budget plan for research

The Research Whisperer

Just like the thesis whisperer – but with more money, how to make a simple research budget.

A napkin diagram of the basic concepts in a project: interviews in South East Asia and trails with a Thingatron

Every research project needs a budget*.

If you are applying for funding, you must say what you are planning to spend that funding on. More than that, you need to show how spending that money will help you to answer your research question .

So, developing the budget is the perfect time to plan your project clearly . A good budget shows the assessors that you have thought about your research in detail and, if it is done well, it can serve as a great, convincing overview of the project.

Here are five steps to create a simple budget for your research project.

1. List your activities

Make a list of everything that you plan to do in the project, and who is going to do it.

Take your methodology and turn it into a step-by-step plan. Have you said that you will interview 50 people? Write it on your list.

Are you performing statistical analysis on your sample? Write it down.

Think through the implications of what you are going to do. Do you need to use a Thingatron? Note down that you will need to buy it, install it, and commission it.

What about travel? Write down each trip separately. Be specific. You can’t just go to ‘South East Asia’ to do fieldwork. You need to go to Kuala Lumpur to interview X number of people over Y weeks, then the same again for Singapore and Jakarta.

Your budget list might look like this:

I’m going to do 10 interviews in Kuala Lumpur; 10 interviews in Singapore; 10 interviews in Jakarta by me.
I’ll need teaching release for three months for fieldwork.
I’ll need Flights to KL, Singapore, Jakarta and back to Melbourne.
I’ll need Accommodation for a month in each place, plus per diem.
The transcription service will transcribe the 30 interviews.
I’ll analysis the transcribed results. (No teaching release required – I’ll do it in my meagre research time allowance.)
I’ll need a Thingatron X32C to do the trials.
Thing Inc will need to install the Thingatron. (I wonder how long that will take.)
The research assistant will do three trials a month with the Thingatron.
I’ll need to hire a research assistant (1 day per week for a year at Level B1.)
The research assistant will do the statistical analysis of the Thingatron results.
I’ll do the writing up in my research allowance time.

By the end, you should feel like you have thought through the entire project in detail. You should be able to walk someone else through the project, so grab a critical friend and read the list to them. If they ask questions, write down the answers.

This will help you to get to the level of specificity you need for the next step.

2. Check the rules again

You’ve already read the funding rules, right? If not, go and read them now – I’ll wait right here until you get back.

Once you’ve listed everything you want to do, go back and read the specific rules for budgets again. What is and isn’t allowed? The funding scheme won’t pay for equipment – you’ll need to fund your Thingatron from somewhere else. Cross it off.

Some schemes won’t fund people. Others won’t fund travel. It is important to know what you need for your project. It is just as important to know what you can include in the application that you are writing right now.

Most funding schemes won’t fund infrastructure (like building costs) and other things that aren’t directly related to the project. Some will, though. If they do, you should include overheads (i.e. the general costs that your organisation needs to keep running). This includes the cost of basics like power and lighting; desks and chairs; and cleaners and security staff. It also includes service areas like the university library. Ask your finance officer for help with this. Often, it is a percentage of the overall cost of the project.

If you are hiring people, don’t forget to use the right salary rate and include salary on-costs. These are the extra costs that an organisation has to pay for an employee, but that doesn’t appear in their pay check. This might include things like superannuation, leave loading, insurance, and payroll tax. Once again, your finance officer can help with this.

Your budget list might now look like this:

10 interviews in Kuala Lumpur; 10 interviews in Singapore; 10 interviews in Jakarta by me.
Teaching release for three months for fieldwork.
Flights to KL, Singapore, Jakarta and back to Melbourne.
Accommodation for a month in each place, plus per diem, plus travel insurance (rule 3F).
Transcription of 30 interviews, by the transcription service.
Analysis of transcribed results, by me. No teaching release required.
Purchase and install Thingatron X32C, by Thing Inc . Not allowed by rule 3C . Organise access to Thingatron via partner organistion – this is an in-kind contribution to the project.
Three trials a month with Thingatron, by research assistant.
Statistical analysis of Thingatron results, by research assistant.
Research assistant: 1 day per week for a year at Level B1, plus 25.91% salary on-costs.
Overheads at 125% of total cash request, as per rule 3H.

3. Cost each item

For each item on your list, find a reasonable cost for it . Are you going to interview the fifty people and do the statistical analysis yourself? If so, do you need time release from teaching? How much time? What is your salary for that period of time, or how much will it cost to hire a replacement? Don’t forget any hidden costs, like salary on-costs.

If you aren’t going to do the work yourself, work out how long you need a research assistant for. Be realistic. Work out what level you want to employ them at, and find out how much that costs.

How much is your Thingatron going to cost? Sometimes, you can just look that stuff up on the web. Other times, you’ll need to ring a supplier, particularly if there are delivery and installation costs.

Jump on a travel website and find reasonable costs for travel to Kuala Lumpur and the other places. Find accommodation costs for the period that you are planning to stay, and work out living expenses. Your university, or your government, may have per diem rates for travel like this.

Make a note of where you got each of your estimates from. This will be handy later, when you write the budget justification.

10 interviews in Kuala Lumpur; 10 interviews in Singapore; 10 interviews in Jakarta by me (see below for travel costs).
Teaching release for three months for fieldwork = $25,342 – advice from finance officer.
Flights to KL ($775), Singapore ($564), Jakarta ($726), Melbourne ($535) – Blue Sky airlines, return economy.
Accommodation for a month in each place (KL: $3,500; Sing: $4,245; Jak: $2,750 – long stay, three star accommodation as per TripAdviser).
Per diem for three months (60 days x $125 per day – University travel rules).
Travel insurance (rule 3F): $145 – University travel insurance calculator .
Transcription of 30 interviews, by the transcription service: 30 interviews x 60 minutes per interview x $2.75 per minute – Quote from transcription service, accented voices rate.
Analysis of transcribed results, by me. No teaching release required. (In-kind contribution of university worth $2,112 for one week of my time – advice from finance officer ).
Purchase and install Thingatron X32C, by Thing Inc . Not allowed by rule 3C. Organise access to Thingatron via partner organistion – this is an in-kind contribution to the project. ($2,435 in-kind – quote from partner organisation, at ‘favoured client’ rate.)
Research assistant: 1 day per week for a year at Level B1, plus 25.91% salary on-costs. $12,456 – advice from finance officer.

Things are getting messy, but the next step will tidy it up.

4. Put it in a spreadsheet

Some people work naturally in spreadsheets (like Excel). Others don’t. If you don’t like Excel, tough. You are going to be doing research budgets for the rest of your research life.

When you are working with budgets, a spreadsheet is the right tool for the job, so learn to use it! Learn enough to construct a simple budget – adding things up and multiplying things together will get you through most of it. Go and do a course if you have to.

For a start, your spreadsheet will multiply things like 7 days in Kuala Lumpur at $89.52 per day, and it will also add up all of your sub-totals for you.

If your budget doesn’t add up properly (because, for example, you constructed it as a table in Word), two things will happen. First, you will look foolish. Secondly, and more importantly, people will lose confidence in all your other numbers, too. If your total is wrong, they will start to question the validity of the rest of your budget. You don’t want that.

If you are shy of maths, then Excel is your friend. It will do most of the heavy lifting for you.

For this exercise, the trick is to put each number on a new line. Here is how it might look.

5. Justify it

Accompanying every budget is a budget justification. For each item in your budget, you need to answer two questions:

Why do you need this money?
Where did you get your figures from?

The budget justification links your budget to your project plan and back again. Everything item in your budget should be listed in your budget justification, so take the list from your budget and paste it into your budget justification.

For each item, give a short paragraph that says why you need it. Refer back to the project plan and expand on what is there. For example, if you have listed a research assistant in your application, this is a perfect opportunity to say what the research assistant will be doing.

Also, for each item, show where you got your figures from. For a research assistant, this might mean talking about the level of responsibility required, so people can understand why you chose the salary level. For a flight, it might be as easy as saying: “Blue Sky airlines economy return flight.”

Here is an example for just one aspect of the budget:

Fieldwork: Kuala Lumpur

Past experience has shown that one month allows enough time to refine and localise interview questions with research partners at University of Malaya, test interview instrument, recruit participants, conduct ten x one-hour interviews with field notes. In addition, the novel methodology will be presented at CONF2015, to be held in Malaysia in February 2015.

Melbourne – Kuala Lumpur economy airfare is based on current Blue Sky Airlines rates. Note that airfares have been kept to a minimum by travelling from country to country, rather than returning to Australia.

1 month accommodation is based on three star, long stay accommodation rates provided by TripAdvisor.

30 days per diem rate is based on standard university rates for South-East Asia.

Pro tip: Use the same nomenclature everywhere. If you list a Thingatron X32C in your budget, then call it a Thingatron X32C in your budget justification and project plan. In an ideal world, someone should be able to flip from the project plan, to the budget and to the budget justification and back again and always know exactly where they are.

Project plan: “Doing fieldwork in Malaysia? Whereabouts?” Flips to budget.
Budget: “A month in Kuala Lumpur – OK. Why a month?” Flips to budget justification.
Budget justification: “Ah, the field work happens at the same time as the conference. Now I get it. So, what are they presenting at the conference?” Flips back to the project description…

So, there you have it: Make a list; check the rules; cost everything; spreadsheet it; and then justify it. Budget done. Good job, team!

This article builds on several previous articles. I have shamelessly stolen from them.

Constructing your budget – Jonathan O’Donnell.
What makes a winning budget ? – Jonathan O’Donnell.
How NOT to pad your budget – Tseen Khoo.
Conquer the budget, conquer the project – Tseen Khoo.
Research on a shoestring – Emily Kothe.
How to make a simple Gantt chart – Jonathan O’Donnell.

* Actually, there are some grant schemes that give you a fixed amount of money, which I think is a really great idea . However, you will still need to work out what you are going to spend the money on, so you will still need a budget at some stage, even if you don’t need it for the application.

Also in the ‘simple grant’ series:

How to write a simple research methods section .
How to make a simple Gantt chart .

How to Write a Research Budget Plan?

January 20, 2021

Setting up a research budget plan is really crucial for any Ph.D. candidate or any other researcher. This plan will help you know how expensive your research is. A research budget ensures you if all the costs are covered or if you need any additional funds to cover the research expenses. In conclusion, this guide will help you to provide a realistic appraisal of the research costs.

The simple guide to the research budget plan

Is there a fund? Is there a funding opportunity within the Faculty? How about the cost of publishing your article in an open-access journal? Some Universities fund publication cost too.

Submit the research proposal budget

When you are planning a research budget there is different kind of costs:

Direct Costs:

This kind of cost is utilized solely to execute the research. like expenses on:

Research staff members
Materials & Chemicals
Travel finance: Attending research-related conferences, seminars, and training travel expenses for the surveys and data collection and Visiting expenses to other institutions.

Indirect Costs

These expenses will be reserved for institutional facilities when conducting your research. For example:

Institutional laboratory
Electricity
Water & Energy usage
Telecommunication charges
Equipment: printer, computer, or other electronic items

Types of Research Budget

There is 2 kind of budget designs:

Modular Design Budget

The direct costs are equal to or less than $250,000 annually
You have research grants

Detailed Design Budget

Your direct costs are more than $250,000 per annum
You are applying for grants other than research grant type or its equivalents

Plan your Research Budget

When you find the research question and plan a suitable study design; You can guess the unpredictable charges that can arise while researching. Consider these five main points while planning your research budget:

1-Budget Essentials

Which items will affect your research budget? These are mainly:

The study design
Testing procedures
Sample collection methods
Research settings.

2-Instructions of the Funding Agency

Find the introduction of budget rules and limitations by your funding agency.

3- Categorization of Each Item

You should do a breakdown of the budget item-wise and year-wise with cost calculation. After that, consider the recurring and nonrecurring items that are directly related to your research.

4-Justification of Each Item

For every enlisted item provide a solid justification for its importance in your research budget.

5- Review & Verification of the Research Budget

Reviewing is the most significant step of your budget plan. Above all, Recalculate the cost of each item and the total items. Remember that too low or high budget will raise suspicion in the mind of your reviewers. So stay in the research budget range.

plan a research budget direct cost and indirect costs

Budget Justification

The funding agencies require justification for each item of the budget plan. This document is also known as the budget narrative page. In other words, It reasons the importance of each item. Academictown suggests drawing a three-columned table with:

The name of the item in the first column
The quantity and cost in the second column
A justification statement in the third column

Budget Summary

At last, provide a summarized form of your budget to specify every item with its cost per annum:

The non-recurring items will only be specified under the first-year heading as they have a one-time expense.
The recurring items will be mentioned in both years, along with their costs.

This research budget plan prepares you for all the financial aids you need. The plan will inform you about the expenses of each research item and method. The budget section is the key factor of success or failure for your proposal. For instance, You can manage the items with a spreadsheet. Pointing out and categorizing the direct and indirect costs, at last, will be able to plan and compose a well-scripted budget.

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Conduct , Grants and Funding

How to Plan and Write a Budget for Research Grant Proposal

Conductscience.

Need equipment for your lab?

To be a successful candidate for a research grant, you need perfect budget formulation and justification. Here, we will help you plan the research budget for your grant proposal and give you handy tips to transform it into a convincible form.

Budget as a Skeletal Support

Your budget is the skeleton of your grant proposal. It provides the estimated finance your research needs to be completed in a particular time range. It also gives the funders an exact knowledge about where their funds will be used and how will they be financed ( Asya, 2008 ). It is your responsibility to postulate clearly how you will manage the funds if granted. An excellent budget plan will compel your funders to assume that you have thought about every financial detail concerning your project.

