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Management and Human Resources Business Plans

The management portion of your business plan, the hr portion of your business plan, frequently asked questions (faqs).

As a startup, it’s never easy to come up with a business plan, let alone the management and human resources sections of a business plan. Despite that, it’s important that you start your business plan for human resources as soon as possible. Doing so gives your management goals a plan that will guide you and keep your business on track as it grows. 

The key components of your human resources business plan should include your organizational structure, the philosophy and needs of your HR department, the number of employees you want to hire, how you plan to manage them, and all the estimated costs related with personnel.

You’ll want to start your HR business plan by outlining your own managerial experience and skills as well as those of your team. Highlight the roles of each member of your team, and any particular areas of strength or deficiency in your personnel lineup. For example, your HR team may be strong in compliance and conflict resolution but weak in hiring. 

Don't worry if you don’t have a complete team in place when you write your HR business plan. Simply use this section to outline the organizational structure along with job descriptions, how you plan to recruit key team members, and what their responsibilities will be.

This section should look like a pyramid with you at the top and will likely have lateral positions. Be as specific as possible when defining an employee's responsibilities because this is what will drive your business.

Do You Need an HR Manager?

If you’re a solo practitioner, you may not think of including an HR manager in your management business plan. However, if you expect to hire non-managerial employees (such as salespeople or clerical workers), you should consider recruiting a human resources manager.

If hiring a human resources manager can’t be done, consider a human resources consultant. Human resource management requires an immense amount of time and paperwork, and an experienced HR consultant will be able to quickly get your payroll and benefits program up and running, affording you more time to concentrate on growing the business. Human resource responsibilities should include:

• Handling FICA and unemployment taxes and paperwork
• Ensuring compliance with the Family and Medical Leave Act
• Staying on top of IRS filings

There are plenty of companies that offer HR management platforms tailored to each business's needs. Research these companies and be sure to include their estimated cost in your HR business plan.

When you develop the HR portion of your business plan, begin by including a brief overview of your HR strategy. Investors may be curious about how your payroll will be handled and the associated costs of administering it, as well as the type of corporate culture you plan to create. Specific items to highlight in the HR section include:

• Payscale: Show the salaries for managers and non-managers based on the market for those jobs.
• Vacation time: Describe your vacation-time policy. How much time do employees get? How quickly does it accrue? Vacation time is not required by law, but most firms offer vacation time to stay competitive and keep employees refreshed. 
• Insurance: Health insurance is a common staple benefit, although skyrocketing prices have forced many firms to cut back on this benefit. If you can’t afford a health plan, look into subsidizing one with employees paying the rest. Alternatively, inquire if a professional insurance representative can help you get a bulk rate.
• Additional benefits: Other things to consider include life insurance, a 401(k) and matching funds, bereavement leave, religious and floating holidays, and a bonus structure, if applicable.

In addition to the key elements above, it helps to have a framework from which to build your HR business plan. Here’s a basic outline that can help you get started: 

• Figure out what your human resources department would need. 
• Determine a strategy for recruiting talent.
• Formulate your hiring process. 
• Develop a training program for new employees. 
• Determine how much you want to pay your team (this is a good spot for payscale info)
• Create performance standards

It may be overwhelming to contemplate these benefits and their costs in the early stages of setting up your business, but in a competitive labor market, your firm needs to offer enough to entice qualified people and, more importantly, to keep them happy.

Consider revisiting your management and HR business plans every couple of years to see if you need to create action steps to refine your processes.

What should be in an HR business plan?

An HR business plan should include a mix of the steps you plan to take to launch an effective HR department, as well as specifics about how you plan to handle time off, insurance, and other benefits you plan to offer.

How do I write a human resources plan?

It helps to start with a simple framework. Try to break the plan down into sections: HR needs, recruitment, hiring, training, pay, and performance reviews. From there, incorporate other aspects of HR, like benefits and promotions.

U.S. Chamber of Commerce. " Does Your Small Business Need an HR Department? "

 University of Minnesota. “ Human Resources Management: 2.2 Writing the HRM Plan .”

Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. “ FY 2020-2022 Strategic Business Plan: Human Resources .”

HR Business Plan Template: Everything You Need to Know

With an HR business plan template, you can help your company recruit new employees, retain existing employees, and guide the development of the workforce. 4 min read updated on February 01, 2023

With an HR business plan template, you can help your company recruit new employees, retain existing employees, and guide the development of the workforce so that you collectively meet your business objectives, regardless of any changes in the industry or economy.

When creating your HR business plan, you need to perform a needs analysis of your workplace to tailor the plan to your company's requirements. You'll also need to learn about the industry standards for your field to make sure you're competitive.

Without such a plan in place, your workers will feel unprepared and won't know how to work towards your company's overall goals.

Steps for Developing a Human Resources Department Business Plan

There are several steps to creating an HR business plan. They include:

• Clarify the requirements . While you might be tempted to create a detailed plan that encompasses the entire company's next 10 years, hold off. Always talk with your boss to see how much detail he or she would like in the plan. This will save you time and help streamline the process. However, there's no harm in creating your own personalized strategic plan for your specific department.
• Read through the HR job descriptions . The HR department typically has employees such as HR assistants, HR generalists, and an HR director . Read through the job descriptions for each worker in the department and see what kind of duties are missing. Brainstorm additional functions that each job role could provide to the company.
• Curate your list . Take the different functions you've brainstormed and compare them to what each member of the HR department is already doing. Are there functions you could add or subtract from each employee for more productivity? You don't have to go into detail here, but just think about how you could improve each role.
• Schedule a meeting with the executives . Before you make any changes, you'll obviously need to get input and approval from the company's executives. They may have more feedback on how the HR department can provide additional services and support the company's overall goals and mission.
• Create a feedback form . Come up with a list of questions to ask leadership about HR's role in the company and provide it to them in advance of the meeting so they have time to think it over and talk with their staff. You may even want to provide a rating and ranking format for the questions, as this will make their responses easy to understand and implement. Overall, this is a key process to understanding what management and employees want and need from the HR department.
• Look at external resources . While the internal information you're collecting is the most important, it also doesn't hurt to take a look at data from professional organizations and websites, such as the Society for Human Resource Management , The Balance , or HR Magazine . You can also ask colleagues from other local organizations for tips on creating your business plan.
• Use this information to make a plan . With your ideas, feedback from executives, and tips from external resources, you should have a clear idea of what your plan should look like. The things that are missing from the HR department should now be clear, and this should guide you on what to focus on to improve HR's contribution to the company.
• Identify goals for this year and next . While your plan can have long-term goals, keep the majority of them a little bit shorter in scope to see how things work out. This gives you the chance to reorganize and restructure if things aren't going right. Consider creating a list of accomplishments you can reach for the end of this year and into the next.

A Real Life Example

If you're seeking more guidance on how to create a successful HR business plan, look to Starbucks as an example.

As the world's largest coffee chain, Starbucks had $21.3 billion in sales in 2016.

Despite these massive numbers, Starbucks maintains the same approach to their human resources department. All of the HR planning is guided by the company's organizational strategy and brand.

Their strategy is to use specific interview techniques when hiring new employees. This lets them identify potential leaders and place them in a "New Partner Orientation and Immersion" training program. With this system, Starbucks has achieved the lowest employee turnover rate in the quick-service restaurant industry.

Starbucks also offers numerous employee perks and dedicates a lot of time to employee training through an online portal that teaches employees essential job skills.

If you need help with your HR business plan template, you can post your legal need on UpCounsel's marketplace. UpCounsel accepts only the top 5 percent of lawyers to its site. Lawyers on UpCounsel come from law schools such as Harvard Law and Yale Law and average 14 years of legal experience, including work with or on behalf of companies like Google, Menlo Ventures, and Airbnb.

Hire the top business lawyers and save up to 60% on legal fees

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Blog Human Resources 6 Steps to Create a Strategic HR Plan [With Templates]

6 Steps to Create a Strategic HR Plan [With Templates]

Written by: Jessie Strongitharm Aug 25, 2022

The backbone of any successful business is the people and processes behind it — that’s why creating a human resources (HR) plan is key. This strategic document drives your business forward by evaluating where your workforce is at, and comparing it to future needs. 

Without an HR plan, organizations can suffer from issues that would have otherwise been avoided. From productivity pitfalls to costly employee turnover, there’s no shortage of risks you can sidestep if you do human resource planning in advance. 

Not sure where to start? No worries. I’ve outlined six steps you can take to create an effective HR plan that ensures your organization is well-staffed and well-served. You’ll also find a variety of  HR templates  that you can customize in just a few clicks — no design expertise required. 

Click to jump ahead:

What is human resource planning?

• Assess employees’ current skill levels
• Forecast your labor needs based on available information
• Revisit your organizational design
• Outline how you will manage, motivate and retain talent 
• Align your workforce planning with your budget 
• Establish KPIs for your human resource planning objectives

Human resource planning is the process of considering the current and future “people needs” of an organization.

This involves evaluating an organization’s workforce structure and protocols to ensure operational goals are met, productivity stays high and future demands for labor and talent can be fulfilled. 

The result of this process is the creation of an HR plan, which typically takes the form of a written document sometimes autogenerated using HR software . These documents tend to follow a similar structure to most  strategic business plans  and are created on an annual basis, by HR managers or company leaders.

Check out the template below for an example. 

This eye-catching, one-page  HR Strategic Plan Template  offers a concise summary of your human resource planning efforts, so you can easily share info with colleagues. 

Just swap out the text and visual assets for those of your choosing in  Venngage’s editor , and you’re off to the races. 

6 steps to create a strategic HR plan

Ready to create a strategic plan for the human resources that power your business? Here are six steps to help you succeed at the human resource planning process.

1. Assess current employees’ skill levels

The first step to creating a future-forward HR plan is to assess employees’ current skill sets, and compare them to your operational needs moving forward. This will help you identify gaps and inform any hiring of new employees.

Employees’ skill levels can be assessed by reviewing their work history, hard and soft skills and professional growth over time. 

Using a matrix is a great way to understand where the skill gaps in your current workforce exist. Below is an example that describes the skills needed for different marketing roles. 

Don’t need it for marketing specifically? No worries — you can fully customize this template by swapping in your own text to examine any human resource gaps. 

Another way to assess skills is by giving employees a questionnaire they can fill out. This  Employee Competency Assessment Template  does just that.

Based on the information collected, you’ll get a sense of what positions best suit each individual, and whether any upskilling or hiring is required. 

2. Forecast your labor needs based on available information

Next in your strategic strategic HR management plan, you’ll want to consider the future. This involves accounting for any upcoming changes to your workforce, so operations can continue without error.

When forecasting labor needs, the following should be considered: 

• Planned promotions
• Upcoming retirements 
• Layoffs 
• Personnel transfers 
• Extended leaves of absence (i.e. maternity/paternity leave) 

Beyond those, it’s a good idea to assess the impact of external conditions on your labor needs during your human resource planning. For example, new technological developments may decrease the amount of employees you require to operate your business. 

3. Revisit your organizational design

Organizational design is the process of structuring the way a business operates so it can best achieve its goals. This is hugely important when it comes to your human resource planning process! 

With a clear understanding of your organization’s strategic objectives in mind, reviewing your organizational design allows you to understand the staffing requirements you’ll need to succeed at them. This means taking into account your  organizational structure  and chains of command, as well as how work gets done and the way information flows.

 From there, you’ll be able to see which departments need more team members so it can accomplish the organization’s objectives. 

An easy way to get started is by using an organizational flow chart. 

With its color coding and layout, even a new manager can quickly look at this chart to identify the people responsible for leading teams and making decisions. 

And if there are any changes, it’s easy to to reflect them in the chart itself. All you need to do is customize the text and visual assets in  Venngage’s Chart Maker  as desired. 

Not quite your style? There’s plenty of other  organizational chart templates  to choose from. 

Here’s an organizational chart that’s perfect for small businesses that have limited employees. One quick look, and you’re good to go. 

The bottom line is, no matter how big or small your business may be, you should always revisit your organizational design to optimize your workforce management and business operations. 

Related:  Types of Organizational Structure [+ Visualization Tips]

4. Outline how you will manage, motivate and retain talent 

In this day and age, it’s a known fact that companies must provide more than just a paycheque to attract and retain talent, and encourage growth. 

It’s true —  studies have shown  employees are more engaged in their work when they feel it is meaningful, fulfilling and slightly challenging. So your human resource plan should consider how to inspire such feelings, and what actions you can take to motivate employees to stay. (Hint: a strong HR training and development program is key.)  

The  talent management infographic template  below is a great way to begin. 

Using this  process chart , you can detail the steps you’ll take to retain the talent you have. Reference it as needed in your human resource planning.

 Another great way to keep staff motivated and geared towards their professional growth is by coming up with  ideas for employee development . Facilitating a company culture that champions continuous learning guarantees your team will feel supported and challenged in all the right ways.

The two employee development plan templates below will help you do just that. 

Though both templates are geared towards healthcare organizations, it’s easy to customize their content in Venngage to promote the continuous learning and development of employees in any industry.

 As a result, your employees will be able to reach their full potential, while simultaneously supporting the long-term goals of your organization. 

Related:  6 Employee Development Ideas for Efficient Training

5. Align your workforce planning with your budget 

 Let’s face it, human resources ain’t cheap.

 Meaning, if you struggle at organizing and monitoring your HR budget, you’re bound to overspend on your initiatives —and no financially savvy business wants that. 

That’s why I recommend including financial information in your HR planning process, so you can reference your budget and expenses as needed. This includes not only hiring and training costs but also the complexities of managing a global payroll for diverse teams.

Ensuring this allows you to stay within range as you work towards achieving your strategic goals for human capital . Plus, you don’t need to use one that contains walls of text and wack-loads numbers. Check out the clean and cheery option below — it’s as easy to fill out as it is to understand. 

And if you’re looking to compare a forecasted budget to previous annual spending when strategizing your HR budget, the  Budget Comparison Infographic Template  below will help. 

The bar graph is a great  data visualization  of annual expenses, organized by category. Just add (or import) any values to Venngage’s editor, swap out the text, and you’re ready to compare with ease. 

Related:  10+ Expense Report Templates You Can Edit Easily

6. Establish KPIs for your human resource planning objectives

Measurable results are important when it comes to your HR planning processes, because they indicate whether your strategy is working or not. 

Keeping those metrics in mind, your company can make adjustments and improve upon any future plans — AKA strategize for future success in business. That’s why your human resource plan should include info re: the specific key performance indicators (KPI) you’ll be measuring. 

KPIs are established to help determine if HR strategies and plans are working. Much like those used for evaluating the performance of  marketing  or  sales plan , KPIs for human resources are measurable results that indicate an organization’s success at achieving predetermined goals.

