phd thesis in tissue engineering

Tissue Engineering an In Vitro Model of Osteoporosis

--> Owen, Robert (2017) Tissue Engineering an In Vitro Model of Osteoporosis. PhD thesis, University of Sheffield.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterised by bone loss. Declining oestrogen levels postmenopause disrupt bone remodelling by over-stimulating resorption. Although the disorder is currently studied in animals, we should aim to minimise their use. Therefore, this thesis explored the feasibility of developing an in vitro model of postmenopausal osteoporosis using tissue engineering principles. The response of three osteoblast cell lines, MC3T3-E1, MLOA5, and IDG-SW3, to oestrogen was explored, finding only MC3T3-E1 was stimulated by the hormone. The ability of RAW264.7 to undergo osteoclastogenesis was strongly influenced by seeding density and proliferation. Additionally, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity could be suppressed by oestrogen exposure. Due to its ability to support osteoclastogenesis in co-culture, IDG-SW3 was the most suitable osteoblast cell line for the model. Bone-matrix deposition over 28 days on three scaffolds (PolyHIPE, polyurethane, Biotek) was compared to select the most appropriate for the model. PolyHIPE and polyurethane scaffolds supported significantly more matrix deposition than the Biotek. Mineralisation on the scaffold could be detected by micro-computed tomography; however, the presence of PBS interfered with this. Due to its cellular performance and ease of manufacture, the polyurethane scaffold was identified as the most suitable for the model. Changes in mineral content, TRAP and alkaline phosphatase activity were confirmed as markers for osteoclast and osteoblast activity in co-culture. RAW264.7 pre-treatment with oestrogen to mimic pre-menopause had lasting effects on their ability to undergo osteoclastogenesis. 2D co-cultures using oestrogen withdrawal to mimic menopause resulted in increased resorption, analogous to the effect seen in vivo. From the conditions assessed in 3D co-cultures, no equivalent response was observed. This thesis demonstrates it is possible to imitate the onset of postmenopausal osteoporosis in vitro. However, a 3D system that uses human cells and longer time periods is necessary to provide a valid alternative to animal models.

--> Robert Owen Thesis - Tissue Engineering an In Vitro Model of Osteoporosis 2017 -->

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Doctoral Program (PhD)

The PhD degree provides an opportunity for you to pursue a program of research in a specialized area and to develop a dissertation that embodies the results of original research and gives evidence of high level independent scholarship.

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A tissue engineering approach towards treatment of type 1 diabetes

• Developmental BioEngineering

Research output : Thesis › PhD Thesis - Research UT, graduation UT

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

• 10.3990/1.9789463610872
• Thesis E. Hadavi Final published version, 53.5 MB

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• Survival Physics 100%
• Molecules Physics 100%
• Tissue Engineering Physics 100%
• Microenvironment Medicine and Dentistry 100%
• Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Medicine and Dentistry 100%
• Therapeutic Procedure Medicine and Dentistry 100%
• Insulin Derivative Chemistry 100%
• Islet Transplantation Medicine and Dentistry 80%

T1 - A tissue engineering approach towards treatment of type 1 diabetes

AU - Hadavi, Elahe

PY - 2018/3/29

Y1 - 2018/3/29

N2 - Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system destroys the insulin producing ß-cells of the pancreatic islets, which results in absolute insulin deficiency. Currently, intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, which may result in insulin independency of patients for several years. However, islet failure shortly after transplantation, insufficient insulin secretion and shortage of donors are major obstacles for this therapy. The main objective of the research described in this thesis was to improve the outcome of islet transplantation. By mimicking the islet’s native microenvironment and exploring various bioengineering strategies, we have developed devices that could be applied for successful transplantation of islets.To set the stages for this thesis, I) we have provided a comprehensive review on the biological, biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the islet microenvironment and the relation of these parameters with islets function and survival. II) We compared the physical and mechanical properties of biomaterials to be considered in the design of scaffolds. III) We explored the effect of microcontact printed extracelular matrix (ECM) molecules on the function and viability of INS-1E cells by providing a 3D biomimetic microenvironment. IV) We developed a microwell scaffold platform to not only act as a mechanical support and preserve the native morphology of islets, but also to maximize nutrientdiffusion, while islet perfusion was kept at a minimum. Moreover, to mimic the islet’s native microenvironment, microwell scaffolds were coated with different ECM molecules solely and pairwise at various ratios. V) We fabricated porous microwell scaffolds to not only prohibit islet fusion but also stimulate islet revascularization, which are essential factors for islets function and survival posttransplantation. We also evaluated the biocompatibility and potential of our fabricated porous microwell scaffolds to induce normoglycemia in rat models. VI) Finally, we focused on one of the most important obstacles in islet transplantation, which is insufficient vascularization. Therefore, we designed andcompared two different in vitro growth factor releasing systems to induce vascularization.Altogether, in this thesis we have developed microwell scaffolds and identified several aspects of the islet microenvironment to improve the outcome of islet transplantation to treat type 1 diabetes.

AB - Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system destroys the insulin producing ß-cells of the pancreatic islets, which results in absolute insulin deficiency. Currently, intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes, which may result in insulin independency of patients for several years. However, islet failure shortly after transplantation, insufficient insulin secretion and shortage of donors are major obstacles for this therapy. The main objective of the research described in this thesis was to improve the outcome of islet transplantation. By mimicking the islet’s native microenvironment and exploring various bioengineering strategies, we have developed devices that could be applied for successful transplantation of islets.To set the stages for this thesis, I) we have provided a comprehensive review on the biological, biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the islet microenvironment and the relation of these parameters with islets function and survival. II) We compared the physical and mechanical properties of biomaterials to be considered in the design of scaffolds. III) We explored the effect of microcontact printed extracelular matrix (ECM) molecules on the function and viability of INS-1E cells by providing a 3D biomimetic microenvironment. IV) We developed a microwell scaffold platform to not only act as a mechanical support and preserve the native morphology of islets, but also to maximize nutrientdiffusion, while islet perfusion was kept at a minimum. Moreover, to mimic the islet’s native microenvironment, microwell scaffolds were coated with different ECM molecules solely and pairwise at various ratios. V) We fabricated porous microwell scaffolds to not only prohibit islet fusion but also stimulate islet revascularization, which are essential factors for islets function and survival posttransplantation. We also evaluated the biocompatibility and potential of our fabricated porous microwell scaffolds to induce normoglycemia in rat models. VI) Finally, we focused on one of the most important obstacles in islet transplantation, which is insufficient vascularization. Therefore, we designed andcompared two different in vitro growth factor releasing systems to induce vascularization.Altogether, in this thesis we have developed microwell scaffolds and identified several aspects of the islet microenvironment to improve the outcome of islet transplantation to treat type 1 diabetes.