Specific Terminologies to Know Beforehand

Certain wordings are preferred to convey your research budget information better. It is important to familiarize with them before constructing the budget section of the proposals. The lexis includes:

Direct Costs

These are the expenses that are utilized solely for executing your research. For example, expenses on your research staff members, tools, materials, and travel finance.

Facilities & Administrative Costs (Indirect Costs)

These are the overhead charges reserved for institutional facilities that you avail yourself while conducting your research. For example, institutional laboratory, electricity, and water usage costs.

Fringe Benefits

These are the additional benefits provided to the personnel, along with their basic salaries. Every institution has its own set of fringe benefits rates.

Research Consortium

It is a group of institutions that apply for a grant together as one. They have reached a grant agreement, and one of the institutions represents them all. The budget is divided between them.

Types of Budget

There are two budget designs used in the NIH grant applications. Specific points will decide the type of budget design form you have to use for your application. These are:

Modular Design Budget

Your budget design is considered modular when your research fulfills the following criteria:

Your direct costs are equal to or less than $250,000 annually
You are applying for research grants or their equivalents
Your institution is located in the United States

Detailed Design Budget

Your budget design should be in detailed form if your research project fulfills any of the below-mentioned criteria:

Your direct costs are more than $250,000 per annum
You are applying for grants other than research grant type or its equivalents
Your institution is situated outside the United States

For the modular design, you have to fill out the PHS 398 modular budget application form, and for the detailed design budget, you have to use the R & R detailed budget application form.

Planning your Budget

Your budget planning starts when you find the research question and decide on a suitable study design. You should also be able to guess the unpredictable charges that can arise while conducting your research ( Sudheesh, Devika & Nethra, 2016 ). There are five main points to keep in mind while planning your research budget:

Pin-point the Budget Essentials

Think about all the things that will affect your research budget. These are mainly the study design, testing procedures, sample collection methods, and research settings. The more complicated and unique these essentials will be, the higher will be your budget requirements. Also, observe the already present resources and will they benefit your research budget.

Follow the Instructions of the Funding Agency

The next point to consider while planning your budget is to abide by the budget rules and limitations of your particular funding agency. Read each instruction carefully and remember not to deviate from it. It is expected of you to provide the exact list of items necessary for your project.

Categorization of Each Item

Thirdly, a breakdown of each item into its related category should be made along with its cost. A breakdown of the budget item-wise and year-wise with cost calculation should be done. Point out the recurring and nonrecurring items that are directly related to your research. All this planning is done beforehand to ensure proper budget management.

Justification of Each Item

For every enlisted item, you should be able to provide a solid justification for its importance in your research. Only a well-justified budget document can win the confidence of the peer reviewers.

Review & Verification of the Budget Items

Reviewing is the most significant step for every document or proposal. You can ask your team members to review your budget document for you. Also, recalculate the cost of each item and the total items combined cost per annum. Keep in mind that too low or high budget will only raise suspicion in the mind of your reviewers. So, make sure you plan a research budget range, not more than the maximum limit set by your funding agency ( Michael et al., 2019 ).

Scripting your Budget onto the Grant Application

Projecting your finances into your application requires skills. When writing, we primarily divide our budget into two sub-sections. These include:

As mentioned before, these are the direct expenses on which your research is largely dependent. So, firstly, give the heading of direct costs and then further give the following subheadings with explanations.

Personnel Involved

If your research project involves resource team members, here is where you have to mention them. Your resource team includes the technicians, laboratory attendants, site caretakers, data entry personnel, junior researchers, and the senior researcher involved. Specify their allowances and salaries in an organized manner.

Recurring Expenditure

These expenses occur regularly and yet cannot be avoided. These include equipment usage, laboratory-conducted diagnostic tests, telecommunication charges, chemicals, and any other essential items. Fees for human subjects involved in your research are also stated here.

Non-recurring Expenditure

These are the costs of items for which you have to pay one-time charges, and then their use is free. These include buying charges for the printer, computer, or other electronic items. Once you buy them, they are charge-free. Thus, you have to specify all the non-recurring charges in your budget form.

Traveling Expenditure

In this subheading, specify the amount spent on your traveling for research purposes. Separately mention your traveling costs for attending research-related conferences, seminars, and training. Also, mention the travel expenses for the surveys and data collection. Visiting expenses to other institutions for the sake of a research study can also be mentioned here.

Indirect Costs

The second sub-section is indirect expenditure. It includes facilities that are indirectly related to your research project. These can be library facilities, electricity, and water usage for your experiments and test conduction. These are also called overhead charges that are paid specifically to the institution for providing such facilities ( Ahmed & Abdullah, 2017 ).

Budget Overview

In the final paragraph, write a short finalizing note relating your budget outlining the main point. This should be a 4 to 5-lined paragraph.

Budget Justification

Most of the funding agencies separately require justification for each item that you specified in your above-mentioned budget form. This document is also known as the budget narrative page. It reasons the importance of that item for your research conduction. Each item is mentioned in the same order as in your budget form and should be justified respectively ( Al-Jundi & Salah, 2016 ). It is best to make a three-columned table with the name of the item in the first column, the quantity and cost in the second column, and a justification statement in the third column.

Budget Summary

In the last, you have to provide a summarized form of your budget for your proposed research. It is written at the end when you have completed writing your whole application. In this, you have to specify every item with its cost per annum. The non-recurring items will only be specified under the first-year heading as they have a one-time expense. Likewise, the recurring items will be mentioned in both years, along with their costs.

Esthetical Considerations

The following points will enhance the esthetics of your budget section:

Headings & Bullet points

Writing the budget items under a categorized heading will make it easy for the reviewers to retrieve the necessary points in your budget. You can use bullet marks or checklist signs to highlight your main points. This will show the reviewers that you have the budget representation skills and that your enlisted budget finance is authentic.

Tabulations

Try to write your budget essentials in a tabulated form with three main columns. The first column represents the item name. The second column specifies the cost of that particular essential. The third column signifies the importance of your particular essential in performing your research. This will save both time and effort of reviewers who have to scrutinize many applications at a time.

Organization

The pattern you follow for each essential specification in the budget form should be followed in the same manner while writing the budget justification document. There should be a flow in your budget data and which will further enhance its esthetics.

Elementary Language

Your language should be simple enough to be understood by a common person. Complicated terms and phrases will only make it difficult for reviewers to reach your point of view.

Your budget prepares you for all the financial aids you need to conduct your research. It informs you about the expenses of each research item and method. In this way, you can choose an economical procedure for your research. The budget section is considered as the key factor of success or failure for your proposal. This section requires a skillful approach and should be handled delicately. Nowadays, research writers record their budget in the form of electronic spreadsheets. It is easy to manage the budget essentials and the expenses via these excel spreadsheets. You just need to point out and categorize the direct and indirect costs in the already drawn tabulated budget spreadsheet. Hence, you will be able to plan and compose a well-scripted budget by following the instructions given in this article.

Al-Riyami, A. (2008, April). How to Prepare a Research Proposal. Oman Medical Journal , 23 (2), 66–69. http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3282423
Duggappa, D.R., Nethra, S.S. & Sudheesh, K. (2016, September). How to Write a Research Proposal? Indian Journal of Anaesthesia , 60 (9), 631–634. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.190617
Burkhardt, J., Carlson, J.N., Gottlieb, M., King, A.M., Lee, S., Santen, S.A. & Wong, A.H. (2019, January). Show Me the Money: Successfully Obtaining Grant Funding in Medical Education. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine , 20 (1), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2018.10.41269
Al-Maniri, A. & Al-Shukaili, A. (2017). Writing a Research Proposal to the Research Council of Oman. Oman Medical Journal , 32 (3), 180–188. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2017.35
Azzam, A. & Sakka, S. (2016, November). Protocol Writing in Clinical Research. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, 10(11), Z10–Z13. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/21426.8865

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How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates

How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates

Published on October 12, 2022 by Shona McCombes and Tegan George. Revised on November 21, 2023.

A research proposal describes what you will investigate, why it’s important, and how you will conduct your research.

The format of a research proposal varies between fields, but most proposals will contain at least these elements:

Introduction

Literature review.

Research design

Reference list

While the sections may vary, the overall objective is always the same. A research proposal serves as a blueprint and guide for your research plan, helping you get organized and feel confident in the path forward you choose to take.

Research proposal purpose, research proposal examples, research design and methods, contribution to knowledge, research schedule, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about research proposals.

Academics often have to write research proposals to get funding for their projects. As a student, you might have to write a research proposal as part of a grad school application , or prior to starting your thesis or dissertation .

In addition to helping you figure out what your research can look like, a proposal can also serve to demonstrate why your project is worth pursuing to a funder, educational institution, or supervisor.

Research proposal length

The length of a research proposal can vary quite a bit. A bachelor’s or master’s thesis proposal can be just a few pages, while proposals for PhD dissertations or research funding are usually much longer and more detailed. Your supervisor can help you determine the best length for your work.

One trick to get started is to think of your proposal’s structure as a shorter version of your thesis or dissertation , only without the results , conclusion and discussion sections.

Download our research proposal template

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See an example

Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We’ve included a few for you below.

Example research proposal #1: “A Conceptual Framework for Scheduling Constraint Management”
Example research proposal #2: “Medical Students as Mediators of Change in Tobacco Use”

Like your dissertation or thesis, the proposal will usually have a title page that includes:

The proposed title of your project
Your supervisor’s name
Your institution and department

The first part of your proposal is the initial pitch for your project. Make sure it succinctly explains what you want to do and why.

Your introduction should:

Introduce your topic
Give necessary background and context
Outline your problem statement and research questions

To guide your introduction , include information about:

Who could have an interest in the topic (e.g., scientists, policymakers)
How much is already known about the topic
What is missing from this current knowledge
What new insights your research will contribute
Why you believe this research is worth doing

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As you get started, it’s important to demonstrate that you’re familiar with the most important research on your topic. A strong literature review shows your reader that your project has a solid foundation in existing knowledge or theory. It also shows that you’re not simply repeating what other people have already done or said, but rather using existing research as a jumping-off point for your own.

In this section, share exactly how your project will contribute to ongoing conversations in the field by:

Comparing and contrasting the main theories, methods, and debates
Examining the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches
Explaining how will you build on, challenge, or synthesize prior scholarship

Following the literature review, restate your main objectives . This brings the focus back to your own project. Next, your research design or methodology section will describe your overall approach, and the practical steps you will take to answer your research questions.

To finish your proposal on a strong note, explore the potential implications of your research for your field. Emphasize again what you aim to contribute and why it matters.

For example, your results might have implications for:

Improving best practices
Informing policymaking decisions
Strengthening a theory or model
Challenging popular or scientific beliefs
Creating a basis for future research

Last but not least, your research proposal must include correct citations for every source you have used, compiled in a reference list . To create citations quickly and easily, you can use our free APA citation generator .

Some institutions or funders require a detailed timeline of the project, asking you to forecast what you will do at each stage and how long it may take. While not always required, be sure to check the requirements of your project.

Here’s an example schedule to help you get started. You can also download a template at the button below.

Download our research schedule template

If you are applying for research funding, chances are you will have to include a detailed budget. This shows your estimates of how much each part of your project will cost.

Make sure to check what type of costs the funding body will agree to cover. For each item, include:

Cost : exactly how much money do you need?
Justification : why is this cost necessary to complete the research?
Source : how did you calculate the amount?

To determine your budget, think about:

Travel costs : do you need to go somewhere to collect your data? How will you get there, and how much time will you need? What will you do there (e.g., interviews, archival research)?
Materials : do you need access to any tools or technologies?
Help : do you need to hire any research assistants for the project? What will they do, and how much will you pay them?

If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Methodology

Sampling methods
Simple random sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Likert scales
Reproducibility

Statistics

Null hypothesis
Statistical power
Probability distribution
Effect size
Poisson distribution

Research bias

Optimism bias
Cognitive bias
Implicit bias
Hawthorne effect
Anchoring bias
Explicit bias

Once you’ve decided on your research objectives , you need to explain them in your paper, at the end of your problem statement .

Keep your research objectives clear and concise, and use appropriate verbs to accurately convey the work that you will carry out for each one.

I will compare …

A research aim is a broad statement indicating the general purpose of your research project. It should appear in your introduction at the end of your problem statement , before your research objectives.

Research objectives are more specific than your research aim. They indicate the specific ways you’ll address the overarching aim.

A PhD, which is short for philosophiae doctor (doctor of philosophy in Latin), is the highest university degree that can be obtained. In a PhD, students spend 3–5 years writing a dissertation , which aims to make a significant, original contribution to current knowledge.

A PhD is intended to prepare students for a career as a researcher, whether that be in academia, the public sector, or the private sector.

A master’s is a 1- or 2-year graduate degree that can prepare you for a variety of careers.

All master’s involve graduate-level coursework. Some are research-intensive and intend to prepare students for further study in a PhD; these usually require their students to write a master’s thesis . Others focus on professional training for a specific career.

Critical thinking refers to the ability to evaluate information and to be aware of biases or assumptions, including your own.

Like information literacy , it involves evaluating arguments, identifying and solving problems in an objective and systematic way, and clearly communicating your ideas.

The best way to remember the difference between a research plan and a research proposal is that they have fundamentally different audiences. A research plan helps you, the researcher, organize your thoughts. On the other hand, a dissertation proposal or research proposal aims to convince others (e.g., a supervisor, a funding body, or a dissertation committee) that your research topic is relevant and worthy of being conducted.

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Develop a research budget
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Budgets should provide the sponsor with an accurate assessment of all cost items and cost amounts that are deemed necessary and reasonable to carry out your project. They should be based upon your description or the statement of work. Budget justification provides more in-depth detail and reason for each cost and is often considered by reviewers as a good indicator of the feasibility of the research.

A research budget contains both direct costs and indirect costs (overhead), but the level of detail varies from sponsor to sponsor. The first step in developing a budget is to carefully read the guidelines of the funding opportunity being pursued.