These may take the form of headcounts, turnover rates, demographic information, time to hire and employee satisfaction scores. 

Here’s one employee satisfaction survey you can use to understand your workforce better. 

When you’re ready to organize those HR KPIs in a document, the  recruiting template  below is perfect for keeping tabs at a glance. 

Related:  10+ Customizable HR Report Templates & Examples

How do I make an HR plan? 

After you’ve collected the data you need, you’ll want to convey this info in an engaging, professional manner for easy referencing and sharing amongst colleagues. Given this, using Venngage is the best route to go. 

Here are the simple steps to help you bring an actionable HR plan to life: 

• Outline the information you would like to include in your strategic hr plan
• Pick the human resource planning templates that best suits your needs 
• Customize the templates’ text and visual assets so they speak to your organization 
• Apply your company’s brand guidelines with a few clicks using Venngage’s automated branding feature,  My Brand Kit
• Download and share as desired

Note: sharing is available free-of-charge. However, the option to download your creations and access features like  My Brand Kit and Team Collaboration  are available with a  Business plan . 

FAQ about HR plans

How long should an hr plan be .

There are no hard and fast rules when it comes to the length of an HR plan. That being said, if you’re going to share it with colleagues, you probably don’t want to create a 20+ page document. One to five pages should suffice. 

Try to be as concise as possible when relaying the facts, and use  data visualizations  wherever possible to save room.

Do I need an HR contingency plan?

In the same way creating an HR plan is a proactive move that helps your organization account for future needs, it’s a good idea to devise an HR contingency plan. This ensures there’s a back-up plan in place should your initiatives not go as expected. 

For example, if you’ve identified that you need five new hires to keep up with consumer demand, but the talent pool is lacking, a contingency plan could house suggestions for restructuring your workforce to mitigate this. 

In other words, it’s best-practice to hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 

Is an HR plan different from an employee development plan?

Yes. While an HR plan is a strategic document describing how an organization addresses its personnel-related needs at a high-level, an  employee development plan  outlines the processes needed to help an individual achieve their professional goals.

 Even though the human resource planning process may involve outlining some employee development tactics, it is not unique to each employee as in the case of an employee development plan.

Make your HR planning processes effortless 

You don’t need a crystal ball to feel confident about your people moving forward. With a solid HR plan and strategy in place, you’ll prime your workforce — and all business endeavors — to succeed in even the most competitive of markets. 

Just remember this: human resources planning, and creating strategic business plans in general, doesn’t have to be exhausting. 

With Venngage’s huge selection of  professionally-designed templates  and easy-to-use editor, all it takes is a few minutes to produce a polished document perfect for all your needs.  Sign up for free today ! 

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Use Human Resources Planning to Forecast for (Less) Risky Business

By Becky Simon | October 18, 2017 (updated July 21, 2021)

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No organization can afford the risk of a critical skills shortage. Human resource planning (HRP) helps to ensure that you have the right people on your team - those with the skills to compete, innovate, or grow your company.

How do you anticipate workforce needs in a business environment where the rate of change is increasing while the number of people with the right skills is shrinking? The answer is human resource planning. In this article, five experts share their perspectives on what’s needed to operate comfortably in rapidly changing times. While human resources (HR) forecasting isn’t an exact science, you’ll find ideas and processes, examples, and templates that you can use to forecast more confidently, manage operations, and take control to increase current and future profitability.

What Is the Meaning of Human Resource Planning?

Human resource planning, also known as workforce planning , helps organizations recruit, retain, and optimize the deployment of people needed to meet strategic business objectives and to respond to changes in the external environment. In order to proactively avoid talent shortages or surpluses and achieve a balance of talent based on need, effective human resource planning is an ongoing, systematic process.

Darrin Murriner is the author of Corporate Bravery , a field guide to eliminating fear-based decisions, and the Co-founder of Cloverleaf.me , a technology platform that helps business leaders and managers build thriving teams.

He says, “Human resource planning and organizational strategy connect at the hip. You can't deliver business strategy without making sure you have the right human capital you need in the right places for the task at hand.”

Smart companies get the human capital part right by implementing a tactical human resource plan that connects directly to organizational and human resource strategies.

Starbucks: Serving Up Human Resources Planning Derived from Mission and Strategy

Starbucks, the world’s largest coffee chain, recorded $21.3 billion in sales for 2016, ranking it at 131 on the 2017 Fortune 500. The company projects that it will reach $35 billion in sales by 2021 by opening 12,000 stores over the next five years , the majority of them in China. How do you plan human resources with such a massive growth goal? For Starbucks, their approach remains the same no matter where stores are located. Their human resource planning flows from its organizational strategy and its brand. People are Starbucks’ primary resource, as their mission clearly states: "Our mission: to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time." 

An important aspect of Starbucks’ human resource planning is its selection process, which uses specific interview techniques to determine if potential employees are ‘on brand’ and evaluate their skill sets. The company identifies capable company leaders and hires them using a program called "New Partner Orientation and Immersion." This human resources planning approach has led to the lowest employee turnover rate among quick-service restaurants. While most quick-serve restaurants range between 150 to 400 percent turnover, Starbucks’ rate is 65 percent . The company is always on the lookout for new employee perks and focuses energy on employee training, which includes an elaborate online portal that offers an instruction program imparting the necessary job knowledge.

The Difference Between Strategic Human Resources Planning and Human Resources Planning

“The war for talent around the world continues to grow.” says Matthew Burr, Moderator of the Upstate HR Podcast and Principal at Burr Consulting, LLC , a human resource consulting firm focused on small and medium organizations. To win the human capital competition, companies should use a strategic human resource plan as a roadmap to achieve three- to five-year goals. Strategic plans influence the development of tactical resource planning (Starbucks being a prime example). For example, a human resources strategic plan may include long-term aims to recruit and retain an excellent staff with a high-level of technical expertise. The tactical plan would include detailed action plans with completion due dates. For the strategic recruitment goals, the tactical program might consist of short-term goals, such as benchmarking salaries via survey data, or creating a social media campaign to identify and recruit technical professionals. The plan may also target filling IT positions through international recruiting.   

Both strategic and tactical human resource plans support the overall organizational strategy. To learn more about strategic human resources management, read Welcome to the HR Revolution: Strategic Human Resources Management .

Why Is It Important to Plan Human Resources?

Our world is increasingly one of swift technological change, constant product innovation, economic globalization, and generational and cultural shifts. Correspondingly, the life cycles of business designs and products are shortening. Companies must adapt. More than physical or financial capital, human capital efficiently adapts to this new reality. Simultaneously, human capital is at most significant risk of depreciation or obsolescence within a business — and that’s a risk that organizations can’t afford if they’re going to survive and thrive. In fact, only 12% of firms that were on the Fortune 500 list in 1955 remain on the list in 2016.

​“Talented people will always have options; Knowing succession plans, training, leadership development will be a tremendous asset to a growing firm,” adds Burr. “HR planning is critical to organizational strategy: We need subject matter experts and leaders to drive the strategy forward in evolving industries. HR planning plays a significant part in supporting strategy, as human resources are the biggest investment for any organization. Evolving laws and regulations also impact strategy internationally.  Staffing levels, recruitment and retention programs support scalability of any firm or organization.” 

Handrick says it’s all about planning for future growth. “Small businesses that are planning to open a physical or second location also need to think through their HR strategy. Most small businesses begin as sole proprietorships. They need to know when it makes sense to bring on staff, where that staff will work, their compensation, and how to offer benefits, perhaps by partnering with a professional employer organization (PEO).” 

• Improving Company Operations: Human capital management and resource planning is a driver for improved company operations and value creation. In July 2017, a group of institutional investors petitioned the Securities and Exchange Commission to disclose policies, practices, and performance of public companies’ human resources management . The petition signifies a move to use workforce analytics to measure the value of an organization’s most valuable asset in a knowledge-based economy .

“You need to work systemically,” says Adler. “Part of the operating plan has to be a workforce plan. HR has to make sure they have a place at the strategy and decision-making table. In my experience, I’ve seen that HR usually doesn’t get involved until it’s late. In this environment, you need to be moving at the speed of light and not the speed of sound.”

• The Talent Shortage and Demographic Change: In its 2016/2017 Talent Shortage Survey , the ManpowerGroup reported the highest worldwide talent shortage since 2007. Forty percent of employers are having difficulty filling positions, up from 38 percent in 2015. The Harvard Business Review article, Employers Aren’t Just Whining - the “Skills Gap” Is Real , states that “New technologies frequently require specific new skills that schools don’t teach and that labor markets don’t supply.”  At the same time, there’s a demographic change. In most developed economies, the ‘silver tsunami’ - the group of aging individuals that results from ebbing birth rates and graying baby boomers - is surging. The percentage of the U.S. workforce between the ages of 55 and 64 is growing faster than any other age group.
• Technological Change and The New Generation: Millennials now make up more than 50 percent of the current workforce — and will be 75 percent of the global workforce by 2020 . Human resources need to ride this rising tide and learn to welcome technological advancements to meet talent’s expectations and business requirements. Talent and workplace analytics will become customary, and organizations using the data will be far more competitive.
• Organizational Change: With technology driving change everywhere, organizations need to be nimble and often make significant changes in the way they do business. They also need to make changes with care. Research shows that change initiatives are more likely to fail because of poor communication, employee resistance, and failure to adequately prepare. Human resources are an integral part of change management , which is a systematic approach that applies tools, knowledge, and resources to deal with business transformation. The primary goal of change management is to successfully implement new processes, products, and business strategies while minimizing adverse outcomes. Effective change management includes and also goes beyond project management and involves leading the "people side" of the change equation. 
• Government/Legislative Changes: Each state has regulations that affect everything from employee criminal records checks, labor relations, records retention, and mileage reimbursements. Additional federal laws impact human resource management, too. Consequently, human resource professionals need to be conversant in dynamic employment law to minimize company liability. Not being on top of legislation can pose a significant risk to companies and expose them to expensive lawsuits or damage their brand, which can also be off-putting for potential hires.

Seven Steps to Human Resource Planning

There are seven different steps in the human resource planning process, but the pivot point is forecasting demand. That means that today’s human resources professionals need to have a well-rounded picture of their own company and a grasp of multiple factors to put together a plan. “Understanding the three- to five-year business strategy provides what HR must have to forecast workforce needs within the firm,” says Burr. “But there’s also a need to understand the global economy and potential growth options, laws, and regulations to add value to any HR strategy and forecast.”  

The seven steps to creating a human resource plan provide a roadmap for companies, but one size does not fit all. The amount of detail and which factors to include are different for every organization. Startup sole proprietorships working in a single geographic area will need to create an entirely different plan than a multinational enterprise. 

Step One: Analyze Organizational Objectives

Aligning HR practices to strategic objectives is fundamental to an effective human resources plan. In a perfect world, human resources management works hand in hand with other top managers so there is a clear understanding of ultimate goals, and then they focus on the human capital needed to meet them. It’s vital that the human resources plan encompasses every part of the company from product development to sales and expansion plans. 

HR Strategic Plan Template

If your company hasn’t written a strategic human resource plan, this template will help you get started. Modify the template to suit your specific needs or to focus on target areas such as benefits or retirement. Stakeholders will appreciate the basic design when they want to review important aspects of your plan.

‌ ‌Download HR Strategic Plan Template

Need more strategic planning templates to clarify goals for your organization? You can find more free strategic planning templates here . 

Step Two: Inventory Current Human Resources

If you have one, use the updated human resource information storage (HRIS) sys­tem to analyze the number of people you currently employ, along with their skills, perfor­mance, and potential. Once you determine which jobs need to be filled based on your forecast, you can then decide whether you have enough internal candidates to fill the job requirements or if you need to go to external sources or strategies to add staff. 

Employee Evaluation Template

If you don’t have an HRIS system, you can use this performance evaluation template for performance reviews and as a first step in referencing your current human resource inventory.  Adapt this easy-to-use form to gain a better understanding of the duties for each position by identifying gaps in performance and staffing when you review information in the aggregate. This template documents performance against set goals, employee evaluation, and professional development plans for the upcoming year.

Download Employee Evaluation Excel Template

Excel | Smartsheet

Step Three: Forecast Demand

Forecasting human resource demand involves estimating the number of future employees of the right quality and quantity, with a view to the company’s strategic plan over a given period of time. Forecasting demand is the most crucial part of human resource planning and the most daunting. It’s challenging for many reasons, and even more so because there are no absolute answers on how to accomplish it. 

There are two categories of forecasting methods: quantitative and qualitative. You can use both methods to track the work performance of the workforce as a whole, individuals, or business units. Qualitative reports contain anecdotal observations, while quantitative data is statistical or more data-driven. Select the methods that make the most sense in your environment. For example, in a non-manufacturing company, the work-study method which calculates the necessary working hours to produce units may not make sense. By gathering both quantitative and qualitative information, you can identify issues that are impacting your business's productivity, and then develop a well-rounded forecast to increase the company's efficiency, ensure you’re not over or understaffed, and understand future needs.

SWOT Matrix Template

The classic SWOT layout provides a clear view of your compiled findings as they relate to your human resources plan. The template also includes a column for rating the importance of each item by category so you can have a clear understanding of how the analysis elements compare and which will need the most attention. You can add Excel worksheets to hold supporting data and clarify the basis of your findings. 

Download Basic SWOT Matrix Template

If you’re looking for different formats in Excel, PowerPoint, or Word, you can find free SWOT templates here . 

Step Four: Estimate Gaps

With your forecast completed, you’ll have an understanding of future needs and if you will need to fill them with external workers hired full-time, part-time, or as contractors. If you have the right number of employees that don’t have the right skills, you can use training and development to upgrade employee skills to fill the gaps, or you may need to deploy workers in another role.

Employee Training Plan Template

Training is relevant for both employee success and team member retention. Though training takes time and effort, it's essential to have a plan in place to ensure a productive ramp-up period for new employees or existing employees who are learning the tasks and responsibilities of a new role. With this adaptable employee training schedule template, you can create training activities lists, add details about which team members need help to complete each task, track status, and provide a way for the manager and employee to enter feedback.  

Download Employee Training Template

Transition Plan Template

Moving team members to fill different roles can be the ideal solution to filling workforce gaps. When making these changes, ensure that you maintain the information and knowledge the employee had in the initial role. An employee transition plan keeps the information accessible and easy to share. You can also use this transition plan template to assist the person previously in the role train any new team members. Input every aspect of the role that will be useful in the present and future.

Download Transition Plan Excel Template

Step Five: Formulate the Human Resource Action Plan

The human resource plan relies on identifying deficits or surplus in the company. You’ll need to determine if you need to begin recruiting or training, transition, or develop voluntary retirement processes and redeployment in case of a surplus. Include priorities and critical planning issues in your plan.