U2 - 10.3990/1.9789463610872

DO - 10.3990/1.9789463610872

M3 - PhD Thesis - Research UT, graduation UT

SN - 978-94-6361-087-2

PB - University of Twente

CY - Enschede

MIT Department of Biological Engineering

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Tissue Engineering

Tissue Engineering is the field of research using cells and other materials to either enhance or replace biological tissues. To that end, many faculty in BE are studying in this field including one who is using stem cell-seeded scaffolds to repair degraded cartilage and another who has engineered mice to fluorescently display genetic changes.

Laurie A. Boyer, PhD

Ron weiss, phd, harvey f. lodish, phd, c. forbes dewey, jr., phd, ed boyden, phd, robert langer, scd, darrell j. irvine, phd, douglas a. lauffenburger, phd, alan j. grodzinsky, scd, roger d. kamm, phd.

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Composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds produced by coaxial electrospinning

Kareem, Muna Mustafa (2018) Composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds produced by coaxial electrospinning. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow.

Electrospinning of polylactic acid (PLA)/calcium phosphates (CaPs) has been widely investigated for bone tissue engineering, however the significant reduction in mechanical properties and the rapid loss of the structural integrity of the scaffolds upon inclusion of high filler content is still challenging. Coaxial electrospinning has gained attention for tissue engineering applications due to the enhanced quality and the functionality of the resulting fibres compared to the basic electrospinning process. In this study, core and shell polycarpolactone (PCL)- PLA/micro-HA fibrous scaffolds were produced via coaxial electrospinning. To optimise the shell component, PLA solutions of concentrations ranging from 5 to 25 wt%, and containing 10-40 vol% of either spray dried HA (HA1), sintered HA (HA2) or beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were electrospun using single-needle electrospinning. However, only 15 and 20 wt% PLA solution with 10 or 20 vol% CaPs produced electrospun scaffolds. Inclusion of all these fillers significantly reduced the mechanical properties of the scaffolds compared to non-filled PLA while increasing fibre diameter and non-homogeneity. TCP-containing scaffolds showed reduced mechanical properties compared to HA1- and HA2-filled scaffolds and increased TCP agglomerations along the fibres. Introduction of HA1 and HA2 into PLA scaffolds decreased the degradation rate of the scaffolds while increasing the bioactivity. However, apatite formation on the fibre surfaces was lower than previously reported due to the lower surface area of micro-HA particles compared to nano-HA in addition to the lack of sufficient HA particles on fibres surface. The higher surface area of HA1 did not significantly affect the rate of bioactivity, however it increased the thermal stability of scaffolds compared to HA2-filled scaffolds and led to further reduction in mechanical properties in vitro than HA2. Scaffolds with either HA lost their mechanical integrity within 28 days of SBF immersion. As for the core component, changing the solvent system was found to affect the stability of the Taylor cone during electrospinning, and subsequently the morphology of the resultant fibre. Introduction of PCL as the core component in coaxial scaffolds increased both the tensile strength and strain at failure. The mechanical properties were influenced by the flow rate ratio between the core and shell components. Coaxial scaffolds with and without HA exhibited gradual release of BMP 2 with only 12.8-13.6% released over 96 hours. They also supported cell attachment and spreading over 21 days of culture. However, control scaffolds had improved cell spreading compared to HA-containing scaffolds due to increased fibre uniformity and decreased fibre diameter. Tubular scaffolds made of core and shell structured fibres were also produced using rotating needle collector with G16 and G21 needle producing the internal diameter. Coaxial electrospinning with rotating needle collector produced fibres with improved circumferential alignment compared to stationary collector and increased fibre non-uniformity in HA-containing scaffolds. Bioactivity of tubular coaxial scaffolds was also significantly increased due to partial encapsulation of HA particles, and large areas of coaxial scaffolds were covered with apatite layer after 12 weeks of immersion in SBF. On the other hand, coaxial scaffolds with no HA showed no bioactivity even after 12 weeks of SBF immersion. Tubular control and HAcontaining coaxial scaffolds had significantly higher mechanical stability in vitro and showed gradual reduction in their mechanical properties over 12 weeks of immersion in either PBS or SBF. The results obtained suggest that coaxial electrospinning is a promising technique to produce bone tissue scaffolds with high content of CaPs while preserving the structural and mechanical integrity of the scaffolds. Bioactivity of scaffolds can be significantly increased by incorporating the CaP in the shell layer while mechanical properties of the coaxial scaffolds can be tailored by changing the core composition and diameter. However, further studies should be carried on to enhance the uniformity and alignment of the coaxial fibres in order to improve the mechanical properties of scaffolds.

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Home > College of Engineering > Dept. of Biomedical Engineering > Dissertations, Master’s Theses and Master’s Reports

Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Dissertations, Master’s Theses and Master’s Reports

Explore our collection of dissertations, master's theses and master's reports from the Department of Biomedical Engineering below.

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2024 2024

EFFECT OF BIO-ENVIRONMENT AND CU ALLOYING ON ZINC IMPLANT BIOCOMPATIBILITY , Lea M. Morath

MATRIX STIFFNESS SENSING BY NASCENT ADHESIONS AND THE ROLE OF RIAM IN ADHESION ASSEMBLY , Nikhil Mittal

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2023 2023

Collagen V Promotes Fibroblast Contractility, And Adhesion Formation, And Stability , Shaina P. Royer-Weeden

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2022 2022

AN ANTIMICROBIAL POLYDOPAMINE SURFACE COATING TO REDUCE BIOFOULING ON TELEMETRY TAGS USED IN MARINE CONSERVATION PRACTICES , Ariana Smies

ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACHES TO CONTROL CATECHOL-BASED ADHESION , Md Saleh Akram Bhuiyan

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2021 2021

CHARACTERIZATION OF PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF BREAST CANCER CELLS TARGETED BY A GLUT5-SPECIFIC FRUCTOSE MIMIC , Srinivas Kannan

IMPACT OF HEMODYNAMIC VORTEX SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS ON ANALYSIS OF INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS , Kevin W. Sunderland

Investigation into the Hemodynamics of Aortic Abnormalities Through Computational Fluid Dynamics , Tonie Johnson

