duties for special education

What does a special education teacher do?

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What is a Special Education Teacher?

A special education teacher works with students who have a wide range of disabilities and special needs. Their primary role is to provide specialized instruction and support to help students with disabilities overcome learning barriers and achieve academic, social, and emotional success. Special education teachers assess students' individual needs, develop tailored education plans, and implement effective teaching strategies and accommodations to meet each student's unique learning goals.

In addition to academic instruction, special education teachers also foster a supportive and inclusive learning environment for their students. They collaborate closely with other educators, administrators, parents, and support staff to create Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and ensure that students with disabilities receive the necessary accommodations, services, and resources to thrive in school.

What does a Special Education Teacher do?

Duties and Responsibilities Special education teachers have a range of duties and responsibilities that are vital in ensuring that students with disabilities receive the support they need to succeed. Some of these responsibilities include:

• Assessment and Individualized Education Planning: Special education teachers assess students' individual needs, strengths, and challenges to determine eligibility for special education services. They collaborate with other professionals, such as psychologists, speech therapists, and occupational therapists, to conduct evaluations and develop Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) tailored to each student's unique learning goals and needs.
• Instruction and Differentiated Teaching: Special education teachers design and implement specialized instruction and teaching strategies to accommodate diverse learning styles and abilities. They adapt curriculum materials, modify instructional approaches, and provide individualized support to help students with disabilities access the general education curriculum and make academic progress. Special education teachers may also provide small-group instruction, one-on-one tutoring, or co-teaching support in inclusive classroom settings.
• Behavior Management and Support: Special education teachers help students develop social skills, self-regulation, and positive behavior management strategies to succeed in school and community settings. They establish clear expectations, reinforce positive behaviors, and provide targeted interventions and supports to address challenging behaviors and promote a positive learning environment. Special education teachers collaborate with behavior specialists, counselors, and support staff to implement behavior intervention plans and support students' social-emotional development.
• Collaboration and Communication: Special education teachers collaborate closely with general education teachers, administrators, parents, and other professionals to support students' academic and developmental needs. They attend team meetings, participate in IEP meetings, and communicate regularly with parents to discuss students' progress, set goals, and coordinate services. Special education teachers advocate for students with disabilities, ensuring that they receive appropriate accommodations, services, and resources to succeed in school and beyond.
• Professional Development and Continued Learning: Special education teachers engage in ongoing professional development and training to stay updated on best practices, research-based interventions, and legal requirements related to special education. They participate in workshops, conferences, and seminars, pursue advanced degrees or certifications, and collaborate with colleagues to share expertise and resources. Special education teachers continuously strive to improve their teaching practices and support the diverse needs of students with disabilities.

Types of Special Education Teachers There are various types of special education teachers, each specializing in a specific area of need or disability. Some of the most common types of special education teachers include:

• Autism Teacher: These teachers work with students who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They may use specialized techniques such as applied behavior analysis (ABA) to help students develop social skills, communication skills, and independence.
• Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Teacher: These teachers work with students who have emotional or behavioral disorders that may impact their ability to learn and interact with others. They may help students develop coping skills, build positive relationships, and manage their behavior in the classroom.
• Learning Disabilities Teacher: These teachers specialize in working with students who have difficulties with reading, writing, or math. They may use specialized techniques to help students overcome these challenges and develop their skills in these areas.
• Occupational Therapist : Occupational therapists work with students who have physical disabilities or challenges with fine motor skills. They may help students develop skills such as handwriting, dressing, or eating independently.
• Physical Therapist : Physical therapists work with students who have physical disabilities or challenges with gross motor skills. They may help students develop skills such as walking, climbing stairs, or participating in physical education activities.
• Speech and Language Pathologist : These professionals work with students who have communication disorders such as stuttering, language delays, or articulation disorders. They may work with students one-on-one or in small groups to help them develop their communication skills.

Are you suited to be a special education teacher?