There is no magic formula available for developing a budget but there are some basic steps to follow in order to develop an accurate budget:

Define project tasks, timelines and milestones and determine the actual resources and costs required to complete these. Consider whether contingencies are needed (and confirm they are eligible expenses).
Determine the eligible expense categories and maximum amount allowed by the sponsor. Adjust scope of the project to make sure proposed activities fit within the allowance.
Categorize these costs (e.g., salaries, supplies, equipment…) per year, in some cases by quarter.
Ensure that project scope and budget match. Include indirect costs of research as permitted by sponsor and the University policy.

The examples below developed by the University of British Columbia demonstrate two ways to include indirect costs in your budget.

Price model: Indirect cost is built into each budget line item.
Cost model: Indirect cost of research is presented as a separate line item.

Unless the sponsor specifies in writing that they require the indirect costs of research to be presented as a separate line item (Cost Model), the indirect cost should be built into each budget line item (Price Model). Indirect costs are normally included in the price of goods and services worldwide.

For example, you are developing a budget for a funding opportunity with an indirect cost rate of 25%. Your direct costs are $201,000 broken down by expense categories shown in the second column of the table below. The third and fourth colums present the two ways you can include the 25% overhead in your budget using the Price Model or the Cost Model, respectively:

In-kind and cash contributions, like other costs to the sponsored project, must be eligible and must be treated in a consistent and uniform manner in proposal preparation and in financial reporting.

Cash contributions

Cash contributions are actual cash transactions that can be documented in the accounting system. Examples of cash contributions include:

allocation of compensated faculty and staff time to projects, or
the purchasing of equipment by the university or other eligible sponsor for the benefit of the project.

In-kind contributions

In-kind contributions are both non-monetary or cash equivalent resources that can be given a cash value, such as goods and/or services in support of a research project or proposal. It is challenging to report on in-kind contribution, please make sure the numbers you use are well supported, consistent and easy to quantitate.

Examples of an in-kind contribution may include:

Access to unique database or information
Professional, analytical, and other donated services
Employee salaries including benefits for time allocated to the project
Study materials, technologies, or components
Patents and licenses for use
Use of facilities (e.g., lab or meeting spaces)
Partner organization time spent participating in the project
Eligible infrastructure items

Matching on sponsored projects

Some sponsored projects require the university and/or a third party to contribute a portion of the project costs–this contribution is known as matching.

Matching requirements may be in the form of an actual cash expenditure of funds or may be an “in-kind” match. For example:

A 1:1 match would require $100 of a third-party matching for every $100 received from an agency.
A 30% match would mean that of a total budget of $100, the agency would provide $70 and a third party would need to match $30.

Examples of agency programs that include some form of matching from a third party are:

NSERC Collaborative Research and Development Grants
NSERC Idea to Innovation Grants
SSHRC Partnership Grants
CIHR Industry Partnered Collaborative Research Program, and
CIHR Proof of Principle Grants

Additional resources

Current salary and benefit rates for graduate students and postdocs/research associates
SFU Business and Travel Expense Policy
Animal care services

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How to write a research plan: Step-by-step guide

Last updated

30 January 2024

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Today’s businesses and institutions rely on data and analytics to inform their product and service decisions. These metrics influence how organizations stay competitive and inspire innovation. However, gathering data and insights requires carefully constructed research, and every research project needs a roadmap. This is where a research plan comes into play.

There’s general research planning; then there’s an official, well-executed research plan. Whatever data-driven research project you’re gearing up for, the research plan will be your framework for execution. The plan should also be detailed and thorough, with a diligent set of criteria to formulate your research efforts. Not including these key elements in your plan can be just as harmful as having no plan at all.

Read this step-by-step guide for writing a detailed research plan that can apply to any project, whether it’s scientific, educational, or business-related.

What is a research plan?

A research plan is a documented overview of a project in its entirety, from end to end. It details the research efforts, participants, and methods needed, along with any anticipated results. It also outlines the project’s goals and mission, creating layers of steps to achieve those goals within a specified timeline.

Without a research plan, you and your team are flying blind, potentially wasting time and resources to pursue research without structured guidance.

The principal investigator, or PI, is responsible for facilitating the research oversight. They will create the research plan and inform team members and stakeholders of every detail relating to the project. The PI will also use the research plan to inform decision-making throughout the project.

Why do you need a research plan?

Create a research plan before starting any official research to maximize every effort in pursuing and collecting the research data. Crucially, the plan will model the activities needed at each phase of the research project.

Like any roadmap, a research plan serves as a valuable tool providing direction for those involved in the project—both internally and externally. It will keep you and your immediate team organized and task-focused while also providing necessary definitions and timelines so you can execute your project initiatives with full understanding and transparency.

External stakeholders appreciate a working research plan because it’s a great communication tool, documenting progress and changing dynamics as they arise. Any participants of your planned research sessions will be informed about the purpose of your study, while the exercises will be based on the key messaging outlined in the official plan.

Here are some of the benefits of creating a research plan document for every project:

Project organization and structure

Well-informed participants

All stakeholders and teams align in support of the project

Clearly defined project definitions and purposes

Distractions are eliminated, prioritizing task focus

Timely management of individual task schedules and roles

Costly reworks are avoided

What should a research plan include?

The different aspects of your research plan will depend on the nature of the project. However, most official research plan documents will include the core elements below. Each aims to define the problem statement, devising an official plan for seeking a solution.

Specific project goals and individual objectives

Ideal strategies or methods for reaching those goals

Required resources

Descriptions of the target audience, sample sizes, demographics, and scopes

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

Project background

Research and testing support

Preliminary studies and progress reporting mechanisms

Cost estimates and change order processes

Depending on the research project’s size and scope, your research plan could be brief—perhaps only a few pages of documented plans. Alternatively, it could be a fully comprehensive report. Either way, it’s an essential first step in dictating your project’s facilitation in the most efficient and effective way.

How to write a research plan for your project

When you start writing your research plan, aim to be detailed about each step, requirement, and idea. The more time you spend curating your research plan, the more precise your research execution efforts will be.

Account for every potential scenario, and be sure to address each and every aspect of the research.

Consider following this flow to develop a great research plan for your project:

Define your project’s purpose

Start by defining your project’s purpose. Identify what your project aims to accomplish and what you are researching. Remember to use clear language.

Thinking about the project’s purpose will help you set realistic goals and inform how you divide tasks and assign responsibilities. These individual tasks will be your stepping stones to reach your overarching goal.

Additionally, you’ll want to identify the specific problem, the usability metrics needed, and the intended solutions.

Know the following three things about your project’s purpose before you outline anything else:

What you’re doing

Why you’re doing it

What you expect from it

Identify individual objectives

With your overarching project objectives in place, you can identify any individual goals or steps needed to reach those objectives. Break them down into phases or steps. You can work backward from the project goal and identify every process required to facilitate it.

Be mindful to identify each unique task so that you can assign responsibilities to various team members. At this point in your research plan development, you’ll also want to assign priority to those smaller, more manageable steps and phases that require more immediate or dedicated attention.

Select research methods

Research methods might include any of the following:

User interviews: this is a qualitative research method where researchers engage with participants in one-on-one or group conversations. The aim is to gather insights into their experiences, preferences, and opinions to uncover patterns, trends, and data.

Field studies: this approach allows for a contextual understanding of behaviors, interactions, and processes in real-world settings. It involves the researcher immersing themselves in the field, conducting observations, interviews, or experiments to gather in-depth insights.

Card sorting: participants categorize information by sorting content cards into groups based on their perceived similarities. You might use this process to gain insights into participants’ mental models and preferences when navigating or organizing information on websites, apps, or other systems.

Focus groups: use organized discussions among select groups of participants to provide relevant views and experiences about a particular topic.

Diary studies: ask participants to record their experiences, thoughts, and activities in a diary over a specified period. This method provides a deeper understanding of user experiences, uncovers patterns, and identifies areas for improvement.

Five-second testing: participants are shown a design, such as a web page or interface, for just five seconds. They then answer questions about their initial impressions and recall, allowing you to evaluate the design’s effectiveness.

Surveys: get feedback from participant groups with structured surveys. You can use online forms, telephone interviews, or paper questionnaires to reveal trends, patterns, and correlations.

Tree testing: tree testing involves researching web assets through the lens of findability and navigability. Participants are given a textual representation of the site’s hierarchy (the “tree”) and asked to locate specific information or complete tasks by selecting paths.

Usability testing: ask participants to interact with a product, website, or application to evaluate its ease of use. This method enables you to uncover areas for improvement in digital key feature functionality by observing participants using the product.

Live website testing: research and collect analytics that outlines the design, usability, and performance efficiencies of a website in real time.

There are no limits to the number of research methods you could use within your project. Just make sure your research methods help you determine the following:

What do you plan to do with the research findings?

What decisions will this research inform? How can your stakeholders leverage the research data and results?

Recruit participants and allocate tasks

Next, identify the participants needed to complete the research and the resources required to complete the tasks. Different people will be proficient at different tasks, and having a task allocation plan will allow everything to run smoothly.

Prepare a thorough project summary

Every well-designed research plan will feature a project summary. This official summary will guide your research alongside its communications or messaging. You’ll use the summary while recruiting participants and during stakeholder meetings. It can also be useful when conducting field studies.

Ensure this summary includes all the elements of your research project. Separate the steps into an easily explainable piece of text that includes the following:

An introduction: the message you’ll deliver to participants about the interview, pre-planned questioning, and testing tasks.

Interview questions: prepare questions you intend to ask participants as part of your research study, guiding the sessions from start to finish.

An exit message: draft messaging your teams will use to conclude testing or survey sessions. These should include the next steps and express gratitude for the participant’s time.

Create a realistic timeline

While your project might already have a deadline or a results timeline in place, you’ll need to consider the time needed to execute it effectively.

Realistically outline the time needed to properly execute each supporting phase of research and implementation. And, as you evaluate the necessary schedules, be sure to include additional time for achieving each milestone in case any changes or unexpected delays arise.

For this part of your research plan, you might find it helpful to create visuals to ensure your research team and stakeholders fully understand the information.

Determine how to present your results

A research plan must also describe how you intend to present your results. Depending on the nature of your project and its goals, you might dedicate one team member (the PI) or assume responsibility for communicating the findings yourself.

In this part of the research plan, you’ll articulate how you’ll share the results. Detail any materials you’ll use, such as:

Presentations and slides

A project report booklet

A project findings pamphlet

Documents with key takeaways and statistics

Graphic visuals to support your findings

Format your research plan

As you create your research plan, you can enjoy a little creative freedom. A plan can assume many forms, so format it how you see fit. Determine the best layout based on your specific project, intended communications, and the preferences of your teams and stakeholders.

Find format inspiration among the following layouts:

Written outlines

Narrative storytelling

Visual mapping

Graphic timelines

Remember, the research plan format you choose will be subject to change and adaptation as your research and findings unfold. However, your final format should ideally outline questions, problems, opportunities, and expectations.

Research plan example

Imagine you’ve been tasked with finding out how to get more customers to order takeout from an online food delivery platform. The goal is to improve satisfaction and retain existing customers. You set out to discover why more people aren’t ordering and what it is they do want to order or experience.

You identify the need for a research project that helps you understand what drives customer loyalty. But before you jump in and start calling past customers, you need to develop a research plan—the roadmap that provides focus, clarity, and realistic details to the project.

Here’s an example outline of a research plan you might put together:

Project title

Project members involved in the research plan

Purpose of the project (provide a summary of the research plan’s intent)

Objective 1 (provide a short description for each objective)

Objective 2

Objective 3

Proposed timeline

Audience (detail the group you want to research, such as customers or non-customers)

Budget (how much you think it might cost to do the research)

Risk factors/contingencies (any potential risk factors that may impact the project’s success)

Remember, your research plan doesn’t have to reinvent the wheel—it just needs to fit your project’s unique needs and aims.

Customizing a research plan template

Some companies offer research plan templates to help get you started. However, it may make more sense to develop your own customized plan template. Be sure to include the core elements of a great research plan with your template layout, including the following:

Introductions to participants and stakeholders

Background problems and needs statement

Significance, ethics, and purpose

Research methods, questions, and designs

Preliminary beliefs and expectations

Implications and intended outcomes

Realistic timelines for each phase

Conclusion and presentations

How many pages should a research plan be?

Generally, a research plan can vary in length between 500 to 1,500 words. This is roughly three pages of content. More substantial projects will be 2,000 to 3,500 words, taking up four to seven pages of planning documents.

What is the difference between a research plan and a research proposal?

A research plan is a roadmap to success for research teams. A research proposal, on the other hand, is a dissertation aimed at convincing or earning the support of others. Both are relevant in creating a guide to follow to complete a project goal.

What are the seven steps to developing a research plan?

While each research project is different, it’s best to follow these seven general steps to create your research plan:

Defining the problem

Identifying goals

Choosing research methods

Recruiting participants

Preparing the brief or summary

Establishing task timelines

Defining how you will present the findings

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The Principal Investigator has primary responsibility for budget planning, in consultation with the department chair or director of the research unit. Budgets for all sponsored proposals are subject to review by ORSP.

A Special Note About NIH Grant-Related Data Sharing Costs

Certain funding agencies (e.g. the National Institutes of Health (NIH)) are increasingly allowing data management and sharing (DMS) costs to be included as direct costs in proposal budgets.

NIH DMS costs should be shared in the appropriate cost category, e.g., personnel, equipment, supplies, and other expenses, following the instructions and providing details as instructed within the applicable form (e.g., R&R Budget Form or PHS 398 Modular Budget Form).