MODEL POLYMER SYSTEMS CONTAINING CATECHOL MOIETIES TO TUNE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE GENERATION FOR ANTIPATHOGENIC AND WOUND HEALING APPLICATIONS , Pegah Kord Fooroshani

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2020 2020

ARTIFICIAL SYNTHETIC SCAFFOLDS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATION EMPHASIZING THE ROLE OF BIOPHYSICAL CUES , Samerender Nagam Hanumantharao

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE FLOW CHAMBER FOR SHEAR FLOW MECHANOTRANSMISSION STUDIES , Mohanish Chandurkar

ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBER SCAFFOLDS AS A PLATFORM FOR BREAST CANCER RESEARCH , Carolynn Que

Nanofiber Scaffolds as 3D Culture Platforms , Stephanie Bule

STUDY OF SILICA NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITE ON SILICA-HYDROGEN PEROXIDE COMPLEXATIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS IN CATECHOL BASED ADHESIVES , Rattapol Pinnaratip

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2019 2019

AN INVESTIGATION OF UNCERTAINTY IN ULTRASONIC ELASTOGRAPHY: A CONTINUUM BIOMECHANICS PERSPECTIVE , David P. Rosen

A Smart Implantable Bone Fixation Plate Providing Actuation and Load Monitoring for Orthopedic Fracture Healing , Brad Nelson

DEGRADABLE ZINC MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON BIOCOMPATIBILITY IN AN IN-VIVO MURINE MODEL , Roger J. Guillory II

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE BONE FIXATION DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING LOCAL MECHANICAL STIMULI TO BONE FRACTURE SITES , Salil Sidharthan Karipott

OPTICAL VORTEX AND POINCARÉ ANALYSIS FOR BIOPHYSICAL DYNAMICS , Anindya Majumdar

TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF NITRIC OXIDE (NO) MEASUREMENTS IN IN VITRO CELL CULTURE STUDIES , Maria Paula Kwesiga

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2018 2018

AN INJECTABLE THERMOSENSITIVE BIODEGRADABLE HYDROGEL EMBEDDED WITH SNAP CONTAINING PLLA MICROPARTICLES FOR SUSTAINED NITRIC OXIDE (NO) DELIVERY FOR WOUND HEALING , Nikhil Mittal

EFFECTS OF TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURES ON MICROVASCULAR NETWORK FORMATION , Dhavan D. Sharma

REVERSIBLY SWITCHING ADHESION OF SMART ADHESIVES INSPIRED BY MUSSEL ADHESIVE CHEMISTRY , Ameya R. Narkar

Studying mass and mechanical property changes during the degradation of a bioadhesive with mass tracking, rheology and magnetoelastic (ME) sensors , Zhongtian Zhang

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2017 2017

A 3D Biomimetic Scaffold using Electrospinning for Tissue Engineering Applications , Samerender Nagam Hanumantharao

A WIRELESS, PASSIVE SENSOR FOR MEASURING TEMPERATURE AT ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT SITES FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIONS , Salil Sidharthan Karipott

COMPUTATIONAL ULTRASOUND ELASTOGRAPHY: A FEASIBILITY STUDY , Yu Wang

DESIGN OF ROBUST HYDROGEL BASED ON MUSSEL-INSPIRED CHEMISTRY , Yuan Liu

EFFECT OF SILICA MICRO/NANO PARTICLES INCORPORATION OVER BIOINSPIRED POLY (ETHYLENE GLYCOL)-BASED ADHESIVE HYDROGEL , Rattapol Pinnaratip

FABRICATION OF PREVASCULARIZED CELL-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX BASED BIOMIMETIC TISSUE CONSTRUCTS FOR MULTIPLE TISSUE ENGINEERING , Zichen Qian

IDENTIFICATION OF NITRIC-OXIDE DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF ASCORBIC ACID , Sushant Satyanarayan Kolipaka

Implantable Wireless Sensor Networks: Application to Measuring Temperature for In Vivo Detection of Infections , Praharsh Madappaly Veetil

SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE GENERATION, BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF MUSSEL ADHESIVE MOIETY , Hao Meng

Theses/Dissertations/Reports from 2016 2016

A WIRELESS SENSOR SYSTEM WITH DIGITALLY CONTROLLED SIGNAL CONDITIONING CIRCUIT FOR FORCE MONITORING AT BONE FIXATION PLATES , Govindan Suresh

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF OPTICAL ELASTOGRAPHY SETUP , Abhinav Madhavachandran

EFFECTS OF SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION ON LASER SPECKLE CONTRAST IMAGING , Kosar Khaksari

INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL GROWTH AND PREVENTION OF BACTERIAL ADHESION WITH LOCALIZED NITRIC OXIDE DELIVERY , Julia Osborne

WIRELESS IMPLANTABLE MAGNETOELASTIC SENSORS AND ACTUATORS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS , Andrew DeRouin

Wireless Sensor System for Monitoring Strains and Forces On An External Bone Fixation Plate , Sterling Prince

Reports/Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

DEVELOPMENT OF A CELL MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS TOOL TO EVALUATE THE ULTRASOUND VIBRATIONAL EFFECTS ON CELL ADHESION , Joseph M. Smith

DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH CAPACITY HYPERBRANCHED NITRIC OXIDE DONORS FOR CONTROLLING SUBCUTANEOUS INFLAMMATION , Sean Hopkins

ENGINEERING APPROACHES FOR SUPPRESSING DELETERIOUS HOST RESPONSES TO MEDICAL IMPLANTS , Connor McCarthy

GELATIN MICROGEL INCORPORATED POLY (ETHYLENE GLYCOL) BIOADHESIVE WITH ENHANCED ADHESIVE PROPERTY AND BIOACTIVITY , Yuting Li

METABOLOMIC AND PROTEOMIC APPROACHES TO UNDERSTAND LEAD STRESS IN VETIVER GRASS (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. NASH) , Venkataramana R. Pidatala

PH RESPONSIVE, ADHESIVE HYDROGELS BASED ON REVERSIBLE CATECHOL - BORONIC ACID COMPLEXATION , Ameya Ravindra Narkar

SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITRIC OXIDE (NO) USING INNOVATIVE NO MEASUREMENT AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS , Weilue He

THE INFLUENCE OF PASSIVE ANKLE JOINT POWER ON BALANCE RECOVERY , Stephanie E. Hamilton

Three-dimensional Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids and Zn-based Biomaterials as Potential Cardiovascular Treatments , Emily Shearier

