an unforgettable trip to anuradhapura essay

Exploring the Best Attractions and Hidden Gems in Anuradhapura: A Comprehensive Guide

Ever planned a trip and felt overwhelmed by the sheer number of sightseeing spots? I’ve been there too when planning my visit to Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, filled with so many fascinating historical sites and hidden gems.

This comprehensive guide will simplify your exploration in this ancient city by highlighting top attractions, lesser-known treasures, and essential travel tips. Ready for an unforgettable adventure into history? Let’s set sail to Anuradhapura!

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

• Anuradhapura is a historical city in Sri Lanka known for its cultural and historical significance.
• The top attractions in Anuradhapura include the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree, Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, Jetavanaramaya Stupa, Abeyagiri Monastery, and Kuttam Pokuna.
• Hidden gems in Anuradhapura include Mihintale, Ritigala Forest Monastery, Nuwara Wewa Reservoir Buddha Statue, and Lankarama Temple Ruins.
• Visitors can also participate in traditional ceremonies, explore local markets, and venture off the beaten path to discover more hidden gems.

Anuradhapura: A Brief Overview

Anuradhapura, located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, is a city known for its historical and cultural significance.

Location and climate

Anuradhapura is in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. This ancient city has a tropical climate. It is hot and humid most days. The temperature stays around 80 degrees Fahrenheit all year round.

You might want to bring a hat or an umbrella for shade when you visit. The months from May to August have heavy rains due to the southwest monsoon. November and December are also rainy because of the northeast monsoon season.

Anuradhapura Ancient City

Anuradhapura Ancient City is a must-visit attraction in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and holds great cultural and historical significance. This ancient city was once the capital of Sri Lanka and dates back thousands of years.

You can explore the ruins of palaces, temples, and monasteries that showcase the rich history and architectural brilliance of Anuradhapura. Some notable landmarks include the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree , which is the oldest documented tree in the world; Ruwanwelisaya Stupa , one of the tallest stupas in Sri Lanka; and Jetavanaramaya Stupa , believed to be one of the largest brick structures in the ancient world.

The ancient city offers a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s past and is an incredible experience for adventure travelers seeking historical exploration.

Cultural significance

Anuradhapura holds immense cultural significance in Sri Lanka. As part of the country’s cultural triangle, this ancient city is renowned for its historical heritage and sacred sites.

It was once the capital of the Sinhalese kingdom and served as a prominent center for Buddhism. Today, visitors can explore the remarkable ruins of Anuradhapura Ancient City, which showcase impressive structures like stupas, monasteries, and palaces dating back centuries.

One of the most important cultural icons in Anuradhapura is the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi, an ancient fig tree believed to be one of the oldest living trees planted by Emperor Ashoka’s daughter.

Its branches offer shade to countless devotees who come here to seek blessings and engage in religious rituals.

The city also houses other significant landmarks such as Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, Jetavanaramaya Stupa, Abeyagiri Monastery, and Kuttam Pokuna – twin ponds that were used by monks for bathing rituals.

These sites not only hold historical value but also exemplify Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage and architectural prowess.

Top Attractions in Anuradhapura

Some of the top attractions in Anuradhapura include the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree, Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, Jetavanaramaya Stupa, Abeyagiri Monastery, and Kuttam Pokuna.

Sri Maha Bodhi Tree

One of the top attractions in Anuradhapura is the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree, which is considered to be one of the oldest trees in the world. This sacred tree is believed to have grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree in India under which Buddha attained enlightenment.

It holds immense religious significance for Buddhists and attracts pilgrims from all over the world. Located within Anuradhapura Ancient City, it is truly a must-visit site for those seeking spiritual experiences and cultural immersion.

Ruwanwelisaya Stupa

Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is one of the top attractions in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is a giant white dome-shaped structure that holds religious significance for Buddhists. Adventure travelers will be amazed by its impressive size and peaceful atmosphere.

The stupa is said to enshrine relics of Lord Buddha, making it a sacred place for worship and reflection. Visitors can walk around the stupa and admire the intricate carvings and details on its outer walls.

Don’t forget to take off your shoes as a sign of respect when entering this spiritual site. Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is definitely worth a visit if you want to immerse yourself in the rich history and cultural heritage of Anuradhapura.

Jetavanaramaya Stupa

The Jetavanaramaya Stupa is one of the top attractions in Anuradhapura. It is a massive stupa that stands tall and proud, offering a glimpse into the ancient history of Sri Lanka. Adventure travelers will be amazed by its grandeur and significance.

Built during the 3rd century, it was once considered one of the tallest structures in the world! Exploring this magnificent stupa allows you to appreciate the architectural genius of ancient Sri Lankan builders.

As you stand at its base and gaze up at its towering structure, you can’t help but feel a sense of awe and wonder. The Jetavanaramaya Stupa is truly a sight to behold for anyone visiting Anuradhapura.