In most cases, the DMS Plan oversight at U-M will be provided by the principal investigator (PI) and other study personnel. If help is needed, consider these resources:

OVPR Research Data Stewardship page - NIH DMSP resources
U-M Library - Research Guides - Research Data Management
U-M Navigate Webinar - NIH Data Management & Sharing Policy (Nov 1, 2022)

Budget Format

Sponsors often prescribe the budget format that must accompany the proposal, including the specific cost categories that should be identified. The format shown on the sample budget page may be used, however, if one is not specified by the sponsor. Be sure to check with your department, unit, school or college administrator to determine the best practice.

The budget should be subdivided into periods of 12-month duration (unless partial year funding is anticipated). A "starting date" should be specified, since it is essential to ensure accurate budget calculations. If cost-sharing is included, each budget period should include columns for both "Sponsor" and "University" costs. A budget summary should be included for proposals with multi-year funding. All budget entries should be rounded to the nearest whole dollar.

Salary and Wages

The salary category in the proposed budget should include the names and/or titles for all personnel involved in the project. The number of person months or percent effort to be applied to the project should also be shown. Total salary costs can be determined by applying the percentage of effort to the current salary rates. An appropriate escalation rate (e.g., 3%) should be used to determine salary requirements beyond the current fiscal year. While standard percentages are applied to make these calculations, no commitment and no constraint on the rate of increase for a given individual is implied by this procedure.

If a faculty member is working on several sponsored projects, care must be exercised to ensure that no more than 100 percent of effort is committed to the aggregate of all projects and other University responsibilities.

Summer salary:

Summer salary for faculty with academic year (AY) appointments can be figured at one-ninth of their institutional base salary for each month of summer effort. A maximum of two and one-half months may be included for the whole summer. Some sponsors, however, impose specific limitations on summer salaries. The National Science Foundation, for example, usually will not pay for more than two months of summer research at a rate of one-ninth of the AY salary per month.

Technical staff

Costs incurred for the same purpose in like circumstances must be treated consistently. For example, salaries of technical staff should be treated as direct costs wherever the work to be undertaken can be identified with a particular sponsored project. Direct charging of these costs may be accomplished by specifying individual positions within the project budget or through the use of recharge rates or specialized service facilities, as appropriate under the circumstances.

Administrative and clerical support

The salaries of administrative and clerical support staff normally should be treated as indirect costs . However, it may be appropriate to charge these costs directly to a sponsored project when the participation of the administrative/clerical staff being charged to a federal project meet all four of the following conditions as set forth in §200.413 of the Uniform Guidance:

“(1) Administrative or clerical services are integral to a project or activity;

(2) Individuals involved can be specifically identified with the project or activity;

(3) Such costs are explicitly included in the budget or have the prior written approval of the Federal awarding agency; and

(4) The costs are not also recovered as indirect costs.”

The meaning of (4) is the same as that of 200.403(d) above. That is to say, the project must require support services beyond the normal scope necessary for the typical sponsored project (i.e., it is an unlike circumstance).

Personnel may be hired to work on a sponsored project on an hourly basis for periods up to 12 months. Individuals hired on this basis receive no staff benefits other than Social Security and should be advised accordingly. The Personnel Service Center should be consulted to obtain the appropriate hourly rates for various categories of employment.

Staff benefits are charged to sponsored project accounts on a real cost basis. Depending on the mix of personnel assigned to the project, the staff benefit rate may show significant variation. While it may be possible to apply an average benefit rate (30%), it may be more appropriate in some situations to calculate the staff benefits on an employee-by-employee basis. The range of applicable benefit rates are provided in Staff Benefits Table .

GSRA Compensation, Tuition, and Benefits

GSRA Cost Estimates are for budget estimating purposes only and may vary from school to school. A GSRA appointment may be held from May through August, even though the GSRA is not enrolled in the University during that time. If the appointment is for the winter and fall terms, the fringe benefit charges should be budgeted for the full year, since the student is eligible for coverage during the intervening summer even though he or she is not on a GSRA appointment at that time.

The non-resident tuition differential is provided by the University for out-of-state students appointed as GSRAs. In-state tuition should be charged to sponsored accounts for GSRAs with appointments of 25% or greater. However, Schools and Colleges may provide tuition fellowships to cover a portion of the in-state tuition for GSRAs (see GSRA Cost Estimates ). The portion of the in-state tuition that remains after the fellowship is applied must be included on the grant as a charge to the sponsor.

In-state tuition charges should not be included as part of the GSRA stipend. The modified total direct cost (MTDC) base on which the University's indirect cost rate is calculated must exclude tuition charges. Therefore, indirect costs are not recoverable on tuition charges included in proposals for which the indirect cost rate is based on MTDC. Please contact the appropriate ORSP Project Representative should you have any questions.

Consumable Supplies and Materials

Consumable supplies are items used exclusively in support of project objectives. If it can be demonstrated that such supplies are used only in the conduct of the project and not for other purposes and are consumed completely in the course of the project, such items can be included as direct costs. Laboratory supplies, laboratory notebooks, printer paper for research data and reports, and so forth usually can be justified as consumable supplies. However, when supply items are purchased to support the multiple activities of project personnel, they are considered office supplies and cannot be charged directly to federal funds. Such items would include University stationary, pens, tablets, file folders, staples, paper clips, etc.

The estimated costs of consumable supplies and materials should be indicated in the proposed budget. It is generally acceptable to sponsors to provide a breakdown of supplies and materials by broad categories as opposed to the detailed listing of individual items. Contracts awarded by industries holding a prime contract with a federal agency, however, may require detailed itemization of supplies.

Major items of equipment proposed for acquisition should be itemized by descriptive name and estimated cost, and an adequate justification should be provided in the proposal narrative. Items costing less than $5000 or with a useful life expectancy of less than one year normally should be included under "Supplies and Materials." Shipping and/or installation charges associated with equipment acquisitions should be included in the cost estimates but generally are not itemized.

Specialized Services

Charges for computing services should be budgeted whenever these costs are justified. It is essential, however, that the budget clearly differentiate between central computing services provided by Information Technology Services and other computing services.

Other specialized service centers that have an approved user rate should be included in the proposed budget on a cost basis that reflects the recharge rates with the anticipated number of hours or other units of service clearly indicated. Once established, the schedule of rates must be applied to all users of the services/facilities, including internal-university users. Recharge rates are designed to recover, over the long term, not more than the aggregate cost of the services provided. The recharge/user rate should be included as part of the modified total direct cost (MTDC) for the project and should carry the appropriate indirect cost rate .

Consultants and Subcontracts

Federal agencies frequently establish a maximum daily rate of pay for consultants--specific dollar limits for various agencies are available from ORSP. The University must enter into a formal agreement with the consultant prior to the initiation of his or her effort. Consultant agreements as subject to the full recovery of indirect costs at the rate applicable to other direct cost items in the proposed budget.

The entire cost of a subcontract is normally shown as a single line item under "Other Direct Costs." A formal proposal from the subcontractor--including a statement of work, a detailed budget, period of performance, and key personnel--should be included to support this cost element. The Project Director should provide an explanation of why and how the proposed sub-contractor was selected, including the number of bids obtained.

Subcontracted effort requires a formal agreement between the University and the subcontractor, signed by a University official authorized to enter into contractual agreements on behalf of the Board of Regents. See: the Subcontracts and Hybrid Purchase Orders web page for criteria and procedures. Indirect costs are recovered on the first $25,000 of each subcontract.

Indirect Costs

Indirect costs are real costs of University operations that are not readily assignable to a particular project. The sample budget illustrates the procedures for applying the indirect cost rate .

Human Subject Fees

Human subjects often are paid a fee for their participation in research projects. Protocols for the use of human beings in research, teaching, or testing are reviewed and approved, according to federal, state and university policies. (See: Human Research Protection Program )

Other Costs

Funds may be requested from the sponsor to cover travel costs associated with the proposed project. Sponsors often require a breakdown of such travel costs by trip, reflecting the purpose, point of travel, number of persons, number of days, air fare, lodging and meal costs (per diem), and so forth. If foreign travel is contemplated, the proposal should include relevant information (including names of countries to be visited) and justification. Some sponsors have special regulations (e.g., use of domestic air carriers) governing foreign travel.

Costs of preparing and publishing reports of project results should be included in proposed budgets. Since page charges often are billed well after the completion of the research, it may be necessary to secure time extensions to pay these charges prior to the time that the project is closed out.

Other anticipated direct costs should be itemized--for example, equipment rental, maintenance agreements, or off-campus space rental. Telephone services and postage should not be included unless these costs are expected to be major elements in the project (e.g., telephone surveys). "Miscellaneous" or "contingency" categories should not be included. Items normally considered indirect costs should not be included in the proposed budget unless they are extraordinary and for unlike circumstances (e.g., utility costs required to operate a high-energy particle accelerator).

Network costs, including the hardware, software, personnel services, public access sites, and other related costs required to enable University personnel to share software or data or to communicate electronically with other individuals, are generally considered to be part of the physical infrastructure of the University and should not be included as direct costs in the proposal budget, as these costs are indirect in nature and included as a component of the Facilities & Administrative rate. However, individual workstations and specialized hardware and software attached to the network, which are not available to all users, are not included as part of the network costs and therefore may be treated as direct costs and recovered from sponsored projects through the use of approved recharge rates.

Questions regarding the appropriate treatment of network costs as either direct costs or Facilities & Administrative costs in proposal budgets should be forwarded to the Office of Research and Sponsored Projects.

References and Resources

Direct Cost Other than Salaries
Graduate Student Salaries (GSRAs)
Staff Fringe Benefits
Find Extended Sick Salary Transfer Request forms for those not in Time/Labor System
Rackham Cost Sharing for Federal Training Grants
Sample Budget Table
Contact your unit-level research administrator for the best practices for your department, school, college, or unit.
Contact your ORSP Project Representative regarding any questions about University policies and procedures.
Contact the Office of Contract Administration for further information on subcontracts and consulting agreements.
For information on how to pay human subjects, please see the Treasurer's Office requester/study-coordinator resources and the HSIP (Human Subject Incentive Program .
Budget Reallocation Process (formerly 7471)
Direct Costs
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HSIP (Human Subjects Incentives Program)

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Top 7 Research Budget Templates with Samples and Examples

Tejas Prasanna

There is no magic formula for creating a research budget. Depending on the kind of research and the potential changes it can bring about, careful planning and allocation is necessary. Budgets can, thus, vary depending on the sponsors, besides other factors. However, every research budget has some essential guidelines.

Research budgets depend on the project deliverables, timelines, and milestones. The resources required also depend on the scope of the projects and sponsors.

Best Templates for Planning Your Research Budget

Designing a research budget is not easy. You will need to consider the resources required and categorize them according to guidelines to ensure funding is not a problem. The categories may include the project’s necessary supplies and equipment and the wages you must pay your assistants. Research budgets are allocated for a year, but you can also plan for a quarter, depending on the project.

At SlideTeam, we have taken care of all these pain points and designed content-ready presentation templates that address each of these points. You save the time, the resources, and the tedium in having to make these presentations from scratch.

What is even better is that each of the templates is 100% editable and customizable. The content-ready nature means you get a starting point and a structure to guide your presentation; the editability feature means you can customize the template to audience profile.

Let’s explore these templates now.

Template 1 - Impact matrix evaluation research solution budget

This PPT Template is the perfect solution for your research budgeting needs. The matrix suggests what solutions are essential with the help of relevant keys that assign priority levels. Priorities go from low to highest influence with increasing importance. They are color-coded, with white being the lowest and red being the highest influence. For instance, Maintain Awareness and Evaluation are red in many cases, as shown in the slide. So, that means that they bear a significant impact on the research budget. Similarly, Strategic and Budget Planning are color-coded white, which means they don't impact the research budget as much in some cases.

With the impact matrix and heatmap, mapping out your research budget will be a breeze.

Impact Matrix Evaluation Research Solution Budget

Get it now!

Template 2 Half-yearly research and development departmental budget

Research and Development departments can plan the budget required for projects for the two halves of the year using this PPT Template. The presentation template highlights areas for which you will need funding such as research and development, skills, innovation and patenting, and cooperation. You can also list your requirements for each area. For instance, under R&D and skills, you may need funding for medical research, chemical research, etc. Similarly, for innovation and patenting, you may need funding for product innovation and to cover patenting costs. Likewise, cooperation may involve setting up new laboratories and research centers. With this outlined, you can split the budget required for your research project for the two halves of the year.

Download now!

Template 3 - Budget Estimate for Research and Development Project

This presentation template for the budget estimate for your research and development project is apt for arriving at the calculation for the four quarters in a year. You can define and assign tasks as per the requirements of the project and allocate a set budget for each. The tasks may involve conducting market research and competitive analysis or be innovative or developmental. In either case, you can use this template to set a fixed budget for each task in the research project.

Get it today!

Template 4 Clinical Trial Phases with Communication and Budget Research Design for Clinical Trials

Clinical trials involve many phases, and you should let your research associates know about each step. For instance, you could post the information on the company website and provide relevant insights during the pre-trial phase. Similarly, you can offer the welcome letter and training materials during the trial start-up. During the trial, you can send newsletters to your associates, giving them relevant information and other valuable insights. All this requires funding, and you will need to allocate a budget. However, you don't need to worry, as this PPT Preset has you sorted, with dedicated sections for the pre-trial, trial start-up, during-trial, and trial-end phases. It also has communication, insights summary, and budget sections. You can use the budget section in the matrix to allot a budget for each trial phase and each section, including communication and insights.

Download here!

Template 5 Market research strategy with budget and area

The PPT Template has all the core elements required for your market research strategy, including the budget and area. This slide lets you list your clients, the items, and when to send them. You can also list background information related to your research, the aim and objectives of the project, the areas covered, and the budget.

The presentation template also provides a dedicated space to list your brands and products and a timeline for completing the research.

