, behavior, and location, leading to concerns over privacy and data protection. This has led to calls for stricter regulations to protect personal data and ensure that AI is used in an ethical and responsible manner.

Bias and Discrimination

Artificial Intelligence systems rely heavily on historical data to make predictions and decisions, which can lead to perpetuation of biases and discrimination. If historical data contains biases or reflects past discrimination, then the AI system may replicate those biases and perpetuate them. This has led to concerns over the ethical implications of AI decision-making, particularly in sensitive areas such as hiring, lending, and criminal justice. To address these concerns, researchers are exploring ways to mitigate bias in AI systems, such as by ensuring diversity in training data, auditing algorithms for bias, and developing explainable AI to increase transparency and accountability. It is important to ensure that AI is used in a fair and ethical manner to avoid perpetuating biases and discrimination.

Control and Safety Concerns

As AI systems become more advanced, there is a risk that they may become uncontrollable or dangerous, leading to potential risks to society. To mitigate these risks, there is a need for regulation and oversight of AI development and use. This can include measures such as ethical guidelines, safety standards, and transparency requirements to ensure that AI is developed and used in a responsible and safe manner. By balancing innovation and regulation, we can harness the potential of AI while minimizing potential risks to society.

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The Main Topics for Coursework or a Thesis Statement in Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the world, from machine learning and the Internet of Things to Robotics and Natural Language processing.

Research is needed to understand more about AI and how it will affect the future.

AI-powered machines are likely to replace humans in many fields and the consequences of this are still largely unknown.

There are many topics of vital importance to choose from if you’re a student trying to decide on a topic involving AI for your thesis.

Image source: Freepik.com

Machine learning (ML) as a Thesis Topic

Artificial intelligence enables machines to automatically learn a task from experience and improve performance without any human intervention.

Machines need high-quality data to start with. They are trained by building machine learning models using the data and different algorithms.

The algorithms depend on the type of data and the tasks that need automation.

A topic for your research could involve discussing wearable devices. They are powered by machine learning and are becoming increasingly popular.

You could discuss their relevance in fields like health and insurance as well as how they can help individuals to improve their daily routines and move towards a more healthy lifestyle.

Deep learning (DL) as a Thesis Topic

Deep Learning is a subset of ML where learning imitates the inner workings of the human brain. It uses artificial neural networks to process data and make decisions.

The web-like networks take a non-linear approach to processing data which is superior to traditional algorithms that take a linear approach.

Google’s RankBrain is an example of an artificial neural network.

Deep learning is driving many AI applications such as object recognition, playing computer games, controlling self-driving cars and language translation.

A research topic could involve discussing deep learning and its various applications.

Reinforcement learning (RL) as a Thesis Topic

Reinforcement learning is the closest form of learning to the way human beings learn. For instance, students learn from their mistakes and a process of trial-and-error.

There are many different ways to use AI in education to help students, such as using AI-powered tutors, customized learning and smart content.

RL works on a similar principle to learning from a process of trial-and-error. Google’s AlphaGo program beat the world champion of Go in 2017 by using RL.

Students who don’t yet have the skills to handle complex assignments can make use of various tools, writing apps and professional writers.

To find help with your student papers when you’re conducting research for a university, EduBirdie has free plagiarism checker and citations tools but professional writers who can take the pressure off you.

At U.K. EduBirdie , a professional thesis writer will finish your paper for you. It also offers editing and proofreading services at very reasonable prices.

Image source: Freepik.com

Natural language processing (NLP) as a Thesis Topic

This area of AI relates to how machines can learn to recognize and analyze human speech. Speech recognition, natural language translation and natural language generation are some of the areas of NLP.

With the help of NLP, systems can even read sentiment and predict which parts of the language are important. Revolutionary tools like IBM Watson, Google Translate, Speech Recognition and sentiment analysis show the importance of NLP in the daily lives of individuals.

NLP helps build intelligent systems, such as customer support applications like chatbots and AI in education is also a great example.

Chatbots use NLP and machine learning to interact with customers and solve their queries. Your research topic could relate to chatbots and their interaction with humans.

Computer vision (CV) as a Thesis Topic

Millions of images are uploaded daily on the internet. Computers are very good at certain tasks but they can struggle with simple tasks like being able to recognize and identify objects.

Computer vision is a field of AI that makes systems so smart that they can analyze and understand images. CV systems can even outperform humans now in some tasks like classifying visual objects.

One of the applications of computer vision is in autonomous vehicles that need to analyze images of surroundings in order to navigate.

A study topic could involve discussing computer vision and how using it allows smart systems to be built. Applications of computer vision could then be presented.

Recommender systems (RS) as a Thesis Topic

Recommender systems use algorithms to offer relevant suggestions to users. These may be suggestions on a TV show, a product, a service or even who to date.

You will receive many recommendations after you search for a particular product or browse a list of favorite movies. RS can base suggestions on your past behavior and past preferences, trends and the preferences of your peers.

A very relevant topic would be to explore the use of recommender systems in the field of e-commerce. Industry giants like Amazon are currently using recommender systems to help customers find the right products or services.

You could discuss their implementation and the type of results they bring to ecommerce businesses.

Robotics as a Thesis Topic

Robots can behave and perform the same actions as human beings, thanks to AI. They can act intelligently and even solve problems and learn in controlled environments.

For example, Kismet is a social interaction robot developed by MIT’s AI lab that can recognize human language and interact with humans.

Robots and AI are changing the way businesses work. Some people argue that this will have an adverse effect on humans as they are replaced by AI-powered machines.

A research topic could aim to understand to what extent businesses will be impacted by AI-powered machines and assess their future in different businesses.

There is an increase in the number of research papers being published in different areas of AI. If you’re a student wanting to come up with a topic involving artificial intelligence for your thesis, there are many vitally important sub-topics to choose from.

Each of these sub-topics provides plenty of opportunities for meaningful research into AI and new ideas on its application in the future as machines keep growing in intelligence.

About The Author

Paul Calderon

Paul Calderon is data security specialist working with a tech startup based in Silicon Valley. After work hours, he helps students studying for their computer science degrees or programming courses with essays, dissertations and term papers. When he isn’t doing any work, he likes playing tennis, cycling, and creating vlogs on local travel.

Artificial Intelligence: Pros and Cons

Categories: Artificial Intelligence

About this sample

Words: 639 |

Published: Sep 25, 2018

Words: 639 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

Should follow an “upside down” triangle format, meaning, the writer should start off broad and introduce the text and author or topic being discussed, and then get more specific to the thesis statement.

Cornerstone of the essay, presenting the central argument that will be elaborated upon and supported with evidence and analysis throughout the rest of the paper.

The topic sentence serves as the main point or focus of a paragraph in an essay, summarizing the key idea that will be discussed in that paragraph.

The body of each paragraph builds an argument in support of the topic sentence, citing information from sources as evidence.

After each piece of evidence is provided, the author should explain HOW and WHY the evidence supports the claim.

Should follow a right side up triangle format, meaning, specifics should be mentioned first such as restating the thesis, and then get more broad about the topic at hand. Lastly, leave the reader with something to think about and ponder once they are done reading.

This essay discusses the dual nature of Artificial Intelligence (AI), presenting both its advancements in fields like medicine and its risks, including job displacement and ethical issues. It emphasizes the importance of managing AI’s development to balance benefits and potential harms, portraying AI as a double-edged sword. For a deeper exploration of AI in educational contexts and its broader implications, examining AI tools for education can provide additional insights and resources on how AI technologies are shaping learning environments and their potential impacts on the educational field.