Abeyagiri Monastery

Another must-visit attraction in Anuradhapura is the Abeyagiri Monastery. This ancient monastery was once a flourishing center of Buddhist learning and meditation. Today, visitors can explore the ruins of this historical site and get a glimpse into the spiritual life of monks who lived here centuries ago.

The towering stupa, intricately carved stone pillars, and scattered remains of buildings make for a fascinating visit. Don’t forget to bring your camera to capture the beauty and tranquility of Abeyagiri Monastery during your trip to Anuradhapura!

Kuttam Pokuna

Kuttam Pokuna, also known as the Twin Ponds, is a fascinating attraction in Anuradhapura. These twin pools were built during ancient times and served as bathing ponds for the monks.

The Kuttam Pokuna showcases incredible engineering skills of the past, with its intricate water supply system and beautiful stone carvings. As an adventure traveler, exploring Kuttam Pokuna will give you a glimpse into the rich history and cultural heritage of Anuradhapura.

Don’t forget to bring your camera to capture this stunning site!

Hidden Gems in Anuradhapura

Discover the lesser-known treasures of Anuradhapura, including the mystical Mihintale, enchanting Ritigala Forest Monastery, captivating Nuwara Wewa Reservoir Buddha Statue, and ancient ruins of Lankarama Temple.

One of the hidden gems in Anuradhapura is Mihintale. It’s a place of historical significance and a popular day outing destination near Anuradhapura. It offers adventure travelers the opportunity to explore ancient ruins, climb up stone steps, and enjoy breathtaking views from the top.

Mihintale is known as the birthplace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, making it an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists. Here, you can visit various temples, shrines, and dagobas that hold religious importance.

Don’t forget to bring your camera along to capture the stunning scenery surrounding Mihintale.

Ritigala Forest Monastery

Next on our list of hidden gems in Anuradhapura is the Ritigala Forest Monastery. This secluded and mystical monastery is located amidst the lush greenery of Ritigala Mountain, offering a serene and peaceful atmosphere for visitors to explore.

With its ancient ruins and stone inscriptions dating back to the 1st century BC, Ritigala Forest Monastery holds great historical and archaeological significance. As you wander through the forest paths, you’ll be captivated by the tranquil beauty of nature while discovering remnants of an ancient Buddhist monastery.

The site also offers breathtaking views from its highest point, making it a must-visit for adventure travelers seeking both spiritual and natural experiences in Anuradhapura.

Nuwara Wewa Reservoir Buddha Statue

One of the hidden gems in Anuradhapura is the Nuwara Wewa Reservoir Buddha Statue. This impressive statue stands tall and serene, overlooking the reservoir. It is a symbol of peace and spirituality, attracting both locals and tourists alike.

The statue’s location near the water provides a tranquil atmosphere, making it a perfect spot for meditation or simply enjoying the surrounding natural beauty. Visiting this hidden gem is a great way to immerse yourself in the cultural heritage of Anuradhapura while also experiencing its peaceful ambiance.

Lankarama Temple Ruins

Lankarama Temple Ruins is one of the must-visit hidden gems in Anuradhapura. These ancient ruins are situated near the main city and offer a glimpse into the rich history and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka.

Adventure travelers will be amazed by the architectural beauty and serene surroundings of Lankarama Temple Ruins. The site was once home to a magnificent stupa, which has now been mostly destroyed, but you can still see its remnants scattered throughout the area.

Exploring these ruins is like stepping back in time, as you wander through the remains of what was once a grand temple complex. Don’t forget to bring your camera along, as there are plenty of photo-worthy spots amidst these ancient ruins.

Experiences and Activities in Anuradhapura

Immerse yourself in Anuradhapura’s rich culture and traditions by participating in traditional ceremonies, exploring local markets, and venturing off the beaten path to discover hidden gems.

Traditional ceremonies

One of the unique experiences you can have in Anuradhapura is attending traditional ceremonies. These ceremonies are an important part of the local culture and offer a glimpse into ancient traditions.

You can witness rituals, chantings, and offerings at temples like Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi or Abhayagiri Dagoba. It’s a chance to immerse yourself in the spiritual atmosphere and learn more about the customs and beliefs of the local people.

Don’t miss out on this opportunity to participate in something truly special during your visit to Anuradhapura.

Local markets

When exploring Anuradhapura, don’t forget to check out the local markets. They offer a unique and vibrant experience, allowing you to immerse yourself in the daily life of the locals.

You can find a variety of fresh produce, spices, handicrafts, and traditional Sri Lankan snacks . Take your time strolling through the bustling market stalls, interact with friendly vendors, and maybe even try bargaining for some souvenirs.

It’s a great way to get a taste of the local culture and bring home some authentic treasures from your trip to Anuradhapura.

Exploring off-the-beaten-path locations

If you’re an adventure traveler looking to explore off-the-beaten-path locations in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, you’re in for a treat! While the main attractions are definitely worth visiting, there are also hidden gems waiting to be discovered.

One such gem is Mihintale, located near Anuradhapura. It’s a hill with ancient ruins and offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding area. Another hidden gem is Ritigala Forest Monastery, where you can hike through lush forests and discover ancient Buddhist meditation caves.