Special education teachers have distinct personalities . They tend to be social individuals, which means they’re kind, generous, cooperative, patient, caring, helpful, empathetic, tactful, and friendly. They excel at socializing, helping others, and teaching. Some of them are also investigative, meaning they’re intellectual, introspective, and inquisitive.

Does this sound like you? Take our free career test to find out if special education teacher is one of your top career matches.

What is the workplace of a Special Education Teacher like?

Special education teachers may work in a variety of environments, including public and private schools, specialized special education schools, inclusive classrooms, resource rooms, or self-contained classrooms dedicated to students with disabilities. These settings may range from elementary, middle, or high schools to specialized programs or alternative education centers.

Inclusive classrooms, where students with disabilities are integrated into general education classrooms alongside their peers without disabilities, are becoming increasingly common. In these settings, special education teachers collaborate closely with general education teachers to provide differentiated instruction, accommodations, and support to meet the diverse learning needs of all students. They may co-teach with general education teachers, provide push-in or pull-out support, or work in small groups to provide targeted interventions and assistance to students with disabilities.

Additionally, special education teachers may also spend time outside of the classroom attending meetings, collaborating with other professionals, and conducting assessments and evaluations. They work closely with parents, administrators, counselors, therapists, and support staff to develop and implement Individualized Education Programs (IEPs), monitor student progress, and ensure that students with disabilities receive the necessary services and supports to succeed academically, socially, and emotionally.

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Special Education Teachers are also known as: Special Education Resource Teacher Inclusion Teacher

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Special Education Teacher

Job summary:.

The Special Education Teacher will coordinate and provide developmentally appropriate educational services to students whose abilities differ from their peers.

Supervisory Responsibilities:

• Directs, monitors, and mentors teachers assistants working with students who have disabilities.

Duties/Responsibilities:

• Performs a variety of assessments and observations to determine the areas in which the student may need extra or modified educational services. Assessment areas may include academic performance, behavior, social development, or physical health.
• Identifies the students needs and develops related lesson and teaching plans.
• Develops an integrated plan for the education of each child by collaborating with classroom teachers, parents, psychologists, social workers, and other medical and school staff.
• Develops individualized education programs (IEPs) for each student, setting learning goals and adopting modifications as necessary; ensures each students activities and lessons are planned and organized according to his/her abilities.
• Develops and teaches lessons that provide engaging learning opportunities for small groups and individual students while meeting required specifications of IEPs and 504 plans.
• Implements IEPs, provides ongoing or follow-up assessments, and continually tracks progress and makes modifications as necessary.
• Collaborates with classroom and homeroom teachers to ensure each students needs are met and plans are followed.
• Ensures programs comply with Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA); ensures each applicable student is provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is properly modified for his/her individual needs.
• Develops, completes, and maintains all paperwork mandated by local, state, and federal guidelines, laws, and regulations.
• Maintains knowledge of special education teaching methods, research, and best practices through professional development and study.
• Establishes and enforces classroom management structure and rules that ensure the academic engagement and the physical and mental safety of all students.
• Celebrates the achievements and successes of students.
• Performs other related duties as assigned.

Required Skills/Abilities:

• Excellent verbal and written communication skills.
• Excellent interpersonal skills with ability to maintain a calm and patient demeanor with all students.
• Thorough understanding of various special education needs and services.
• Thorough understanding of and the ability to implement a variety of effective teaching methods.
• Thorough understanding of policies, laws, and guidelines related to special education including IDEA, IEPs, and 504.
• Excellent organizational skills and attention to detail.
• Proficient with Microsoft Office Suite or related software.

Education and Experience:

• Bachelors degree in Special Education required; Masters degree preferred.
• Appropriate state license or certification required.
• Two years of experience highly preferred.

Physical Requirements:

• Prolonged periods standing and walking throughout school and classroom.
• Must be able to lift up to 45 pounds at a time.
• Must be able to assist students who have physical difficulties.
• Must be able to kneel, sit, stand, crawl, push, and pull to assist and teach children throughout the day.
• Prolonged periods sitting and working on computer to complete necessary paperwork.