Action Plan Template

This action plan template provides sections for goals, but you can add more sections to customize it to complete your human resources plan. Goals are translated into actionable steps that you can track to check progress. Assign start and end dates for each action, and take notes about each part of the plan. 

Download Action Plan Template

Word  | Smartsheet

Step Six: Integrating/Implementing the Plan

This is the most challenging aspect of any human resources plan. The organization often invests time and money on plans that are shelved and not utilized. Company executives need to grant buy-in, embrace the plan, and bring the organization on board. Overcome any potential employee resistance to the process by rolling in one aspect of the plan at a time to help employees acclimate to changes.    Staffing or Recruiting Plan Recruitment is one of the top responsibilities of any human resources team. Searching for, vetting, and finding the right talent to join your team are all crucial steps to ensure the success of your organization. Having a staffing plan in place makes your team aware of the available recruitment sources, hiring goals, and budget. Use this staffing plan to organize all staffing details with columns for budgets, hiring goals, status, and comments. 

‌ ‌Download Staffing Plan Excel Template

Candidate Screening Tracker

If you don’t have an automated system, you can track and manage applicants’ cover letters,  resumes, applications, and details about job openings. Tracking this information can be a lot of work depending on the size of the company and current hiring plan. Use this candidate tracker template to organize candidate documentation and details, and ensure that you provide a positive experience for candidates and people involved in the interview process. Track candidate contact information, phone interview questions and answers, status, comments, next steps, and more using this template.

Download Candidate Tracker Excel Template

Onboarding Plan Template

Onboarding ensures proper training and enculturation for new team members, and is also a powerful retention tool for any organization. Develop your own onboarding plan by using this template to plan activities at each stage of the process. Since a full year of onboarding is a best human resources practice, this spreadsheet shows tasks assigned to individual contacts over a twelve-month period. Add or remove columns to create a comprehensive onboarding plan.

Download Onboarding Plan Template

For more best practice information and free templates to support your human resources planning, read Top Excel Templates for Human Resources . 

Step Seven: Monitoring, Control, and Feedback

Strictly monitoring progress helps identify sticking points in your plan and helps you avoid making changes too quickly. It’s essential to compare actions to how the plan is being implemented to ensure fidelity. The human resource plan is an evergreen document that takes changing circumstances into account. Ongoing measurement, reporting, and continuous improvement efforts will keep the company moving towards its stated strategic goals. 

Project Management Dashboard Template

Monitoring all the changes you need to while executing a complicated human resources plan can be time consuming. With this customizable project management dashboard, you can compile every aspect of the process, share status information with management and other team members, and view the big picture at a glance.

‌ Download Excel Project Management Dashboard

Forecasting Is an Ongoing Process

“HRP plans should be reviewed annually, just after the business completes its strategic planning and forecasting for the year,” says Handrick. “For example, if the business plans to open an additional manufacturing location, or offer additional services requiring tech skills not currently in place, then HR will come along and provide estimates as to how many FTEs, what roles, and what kind of skills will be needed. HRP helps with the budgeting for the next fiscal year, and once approved can get to work filling those roles. In a fast-moving environment, HRP may need to be updated with every major change. For example, let's say your organization is project based and you just won a huge contract. Right away your HRP team will need to work with project managers to estimate staffing needs, whether temp or permanent, contract or hire.”

Human Resource Planning Round-Up: Best Practices and Expert Insights

Our experts share their thoughts on some additional issues to keep in mind as you develop your own plan:

• The Importance of Policy Planning: Company policy supports your human resources plan. Policies such as employment classification, benefits, compensation, performance, and improvement are designed to target not only the selection, training, and support of team members, but also to provide guidelines for conduct in and out of the work environment and many other aspects of employment.
• Social Media as Friend and Foe: Social media sites like LinkedIn and Twitter can be powerful recruiting platforms and a friendly, fun way to communicate with team members. However, they can also potentially be an issue when disgruntled employees or competitors get into negative commentary. It’s important to be alert to your company’s social media profile and to take corrective action when the buzz may not be favorable to your goals. 

Sharon Margules, MA, CPC, ACC and CEO of Margules Leadership Consulting says, “The ability of a business to achieve its strategy is largely based on the talent it has to execute. While market and competitive forces can significantly impact the capacity of an organization’s pursuit of its strategy, the explicit capabilities of those doing the work will determine if the result is a success or failure.”

• The “New” Human Resources Professional: “Ultimately, a good HR person is a good business person,” says Adler. “The best HR professionals are system and integration project managers who understand deadlines and highly complex projects. A great candidate has business experience in something other than HR. In my consulting work, I’ve told CEOs that they should look for HR managers with a business background. I think it’s an important consideration, particularly for large firms.”
• More About Markov Predictive Analysis Modeling: One of the most difficult analyses to execute and potentially one of the most valuable tools in forecasting is the Markov model. It’s not a quick fix, but for most mid-to-large companies, it’s worth the time investment to learn how to execute it. For a detailed explanation, read A Markov Model for Human Resources Supply Forecast Dividing the HR System into Subgroups . 
• Leadership and Succession Planning: “HR plays a critical role in enabling leadership, in mature or scaling organizations, to anticipate and understand the talent capabilities that will be necessary to meet their strategic objectives,” says Margules. She lists four items: 
• HR should have a seat at the table when the strategy is being conceived to align on what capabilities are needed, and by when, to realize the strategy.
• HR needs to influence progressive and aggressive budgeting for resource acquisition, training, coaching, and development every year.
• HR must institutionalize effective succession and talent planning practices at all levels, and build an adaptive organization that can flex its structure to optimize performance.
• HR must use far-reaching ideas to retain its key talent and sustain a highly-engaged workforce in a diverse and driven culture. 
• Plan Implementation: “HR plans should align with business strategy and annual plans and should be adaptive to a volatile and uncertain business climate,” says Margules. “While many organizations take a reactive, in-service approach to HR planning and determine their priorities and plans largely in support of annual plans, the most effective organizations are proactive: They anticipate needs and build plans that achieve short term and long term objectives. They adopt progressive practices such as allocating a portion of the staffing budget and resources to recruit and hire key talent for future-focused work. And, they have enough foresight to invest in high potential programs at multiple levels, entry-level accelerated development programs and coaching to build pools of qualified talent for future growth plans.”
• Buy HR Planning Tools or Do It Yourself? “The problem with traditional human resource planning is that it often hasn't supported the scalability of a growing business,” says Burr. “This is precisely why we have to consider new models for talent management, organizational design, and learning and development to ensure that our human resource planning processes can be flexible to meet the scaling needs of the business. This is part of the reason why you have seen an explosion of people analytics tools in the HR marketplace. It is to fill the demand for flexible and scalable models that provide the needed tools for business leaders to plan their people needs as the business grows.”  Adler concurs and says: “I think a spreadsheet can often do a better job. Workforce planning has been around a long time. I think the main point is to be proactive and less reactive in the planning process.”

Five Challenges to Human Resources Planning and Implementation

“People are naturally change- and-risk-averse. Planning and proper support by HR and the people they hire need to happen 100 percent of the time,” says Adler. More often than not, there are some challenges involved in human resources planning and implementation. Here are the five main hurdles:

• Forecasting Is an Imperfect Art: Human resource planning relies on forecasting and supply, which can never be a 100 percent accurate process. 
• Resistant Workforce: Employees may feel that their workload will increase, so they resist the process, or they may be uncomfortable altering familiar patterns in their work life and tasks.
• Ambiguity and Rapid Change: Uncertainties such as labor absenteeism, employee turnover, seasonal employment, technological changes and market fluctuations all affect planning.
• Inefficient Information Systems: Human resource information systems need to be reliable, comprehensive, and up to date. It makes it difficult to plan without good data about current employees.
• Cost and Time Factors: With all of the work hours involved in completing and repeating the seven steps, human resource planning is a time consuming and expensive process, so companies sometimes avoid it altogether, despite the benefits. 

A Look to the Future of Human Resources Planning

Here are some of the themes experts think will influence human resources professionals, their companies, and the people they hire in the near future:

• Going Global: Globalization, the export of U.S. jobs and the import of non-U.S. employees are already underway, as is offshoring (basing services or processes in different countries). “Globally planning can be complex for any HR professional,” says Burr. “It can be a stressful situation for offshoring and outsourcing of jobs within a firm. HR planning should involve a detailed assessment of the new location globally, the workforce demographics, industry competitors, laws and regulations and the potential impact on U.S. jobs. How do we communicate? How do we train? This will all vary by organization, but a strategic HR plan that communicates the information can lessen the impact. With a sound and detailed HR plan, recruiting, retaining and growing talent within the organization will be much easier.”   “Expect more offshore jobs, outsourcing and contract hiring because frankly they’re cheaper, and in many disciplines like finance, IT, marketing, can do the same work for less,” says Handrick. “Other than providing training for supervisors to manage off-site work teams, there's really no difference for HRP except where the line item goes on the plan. For instance, if you know you'll need 12 FTEs next year, and can get four of them offshore, that line item goes to 'expenses' rather than to 'salary' for the remaining eight.”
• More Technology: Social media will likely be in higher use to reach potential workers, particularly millennials who use Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook in their job hunts. Telecommuting and the use of social collaboration tools and video conferencing apps will keep people working and in touch with company culture. Emerging platforms will further streamline basic human resources functions to make onboarding and professional development more cost-effective and accessible from anywhere in the world for a virtual workforce.
• Big Data: Metrics and in-depth analysis of processes and people will become increasingly important in human resources as they are in other functional areas. Data- driven decision making is the future, as are metrics to show ROI in people and technology.  
• Security Issues: All this new technology brings up security concerns for employers and employee. Data breaches are a fact of life, and the threat to personal data security, company security, and supply chain risks will likely continue. 
• Health Care Costs: Costs are likely to continue increasing, since they have been rising steadily in the last several decades. New legislation will perhaps slow the costs of health care. In the meantime, strategies to lower employee healthcare costs will likely take the form of initiatives to improve employee health, and taking advantage of health reimbursement accounts (HRAs) that are consumer-driven or health savings accounts (HSAs).

Improve Human Resources Planning with Smartsheet

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HR Business Plan: What Is It And What Are Its Steps?

Every company that has an HR department needs an HR business plan. Without it, you will have inconsistencies when you deal with your employees.

Human resources manage the relationship between your company and its employees. Due to this, it is only natural for human resources to have their own plan of approach to their tasks.

Key Takeaways:

An HR business plan is the strategic approach of the human resources department.

The HR business plan should clarify responsibilities, organize its processes, and create performance standards in which to gauge its success.

First assess the current HR situation, then establish goals and strategies to enact those goals for the HR department.

Make sure your HR strategies comply with legal requirements.

What Is A HR Business Plan?

An HR business plan is a strategic approach your human resource department will follow to accomplish its goals.

Like all business plans, an HR business plan needs to define its objectives, organize systems of measured success, and incorporate a flexible framework. A robust plan can adapt to new scenarios and still focus on its long-term aims.

Though this will vary by company, in general, every HR business plan will want to:

Clarify roles and responsibilities. Focus on the roles and responsibilities of the department and its members. You want to understand the job descriptions of each member of the human resource department. Then decide what the overall purpose of the department is and connect it back to each member. Be aware of any conflicting or contradictory agendas and seek to streamline.

Design and organize processes. Human resources helps hire, train, onboard, and terminate staff. There should be well-detailed plans for each process that keeps the human resources department prepared for any scenario.

Address compensation and benefits. Human resources manages the implementation of benefits and compensation. Therefore, the department’s plan must discuss how this will be handled.

Comply with legal requirements. The human resource department needs to be well-versed in the legal requirements and protections of the employees. The plan should provide a clear compliance with the law.

Create performance standards. A business plan is useless unless it can be evaluated against measures of success. It helps to provide metrics with results to be more objective in analysis.

Tie in to overall business plan. The HR business plan needs to complement the overarching business plan of the company. Avoid any policies or procedures that conflict with the overall business plan.

A human resource business plan will develop these points into a coherent strategy.

Steps To Develop A HR Business Plan

Assess current human resource situation. Before a plan is made, the human resources department and the company executives need to know what they have already. Your company should evaluate the roles and responsibilities of its human resource staff. You will want to see if anything is missing or if there is anything that is expendable.

Establish goals for human resource department. Now that you know what you’re working with, it is time now to think about what you want the human resource department to accomplish. Use the roles and responsibilities you just clarified to arrange practical benchmarks you want the department to make. Make sure goals do not interfere with one another but build toward an overall objective.

Create strategies to enact goals. Once you have your goals in place, it is time to build strategies to accomplish those goals. These strategies should work in tandem, so make sure each one has a logical progression. Like the goals, you do not want your strategies to interfere with one another but instead build towards an overall objective.

Evaluate business plan. Once you enact the plan, you need to make sure you accomplish your goals. Have a feedback system put in place where you can measure the success and failures of your plan. Come up with contingency plans in case your initial plans need to be re-evaluated.

Why Have A Human Resource Business Plan

An HR business plan is needed to establish long-term success with your employees.

Your plan gives focuses on the roles and responsibilities of the department. Human resources play a critical role in the hiring, training, and retention of staff. A business plan will clarify these procedures.

A HR business plan also provides consistency in the implementation of benefits and managing the welfare of the employees.

The human resource business plan empowers the department to perform at its best. In turn, it will help employees be equipped and compensated to perform at their best.

Without a HR business plan, your company is at risk conflicted and contradictory procedures that impede growth and success.

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Conor McMahon is a writer for Zippia, with previous experience in the nonprofit, customer service, and technical support industries. He has a degree in Music Industry from Northeastern University and in his free time he plays guitar with his friends. Conor enjoys creative writing between his work doing professional content creation and technical documentation.

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How to Succeed with Human Resource Planning: A Step-By-Step Guide (+11 Free Templates)

“ The term planning is imbecilic; everything can change tomorrow. “

That was a quote made by a French manager , straight after the 1973 oil crisis.

He’s right, of course. Everything can change tomorrow. We’re living in a world where we see changes every day. Ground-breaking technology, product innovations, and medical breakthroughs.

But does that mean “ planning is imbecilic ” though?

The truth is that planning can be ineffective and damaging if it’s done badly.

Good planning, on the other hand, can minimize the uncertainty brought on by change.

Don’t believe me?

Take the 1911 race to the South Pole, for example. The race was between two explorers: Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott. They each had a similar amount of experience and were the same age. Both faced 1,400 miles of gale-force winds, blizzards, and minus temperatures on their expeditions.

Amundsen meticulously planned his trip for several years. Scott didn’t.

Guess which expedition tragically failed?

Amundsen was already sailing back to Norway when Scott’s team finally gave up hope.