Reports/Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF WIRELESS PASSIVE MAGNETOELASTIC RESONANCE AND MAGNETOHARMONIC FORCE SENSORS , Brandon D. Pereles

Reports/Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Development of Optically Based pH Sensing Hydrogel and Controlled Nitric Oxide Release Polymer , Matthew T. Nielsen

Development of Vapor Deposited Silica Sol-Gel Particles for a Bioactive Materials System to Direct Osteoblast Behavior , Katherine Lynn Snyder

Reports/Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Wireless and passive pressure sensor system based on the magnetic higher-order harmonic field , Ee Lim Tan

Reports/Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

Exploration of the role of serum factors in maintaining bone mass during hibernation in black bears , Rachel Marie Bradford

Influence of traumatic impaction and pathological loading on knee menisci , Megan Leigh Killian

Use of a 3D perfusion bioreactor with osteoblasts and osteoblast/endothelial cell co-cultures to improve tissue-engineered bone , Matthew J. Barron

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Home > FACULTIES > BIOMEDENG > BIOMEDENG-ETD

Biomedical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

This collection contains theses and dissertations from the Department of Biomedical Engineering, collected from the Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Theses/Dissertations from 2024 2024

Bioactive and Electrically Conductive Nanocomposite Bone Biomaterials , Rebeca A. Arambula-Maldonado

Physical and Geometrical Modulation of Human Fibroblast Behaviour , Sarah M. Brooks

Optimization of Full-Inversion Techniques Towards Clinical Ultrasound Elastography , Matthew A. Caius

Co-delivery of Adipose-derived Stromal Cells and Endothelial Colony Forming Cells in Novel Cell-assembled Scaffolds as a Pro-angiogenic Cell Therapy Platform , Sarah A. From

Comprehensive Assessment of Implant Movement Following Total Hip Arthroplasty: Analysis of Surgical Approach, Implant System, and Imaging Techniques , Jennifer Sabah Polus

Stimuli-responsive antibacterial coatings , Monica Vasquez Pena

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Multiparametric Classification of Tumor Treatment Using Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging , mahsa bataghva

Towards Patient Specific Mitral Valve Modelling via Dynamic 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography , Patrick Carnahan

Developing a Finite Element Model for Evaluating the Posterior Tibial Slope in a Medial Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy , VIctor Alexander Carranza

Analysis and Characterization of Embroidered Textile Strain Sensors for Use in Wearable Mechatronic Devices , Jose Guillermo Colli Alfaro

Developing Bioactive Hydrogels Containing Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix for Bone and Cartilage Repair , Ali Coyle

Modelling of a TCA-driven Wearable Tremor Suppression Device for People with Parkinson’s Disease , Parisa Daemi

Using Machine Learning Models to Address Challenges in Lung Cancer Care , Salma Dammak

Longitudinal dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid Aꞵ, pTau and sTREM2 reveal predictive preclinical trajectories of Alzheimer’s pathology , Bahaaldin Helal

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING BIOMARKERS FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH , Dimuthu Henadeerage Don

Detecting Treatment Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Time-Domain Diffuse Optical Methods , Seva Ioussoufovitch

Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Compatible Mechatronic Needle Guidance System for Prostate Focal Laser Ablation Therapy , Eric R. Knull

The Development of Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels from Self-Immolative Polymers , Jared David Pardy

Free-hand Photoacoustic Imaging of Breast Cancer Tissue , Elina Rascevska

Development of a Cell-based Regenerative Strategy to Modulate Angiogenesis and Inflammation in Ischemic Muscle , Fiona E. Serack

Investigation of Dynamic Culture on Matrix-derived Microcarriers as a Strategy to Modulate the Pro-Regenerative Phenotype of Human Adipose-derived Stromal Cells , McKenna R. Tosh

Evaluating EEG–EMG Fusion-Based Classification as a Method for Improving Control of Wearable Robotic Devices for Upper-Limb Rehabilitation , Jacob G. Tryon

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

A two-layer continuous-capillary oxygen transport model: Development and application to blood flow regulation in resting skeletal muscle. , Keith C. Afas

Development of a Hybrid Stereotactic Guidance System For Percutaneous Liver Tumour Ablation , Joeana N. Cambranis Romero

Large-scale Analysis and Automated Detection of Trunnion Corrosion on Hip Arthroplasty Devices , Anastasia M. Codirenzi

The Role of Transient Vibration of the Skull on Concussion , Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva

Biomechanical Investigation of Complete and Partial Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries , Callahan Doughty

Towards A Comprehensive Software Suite for Stereotactic Neurosurgery , Greydon Gilmore

The Bio-Mechanical Development and Kinematic Evaluation of Zone I and Zone II Injuries and their Corresponding Surgical Repair Techniques using an In-Vitro Active Finger Motion Simulator: A Cadaveric Study , Mohammad Haddara

Image-based Cochlear Implant Frequency-to-Place Mapping , Luke William Helpard

Mechanical Evaluation of Gyroid Structures to Combat Orthopaedic Implant Infections , Sydney Hitchon

The Development of a Motion Sensing Device for Use in a Home Setting , Jaspreet K. Kalsi

A Novel Ultrasound Elastography Technique for Evaluating Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer , Niusha Kheirkhah

Thermo-responsive Antibiotic-Eluting Coatings for Treating Infection near Orthopedic Implants , Jan Chung Kwan

Effects of Modulating the Culture Microenvironment on the Growth and Secretome of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells , Zhiyu Liang

Conducting Polypyrrole Hydrogel Biomaterials For Drug Delivery And Cartilage Tissue Regeneration , Iryna Liubchak

Motion and Crosslinked Polyethylene Wear in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty , Christopher Millward

Intracardiac Ultrasound Guided Systems for Transcatheter Cardiac Interventions , Hareem Nisar

Investigation of Cell Derived Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Stem/Stromal Cells , Shruthi Polla Ravi

Quantitative Image Analysis of White Matter Dysregulation Using Brain Normalization for Diagnostic Analysis of Pediatric Hydrocephalus , Renee-Marie Ragguett

Automation through Deep-Learning to Quantify Ventilation Defects in Lungs from High-Resolution Isotropic Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tuneesh Kaur Ranota

Early Biological Response of Articular Cartilage to Hemiarthroplasty Wear , Debora Rossetti

Sol-Gel Derived Bioceramic Poly(Diethyl Fumarate – Co – Triethoxyvinylsilane) Composite , Aref Sleiman

The Application of Digital Volume Correlation Bone Strain Measurements in the Osteoarthritic Glenohumeral Joint , Jakub R. Targosinski