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Special Education Teacher

Special education teachers work with students who have learning, mental, emotional, or physical disabilities. They adapt general education lessons and teach various subjects to students with mild to moderate disabilities. They also teach basic skills to students with severe disabilities.

Special education teachers typically do the following:

• Assess students’ skills and determine their educational needs
• Adapt general lessons to meet students’ needs
• Develop Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for each student
• Plan activities that are specific to each student’s abilities
• Teach and mentor students as a class, in small groups, and one-on-one
• Implement IEPs, assess students’ performance, and track their progress
• Update IEPs throughout the school year to reflect students’ progress and goals
• Discuss students’ progress with parents, other teachers, counselors, and administrators
• Supervise and mentor teacher assistants who work with students with disabilities
• Prepare and help students transition from grade to grade and from school to life outside of school

Special education teachers work with students from preschool to high school. They instruct students who have mental, emotional, physical, or learning disabilities. For example, some help students develop study skills, such as highlighting text and using flashcards. Others work with students who have physical disabilities and may use a wheelchair or other adaptive devices. Still others work with students who have sensory disabilities, such as visual or hearing impairments. They also may work with those who have autism spectrum disorders or emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression.

Special education teachers work with general education teachers, specialists, administrators, and parents to develop IEPs. Students’ IEPs outline their goals, including academic or behavioral milestones, and services they are to receive, such as speech therapy. Educators and parents also meet to discuss updates and changes to IEPs.

Special education teachers must be comfortable using and learning new technology. Most use computers to keep records of their students’ performance, prepare lesson plans, and update IEPs. Some teachers also use assistive technology aids, such as Braille writers and computer software, that help them communicate with their students.

Special education teachers’ duties vary by their work setting, students’ disabilities, and specialties.

Some special education teachers work in classrooms or resource centers that include only students with disabilities. In these settings, teachers plan, adapt, and present lessons to meet each student’s needs. They teach students individually or in small groups.

In inclusive classrooms, special education teachers instruct students with disabilities who are in general education classrooms. They work with general education teachers to adapt lessons so that students with disabilities can more easily understand them.

Some special education teachers work with students who have moderate to severe disabilities. These teachers help students, who may be eligible for services until age 21, develop basic life skills. Some teach the skills necessary for students with moderate disabilities to live independently, find a job, and manage money and their time. For more information about other workers who help individuals with disabilities develop skills necessary to live independently, see the profiles on occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants and aides.

Special education teachers held about 476,300 jobs in 2021. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up special education teachers was distributed as follows:

The largest employers of special education teachers were as follows:

A small number of special education teachers work with students in residential facilities, hospitals, and the students’ homes. They may travel to these locations. Some teachers work with infants and toddlers at the child’s home. They teach the child’s parents ways to help the child develop skills.

Helping students with disabilities may be rewarding. It also can be stressful, emotionally demanding, and physically draining.

Work Schedules

Special education teachers typically work during school hours. In addition to providing instruction during this time, they grade papers, update students’ records, and prepare lessons. They may meet with parents, students, and other teachers or specialists before and after classes.

Many work the traditional 10-month school year and have a 2-month break during the summer. They also have a short midwinter break. Some teachers work in summer programs.

Teachers in districts with a year-round schedule typically work 9 weeks in a row and then are on break for 3 weeks.

Special education teachers in public schools are required to have at least a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification or license. Private schools typically require teachers to have a bachelor’s degree, but the teachers are not required to be licensed or certified.

All states require special education teachers in public schools to have at least a bachelor's degree. Some require teachers to earn a degree specifically in special education. Others allow them to major in education or a content area, such as mathematics or science, and pursue a minor in special education.