Hook Examples for Artificial Intelligence Essay

The Rise of Machine Minds: In today’s digital age, artificial intelligence is rapidly becoming a driving force in our lives. This essay explores the evolution of AI, from its early days to its current impact on industries, society, and beyond.
The Ethical Quandary: Artificial intelligence raises pressing ethical questions about autonomy, accountability, and bias. Join us as we delve into the ethical dilemmas surrounding AI and its potential consequences on humanity.
AI in Pop Culture: From sci-fi thrillers to virtual assistants, artificial intelligence has captured the imagination of pop culture. This essay explores the portrayal of AI in movies, literature, and media and its reflection of society’s hopes and fears.
Unlocking the Black Box: AI algorithms can be complex and opaque. In this essay, we’ll demystify the inner workings of AI, shedding light on how machine learning models are trained and how they make decisions.
The Future of Human-AI Collaboration: As AI continues to advance, the question isn’t whether it will replace humans but how it will augment our abilities. Explore the exciting possibilities of human-AI collaboration and the transformative impact it could have on our world.
Arthur Kiulian: “To stay competitive in the automation age, people should focus on skills and faculties that make them different from machines.” 8 Aug 2017
Glenn McDonald – Uber cars run red lights during unauthorized real-world testing 23 Mar 2017
Mark Gubrud – Why should we ban the autonomous weapons? 1 Jun 2016
Mike Fekety – These machines can be of use in overcoming the limitations that humans have. 11 Aug 2015

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Artificial Intelligence: Pros and Cons Essay

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Argumentative Essay on The Benefits Of Artificial Intelligence

Since the dawn of civilization, man has had a desire for a human-like creation that would assist him. Fueled by this desire, a generation of Hollywood movies were created featuring robot main characters equipped with artificial intelligence (AI). AI refers to the stimulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to act and think like humans. And despite the numerous claims of Hollywood, AI is not so outlandishly futuristic as these movies seem to imply; instead, we could soon be surrounded with AI that help us create a satisfying life for ourselves as well as others. AI is good for the world because they can help in the field of medicine and take over the potentially dangerous and dull jobs.

First, AI can assist doctors in the field of medicine by diagnosing a plethora of diseases and illnesses and treating them. According to the author of 'How AI is transforming the world', he says "AI tools are helpful because they 'predict in advance potential challenges ahead and allocate resources to patient education, sensing, and proactive interventions that keep patients out of the hospital.'" This shows that AI can predict and diagnose diseases that would normally take millions of dollars for humans to perform a procedure that would take much longer than the AI's path. This increased time could mean that the patients' illness could grow severe and be much more challenging for human doctors to treat alone. That is why, the author of 'How can Artificial Intelligence help healthcare' states, "All sorts of devices can be imbued with artificial intelligence to streamline diagnostics and ensure accuracy." This proves that AI will be able to assist doctors treat more patients quickly and accurately. This will also ensure that doctors are only needed for the larger and more intricate medical maneuvers, where the AI should be supervised and assisted by skilled doctors. This means that AI can be left to tend to more basic surgeries and other simple types of treatments. Therefore, AI can be used to help diagnose and treat possibly fatal diseases and illnesses with high accuracy and prevent the deaths of millions of people that were previously unable to be cured by doctors.

Secondly, AI can take over the repetitive and potentially hazardous jobs that humans often get bored of and some that they even risk their lives for. Sunil Kumar, the author of 'The Advantages and the Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence' reveals that, "We can overcome many risky limitations of humans by developing an AI Robot which in turn can do the risky things for us" This proves that when AI is sufficiently advanced, humans will not have to risk their lives when their expendable robot counterparts can do it for them. For example, if AI had existed in 1986, the nuclear power plant explosion known as Chernobyl could have been resolved faster if robots had been deployed to minimize the effects of the radiation by controlling the fire in its early stages. Be it exploring another planet, inspecting bridges, defusing bombs, mining in hazardous caves, and even combating and cleaning up natural and man-made disasters, artificial intelligence will be able to save numerous lives by taking over the risky jobs in modern society. In addition to saving lives, AI will also have the power to accept the dull and mind-numbing jobs that humans do not have to perform. The author of 'How Robots are Taking Over the Dirty, Dangerous, and Dull Jobs' says "Dull, low-interaction, high-repetition jobs require very little human thought. They often include processes that have a sole objective of efficiency and output. Robots can work around the clock to streamline dull jobs" Therefore, these dull and repetitive tasks do not have to performed by humans who could achieve much greater. If robots were to automate these jobs, humans could get a job that required critical thinking and exceptional cognitive abilities, which would be much more rewarding and satisfying than a job such as customer service. AI can take over perilous situations and monotonous assignments, relieving humans of the burden of constantly endangering themselves every day at work, and transforming unsatisfied workers into intelligent beings with marvelous lives.

Some might say that AI will have a huge price tag that comes along with all of its benefits for the world. However, according to Louis Columbus, "By 2035 AI technologies have the potential to increase productivity by 40%. AI will increase economic growth by an average of 1.7% across 16 industries by 2035." This reveals that AI will be 40% more productive than humans, allowing them to generate a much larger profit for companies. And that is only by 2035! In the long term, there is no telling how much the worldwide GDP will increase because of AI. And Sunil Kumar clearly states "An Average human will work for 4–6 hours a day excluding the breaks…But using AI we can make machines work 24x7 without any breaks and they don’t even get bored, unlike humans." Therefore, AI will be able to work for an impressive 168 hours to the measly 25 hours that humans currently spend working, excluding breaks. With this enormous productivity and revenue increase coming with AI, it will always outweigh the cost, especially as we develop simpler, more efficient, and ultimately cheaper forms of artificial intelligence.

There is no doubt that artificial intelligence will be a drastic change when it is sufficiently advanced to help us with our daily lives. However, until this inevitable future becomes a reality, humans are left to ponder the benefits of AI and the wonders it could do for modern society, as well as the potential disadvantages that come along with this amazing technology. Like all scientific advancements, AI has a beneficial and a harmful side. But with artificial intelligence enabling doctors to diagnose and treat the complex illnesses that affect masses, take over the monotonous and repetitive jobs that precious humans brains are wasted on, and save many more lives by taking on potentially hazardous and risky jobs, it is safe to say that the benefits of AI outweigh the risks.

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Artificial Intelligence Argumentative Essay – With Outline

Published by Boni on May 4, 2023 May 4, 2023

Artificial Intelligence Argumentative Essay Outline

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the rapidly developing fields and as its capabilities continue to expand, its potential impact on society has become a topic of intense debate. Different people have different views regqarding AI making this topic a bit challenging especially to students writing an argumentative essay on AI. However, with the help of a trustworthy research paper writing service , students can get guarentee themselves quality papers that will get them good grades.

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Topic: Artificial Intelligence Argumentative Essay

Introduction

Thesis: Artificial Intelligence cannot replace human intelligence no matter how sophisticated it may get.

Supporting arguments

Paragraph 1:

AI lacks emotional intelligence.

Emotional intelligence makes human beings perpetually relevant at work.
Humans are social animals and they feel emotionally connected to other people.
AI cannot imitate emotional intelligence.

Paragraph 2:

AI can only operate using the data it is given.

The machine is useless if the data entered into it does not include a new field of work.
AI does not automatically adapt to any circumstance.
AI cannot easily mimic the capacity of the human brain to analyze, develop, innovate, maneuver, and collect information.

Paragraph 3:

AI is limited by its coding and its inability to think creatively.

AI’s coding prevents them from coming up with original solutions to problems.
Robots are designed to operate within their constraints.
AI cannot analyze the context, consider complex events critically, or create intricate plans.

Paragraph 4:

AI lacks soft skills.

Soft skills are a must for every employee.
Soft skills are alien to artificially intelligent computers.
Humans have an advantage over AI in the workplace thanks to soft skills.

Paragraph 5:

AI is a creation of humans and it is humans that make it work.

Without human intelligence, artificial intelligence would not exist.
The lines of code that are used to create AI are written by humans.
Humans provide the data that AI machines use to operate.

Paragraph 6:

While humans can develop relationships, AI will never achieve that.

Relationships are the foundation of many things.
Humans have to communicate and work together with fellow humans.
Machines cannot understand this emotional aspect of human behavior.

Paragraph 7:

AI will never express empathy, whereas humans can.

Humans can express their emotions.
AI cannot read other people’s emotions and display expressions.
While AI-based devices can mimic human speech, they do not have empathy and the human touch.

Paragraph 8:

AI requires fact-checking.

AI chatbots often make mistakes and need human moderators.
While AI can learn incredibly quickly, it does not have common sense.
AI cannot reason and challenge the truth to the same extent that humans can.

Paragraph 9:

AI cannot replace important human skills like critical thinking, time management, interpersonal skills, and analytical skills.

Machines lack the human critical-thought ability.
Machines are not as good at setting priorities or managing their time as humans.
Machines lack the human ability to evaluate data and develop conclusions.

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Counterarguments and rebuttals

Paragraph 10:

Some people could argue that AI could soon catch up with and replace human intelligence.

This is becausemachines can now perform cognitively complicated tasks.
This could mean all work could be delegated to robots.
However, this is not true because AI lacks intuition, emotion, or cultural sensitivity.