Development of Brain-Derived Bioscaffolds for Neural Progenitor Cell Culture and Delivery , Julia Terek

Modelling and Evaluation of Piezoelectric Actuators for Wearable Neck Rehabilitation Devices , Shaemus D. Tracey

Development of a Combined Experimental-Computational Framework to Study Human Knee Biomechanics , Samira Vakili

Investigation on the Performance of Dry Powder Inhalation System for Enhanced Delivery of Levosalbutamol Sulfate , Yuqing Ye

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Development of a Wireless Telemetry Load and Displacement Sensor for Orthopaedic Applications , William Anderson

Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery , Neda Aslankoohi

Fabrication Of Inkjet-Printed Enzyme-Based Biosensors Towards Point-Of-Care Applications , Yang Bai

The Use of CT to Assess Shoulder Kinematics and Measure Glenohumeral Arthrokinematics , Baraa Daher

The Development of Region-Specific Decellularized Meniscus Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting Applications , Sheradan Doherty

In Vitro Analyses of the Contributions of the Hip Capsule to Joint Biomechanics , Emma Donnelly

Long-Circulating, Degradable Lanthanide-Based Contrast Agents for Pre-Clinical Microcomputed Tomography of the Vasculature , Eric Grolman

Mixed-reality visualization environments to facilitate ultrasound-guided vascular access , Leah Groves

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy , Loxlan W. Kasa

Extracellular Matrix-Derived Microcarriers as 3-D Cell Culture Platforms , Anna Kornmuller

3D Printed Polypyrrole Scaffolds for pH Dependent Drug Delivery with Applications in Bone Regeneration , Matthew T. Lawrence

Development of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems for Locoregional Therapy , Xinyi Li

Motion Intention Estimation using sEMG-ACC Sensor Fusion , Jose Alejandro Lopez

Biomaterial for Cervical Intervertebral Disc Prosthesis , Helium Mak

Biomechanical Analysis of Ligament Modelling Techniques and Femoral Component Malrotation Following TKA , Liam A. Montgomery

Snapshot Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging With Multispectral Fringe Projection Profilometry , Parsa Omidi

4DCT to Examine Carpal Motion , Sydney M. Robinson

Seizure Detection Using Deep Learning, Information Theoretic Measures and Factor Graphs , Bahareh Salafian

Modeling Fetal Brain Development: A semi-automated platform for localization, reconstruction, and segmentation of the fetal brain on MRI , Jianan Wang

Immobilized Jagged1 for Notch3-specific Differentiation and Phenotype Control of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells , Kathleen E. Zohorsky

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Simulation Approaches to X-ray C-Arm-based Interventions , Daniel R. Allen

Implementing a multi-segment foot model in a clinical setting to measure inter-segmental joint motions , Tahereh Amiri

Cardiac Modelling Techniques to Predict Future Heart Function and New Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction , Sergio C. H. Dempsey

Feasibility of Twisted Coiled Polymer Actuators for Use in Upper Limb Wearable Rehabilitation Devices , Brandon P.R. Edmonds

Metal Additive Manufacturing for Fixed Dental Prostheses , Mai EL Najjar

Using an Internal Auditory Stimulus to Activate the Developing Primary Auditory Cortex: A Fetal fMRI Study , Estee Goldberg

Development of Water-Soluble Polyesters for Tissue Engineering Applications , Trent Gordon

Development Of Hybrid Coating Materials To Improve The Success Of Titanium Implants , Zach Gouveia

A 3D Printed Axon-Mimetic Diffusion MRI Phantom , Tristan K. Kuehn

Development of an Active Infection Monitoring Knee Spacer for Two-Stage Revision , Michael K. Lavdas

Computational Modeling of the Human Brain for mTBI Prediction and Diagnosis , Yanir Levy

Pulmonary Imaging of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease using Multi-Parametric Response Maps , Jonathan MacNeil

Optimization of Indentation for the Material Characterization of Soft PVA-Cryogels , Md. Mansur ul Mulk

Development and Validation of Augmented Reality Training Simulator for Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Renal Access , Yanyu Mu

A Biomechanical Investigation into the Effect of Experimental Design on Wrist Biomechanics and Contact Mechanics , Clare E. Padmore

Structure-Function Relationships in the Brain: Applications in Neurosurgery , Daiana-Roxana Pur

The Effect of Joint Alignment After a Wrist Injury on Joint Mechanics and Osteoarthritis Development , Puneet Kaur Ranota

Development and Validation of Tools for Improving Intraoperative Implant Assessment with Ultrasound during Gynaecological Brachytherapy , Jessica Robin Rodgers

Studies on Carbon Quantum Dots with Special Luminescent Properties and Their Capability of Overcoming the Biological Barriers , Ji Su Song

Machine Learning towards General Medical Image Segmentation , Clara Tam

The Migration and Wear of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty , Madeleine L. Van de Kleut

Video Processing for the Evaluation of Vascular Dynamics in Neurovascular Interventions , Reid Vassallo

Preparation of Intra-articular Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis , Ian Villamagna

Deep Reinforcement Learning in Medical Object Detection and Segmentation , Dong Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Fabrication and Characterization of Collagen-Polypyrrole Constructs Using Direct-Ink Write Additive Manufacturing , Rooshan Arshad

Development of a Force-Based Ream Vector Measurement System For Glenoid Reaming Simulation , David Axford

Investigation of Visual Perceptions in Parkinson's Disease and the Development of Disease Monitoring Software , Matthew Bernardinis

Tissue Equivalent Gellan Gum Gel Materials for Clinical MRI and Radiation Dosimetry , Pawel Brzozowski

Implementation of User-Independent Hand Gesture Recognition Classification Models Using IMU and EMG-based Sensor Fusion Techniques , José Guillermo Collí Alfaro

Scaffold Design Considerations for Soft Tissue Regeneration , Madeleine M. Di Gregorio

Remote Navigation and Contact-Force Control of Radiofrequency Ablation Catheters , Daniel Gelman

High-throughput Fabrication of Drug-loaded Core-shell Tablets with Adjustable Release Profiles from Surface-erodible and Photocrosslinkable Polyanhydrides , Armin Geraili Nejadfomeshi

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©1878 - 2016 Western University

Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine

Pursuing a phd in a pandemic, the calm before the storm.

Uncertainty is a fact of life for just about any PhD student, especially in the hectic final year of a thesis project. So much can change and so much is unknown. Data shifts. Funding is fickle. The right postdoc job could require relocation to a faraway city. It’s all part of the territory for a young scientist.