Market Research Strategy with Budget and Area

Template 6 - Determine Budget for Psychology Research Proposal One-Pager Sample Example Document

This presentation template is an easy-to-use tool for determining the budget required for psychology research. With this slide, you can allocate a budget for each area, including diagnostic assessment, training, technology and tools, supplies, travel, and workforce. It is a practical, hands-on template with information required to plan the budget for conducting psychological tests and evaluations. Please note that depending on your geography, taxes might or might not deserve a separate column.

Template 7 - Budgeting for Product Launch Market Research

Every company needs to conduct market research before launching a new product. The PowerPoint Presentation that you have here can help you plan the budget required for conducting such market research. It includes necessary information, including business and research objectives, priorities, methodologies, and forecasts. The presentation template also has the metrics required for the research, such as improving customer engagement, introducing new products, and increasing market share. For example, to improve customer engagement, you may be looking to improve marketing approaches and gather customer feedback. The methods you may use include conducting marketing mix studies and tests. Similarly, you may want to optimize your social media posts and profiles and conduct A/B tests when introducing new products. Improving your market share may involve analyzing the competition. You may even use this handy template for conducting market research, estimating, and forecasting budgets.

RESEARCH IS IMPORTANT BUSINESS

You can plan your research and the budget required using these templates. Remember that each new product launch has lots of research behind it. When going for a new launch, don’t just research the products and its uses, but also the markets – particularly, your target audience and how they will benefit from your brands. When allocating the budget for your research, don't forget to note your total resources and try to be as cost-effective as possible. You must consider the expected costs that you may incur and use these templates to work out a research budget that fits within your resources.

FAQs on Research Budget

What should be included in a research budget.

Research budgets should include all direct costs, and facilities and administrative costs (F&A). The facilities and administrative expenses are needed to achieve the primary objectives of the research. The project description should state the proposed budget and serve as a financial expression for the research. The idea is to ensure that the budget is comprehensive.

How do you create a research budget?

You can create a simple research budget by following these steps:

List activities that will help you carry out the research.
Check the rules for getting the funding required.
Check all costs involved.
Lay out the costs using a spreadsheet.
Justify your budget by asking why and for what you need the money and where you got your figures.

What is the role of budget in research?

A budget can provide a detailed and clear picture of the structure of the research project, not to mention that it also lets you know how well it can be managed. The research project budget usually lets you see whether it will go according to plan and if it is feasible. So, it must be complete and reasonable.

What is the average budget for a research project?

The budget for a research project depends on the type of research and the proposed difference it could make to a field of study. For instance, the average budget for a market research project may vary between $20,000 and $50,000. Similarly, larger scientific research projects may cost millions or even billions of dollars, as in pharmaceuticals.

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7 Tips to Draft a Compelling Budget for Grant Proposal

While financial support is crucial for conducting research, acquiring funds for your research is a challenging task and so is planning the budget for grant proposal !

The key requisites of a successful grant proposal are:

Uniqueness of the research problem
Best possible plan for solving the problem
Appropriate budget planning

In an attempt to grab the attention of funders, researchers strive to submit innovative research proposals and often overlook other elements when creating a successful grant proposal. One such neglected section is the budget for grant proposals . It is important for funders to know how finances are being utilized. Therefore, adequately estimating how much the project will cost and how the finances will be distributed can make all the difference. In simpler words, your grant proposal must explain your request in both textual and numeral forms.

It is often a challenge for budding researchers to present an estimated cost of their research. However, remember that the grant budget is not an organizational budget! Furthermore, in today’s age of stiff competition, even senior researchers will benefit from improving their budgeting skills. In this article, we will discuss ways on how to draft a compelling budget for grant proposal.

Why is the Budget Section Important for a Grant Proposal?

A grant budget is important to paint the financial picture of your research proposal to the funders. The budget for grant proposal provides the following:

Details of the possible expenditures for the proposed research project .
Reassurance to funders that the researchers have a realistic sense of the expenses to complete the work proposed.
List of other income sources for costs not covered in the grant proposal.
Guarantees an optimal use of the funds.
Makes practical implementation of the research project smoother.

What Constitutes a Budget for Grant Proposal?

An estimated budget quantifies the financial plan for possible expenses during the research project. The budget for grant proposals must demonstrate and serve a plan for funders on how the researcher/s will utilize the money for both operational aspects of the project and miscellaneous expenses associated with the research.

In order to stand out from other applicants, researchers can customize the budget for grant proposal as per the funding agencies’ guidelines. However, the major elements of the budget plan comprise two broad categories: Direct and Indirect Costs

Direct Costs

Direct costs are perhaps the most critical part of your budget section. These expenses are solely incurred for executing your research. It broadly includes expenses towards:

Personnel (payroll)
Consumables

Furthermore, direct costs are sub-categorized into the below two forms based on their occurrence during the research:

Recurring expenses
Non-recurring expenses

As human resources are required for the study, salaries with allowances must be budgeted as per funding agency guidelines. The human resources may include personnel such as site manager, research assistant, junior research fellow (JRF), senior research fellow (SRF), research associate, technician, or data entry operator, and attender.

Recurring expenses:

These expenses are variable and may keep on occurring throughout the study period. Consumables, chemicals, glassware, laboratory test charges , diagnostic kits, stationery, prints, photocopies, communication, postage, telephone charges, survey tools, questionnaires, publication charges, reprints, binding, etc. are some of the particulars in this category. Additionally, recurring expenses could also include allowances for patients/participants, food charges, and medical charges.

Non-recurring expenses:

These are expenses that are one-time in nature and do not recur at regular intervals throughout the research duration. Equipment or instruments along with its accessories, software programs, computers, printers, electronic accessories of existing instruments in your lab, etc. are some of the particulars covered under non-recurring expenses.

Traveling expenses:

Travelling expenses can be used for attending meetings, conferences, workshops, and training programs relevant to your research study. Some funding agencies allow both foreign and domestic travel, whereas, some do not. You can mention traveling expenses for collection of data, survey, and visit to other centers in a multi-centric study in this sub-section.

The detailed budget for grant proposal should be clear, well organized and easy to understand. Below is an example for grant proposal. The costs described below are direct costs:

Indirect Costs

These do not directly attribute to specific expenses of a research, but rather act as an accomplice to run a project. These are also termed as overhead charges. Particulars such as electricity bill, water, library membership, accommodation charges, administrative charges, etc. are included in indirect costs. Generally, about 5–15% of the total budget is provisioned as overhead charges, which is credited to the institution directly. However, this range may vary as per the funding agency.

Tips to Draft a Compelling Budget for Grant Proposal

So when does your budget planning begin? It’s usually when you have your research question and a suitable study design ready!

Here are seven top tips to follow whilst drafting a compelling budget for grant proposal :

Focus on Uniqueness of Study Essentials

Study design, testing procedures, sample collection methods, and research settings are the essential factors that need to be focused on to resolve the research problem. The uniqueness and complexity of these essentials increases the chances of being incorporated in the budget.

Follow Funding Agency Guidelines

You must abide by the budget rules and limitations provided by your potential funder and draft the budget accordingly. Scrutinize each instruction and do not deviate from its actual meaning. Most importantly, stick to the list of requisites provided by the funding agencies.

Categorization of Each Item

Breakup all particulars with their costs under related categories as mentioned earlier. Furthermore, follow an item-wise and year-wise tabulation method to present your budget.

Value for Money

Funders like to see that the investigators are valuing the finances provided and not splurging on irrelevant particulars. For instance, you must mention if you can redirect resources such as equipment or instruments that are already available from your previous study and can be used in your present study.

Include Expenses and Revenue

While you are seeking for funds , the funder is interested in investing in projects that bring other resources to the table. Owing to this, your budget section must include two sections:

Inclusion of expenses is obviously the major part of the budget section. Likewise, mentioning revenue in this case means other sources that will pay for your research.

You’d wonder—why do the potential funders care about where the other money is coming from? Well, it is to instill trust in the funders. Acquiring some or most of the needed funds gives credibility to your research and ensures the funder that organizations are willing to invest in non-profit research.

Do Not Over-Estimate Your Budget

It is critical to base your budgeted expenses on the true costs of your project requisites. But pulling numbers out of thin air will lead to confusion and tally errors. Make sure that you find the cost of all particulars from trusted sources and quote them accurately in your budget. Avoid over-estimating your budget, as it may repel the funder. As you know, “something is better than nothing”! So stick to the narrative of your research and align the budget of grant proposal to it. Subsequently, it is important to keep in mind that a very low budget will raise eyebrows to suspicion. Thus, make sure what you request for is reasonable.

Tracking Expenses

Describe your methodology to track the expenses throughout the project. You must mention how you plan to effectively manage your expenses and review them. Additionally, give references of some tools that you will be using to manage your finances.

Have you been facing challenges in drafting the budget for grant proposal ? What did you do to improve your budgeting skills? Try these tips while drafting the next budget for your grant proposal and let us know how it works out for you and your colleagues.

Hi , can i please get a template? for research grant

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Sample budgets

Justification.

Bumblebee colonies will be obtained from Koppert Biological Systems (MI, USA) and shipped overnight to Nevada. An emerging standard for publication is the utilization of three to five colonies for testing so as to minimize individual colony biases and to acquire a sufficient data set. In order to maintain the colonies I will need pollen to feed them on a daily basis. Additionally I will use the chemical octopamine hydrochloride to explore neuroendocrine relationships between gustatory responsiveness, learning, and octopamine.

I estimated shipping costs to the best of my knowledge.

* Costs are estimated based on average costs of the material; final cost may be slightly different.

Review information on developing proposal budgets.

Budget Development

Budget approvals, sage budget, proposals to foreign sponsors, budgeting direct costs, salaries and salary considerations, employee benefits, other direct costs.

Facilities & Administrative Costs (F&A)

Subaward Budget Development and F&A Calculations

Budget Justification Cost Share Clinical Trial Budget Resources Animal Research Considerations Human Subjects Research Considerations Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S) Considerations

A budget is a detailed statement outlining estimated project costs that support a sponsored project . It should include all Direct Costs, as well as the calculated Facilities and Administrative (F&A) costs required to carry out the project objectives. The proposal budget should be derived directly from the project description and serves as the financial expression of the project.

Follow sponsor guidelines on requirements, allowability, and format. Be aware of specific purchase restrictions such as the Telecommunications Purchase Restrictions on federal awards.

Before making purchases with new vendors for procurement purchases under $35k, verify they are not listed within the SAM.gov exclusions list.

Plan for requirements in federal contracts that impact your budget.

Costing principles in GIM 23 and the Uniform Guidance apply to all sponsored programs at UW.

Sponsor and UW budget categories sometimes don’t match. Review UW Budget categories and try to map them to the sponsor categories when preparing your budget.

The System to Administer Grants Electronically (SAGE) is the UW approval routing system for sponsored program proposals. Associated departments review and approve the entire proposal including related budgets via eGC1 forms .

SAGE Budget is the UW recommended tool for preparing proposal budgets and is required at time of award with an Award Setup Request . It provides streamlined, efficient entry with reliable calculations leveraged from institutional data (UW salaries, benefits, and F&A rates).

Budgets created using this tool also provide an easy-to-read summary for reviewers and Principal Investigators. SAGE Budgets can be connected to eGC1s for easy reference, and can also be used in Grant Runner to populate budget data on a federal RR budget form.

For Award Setup or Modification Requests, you are required to attach a SAGE Budget. Review How to set up an award at the UW for more details.

The UW prefers to be paid in U.S. Dollars, not foreign currency. Exchange rates fluctuate on a daily basis. If awarded in foreign currency, the value of sponsor payments can vary throughout the life of an award.

If the sponsor insists the proposal budget be expressed in foreign currency (and will pay in foreign currency), use an online currency converter to calculate the budget amounts on the eGC1 from U.S. dollars (USD) into the sponsor’s currency.

When sponsors make award payments in foreign currencies, the PI and department need to review the award amount and provide a budget using the current exchange rate. This is used to estimate the award amount in USD to set up the sponsored program budget. It is the PI’s responsibility to monitor spending and currency fluctuations closely throughout the award. Whenever converting foreign currency to USD for use in official budget documents, attach a screenshot that shows the date of the currency conversion in SAGE.

Note: The PI and department are responsible for resolving deficits , including those that may arise from currency fluctuation.

Setup Awards from Foreign Sponsors Made in Foreign Currency
More information and examples from Grant & Contract Accounting on Awards Paid in Foreign Currency

Cost Allocation

When costs will benefit more than one project, they need to be allocated in proportion to how they will benefit each award. Document the allocation methodology used to budget the cost in your budget justification and in your award file. Make sure that methodology is consistently applied across like circumstances.

Acceptable Allocation Method Examples:

Number of experiments, hours, clients or employees/FTE on the project
Square footage

Costs that will only benefit one award should only be budgeted for that award. Costs may not be allocated to more than one project based on budgetary convenience.

Direct costs are expenses specifically associated with a particular sponsored project or activity or that can be directly assigned to that project or activity with a high degree of accuracy (e.g. supplies allocation).

Personnel Salaries and Benefits are typically the largest categories of expenses. Review UW Human Resources compensation information .

Names and titles of personnel committing effort to this project.
Effort each will devote to the sponsored activity, expressed as a percentage or calendar/academic months
Institutional Base Salary (IBS)

Salary costs must be:

Appropriate for the effort expended
Consistent with the appointment of the individual
Supported by documentation of the expense
Included in the proposal and approved by the sponsor or within re-budgeting authority

Review examples of unallowable direct salary costs on a sponsored program

Compensation for teaching costs unless the sponsored program activity type is for Instruction or Research training, consultation or other non-University activity, excess compensation charges not included in Institutional Base Salary (IBS), and administrative or clerical salaries, unless justified and approved by the sponsor.