So, now we’ve established that planning is sensible, and not ‘ imbecilic ’, let’s find out why human resource planning is one of the most valuable processes a company can follow.

To do this, I’ll cover:

What is human resource planning?

Why is human resource planning important, the 7 steps of human resource planning, how human resource planning is done, human resource planning in hrm.

Let’s get on with helping you to plan for success!

Corporate leaders often say employees are their most valuable asset . In fact, employees are so valuable that over 23% of businesses fail because they don’t have the right team.

That’s why investing in Human Resource Planning (HRP) is one of the most important decisions a company can make. It’s also why 80% of companies do HRP on a regular basis.

In simple terms, HRP is a process that manages employees within an organization .

No organization can afford the risk of a critical skills shortage and without HRP, companies face expensive losses. This can be seen with 90% of the UK’s larger organizations , which have all restructured in the last five years – nearly always involving job losses.

“ Human resource planning is the most important component of the entire human resource system. ” –  Dr. Rajendra Mishra

We’ve established what human resource planning is, let’s talk about why it’s important.

The success of a business is directly linked to the performance of those who work for that business. It’s therefore critical to make sure that the business has the skills and competencies that it needs to succeed.

The quality of human resources in an organization is solely dependent on the success of human resource planning.

Look at Starbucks.

Starbucks has the lowest employee turnover rate among quick-service restaurants. Most quick-serve restaurants have between a 150 to 400% turnover rate. Starbucks’ rate is at 65% , and it’s all down to their human resources planning approach.

Not only will its low turnover rate positively affect the culture, motivation, and morale of its staff , but it will also massively help its profit margins.

On average, companies spend 33% of an employee’s annual salary to replace them when they leave.

We know that human resource planning is a continuous process of planning ahead to make optimum use of an organization’s most valuable asset: its employees .

We also know that the process helps companies maintain a steady supply of skilled employees to meet their strategic objectives.

So we know what human resource planning is and why it’s important, now let’s look at how to do it.

There are seven steps to a good human resource planning process:

• Understand business goals
• Assess the current workforce
• Forecast demand
• Estimate gaps
• Formulate a plan
• Implement the plan
• Monitor the plan

Let’s dive into the detail of each step.

Step 1: Understand business goals

The first step in HRP involves analyzing the organizational strategy, goals, and objectives.

It’s important to understand where the organization wants to go and how it wants to get there so that HR practices can be aligned with the company’s strategic objectives .

Step 2: Assess the current workforce

The next step is to take stock of the current employees in the organization to see if they fit the organizational needs.

The inventory of current employees should capture data concerning ages, locations, capabilities, and skills. This will determine what jobs are required and if you can use internal candidates or if you need to look elsewhere.

Step 3: Forecast demand

The third step in the process is to forecast future staffing needs based on the company goals.

This process will establish if the company needs to grow its workforce , or if it can improve its current staff through training.

Step 4: Estimate gaps

Once the future resource needs and the current capability of the workforce have been identified, step four requires you to highlight the gaps between the two .

These questions will help you find out where the gaps are:

• Do you foresee a skill shortage in a specific occupational group?
• Will changes in program delivery require the acquisition of new skills?
• Do you have succession plans for critical positions?
• Have you conducted a risk analysis of the elements of the scan critical to the success of your organization?

Step 5: Formulate a plan

Step 5 is all about formulating a plan to close the gaps you found in step 4.

The plan should identify the skill shortages and surpluses within the company. It should determine HR priorities and list actions to be taken around recruitment, training, internal role transitions, retirements, and lay-offs.

Step 6: Implement the plan

This step involves integrating the HR plan into the company . It will require support from different departments and teams.

Step 7: Monitor the plan

This step often gets missed, but is a fundamental part of the HR planning process.

Ongoing measurement, reporting, and continuous improvement will keep the company moving toward its strategic goals. If everything is running smoothly, continue with the plan . If there are roadblocks, change the plan to suit your company’s needs.

And there you have it. Seven steps to the efficient management of human resources in an organization.

What’s next?

Lucky for you, this isn’t where your human resource planning journey ends.

Process Street has created  eleven super-powered checklists to help you with your human resource planning:

• Training plan template

Employee evaluation form

Employee transition plan.

• Gap analysis template

HR strategic plan

• Employee satisfaction survey

Workforce planning template

Employee development plan template, hipaa compliance checklist for hr, vacation request form, business needs assessment checklist.

These templates will enable you to:

• Analyze your current workforce;
• Establish future workforce requirements;
• Formulate, implement, and monitor a formidable human resource plan.

Use the following Process Street templates to really smash your human resource planning!

Training plan

The training plan aims to improve workforce competency to increase productivity and reach organizational goals. Preparing an annual, company-wide training plan is a detailed and complex process .

Our training plan template will make it easy for you. It will identify who needs to be trained, when they should be trained, and what they need to be trained in. It also ensures alignment with your organizational goals.

Click here to access our training plan template!

Employee evaluations exist to make sure there is clear communication between employers and employees about performance levels. The process boosts morale and identifies areas of weakness.  These can inform your HR strategy, gap analysis, and training plans.

Use this employee evaluation form to:

• Capture performance metrics;
• Analyze your workforce;
• Make decisions about what future resources are needed.

Click here to access our employee evaluation form!

Performance review

We also have this performance review template which you can use as an alternative.

Click here to access this performance review template!

This process is for the HR team to ensure that a transitioning employee moves into their new role, smoothly and at a minimal cost to the business. It’s important the employee, their current line manager and their new line manager are all clear about the transition arrangements.

Our employee transition plan will provide guidance on handover and orientation tasks. It will also minimize disruption and uncertainty for employees affected by the change.

Click here to access our employee transition plan!

Gap analysis

Gap analysis involves you considering current skills in your workforce. As times change, skills will change to suit the modern business market. The below template gives you the foresight to keep your team and company up to date with current skill trends.

Use this gap analysis template to help your organization plan for growth. Use it to project the hiring needs for your future workforce. It can also help you to understand the skills and experience of your current workforce. You can also use it to develop strategies for overcoming the gap between the two.

Click here to access our gap analysis template!

An HR strategic plan is a tool to help businesses align their HR capabilities with their organizational goals . It establishes how human resources can make a direct impact on a company’s growth.

Our HR strategic plan will assess the needs of your organization. It can help to determine appropriate initiatives for the HR department to pursue and support the business in meeting its goals.

Click here to access our HR strategic plan!

Employee satisfaction

An employee satisfaction survey is intended to understand how employees are feeling about the company.

Our employee satisfaction survey will help you understand the current dynamics of the workplace. Once completed, it will identify areas within the business that need to be improved to keep your employees satisfied.

Click here to access our employee satisfaction survey!

Workforce planning ensures that a business has the right staff in place with the right skill sets.

Our workforce planning template will highlight areas within the workforce that need attention .

Click here to access our workforce planning template!

The employee development plan template will help your employees improve in their current job. It will also help them acquire knowledge and skills for new roles and responsibilities within the organization.

Click here to access our employee development plan template!

HIPAA is a series of regulatory standards that health care organizations must implement in their business to protect the privacy, security, and integrity of protected health information .

The compliance program that healthcare organizations need to follow is complicated and can take a long time to complete. Use our HIPAA compliance checklist for HR to make sure you don’t miss any vital steps.

Click here to access our HIPAA compliance checklist for HR!

You can also use this HIPAA compliance checklist , which is specifically for hospitals.

Run this checklist to determine how compliant your hospital is with HIPAA standards and regulations.

Click here to access our HIPAA compliance checklist!

Our vacation request form is designed to make sure that the company doesn’t suffer as a result of the employee’s holiday .

Using this checklist, a line manager can approve or reject a holiday request and HR can keep track of the number of holiday days an employee has taken.

Click here to access our vacation request form!

Or, try this other holiday leave application form .

Click here to access our holiday leave application form!

Use our business needs assessment checklist to:

• Determine priorities;
• Make improvements;
• Allocate resources.

Click here to access our business needs assessment checklist!

So you’ve done your HR planning, now you need to put your plans into action.

We have thousands of HR-related articles and functional checklists to help you implement your HR plans. From refining recruitment processes, and interview techniques, building a strong work culture, and improving employee engagement.

Take a look at this list of insightful gems:

• The Essential Processes Your HR Team Needs Today (+60 Free Templates)
• 12 HR Management Tips to Run an Effective Business (and Prevent Total Chaos)
• A Beginner’s Guide to Setting up HR Software in the Cloud
• How to Choose the Best HRIS (Human Resources Information System)
• Why HRMS is Becoming a Must-Have & How to Get Started

And there we have it. Your complete guide to planning for success with human resource planning!

We’d love to hear what you think about human resource planning in the comments. Who knows? You may even get featured in an upcoming article!

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Amanda Greenwood

Amanda is a content writer for Process Street. Her main mission in life is to write content that makes business processes fun, interesting, and easy to understand. Her background is in marketing and project management, so she has a wealth of experience to draw from, which adds a touch of reality and a whole heap of depth to the content she writes.

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People Management

Human resource planning (hrp): a guide for hr professionals.

March 21, 2024

In the business world of sameness, your employees are your true differentiator.

And that’s where HR teams come in—meticulously planning every step of the employee lifecycle to ensure your business’ success. Whether you’re a seasoned HR professional or a new member of an HR team, brush up on the must-haves for optimal human resource planning (HPR).

What Is Human Resource Planning?

Understanding human resource planning, steps to effective human resource planning, the role of hrp in boosting organizational performance, challenges of human resource planning, utilizing technology in human resource planning, future trends in human resource planning.

Companies need to ensure their human resource goals match their business goals. Businesses use human resource planning to evaluate their current workforce and predict its alignment with future needs.

In this process, you and the rest of your HR team identify skill requirements and formulate recruitment, training, management, and succession planning. Meticulously planning for future needs enables companies to optimize staffing levels while staying prepared for upcoming challenges and opportunities.

Human resource planning is often the unsung hero in a company’s strategic framework—the behind-the-scenes MVP deserves a closer look.

HR planning must align human resources with the broader organizational strategy and business goals to be effective. To do this, the HR planning process must be comprehensive, accurately assessing current employees and forecasting future needs so that any gaps can be filled at the appropriate time.

Different roles of human resource planning

Because a strategic human resource plan aligns with organizational goals, it encompasses everything from workforce planning to employee retention. To fully appreciate the benefits of HR planning, let’s zoom in and see the different hats it wears in a company.

The most obvious role human resource planning plays is in determining how many employees are necessary for the company to operate. To do this, HRP must also rely heavily on performance management, where past reviews are assessed to understand the current workforce’s strengths and weaknesses. Employee self-evaluations can be helpful in this regard.

Next, human resource planning plays a critical role in gap analysis. It lets companies know when and where they lack specific skills, not only for the present but also for future needs. Through this gap analysis, a business can more effectively plan for training current employees and hiring new employees.

“Hard” vs. “soft” human resource planning

There are two approaches to HRP: “Hard” and “soft.”

In “hard” human resource planning, a quantitative approach is taken. The focus is on workforce capabilities and resource planning. Supply forecasting and skills inventory data is used to predict future workforce requirements. 

The sole mission is getting that sweet alignment between human resources and the business’s needs.

“Soft” human resource planning flips the script, prioritizing the qualitative side of the process. It’s all about company culture, employee satisfaction, and fine-tuning those essential soft skills. 

Soft HRP aims to create a supportive work environment that fosters employee retention while aligning with organizational objectives. It’s accomplished through employee training programs, building skilled employees from within who can meet the organization’s strategy.

To understand the process more deeply, let’s break down the key steps of human resource planning and unlock its secrets.

Analyzing organizational objectives and plans

The HR planning process must align with the overall business strategy for human resource planning to be effective. The organization must carefully lay out its long-term goals so the human resource department has a roadmap.

HR professionals must work closely with department leads to understand the business objectives comprehensively. Only through this collaboration can the human resource plan strategically align with where the company wants to go.

Evaluating the current state of the workforce and uncovering gaps

The current workforce status must be assessed in the second step of the HR planning process. This involves a detailed analysis of their skills, capabilities, and performance, vividly showing the team’s strengths and areas for improvement.

HR teams use tools like performance management systems to build a comprehensive skills inventory. Try conducting employee self-evaluations to get a broader picture of where gaps may be.

The next steps hinge on how effectively the current employees align with the present and future needs of the business.

Forecasting future HR requirements

Once the HR manager knows the company’s future goals and the workforce’s current state, they can begin forecasting future HR requirements. They’ll use the data to predict the need for new employees.

This is a complex process—changes to the business environment, company culture, and market trends must all be considered to forecast future demand accurately. As markets shift, the pool of available quality employees changes, too. Supply forecasting helps HR human resource planners factor this in and initiate the hiring process at an optimal time.

Developing and implementing a plan

Now that we understand the the gaps between current staffing and future needs, let’s move on to developing and implementing a strategic HR plan. 

The HR team should create talent strategies for recruiting and retaining new hires while developing the skills of existing employees to keep pace with changing business needs. Creating detailed job descriptions, refining the hiring process, and planning for benefits administration are vital during this step.

Monitoring, reviewing, and reassessing the plan

The final step is more of an ongoing HRP process. The team must continually monitor and reassess the needs of the company. 

HR software and analytics tools help track the effectiveness of human resource planning over time. Continuously monitoring employee performance and the impact of training programs ensures that strategic human resource management stays aligned with the changing business environment.

A company’s performance depends heavily on how well-staffed it is. It isn’t just about the number of employees on the payroll but how well those employees meet the organization’s needs. The human resource planning process is the best way to ensure that alignment.

Strategic human resource planning effectively identifies the number of employees required, their needed skills, and the optimal hiring times to maximize the chances of securing qualified individuals when they’re needed.

HR professionals identify gaps in the ability of current employees as they go through the HRP process. These gaps degrade the overall performance of the business. A good human resource plan will weigh the ability to train the existing workforce to meet demand vs. the need to hire new employees.

Because HR managers must work closely with department heads for this alignment to occur, they’re always acutely aware of where performance issues are arising and can adapt the planning process to mitigate those problems.

Another area where HRP can boost a company’s performance is by facilitating organizational innovation. A business must have a skilled and dynamic employee pool to be innovative. With a well-developed HR plan, the company can identify potential employees who can fulfill those needs.

While the human resource planning process is vital to organizational management, it doesn’t come without challenges. Without a plan to overcome these challenges, they can derail the plan’s effectiveness.  Strategic planning must anticipate the challenges an HR team will encounter during HRP, ranging from market fluctuations to internal workforce dynamics.

Business objective alignment

We’ve talked quite a bit about the need to balance a human resource strategy with the objectives of the business. This, essentially, is the core of HRP and one of the biggest challenges HR managers face when developing a plan. The ever-evolving market conditions and organizational priorities add a layer of complexity to the already challenging task of strategic human resource planning.