Nisa Williams was beginning the final stretch of her PhD project when her mentor suddenly left the University of Washington for an opportunity on the east coast. Fortunately, Williams, a bioengineering student, found a welcoming lab where she could continue her work on cutting-edge tissue engineering methods. Crisis averted.

“That was in January,” says Williams. “Before things really got strange.”

For more than 100 years, scientists hoping to understand how the human heart grows and functions have relied on two-dimensional platforms. While these models have led to decades of insights, they do not adequately mimic the conditions that exist in our bodies. Williams is part of a movement to change that by developing more sophisticated three-dimensional representations of the heart.

“Our hypothesis is that if you give cells a home that closely resembles their natural environment, it’s more likely that natural events will occur.”

Tissue Origami

To watch nature unfold, Williams, now based in the Murry Lab in the Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), creates manmade environments in which cardiac cells feel at home enough to behave as they would in an actual heart, not unlike designing natural zoo habitats that make animals feel at home enough to behave as they would in the wild.

In the course of testing her hypothesis, Williams has developed a type of technique that is sometimes referred to as tissue origami. Layers of cells are stacked onto flexible scaffolds, which Williams then forms into heart-ventricle shapes that attempt to recapitulate the helical architecture of the growing heart. Electrical cues are then used to signal the cells to contract and rearrange themselves as they respond to their new 3D environment.

Williams explains one application for this technique. “I make tiny ventricles in a dish that are about the size of a mouse ventricle. Using our 3D model, I can measure the force those cells are capable of generating to pump blood around the body.”

The ability to study the heart in such detail is exciting.

Particularly tantalizing, adds Williams, are the possible insights into how these heart cells remodel themselves. The 3D models potentially enable her to observe the in-between steps in cardiac development, to see how the cells fold and turn in a way that gives the heart its structure and function. “The cells remodeling themselves is what allows the heart to twist and wring, like a coiled-up towel, which gives it more force. And nobody has been able to understand how this architecture develops in embryos or how to recreate it. So to see it happen is pretty cool.”

The 3D tissue engineering technology central to Williams’s research offers scientists a game-changing tool to explore fundamental questions about the means by which complex structures like the heart, brain, and other organs develop, what causes problems in those tissues, and how to treat diseases. No surprise then, that Williams was eager to complete her thesis and make a lasting contribution to the field of biomedical research.

That’s when COVID-19 hit home.

Nothing To Do But Get it Done

By late January, Williams had settled into the Murry Lab. She was letting her cells lead her in new directions, publishing reviews and research papers, and drawing on the diverse expertise of the engineers, pathologists, and biologists who were just steps away when she was stuck or needed a sounding board for a new idea.

Three months later, her cells are still folding, twisting, and turning in their homey human-engineered environments, and a proof-of-concept paper is due out in May. Everything else, of course, has changed as ISCRM researchers join much of the world by limiting time in the lab to slow the spread of COVID-19.

Williams was granted permission to continue working from her bench in the solitude of a fifth floor lab on UW Medicine’s South Lake Union campus.  “Really, there’s nothing to do but get it done,” says Williams, searching for a silver lining.  “The downside is there are no more in-person meetings, which are really important when you’re talking about data – or if you’re a visual person and like to draw to explain what you’re trying to say.”

Physical distancing is not a challenge when there are hardly any people around. Still, the reality of pursuing a PhD in a pandemic weighs on Williams. “If I hadn’t been graduating, I would shut my experiments down. Because even though there are only a few of us here, we all know it’s out there. The anxiety is real. It makes it stressful.”

For Williams, the loss of community cuts deep, too.  “In the old days, I’d pass one of my committee members or my P.I. in the hallway and just ask a question if something was on my mind. That doesn’t happen anymore.  My data has been changing in really interesting ways and I wish I could just bounce ideas off people who have expertise. Now we email, set up a Zoom, and do the best we can. It’s not bad. It’s just different.”

In the midst of all the uncertainty, there is at least one piece of the puzzle in place for Williams. After graduating, she will be joining Sana Biotechnology, where she will apply her tissue engineering expertise to a promising effort to develop a stem cell-based treatment for heart disease.

In the meantime, Williams remains grateful to be a part of a supportive research community. “It’s become very apparent to me through all this how much ISCRM takes care of its people. When I needed a workspace, they found one. When I need access to one of the cores, there is someone there to help. And the message from everyone is the same. ‘We’re still here. Even though we’re not physically here, you can still lean on us.’ I’m so thankful for that.”

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Current Researches in Modular Biofabrication: Tissue Building Blocks and Bioreactors

• Review Article
• Published: 08 May 2024

Cite this article

• Solmaz Zakhireh 1 , 2   na1 ,
• Ali Mesgari-Shadi 2   na1 ,
• Jaleh Barar 3 ,
• Yadollah Omidi 3 ,
• Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi 4 &
• Khosro Adibkia   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-5557 1 , 2 , 5  

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Modular tissue engineering (TE) is based on the design, fabrication, and arrangement of replicated microtissue constructs to generate functional tissues. The advantage of this strategy is to produce tissues that more closely mimic the complex structure of native tissues/organs. High-precision technologies such as microfluidics, 3D bioprinting, and electrospinning, which support both cell- and scaffold-based biofabrication methods, are implemented in a bottom-up TE strategy. Bioreactors are used in the last step of the tissue production process. Packed bed perfusion bioreactors are widely applied in bottom-up tissue engineering due to their ability to control perfusion to tissues. Modeling and simulation software packages are used as powerful tools to predict the perfusion and flow distribution to the tissues and to design robust bioreactors. This review imparts on the recent advances in the field of bottom-up TE process and provides comprehensive insights into the cell-based and scaffold-based strategies used for the biofabrication/assembly of tissue building blocks (BBs). Microfluidic devices and 3D-bioprinting technology are mentioned as precise controlling tools in this regard, the promoted applications of which are swiftly growing.

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Utilizing bioprinting to engineer spatially organized tissues from the bottom-up

Biofabricated constructs as tissue models: a short review.

Microfluidic Bioprinting of Heterogeneous 3D Tissue Constructs

Abbreviations.