Paragraph 11:

Some people also argue that AI will push people out of jobs in a few years to come.

AI use in the workplace is growing.
Many current positions will be replaced by AI.
However, the kind of work that AI can perform is often repetitious needing less sophisticated reasoning.
AI will never replace human intelligence or humans in the workplace.
Human intelligence is still far much superior to what AI can accomplish.
AI’s abilities will enhance humanity rather than replace it.
As AI technology advances, more jobs may be created.

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Artificial Intelligence Argumentative Essay

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the kind of intelligence displayed by machines. It is the capacity of a machine, specifically a computer, to replicate mental functions. The natural intelligence of people is in contrast to artificial intelligence. Numerous technologies are being created to educate computer systems on how to plan, understand, learn from experience, recognize objects, make judgments, and solve issues. Machines can carry out human-like tasks like driving a car or having a conversation by mimicking these abilities. AI has ingrained itself into humans’ daily lives and is here to stay. It is working alongside humans to efficiently and quickly meet societal needs, which is having a significant, beneficial impact on numerous industries and people’s lives. Some people feel that AI has become so efficient that it could replace humans in the future. However, Artificial Intelligence cannot replace human intelligence no matter how sophisticated it may get.

AI cannot replace human intelligence because it lacks emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is one distinctive quality that makes human beings perpetually relevant at work. The value of emotional intelligence in the workplace, particularly when working with clients, cannot be overstated. Humans are social animals, and one fundamental, indisputable desire that they have is to feel emotionally connected to other people. While AI tries to imitate human intelligence, emotional intelligence is more difficult to mimic than intellectual intelligence (Oluwaniyi, 2023). This is because emotional intelligence requires empathy and a profound understanding of the human condition, particularly suffering and pain (Oluwaniyi, 2023). AI is incapable of experiencing these feelings. Smart corporate executives and entrepreneurs are aware of the value of appealing to the emotions of their personnel and customers. Such degrees of human connection is impossible for machines to accomplish, but there are techniques for humans to develop their emotional intelligence. Systems with artificial intelligence are quick, logical, and precise. However, they lack intuition, empathy, and cultural awareness (Prajapat, 2022). It is these abilities that make humans more effective. Only a human being can read a person’s facial expression and know just what to say.

In the same breath, AI is only able to operate using the data it is given. Anything beyond that would be asking too much of it, and machines are not made that way. Therefore, the machine is useless if the data entered into it does not include a new field of work or if its algorithm does not account for unexpected events. These circumstances are frequent in the manufacturing and tech sectors, and AI builders are continuously looking for interim solutions (Oluwaniyi, 2023). One of the many prevalent misconceptions about artificial intelligence is the notion that technologies will automatically adapt to any circumstance. It follows that AI will never permeate every industry and reduce the need for human professional expertise (Oluwaniyi, 2023). AI cannot easily mimic human reasoning or the capacity of the human brain to analyze, develop, innovate, maneuver, and collect information.

AI is also limited by its coding and its inability to think creatively. AI’s coding prevents them from coming up with original solutions to a variety of developing issues. Robots are designed to operate within their constraints (Prajapat, 2022). A machine could think for itself someday. However, that will not happen anytime soon in the real world. Artificial intelligence cannot analyze the context, consider complex events critically, or create intricate plans (Prajapat, 2022). Teams and organizations connect with the outside world regularly. However, AI can only process information that has already been input into its system. It cannot account for the influence from outside, unlike humans. In real work environments, it is important to have the flexibility to distill a vision and plan while coping with abrupt changes and skewed information sharing (Prajapat, 2022). Human intuition, a crucial component of daily work, especially for high-level executives, drives this skill.

Further, AI lacks soft skills. In the workplace, soft skills are a must for every employee. To name just a few, they include collaboration, focus on detail, creative and critical thinking, excellent communication skills, and interpersonal skills (Larson, 2021). Every industry needs these soft skills, so one must acquire them if one wants to thrive in one’s career. These are skills that humans learn and are expected to have. Learning them is beneficial for everybody, regardless of position. Both business leaders and a group of field personnel in any industry depend on these skills to succeed. Consequently, humans have an advantage over AI in the workplace thanks to soft skills. Soft skills, however, are alien to artificially intelligent computers. These soft skills are essential for professional development and progress, but AI cannot create them (Larson, 2021). Higher levels of emotional intelligence and thinking are needed to develop the skills.

Additionally, it is general knowledge that AI is a creation of humans and it is humans that make it work. Without human intelligence, artificial intelligence would not exist. Artificial intelligence is intelligence created by humans. The lines of code that are used to create AI are written by humans. Humans provide the data that AI machines use to operate (Larson, 2021). Humans are also the ones who operate these machines. Human services will become more and more in demand as AI applications expand. These machines need to be built, run, and maintained by someone who also designs the AI systems (Larson, 2021). This can only be done by humans. These facts give one the confidence to refute any theories that AI will replace human intelligence.

Furthermore, while humans can develop relationships, AI will never achieve that. Relationships are the foundation of many things. Humans have to communicate and work together with fellow humans. Additionally, many people do better individually when working in teams. On the same note, teams produce better and more inventive results, according to numerous studies (Prajapat, 2022). The most crucial component of employee engagement is an emotional commitment and ties with teammates, which demonstrate how much humans care about their work and the organizations they work for. Because people prefer to work with like-minded individuals, relationships also aid in locating partners and clients (Prajapat, 2022). However, machines are unable to understand this emotional aspect of human behavior.

In addition, AI will never express empathy, whereas humans can. Humans can express their emotions, including joy, satisfaction, grief, thanksgiving, hope, goodness, and optimism (Prajapat, 2022). There are a virtually infinite number of different emotions that humans can feel and let out. Furthermore, it is impossible to imagine AI being able to read others’ emotions and display all expressions better than a human being can. Several work situations call for the establishment of trust and human-to-human connections in order to get workers to relax, open up, and communicate about themselves (Prajapat, 2022). While AI-based devices can mimic human speech, they do not have empathy and the human touch.

AI also falls short of the human intelligence level in that it requires fact-checking. The fact that AI chatbots, such as ChatGPT, often make mistakes and need human moderators to double-check their facts is a major issue. While AI can learn incredibly quickly, it does not have common sense and is simply unable to reason and challenge the truth to the same extent that humans can (Oluwaniyi, 2023). This is why technology users should probably refrain from asking AI chatbots certain questions. The lesson here is that fact-checking will probably become a serious career in the future since artificial intelligence cannot regulate itself and requires external supervision (Oluwaniyi, 2023). One might want to hone their research skills in the interim in anticipation of this potential future career path.

Further, AI cannot replace such important human skills as critical thinking, time management, interpersonal skills, and analytical skills. Machines are quite good at analyzing data, but they lack the human critical-thought ability. It is a skill that is required in many professions, such as commerce, law, and medicine. On the same note, while machines are capable of performing tasks quickly and efficiently, they are not as good at setting priorities or managing their time as humans are (Cremer, 2020). Time management is essential in many different industries, including healthcare, education, and project management. Similarly, interpersonal skills, such as dispute resolution, active listening, and empathy enable humans to develop important connections and interactions with fellow humans. These skills are required for many different professions, including human resource management, social work, and counseling. On another note, machines can analyze data and provide recommendations, but they do not have the human ability to evaluate the data and develop conclusions (Cremer, 2020). Analytical skills are essential in many different disciplines, including finance, engineering, and science.

Some people could argue that with the rate at which AI is evolving, it could soon catch up with and replace human intelligence. The practice of humans outsourcing their work to machines began with routine, repetitive physical jobs such as weaving. Machines have advanced to the point where they can now perform tasks that could be considered cognitively complicated, such as solving mathematical equations, understanding speech and language, and writing. So, it appears that machines are prepared to duplicate not just human physical work but also human’s mental work. In the twenty-first century, AI is improving to the point that it can perform many activities better than humans, making humans appear ready to delegate their intelligence to machines (Cremer & Kasparov, 2021). With this most recent trend, it appears as though everything will soon be automatable, which means that no work will be immune from being delegated to robots. This picture of the future of labor resembles a zero-sum contest in which there can be only one victor. However, this interpretation of how AI will affect the workplace is misleading. The contention of whether AI will replace human employees assumes that the two species share the same attributes and skills, yet this is untrue. AI-based systems are quicker, more precise, and always rational, but they lack intuition, emotion, or cultural sensitivity (Cremer & Kasparov, 2021). It is precisely these skills that humans have, which make them superior to machines.