In a program leading to a bachelor’s degree in special education, prospective teachers learn about the different types of disabilities and how to present information so that students will understand. Programs typically include a student-teaching program, in which prospective teachers work with a mentor and get experience instructing students in a classroom setting. To become fully certified, states may require special education teachers to complete a master’s degree in special education after obtaining a job.

Private schools typically require teachers to have at least a bachelor’s degree in special education.

Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations

All states require teachers in public schools to be licensed in the specific grade level that they teach. A license frequently is referred to as a certification. Those who teach in private schools typically do not need to be licensed.

Requirements for certification or licensure can vary by state but generally involve the following:

• A bachelor’s degree with a minimum grade point average
• Completion of a student-teaching program
• Passing a background check
• Passing a general teaching certification test, as well as a test that demonstrates knowledge of the subject the candidate will teach

For information about teacher preparation programs and certification requirements, visit  Teach.org  or contact your state’s board of education.

All states offer an alternative route to certification or licensure for people who already have a bachelor’s degree. These alternative programs cover teaching methods and child development. Candidates are awarded full certification after they complete the program. Other alternative programs require prospective teachers to take classes in education before they can start to teach. Teachers may be awarded a master’s degree after completing either type of program.

Advancement

Experienced teachers may advance to become mentors who help less experienced teachers improve their instructional skills. They also may become lead teachers.

Teachers may become school counselors, instructional coordinators, and elementary, middle, and high school principals. These positions generally require additional education, an advanced degree, or certification. An advanced degree in education administration or leadership may be helpful.

Special education teachers typically have an interest in the Creating and Helping interest areas, according to the Holland Code framework. The Creating interest area indicates a focus on being original and imaginative, and working with artistic media. The Helping interest area indicates a focus on assisting, serving, counseling, or teaching other people.

If you are not sure whether you have a Creating or Helping interest which might fit with a career as a special education teacher, you can take a career test to measure your interests.

Special education teachers should also possess the following specific qualities:

Communication skills. Special education teachers discuss student’s needs and performances with general education teachers, parents, and administrators. They also explain difficult concepts in terms that students with learning disabilities can understand.

Critical-thinking skills. Special education teachers assess students’ progress and use that information to adapt lessons to help them learn.

Interpersonal skills. Special education teachers regularly work with general education teachers, school counselors, administrators, and parents to develop Individualized Education Programs. As a result, they need to be able to build positive working relationships.

Patience. Working with students with special needs and different abilities can be difficult. Special education teachers should be patient with each student, as some may need the instruction given aloud, at a slower pace, or in writing.                                  

Resourcefulness. Special education teachers must develop different ways to present information in a manner that meets the needs of their students. They also help general education teachers adapt their lessons to the needs of students with disabilities.

The median annual wage for special education teachers was $61,820 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $46,180, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $100,040.

Median annual wages for special education teachers in May 2021 were as follows:

In May 2021, the median annual wages for special education teachers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Overall employment of special education teachers is projected to grow 4 percent from 2021 to 2031, about as fast as the average for all occupations.

About 37,600 openings for special education teachers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire. 

Demand for special education teachers will be driven by school enrollments and the need for special education services.

Demand for these teachers and services should rise as disabilities are being identified earlier and as children with disabilities are enrolled into special education programs.

Federal laws require that every state must maintain the same level of financial support for special education every year. However, employment growth of special education teachers may depend on funding availability.

For more information about special education teachers, visit

Council for Exceptional Children

Personnel Improvement Center

National Association of Special Education Teachers

For more information about teaching and becoming a teacher, visit

American Federation of Teachers

National Education Association

Where does this information come from?

The career information above is taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook . This excellent resource for occupational data is published by the U.S. Department of Labor every two years. Truity periodically updates our site with information from the BLS database.

I would like to cite this page for a report. Who is the author?

There is no published author for this page. Please use citation guidelines for webpages without an author available. 

I think I have found an error or inaccurate information on this page. Who should I contact?