Tissue engineering

• Building blocks

Extracellular matrix

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Human adipose-derived stromal cells

Umbilical vein endothelial cells

Annulus fibrosus

Choroid plexus

Human pluripotent stem cell

Poly L-lactic acid

Polycaprolactone

Magnetic nanoparticle clusters

Gastrointestinal

Decellularized ECM

Poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid

Hollow pollen grains

Computational fluid dynamics

Decellularized calf cardiac ECM

Carbon nanotubes

Aspiration-assisted bioprinting

Gelatin methacryloyl methacrylated hyaluronic acid

Cellulose nanocrystals

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Acknowledgements

This review is part of a Ph.D. thesis supported by the Drug Applied Research Center (# 58781) and conducted at the Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.

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Solmaz Zakhireh and Ali Mesgari-Shadi authors contributed equally to this work.

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Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Solmaz Zakhireh & Khosro Adibkia

Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Solmaz Zakhireh, Ali Mesgari-Shadi & Khosro Adibkia

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA

Jaleh Barar & Yadollah Omidi

Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi

Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

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Zakhireh, S., Mesgari-Shadi, A., Barar, J. et al. Current Researches in Modular Biofabrication: Tissue Building Blocks and Bioreactors. Korean J. Chem. Eng. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00059-8

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Received : 26 June 2023

Revised : 15 December 2023

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Published : 08 May 2024

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00059-8

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The PhD in Biomedical Engineering – Medical Physics Program focuses on training students’ research ability and experience in the field of medical physics with an emphasis on radiation therapy, in addition to the course work required by the MS in Biomedical Engineering – Medical Physics Program. Students graduating from the program are required to take the American Board of Radiology (ABR) exam and to apply for medical physics residency programs. Students are encouraged to seek academic positions after graduating from the program.

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Cel Welch wins prestigious Joukowsky Dissertation Award for groundbreaking advances in diagnostic engineering

The Joukowsky dissertation award in the Life Sciences goes to Cel Welch, who completed their Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering this spring. Through their dissertation, titled Novel Devices, Physical Mechanisms, and Analytical Techniques for Use in Next Generation Cellular Diagnostics, Welch developed novel electrical and acoustic methods to process tissue into single cells for direct sequencing.

The bulk of Welch’s thesis is focused on electronic and microfluidic devices for cellular manipulation and enrichment, as well as cellular biosensors. Welch also developed a mathematical model and invented two new physical mechanisms for expedited, enzyme-free tissue dissociation. Finally, Welch concluded with additional work using artificial intelligence and machine learning-based cellular diagnostics for cancer, focusing on cervical cancer diagnosis. Welch worked with a multidisciplinary team to create two separate models, as well as a publicly accessible database that will be instrumental in advancing the field by creating a touchstone resource. 

Welch has an impressive portfolio of first-author scientific publications in leading journals, patents, conference proceedings and other contributions. Each of the 13 chapters of their dissertation is a first-author scientific paper that is either already published, under review, or in revision. Welch also submitted five patents from their thesis work. One of these patents was a finalist in the Engineering & Technology Innovation Awards, the largest global recognition for engineering inventors, for the Most Innovative Solution for Digital Health and Social Care.

Welch has garnered numerous recognitions both inside and outside of academia. At Brown, they have been awarded the Graduate Contribution to Community Life Award, School of Engineering Outstanding Thesis Award, and Biomedical Innovations to Impact Grant. Internationally, Welch has received recognition through the  Forbes 30 Under 30 in Science, STAT Wunderkinds, Chemical Abstracts Service Future Leaders,  and the  Institute of Engineering and Technology 95 Inspiring Engineers and Technologists .

Welch shares, “I am deeply moved to have my work, which I care so much about, recognized by a community that has been so instrumental in launching my scientific journey. I have my advisor to thank, as well as the other professors who have served as my mentors and the students who have served as my collaborators and mentees.” 

In February, Welch began a position at Stanford University’s Department of Chemical Engineering as a Baker and NIH NHLBI T32 Postdoctoral Fellow in Zhenan Bao’s Lab. They are currently working on creating a flexible electronic pacemaker to integrate with a fully 3-D printed artificial heart for the ARPA-H HEART project.

Brown is proud to recognize and honor Welch’s dedication to science and engineering with the Joukowsky dissertation award, as their profound scientific journey and strong efforts to promote inclusivity in engineering thus far is indicative of the incredible impact they will continue to make in the field. 

Doctoral candidates and graduates, Mariajosé Rodríguez-Pliego, Cel Welch, Laura Heuman Lark, and Giulia Buccione were selected for the Graduate School's  Joukowsky Family Foundation Outstanding Dissertation Award . Prizes are awarded at the Doctoral Ceremony on May 26, 2024.

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• The Ohio State University Graduate School absolutely requires a minimum 3.0 GPA in all undergraduate work to be admitted to the traditional MS or PhD programs and a 3.5 for Ohio State students participating in BS/MS programs; however, the minimum GPA required for some University Fellowship & Funding Competitions can be as high as 3.6. The Department posts no required minimum GPA and considers applicant fit with recruiting faculty lab and funding; likelihood of academic success based on academic background; and potential contribution to the field based on research experience, problem-solving skills, collaborative spirit, response to hardship or challenges, and recommendations. We utilize an admission rubric tool that helps us our Biomedical Engineering Graduate Studies Committee (BMEGSC) make decisions holistically.  
• The GRE requirement has been eliminated as of 2020. A GRE score is no longer required for applicants to any BME graduate program. International applicants can find guidance on the university's required English test scores and policies from the Office of Graduate and Professional Admissions.   
• Most applicants to the BME graduate program have majored in a traditional branch of engineering (e.g., ChE, ME, MSE, ECE, etc.) or in BME. Preparation in biology or physiology can be helpful to those with engineering backgrounds. Those with life science undergraduate degrees or with non-engineering backgrounds are required to complete additional coursework to develop competence in engineering before applying. Please see our required background course list for details .  

In order to maximize chances of admission, PhD applicants are encouraged to contact specific faculty of interest directly in order to establish a connection that might lead to a funded position. Typically this funding comes in the form of a Graduate Research Associateship (GRA): a position which requires 20 hours of work in a specific faculty member's lab weekly in exchange for covering the cost of tuition and health insurance, as well as a monthly stipend. (The faculty supervisor for this position also serves as a student's research advisor.) This step also is helpful to thesis-MS applicants who hope to do research in a specific area, but it is not required. (Non-thesis MS applicants may wait to choose faculty members to consult with after they are admitted, as the non-thesis MS program is largely course-based rather than research-focused.)  Use our matrix to explore research areas and learn about the many faculty who are conducting biomedical engineering research and advising graduate student projects. As well, it is helpful to review our list of faculty currently seeking GRAs .     