To counter this, HR departments must maintain a continuous approach to HRP and constantly consult with department heads to update the direction of the company and the needs of individual departments.

Accurate forecasting

A big part of human resource planning involves forecasting the demand for current employees and future talent. Business growth can be unpredictable, technological advancements can change needs rapidly, and economic changes can shift priorities.

Investing in HR software such as data analytics and forecasting tools will help HR plan more accurately for these changes. These tools used advanced machine learning and large amounts of data to create forecasts more accurately than humans alone can.

Maintaining balance

There’s a delicate balance to be maintained between the current workforce needs and future requirements. This planning process can be overwhelming, especially for small HR teams. Teams at larger companies may struggle to stay connected with the needs of frontline employees.

Smaller teams especially must rely on talent management software that will automate much of the work in predicting when new employees or skills will be needed. Larger companies must create and maintain a direct line of communication between HR and frontline employees so their concerns are always a part of the human resource planning process.

Integrating the planning processes

Human resource planning must not only consider the business’s goals but must be tightly integrated with the company’s overall planning process. This ensures that actions taken by HR aren’t just reactive but that a proactive approach to hiring and training employees is taken.

This requires a strategic approach to resource planning. HR managers should be a part of every discussion about the company’s future so they can provide input that shapes the company’s direction and receive input that shapes HR’s approach. 

We’ve seen several instances where HR planning software will help teams better prepare for the business’s staffing needs. Technology has evolved rapidly in recent years, making it a vital part of strategic human resources planning. Chief among these advancements has been the growth of artificial intelligence , revolutionizing how companies manage their workforce through machine learning.

The rise of remote work has further driven the adoption of new technologies. An HR department must emphasize a flexible and dynamic human resource planning process with a dispersed workforce. Innovative tools and workforce planning software can help support these growing HR needs.

ClickUp is an all-in-one productivity platform. In addition to comprehensive project planning tools , the software has useful features for human resources planning. Its capabilities extend to various HR functions but also work well for every department in the company, making it ideally suited to keeping HR departments on the same page as other departments and the overall company direction.

As you can tell, it’s obvious how vital performance management is for strategic human resource planning. ClickUp provides a robust set of performance management tools, helping HR staff give and receive continuous feedback and set employee goals. By taking advantage of these features, your company can foster a constant learning and development culture that better prepares it for changing needs.

One of ClickUp’s biggest strengths is the extensive set of available templates. For nearly any productivity task your company needs to accomplish, a template shows you exactly how to put the software’s features to work on it.

 ClickUp’s HR Standard Operating Procedures template is handy for identifying skill gaps and developing a plan to close them. To keep existing employees up-to-date and prepared for changing requirements, the ClickUp HR knowledge base template shines.  

Technology has rapidly changed the landscape of human resources and shows no signs of slowing down. Changing attitudes and shifting priorities will also affect how strategic human resource planning evolves over the coming years.

Companies will no doubt find that artificial intelligence and data analytics tools will emerge that further refine processes and increase the accuracy of forecasts. As these tools improve the ability of an HR team to forecast staffing needs and identify skill gaps, smaller HR teams will be able to better compete with their larger counterparts.

We’re also seeing significant shifts in the way companies approach employment. More focus than ever is being placed on employee well-being and work-life balance. These priorities pay dividends by reducing burnout and improving productivity. 

Human resources departments will increasingly shift from mere recruitment and training to working on building an inclusive and supportive workplace culture. 

The trend of remote work and the gig economy will likely continue. The gig economy could provide opportunities for HR teams to rely on independent contractors for temporary surges in staffing requirements to keep the in-house staffing optimized during slow times but not overwhelmed during the busy ones.

Wrapping It Up

While many challenges are involved in keeping a company’s workforce as tightly tuned to its actual needs as possible, doing so provides the most efficient use of human resources and a substantial competitive advantage.

Thankfully, there are many tools available to help companies achieve this. Several free HR planning templates can help keep your staff organized and their processes streamlined. By combining this with effective employee management software , like ClickUp, even small teams can develop comprehensive human resource plans.

ClickUp is free to try. Sign up today to see how this powerful productivity tool can benefit your company.

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Human Resource Planning: The Ultimate Guide

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Have you ever wondered how a company decides exactly how many people to hire, what skills they should have, and the best time for them to join?

That's where human resource planning comes into play.

Today, we'll explain what it is, why it's important, and how to do it.

As a bonus, we'll share some of the best tools to make HR planning easier.

What is human resources planning?

Strategic human resource planning involves a company figuring out:

• how many people they need,
• what skills they should have,
• and when they should join the team.

They look at things such as company goals and what's happening in the market to decide.

Then, they fill any gaps by hiring new staff or training current workers . It's all about putting the right people in the right place at the right time to help the company grow.

Why is the HR planning process important?

The HR planning process is key for any business wanting to stay ahead.

Let's break down why you should pay attention to it.

Efficient forecasting

Forecasting is predicting what you'll need in terms of staff in the future.

The HR planning process helps you estimate how many employees you'll need to meet your business goals.

This way, you're never short-handed or overstaffed.

Resource allocation

Resource allocation is assigning the right resources, including human resources, where they are needed most.

Strategic human resource planning ensures that every department has the right number of qualified employees to operate properly.

Talent acquisition and retention

Finding and keeping talented employees is the way to any company’s success.

With a proper plan in place, HR professionals can understand the skills the company needs and develop strategies to attract and keep these skilled individuals.

Cost management

Managing costs cannot be overlooked.

Effective human resources planning can be useful when controlling costs.

This is done by hiring and training staff strategically, avoiding unnecessary expenses by retaining current employees, as well as planning for the future.

Adaptation to change

Change is constant in business.

The HR planning process lets your company adapt quickly by preparing in advance.

This might involve training existing employees to take on new roles or hiring new talent to meet evolving business demands.

The human resource planning process step by step

Now that you know how big of a piece in the puzzle human resource planning is, let's get down to something more practical.

We've prepared a 7-step guide on how to plan human resources in your company:

Environmental analysis

In this initial step, you take a broad look at the outside factors that could influence your workforce.

Key areas include:

• Economic conditions: These refer to the overall health of the economy where your business operates. Are jobs plentiful, or is unemployment high ? Economic swings can affect how easy or hard it is to recruit and retain employees.
• Technological changes: Technology impacts how industries operate. Staying updated on technological advancements helps you anticipate the skills your workforce needs to stay competitive.
• Legal issues: This involves understanding employment laws and regulations. Laws may dictate everything from hiring practices to benefits and can vary by region. Keeping on top of legal changes makes your business comply with the law and avoid costly penalties.

Internal analysis

Next, you should do a detailed examination of your current workforce:

• Skills assessment: Start by cataloging the skills that each employee brings to the table. Are there emerging technologies or new market demands that your current staff can't meet due to a lack of necessary skills? Identifying these gaps early allows you to plan for targeted training or hiring.
• Strengths and weaknesses: Evaluate the overall strengths and weaknesses of your workforce. Which departments excel and which ones struggle? Understanding this can help you make strategic decisions, such as where to allocate resources or which areas might need restructuring.
• Employee feedback: Gather input from your employees about their work environment, job satisfaction, and where they see room for improvement. This feedback will let you identify hidden issues that may not be immediately apparent from a top-down perspective.

Forecasting human resource demand

Moving forward, it's time to predict the future needs of your workforce in terms of both quantity and quality.

Here’s a quick how-to:

• Project business growth: Start by estimating how much your company is expected to grow in the coming years. Will new markets or products require more staff? Understanding your business's trajectory helps you anticipate how many new employees you might need in the future.
• Analyze skill requirements: Evaluate what skills will be necessary to meet your business goals. For example, if you're planning to adopt new technology, you might need employees with expertise in that area.
• Consider turnover rates: It's also important to account for the natural turnover within your company. Employees may retire, resign, or move to other roles, which can affect your staffing levels. Thanks to forecasting these changes, you can plan recruitment and training more effectively.

As a result of forecasting human resource demand, you align your staffing strategy with your business objectives. This way, you have the right people with the right skills at the right time - no more inefficiencies and disruptions in your operations.

Identifying gaps

After forecasting your human resource demands, the next task is to identify any gaps between your future needs and what your current workforce offers.

This involves:

• Skill gaps: Look for discrepancies between the skills your future projects will require and what your current employees possess. For instance, if your business is moving towards more digital solutions, but your team's tech skills are lacking, that's a gap that needs addressing.
• Staffing levels: Assess if your current staff numbers will meet future demands. If you're planning to expand operations or launch new products, you might find that you currently don't have enough hands on deck.

Tip: Use detailed skills matrixes and workforce analytics tools to systematically evaluate and document these gaps. This will provide a clear visual representation of where enhancements are necessary.

Developing action plans

Once you've identified the gaps, it’s time to develop targeted action plans to bridge them.

Here's how you can do it:

• Recruitment strategies: If you need more people or specific skills, create a recruitment plan targeting the kinds of talent that align with your future business needs. Consider which roles are critical and prioritize hiring for those positions.
• Training programs: Develop training and development programs to upgrade the skills of your current employees. This not only helps close the skills gap but also boosts employee engagement and retention.
• Workforce adjustment: Sometimes, aligning your workforce with business goals might mean making tough decisions like staff reductions or restructuring teams to better fit the company's strategic direction.

Tip: When developing action plans, consider using scenario planning to imagine various future states of your business. This approach can help you create flexible strategies that adapt to different possible outcomes.

Implementation

Implementing your action plans is where strategy meets reality. You put into practice the recruitment, training, and retention strategies you've developed:

• Hiring: Start by rolling out your recruitment strategy. Make your job postings clear and reflective of the exact skills and qualities you're looking for. Use both digital platforms and networking events to attract a wide but relevant audience.
• Upskilling: Launch training initiatives that are specifically designed to address the skills gaps identified. Make these programs accessible and engaging to encourage active participation from your staff.
• Retention strategies: Implement retention measures such as competitive compensation, career development opportunities, and a positive work environment to make your employees feel valued and motivated to stay.

Tip: Use project management tools to keep track of implementation processes. Regular check-ins and updates will keep every part of your plan on track and any issues will be addressed swiftly.

Evaluation and adjustment

After implementation, the last stage is to evaluate the success of your human resource strategies:

• Monitor outcomes: Regularly review the outcomes of your recruitment efforts and training programs. Are your new hires meeting expectations? Are employees improving after training?
• Feedback loops: Establish channels for employee feedback to gauge satisfaction and effectiveness from the ground up. This can provide insights that might not be visible through performance metrics alone.
• Adjust strategies: Based on the evaluations, make necessary adjustments. If certain strategies aren't working, tweak them or try new approaches. The business environment is always changing, and your strategies should be flexible enough to adapt.

Consider setting up a dashboard that tracks key performance indicators (KPIs) related to HR activities. This can provide a real-time snapshot of how well your HR strategies are performing and quickly highlight areas needing adjustment.

• Check this out: key HR metrics to track

The best tools for human resource planning

Alright, you know the ins and outs of the human resource planning process.

But do you know how you could supercharge it?

The answer lies in tools.

Check out these top solutions that are extremely useful when it comes to the workforce scheduling process:

Time tracking apps

What do they do:

Time tracking apps monitor how employees spend their work hours. This makes it easier to manage workloads and improve productivity.

Who should use them:

Any business that wants to enhance efficiency and make employees manage their time well should use these apps. They are especially useful for teams with remote or flexible work arrangements.

The best pick: Unrubble

Are you looking for a solution to streamline your HR processes and boost productivity across your teams? Unrubble is here to revolutionize the way you manage time, and make your human resource planning more strategic than ever!

Precision time tracking : Unrubble's cutting-edge time tracking features let you capture every second of billable time with ease and accuracy. From the seamless mobile time clock with face recognition to real-time timesheets, managing your team's hours has never been easier.

Smart scheduling : Say goodbye to the chaos of manual scheduling. With Unrubble, scheduling is not just made easy - it's made smart. Automatically generate schedules, send instant updates, and make changes on the go.

PTO tracker : Planning time off doesn't need to be a headache. Unrubble's PTO tracker simplifies how you handle vacations, WFH days, and business trips.

Employee Self-Service App : Motivate your employees with a tool that speaks directly to them. Our app allows staff to manage their time, request days off, and check their schedules anytime, anywhere.

Optimize your human resource strategy: Unrubble not only helps with the hiring process and tracking skilled employees but also aligns with your strategic human resource planning. Our tools integrate smoothly into your existing systems, supporting your strategic human resource plan and boosting overall efficiency.

Don't just track time, manage it like a pro with Unrubble. Start unrubbling for free today and experience a boost in productivity and collaboration that will propel your business forward.

Human resource information systems (HRIS)

HRIS manage employee data and automate HR processes such as payroll, benefits administration, and compliance. They make operations smoother and reduce administrative burdens.

HR professionals looking to improve strategic human resource planning and reduce time spent on administrative tasks should use HRIS. They're suitable for all sizes of organizations.

Good picks:

BambooHR, Zoho People, and Gusto are well-regarded for their robust features and ease of use.

Workforce planning software

This software assists in predicting future staffing needs, planning for employee development, and managing risks related to workforce changes. It supports strategic human resource planning.

Businesses that want to align their workforce strategy with company goals should use this software. It's ideal for HR professionals responsible for long-term planning.

Workday, SAP SuccessFactors, and Oracle HCM Cloud offer tools for successful workforce planning.

Talent management software

Talent management software helps with hiring, onboarding, performance management, and succession planning. It simplifies processes to retain and develop talented employees.

Organizations looking to nurture and retain top talent through effective employee retention strategies should adopt this software. It's essential for HR teams focused on employee growth and satisfaction.

LinkedIn Talent, Cornerstone OnDemand, and TalentLMS are known for their extensive features that support talent acquisition and development.

Skills assessment and gap analysis tools

These tools evaluate the skills of current employees and identify gaps that could impact organizational goals. This data is needed for targeted training and recruitment.

HR professionals and managers aiming to improve team capabilities and address skill shortages should use these tools. They're particularly valuable for companies undergoing technological upgrades or strategic shifts.

Skillsurvey, GapJumpers, and Thomas International offer precise assessment capabilities to help optimize your workforce according to strategic needs.

• Check this out: free templates for HR

Wrapping up

So, there you have it - the nuts and bolts of human resource planning, all laid out.

It’s not just filling chairs - it's plotting a course for your company’s future.

With each step carefully planned, you’re setting the pace.

Whether it’s by using the power of the latest HR tools or mastering the art of strategic planning, the future of your workforce looks bright.

Your company’s next chapter starts now!

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Human Resource Planning (HRP) Meaning, Process, and Examples

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

What Is Human Resource Planning (HRP)?

