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63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples

Looking for Sir Gawain and the Green Knight essay topics? A famous English chivalric romance of the 14th century that still remains popular is worth focusing on!

• ❓ Essay Questions
• 🏆 Best Essay Topics
• 📌 A+ Essay Examples
• 👍 Exciting Essay Topics

In your Sir Gawain and the Green Knight essay, you might want to focus on its symbolism or themes. Another option is to talk about the context of the romance. One more idea is to take a look at one of the modern adaptations of the literary piece. In this article, we’ve collected top Sir Gawain and the Green Knight essay examples, topics, and questions for research and discussion.

🔝 Top-5 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics

• Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight – Examples & Quotes
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” Symbolism
• The Symbolic Role of Green Color in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Gawain as a Hero
• Magic and Christianity in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”

❓ Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Questions

• Who is the author of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”? The main hypotheses.
• What are the features of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” verse form?
• What is the significance of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” in medieval literature?
• What are “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” themes?
• What is the color symbolism of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”?
• What is the genre of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”?

🏆 Best Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics

• Depiction of Heroism in “Beowulf”, “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” and “Le Morte D’Arthur” In Le Morte D’Arthur, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and Beowulf, the central characters in the tales appear to represent their own unique description of heroism.
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: The Bedroom and Hunting Scenes Consequently, from this point on, the narrative splits into two parallel lines that show the reader the perspective of the lord and Gawain throughout the day.
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: Themes, Aspects, and Writing Style The poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” is a piece in which the plot is supported by Christian morality underpinning the chivalry of the characters and their occasional failure to comply with this notion.
• Knightly Virtue in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” Poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is an epic poem where the protagonist illustrates knightly virtues through overcoming the trials sent to him by the Green Knight.
• Testing in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a chivalric novel written in the 14th century by an unknown author about the exploits of Sir Gawain, King Arthur’s nephew, showing the spirit of chivalry and faithfulness […]
• The Poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” by Simon Armitage The first aspect of this poem is the focus on the conduct of the male characters from the perspective of honor.
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” Christian Poem In the poem, Sir Gawain is visited by a green knight in the form of a mysterious warrior. Sir Gawain accepts the challenge and chops off the head of the knight in only one blow.
• The Knight Without Blemish and Without Reproach: The Color of Virtue Although there is no actual rhyme in the given piece, the way it is structured clearly shows that this is a poem; for instance, the line “At the head sat Bishop Baldwin as Arthur’s guest […]
• Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the real sense, it is at the Green Knight’s abode that Gawain rests on his way to the chapel. This causes Gawain to flinch and he is reprimanded by the knight for that action.

⚔️ Thesis Statement for Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Creating a thesis statement is a vital part of essay writing. If you need help with this task, here are some examples of essay topics about Sir Gawain and the Green Knight , along with thesis statements for them:

• Topic: Ideological systems prevalent in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight . Thesis: The moral concept of chivalry is the central ideological system in this romance.
• Topic: The variety of the forms of love represented in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight . Thesis: The medieval poem shows several forms of loving relationships, such as brotherly love, courtly love, and religious devotion.
• Topic: Misogynistic messages sent by Sir Gawain. Thesis: The way Sir Gawain tends to blame women for all his misfortunes can be either taken literally or put under question, depending on the reading of the romance.
• Topic: The two sides of the pentangle in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight . Thesis: The pentangle, one of the central symbols in the romance, represents a religious aspect and a magical element.
• Topic: The power of the color palette in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight . Thesis: Interpreting the primary colors in the English romance is critical for comprehending its themes, such as wealth and purity of heart.
• Topic: Virgin Mary in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight . Thesis: The symbol of the Virgin Mary in the romance about Sir Gawain reflects his faithfulness to Christianity.

📌 A+ Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Examples

• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: Warrior in the Primal Village
• The Faith, Strength, and Loyalty of the Arthurian Knight Gawain in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Women’s Indirect Power in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Parallelism Between the Scenes of “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Significance of the Color Green in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” and the Critique of Medieval State of Knighthood and Chivalry
• The Pentangle in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Ideas of Morality and Wealth During the Medieval Era in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Women Courtly Love and the Creation Myth in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Unnamed Wife in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Impossible Pentangle: Chivalry, Christianity, and Ethical Dualism in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Obligation, Marvel, and Passion in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Meaning and Symbolism of the Hunting Scenes in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Medieval Values in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Comparison of Knights in “Canterbury Tales” and “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” and Monty Python and the Holy Grail
• The Roles of Women Portrayed in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Romantic Tradition in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Women’s Roles in “Epic of Gilgamesh,” “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,” and “The Canterbury Tales”
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: A Metaphysical Journey

🏰 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Discussion Questions

What is the message of sir gawain and the green knight.