Some people also argue that since AI may outperform humans in many different aspects, it will push people out of jobs in a few years to come. For instance, according to Larkin (2022), over 67 percent of American workers believe robots will take their jobs within fifty years. The use of artificial intelligence applications in the workplace is growing, and many current positions will be replaced by them. However, the kind of work that such applications can perform, is often repetitious ones needing less sophisticated reasoning. As the world transitions to a more connected information and communication technology ecosystem, new positions for people will also be created by changing workplace demands. According to an analysis by the World Economic Forum, while machines using AI will displace roughly 85 million jobs in 2025, AI will also create about 97 million new employment positions in the same year (“The Future of Jobs Report 2020,” 2020). Thus, the concern should be how humans can collaborate with AI rather than having it replace them. This is what people should concentrate on. Because, it will be difficult, even impossible, to survive in the modern era without AI. Similarly, AI will not survive without the input of humans.

No matter the level to which AI may advance, it will not replace human intelligence nor will it replace humans at the workplace. The human-like intelligence is still very distant from what the world’s AI technology can accomplish. Despite all the concerns, the majority of AI machines are built to be exceptionally good at tackling a specific problem in the setting of a certain data system. On the other hand, human imagination, wisdom, and contextual knowledge are essential to the success of AI. This is due to the straightforward fact that people will always be able to provide value that robots cannot. Thus, it can be summed up that AI’s abilities will enhance humanity rather than replace it. Because of this, top-tier and progressive firms have begun implementing AI to improve their experiences, productivity, and organizational agility. Overall, it can be seen that as AI technology advances, more jobs may be created.

Cremer, D. (2020). Leadership by algorithm: Who leads and who follows in the AI era? Harriman House.

Cremer, D., & Kasparov, G. (2021, March 18). AI should augment human intelligence, not replace it . Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2021/03/ai-should-augment-human-intelligence-not-replace-it

Larkin, C. (2022, September 27). AI won’t replace human intuition . Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2022/09/27/ai-wont-replace-human-intuition/?sh=7f25bf1267bf

Larson, E. J. (2021). The myth of artificial intelligence: Why computers can’t think the way we do . Harvard University Press.

Oluwaniyi, R. (2023, March 15). 7 reasons why artificial intelligence can’t replace humans at work . MUO. https://www.makeuseof.com/reasons-artificial-intelligence-cant-replace-humans/#:~:text=Regardless%20of%20how%20well%20AI,is%20vital%20for%20business%20growth .

Prajapat, J. (2022, May 17). Why A.I. artificial intelligence can’t replace humans? LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-ai-artificial-intelligence-cant-replace-humans-jitendra-prajapat/?trk=pulse-article_more-articles_related-content-card

The Future of Jobs Report 2020 . (2020, October 20). World Economic Forum. Retrieved May 2, 2023, from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020/in-full/executive-summary

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The case for global governance of AI: arguments, counter-arguments, and challenges ahead

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Published: 02 May 2024

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It is increasingly recognized that as artificial intelligence becomes more powerful and pervasive in society and creates risks and ethical issues that cross borders, a global approach is needed for the governance of these risks. But why, exactly, do we need this and what does that mean? In this Open Forum paper, author argues for global governance of AI for moral reasons but also outlines the governance challenges that this project raises.

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Recently there have been more calls for a global approach to the governance of AI across international organizations, industry, and academia. The UN’s Secretary-General and his Envoy on Technology, for example, have called for globally coordinated AI governance as ‘the only way to harness AI for humanity while addressing its risks and uncertainties’. Footnote 1 Earlier a Resolution adopted by the UN’s General Assembly called for improving digital cooperation and deliberation using the UN as a platform for stakeholders, Footnote 2 thus preparing work on global governance. In September, the G20 leaders called in New Delhi for global governance for AI to harness AI for ‘Good and for All’. Footnote 3 OpenAI CEO Sam Altman called for coordinated international regulation of generative AI. Footnote 4 And while still relatively rare, several academics have discussed how to achieve global governance of AI, often calling for new policies and new institutions (Erman and Furendal 2022 ; Dafoe 2018 ) and recognizing existing and emerging initiatives and regimes (Schmitt 2022 ; Butcher and Beridze 2019 ; Veale et al. 2023 ), also from non-governmental and non-profit directions. For example, next to the AI for Good summits Footnote 5 that have discussed how AI can contribute to solving global, the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has its Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems Footnote 6 and in May 2021, the International Congress for the Governance of AI (ICGAI) held its first conference in Prague. Footnote 7

But why, exactly, is global governance needed, and what form can and should it take?

The main argument for the global governance of AI, which is also applicable to digital technologies in general, is essentially a moral one: as AI technologies become increasingly powerful and influential, we have the moral responsibility to ensure that it benefits humanity as a whole and that we deal with the global risks and the ethical and societal issues that arise from the technology, including privacy issues, security and military uses, bias and fairness, responsibility attribution, transparency, job displacement, safety, manipulation, and AI’s environmental impact. Since the effects of AI cross borders, so the argument continues, global cooperation and global governance are the only means to fully and effectively exercise that moral responsibility and ensure responsible innovation and use of technology to increase the well-being for all and preserve peace; national regulation is not sufficient.

Some might add that the alternative to global governance is a race to the bottom: a kind of Hobbesian situation in which nations engage in a competitive race without heeding ethical standards, safety, and accountability, resulting in widespread injustice and inequality, displacement, security problems, power concentration, and perhaps even totalitarianism. Just as Hobbes thought that individuals left to themselves and not ruled by a state authority would render the life of individuals nasty, brutish, and short, one could argue that nation states left without global governance would result in a global disastrous situation where only some nations and their citizens benefit from the technology and others suffer. A global authority that reigns in the power of the individual nation states could solve this situation. A similar Hobbesian argument can and has been made regarding the climate crisis and other global challenges (Saetra 2022 ).

The Hobbesian for of the global governance of AI argument is not absolutely necessary, at least not in that form. Without world government, one could argue, the situation might not be as bleak as sketched here. There is already regulation at national and even supranational level. The EU, for example, will implement its AI Act, Biden recently issued an Executive Order to create A.I. safeguards, Footnote 8 and China has published rules for generative AI. Footnote 9 However, while this objection defuses the specific Hobbesian view, it does not undermine the general moral argument for global governance of AI: with national regulation in place in some countries, the world might get less nasty for some (e.g., for EU citizens), but such islands of regulation do not benefit those who do not have the luck to live in these parts of the world. In other words, even without a race to the bottom everywhere and for everyone, the general argument still holds. For sake of justice, equality, and inclusion, we need a global governance framework, regardless of national regulation.

Sometimes the argument is made that AI will accelerate and that we need global governance given the risks of AGI (Artificial General Artificial Intelligence)—intelligence comparable to human intelligence—or superintelligence. It is argued that AGI might be in charge of global governance or may lead to (other) global existential risks. Sam Altman and Geoffrey Hinton, for instance, hold this view. Footnote 10 Mitigating such risks, including risk of extinction from AI, is then a reason for global governance. While neither the acceleration thesis nor this view concerning the existential risks of AGI are shared by everyone in the scientific community, they have received increasing attention and are currently influencing AI policy—not only in the US but also in the EU, for example. I am very concerned about this development, if only since it contributes to increased power of people like Altman: they do not only create the problem but also claim to sell the solution, which gives them a unique undemocratic position of power. However, regardless of one’s view on these matters, it is important to see that the world governance of AI argument does not depend on it. Just as a specific Hobbesian version is not necessary, a specific AGI version of the argument is also not necessary for it to work. Even without the supposed risks that might be created by AGI (if such a thing would ever exist), there are sufficient risks left and there is sufficient moral reason to mitigate them. Not believing in the possibility of AGI or in the acceleration thesis is not an excuse to reject global governance of AI.

A more challenging range of counter-arguments, however, has to do with the precise form global governance of AI can and should take. These counter-arguments point to important challenges for those who support this project and wish to implement it, and deserve careful consideration.