Human resource planning (HRP) is the continuous process of systematic planning to achieve optimum use of an organization's most valuable asset—quality employees. Human resources planning ensures the best fit between employees and jobs while avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses.

There are four key steps to the HRP process. They include analyzing present labor supply, forecasting labor demand, balancing projected labor demand with supply, and supporting organizational goals. HRP is an important investment for any business as it allows companies to remain both productive and profitable.

Key Takeaways

• Human resource planning (HRP) is a strategy used by a company to maintain a steady stream of skilled employees while avoiding employee shortages or surpluses.
• Having a good HRP strategy in place can mean productivity and profitability for a company.
• There are four general steps in the HRP process: identifying the current supply of employees, determining the future of the workforce, balancing between labor supply and demand, and developing plans that support the company's goals.

Michela Buttignol

What Is Human Resource Planning (HRP) Used For?

Human resource planning allows companies to plan ahead so they can maintain a steady supply of skilled employees. The process is used to help companies evaluate their needs and to plan ahead to meet those needs.

Human resource planning needs to be flexible enough to meet short-term staffing challenges while adapting to changing conditions in the business environment over the longer term. HRP starts by assessing and auditing the current capacity of human resources.

Here, identifying a company's skill set and targeting the skills a company needs enables it to strategically reach business goals and be equipped for future challenges. To remain competitive, businesses may need advanced skills or to upskill their employees as the market environment evolves and changes.

To retain employees and remain competitive, HRP often looks at organizational design, employee motivation, succession planning, and increasing return on investment overall.

Challenges of Human Resource Planning (HRP)

The challenges to HRP include forces that are always changing. These include employees getting sick, getting promoted, going on vacation, or leaving for another job. HRP ensures there is the best fit between workers and jobs, avoiding shortages and surpluses in the employee pool.

To help prevent future roadblocks and satisfy their objectives, HR managers have to make plans to do the following:

• Find and attract skilled employees.
• Select, train, and reward the best candidates.
• Cope with absences and deal with conflicts.
• Promote employees or let some of them go.

Investing in HRP is one of the most important decisions a company can make. After all, a company is only as good as its employees, and a high level of employee engagement can be essential for a company's success. If a company has the best employees and the best practices in place, it can mean the difference between sluggishness and productivity, helping to lead a company to profitability.

What Are the Four Steps to Human Resource Planning (HRP)?

There are four general, broad steps involved in the human resource planning process. Each step needs to be taken in sequence in order to arrive at the end goal, which is to develop a strategy that enables the company to successfully find and retain enough qualified employees to meet the company's needs.

Analyzing labor supply

The first step of human resource planning is to identify the company's current human resources supply. In this step, the HR department studies the strength of the organization based on the number of employees, their skills, qualifications, positions, benefits, and performance levels.

Forecasting labor demand

The second step requires the company to outline the future of its workforce. Here, the HR department can consider certain issues like promotions, retirements, layoffs, and transfers—anything that factors into the future needs of a company. The HR department can also look at external conditions impacting labor demand , such as new technology that might increase or decrease the need for workers.

Balancing labor demand with supply

The third step in the HRP process is forecasting the employment demand. HR creates a gap analysis that lays out specific needs to narrow the supply of the company's labor versus future demand. This analysis will often generate a series of questions, such as:

• Should employees learn new skills?
• Does the company need more managers?
• Do all employees play to their strengths in their current roles?

Developing and implementing a plan

The answers to questions from the gap analysis help HR determine how to proceed, which is the final phase of the HRP process. HR must now take practical steps to integrate its plan with the rest of the company. The department needs a budget , the ability to implement the plan, and a collaborative effort with all departments to execute that plan.

Common HR policies put in place after this fourth step may include policies regarding vacation, holidays, sick days, overtime compensation, and termination.

What Is the Goal of Human Resource Planning (HRP)?

The goal of HR planning is to have the optimal number of staff to make the most money for the company. Because the goals and strategies of a company change over time, human resource planning must adapt accordingly. Additionally, as globalization increases, HR departments will face the need to implement new practices to accommodate government labor regulations that vary from country to country.

The increased use of remote workers by many corporations will also impact human resource planning and will require HR departments to use new methods and tools to recruit, train, and retain workers.

Why Is Human Resource Planning Important?

Human resource planning (HRP) allows a business to better maintain and target the right kind of talent to employ—having the right technical and soft skills to optimize their function within the company. It also allows managers to better train the workforce and help them develop the required skills.

What Is "Hard" vs. "Soft" Human Resource Planning?

Hard HRP evaluates various quantitative metrics to ensure that the right number of the right sort of people are available when needed by the company. Soft HRP focuses more on finding employees with the right corporate culture, motivation, and attitude. Often these are used in tandem.

What Are the Basic Steps in HRP?

HRP begins with an analysis of the available labor pool from which a company can draw. It then evaluates the firm's present and future demand for various types of labor and attempts to match that demand with the supply of job applicants.

The Bottom Line

Quality employees are a company's most valuable asset. Human resource planning involves the development of strategies to ensure that a business has an adequate supply of employees to meet its needs and can avoid either a surplus or a lack of workers.

There are four general steps in developing such a strategy: first, analyzing the company's current labor supply; second, determining the company's future labor needs; third, balancing the company's labor needs with its supply of employees; and fourth, developing and implementing the HR plan throughout the organization.

A solid HRP strategy can help a company be both productive and profitable.

International Journal of Business and Management Invention. " Human Resource Planning-An Analytical Study ," Page 64.

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HR Consulting Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Human Resources Consulting Business Plan

Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 1,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their human resources consulting businesses. On this page, we will first give you some background information with regards to the importance of business planning. We will then go through an HR consulting business plan template step-by-step so you can create your plan today.

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here >

What is an HR Consulting Business Plan?

A business plan provides a snapshot of your human resources consulting business as it stands today, and lays out your growth plan for the next five years. It explains your business goals and your strategy for reaching them. It also includes market research to support your plans.

Why You Need a Business Plan for an HR Consulting Firm

If you’re looking to start an HR consulting business or grow your existing business, you need to write your own business plan. A business plan will help you raise funding, if needed, and plan out the growth of your HR consulting business in order to improve your chances of success. Your business plan is a living document that should be updated annually as your company grows and changes.

Sources of Funding for Human Resources Consulting Businesses

With regards to funding, the main sources of funding for a human resources consulting business are personal savings, credit cards, bank loans and angel investors. With regards to bank loans, banks will want to review your business plan and gain confidence that you will be able to repay your loan and interest. To acquire this confidence, the lender will not only want to confirm that your financials are reasonable, but they will also want to see a professional plan. Such a plan will give them the confidence that you can successfully and professionally operate a business. Personal savings is the most common form of funding for a human resources consulting business. Personal savings and bank loans are the most common funding paths for HR consulting businesses.

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If you want to start an HR consulting business or expand your current one, you need a business plan. Below we detail what should be included in your own business plan for an HR consulting firm.

Executive Summary

Your executive summary provides an introduction to your own business plan, but it is normally the last section you write because it provides a summary of each key section of your plan.

The goal of your Executive Summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the type of HR consulting business you are operating and its status. For example, are you a startup, do you have an HR consulting firm that you would like to grow, or are you operating human resources consulting firms in multiple markets?

Next, provide an overview of each of the subsequent sections of your plan. For example, give a brief overview of the HR consulting industry. Discuss the type of HR consulting business you are operating. Detail your direct competitors. Give an overview of your target customers. Provide a snapshot of your marketing plan. Identify the key members of your team. And offer an overview of your financial plan.  

Company Analysis

In your company analysis, you will detail the type of HR consulting business you are operating.

For example, you might operate one of the following types of human resources consulting businesses:

• Human Capital Strategy : this type of business focuses on strategic matters such as corporate culture, diversity, and organization design.
• Compensation & Benefits: this type of business involves analyzing and consulting on all aspects of employee compensation, from base pay to secondary benefits, as well as pension and retirement.
• Talent Management: this type of business focuses primarily on recruitment and retention of talent, as well as on talent development.
• Professional Development: this type of business offers services ranging from leadership coaching and development to developing learning management systems.

In addition to explaining the type of HR consulting business you will operate, the Company Analysis section of your business plan needs to provide background on the business.

Include answers to questions such as:

• When and why did you start the business?
• What milestones have you achieved to date? Milestones could include the number of websites launched, the types of sites developed, etc.
• Your legal structure. Are you incorporated as an S-Corp? An LLC? A sole proprietorship? Explain your legal structure here.

Industry Analysis

In your industry analysis, you need to provide an overview of the HR industry.

While this may seem unnecessary, it serves multiple purposes.

First, researching the HR industry educates you. It helps you understand the market in which you are operating.

Secondly, market research can improve your strategy, particularly if your research identifies market trends.

The third reason for market research is to prove to readers that you are an expert in your industry. By conducting the research and presenting it in your plan, you achieve just that.

The following questions should be answered in the industry analysis section of your HR consulting business plan:

• How big is the human resources industry (in dollars)?
• Is the market declining or increasing?
• Who are the key competitors in the market?
• Who are the key suppliers in the market?
• What trends are affecting the industry?
• What is the industry’s growth forecast over the next 5 – 10 years?
• What is the relevant market size? That is, how big is the potential market for your human resources consulting business? You can extrapolate such a figure by assessing the size of the market in the entire country and then applying that figure to your local population.

Customer Analysis

The customer analysis section of your HR consulting business plan must detail the customers you serve and/or expect to serve.

The following are examples of customer segments: financial services companies, government entities, healthcare institutions, and technology companies.

As you can imagine, the customer segment(s) you choose will have a great impact on the type of human resource consulting business you operate. Clearly, government entities would respond to different marketing promotions than technology companies, for example.

Try to break out your target customers in terms of their demographic and psychographic profiles. With regards to demographics, include a discussion of the ages, genders, locations, and income levels of the customers you seek to serve. Because most HR consulting businesses primarily serve customers living in the same city or town, such demographic information is easy to find on government websites.

Psychographic profiles explain the wants and needs of your target customers. The more you can understand and define these needs, the better you will do in attracting and retaining your customers.  

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Competitive Analysis

Your competitive analysis should identify the indirect and direct competitors your business faces and then focus on the latter.

Direct competitors are other human resource consulting firms.

Indirect competitors are other options that customers have to purchase from that aren’t direct competitors. This includes more generalized management consultants or dedicated in-house HR teams.

With regards to direct competition, you want to describe the other HR consulting businesses with which you compete. Most likely, your direct competitors will be human resource consulting businesses located very close to your location.

For each such competitor, provide an overview of their businesses and document their strengths and weaknesses. Unless you once worked at your competitors’ businesses, it will be impossible to know everything about them. But you should be able to find out key things about them such as:

• What types of customers do they serve?
• Do they specialize in specific industries (i.e. healthcare, technology, etc.)?
• What is their pricing (premium, low, etc.)?
• What are they good at?
• What are their weaknesses?

With regards to the last two questions, think about your answers from the customers’ perspective. And don’t be afraid to ask your competitors’ customers what they like most and least about them.

The final part of your competitive analysis section is to document your areas of competitive advantage. For example:

• Will you provide either a wider range or more specialized range of services?
• Will you offer virtual service options?
• Will you provide superior customer service?
• Will you offer better pricing?

Think about ways you will outperform your competition and document them in this section of your plan.  

Marketing Plan

Traditionally, a marketing plan includes the four P’s: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. For an human resource consulting business, your marketing plan should include the following:

Product : In the product section, you should reiterate the type of HR consulting company that you documented in your Company Analysis. Then, detail the specific products you will be offering. For example, in addition to strategic consulting, will your HR consulting business provide compliance consulting?

Price : Document the prices you will offer and how they compare to your competitors. Essentially in the product and price sub-sections of your marketing plan, you are presenting the services you offer and their prices.

Place : Place refers to the location of your company. Document your location and mention how the location will impact your success. For example, will you operate from a physical office, or will you primarily interact with clients online and/or at their place of business? In this section, discuss how your location will affect the demand for your services.

Promotions : The final part of your marketing plan is the promotions section. Here you will document how you will drive customers to your location(s). The following are some promotional methods you might consider:

• Advertising in local papers and magazines
• Reaching out to local websites
• Signs and billboards
• Social media marketing
• Local radio advertising

Operations Plan

While the earlier sections of your business plan explained your goals, your operations plan describes how you will meet them. Your operations plan should have two distinct sections as follows.

Everyday short-term processes include all of the tasks involved in running your HR consulting business, including marketing, providing consultations, building analytics processes, developing and presenting recommendations, etc.

Long-term goals are the milestones you hope to achieve. These could include the dates when you expect to sign your 50 th consulting contract, or when you hope to reach $X in revenue. It could also be when you expect to open an HR consulting business in a new location.  

Management Team

To demonstrate your HR consulting business’ ability to succeed, a strong management team is essential. Highlight your key players’ backgrounds, emphasizing those skills and experiences that prove their ability to grow your business.

Ideally you and/or your team members have direct experience in human resources and/or managing HR consulting businesses. If so, highlight this experience and expertise. But also highlight any experience that you think will help your business succeed.

If your team is lacking, consider assembling an advisory board. An advisory board would include 2 to 8 individuals who would act like mentors to your business. They would help answer questions and provide strategic guidance. If needed, look for advisory board members with experience in Human Resources, or successfully running small businesses.  

Financial Plan

Your financial plan should include your 5-year financial statement broken out both monthly or quarterly for the first year and then annually. Your financial statements include your income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statements.

In developing your income statement, you need to devise assumptions. For example, will you focus on one client at a time, or will you have teams working on multiple projects at once? And will sales grow by 2% or 10% per year? As you can imagine, your choice of assumptions will greatly impact the financial forecasts for your business. As much as possible, conduct research to try to root your assumptions in reality.

Balance Sheets : Balance sheets show your assets and liabilities. While balance sheets can include much information, try to simplify them to the key items you need to know about. For instance, if you spend $50,000 on building out your business, this will not give you immediate profits. Rather it is an asset that will hopefully help you generate profits for years to come. Likewise, if a bank writes you a check for $50,000, you don’t need to pay it back immediately. Rather, that is a liability you will pay back over time.

In developing your Income Statement and Balance Sheets be sure to include several of the key costs needed in starting or growing an hr consulting business:

• Office build-out
• Cost of buying or leasing a company vehicle
• Cost of office supplies such as computers and software
• Payroll or salaries paid to staff
• Business insurance
• Taxes and permits
• Legal expenses

Attach your full financial projections in the appendix of your plan along with any supporting documents that make your plan more compelling. For example, you might include your office lease, any notable clients you’ve served, or an overview of the services you offer.  