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight introduces several interesting themes worth studying. One of the main ideas is related to morality and dishonesty. Sir Gawain learns that while lies are dangerous, nobody’s impeccable, and mistakes can happen. Another message highlights the dubious aspects of chivalry while appreciating the ideals it sets.

What Is the Main Moral Lesson of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight?

The main moral lesson of the poem about Sir Gawain that all students can learn from is dishonesty. Sir Gawain hides a small detail from his host. He doesn’t consider it a big deal until he’s called out about his lies. It makes the protagonist grasp that being honorable includes being honest.

What Did the Green Knight Symbolize in Gawain’s Life?

Some people believe that the Green Knight represents the wild and untamed forces of nature in Sir Gawain’s fate. The Knight might also be a reference to the Green Man, a figure of nature in pagan mythology. In any case, he symbolizes everything uncivilized in humans.

What Are the 5 Virtues of a Knight?

One of the main symbols in the poem is a pentacle. Its five points are believed to represent the five virtues of a knight – friendship, generosity, courtesy, piety, and chastity. Gawain is challenged to prove that he honors all of the knighthood virtues.

What Is the Allegory of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight?

Some messages and allegories in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight are related to the Bible. The Green Knight overcomes death, which, in a sense, refers to Christianity. Sir Gawain is a believer but struggles with faith. Due to so many religious cues, the epic poem is often interpreted as urging the readers to live in faith.

👍 Exciting Essay Topics for Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

• The Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Recovering the Body and Saving the Soul in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Character of Sir Gawain as a Coward in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” by Pearl Poet
• Virtue, Vice, and Valor in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Knightly Virtues of Courage, Courtesy, and Loyalty in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Ideal of Knighthood as Presented in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Relationship of Binary Opposition in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Agency and Invasiveness of the Natural World in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Importance of the “Beheading Game” in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Image of Virgin Mary in the Poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Compare the Green Knight and Lord Bertilak in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Similarities and Differences Between Dante’s “Inferno” and “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Presentation of Sin and Redemption in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Five Virtues of Chivalry Exemplified by the Pentangle in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Comparison of “The Wife of Bath” and “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Psychoanalytic Approach to “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Themes of Maturity and the Medieval Quest in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Personification of Ideologies in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Effective Use of Sound, Alliteration, and Personification in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Noble Knight in the Poem “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Free the Ambiguity of Chivalry and Temptation in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• Journey From Childhood to Adulthood in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
• The Imperfection of Mankind: The Chivalric Code in “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”
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IvyPanda. (2024, September 27). 63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/sir-gawain-and-the-green-knight-essay-examples/

"63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples." IvyPanda , 27 Sept. 2024, ivypanda.com/essays/topic/sir-gawain-and-the-green-knight-essay-examples/.

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IvyPanda . 2024. "63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples." September 27, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/sir-gawain-and-the-green-knight-essay-examples/.

1. IvyPanda . "63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples." September 27, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/sir-gawain-and-the-green-knight-essay-examples/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "63 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Topics & Examples." September 27, 2024. https://ivypanda.com/essays/topic/sir-gawain-and-the-green-knight-essay-examples/.

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Chivalry: a Dynamic Tale of Virtue in Medieval Epochs

This essay about the enduring legacy of chivalry explores its vibrant evolution from the fragmented remnants of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century. Beyond the clashing of swords and jousting tournaments, chivalry emerges as a living force, shaping an era with profound ideals that extend beyond mere battles and politics. Examining the roots of chivalry in the Latin term “caballarius,” it transforms from a static rulebook into a dynamic philosophy embracing honor, bravery, and courtesy. Knights, as living embodiments of this code, uphold justice and humility, navigating the shifting hues of medieval society. The essay into the romanticization of chivalry in literature, where troubadours and poets weave tales of courtly love and noble adventures. It explores how the chivalric code permeated every aspect of medieval society, dictating social interactions and emphasizing the emergence of the “gentleman.” Despite facing contradictions and challenges, chivalry endures, shaping the virtues of honor, courage, and courtesy that remain relevant in the modern era.