Salary Limitations

Some sponsors impose salary limitations, also sometimes known as salary caps e.g.: National Institutes of Health (NIH) salary caps .

Review guidance for Documenting Salary Caps on Proposal Budgets .

Summer Salaries

Faculty with 9-month appointments

Review UW Summer salary guidance
When allowed by sponsors, summer salary should be budgeted as separate line items from academic year salary.

Supplements

Approved supplements are available in the payroll system and reflected in the Institutional Base Salary .

Anticipated Salary Increases

When allowed by the sponsor, these increases should be included in the budget calculation. Increases must be reasonable and justified in the proposal.

Cost of Living Allowances (COLA) are not set in UW policy. Some sponsors do not allow or impose limits on COLA.
Classified staff mandatory step increases according to HR compensation guidance .
Classified staff
Professional staff

Administrative and Clerical Salaries

Salaries of administrative and clerical staff are normally treated as F&A costs.

Administrative and clerical costs may be proposed as direct costs if all four of these criteria exist:

Integral to the project or activity,
Identified specifically with the project or activity,
Explicitly included in the budget or have prior written approval of Federal awarding agency and,
Not also recovered as indirect costs.

If these costs are budgeted as direct costs, you must provide justification in the proposal.

Examples of potentially allowable direct charged administrative and clerical staff costs:

Organizing a conference as a component of a larger project
Managing travel for a large number of participants
Organizing large datasets
Managing complex projects with multiple sites, especially if there are multiple subawards.

If questioned, PI must justify expenses to the sponsor and auditors and will be responsible for paying back any unallowable expenses, if required.

Faculty with Veteran Affairs (VA) Appointments

For faculty who have a VA appointment (up to 40 hours or “8/8th”) and up to a full-time appointment with the UW, use the UW IBS to calculate effort and salary compensation.

Dr. Y has a full-time salary rate of $100,000 has a 50% UW appointment and is requesting 10% salary support. The commitment on the proposal represents 10% of the 50% appointment.

Salary: 10% of the 50% salary, $5,000 ($100,000 x 50% x 10%)
Person Months: 10% of 50% time = 0.6 person months.
Percent Effort: 10% of 50% time, or 5%

Graduate Student Compensation

Graduate student appointments (GSA) are considered full-time at 50% FTE during the academic year and 100% during summer. When including Graduate assistants, budget for salaries, fringe benefits and tuition remission.

Use the average first-year postdoc compensation level in the respective school/college, or in the absence of a policy, consult the UW Academic Resources salary rates and minimums schedule . Budget for full actual costs.

NIH Awards: The maximum amount awarded by NIH for graduate students supported on research grants or cooperative agreements is tied to the zero level National Research Service Award (NRSA) postdoctoral stipend in effect at the time the grant award is issued.

Employee Benefits (i.e., fringe) are a direct cost charged as a percentage of salary. The rates are reviewed and approved by the federal government and apply to all sponsored projects.

Use the active rates for the applicable time period, and use the preliminary/proposed rates (if available) for all future years.

Current and Preliminary Benefit Rates

Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) Costs

Before including APL personnel or locations in your budget, contact the appropriate APL department administrator . They will help ensure all applicable APL Prorated Direct Costs, APL Fixed Fee and budget justifications are included in your proposal budget.

APL’s sole purpose is research, and its operating expenses are an allowable direct cost (2 CFR Part §200.413) on projects where APL personnel or locations are involved. APL operating expenses are recovered through the application of the APL Prorated Direct Costs (PDC) rate.

Personal Service Contracts

Individual people or entities participating in a sponsored program as a non-employee.

Examples include:

Participation of persons as research subjects
Implementation of computer systems
Contracts to conduct and provide survey results, environmental studies, and assessments
POD training
Professional consultants

Review a full list of UW personal service categories .

Professional Consultants

Consult sponsor guidance for including consultants in your budget, requirements vary.

Independent contractors, who are:

Typically experts in the field
Not UW employees and,
Don’t have a faculty appointment (e.g. VA, Children’s, etc.)

Include a letter of collaboration with dates of service, rate of pay, other miscellaneous expenses, and deliverables.

Collaborators at other higher education institutions who plan to use institutional resources are considered subrecipients and will need a formal subaward set up.

Review guidance for determining Subrecipient, Vendor, or Consultant?

Participant Support Costs

Direct costs for stipends or subsistence allowances, travel allowances, and registration fees paid to or on behalf of participants or trainees (but not employees) in connection with conferences or training projects.

Participant support costs are allowable if the project includes an education or outreach component, the costs are separately budgeted, and the agency approves the cost. Include the following in budget justification: “The inclusion of the participant support costs in the budget and the subsequent award by the agency will be considered prior agency approval.”

More information from Post Award Fiscal Compliance on Participant Support .

Other Contractual Services

Vendors or Suppliers who provide routine services for a fee , (e.g. Consultant Travel, Advertising, Shipping, Rent, Inpatient and outpatient hospital charges, Laboratory Fees).

Is it a Sponsored Program or a Service?

Subawards/Subcontracts

Review guidance for preparing proposals with subawards and the UW policy for Sponsored Program Subaward Administration . List each subaward separately, using the appropriate subaward object class/spend category. Calculate F&A on subawards following GIM 13 guidelines.

Review subaward budget development and F&A calculations .

What if subrecipient doesn’t have a negotiated rate?

If a prime sponsor has a published F&A rate policy, the subrecipient should propose its F&A in accordance with this policy.

For example, the NIH limits F&A on Grants to Foreign and International Organizations to 8% with a few exceptions.

If the originating sponsor is silent on F&A, the F&A rate subrecipient should use is 10% Modified Total Direct Costs (MTDC).

Include estimated travel costs according to UW travel policies for:

itemized transportation costs (e.g. airfare, ground transportation, etc.),
number of days per diem,
number and estimated cost of trips
on federal awards, justify how each person’s travel is necessary to the award.
If the exact location is not known, include the general location.

Most sponsors require that you justify and retain documentation for travel expenses including how they benefit the project.

Review Post Award Fiscal Compliance travel guidance .

International Travel

Global Operations Support Essential information for travel planning and risk awareness
Global Travel Information for UW travelers
Global Research Single Points of Contact
Review Export Compliance Measures
Global Support: Student International Travel Policy

Supplies and Materials

List supplies by major type , (e.g., publication costs, glassware, chemicals). Include the estimated cost of each type and how estimates were calculated, e.g. publications costs: list number of pages and cost per page.

Describe the allocation rationale for supplies and materials between different proposals/awards in your budget justification.

Prior year accounting records or other documentation may be used to support estimates. Retain documentation in your award file.

Considerations for Supplies and Materials

Food, meals, and refreshments: Awards must specify and allow food purchases if they are included in the budget. Review UW food purchase guidance.
Office Supplies: generally unallowable as a direct cost under federal awards.
Review Administrative and Clerical Staff Salary budget preparation guidance .
Avoid “Miscellaneous” and “Contingency” categories.
Genomic Assays (GA) are budgeted as supply costs, however, NIH only pays F&A on the first $50,000 of GA costs each year.
NIH Policy Statement – F&A Costs .

Review your sponsor guidelines on equipment fabrication, rental or purchases. Review Equipment Inventory Office guidance on Government Furnished Equipment .

The UW Equipment capitalization threshold is $5000. Equipment is excluded from F&A.

Purchasing Equipment

If equipment needs are not definite, probable choices may be listed on a separate sheet and an estimated total shown on the budget page.
Include related costs like shipping and insurance in the equipment costs if allowed by your sponsor.
Sales Tax Exemption – Equipment purchased may qualify for the Machinery and Equipment Tax Exemption or “M&E Exemption”.

Review more information from the Equipment Inventory Office on Acquisitions .

Equipment Fabrication

Describe the equipment that will be fabricated along with a list of items that go into fabrication (e.g. materials, cost center services, salary, etc.). Review Equipment Inventory Office information on Fabrication . F&A is not applied on costs involved in fabricating equipment unless the equipment will be transferred to the sponsor or external entity for use at the end of the project.

Equipment Rental

Each piece of rented equipment should be listed by type, model number, and manufacturer along with the current rental rate of each item. Equipment rental is considered a “service” charge and F&A should be calculated.

Include associated tuition charges for graduate students employed in a 50% FTE appointment for full payroll quarters. Review Current Tuition and Fees from the Office of Planning and Budgeting. Tuition costs are exempt from F&A.

Facilities and Administrative Costs (F&A)

F&A costs are expenses that cannot be specifically identified with a particular project or activity. Also known as “indirect costs” or “overhead,” these costs are for buildings, utilities, services of administrative offices such as purchasing, accounting, payroll, and personnel offices, and other expenses necessary for operations of the institution. Review GIM 13 for more information.

What you need to know to select the correct F&A rate:

How to Determine the Correct Rate
Policy Circumstances
Activity Types
Activity Locations

Multiple Locations

If using SAGE Budget for proposal development, create a separate SAGE Budget Worksheet for each subaward
Each subaward budget should include its direct and F&A costs
Indicate each subawards in the UW budget using the appropriate subaward object class / spend category.
Calculate UW F&A on the first $25,000 of each subawards total costs

Review Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S) Services covered under F&A costs

F&A WAIVER

In limited situations, the Director of Sponsored Programs may waive F&A. To request a waiver, include the completed F&A waiver form , signed by the PI with Dean and Chair concurrence, in the eGC1 with your proposal materials to the Office of Sponsored Programs (OSP) .

The University does not waive F&A for for-profit entities.

Budget Justification

Budget Justifications are sometimes called budget narratives or budget details and are an important part of the review process (internally and externally) and details how the sponsor’s funds will be spent. Justify budget costs in detail according to the sponsor instructions. Sponsor scientific reviewers may do a preliminary cost analysis using the budget justification to determine if the science justifies the budgeted cost.

Review the budget justification primer for examples.

Explain estimates or unusual circumstances in your budget justification. Retain supporting documentation, rationales, and sources for estimates, allocation or unusual circumstances along with vendor catalogs or written quotes as support documentation in your local award file.

Example estimation tools, methods, and resources include:

SAGE Budget Module
Payroll system
Anticipated merit increase
Cost of living increase
Travel per diems and other travel cost information
State, federal and international tax information
Vendor and supplier purchasing
Relevant University policy information such as GIM 13 – F&A Rate Agreement or GIM 35 – Institutional Based Salary etc.
Approved & preliminary fringe benefit rates
Sponsor policy
Federal guidelines

If a sponsor does not allow certain costs as a direct cost, they may not be included in the budget.

For example, administrative/clerical costs are not allowed as a direct cost on a federal grant. If you believe your program qualifies for an exception, you must describe how the four criteria for direct charging administrative/clerical costs are met.

OSP’s approval of the eGC1 or the sponsor making an award based on your proposal where the criteria for direct charging administrative/clerical costs were met, does not mean those costs cannot be questioned later.

Cost share is the costs of a sponsored project that the sponsor does NOT pay for.

A sponsor can require cost share and must state this requirement in the funding opportunity. A cost share commitment also occurs when a proposal includes allowable expenses or quantifiable contributions that will not be charged to the sponsor (e.g. effort level of personnel listed with no commensurate request for salary).

Cost share is not expected by federal sponsors if the agency does not include a cost share requirement in the funding opportunity. When not mandatory, the inclusion of a cost share commitment may not be used as a factor in merit review. Voluntary cost share, therefore, should not be presented in the proposal.

Cost sharing is discouraged and leads to:

lower Facilities and Administrative (F&A) rates,
increased administrative burden,
redirection of University resources from other University activities.

When cost share is submitted in a proposal and accepted by the sponsor it becomes a binding commitment. The department/PI is required to provide, monitor and report on the committed resources during the project.

Sponsor approval is required to claim waived F&A as cost share . When direct costs are contributed as cost share, the associated F&A is also considered cost share.

Approvals from other UW units contributing cost share must be on the eGC1 or otherwise documented.

Clinical Trial Budget Resources

Clinical Trials Office (CTO)
Clinical Research Handbook
Industry Clinical Trials

Animal Research Considerations

Costs and budget issues to consider include:

Animal housing costs ( per diems )
Special lab equipment, specialized housing arrangements, or specialized services
Timing considerations: approvals prior to animal acquisition, quarantine, training requirements

The following services are covered under F&A costs:

Training in animal use and handling
Protocol review
Grant/protocol congruence review
Protocol development assistance
Standard veterinary care
Standard animal husbandry

Human Subjects Research Considerations

Consider whether you will need to hire staff, or contract with UW’s Institute for Translational Health Services (ITHS) for staff. Decide whether you will need a staff person to serve as an Institutional Review Board (IRB) liaison because the UW will be the lead for collaborative or multi-site research that is being reviewed by a single IRB.

At all times, it is the PI’s responsibility to ensure all trainees or center activities involving human subjects are carried out under an approved IRB study number.

Subject payment or reimbursement

Include any subject payments or reimbursement of subjects’ expenses. If subjects’ health insurance will be charged for research-related clinical items and services; consider whether the grant will pay for co-pays and deductibles.

IRB review fees

The UW IRBs do not currently charge review fees though this may change for the review of non-UW sites. However, if the research will be reviewed by a non-UW (external) IRB, the external IRB may charge fees. You may need to include IRB review fees in the budget in the following situations:

The UW is the lead site for collaborative or multi-site research and a non-UW single IRB will be used for all sites or institutions involved in the research. For NIH grants, see this NIH Guidance . HSD can also provide guidance on how to identify and estimate costs.
The study is industry-initiated and industry-funded and the sponsor will not pay the fees directly.

Human Subjects Division (HSD) administrative fee

If your research is industry-initiated and industry-funded, you must send the study to an independent IRB (for example WCG IRB or Advarra) for IRB approval instead of the UW IRB. The industry sponsor will pay the IRB review fees charged by the independent IRB, but they are also required to pay HSD an administrative fee. This administrative fee should be included in your budget. See HSD’s information on the HSD Administrative Fee .