Putting together a business plan for your HR consulting business is a worthwhile endeavor. If you follow the template above, by the time you are done, you will have an expert HR consulting business plan; download it to PDF to show banks and investors. You will really understand the HR industry, your competition, and your customers. You will have developed a marketing plan and will really understand what it takes to launch and grow a successful HR consulting business.  

HR Consulting Business Plan FAQs

What is the easiest way to complete my hr consulting business plan.

Growthink's Ultimate Business Plan Template allows you to quickly and easily complete your HR Consulting Business Plan.

What is the Goal of a Business Plan's Executive Summary?

The goal of your Executive Summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the type of HR consulting business you are operating and the status; for example, are you a startup, do you have an HR consulting business that you would like to grow, or are you operating a chain of HR consulting businesses?

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Prepare Your Annual HR Plan for 2024

Each year, it is important to create an annual HR plan to guide your people team or human resources department. However, in 2024, it is even more important for HR departments to take into account recent changes , and develop a sound hr strategic plan to take their teams to the next level.

More important than the details of the plan itself is to make sure the company’s mission and vision are reflected within your annual HR plan for 2024. Without clear objectives and a path to achieve them, you may fall short in reaching your company’s goals.

A highly focused and clearly communicated annual HR plan helps to guarantee your HR objectives will be met.

In this article, we will cover the ins and outs of yearly HR planning and provide the key steps to reach your HR goals.

Table of Contents

What is Meant by HR Planning ?

The purpose of a human resources plan is to analyze and evaluate all the elements related to the human resources policy for the coming year.

Everything from staff dynamics, organizational structure , and working conditions to the hiring process and onboarding of new employees .

As there are many aspects of an HR annual work plan, it’s important to first understand the company environment within which you work, as this will greatly affect the HR plan you create. Once you evaluate the company environment, you can then move forward with creating a successful HR plan of action.

Prepare your annual business plan for HR in 2024 and reach all of your objectives.

Map Out Your Annual HR Plan: Evaluate the Company Environment

At the beginning of the year, companies establish a strategic plan, dependent heavily on the human resources department, where the key annual objectives are set.  In order to develop a successful annual HR plan, it’s important to take into consideration the company’s policies and procedures , as well as the employee handbook . That way, you can rest assured that the goals and plans of the company are aligned with those of HR.

To reach your HR objectives, you must first know the answers to the following questions:

What Can We Improve on From Last Year’s Annual HR Planning?

Success is simply the result of many failures and tried attempts, all put together. Identifying past struggles and using them as fuel to propel you forward is what leads to success and improvement.

What Expected Challenges Can I Include in My Yearly HR Plan?

When you know what’s coming, you can better adapt and take advantage of the changes, rather than let them take advantage of you. Consider learning about change management techniques to stay in control through the ups and downs. Analyzing the potential challenges is fundamental for preparing your team for what’s ahead. Also, knowing which changes, events and activities are taking place in the coming months, and how they will likely influence your team, allows you to better manage what lies ahead.

What Areas Within the Company Should I Plan to Improve?

Constant evaluation of the state of the company and its staff is crucial to coming up with solutions to improve. With Factorial, for example, you can create human resources reports that display a graphical vision of the company, outlining the required areas of improvement. If used correctly, these charts can also allow you to make visual conclusions about things such as the turnover rate or employee motivation.

Identifying key areas of improvement is one of the stepping stones to a successful large or small business HR plan.

As a result, reaching your yearly objectives is easy when you take the proper steps to first analyze the company’s environment and what you are working with . Clear communication between the human resources department and the company’s management is vital to creating a solid base for your annual human resources plan.

Define Your Annual HR Plan Goals & Objectives

The objectives of the company’s strategic plan are called long-term objectives . These types of objectives help measure the reach and success of the human resources plan.  Generally speaking, they can be divided into two categories:

• Explicit Objectives : Focus on attracting and retaining talent, employee motivation, and improving employee engagement. To set explicit objectives in your annual HR operating plan you have to consider employee experience, the onboarding process, career plans, etc.
• Implicit Objectives: Follow the company’s philosophy and help form the company culture. They show the power of the HR department and how it can help improve productivity. In addition, these objectives focus on the work environment and quality of life for the employees while maintaining all labor regulations.

Organize Your Annual HR Planning: Set Team Responsibilities

Once the objectives are clear, both for the company and for the human resources department, it’s time to create your HR plan by reviewing the team responsibilities. Keep in mind, a thorough analysis of what each department will do in order to contribute to achieving the 2024 HR goals is necessary before moving forward.

Following this, the first step in the HR action plan 2024, is to assign a person who will be in charge of creating and implementing the HR plan . For smaller companies, this person will probably be the CEO. In slightly larger businesses, the person responsible is normally the same one who handles all of the human resources-related tasks. Medium-sized companies will look to their HR team; with every member delegated to a specific task, each corresponding with a goal.

Human resources organizational charts are a great way to visually see who is responsible for what, and who reports to who in the company. Using this type of chart is incredibly helpful for your staff planning.  They can be also useful to ensure that the HR management to HR employee ratio is in check. Try using a free organizational chart template to have a clear picture of your company’s structure.

These charts are great for displaying the following:

• The structural hierarchy of the company : Directors, managers, intermediate profiles, employees, etc.
• The departments within the company : Marketing, sales, product, human resources, etc.
• Positions to fill : If there are any gaps in the company structure, the organizational chart will make them clear.

Annual HR Staff Planning: Identify Open Positions

Thanks to the organizational chart you can clearly see how many people you need to hire and for which positions. If you want to achieve your objectives for the coming year, you’ll need to have the right team in place.

In your HR plan you will define:

• Which positions are open – Write a detailed description of all the positions to be filled, including the corresponding department, responsibilities, functions, where they fit in the hierarchy, and their workload.
• Define the ideal profile – Here you’ll have to specify the profile of the candidate you are interested in hiring. Clearly outline the level of education you are looking for, the experience level, and the skills required. Based on this, you can decide whether to recruit from within the company if there is an employee that fits the desired profile.

Clearly defining the above details, are important steps to take in your HR plan. Therefore, allow yourself the time to study and analyze your company at each stage of the HR plan creation process.

Start Planning with a Defined HR Policy

Your updated human resources policy must meet the standards and demands of the general HR and strategic plan. The hr policy will also include guides for the HR department, including, but not limited to:

Hiring Guide

The main purpose of the hiring guide is to assist the HR manager in hiring and onboarding. This guide serves to outline the roles and responsibilities of the employees you are looking to hire. It should contain information on the types of contracts for each position as well. Also, including an HR annual training plan template in your hiring guide is beneficial.

Note: As an HR manager, you will need to decide whether the hiring process will be outsourced or handled within the company. If hiring is done from inside the company , a strategic onboarding process must be established to ensure successful recruitment and retention.

Compensation Guide

With every new contract you plan on offering, you need to state the details of each. For example, the salary amount, benefits, and economic bonuses. Make sure that what is offered in your compensation guide is in line with your overall Human Resources budget.

Workplace Satisfaction Guide Personal

Taking care of new hires is important, but don’t forget about your veteran employees. Long-term employees need to feel continually valued and supported as well. In your HR plan, you should invest part of your budget for the personal and professional development of each employee in the team.

Investing in employee wellbeing creates greater workplace satisfaction. Providing employees with the right personal development tools for success is key. Employees that feel supported display greater motivation for achieving their own goals and career aspirations.

Company Guide

Inside the HR policy, you should think about including a practical guide from the company. Contained in this guide, would be the company vision and mission, proper conduct guides, and conflict resolution codes

Build Your Annual HR Plan 2024

Now that you’ve gone through all the previous steps, you’re ready to build the best HR plan for 2024.

As you can see, creating the ideal HR plan for 2024 takes time and effort to compile . Unfortunately, a high percentage of small and medium-sized businesses simply don’t have the personnel to create a dynamic HR plan.

Save time creating your Annual HR plan with Factorial!

A solid HR plan is fundamental to achieving company goals. If you don’t have the correct tools to do the job, you’ll end up exhausting yourself creating a plan that will miss the mark in the end.

With Factorial, you can create your human resources plan for 2024 with ease. Build your organizational chart , fast and easy, and see who is in charge of what at a glance. Decide which departments need more assistance or restructuring.

Furthermore, Factorial gives you access to all kinds of human resources reports. These reports help you analyze the state of your company, allowing you to more effectively create the most successful HR plan for the coming year!

Are you looking for a little extra support to streamline your HR processes?

Simplify your HR processes with Factorial

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“Unfortunately, a high percentage of small and medium-sized businesses simply don’t have the personal to create a dynamic HR plan.”

‘personal’ should be ‘personnel’, unless I am mistaken?

A great article otherwise!

Thanks Trudy!

Post more! Seriously, I am really digging what you have written so far. I’ve scanned your blog right now for more things to read.

Thanks , this piece was indeed very useful.

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SWOT Analysis of a Human Resources (HR) department 

A Human Resources (HR) department manages an organization’s workforce and fosters a positive work environment. Here’s an overview of the primary functions and responsibilities of an HR department:

Core Functions of HR:

• Recruitment and Staffing : HR is responsible for attracting, hiring, and onboarding new employees. This includes crafting job descriptions, posting job openings, screening candidates, conducting interviews, and selecting the best candidates for the organization.
• Training and Development : HR departments manage employee development programs to enhance skills, improve performance, and ensure employees are equipped to meet their job requirements. This includes organizing training sessions, workshops, and continuing education opportunities.
• Compensation and Benefits : HR determines appropriate compensation structures and packages that align with industry standards and organizational goals. This includes salary, health insurance, retirement plans, and other perks that help attract and retain talent.
• Performance Management : HR oversees employee performance evaluation, working with managers to assess and manage worker productivity and setting performance standards and goals. This function is crucial for identifying high performers, providing feedback, and addressing areas where employees may need improvement.
• Employee Relations : HR plays a key role in maintaining a healthy, ethical, and productive workplace. They handle employee grievances, mediate disputes, and ensure a fair and respectful working environment. This also involves developing and enforcing company policies that comply with legal standards.
• Compliance with Laws and Regulations : HR ensures that the organization complies with all relevant employment laws and regulations, which can vary widely from one jurisdiction to another. This includes employment standards, health and safety issues, and anti-discrimination laws.
• Workforce Planning and Retention : HR departments are involved in strategic planning to ensure the organization has the right mix of skills and staffing levels to meet current and future business needs. This involves succession planning, turnover management, and workforce analytics.
• Diversity and Inclusion : Many HR departments lead initiatives to promote diversity and inclusion within the workplace. This includes developing policies that promote equal opportunities and creating programs that enhance cultural competency within the team.

Strategic Role of HR:

Increasingly, HR is seen as a strategic partner in the organization rather than just an administrative or support function. This strategic role involves aligning HR policies and practices with the overall business strategy to improve performance, productivity, and profitability. HR professionals are expected to provide insights and data that support business decisions, help manage change, and foster organizational culture.

In summary, an HR department is integral to nurturing a company’s human capital, aligning employee goals with organizational objectives, and ensuring compliance with laws and regulations. The effectiveness of HR can significantly impact an organization’s overall success.

Here is the SWOT analysis for  Human Resources (HR) department 

A SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of a business, project, or individual. It involves identifying the internal and external factors that can affect a venture’s success or failure and analyzing them to develop a strategic plan. In this article, we do a SWOT Analysis of the Human Resources (HR) department.

SWOT Analysis: Meaning, Importance, and Examples

• Expertise in Recruitment and Talent Management : HR is central to attracting and retaining top talent. A strong HR department excels in designing recruitment strategies that fill positions quickly and ensure a good fit between the candidates and the company culture. This helps in building a skilled and committed workforce.
• Employee Development and Training : HR departments often lead the way in employee development, providing training programs that enhance skill sets and increase productivity. By investing in employee growth, HR can directly impact the organization’s efficiency and effectiveness.
• Enhanced Employee Satisfaction and Engagement : HR plays a crucial role in employee relations by ensuring a positive work environment, addressing grievances effectively, and maintaining high levels of employee engagement. This can lead to lower turnover rates, higher job satisfaction, and a more motivated workforce.
• Strategic Workforce Planning : HR’s ability to forecast and plan for future workforce needs based on the organization’s strategic direction is invaluable. By aligning the workforce strategy with organizational goals, HR can ensure that the company has the right people in the right roles at the right time.
• Regulatory Compliance and Risk Management : HR helps the organization comply with labor laws and employment standards, reducing legal risks and protecting the organization from potential lawsuits and regulatory sanctions.
• Cultural Stewardship : HR is often seen as the guardian of company culture, promoting core values and ensuring they are integrated into every aspect of the organization. A strong company culture can enhance employee morale and productivity and differentiate the company in the market.
• Cost Management : Through effective benefits management, salary structure design, and control over labor costs, HR can contribute to the financial health of the organization, making it a key player in overall business success.
• Resource Constraints : HR departments are often required to manage a wide range of responsibilities with limited resources. Budget constraints can lead to understaffing in HR teams, which may result in delays and inefficiencies in handling employee needs, recruitment, and training programs.
• Resistance to Change : HR departments can sometimes be slow to adapt to changes in the business environment or advances in HR technology. This resistance can hinder the implementation of more efficient systems and processes that could benefit the organization.
• Lack of Strategic Integration : HR may not be fully integrated into the strategic planning process in some organizations. This can lead to a disconnect between the company’s business goals and HR strategies, potentially affecting the overall alignment and effectiveness of the organization.
• Overemphasis on Administration : HR departments can sometimes become too focused on administrative functions such as processing payroll and managing employee records. While these tasks are important, overemphasizing them can divert attention from more strategic HR functions like talent management and employee development.
• Compliance and Legal Challenges : Navigating the complex landscape of employment law can be challenging for HR professionals. A lack of expertise or up-to-date knowledge on legal matters can expose the organization to risks of non-compliance and potential legal issues.
• Ineffective Communication : Poor communication within the HR department and with other departments can lead to misunderstandings and misalignment of goals. Ineffective communication can also impact employee satisfaction if employees feel their concerns are not addressed properly.
• Data Management Issues : With data becoming increasingly important in HR decision-making, a lack of proper systems to handle data can be a significant weakness. Inadequate data management can make tracking employee performance, forecasting workforce needs, and analyzing HR metrics difficult.