This information is taken directly from the Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Truity does not editorialize the information, including changing information that our readers believe is inaccurate, because we consider the BLS to be the authority on occupational information. However, if you would like to correct a typo or other technical error, you can reach us at [email protected] .

I am not sure if this career is right for me. How can I decide?

There are many excellent tools available that will allow you to measure your interests, profile your personality, and match these traits with appropriate careers. On this site, you can take the Career Personality Profiler assessment, the Holland Code assessment, or the Photo Career Quiz .

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A special education teacher works with students who have physical, mental or social difficulties. The job requires a background in many disabilities so the teacher can build bonds of trust in students. That bond helps teachers develop students’ academic and life skills.

If you’re a special education teacher, your work day might include activities like these:

• Scheduling an after-school parent conference and pulling together recent data so you can talk about the child’s improvement. You might make notes advising the parents on how to work with their child.
• Working with an 8-year-old who has cerebral palsy who needs help with motor skills and eating skills.
• Teaching three children who have learning disabilities together in a circle, since their skills are roughly equal.
• Helping a high school student who has a speech impediment learn to improve his diction.
• Providing a quiet, structured learning environment to a middle-school student who has a sensory-processing challenge.
• Co-teaching a kindergarten class where several students have been diagnosed with ADHD.

This article describes many aspects of being a special education teacher from elementary through high school. It includes salary and job prospects, a job description, personality characteristics that point to job satisfaction, and resources that can help you advance in a special education career.

At-a-glance > Who makes a good special education teacher?

Teaching at the various levels > Elementary school > Middle school > High school

Professional development > Continuing education > Professional associations

Related careers > Jobs beyond teaching

Best of the Web > Sites and Twitter handles to follow

At-a-glance: special education teachers

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

A teaching degree plus a special education specialty is required for work in public schools.

Special education teachers also work in colleges and universities with students who are pursuing degrees. Most colleges require teachers to hold at least a master’s degree.

Who makes a good special education teacher?

Someone who is:

• Compassionate
• Well organized

If these traits describe you, then a special education career could be your calling. People who are committed to enriching the lives of children with disabilities and who can deal with lots of paperwork may have what it takes to succeed as a special education teacher.

Before you devote your life to this career, keep in mind that you may end up spending most of your time working one-on-one with students in specially designed classrooms. You’ll need to be comfortable doing your job without other adult colleagues around. Think about whether that appeals to you.

Special education teachers work so closely with students that they can become more emotionally involved than other teachers might. Letting go of these emotional ties is tough enough when a child moves to another school, but it can be excruciating at times (like when a student has a terminal illness).

Special education teacher job description

Special education teachers work with students who have mild to moderate disabilities, such as speech and vision problems, limited motor skills, sensory-processing difficulties or some combination of these. A special education teacher, also known as a special needs teacher, evaluates individual students and then revises the standard curriculum to match each child’s functionality or skill level.

Special education teachers collaborate with other teachers, therapists, supervisors and parents to ensure the curriculum is appropriate and that the student is improving. The job requires filling out many forms, including results of testing and notes on student improvements and special challenges.

The special education teacher uses several standard techniques, including one-on-one instruction, imitation, repetition and problem solving.

Teaching at various levels

Elementary special education teachers.

Elementary special education teachers teach, coach and often mentor disabled children. They also evaluate children’s skills and functionality, and modify existing standard courseware to meet individual needs. Because elementary school is often the child’s first experience with group learning, special education teachers may work more on social skills with those who are more severely disabled. Continue reading to learn more about elementary school special education teachers

What elementary special education teachers do

Educational and certification requirements, salary and employment projections.