Emergency medicine research

Emergency medicine research that requires the special Exception to Informed Consent must conduct community consultation before beginning the study, which requires funds. Consult with HSD for guidance about appropriate activities, based on the nature of the research intervention and the study population. It almost always involves more than public service announcements, news releases and bus placards.

Interpretation and translation

Federal nondiscrimination laws require clinical trials to allow interested and eligible subjects to participate even if they do not speak English. This means that researchers should develop a plan for how translation and interpretation will be provided for interested and eligible subjects. For studies that may have small numbers of these subjects, this may best be handled by including in the budget the cost of retaining an interpretation and translation service that can be called upon as needed.

Environmental Health and Safety (EH&S) Considerations

If your project includes hazardous materials review the following considerations.

Take into account costing allocation of materials. Review GIM 23 – Distribution of Costs Across Two or More Sponsored Programs and guidance from Post Award Fiscal Compliance on cost allocation .

Use the Laboratory PPE Assessment Guide to determine the type of personal protective equipment (PPE) needed.
Use the Job Hazard Analysis tool to determine required controls to mitigate risk.
Estimate the cost of ordering PPE and first aid kit through UW Procurement .
Determine the need for chemical spill kit or mercury spill kit .
Use the Occupational Health Recommendation . provided by the EH&S Employee Health Center to determine costs for vaccinations and medical surveillance.
Work with Environmental Health and Safety to accurately calculate and plan for the cost of disposal of biohazardous , chemical , radioactive , and other hazardous waste.

EH&S Services covered under F&A costs

Training (except First Aid)
Chemical waste collection and disposal
Health and safety surveys and monitoring
Assistance meeting health and safety requirements of grant proposals
Radiation use authorizations
Radiation dosimetry and bioassay
Fire prevention services
Fume hood testing
Central SDS library and inventory system
Indoor Air Quality Investigations
Occupational exposure assessments
Respiratory fit-testing
Hazardous material spill management advice and consultation

EH&S Services not covered under F&A costs

• Radioactive Waste Disposal • Calibration of radiation detection instruments

Forms, Tools, and Resources

F&A Waiver Request
Sample Budget Justification
Academic HR: Supplements and Summer Salary
GUIDE: SAGE Budget
Institutional Facts & Rates
Budget Justification Primer
PAFC: Proposal Costs
SAGE: Accessing SAGE
GCA: Cost Share
PAFC: Cost Allocation
PAFC: Requirements to Direct Bill F&A Costs
Cost of Single IRB Review
NSF: Sections of an NSF Proposal, The Budget: Part 1
Subrecipient, Contractor/Vendor, Consultant?
Grants.gov: Tips for Writing a Budget Narrative
NIH: Selecting Correct Budget Format

Policy, Regulation, and Guidance

GIM 35 – Effort Reporting Policy for Sponsored Agreements
GIM 23 – Sponsored Program Costing Policy
GIM 21 – Cost Share on Sponsored Programs
GIM 13 – Facilities and Administrative (F&A) Rates
GIM 03 – Fringe Benefit Rates and Sponsored Projects
Guidelines for Collaborative Research Sharing RCR
Best Practices for Coordination and Set-up of Cost-Shares for Collaborative…
Travel Office: Travel Policies and Procedures
National Research Service Award (NRSA) Postdoctoral Stipend
CORE: Introduction to Sponsored Project Budgets
CORE: SAGE Budget
CORE: Direct Billing of F&A Type Costs

Announcements

How do I document salary cap on proposal budgets?
How do I handle F&A for charter vessels?
What are some things to know about budgeting for the…
Which single F&A rate applies when the Primate Center is…
Who, What, Why – Searching SAM.gov
Will you recommend we create a copy/new sage budget for…

OR Support Offices

Human Subjects Division (HSD)
Office of Animal Welfare (OAW)
Office of Research (OR)
Office of Research Information Services (ORIS)
Office of Sponsored Programs (OSP)

OR Research Units

Applied Physics Laboratory (APL-UW)
WA National Primate Research Center (WaNPRC)

Research Partner Offices

Corporate and Foundation Relations (CFR)
Enivronmental Health and Safety (EH&S)
Grant and Contract Accounting (GCA)
Institute of Translational Health Sciences (ITHS)
Management Accounting and Analysis (MAA)
Post Award Fiscal Compliance (PAFC)

Collaboration

Centers and Institutes
Collaborative Proposal Development Resources
Research Fact Sheet
Research Annual Report
Stats and Rankings
Honors and Awards
Office of Research

36+ SAMPLE Research Budgets in PDF | MS Word

Research budgets | ms word, 36+ sample research budgets, what is a research budget, the components of a complete research budget, how to set a research budget, why is a research budget important in a grant application, what are the types of budgeting schemes, how much is the standard research project grant amount.

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Why is a research budget important, step 1: brainstorm all research activities, step 2: consider the rules and regulations, step 3: insert the associated costs for each item, step 4: download a sample research budget, step 5: organize your data and format, step 6: justify your research budget.

Incremental budgeting – this form of budgeting tackles a previous year’s actual figures while you add or subtract a percentage to answer the acquired budget of the current year. Also, this is the simplest and most common form of budgeting scheme.
Activity-based budgeting – the next example focuses on getting the number of inputs necessary to provide the outputs and targets implemented by an organization. A common example is when a business should start recognizing the necessary tasks to take first that will meet the sales target until the costs for each activity to do will be determined.
Value proposition budgeting – another budgeting scheme answers the reason for inputting the amount you estimated in a budget, how a value outweighs the expenses, or even why the budget should be justified. And as much as possible, do not include irrelevant expenditures in this section.
Zero-based budgeting – lastly, this budgeting plan assumes that every department in a budget is zero and should be rebuilt from the very beginning. But, the expenses should be justified. And this strategy is helpful when you need costs quickly, particularly if a business undergoes an economic downturn.

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A research proposal is a paper that proposes a research project , usually in the sciences or academia and generally constitutes a funding request for that study. A budget is one of the key components of a research proposal and serves as a blueprint for spending the funds from the project. An effective budget for the proposal outlines the proposed project in fiscal terms and helps reviewers determine how the project is to be carried out.

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Indirect costs, 1. list your activities.

Interviews: 20 in Sydney; 10 in Perth; 15 in Melbourne.
I’ll need three months of teaching release for fieldwork.
Flight tickets for travel required.
Accommodation for at least a month in each place.
The results will need to be transcribed.
A research assistant will be required.

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6 no-fuss steps to moving across the country

Posted: April 15, 2023 | Last updated: July 31, 2023

While moving across the country can feel overwhelming and be expensive, there are ways to make it easier and keep costs down. The keys: Research your moving options, create a budget, and start planning at least two months in advance.<p>Preparing for a move across the country requires a lot of planning in advance. It generally takes two months to plan such a move. Making a checklist with all the important tasks to be done can help keep you organized.</p><p>How much does it cost to move across the country? It can cost thousands of dollars on average. Below we highlight six steps that can help simplify the moving process.</p>

Moving Across the Country in 6 Steps

Preparing for a move across the country requires a lot of planning in advance. It generally takes two months to plan such a move. Making a checklist with all the important tasks to be done can help keep you organized.

How much does it cost to move across the country? It can cost thousands of dollars on average. Below we highlight six steps that can help simplify the moving process.

The costs to move across the country can be overwhelming. It’s normal to feel stressed by the idea of such a big move. It can seem especially daunting if you’re moving across the country alone. But creating a to-do list and breaking down all the tasks into manageable steps can help a lot.<p>Two important things you’ll want to focus on first are your budget and the timeframe. Figuring out these things can help you put the rest of your moving plan into motion.</p>

Overwhelmed at the Prospect of Moving Across the Country?

Two important things you’ll want to focus on first are your budget and the timeframe. Figuring out these things can help you put the rest of your moving plan into motion.

Moving across the country can be expensive. The national average cost is $4,778, and it ranges from $2,676 to $6,918. What you’ll pay depends on such factors as how many belongings you’re moving, exactly how far you’re traveling, and the moving services you use. Fortunately, there are ways to help cover these costs, including taking out a personal loan to move.<p>Small personal loans up to $5,000 may help you cover the costs to move across the country. Banks, credit unions, and online lenders may offer such loans to borrowers with fair, good, or excellent credit.</p><p>If you’re graduating from medical school and getting ready for your residency, the cost of relocating for a medical residency can add up. You may have several residency relocation loan options if you find yourself in that boat.</p>

How Much Does it Cost to Move Across the Country?

Small personal loans up to $5,000 may help you cover the costs to move across the country. Banks, credit unions, and online lenders may offer such loans to borrowers with fair, good, or excellent credit.

If you’re graduating from medical school and getting ready for your residency, the cost of relocating for a medical residency can add up. You may have several residency relocation loan options if you find yourself in that boat.

These six tips for moving across the country can help keep you on track:<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiResponsiveTypography-h5 MuiSpacing-mb-2 MuiSpacing-mt-4 MuiResponsiveTypography-root MuiTypography-h5">1. Determine Budget and Moving Needs</h3>One of the best ways to start planning a move is to make a budget that accounts for your moving expenses plus the cost of replacing any belongings that aren’t worth moving. For example, if you have old furniture, you might choose to <a href="https://lanterncredit.com/personal-loans/does-financing-furniture-hurt-your-credit">buy new furniture</a> when you move into your new place.<p>These are some of the moving expenses to plan for:</p><ul><li>Hiring movers</li><li>Packing materials</li><li>Trailer or truck rental if you choose to move your belongings yourself</li><li>Moving insurance, if needed (check your homeowner’s or renter’s insurance policy first to see if it covers your belongings during a move)</li><li>Expenses for the trip across the country, including gas, lodging, meals or airfare</li><li>Closing costs and downpayment, or rent and security deposit for the new place</li></ul>

Steps to Move Across the Country

1. determine budget and moving needs.

These are some of the moving expenses to plan for:

Hiring movers
Packing materials
Trailer or truck rental if you choose to move your belongings yourself
Moving insurance, if needed (check your homeowner’s or renter’s insurance policy first to see if it covers your belongings during a move)
Expenses for the trip across the country, including gas, lodging, meals or airfare
Closing costs and downpayment, or rent and security deposit for the new place

<p>Packing is a big job, so it’s best to start sooner than later. Get rid of any items you don’t need (you can donate them or have a yard sale). The more belongings you have, the more your move will cost, so use this as an opportunity to declutter. Label boxes with what’s inside them and what room they belong to in order to make unpacking easier.</p>

2. Begin Packing in Advance

Packing is a big job, so it’s best to start sooner than later. Get rid of any items you don’t need (you can donate them or have a yard sale). The more belongings you have, the more your move will cost, so use this as an opportunity to declutter. Label boxes with what’s inside them and what room they belong to in order to make unpacking easier.

When moving across the country, you have a number of different options to get your belongings to your new residence. Do your research to determine which of the following methods is best for you:<ul><li><b>Full-service moving company. </b>This is the easiest option, but also the most expensive one. Full-service movers bring all of the necessary packing materials and pack up your belongings. They move them across the country and unpack them in your new home. Moving companies generally charge by weight, so what you’ll pay depends on how much you’re moving. Full-service movers typically cost $4,000 to $10,000 and up.</li><li><b>Truck rental</b><b>. </b>You can rent a truck, load it yourself, and drive it to your new home. This option can be more affordable than hiring movers, but is also a lot more work. The size of the truck you’ll need will dictate the price you’ll pay. For instance, for a 20-foot truck, which can hold the contents of a two- or three-bedroom home, you’ll likely pay more than $1,500. And remember, you will also need to pay for gas.</li><li><b>Moving container. </b>A third option is to put your packed belongings in a moving container and have it shipped across the country. Again, the price is dependent on the size container you need. A 10-foot container can cost about $3,500. Just be aware that some cities require permits to have a moving container sitting outside your home or in the street — even for a brief period of time. </li></ul>

3. Research Moving Options

Full-service moving company. This is the easiest option, but also the most expensive one. Full-service movers bring all of the necessary packing materials and pack up your belongings. They move them across the country and unpack them in your new home. Moving companies generally charge by weight, so what you’ll pay depends on how much you’re moving. Full-service movers typically cost $4,000 to $10,000 and up.
Truck rental . You can rent a truck, load it yourself, and drive it to your new home. This option can be more affordable than hiring movers, but is also a lot more work. The size of the truck you’ll need will dictate the price you’ll pay. For instance, for a 20-foot truck, which can hold the contents of a two- or three-bedroom home, you’ll likely pay more than $1,500. And remember, you will also need to pay for gas.
Moving container. A third option is to put your packed belongings in a moving container and have it shipped across the country. Again, the price is dependent on the size container you need. A 10-foot container can cost about $3,500. Just be aware that some cities require permits to have a moving container sitting outside your home or in the street — even for a brief period of time.

It is very possible to <a href="https://lanterncredit.com/small-business/donation-crowdfunding">use a crowdfunding platform</a> to pay for hefty veterinary bills. Donation crowdfunding relies on numbers of people to contribute money to a cause they believe in or a need that they want to help meet. Friends could pitch in to help, but this might be a cause that resonates with strangers too.<p>You can create a fundraiser page for your pet on GoFundMe or another website and then spread the word on social media. There is even a crowdfunding platform called <a href="https://waggle.org/">Waggle</a> that is specially for “pet families in need.”</p>

4. Secure Funds/Financing

Online personal loans tend to have lower interest rates than credit cards do, which can be one of the typical reasons to take out a personal loan.

The stronger your credit, the better the chance you’ll have of getting a lower interest rate. This is just one of the tips for getting a personal loan that you’ll want to know.