Opportunities

• Technology Integration : Adopting advanced HR technologies like AI-driven analytics, machine learning for data processing, and automated systems for routine tasks can greatly enhance efficiency. These tools can help in better talent management, predictive analytics for turnover rates, and more personalized employee engagement strategies.
• Strategic Leadership Role : HR can expand its influence by taking on a more strategic role in organizational planning. This involves participating in high-level decision-making processes, aligning HR strategies with business goals, and contributing to the company’s overall direction.
• Employee Wellness Programs : With increasing awareness of the importance of mental health, HR departments can implement comprehensive wellness programs that support employees’ physical, mental, and emotional health. This can improve employee satisfaction, reduce absenteeism, and create a more productive workforce.
• Talent Development and Lifelong Learning : HR can create employee growth and development opportunities through continuous learning and development programs. This could include career development plans, upskilling courses, and leadership training, which help retain top talent and prepare employees for future organizational roles.
• Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives : There is a growing need for workplaces to be more inclusive and diverse. HR departments can lead the way in crafting policies and practices that promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. These initiatives can enhance the company’s image, attract a diverse workforce, and improve employee engagement and innovation.
• Global Talent Acquisition : As businesses expand globally, HR departments can look to broaden their recruitment efforts to include international talent. This fills skills gaps and brings new perspectives and ideas to the organization, enhancing creativity and problem-solving.
• Enhancing Employee Engagement : HR can leverage data and employee feedback to develop more effective engagement strategies. This might involve tailored benefits, flexible working conditions, and recognition programs that directly address the desires and needs of the workforce.
• Compliance and Risk Management : As regulations evolve, particularly in areas like data protection (GDPR) and labor laws, HR departments can strengthen their role in compliance management. Being proactive in this area can prevent legal issues and ensure the organization operates within the law.
• Technological Disruption : Advances in AI and automation technologies are reshaping many traditional HR functions. Automation of routine tasks like payroll, benefits administration, and initial recruitment phases can threaten HR roles, pushing the department to evolve and adopt new skills focused more on strategic planning and employee engagement.
• Economic Uncertainty : Economic downturns and budget cuts can significantly impact HR operations, forcing the department to do more with fewer resources. These conditions can lead to layoffs, reduced training and development opportunities, and decreased employee engagement and morale.
• Compliance and Regulatory Changes : HR departments must stay current with labor laws and employment regulations, which can vary widely by region and change frequently. Non-compliance can result in fines, legal issues, and damage to the company’s reputation.
• Data Security Risks : With HR departments managing a significant amount of sensitive employee data, they are a prime target for cyber threats. A breach can lead to severe data loss, compromising employee privacy and leading to legal repercussions.
• Talent Management Challenges : In a highly competitive job market, retaining top talent and recruiting skilled workers are constant challenges for HR. The inability to effectively manage talent can lead to a skills gap in the organization, affecting overall productivity and innovation.
• Changing Workforce Demographics and Expectations : As workforce demographics shift and employee expectations change, HR must adapt its policies and strategies to meet these new demands. This includes managing a multi-generational workforce, accommodating flexible work arrangements, and implementing diversity and inclusion initiatives.
• Remote Work Dynamics : The rise of remote work has created new challenges for HR regarding engagement, performance management, and maintaining company culture. Adapting to these changes while ensuring seamless communication and collaboration is crucial.

Check out the SWOT Analysis of Global Businesses

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Artificial intelligence in strategy

Can machines automate strategy development? The short answer is no. However, there are numerous aspects of strategists’ work where AI and advanced analytics tools can already bring enormous value. Yuval Atsmon is a senior partner who leads the new McKinsey Center for Strategy Innovation, which studies ways new technologies can augment the timeless principles of strategy. In this episode of the Inside the Strategy Room podcast, he explains how artificial intelligence is already transforming strategy and what’s on the horizon. This is an edited transcript of the discussion. For more conversations on the strategy issues that matter, follow the series on your preferred podcast platform .

Joanna Pachner: What does artificial intelligence mean in the context of strategy?

Yuval Atsmon: When people talk about artificial intelligence, they include everything to do with analytics, automation, and data analysis. Marvin Minsky, the pioneer of artificial intelligence research in the 1960s, talked about AI as a “suitcase word”—a term into which you can stuff whatever you want—and that still seems to be the case. We are comfortable with that because we think companies should use all the capabilities of more traditional analysis while increasing automation in strategy that can free up management or analyst time and, gradually, introducing tools that can augment human thinking.

Joanna Pachner: AI has been embraced by many business functions, but strategy seems to be largely immune to its charms. Why do you think that is?

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Yuval Atsmon: You’re right about the limited adoption. Only 7 percent of respondents to our survey about the use of AI say they use it in strategy or even financial planning, whereas in areas like marketing, supply chain, and service operations, it’s 25 or 30 percent. One reason adoption is lagging is that strategy is one of the most integrative conceptual practices. When executives think about strategy automation, many are looking too far ahead—at AI capabilities that would decide, in place of the business leader, what the right strategy is. They are missing opportunities to use AI in the building blocks of strategy that could significantly improve outcomes.

I like to use the analogy to virtual assistants. Many of us use Alexa or Siri but very few people use these tools to do more than dictate a text message or shut off the lights. We don’t feel comfortable with the technology’s ability to understand the context in more sophisticated applications. AI in strategy is similar: it’s hard for AI to know everything an executive knows, but it can help executives with certain tasks.

When executives think about strategy automation, many are looking too far ahead—at AI deciding the right strategy. They are missing opportunities to use AI in the building blocks of strategy.

Joanna Pachner: What kind of tasks can AI help strategists execute today?

Yuval Atsmon: We talk about six stages of AI development. The earliest is simple analytics, which we refer to as descriptive intelligence. Companies use dashboards for competitive analysis or to study performance in different parts of the business that are automatically updated. Some have interactive capabilities for refinement and testing.

The second level is diagnostic intelligence, which is the ability to look backward at the business and understand root causes and drivers of performance. The level after that is predictive intelligence: being able to anticipate certain scenarios or options and the value of things in the future based on momentum from the past as well as signals picked in the market. Both diagnostics and prediction are areas that AI can greatly improve today. The tools can augment executives’ analysis and become areas where you develop capabilities. For example, on diagnostic intelligence, you can organize your portfolio into segments to understand granularly where performance is coming from and do it in a much more continuous way than analysts could. You can try 20 different ways in an hour versus deploying one hundred analysts to tackle the problem.

Predictive AI is both more difficult and more risky. Executives shouldn’t fully rely on predictive AI, but it provides another systematic viewpoint in the room. Because strategic decisions have significant consequences, a key consideration is to use AI transparently in the sense of understanding why it is making a certain prediction and what extrapolations it is making from which information. You can then assess if you trust the prediction or not. You can even use AI to track the evolution of the assumptions for that prediction.

Those are the levels available today. The next three levels will take time to develop. There are some early examples of AI advising actions for executives’ consideration that would be value-creating based on the analysis. From there, you go to delegating certain decision authority to AI, with constraints and supervision. Eventually, there is the point where fully autonomous AI analyzes and decides with no human interaction.

Because strategic decisions have significant consequences, you need to understand why AI is making a certain prediction and what extrapolations it’s making from which information.

Joanna Pachner: What kind of businesses or industries could gain the greatest benefits from embracing AI at its current level of sophistication?

Yuval Atsmon: Every business probably has some opportunity to use AI more than it does today. The first thing to look at is the availability of data. Do you have performance data that can be organized in a systematic way? Companies that have deep data on their portfolios down to business line, SKU, inventory, and raw ingredients have the biggest opportunities to use machines to gain granular insights that humans could not.

Companies whose strategies rely on a few big decisions with limited data would get less from AI. Likewise, those facing a lot of volatility and vulnerability to external events would benefit less than companies with controlled and systematic portfolios, although they could deploy AI to better predict those external events and identify what they can and cannot control.

Third, the velocity of decisions matters. Most companies develop strategies every three to five years, which then become annual budgets. If you think about strategy in that way, the role of AI is relatively limited other than potentially accelerating analyses that are inputs into the strategy. However, some companies regularly revisit big decisions they made based on assumptions about the world that may have since changed, affecting the projected ROI of initiatives. Such shifts would affect how you deploy talent and executive time, how you spend money and focus sales efforts, and AI can be valuable in guiding that. The value of AI is even bigger when you can make decisions close to the time of deploying resources, because AI can signal that your previous assumptions have changed from when you made your plan.

Joanna Pachner: Can you provide any examples of companies employing AI to address specific strategic challenges?

Yuval Atsmon: Some of the most innovative users of AI, not coincidentally, are AI- and digital-native companies. Some of these companies have seen massive benefits from AI and have increased its usage in other areas of the business. One mobility player adjusts its financial planning based on pricing patterns it observes in the market. Its business has relatively high flexibility to demand but less so to supply, so the company uses AI to continuously signal back when pricing dynamics are trending in a way that would affect profitability or where demand is rising. This allows the company to quickly react to create more capacity because its profitability is highly sensitive to keeping demand and supply in equilibrium.

Joanna Pachner: Given how quickly things change today, doesn’t AI seem to be more a tactical than a strategic tool, providing time-sensitive input on isolated elements of strategy?

Yuval Atsmon: It’s interesting that you make the distinction between strategic and tactical. Of course, every decision can be broken down into smaller ones, and where AI can be affordably used in strategy today is for building blocks of the strategy. It might feel tactical, but it can make a massive difference. One of the world’s leading investment firms, for example, has started to use AI to scan for certain patterns rather than scanning individual companies directly. AI looks for consumer mobile usage that suggests a company’s technology is catching on quickly, giving the firm an opportunity to invest in that company before others do. That created a significant strategic edge for them, even though the tool itself may be relatively tactical.

Joanna Pachner: McKinsey has written a lot about cognitive biases  and social dynamics that can skew decision making. Can AI help with these challenges?

Yuval Atsmon: When we talk to executives about using AI in strategy development, the first reaction we get is, “Those are really big decisions; what if AI gets them wrong?” The first answer is that humans also get them wrong—a lot. [Amos] Tversky, [Daniel] Kahneman, and others have proven that some of those errors are systemic, observable, and predictable. The first thing AI can do is spot situations likely to give rise to biases. For example, imagine that AI is listening in on a strategy session where the CEO proposes something and everyone says “Aye” without debate and discussion. AI could inform the room, “We might have a sunflower bias here,” which could trigger more conversation and remind the CEO that it’s in their own interest to encourage some devil’s advocacy.

We also often see confirmation bias, where people focus their analysis on proving the wisdom of what they already want to do, as opposed to looking for a fact-based reality. Just having AI perform a default analysis that doesn’t aim to satisfy the boss is useful, and the team can then try to understand why that is different than the management hypothesis, triggering a much richer debate.

In terms of social dynamics, agency problems can create conflicts of interest. Every business unit [BU] leader thinks that their BU should get the most resources and will deliver the most value, or at least they feel they should advocate for their business. AI provides a neutral way based on systematic data to manage those debates. It’s also useful for executives with decision authority, since we all know that short-term pressures and the need to make the quarterly and annual numbers lead people to make different decisions on the 31st of December than they do on January 1st or October 1st. Like the story of Ulysses and the sirens, you can use AI to remind you that you wanted something different three months earlier. The CEO still decides; AI can just provide that extra nudge.

Joanna Pachner: It’s like you have Spock next to you, who is dispassionate and purely analytical.

Yuval Atsmon: That is not a bad analogy—for Star Trek fans anyway.

Joanna Pachner: Do you have a favorite application of AI in strategy?

Yuval Atsmon: I have worked a lot on resource allocation, and one of the challenges, which we call the hockey stick phenomenon, is that executives are always overly optimistic about what will happen. They know that resource allocation will inevitably be defined by what you believe about the future, not necessarily by past performance. AI can provide an objective prediction of performance starting from a default momentum case: based on everything that happened in the past and some indicators about the future, what is the forecast of performance if we do nothing? This is before we say, “But I will hire these people and develop this new product and improve my marketing”— things that every executive thinks will help them overdeliver relative to the past. The neutral momentum case, which AI can calculate in a cold, Spock-like manner, can change the dynamics of the resource allocation discussion. It’s a form of predictive intelligence accessible today and while it’s not meant to be definitive, it provides a basis for better decisions.

Joanna Pachner: Do you see access to technology talent as one of the obstacles to the adoption of AI in strategy, especially at large companies?

Yuval Atsmon: I would make a distinction. If you mean machine-learning and data science talent or software engineers who build the digital tools, they are definitely not easy to get. However, companies can increasingly use platforms that provide access to AI tools and require less from individual companies. Also, this domain of strategy is exciting—it’s cutting-edge, so it’s probably easier to get technology talent for that than it might be for manufacturing work.

The bigger challenge, ironically, is finding strategists or people with business expertise to contribute to the effort. You will not solve strategy problems with AI without the involvement of people who understand the customer experience and what you are trying to achieve. Those who know best, like senior executives, don’t have time to be product managers for the AI team. An even bigger constraint is that, in some cases, you are asking people to get involved in an initiative that may make their jobs less important. There could be plenty of opportunities for incorpo­rating AI into existing jobs, but it’s something companies need to reflect on. The best approach may be to create a digital factory where a different team tests and builds AI applications, with oversight from senior stakeholders.

The big challenge is finding strategists to contribute to the AI effort. You are asking people to get involved in an initiative that may make their jobs less important.

Joanna Pachner: Do you think this worry about job security and the potential that AI will automate strategy is realistic?

Yuval Atsmon: The question of whether AI will replace human judgment and put humanity out of its job is a big one that I would leave for other experts.

The pertinent question is shorter-term automation. Because of its complexity, strategy would be one of the later domains to be affected by automation, but we are seeing it in many other domains. However, the trend for more than two hundred years has been that automation creates new jobs, although ones requiring different skills. That doesn’t take away the fear some people have of a machine exposing their mistakes or doing their job better than they do it.

Joanna Pachner: We recently published an article about strategic courage in an age of volatility  that talked about three types of edge business leaders need to develop. One of them is an edge in insights. Do you think AI has a role to play in furnishing a proprietary insight edge?

Yuval Atsmon: One of the challenges most strategists face is the overwhelming complexity of the world we operate in—the number of unknowns, the information overload. At one level, it may seem that AI will provide another layer of complexity. In reality, it can be a sharp knife that cuts through some of the clutter. The question to ask is, Can AI simplify my life by giving me sharper, more timely insights more easily?

Joanna Pachner: You have been working in strategy for a long time. What sparked your interest in exploring this intersection of strategy and new technology?

Yuval Atsmon: I have always been intrigued by things at the boundaries of what seems possible. Science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke’s second law is that to discover the limits of the possible, you have to venture a little past them into the impossible, and I find that particularly alluring in this arena.

AI in strategy is in very nascent stages but could be very consequential for companies and for the profession. For a top executive, strategic decisions are the biggest way to influence the business, other than maybe building the top team, and it is amazing how little technology is leveraged in that process today. It’s conceivable that competitive advantage will increasingly rest in having executives who know how to apply AI well. In some domains, like investment, that is already happening, and the difference in returns can be staggering. I find helping companies be part of that evolution very exciting.

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