A first objection is that global governance is undemocratic. Here the assumption is that global governance means establishing a world government and that a world government is necessarily undemocratic. But these assumptions do not hold. Global governance can in principle be organized in a (more) democratic way, for instance, more democratic than currently the UN works, and there is no obvious reason why world governance should be organized along the lines of the nation state (or any particular nation state for that matter). If we can find a way to do this differently but still establishing sufficient authority then let us do that. In the history of politics and political theory, it has always been a challenge to combine legitimacy and authority; this is not different in this case. Supporters of global governance of AI, therefore, can (and do) argue that they want a multistakeholder approach and want inclusivity and participation not only in terms of AI ethics but also when it comes to the global governance process. For example, the UN has recently established a multistakeholder advisory body on AI. Footnote 11 While this is arguably not democratic enough since it is composed of a rather selective membership, there is a growing awareness of the need for inclusivity and democratisation. Moreover, global agencies and (other) authorities are just one form global governance can take; there are also councils, international agreements, and other instruments of global governance. That being said, how to organize global governance remains a challenge and requires much more research and innovation efforts. Unfortunately, usually the degree and pace of institutional and political innovation does not match the speed of technological development. This needs to change. Institutions needed to be created that can respond faster to technological developments.

Another objection is that global governance of AI is unrealistic and too idealistic: that nation states are not, and will not be, willing to give up national sovereignty and delegate power to a global governance entity or framework, and that even if they would do so, it would be difficult to enforce anything since they would anyway do what they want. This objection can have two faces: a normative and a descriptive one. If the point is that we should not delegate this to supranational governance then one can reply with the moral imperative that we should do something about the risks and ethical problems; in other words, one can reiterate the main argument. If the point is that, as a matter-of-fact, nations are not and would not be willing to do this; one could point to existing global governance in other technological areas such as aviation and nuclear technology, and point to current and emerging initiatives that get the support of nation states. For example, those who argue for global regulation of AI often refer to the current nuclear governance model. Altman has used the analogy and UN Secretary Antonio Guterres has proposed the establishment of an international AI agency akin to the International Atomic Energy Agency. Footnote 12 While there are good reasons to be sceptical about the comparison between AI and nuclear weapons (Does AI pose existential risk similar to nuclear weapons, if it poses an existential risk at all? Does this distract us from real and known risks? And are nuclear weapons not easier to control given that they need specific resources? Footnote 13 ), the example shows that it is not only desirable but also possible to reach agreements about global regulation of technology. The UN’s history when it comes to nuclear, aviation, and indeed climate change (Guterres also referred to the IPCC) shows that it is perfectly possible to come to new rules, treaties, and agencies at a global level in response to global threats.

A third potential weakness of the argument concerns, surprisingly perhaps, its moral component. The argument seems to assume that we all agree on AI ethics. But, so this objection goes, apart from nations having different interests (a point that is somewhat covered in the previous paragraph), they might also have different values. Given cultural diversity across the world, so it is argued, it is unlikely that nations might agree on a global governance framework. In response, one may point again to the fact that this has so far not been a barrier for international cooperation and global governance. Consider for instance human rights frameworks and their supranational institutions at UN and EU level, which despite being subject to decades of philosophical criticism that stresses difference and diversity, have been at least partly successful as a form of global governance by focusing on what we have in common as humans. And currently there seems consensus rather than divergence within the AI ethics community. Even if there is valid criticism that points to the danger of neo-colonialism and hegemony, ethical frameworks in this area look surprisingly similar and seem to have found some kind of pool of shared values. Consider for example UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, which lists a number of such values. Footnote 14 Moreover, from a philosophical point of view, it can be argued—as is done in the case of human rights for example—that while it is important to respect diversity and difference, humans also share a lot of needs, interests, and values, regardless their differences in terms of citizenship, culture, and identity. In other words, it is both possible and desirable to establish a global ethics, including a global AI ethics. Yet the objection does help to create sensitivity and awareness of the importance of respect for diversity and in this context must be seen as a call for creating global governance of AI in a global-inclusive way—for example, in a way that includes the Global South—and in a way that avoids the instalment of (another?) unjust and hegemonic regime. Global governance of AI can only succeed if it has broad global support across cultures and continents and takes into account all these values and interests.

Finally, there might be the worry that global governance of AI might hinder technological innovation. For example, in the process towards the E.U.’s AI Act, OpenAI and other big tech companies have expressed concerns about this Footnote 15 ; similar concerns exist concerning global governance of AI. But this is a familiar discussion also at the national level, and is not as such a good objection to global governance. What I currently see is that the tech industry itself also calls for regulation of AI, both at national level and at global level. The argument, I guess, is that innovation can only succeed if there is a regulative framework that brings more certainty and stability in this turbulent policy area, and that makes sure that the technology can be used and developed in a safe and ethical way. It is in the long-term interest of innovation and business that there is a robust and integrated global governance framework. The extent and nature of that framework may be under discussion—as it should be—and that discussion may well have to include this concern about protecting innovation, but this can hardly be an argument against a global approach. At most, it signals that there are of course power interests at play here, also at the global level. Big tech companies risk to monopolize both the development and the regulation of AI, at least those AI systems that are currently most successful and pervasive. The global governance of AI project questions this monopoly and rightly asks these companies to share the responsibility for better AI and a better world with global frameworks and global institutions that represent and protect citizens and their communities and cultures. How they can and should do this is a huge challenge, but this problem should not justify halting efforts towards more global governance of AI.

In conclusion, here is a good argument for global governance of AI, based on moral reasons and aimed at avoiding a situation in which only some citizens and countries benefit from AI whereas others have to deal with most of the risks and ethical issues. Objections that the global governance of AI project would necessarily be undemocratic, unrealistic, not respecting diversity, and hindering innovation, can be countered. Nevertheless, these objections point to challenging issues that the UN and other actors in this global policy arena will have to deal with in the coming years when trying to build this global governance framework. More research in this area is urgently required to support these efforts.

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https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N20/248/80/PDF/N2024880.pdf?OpenElement .

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Coeckelbergh, M. The case for global governance of AI: arguments, counter-arguments, and challenges ahead. AI & Soc (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-024-01949-5

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Is AI a threat to humanity? Why there is reason to worry

Opinion: why are so many experts suddenly worried whether artificial intelligence will kill us all let's walk through the basics of ai to find out..

Concerns over smart computers are nothing new, so why are so many experts suddenly wondering whether artificial intelligence will kill us all? Are we really at risk of extinction from robots?

As far-fetched as it may sound, these are reasonable questions, and they’re not the only ones.

Let’s deal with some of them.

Is AI a real threat?

It’s real. Computers are learning faster and faster each time anyone uses them. Geoffrey Hinton, the “Godfather of AI,” said as much when he resigned from Google recently.

“Look at how it was five years ago and how it is now,” Hinton said , speaking to The New York Times. “Take the difference and propagate it forwards. That’s scary.”

How quickly is AI growing?

Sticking with the 75-year-old Hinton, who now says, in effect, that he regrets his life’s work, computer intelligence is growing exponentially.

Computers, Hinton said , speaking to BBC News, “can learn separately but share their knowledge instantly. So, it’s as if you had 10,000 people and whenever one person learned something, everybody automatically knew it.”

Now, imagine if they all decide that humans are an existential threat to the planet, and therefore to the computers, themselves.

How long would it take for computers to shut down the technology that powers global finance or food manufacturing or medicine?

Scary, indeed.

What is AI? Is it like the movies?

That depends on the movie.

The character “Data” from Star Trek was certainly a best-case scenario. He always viewed himself (or “it” always viewed “itself”?) as something less than human, but strived to achieve humanity as an ideal, going so far as to own a pet and learn classical music.

But that character is the outlier in science fiction.

There was HAL in the 1968 film “2001: A Space Odyssey.” There was “The Terminator” franchise that started in 1984 with Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Will Smith fought a sentient machine in 2004’s “I, Robot.” Four years later, Disney-Pixar gave us “WALL-E.”

All of these examples are quite grim.

What is AI used for?

AI is everywhere. It’s probably in your pocket or your hand as you read these words.

Each time you send a text message, your smart phone predicts the next word you plan to type.

Each time you look for a Netflix show or YouTube video to watch, an algorithm predicts what you might want to watch next.

No lines, scanning: Tempe Circle K uses AI for checkout

Each time you use a tool like Google Translate, the language tools get more and more functional.

These are examples of AI that rob us of the opportunities for serendipitous discovery that we used to have whenever we walked into a video store to rent a movie or met a stranger on a trip abroad.

And it’s expanding every day.

The search engine Bing now uses a “chatbot,” essentially a computer program that communicates with us in our preferred language instead of an actual human.

Such bots are employed by countless companies to reduce the cost of labor.

Where else is AI used?