If you’re interested in unique statues, don’t miss the Nuwara Wewa Reservoir Buddha Statue – it’s a giant statue surrounded by peaceful nature. Lastly, visit the Lankarama Temple Ruins for a serene and tranquil experience away from the crowds.

Practical Information for Visiting Anuradhapura

When to visit and how to get there, accommodations and transportation options, and tips for enjoying your visit.

When to visit and how to get there

Anuradhapura is best visited during the dry season, from May to September, when the weather is warm and rainfall is minimal. To get to Anuradhapura, you can fly into Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo and then take a domestic flight or a bus to Anuradhapura. Another option is to take a train or hire a private car for a scenic drive. It’s important to plan your transportation in advance, as public transportation options can be limited.

Accommodations and transportation options

When planning your trip to Anuradhapura, it’s important to consider accommodations and transportation options. Here are some things to keep in mind:

• There are a variety of accommodation options available in Anuradhapura, ranging from luxury hotels to budget guesthouses. You can choose according to your preferences and budget.
• Some popular hotels in Anuradhapura include the Ulagalla Resort, Grand Crown Hotel, and Rajarata Hotel. These hotels offer comfortable rooms and convenient amenities for your stay.
• If you prefer a more authentic experience, you can also opt for homestays or guesthouses run by locals. This allows you to immerse yourself in the local culture and interact with the residents.
• When it comes to transportation, there are several ways to get around Anuradhapura. You can rent a car or hire a driver if you prefer a more convenient and flexible option.
• Another popular mode of transportation is hiring a bicycle or tuk – tuk. This allows you to explore the attractions at your own pace and enjoy the scenic surroundings.
• Public buses are also available for getting around the city and visiting nearby attractions. They are an affordable option but may be crowded at times.
• It’s advisable to plan your transportation ahead of time and consider the distance between attractions when creating your itinerary.

Tips for enjoying your visit

Here are some tips to help you enjoy your visit to Anuradhapura:

• Plan your visit during the cooler months, as Anuradhapura can get quite hot and humid.
• Wear comfortable clothing and footwear, as you will be walking a lot.
• Start your day early to avoid crowds and make the most of your time exploring the attractions.
• Stay hydrated by carrying a water bottle with you.
• Respect the cultural and religious significance of the sites by dressing modestly and removing your shoes when required.
• Engage with local guides or hire a knowledgeable guide who can provide insights into the history and significance of each attraction.
• Try local cuisine at the nearby food stalls or restaurants for an authentic experience.
• Carry a camera to capture beautiful moments and memories during your visit.
• Take breaks and rest in shaded areas when needed to prevent fatigue.
• Finally, immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of Anuradhapura by embracing the peaceful surroundings and taking time to appreciate the historical sites.

Anuradhapura offers an incredible array of attractions and hidden gems for adventurous travelers to explore. From ancient ruins and temples to beautiful natural landscapes, there is something for everyone in this historic city.

Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or outdoor activities, Anuradhapura has it all. So pack your bags and get ready to discover the best that Anuradhapura has to offer!

1. What are some of the best attractions in Anuradhapura?

Some of the best attractions in Anuradhapura include the Sri Maha Bodhi, Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, and Jaya Sri Maha Bodhiya.

2. Are there any hidden gems worth exploring in Anuradhapura?

Yes, there are hidden gems in Anuradhapura such as the Isurumuniya Temple, Kuttam Pokuna (Twin Ponds), and Ratnaprasada.

3. How can I get around to explore these attractions in Anuradhapura?

You can explore these attractions by hiring a tuk-tuk or bicycle, taking a guided tour, or walking if they are within close proximity.

4. When is the best time to visit Anuradhapura for sightseeing?

The best time to visit Anuradhapura for sightseeing is during the dry season from May to September when rainfall is minimal and weather conditions are more pleasant.

Melanie Cho is a passionate traveler, storyteller, and cultural enthusiast with a heart that bridges the landscapes of Korea and Sri Lanka. As a 28-year-old Korean woman who spent her formative years splitting time between these two captivating worlds, Melanie’s unique upbringing ignited her love for exploration and connection. Her intimate knowledge of both cultures enables her to share authentic insights, captivating stories, and practical tips that inspire fellow adventurers to embark on unforgettable journeys.

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Visit the Ruins of Anuradhapura: One of Sri Lanka’s Ancient Capitals

The temples in Anuradhapura are an important pilgrimage destination for Buddhists. Read on for some of the best places to visit in Anuradhapura, how to get there, how to get around and where to stay .

The sacred city of Anuradhapura is an ancient capital in Sri Lanka and one of the country’s precious UNESCO Heritage Sites . This city is a living site in the sense that the ruins of Anuradhapura remain a pilgrimage destination for devout Buddhists in Sri Lanka and around the world: it was established around what people believe to be a branch of the Bodhi tree where Buddha attained enlightenment.

Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka was the country’s first capital city that flourished for more than 13 centuries. The city was abandoned after an invasion, after which the capital was shifted to Polonnaruwa . Today, the sprawling Anuradhapura ruins comprise of crumbling monasteries, temples and palaces that can be explored over the course of a day.

Though some people opt to stay overnight in Anuradhapura, it is an easy day trip destination from Dambulla or Sigiriya . Read on for what you need to know before visiting the ruins of Anuradhapura!

Planning a trip to Sri Lanka? Click here for 12 things you should know before visiting Sri Lanka!

How to get to Anuradhapura

To get to Anuradhapura I would actually recommend that you base yourself in Sigiriya or Dambulla: this way, you can climb the giant rock fortress, visit the Dambulla Cave Temple and go on a safari in Minneriya or Kaudulla National Parks in addition to touring the Anuradhapura ruins.

In terms of distance, Anuradhapura is a 4 hour drive away from Colombo (or you can take a train – more details here ), 90 minute drive away from Dambulla or Sigiriya, or a 4 hour drive from Kandy. It is easy to go on a day trip from Dambulla to Anuradhapura; I would not recommend going on a day trip from Colombo or Kandy to Anuradhapura due to the drive times.

Your best bet is to ask your hotel to organize a van to take you to Anuradhapura and drive you between the various landmarks – expect to pay anywhere from 15,000 LKR and upwards for the day if you’re visiting from Dambulla or Sigiriya.

How to get around Anuradhapura

It gets really, really hot in this part of Sri Lanka, and after 3 hours of sightseeing in Anuradhapura I suffered from heat stroke as there is zero-to-minimal shade. I do not recommend cycling or walking around if you want to cover the top places to visit in Anuradhapura. Moreso than Polonnaruwa , the sights in Anuradhapura are even more spread out and further apart.

The best way to see the ancient city of Anuradhapura, especially if you only have 1 day to see it all, is by (air conditioned) car. Google Maps is fairly accurate when it comes to the individual sights, or you can grab a map from the ticket office/archaeological museum.

Entry fees for Anuradhapura

I arrived at the Archaeological Museum (which doubles as the Anuradhapura ticket office) at approximately 10 AM and was done by 2 PM. The Anuradhapura ruins are open from 7 AM to 5:30 PM every day, and I would recommend that you get an early start as the weather in Anuradhapura is stifling and overwhelmingly steamy.

An adult ticket costs 25 USD. Tickets are half-priced for children from 6-12 years old. This ticket does not include entry to Isurumuniya Rajamaha Viharaya or Sri Maha Bodhi – each of these two sites has their own separate entry ticket priced between 200-500 LKR. Bring cash to pay for your tickets.

As tickets are not checked at every single monument, some people either knowingly skip out on paying the entrance fee, or are scammed by guides or tuk tuk drivers who claim that you do not have to buy a ticket. However, your ticket cost goes towards the conservation of the Anuradhapura ruins – I highly encourage you to pay the entrance fee at the ticket office . In fact, it seems that the Central Cultural Fund is clamping down on people who scam the system – my ticket was checked twice during my time at Anuradhapura by security guards.

In addition to the price of entry, you will need to have some small change to pay a small parking fee at each of the parking lots.

What to wear when visiting Anuradhapura

The city is located within Sri Lanka’s “dry zone”, and the weather in Anuradhapura is oppressive. When I visited in April the temperature reached upwards of 35 degrees Celsius (95 Fahrenheit) during the day. Opt for light, breathable clothing that covers your shoulders and knees as Anuradhapura contains religious shrines and monuments.

You will also need to take your shoes off to enter the Anuradhapura temples, so wear shoes that are easy to slip on and off . As the concrete and brick floor gets extremely hot, you will absolutely need to bring some socks unless you want blistered feet.

Also bring sunglasses, sunscreen, water, a hat and camera but be prepared to take your sunglasses and hat off to enter religious shrines. It should also be noted that taking photos with your back facing the Buddha images or statues is prohibited at all of the monuments, and drones are not allowed at Anuradhapura. More information on what not to do in Sri Lanka here .

What to see in Anuradhapura

There are a number of must-visit places in Anuradhapura – you should plan on spending no less than 3-4 hours in the ancient city. Here is a map to help you plan your Anuradhapura trip.

Read on for 10 places to visit in Anuradhapura!

1. Ruwanwelisaya (AKA Ruvanveli Seya)

Ruwanwelisaya is one of the most important temples in Anuradhapura and a major place of worship in Sri Lanka. The massive stupa is painted a brilliant white and was built by King Dutugemunu in approximately 140 BC. The shrines and temple are adorned with lotus and jasmine flowers by devout Buddhist worshippers. You will need to remove your shoes to enter.

2. Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi

The Sri Maha Bodhi is a sacred shrine built around the southern branch of the sacred Bodhi tree which was planted in the 3rd Century BC – today, the branch from the original tree is supported by golden scaffoldings.

It is the oldest historically documented tree in the world, and is one of the three symbols of Buddhist worship, the other two being the stupa and the image of Buddha. Buddhists have a strong belief that offerings made to this Bodhi tree will result in positive changes in their life.