How it works

In the rich tapestry of history, the luminous thread of chivalry weaves a narrative that goes beyond the clashing of swords and the jousting tournaments of medieval Europe. Chivalry, born from the fragmented remnants of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, isn’t just a dusty code of conduct for knights. It’s a vibrant philosophy, a living force that shaped an era in ways more profound than battles and feudal politics could convey.

Chivalry’s roots, tangled in the turmoil of a fragmented Europe, sprouted from the Latin word “caballarius,” a term that rode in on the backs of mounted warriors.

Initially confined to martial prowess, it soon metamorphosed into a dynamic philosophy that embraced honor, bravery, and courtesy, transcending the boundaries of a knight’s armor and echoing through the ages.

At its core, chivalry wasn’t a static rulebook but a pulsating framework adapting to the whims of medieval society. Knights, the living embodiments of this code, weren’t just expected to swing swords with finesse; they were entrusted with upholding justice, loyalty, and humility. The chivalric code, like a chameleon, adjusted to the hues of a changing society.

Honor, a central tenet of chivalry, wasn’t a mere label; it was a sacred duty. Knights were like custodians of honor, defenders of a virtue that often led them into daring exploits on the battlefield. This pursuit of honor, romanticized in Arthurian legends and chansons de geste, wasn’t merely a worldly quest but a spiritual odyssey that intertwined the secular with the divine.

The romanticization of chivalry found an eloquent voice in literature. Troubadours and poets wove tales of courtly love and noble adventures, not merely for entertainment but as vessels carrying the ideals of chivalry to the masses. Arthurian legends, with knights in gleaming armor and quests for the Holy Grail, became the symbolic epitome of the chivalric ethos, etching themselves into the cultural psyche.

Chivalry wasn’t a realm reserved for the pages of books; it permeated the very fabric of medieval society. The code of conduct dictated rules for social interactions, emphasizing courtesy, politeness, and a special regard for women. The “gentleman” emerged as the embodiment of chivalric virtues, a living testament to the ideals in both action and demeanor.

However, as with any ideal, chivalry grappled with contradictions and challenges. The harsh realities of medieval life often clashed with the idyllic image of the chivalrous knight. Warfare, political machinations, and the complexities of feudalism sometimes coerced knights into compromises. Nevertheless, the allure of chivalry lay in its aspirational nature, offering a moral compass in a world shrouded in uncertainties.

As time marched on, chivalry shape-shifted, adapting to the evolving dynamics of society. The Crusades became a stage where knights showcased their prowess and unwavering commitment to the Christian faith. The melding of religious fervor with chivalric ideals created a potent force that fueled the Crusaders’ endeavors in the Holy Land.

Yet, by the late Middle Ages, the chivalric order began to wane. The advent of gunpowder and firearms shifted the dynamics of warfare, rendering traditional knightly armor obsolete. Centralized monarchies and a burgeoning courtly culture further diminished the importance of martial prowess.

Despite its decline as a military institution, chivalry endured as a cultural and literary legacy. Renaissance humanists and subsequent scholars delved into the chivalric ideals as a fount of inspiration, breathing new life into the Arthurian legends and chansons de geste. The concept of the “gentleman” persisted, evolving into a broader cultural archetype that transcended the medieval context.

In the modern era, chivalry continues to echo, though in a different symphony. The virtues of honor, courage, and courtesy remain relevant, shaping our understanding of ethical behavior and moral responsibility. The knight in shining armor may have yielded to a more nuanced heroism, but the echoes of chivalry persist, resonating in our collective consciousness.

In conclusion, chivalry isn’t a relic; it’s a living philosophy that transcends the clinks of armor and the thunderous hooves of warhorses. It’s a vibrant force that shaped an era, its ideals continuing to inspire and color our understanding of virtue and nobility.

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Home Essay Samples History

Essay Samples on Chivalry

The concept of chivalry and stereotypical gentlemanship.

The time has come for chivalry and stereotypical gentlemanship to take their place in the graveyard next to all other gender norms that have been killed off in recent years. Why is it that just because some people are born as male, they are expected...

• Stereotypes

Christian Pacifism in the Middle Age Period

In the Middle Ages, through the system of feudalism, every emperor or king is honored as the liege of all his vassals, who in this time will be all the nobles and knights who fight for him. However, because most of them were devout to...