You could also finance your move with a credit card. And if you use a rewards card you may be able to earn valuable points or get cash back based on your spending. However, the interest rates with credit cards can be high, so you’ll want to try to pay off the balance as soon as you can.

To stay organized, write up a checklist of all the tasks you need to do, such as packing, cleaning, meeting with the movers, and so on. Crossing each one off as it’s completed will give you a sense of accomplishment. A list that you can keep adding to will also help ensure that you don’t forget anything.

5. Creating a Checklist for Moving

<p>If you haven’t already bought a house or rented an apartment, you’ll need to carve out time before you move to find a place that suits your needs. And if your new place won’t be ready when you first get there, you’ll want to make arrangements to stay at a hotel or short-term rental until you can move in.</p>

6. Make Sure Your Housing Will Be Ready

If you haven’t already bought a house or rented an apartment, you’ll need to carve out time before you move to find a place that suits your needs. And if your new place won’t be ready when you first get there, you’ll want to make arrangements to stay at a hotel or short-term rental until you can move in.

<p>It typically takes two months to plan a move across the country. With that in mind, you can start to figure out the logistics. For instance, if you need to be in your new home within three months for a new job, you’ll want to start planning quickly.</p>

Moving Across the Country Timeframe

It typically takes two months to plan a move across the country. With that in mind, you can start to figure out the logistics. For instance, if you need to be in your new home within three months for a new job, you’ll want to start planning quickly.

Here are some of the factors that can impact the costs of moving across the country:<ul><li>Using paid labor vs. volunteer helpers</li><li>Renting a 26-foot box truck vs.10-foot box truck</li><li>Transporting lots of furniture vs. no furniture</li><li>Buying supplies vs. requesting free moving supplies</li><li>Getting discounts vs. no discounts </li></ul>

Factors That Impact Costs of Moving Across the Country

Using paid labor vs. volunteer helpers
Renting a 26-foot box truck vs.10-foot box truck
Transporting lots of furniture vs. no furniture
Buying supplies vs. requesting free moving supplies
Getting discounts vs. no discounts

As mentioned earlier, hiring a full-service moving company can be quite expensive for a cross-country move. It might be more affordable if you can rent a box truck, load it up yourself, and make the move without using paid labor.<p>Volunteer helpers — such as family or trusted friends — may be willing to help you move across the country. Transporting as few items as possible in the smallest vehicle that can meet your needs can also minimize your costs.</p><p>Buying large moving boxes can add up, so you may want to consider ways to reduce those costs. You could, for example, ask retail stores whether they can provide you with used boxes free of charge. Boxes that a retail store would otherwise recycle or discard can be reused as moving boxes.</p><p>Some purchases may be necessary to logistically move across the country. If you need to buy supplies or hire professional movers, you can take advantage of any discounts that may be available to you. It doesn’t hurt to seek discounts.</p>

Ways to Save on Moving Costs

Volunteer helpers — such as family or trusted friends — may be willing to help you move across the country. Transporting as few items as possible in the smallest vehicle that can meet your needs can also minimize your costs.

Buying large moving boxes can add up, so you may want to consider ways to reduce those costs. You could, for example, ask retail stores whether they can provide you with used boxes free of charge. Boxes that a retail store would otherwise recycle or discard can be reused as moving boxes.

Some purchases may be necessary to logistically move across the country. If you need to buy supplies or hire professional movers, you can take advantage of any discounts that may be available to you. It doesn’t hurt to seek discounts.

<p>Spring and fall can be ideal times to move because costs tend to be lower then and the weather is good for a cross-country trek. Summer is typically the most expensive time. Winter is the least expensive season, but the weather can create logistical problems, which is something to keep in mind.</p>

When Is the Best Time to Move Across the Country?

Spring and fall can be ideal times to move because costs tend to be lower then and the weather is good for a cross-country trek. Summer is typically the most expensive time. Winter is the least expensive season, but the weather can create logistical problems, which is something to keep in mind.

The Takeaway

Moving across the country can be expensive and stressful, but there are ways to streamline the process, keep it organized, and help stay on budget. Planning far in advance can help things go as smoothly as possible, both financially and logistically.

Learn More:

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The pros and cons of personal loans

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<h1><a href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/personalfinance/this-is-how-much-it-costs-to-raise-a-child-to-18-in-america/ss-AA19IxA7#image=2">This is how much it costs to raise a child to 18 in America</a></h1>

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Indonesia’s Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati speaks during an interview with Reuters, on the sidelines of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) annual meeting in Incheon, South Korea, May 3, 2023. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji/ File photo 

JAKARTA (Reuters) -Indonesia will leave enough fiscal room in the 2025 budget for incoming president Prabowo Subianto's multi-billion free school meal programme, while ensuring the country's track record of fiscal prudence, a minister said on Friday.

The 2025's budget will still not exceed the fiscal deficit ceiling at 3% of gross domestic product (GDP), Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati told reporters after attending a meeting with outgoing President Joko Widodo.

Prabowo's free meal programme, a key campaign policy, could cost $7.7 billion in its first year, his team said in February. It will cost 450 trillion rupiah ($28.41 billion) in the final stage in 2029.

"The principal is to provide fiscal room, so that the programme (free lunch) has a possibility to be implemented (next year), but still maintaining the prudency of the budget," Sri Mulyani said, adding that the design is also to maintain market confidence.

The government has targeted the fiscal deficit next year at 2.48% to 2.8% of GDP, compared with the latest outlook of 2.8% of GDP this year.

($1 = 15,840.0000 rupiah)

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How to make a simple research budget
A good budget shows the assessors that you have thought about your research in detail and, if it is done well, it can serve as a great, convincing overview of the project. Here are five steps to create a simple budget for your research project. 1. List your activities. Make a list of everything that you plan to do in the project, and who is ...
PDF Writing a Proposal Budget
What is a Proposal Budget and why is it needed? Before we get started talking about all the pieces of a budget, let's make sure that we're on the same page about what a budget actually is. A budget is a financial proposal that reflects the work proposed. It outlines the expected project costs in detail, and should mirror the project description.
How to plan and write a budget for research grant proposal?
Planning of the research budget begins with an innovative research question, objectives and design of the study. Before starting to write a budget plan, it is essential to understand the expectations of funding agencies, University/Institute and the team of researchers. It is imperative to keep in mind that the research proposal will be ...
How to Write a Research Budget Plan?
The plan will inform you about the expenses of each research item and method. The budget section is the key factor of success or failure for your proposal. For instance, You can manage the items with a spreadsheet. Pointing out and categorizing the direct and indirect costs, at last, will be able to plan and compose a well-scripted budget.
PDF Preparing a Proposal Budget Toolkit
View the budget as a flexible tool to help the department administrator and scientific team plan for the project and understand what can and cannot be accomplished with the available funding. Sponsors utilize the budget during the technical review of the project to evaluate the reasonability of the project costs.
How to Plan and Write a Budget for Research Grant Proposal
Planning your Budget. Your budget planning starts when you find the research question and decide on a suitable study design. You should also be able to guess the unpredictable charges that can arise while conducting your research (Sudheesh, Devika & Nethra, 2016). There are five main points to keep in mind while planning your research budget:
How to Write a Research Proposal
A research proposal serves as a blueprint and guide for your research plan, helping you get organized and feel confident in the path forward you choose to take. Table of contents. Research proposal purpose; Research proposal examples ... chances are you will have to include a detailed budget. This shows your estimates of how much each part of ...
Develop a research budget
Budget justification provides more in-depth detail and reason for each cost and is often considered by reviewers as a good indicator of the feasibility of the research. Basic components of a research budget. A research budget contains both direct costs and indirect costs (overhead), but the level of detail varies from sponsor to sponsor.
How to Write a Research Plan: A Step by Step Guide
A research plan is a documented overview of a project in its entirety, from end to end. It details the research efforts, participants, and methods needed, along with any anticipated results. ... Budget (how much you think it might cost to do the research) Risk factors/contingencies (any potential risk factors that may impact the project's ...
How to Develop a Budget for a Research Proposal
Abstract. Novice investigators may be intimidated by the task of proposal budget preparation. Often a basic understanding of the mechanics of budgeting, paired with a good working relationship with the institution's sponsored programs office, can alleviate much of the stress investigators encounter in developing budgets.
Budget and Cost Resources
As the nation's largest public research university, the Office of the Vice President for Research (OVPR) aims to catalyze, support and safeguard U-M research and scholarship activity. ... R&R Budget Form or PHS 398 Modular Budget Form). In most cases, the DMS Plan oversight at U-M will be provided by the principal investigator (PI) and other ...
Top 7 Research Budget Templates with Samples and Examples
This presentation template is an easy-to-use tool for determining the budget required for psychology research. With this slide, you can allocate a budget for each area, including diagnostic assessment, training, technology and tools, supplies, travel, and workforce. It is a practical, hands-on template with information required to plan the ...
Tips for Planning and Managing Research Project Timeline and Budget
6. The final step in planning and managing your research project timeline and budget is to review and learn from your experience. This means reflecting on what went well and what went wrong in ...
How to Create a Research Budget and Plan for Market Research
Choose your research design. Be the first to add your personal experience. 3. Select your data collection techniques. 4. Estimate your research costs. Be the first to add your personal experience ...
PDF RESEARCH PROPOSAL BUDGET TEMPLATE
research proposal budget template project name date created research organization last updated fy1 rate fy1 hrs fy2 rate fy2 hrs fy3 rate fy3 hrs fy4 hrs fy4 rate
7 Tips to Draft a Compelling Budget for Grant Proposal
Uniqueness of the research problem; Best possible plan for solving the problem; Appropriate budget planning . In an attempt to grab the attention of funders, researchers strive to submit innovative research proposals and often overlook other elements when creating a successful grant proposal. One such neglected section is the budget for grant ...
Sample Budgets
Misc. funding is for unexpected expenses. $60. Total. $987.94. I estimated shipping costs to the best of my knowledge. * Costs are estimated based on average costs of the material; final cost may be slightly different. View examples of budgets for undergraduate research proposals at the University of Nevada, Reno.
Budget
Plan for requirements in federal contracts that impact your budget. ... APL Fixed Fee and budget justifications are included in your proposal budget. APL's sole purpose is research, and its operating expenses are an allowable direct cost (2 CFR Part §200.413) on projects where APL personnel or locations are involved. ...
36+ SAMPLE Research Budgets in PDF
What Is a Research Budget? A research budget showcases the allocated expenses in research, and it is usually represented in tables or charts. Oftentimes, the research budget is discussed twice: (1) it is used to discuss the overall budget plan for a grant or research proposal in case an organization approves of funding the research budget, and (2) it displays the associated expenses involved ...
How To Write a Research Plan (With Template and Examples)
If you want to learn how to write your own plan for your research project, consider the following seven steps: 1. Define the project purpose. The first step to creating a research plan for your project is to define why and what you're researching. Regardless of whether you're working with a team or alone, understanding the project's purpose can ...
Performance Budget Planning: The Case of a Research University
Abstract. We describe a performance budget planning model developed for a research university, comprised of a set of 88 key variables and 38 non-linear structural equations that describe interactions among them. These equations, based on the knowledge of research university's financial working and theoretical considerations, relate ...
12+ Research Budget Proposal Templates in PDF
A research proposal is a paper that proposes a research project, usually in the sciences or academia and generally constitutes a funding request for that study. A budget is one of the key components of a research proposal and serves as a blueprint for spending the funds from the project. An effective budget for the proposal outlines the proposed project in fiscal terms and helps reviewers ...
Budget Planning, Budget Control, Business Age, and Financial
The linear combination of predictor variables (budget planning, budget control, and business age) accounted for approximately 12% of the variation in. financial performance. Budget planning significantly predicted financial performance, even when budget control and business age were held constant. Better planning using.
Universities oppose plan to bolster federal research oversight
Universities Oppose Federal Plan to Bolster Research Misconduct Oversight. The Office of Research Integrity is considering stronger regulations for institutional investigations of alleged research misconduct. Universities say it's too prescriptive. The federal Office of Research Integrity (ORI) is proposing changes that would give the ...
6 no-fuss steps to moving across the country
The keys: Research your moving options, create a budget, and start planning at least two months in advance. Preparing for a move across the country requires a lot of planning in advance. It ...
Indonesia's 2025 Budget to Leave Room for Prabowo's Free Meal Plan
JAKARTA (Reuters) -Indonesia will leave enough fiscal room in the 2025 budget for incoming president Prabowo Subianto's multi-billion free school meal programme, while ensuring the country's track ...
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The Research Whisperer

1. List your activities

2. Check the rules again

3. Cost each item

4. Put it in a spreadsheet

5. Justify it

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How to Write a Research Budget Plan?

The simple guide to the research budget plan

Submit the research proposal budget

Direct Costs:

Indirect Costs

Types of Research Budget

Modular Design Budget

Detailed Design Budget

Plan your Research Budget

1-Budget Essentials

2-Instructions of the Funding Agency

3- Categorization of Each Item

4-Justification of Each Item

5- Review & Verification of the Research Budget

Budget Justification

Budget Summary

How to Plan and Write a Budget for Research Grant Proposal

Budget as a Skeletal Support

Specific Terminologies to Know Beforehand

Direct Costs

Facilities & Administrative Costs (Indirect Costs)

Fringe Benefits

Research Consortium

Types of Budget

Modular Design Budget

Detailed Design Budget

Planning your Budget

Pin-point the Budget Essentials

Follow the Instructions of the Funding Agency

Categorization of Each Item

Justification of Each Item

Review & Verification of the Budget Items

Scripting your Budget onto the Grant Application

Indirect Costs

Budget Overview

Budget Justification

Budget Summary

Esthetical Considerations

Headings & Bullet points

Tabulations

Organization

Elementary Language

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How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates

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