When I visited, security guards looked over my outfit to make sure that I was decent, and there were also signs around the site asking that visitors wear white clothing. Though the shawl covering my shoulders was black, I was still allowed entry. I was also asked by another security guard not to take photos of the tree itself, though I was told by some other member of staff that it was fine – just something to be aware of. You should not take photos of people during prayer. Entry requires a separate ticket that isn’t covered by your Anuradhapura ticket.

3. Isurumuniya Viharaya

The Isurumuniya Rajamaha Viharaya was constructed by King Devanpiyatissa in the 3rd Century BC. During his reign, 500 children were ordained and the Isurumuniya was built as a monastic complex to house all of them. There are several carvings at the Isurumuniya, the most famous one being the Isurumuniya Lovers dating back to the 6th Century; the temple also features other stone carvings including the Elephant Pond depicting 4 elephants bathing, and The Royal Family. Admission to Isurumuniya Vihara costs 200 LKR.

4. Mirisawetiya Stupa

Built by King Dutugemunu in 161 BC, the Mirisawetiya Stupa is a quieter temple enshrining the king’s ruling sceptre. It is located just 2 minutes away from the Archaeological Museum and is off the typical tourist trail at Anuradhapura. For this reason, it tends to be more peaceful and receives less visitors than say, Ruwanwelisaya.

5. Jethavanaramaya (or Jetavanarama)

Built in 276-303 BC by King Mahasen, Jetavanarama is one of the tallest brick monuments in the world and contains sacred relics including gold folios containing sutras (scriptures) with Buddhist teachings, coins, ceramics and other artefacts. For this reason, it is one of the most important temples in Anuradhapura.

6. Abhayagiriya Stupa

The second largest of the stupas in Sri Lanka, the Abhayagiri Stupa is 235 feet tall and was built by King Vattagamini (AKA Walagamba or Valagamba) in 89-77 BC upon a footprint of the Buddha in the terrace. It is believed that the broader monastic complex (extending over 200 hectares) was once an important educational institution, which today features sculptures, statues and residential units.

Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle is rich in culture, heritage and history. Click here for 7 places you must visit in the Cultural Triangle in Sri Lanka!

7. Kuttam Pokuna (Twin Ponds)

The Kuttam Pokuna in Abhayagiri is believed to have been built in the 8th or 9th Century for the water needs of the resident monks. The Twin Ponds feature stone steps leading into the water and is an example of Sri Lankan art and technology beyond its years. You are not allowed to step into the ponds but it is a beautiful piece of architecture not to be missed in Anuradhapura.

8. Samadhi Buddha Statue

The Samadhi Buddha Statue dating back to the 4th Century depicts the Buddha in deep seated meditation. The statue was sculpted into dolomite, and is in excellent condition – the Samadhi Buddha Statue is one of the most revered sites in Anuradhapura.

It is important to note that you are not allowed to take photos with your back facing the Buddha as it is considered extremely disrespectful – the landmark is patrolled by security guards. Head over here for more advice on what not to do in Sri Lanka.

9. The Moonstone

The Moonstone is a stone’s throw from the Abhayagiri Stupa dating back to the 7th or 8th Century. The Moonstone features realistic carvings that are thought to symbolize Samsara, the neverending cycle of birth and death, and breaking the cycle which leads to Nirvana, a state of enlightenment and freedom from suffering.

10. Thuparamaya

Thuparamaya is the first Buddhist temple in Sri Lanka dating back to early 200 BC under the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa.

It is one of the most spiritual places in Anuradhapura as it is said that the stupa was built to enshrine the right collarbone of Buddha.

Bonus: Anuradhapura scenic view point

This beautiful view point in Anuradhapura is located by a reservoir and offers unobstructed views of the ancient stupas. There is no entry fee and can easily be accessed by car or tuk tuk. Click here for the location.

Have more time in Anuradhapura? You might also want to venture over to Mihintale, 13 KM east of Anuradhapura. The temple complex contains ruins, stupas and a small museum. Mihintale is one of the most revered pilgrimage sites for Buddhists in Sri Lanka as it is believed to be where Buddhism first arrived in the country.

Alternatively, Wilpattu National Park is approximately 1 hour away by car from Anuradhapura, and if you’re lucky you might spot a leopard or elusive sloth bear during a wildlife safari! Click here to read more about visiting Wilpattu.

Where to stay if you’re visiting Anuradhapura

Beyond the complex itself, there aren’t a ton of things to do in Anuradhapura unless you also plan to go on a safari in Wilpattu National Park . Instead, I recommend that you stay in Dambulla or Sigiriya where there are more hotel options, and plan a day trip to Anuradhapura instead.

Check out EKHO Sigiriya (formerly named Zinc Journey Sigiriya) – it offers beautifully decorated rooms, incredible service and is right next to Sigiriya Rock. The rooms are spacious and some even open up to the front garden – you can even see the rock from the hotel! The hotel staff can also arrange safaris to Minneriya and Kaudulla National Parks to spot wild elephants. Click here to book your stay at EKHO Sigiriya!