Depiction Of Courtly Knighthood In Anglo-Saxon And Medieval Literature

Through the course of history, there has been intrusions of tribes from different areas. Such invasions have affected the course of history, and it also impacted the literature realm. The various invasions have occurred during the early centuries and are known as the Anglo-Saxons. With...

• Christian Worldview
• Courtly Love

Chivalry and Courtly Love in Old Times vs Today: Analysis of the Film "Monty Python and the Holy Grail"

Courtly love and chivalry are two disciplines that portray an image or code of old times. Courtly love is based around women and “Forbidden Love”. Where men are polite and admire their love from a distance due to several circumstances. With courtly love, the pair...

Usage of Satire in the Miller’s Tale to Parody the Ideas of Courtly Love and Chivalry in the Knight’s Tale

Throughout Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Canterbury Tales”, the ideas of courtly love and chivalry are present throughout many of the tales, however these ideas are only in part. In order to understand how these notions are only partially present, it is important to understand what exactly...

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Life in the Medieval Era Europe

Life in the Medieval Era wasn’t as glamorous as people made it seem to be. Peasants and serfs had lived a hard life while the kings, queens, and lords lived luxuriously out of the expense of others who were under them. Reading and writing were...

The Stire of Chivalry in Monthy Python and the Holy Grail

The perception pertaining to chivalry in the role of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is adequately performed within Monty Python and the Holy Grail. As discussed in the book regarding Gawain of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight this is obviously an honorable horseman...

• King Arthur

Best topics on Chivalry

1. The Concept of Chivalry and Stereotypical Gentlemanship

2. Christian Pacifism in the Middle Age Period

3. Depiction Of Courtly Knighthood In Anglo-Saxon And Medieval Literature

4. Chivalry and Courtly Love in Old Times vs Today: Analysis of the Film “Monty Python and the Holy Grail”

5. Usage of Satire in the Miller’s Tale to Parody the Ideas of Courtly Love and Chivalry in the Knight’s Tale

6. Life in the Medieval Era Europe

7. The Stire of Chivalry in Monthy Python and the Holy Grail

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Chivalry essay.

During the Middle Ages chivalry (derived from Latin caballus, “nag,” and closely related to French chevalier, Spanish caballero, and English cavalier) denoted the class of knighthood and the ideals associated with it. The noble knight was distinguished from the peasant infantryman by several attributes: his horse, weapons (sword and lance), banner, and attendants. Medieval chivalry became closely associated with the church and the Crusades. Whereas the early church believed Christianity and the profession of arms to be incompatible, medieval church leaders encouraged the development of a new, Christian order of knighthood. Bernard of Clairvaux’s treatise In Praise of the New Knighthood (c. 1128–31) commends the Knights Templar, a crusading order of soldiers who drew their strength in battle from their fervent faith.

Christian knights continued to swear allegiance to a liege-lord but also received a blessing from the church. This was known as the Benedictio novi militis (benediction for new soldiers). Before participating in the ritual a candidate typically confessed his sins, fasted, and prayed during a night-long vigil. His sword was placed on the altar and blessed. Kneeling and dressed in white, he swore the oath of chivalry and at the same time renewed his baptismal vow. Echoes of St. Bernard’s exhortation to fight and live for Christ made their way into 12th century literature, as evidenced by Chrétien de Troyes’s last Arthurian romance, The Quest for the Grail (Perceval) (c. 1190).

Chivalry was not only associated, however, with religion and the crusades. Certain 12th century vernacular poets—like Chrétien de Troyes and Marie de France— praised the virtues and courtesy of knightly society, thereby contributing to the rise of courtly romance, a genre that exalts the refined or pure love (fin’amors) between a knight and his lady. The audiences of these early vernacular works were largely feminine, and throughout the stories, women play an important role. This contrasts sharply with the relative absence of female characters from the French chansons de geste (such as the Song of Roland) and Germanic epics (such as Beowulf). The cult of fin’amors (or courtly love, as the 19th-century philologist Gaston Paris named it) originated in the 11th century with the lyric poetry of the troubadours and trouvères. (Troubadours wrote in the Provençal langue d’oc of southern France; trouvères composed their works in the langue d’oil of the north.) These poets were typically noblemen, like William IX of Aquitaine, who is often described as the first troubadour. The works of several female troubadours—or trobairitz—have also survived (such as the countess of Dia).