Students are using programs such as Chat GPT , which launched late last year, to write term papers.

Walmart is using AI to negotiate with suppliers.

And JP Morgan is developing an AI tool to provide financial advice.

How is AI bad?

Great question. Are students who use chatbots to write term papers “cheating”? Maybe.

Or maybe they’re just using a modern-era version of CliffsNotes. Maybe they’re displaying technical acumen that will help them far more in the future than anything they might have memorized in the classroom.

Maybe Walmart is creating savings that can be passed along to the consumer.

Maybe taking human bias out of investment strategy is a good thing.

But does it feel like that in your gut?

Do you really think there’s no value to a student analyzing Shakespeare, which could lead to empathy and understanding of the human condition?

Do you really think the honchos at Walmart will reduce the price of a gallon of milk instead of putting that money in their pockets?

Do you think any small or minority-owned business stands a chance for getting a loan when computers analyze previous decisions to make new decisions?

Because I don’t.

Sounds grim when you put it that way.

Understand, I grew up in Detroit in the ’90s.

The auto industry had collapsed and a lot of the people I grew up around blamed robots for taking their jobs.

Now, imagine the entire nation goes from Detroit in the ’50s and ’60s to Detroit in the ’90s and 2000s, and you’ll get a better sense of my concern.

C’mon, there’s got to be a benefit to AI.

I guess, but does the benefit outweigh the concerns?

Make no mistake, AI can be fun. Computers are creating images of presidents with mullets. And AI has been used to have the rapper Biggie Smalls recite Tupac Shakur lyrics.

See? It’s not all doom and gloom.

If you say so. For me, I’m reminded of the old Jeff Goldblum line from “Jurassic Park”: “Your scientists were so preoccupied with whether they could, they didn’t stop to think if they should.”

An organization called the Center for AI Safety has released a statement warning that “mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks such as pandemic and nuclear war.”

The letter was signed by some of the bosses associated with Microsoft and Google.

If they’re worried, we should be worried.

That said, you can’t put the toothpaste back in the tube.

AI is here, but lawmakers and executives need to be responsible with how they allow it to be deployed and how they manage the technology for national security.

Don’t forget, at this point, AI is still more of a tool than a self-guided force.

That means we don’t need to worry about bots deciding that humans aren’t good for the planet as much as we need to worry about China, Russia, Iran or North Korea making the same determination about the U.S. and using AI to accomplish their goals.

Reach Moore at [email protected] or 602-444-2236. Follow him on Instagram and Twitter @SayingMoore .

Artificial Intelligence Advantages and Disadvantages Essay

History of artificial intelligence, current ai uses, future of ai, artificial intelligence opinion piece, works cited.

A defining characteristic of the last century has been the numerous significant technological advancements made. Most of these advances were facilitated by the invention of the computer, making computer science a critical discipline in modern times. One fascinating and promising branch of computer science is Artificial Intelligence (AI).

This is an interdisciplinary branch of the science that borrows from a wide range of fields including cognitive psychology, engineering, mathematics, linguistics, and philosophy. The field aims at exploring and developing ways in which computer systems can be made to act in a manner that human beings recognize as “intelligent”.

The term “artificial intelligence” was coined in 1956 following concerted interest by scientists from various backgrounds on symbolic processing and computer simulation of human behavior (Palmer 2). While AI as a discipline began in the mid-1950s, its foundations were laid earlier on by a number of prominent British scientists. The 19th century British mathematician Charles Babbage formulated the first computing engine, which served as the precursor of the modern digital computer.

The 19th century Mathematician-logician George Boole invented Boolean algebra, which was used in the operation of digital computer. Last and most important was the British logician-mathematician, Alan Turin, who proposed computer programs based upon logical operators. The proposed machines were capable of interacting and manipulating symbols that included natural language. Palmer reveals that from Turin’s idea or a universal programmable computer, the ideal of AI arose (2).

The initial goals of AI researchers were very ambitious. In the early years of the field, AI scientists sort to fully duplicate the human capacities of thought and language on the digital computer (Palmer 2). Some of the researchers involved in AI projects went so far as to claim that a complete theory of intelligence would be achieved by the late 1960s.

As it turned out, the AI programs did not achieve the momentous results promised. The initial efforts led to the successful design of programs that could prove theorems in symbolic logic. However, the projects failed to succeed in automatic language translation leading to a loss of funding to expert systems, which did not attempt to explain human intelligence but had great practical applications.

There was a regeneration of interest in AI over the 1970s and 1980s as researchers in the US and Europe engaged in expansive studies exploring intuitions about intelligence (Geffner 45). During this period, computer scientists had reduced the ambitions of AI to theories of more modest scope. The quest for certainty and truth had been abandoned for “micro-truths” that can be obtained though common sense introspection.

As opposed to the past where AI research was concentrated on understanding the nature of intelligence, greater emphasis was given to practical application (Palmer 2). The 21st century has witnessed great advances in AI with systems being developed for practical applications.

The past two decades have witnessed an increase in the number of practical AI uses. One area where AI is used with increasing frequency is speech recognition. Computer systems are programmed to understand human natural language and respond to it. Speech recognition is difficult to achieve since human speech is impeded by many factors including accents, slang words, and background noise. As such, computer systems have to have some level of intelligence in order to correctly recognize human voice.

Speech recognition programs have to be trained to understand the particular speech pattern of a user (Geffner 46). After the training, the program can be used for a wide array of practical uses. It can be used to give voice commands to smart vehicles. Smart phones also utilize speech recognition to write text messages or initialize phone calls.

AI has also been used in the creation of intelligent robots that perform a number of tasks. Typical robots, such as those ones used in vehicle assembly are not intelligent in that they are programmed to perform specific tasks in a repetitive manner. AI technology used to make a robot includes artificial neural network, knowledge based system and all possible decision making systems (Bongard 75).

As a result of this, the intelligent robots can adjust to the natural environment and learn from mistakes. These robots have been used for the exploration of unknown environment including distant planets. Using AI, the robot is able to utilize the input from its many different sensors to adapt to the conditions.

The medical field employs AI in medical diagnosis. By use of artificial neural networks, medical professionals are aided in their decision making process. In addition to this, AI helps in the interpretation of medical images and can accurately detect conditions such as tumors (Bongard 80). A knowledge based system that has captured and embedded explicitly human knowledge can be used to suggest treatment options for patients. AI reduces the risk of wrong prescriptions by a physician.

Artificial intelligence is employed in the development of accounting systems. Specifically, AI has been exploited in auditing, taxation, and decision making support. Moudud reveals that neural networks, genetic algorithms, and knowledge-based systems are being used to detect fraud and perform risk analysis (10). By going though vast amounts of data, AI systems are able to identify patterns and therefore highlight irregularities. AI systems have also been used for bankruptcy prediction. Moudud explains that intelligent techniques are used to develop models capable of predicting business failure cases (16).

Artificial intelligence is also used to access the safety of bridges. The structural integrity of bridges is important since their collapse might be disastrous. Shuster explains that by using neural network computing, engineers are able to compare the properties of cracks in beams with the stiffness and thereby compute a health index (40). By using AI, the objectivity of bridge health assessment is assured since the computer does not suffer from the bias that an inspector might have.

While AI has greatly advanced since it was first conceived in the 1950s, the field has not achieved the goal of creating machines that can solve problems independently like humans and learn and improve from each encounter (Bongard 74). However, researchers predict some significant breakthroughs in AI in the future.

Advances are being made to improve the speech recognition abilities of machines. With technological advances, intelligent machines are predicted to not only be able to recognize and communicate fluently in natural language but also detect emotions and respond to them (Bongard 76). Emotion detection and emulation will be a great advancement in AI since it closely mimics human behavior.

AI researchers are working on creating systems that not only analyze vast amounts of data and come up with “intelligent” solutions, but systems that can come up with ideas. Such systems would be able to mimic human intelligence through their perceptiveness (Geffner 45). In addition to this, there are projects aimed at creating machines that have some level of self-awareness in the same way that humans do. While these projects are still in their infancy, it is hoped that as huge technological advances are made, there will be sufficient processing power available to achieve such goals.