Another option for nature lovers is Diyabubula , a 5 bedroom eco-luxury jungle hideaway that was built with sustainability at the forefront. Diyabubula is the perfect retreat if you want to be immersed in nature – it is shaded by dense canopy and is filled with the sounds of birds chirping, butterflies fluttering and monkeys jumping from tree to tree. Read my full hotel review here , or check out the various room types (bamboo grove, water villa, tree house) at their website!

Want to stay overnight in Anuradhapura and looking for more choices? Click here for more accommodation options around Anuradhapura!

Anuradhapura or Polonnaruwa?

I’m often asked whether it’s worth visiting both Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa. From a logistics standpoint, Polonnaruwa is in a more convenient location as you can also visit Sigiriya, the Dambulla Caves and Minneriya or Kaudulla National Parks ; Anuradhapura is located a little out of the way in comparison. The landmarks and sites in Polonnaruwa are also located more closely together, which makes them easier to visit; in contrast, Anuradhapura is a sprawling ancient city and it requires more, let’s say, effort to get around.

Both Polonnaruwa and Anuradhapura are rich in history, but Polonnaruwa, in my opinion, offers more signage with information about what you’re looking at. Most of the places in Anuradhapura do not offer much by way of information, and the majority of the signage is in Sinhalese. Perhaps owing to the age of the relics, the ruins of Polonnaruwa are in better condition than those in Anuradhapura. You can read more about Polonnaruwa by clicking here.

That being said, there is a certain electricity in the air at Anuradhapura that you won’t find in Polonnaruwa. It is a living heritage site, and there are thousands of Buddhist devotees who worship at the various temples in Anuradhapura – it offers a precious glimpse into the significance and importance of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

If you have more than 2 weeks in Sri Lanka , you might want to check out both of these ancient cities; however, if you are short on time then you might want to consider sticking to Polonnaruwa to maximize your time in the country and take advantage of its proximity to other popular tourist sites.

Have you visited Anuradhapura? What did you think of the ancient city?

You might also find these guides helpful:

• Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle is rich in culture, heritage and history. Read on for the top places to visit in the Cultural Triangle in Sri Lanka
• You might also want to head to see the ruins of Polonnaruwa – here is my guide to the top things to see in Polonnaruwa
• Planning a trip to Sri Lanka? Read this article first for important things you should know before visiting Sri Lanka
• Not sure where to start? Don’t miss my 2 week itinerary for the Pearl of the Indian Ocean or head on over here for my express 7 day itinerary for Sri Lanka
• You can also see the full collection of Sri Lanka travel tips and destination guides here

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My husband and I have been looking for somewhere to travel to for our 10th anniversary (we were first considering Ireland), but then a travel ad for Sri Lanka came across my thread and I was totally intrigued!! After reading several of your articles I think it is safe to assume we will be heading to Sri Lanka!! We are so excited to visit and experience the culture and the people!! Thank you for all of your insight and informative articles!! I can’t wait to tell you how our trip went!!!

Hi Debra, I am so thrilled to hear that you found my articles helpful and will be headed to Sri Lanka! Have the best time and be sure to report back!

Safe travels and happy anniversary to you both,

Sri Lanka is great more than any other country. I’m proud to be a srilankan and a Buddhist. In Lanka we have Buddhism we had gained an opportunity to engage in the way our Lord buddha had taught.

Hi Nethumya, thanks for taking the time to read this. Sri Lanka is a stunning country and I can’t wait to be back in my second home!

I will be on a business trip to Sri Lanka next week and plan to spend couples days afterwards to visit the ancient relics. Thank you for the very helpful information!

Hi David, have an amazing time! If you only have a few days I actually recommend going to Polonnaruwa, Sigiriya, Dambulla Caves and Minneriya/Kaudulla National Park instead. More tips here: https://www.yogawinetravel.com/travel/sri-lanka/

Wow, this place is beautiful. It has a historical and spiritual feeling in it. Thank you for sharing.

Hi Johanes, thanks for taking the time to read this!

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25 Places to visit in Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka's first capital city, Even known as the Sacred City of Anuradhapura, is located in Northern Central Province, Sri Lanka. Anuradhapura is renowned for Archaeological sites, civilisation, food and attractions placed upon an iconic inheritance setting.

Anuradhapura is a sacred city founded in the 4th century B.C. It has been a  UNESCO World Heritage Site  since 1982 under the name of the Sacred City of Anuradhapura. The centre of Theravada Buddhism for many centuries. Theravada Buddhism is a fork of Buddhism resting on its faith's oldest written Buddhist text.

The city of Anuradhapura held the capital city for the ethnic Sinhalese society from the 4th century B.C. till the beginning of the 11th century A.D. It remained one of the most stable centres of political power in South Asia throughout this time.

This early city is considered sacred to the Buddhist world. The town plays religious significance because it retains a cutting from the 'tree of enlightenment, the Buddha's fig tree which, was carried in the 3rd century B.C. by Sanghamitta – the originator of an array of Buddhist nuns.