Under the influence of powerful patrons of the arts—such as Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine (granddaughter of William IX) and her daughter, Marie, countess of Champagne—the cult of courtly love spread throughout medieval Europe. At the end of the 12th century Andreas Capellanus, writing for the countess Marie, composed a Latin treatise commonly referred to as the Art of Courtly Love (c. 1184–86). Andreas draws upon the writings of Ovid and the conventions of Provencal poetry in order to outline the proper behavior and attitudes of courtly lovers. According to Andreas, love is an “inborn suffering derived from the sight of and excessive meditation upon the beauty of the opposite sex, ”which ennobles the lover’s character and drives him to great accomplishments. Chrétien de Troyes’s Knight of the Cart (c. 1180)—also dedicated to Marie of Champagne—provides a good case in point: Lancelot accomplishes great feats because his faithful (yet adulterous) love for Guinevere pushes him to surpass all other knights at King Arthur’s court.

Courtly love relationships existed mainly outside marriage. Andreas insists that the man must initiate the love affair by declaring his devotion. He fully submits to the will of the lady, who has the power to accept or to deny her suitor. In either case, the knight will continue to serve her. The courtly love relationship thus mirrors the feudal bond between the knight and his liege-lord. At the end of his book, Andreas rejects love. For this reason, some scholars believe that his whole work constitutes a parody of courtly love and must not be taken seriously. Indeed later authors, like Alain Chartier in the Belle dame sans merci, do not hesitate to expose the excesses associated with courtly love, such as the unfair treatment of men by merciless and fickle women.

Much vernacular literature of the 13th and 14th centuries also celebrates the paradigms of courtly love. The Romance of the Rose by Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun describes the efforts of the narrator to attain the love of “she who is worthy to be called Rose.” Geoffrey Chaucer (who translated the Romance of the Rose) makes the courtly love tradition the central theme of his Troilus and Criseyde. “The Knight’s Tale” (from the Canterbury Tales) warns of the dangers of falling prey to the “amor de lonh.” Two male cousins, Arcite and Palamon, fall in love with a beautiful young woman they have spied from afar. This infatuation for the fair Emelye ultimately leads to the death of Arcite. Through the “Knight’s Tale,” Chaucer mocks the place of the lady within the courtly relationship: Emelye is reduced to a passive bystander, forced to marry against her will. Although she is idealized and even worshipped by Arcite and Palamon, she has no control over her own destiny.

Chaucer’s false idolatry provides a sharp contrast to Dante Alighieri’s love for Beatrice, whom he woos in La Vita Nuova, and whose grace and beauty eventually lead him to the contemplation of God in the third book of the Divine Comedy. For Dante, who draws on St. Bernard’s treatise On Loving God, the courtly relationship guides the lover not only to accomplish great feats but also to grow close to God through his chaste and pure love for a lady. (Meanwhile lustful lovers who do not repent of their sins—like Paolo and Francesca—are condemned to eternal suffering in the Inferno.)

The influence of medieval chivalry and courtly love on western Europe was lasting and profound. In the 16th-century Book of the Courtier, Baldassare Castiglione models his advice for male and female courtiers in Renaissance Italy on knightly etiquette. Famous poets like Petrarch, Ronsard, Donne, and Shakespeare continued to woo ladies in the fashion of the troubadours for centuries. In the 19th century Walter Scott and Tennyson contributed to a veritable rebirth of chivalric—and highly romanticized—literature; throughout the 20th century, stories of medieval knights fighting for the love of their ladies (such as White’s Once and Future King) flourished.

Bibliography :

• Capellanus, Andreas. The Art of Courtly Love. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990;
• Chickering, H., and T. H. Seiler, eds. The Study of Chivalry: Resources and Approaches. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications, 1988;
• Gaunt, Simon, and Sarah Kay, eds. The Troubadours: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999;
• Ferrante, J. M., and G. D. Economou, eds. In Pursuit of Perfection: Courtly Love in Medieval Literature. Port Washington, WI: Kennikat Press, 1975;
• Keen, M. Chivalry. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1984;
• Lewis, C. S. The Allegory of Love: A Study in Medieval Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958;
• Smith, N. B., and J. T. Snow, eds. The Expansion and Transformation of Courtly Literature. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1980;
• Porter, Pamela. Courtly Love in Medieval Manuscripts. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.

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