In terms of uses, there are many possible applications of AI in the future. Researchers are already working on intelligent power grids. These smart power grids will utilize neural networks to have electricity flowing in both directions (Geffner 50). The grid will be able to adjust electricity distribution dynamically in response to the changing demand in the various areas. The military is also exploring ways in which it can exploit AI in combat. Specifically, there are plans for introducing soldier robots that will be able to carry out fighting tasks currently undertaken by human beings. The AI fighting machines will be able to react to situations in the battlefield in the same way that humans do (Geffner 49). These machines will be able to discriminate between enemy combatants and innocent civilians. These machines will increase the efficiency of a country’s military force while reducing human casualty.

The field of AI has not advanced in the manner that its pioneers envisioned it would. Even so, Artificial Intelligence has exhibited growth and it has contributed in many of the technological advances made today. The future promises to bring even more engaging innovations in this field. Some AI researchers are hopeful that by 2050, systems that possess self awareness and are capable of producing independent thoughts will have been created. If this is achieved, Allan Turin’s vision of Artificial Intelligence will have been realized.

Artificial Intelligence is one of the fields where there exist differences in opinions about the overall benefits of the disciple to mankind. The negative views on AI stem from the supposed dangers that intelligent machines might present to man. Opponent of AI predict that as the field is advanced, self aware machines that can rise against man will be created. In the present, the opponents point out that AI is creating a condition where machines take over more jobs that could otherwise be performed by people. However, a careful look at the advances and applications of AI over the last few decades suggests that this field is making a positive contribution to human life.

Modern discoveries in remote regions including outer space have been greatly aided by AI. Using these systems, scientists have been able to discover unexplored places including the planet Mars. AI machines used for exploration are made such that they can endure hostile physical environments (Chatfield par 3). Their intelligence makes it possible for them to adapt to the real conditions in their environment and achieve the set scientific objectives.

Since there is no risk of harm to humans when using intelligent machines, scientists have been able to engage in the exploration of dangerous lands. Without AI, it would be impossible for exploration into distant or dangerous regions to be made since such activities would involve great risk to human life.

AI increases the efficiency with which work is performed. Whether intelligent machines are used independently or to assist humans, they result in added speed and accuracy of performing tasks (Moshe 5). For example, application of AI systems in the medical field can reduce unnecessary testing by predicting the impact that a medical test will have in the eventual decision making of the physician (Cismondi 345). The risk of error is also decreased since AI machines can have a knowledge base that will be utilized to highlight errors.

Intelligent machines can perform better in activities that require decision making since they are not prone to bias. Once the machine learns how to perform a task, it can be expect to keep performing consistently without error. The machine will always make the rational decision since its judgment is not clouded (Moshe 5). The lack of emotion also means that AI systems can be relied upon to think logically at all times. Objectivity is therefore ensured when AI systems are employed.

AI has contributed to the high rate of technological advances currently being enjoyed. AI machines have been used to make many computer models that have been used for various innovative purposes (Tseng 465). The high degree of accuracy and the speed with which this modeling has occurred has speeded up the making of technological and scientific discoveries. It can be expected that as more AI systems are implemented, these technological growth rate will increase thereby benefiting humankind even more.

The human civilization is enjoying many benefits because of AI. These advantages have led to increased interest in advancing the field. At the present, AI is considered to be in its infancy stage and it is expected that as the field advances, many more applications of these systems will be developed. These developments will be harnessed to benefit.

Chatfield, Tom. Artificial intelligence: The machines with alien minds. 2013.

Cismondi, Federico. “Reducing unnecessary lab testing in the ICU with artificial intelligence.” International Journal of Medical Informatics 82.5 (2013): 345-358.

Moshe, Vardi. Artificial Intelligence: Past and Future . Communications of the ACM 55.1 (2012)5-6.

Tseng, Chun. “Patent analysis for technology development of artificial intelligence: A country-level comparative study.” Innovation: Management, Policy & Practice 15.4 (2013): 463–475. Print.

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Yes, A.I. Can Be Really Dumb. But It’s Still a Good Tutor.

By Peter Coy

Opinion Writer

I understand why parents are unhappy with the proliferation of computers in school, as my Opinion colleague Jessica Grose documented in a recent series of newsletters. “One way or another,” she wrote in one of the pieces , “we’ve allowed Big Tech’s tentacles into absolutely every aspect of our children’s education, with very little oversight and no real proof that their devices or programs improve educational outcomes.”

I’m optimistic, though, that artificial intelligence will turn (some) haters into fans. A.I. can custom-make lessons based on each student’s ability, learning style and even outside interests. For example, imagine teaching ratios by showing a Yankees fan how to update Aaron Judge’s batting average. A.I. can also give teachers and parents the detailed information they need to help their young charges more effectively.

As I wrote last month , there’s a risk that A.I. will substitute for human labor and eventually render us all superfluous. How much better it would be for us to have A.I. teach us, developing our strengths so that A.I. becomes a complement rather than a substitute for human labor.

There are no guarantees that this nice vision will pan out, of course. At worst A.I. could turn into just a more sophisticated drill machine or an electronic babysitter. My bottom line for it is the same as Grose’s, which is that the use of devices and apps in school “should be driven by educators, not tech companies.”

I’ve never taught, so I checked out this newsletter with two of my nieces, both of whom are science teachers. One teaches at a middle school in Connecticut, the other at a high school in the Los Angeles Unified School District. More from them in a minute.

I admit that A.I. is probably more of a headache than a boon to educators right now. Generative A.I. — which can write a perfectly grammatical essay on any topic in seconds — is ideal for cheating. That shouldn’t be much of a problem in the long run, though, because A.I. is really good at detecting material generated by A.I. (It takes a thief to catch a thief.)

Another problem with A.I. in education is that it sometimes gets the answers wrong. When a reporter for The Wall Street Journal tested Khan Academy’s A.I.-powered tutor, Khanmigo, earlier this year, the software miscalculated subtraction problems such as 343 minus 17.

Or take this incomprehensible response by ChatGPT when asked how a man and a goat who have a boat can cross a river:

The man takes the goat across the river first, leaving the boat on the original side. Then, the man returns alone with the boat. He leaves the goat on the other side and takes the boat back to the original side. Finally, he takes the cabbage across the river.

That farcical paragraph lays bare how large language models are really nothing but autocomplete functions on steroids. This one had clearly ingested a lot of puzzles involving boats, goats and, um, cabbages.

That’s OK, though. A.I. can be useful without duplicating human intelligence, just as a wrench or hammer or screwdriver can be useful without duplicating human features.

“It’s not that A.I. is going to answer questions,” Jonathan Grayer, who founded the education tech company Imagine Learning in 2011, told me. “What it’s going to do is change the process by which teachers teach, kids learn and parents help.”

Emma Braaten, the director of digital learning at the Friday Institute for Educational Innovation at North Carolina State University, told me that the lesson of the past two decades in ed tech is to focus on augmentation, not substitution, of teachers — “to do things that were previously inconceivable.”

This gets back to Grose’s idea that ed tech needs to be built around teachers’ needs. That often hasn’t been the case. “A lot of times ed tech is put into classrooms through whim, word of mouth, ‘Hey, let’s try this,’” Steven Ross, the director of the Center for Research and Reform in Education at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Education, told me.

When I wrote about Khan Academy’s Khanmigo a year ago, I didn’t realize it was going to have arithmetic difficulties. This week I spoke with Kristen DiCerbo, the company’s chief learning officer, about that and other challenges. She said the company has come up with four measures to get the math right. One is that when the software detects math is being done, it sends the problem out to a calculator to get the answer. (How human of it.)

She also said Khan Academy tries to remind students that Khanmigo may be their amigo, but it’s not a human being. And not just because it might be wrong occasionally. “As a society we need to wrestle with what it means if people start forming relationships with technology,” she said. “Seems like a slippery slope.”

I’ll finish with some thoughts from my wonderful nieces. Abigail in Los Angeles isn’t all in on tech. “I would prefer to teach in a low-tech school that bans smartphones in the classroom,” she told me via email.

Still, she has found several uses for A.I. “I find that A.I. is really helpful for speeding up the annoying prep tasks that take me the longest, like generating a list of new stoichiometry practice problems for students to drill at home to be ready for an assessment,” she wrote. She also finds it useful “to reword scientific articles to help students with disabilities” and to help Advanced Placement students “brainstorm topics and research questions.”

Amy in Connecticut recounted how in the course of teaching a unit on plate tectonics featuring Mount Everest, she found an article about it in The Times that was above her students’ reading level. “ChatGPT helped me make it an accessible text,” she wrote. ChatGPT also helped her concoct a scavenger hunt for her seventh graders, complete with rhyming clues. “It turned something that would’ve been tedious into a task that only took several minutes.”