What is the deadline for applying and how long does it take to hear of an admission decision? PhD applications are reviewed starting in mid-December, with priority for admissions and fellowship nominations given to applications received by December 1. We will continue to review applications on a rolling basis through February and March, keeping some PhD applications open until May as new funding sources may result in a faculty member's ability to recruit a new student. (Most MS application decisions are made by March, unless there are incomplete items keeping us from posting.) This means some PhD applications are admitted early and others remain on a frequently reviewed "hold" list; unfortunately, the alternative to holding would be a deny decision. What feels like a long and stressful period of waiting can turn into a chance at late admission or an unexpected funding award. This trade-off can work out for PhD applicants. However, all applicants who have received funding and admission offers from another program or school definitely should accept those offers by April 15 rather than waiting for a slim chance here after April 15.   

The MS (including BS/MS) is a self-funded degree. This means no funding is available from our program for admitted MS students. However, opportunities to finance an MS degree are sometimes found by applicants who inquire to external departments on their own. Both thesis-MS and non-thesis MS students in our program have found Graduate Teaching Associateship (GTA) positions in Chemistry, Math, Biology, Engineering Education, etc. These typically require 20 hours of work weekly in exchange for covering the cost of tuition and health insurance, and they provide a monthly stipend. Information on personal loans can be found at the Office of Student Financial Aid.  

Application fee waivers are not available from our program. However, there are resources available for domestic applicants who have attended the October Ohio State Graduate Engineering Open House or participated in SROP , McNair Scholars, or Buckeye REU programs. Applicants are encouraged to explore the Big Ten Academic Alliance FreeApp fee waiver program . In rare cases, a faculty member you meet at a conference such as the October Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) Annual Meeting may be able to assist with your application fee: it never hurts to ask faculty directly.          

Research experience can help a PhD applicant gain admission. Applicants are encouraged to do research rotations or volunteer work on projects during their undergraduate years and to strike up conversations with faculty at places like BMES or the Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minoritized Scientists (ABRCMS): a conference for historically excluded community college and undergraduate students in STEM. Programs such as the Buckeye REU  can provide summer research opportunities that blossom into opportunities to pursue a doctoral degree in graduate school. 

We typically host a visit for admitted students who are being recruited in late February or early March. Interested prospective applicants who wish to visit us are welcome to apply to the invitation-only October  Ohio State Graduate Engineering Open House run in collaboration with the College of Engineering Office of Graduate Education -- or you may contact faculty directly to set up a meeting if you find yourself passing through Columbus. Be sure to provide as much advance notice as possible as faculty and graduate student schedules are busy and get booked far in advance. We typically hold a zoom session held in November for applicants seeking to learn more about applying to the graduate program. 

Graduate school application goals and processes differ from undergraduate ones. Some applicants think of admission as guaranteed if their background and credentials are strong enough; in graduate school, background and credentials are only part of the equation. Here, our BMEGSC members know we need to be able to accommodate a student's educational needs and interests; if we feel we are not the best fit for an MS applicant, or if we cannot find openings in a funded lab for a potentially strong doctoral student, we may not be able to offer admission. For these reasons, results can feel surprising when an application is denied admission. Elements beyond an applicant's control such as the timing of grant awards, vacancies in particular labs, or even delayed graduations here in the program can factor into a program's ability to recruit specific applicants. We want applicants to feel reassured that the Graduate Studies Coordinator and BMEGSC Chair are working with our faculty to make sure our program is able to admit as many graduate students as we can. For these reasons, the number of applicants we admit is fluid throughout a recruitment season; we set no limits ahead of time.      

We admit only those PhD applicants we can fund. All applicants to the PhD program are considered for possible funding through GRA appointments and Fellowship competitions. Fellowships are scholarships that allow students to hit the ground running in a specific faculty lab, or that can provide space and time for research rotations. Typically, when a fellowship is awarded, it comes with a chance to be funded in future years in the lab of a highly interested faculty member. Students who are admitted with a fellowship and choose to do lab rotations must work closely with the Graduate Studies Coordinator and BMEGSC Chair to ensure that continued funding can be arranged. Students recruited to a specific lab with a GRA are essentially being offered a job with a given supervisor; the position itself is connected to the faculty member and cannot be taken to a different lab. We practice what is known as a faculty- or mentor-admit admission model. Other programs may offer a departmental or committee-admit, where funding is not connected to a sole faculty member. It is good to remember the pros and cons of each as you explore graduate programs. 

 BS/MS applicants should contact Ashlynn Fisher to learn all about combined program application details and tips. Traditional MS and PhD applicants are encouraged to apply for Autumn semester start: this is when our introductory graduate courses are offered and the only time to attend a new graduate student orientation featuring many welcome week activities. Incoming new students are more readily able to form bonds and build community in Autumn. That said, if a graduation delay or a special case requires Spring admission for a January start, it is doable -- just less common and less ideal.   

The graduate application process is managed collaboratively by the Graduate Studies Office within BME and the Office of Graduate and Professional Admissions at the University level. The tips above are aimed at making our admission process more transparent; easier to navigate; and worth your time, money, and energy. None of the things mentioned here are designed to discourage interested applicants. We hope we have provided helpful ideas and a more clear sense of all the moving parts behind the scenes of graduate program application. We welcome additional questions, and your patience is always appreciated during the busy recruitment season.

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Congratulations to Dr. Elena Kromidas on successfully defending her PhD thesis!

Home » Congratulations to Dr. Elena Kromidas on successfully defending her PhD thesis!

On May 8th, 2024, Elena Kromidas successfully concluded the journey of her PhD with the defense of her thesis about „Human Cervix In Vitro Models of Healthy, Neoplastic and Cancerous Tissues Based on Organ-on-Chip Technology“ at the Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.

Elena dedicated her research to the development of cervix-on-chip models to comply with the urgent need to advance basic research and to explore novel treatment options in the field of women’s health. The developed microfluidic platform enables the culture of a multilayered ectocervical epithelium on top of a stroma in a physiologically-relevant microenvironment and can be used as model for healthy tissue and cervical infection. Elena furthermore developed cervical models to emulate precancerous lesions and cervical cancer and demonstrated the platform’s applicability for drug testing and the integration and recruitment of immune cells from the vasculature.

The whole µOrganoLab team expresses its heartfelt congratulations to Elena on her exceptional accomplishment. We wish Elena all the best for her future personal and scientific career that we undoubtly believe to inspire future generations of researchers. Way to go, Dr. Kromidas!

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