Artificial lakes extending along the horizon, stupas that touched the sky and performed as data communications, dwellings atop rocks decorated with elaborate sculpture, water gardens and futuristic settings of technologies and stargates are just a few construction festivals of the ancient Sinhalese. Enhanced with Buddhism brought down from India approximately three thousand years before Sri Lankan technicians and artisans built unique breath-taking constructions in the ancient society. Formulated with bricks and carved with stones, these productions observed in the ancient city of Anuradhapura continues to astound the world. Here are some of the finest places to visit in Anuradhapura.

Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is a sizeable white stupa that predates the Jetavanarama stupa by over 1000 years. King Dutugemunu, who became king after defeating King Elara, managed its construction in 161 B.C. Wistfully, he did not live long enough to view its achievement. The gleaming white building is pretty extensive, with a height of 91.4 meters and a perimeter of 290 meters. It is the second-highest stupa in Anuradhapura and remains an influential site of worship. More Details

Jetawanaramaya was built by King Mahasen (276-303 AC). King Mahasen was a follower of Mahayana Buddhism. Jetavanarama is unique because of its massive stupa. The premises where the Jetavanarama is located earlier referred to Nandana Park. It is the area where Thera Mahinda preached the Dhamma for seven continuous days. Concluded with all the structures required for a monastery, buildings here, in addition to those built by King Mahasen, had been constructed by Kitisirimevan (303-331 AC) and kings who worked him. More Details

The Isurumuniya Viharaya is located near Tisa Wewa in Anuradhapura. There is a Viharaya attached to a cave, and above is a rock. A small stupa is established on it. Isurumuniya is renowned for its stone carvings, and the one is recognised as Isurumuniya Lovers is the most-admired and world-famous. The different carvings are of the Horseman, Elephant Pond and the Royal Family. The Isurumuniya Viharaya was built through the regime of Devanampiya Tissa, who ruled the ancient capital Anuradhapura. The Temple was created as a spiritual complex to house recently orientated monks. Some consider Isurumuni lovers are a representative of Hindu Gods Shiva and Parvati. However, according to Dr Paranawithana, it is thought that it’s a depiction of Prince Saliya, son of King Dutugemunu and Asokamala, a poor woman whom the prince preferred over the throne. The Bathing Elephants are different stone carvings favoured by several, and they make an extraordinary impact as you enter the temple premises. But, the carvings differ in their reproduction. Hence it is assumed that two artists did the work with varied techniques at various ages. The Man and the Horse is slightly ambiguous, and a man seated next to a horse is carved into the rock face over the pond. The man sits in a “King position”. His left arm extends vertically under where the hand is placed palm downwards. His right arm rests on his right leg bent at the knee. More Details

There is an unusual and unexplained artefact of an old civilisation of Si Lanka built on the rock in Ranmasu Uyana, also known as Gold Fish Park, found in the ancient city of Anuradhapura. This artefact is called Sekwala Chakraya, moreover identified as The Star Gate of Sri Lanka. Magul Uyana, the Royal Pleasure Gardens, lies on large rock stones and some caves. Engraved on the steep rock face of these boulders is a puzzling sight: a large circular diagram with a span nearly two metres in diameter. The circle is filled with different Opes of symbols and patterns- linear and circular in design. The most immediate reference to this artery curving was by H.C.P Bell, the first Archaeological Commissioner of Sri Lanka (1890-1912). It is assigned to in his 1901 Archaeology Survey Report of the North Central and Central Provinces. It is combined with the exploratory work he carried out in the area around the Isurumuniya Temple. More Details

Vessagiriya Buddhist forest monastery complex was built in the 3rd-century BC by King Devanampiyatissa. Twenty-three cases have been found in the complex. The legend implies it was supposed to be larger than presently, as rocks from this place have been used for other construction at later stages. It is considered that the name Vessagiriya has continued to originate from the Sanskrit word Vaishya and Sinhalese word Giri. Vaishya is one of the power castes in Indian culture which serves people in business and merchants. Giri is a Sinhalese word for hill. Hence, Vaishya Giri would mean the mountain of people in industry and traders. It also suggests that the modest monks residing here would have been merchants in their secular lives. The inscriptions carved on the stones by monks and enthusiasts reveal the story of Vessagiriya. According to the ancient records, Arahat Mahinda Thero, who founded Buddhism in Sri Lanka, ordained 500 Vaishyans in Vessagiriya. There are still flat granite surfaces where the ascetic monks have relaxed. Vessagiriya was considered to be known formerly as Issarasamanarama during the times of King Devanampiya Tissa. More Details