My nieces have figured out how A.I. can be a help, not just a hindrance. If they can do it, others can, too.

The Readers Write

Taking the system in isolation, holding down benefits at the top would certainly help. However, I like to look at things from a macro perspective. Federal deficits crowd out national saving and investment. I wonder if a reduction in benefits paid at the top would reduce spending in that group. If it doesn’t — and I suspect the effect would be quite small — the impact would be merely to shift saving from households to the government (in the form of a smaller deficit).

Charles Steindel Glen Ridge, N.J.

I am very surprised that you and others who address this issue do not consider that taxing only the first $168,600 of annual earnings is a gift to those who receive very high salaries. Rather than taking benefits from the wealthy, let them pay their full freight for Social Security.

Virginia Orenstein Lakewood Ranch, Fla.

Peter here: Dozens of readers made this point. Applying the payroll tax to all earnings would amount to a big tax increase for upper-income families.

Quote of the Day

“But the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists and calculators has succeeded; and the glory of Europe is extinguished forever.”

— Edmund Burke, “Reflections on the Revolution on France” ( 1790 )

Peter Coy is a writer for the Opinion section of The Times, covering economics and business. Email him at [email protected] . @ petercoy

clock This article was published more than 1 year ago

Leak suspect shared classified secrets with foreigners, prosecutors say

The Justice Department, in a court filing ahead of Jack Teixeira’s next detention hearing, also says it found red flags in his Air Force record

The Air National Guard member accused in a high-profile classified leaks case appears to have shared sensitive secrets with foreign nationals and had raised concern among his co-workers in the months before he was charged with mishandling and disseminating national security information, prosecutors said in a court filing Wednesday.

Jack Teixeira, 21, was arrested in April after FBI agents traced back to him a collection of classified material posted in an online chat group. Authorities say Teixeira, who worked as an IT professional at a military base in Massachusetts’s Cape Cod , misused his top secret clearance to share U.S. intelligence assessments and other sensitive information with others on Discord, a social media platform popular with video game players.

He is scheduled to appear in court Friday where U.S. magistrate judge David Hennessy plans to rule on whether Teixeira should remain behind bars while awaiting trial. In their Wednesday court filing, prosecutors offered new evidence, “which compounds the national security and public safety risks that the government previously noted to the Court,” and shows, they said, that he should not be released.

One of the groups where he shared information had upward of 150 users, officials said, and among the members “are a number of individuals who represented that they resided in other countries” and whose accounts trace back to foreign internet addresses.

Teixeira’s “willful transmission of classified information over an extended period to more than 150 users worldwide” undermines his lawyer’s claims that he never meant for the information to be shared widely, prosecutors wrote.

Teixeira’s lawyer filed court papers arguing that prosecutors have wrongly compared his conduct to high-profile leak cases from the past, when the case is more similar to lesser-known leak investigations in which defendants were released on bond.

Alleged leaker fixated on guns and envisioned ‘race war’

The new filing also recounts online chats in which Teixeira appears to both brag about how much classified information he knows and has shared, and understand the potential legal consequences of such actions.

“Knowing what happens more than pretty much anyone is cool,” the airman allegedly wrote in a chat dated mid-November. When another user suggested he write a blog about the information, Teixeira replied, “making a blog would be the equivalent of what chelsea manning did,” referring to a major classified leak case in 2010.

The filing also shows that Teixeira was written up by colleagues for apparently not following rules for the use of classified systems. A Sept. 15 Air Force memorandum included in the newly released court materials notes that Teixeira “had been observed taking notes on classified intelligence information” inside a room specifically designed to handle sensitive classified material.

Teixeira, the Air Force memo says, was instructed “to no longer take notes in any form on classified intelligence information.” About a month later, a memo noted that Teixeira “was potentially ignoring the cease-and-desist order” given to him in September. He was instructed to stop “any deep dives into classified intelligence information and focus on his job,” that memo said.

Then in January, a member of his unit observed Teixeira “viewing content that was not related to his primary duty and was related to the intelligence field.” That memo also noted that Teixeira “had been previously notified to focus on his own career duties and to not seek out intelligence products.”

The Discord Leaks

A member of the Massachusetts Air National Guard, Teixeira has been charged with two counts: retention and transmission of national defense information and willful retention of classified documents. He faces up to 25 years in prison. As the investigation proceeds, he could face additional charges.

Prosecutors and defense lawyers had sparred over whether Teixeira should be released on bond. Federal prosecutors said he posed a security risk because he might still possess classified documents that investigators have not yet found, and foreign governments could try to recruit him to find out what he knows.

Teixeira’s lawyer, Brendan Kelley, has said that with careful monitoring Teixeira could safely go home — arguing authorities have tried to make a young man who still lives with his parents in the community where he grew up sound more dangerous than he is.

Discord member details how documents leaked from closed chat group

Hennessy, the judge, had pushed back on suggestions from Teixeira’s attorney, who claimed his client only meant to share the information with a small group of online friends , not the wider world.

“The defendant put top-secret information on the internet, and your argument is that he had no idea that it would go anywhere beyond the server,” Hennessy said at a hearing last month. “I find it a little incredible that the defendant could not foresee that possibility.”

Teixeira’s father told the court last month that, if his son were released, he would notify authorities should any bond conditions be violated, and that there would be security cameras around the home to alert the father to any movement there while he was at work.

“The damage the Defendant has already caused to the U.S. national security is immense. The damage the Defendant is still capable of causing is extraordinary,” prosecutors wrote in an earlier court filing. “Detention is necessary to ensure that the Defendant does not continue on his destructive and damaging path.”

In their filings, prosecutors have said Teixeira exhibited disturbing behavior five years ago while a high school student, and was suspended after a classmate overheard him talking about weapons, “including Molotov cocktails, guns at the school, and racial threats.”

More recently, according to prosecutors, Teixeira posted comments online about conducting a mass shooting, including in November when he wrote in a social media post that if he had his way, he would “kill a … [expletive] ton of people,” which he said would be “culling the weak minded.” In previous court filings, prosecutors also shared photos of what they characterized as an “arsenal” of weapons found in his home.

Teixeira’s lawyer has said the talk of an arsenal was overheated — because the guns in court images that had been thought to be in his room are not real weapons, but replicas known as airsoft guns. The firearms in Teixeira’s house are locked away in a cabinet, according to Kelley.

Prosecutors say there also is evidence that, as the leak investigation progressed, Teixeira may have destroyed evidence of his crimes and told others not to talk to authorities. Earlier this month, Teixeira allegedly told an online friend: “If anyone comes looking, don’t tell them” anything, and encouraged that person to “delete all messages.”

Teixeira’s attorneys have pushed back against those claims, saying Teixeira was peacefully reading a Bible when agents came to arrest him, and that prosecutors’ notions of the risks to national security if he is released are far-fetched and fanciful.

The prosecution, Teixeira’s lawyer Allen Franco wrote in a court filing last month, has engaged in “hyperbolic judgments and provides little more than speculation that a foreign adversary will seduce Mr. Teixeira and orchestrate his clandestine escape from the United States. This argument is illusory. The government has presented no articulable facts to support these assertions.”

The Washington Post and “ Frontline ” partnered to investigate Jack Teixeira’s alleged leak of classified U.S. intelligence on the Discord chat platform . The new documentary, “The Discord Leaks,” premiered Tuesday, Dec. 12 and is available to watch on PBS streaming platforms and washingtonpost.com .

The suspected document leaker: Teixeira, a young member of the Massachusetts Air National Guard, was indicted on six charges . Interviews with people who knew Teixeira offer the most detailed account yet of how he allegedly leaked classified information and his motivations. Discord’s rules and culture allowed a racist and antisemitic community to flourish, giving Teixeira an eager audience unlikely to report his alleged lawbreaking.

How the leak happened: The Washington Post reported that the individual who leaked the information shared documents with a small circle of online friends on the Discord chat platform. The Air Force disciplined 15 members of the Air National Guard after an internal investigation found that a “lack of supervision” helped enable Teixeira. This is a timeline of how the documents leaked .

What we learned from the leaked documents: The massive document leak has exposed a range of U.S. government secrets, including spying on allies, the grim prospects for Ukraine’s war with Russia and the precariousness of Taiwan’s air defenses . It also has ignited diplomatic fires for the White House. Here’s what we’ve learned from the documents .

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