The Samadhi Buddha statue at Anuradhapura is among the best-preserved figures in the country. It is famous for setting the bar against which all other statues of its kind are found. In age, the Samadhi Buddha statue records back to either the 3rd or 4th Centuries AD, albeit its producer and advocate are unknown. The park of Mahamewna, though, escorted back to the 3rd Century BC and was amongst the most advanced generous gardens in the nation, sponsored by King Mutasiva. The present Samadhi Buddha statue reveals him in a state of thoughtful consideration, one hand on top of the other on his seat in a dhyana mudra, a gesture of peace. His feet are joined in the veerasana pose. In sum, this is a giant statue, seven feet three inches high. As it is heavily restored, it is thought by many to have slightly lost its initial value. Particularly in the nose, this had to be revised with cement after being destroyed during the 19th Century. More Details

Abhayagiri Stupa in Anuradhapura, the second most abundant of the stupas in Sri Lanka, was constructed by King Vattagamini Valagamba (89-77 BC). This continues up to the area of approximately 200 hectares. According to Bhikkhu Fa-Hsien, who toured Sri Lanka in the fifth century, there had been three thousand resident monks in the Mahavihara and five thousand monks in the Abhayagiri. The growth of Abhayagiri spread its peak in the reign of King Mahasen and was the core of Mahayana Buddhism. Buddhist structures found in the suburbs of Abhayagri show that this complex had been an essential educative institution both regionally and globally. More Details

Sandakada Pahana, also called Moonstone, is a semi-circular stone slab usually seen at the bottom of staircases of ancient religious places and any ancient royal palaces in Sri Lanka. It is a novel creation of ancient Sinhalese architecture. The Moonstone placed in the Mahasen’s Palace is the most elegant and best-preserved Moonstone found in Sri Lanka.

The symbols and their combination describes a tremendous religious meaning. Prof. Senarath Paranavithana introduced the widely trusted interpretation.

According to his statement, The Moonstone means the cycle of Sansara. The level symbolize worldly passions Thanha The lotus represents the final achievement of Nirvana. The elephant, bull, lion and horse represent birth, decay, disease and death. The swans signify the distinction between good and evil. More Details

Eth Pokuna, also called Elephant pond, is a massive artificial pond situated close to Lankaramaya Anuradhapura. This pond is 159 meters long, 52.7 meters crossed, and 9.5 meters in-depth, with 75,000 cubic meters of water holding volume. The water to this pond has been provided from the Periyamkulama Tank through a system of underground waterways, and you still can see part of the water lines built out of rock slabs. Those underground waterways still work after so many hundreds of years, and in 1982 after a hefty rainy season, you could see water pouring through these channels from the Periyamkulama tank. This tank has been utilised by the Abayagiri monastery monks, who amounted to over five thousand priests. More Details

The Abhayagiriya Museum was established within the ancient monastery complex of Abhayagiriya in Anuradhapura. It was opened for a public exhibition on 13th June 1992. The museum, designed in the old Panchavasa monastery plan, was developed by the Central Cultural Fund under economic aid from China. The Abhayagiriya Museum is classified as ‘Mahatissa-Faxian Cultural Complex’ to commemorate Ven. Kupikkala Mahatissa, the first chief administrator of the Abhayagiri Maha Vihara, and Ven. Fa-Xian, the Chinese Buddhist monk who studied Buddhism at the Abhayagiri Maha Vihara from 411 to 412 AD. It centres against the Abhayagiriya archaeological complex. The primary purpose of this museum is to manifest through artefacts recovered from Abhayagiriya that Sri Lanka was a prosperous country that flourished through international relations and a country where arts and technology harmonized remarkably. More Details

The pools The two pools are rectangular and built lower than the ground level. One of the pools is tinier than the other, and a narrow corridor separates both. Both pools have the same width but different lengths. The dimensions are making shorter towards the bottom of the collections. At the ground level, the size of the larger pool is 132 ft, while the smaller pool is 91 ft. The width of both reservoirs is 51 ft. More Details

Kalawewa National Park was declared a National Park in 2015; it includes the impressive Kalãwewa and Balaluwewa water tanks built by King Dhatusena in the 5th century. This Park of over 6000 hectares is home to elephants but with a critical feature - the herd has a great group of tuskers, male elephants with tusks (ivory). Only about seven per cent of the male elephant population have them, making tuskers a noble sight to see.

When the water levels drop from the tank beds in the dry zone, a lush grassland reveals itself – which is much interrogated after by the elephants. Resident herds and migratory herds from nearby forests all congregate to have the grass. As the Park is only open during the dry season, the chances of such sightings are very encouraging. And this is in addition to recognising large flocks of open-billed storks.

The monsoons arrive around October – November, and the grasslands disappear to give way to loaded up reservoirs. While the resident elephant herds remain, the migratory elephants return. The Park’s beautiful kumbuk trees and vegetation addition the reservoirs, birdlife and rustic surroundings. More Details

For birders like us, the scene is pleasant. Egrets, Grey Herons, Cormorants, Black-winged Stilts, Pelicans, Painted Stork and in season, migrants such as Kentish Plovers, Little-ringed Plovers, Barn Swallows, Sandpipers and others that frequent the lake are such a treat to observe. More Details

Suggested Read:  The Most Attractive Places to Visit in Sri Lanka

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