• Pros and cons of being an elementary special education teacher

Elementary special education teachers teach either in a regular classroom or a specially designed classroom, depending on the severity of their students’ disabilities. The special education teacher may be required to teach life skills or social skills, as well as academic coursework. The day-to-day duties include:

• Testing students with disabilities using standard techniques
• Evaluating disabled students to determine their skill level and functionality
• Modifying curriculum to match each disabled student’s abilities
• Co-teaching with regular teachers when required
• Meeting parents and others to review goals and assess progress
• Creating materials to assist in teaching

Elementary school special education teachers who work in public schools are required to have a bachelor’s degree and a teaching certificate issued from the state where they teach.

Part of the bachelor’s degree work for special education teachers includes:

• Identifying disabilities
• Learning techniques for teaching those who have a certain disability
• Testing current skills and disabilities
• Evaluating improvements

At the elementary school level, a master’s degree is a bonus.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median salary for elementary special education teachers is $55,810. More estimates:

• PayScale.com: $43,554 (median)
• Glassdoor.com: $53,939 (average)
• Salary.com: $51,692 (median)

The BLS job-growth projection is 6 percent.

Pros and cons of being an elementary school special education teacher

As with any jobs, there are pluses and minuses to being an elementary school special education teacher.

• You can help improve the life of someone who is disabled.
• It is highly rewarding.
• You may develop a close working relationship with the student.
• You will work with a group of professionals who are dedicated to helping one person thrive.
• It is easy to become emotionally attached to a student.
• Your mission as a teacher may conflict with parents’ goals for the student.
• There is a tremendous amount of paperwork associated with each disabled student.

Middle school special education teachers

Middle school special education teachers sometimes teach at a higher level than elementary special education teachers do. If the students are severely challenged, however, the training may not change. Continue reading to learn more about middle school special education teachers

What middle school special education teachers do

Pros and cons of being a middle school special education teacher.

Middle school special education teachers work with students who have disabilities, but may have already had some remedial training in elementary school. Depending on the severity of the disability, students may be further along in their life skills and may have improved functionality. Therefore, special education teachers are often working to increase social or developmental skills, as well as academic knowledge.

During middle school, a student may be emotionally or physically prepared to integrate into a normal classroom. The special education teacher helps with the transition and supports the special needs student after the transition.

Teachers also may be called on to evaluate sports options appropriate for their charges.

As with other teaching positions, a special education teacher requires at least a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued teaching credential. Some states require a master’s degree to obtain a teaching credential. Student teaching is often also required.

A master’s degree in special education may include courses such as:

• Learning how to identify disabilities
• Managing different types of behavioral problems
• Collaborating with administration, parents, agencies, and other professionals
• Creating an atmosphere conducive to learning
• Principles of psychology and teaching for exceptional students
• Current trends in special education

According to the BLS, the median salary of a middle school special education teacher is $57,280. Other estimates:

• PayScale.com $44,832 (median)
• Glassdoor.com: $54,329 (average)

BLS job-growth projection is 6 percent.

The rewards of being a middle school special education teacher are substantial. But there are also some downsides.

Here are some of each:

• Helping disabled children do something special that most children take for granted
• Working on your own
• Getting to know students well and building a bond of trust
• Conducting a lot of testing to evaluate improvement
• Doing a lot of paperwork required by administration
• Difficulty in letting go emotionally, especially if you are seeing real improvement while working with a student

High school special education teachers

High school special education teachers work with disabled students in grades 9-12, including testing and evaluating each student. Based on their recommendations, class work is modified to suit each student. Continue reading to learn more about high school special education teachers

• What high school special education teachers do
• Pros and cons of being a high school teacher

What do high school special education teachers do?

High school special education teachers teach both life skills and academic course work. Depending on the severity of the handicap, special education teachers may either teach in a separate classroom or co-teach with a regular teacher in a standard classroom.

High school special education teachers often recommend activities that parents can do with the child to help improve skills and functionality.

To become a special education teacher at the high school level, you must have at least a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued teaching license. Many schools require a master’s degree in special education.

Depending on the specialization within special education, the teacher may take additional courses to work with students who have autism or who are deaf or blind.

Many states also require student teaching to obtain a teaching certificate.

High school special education teachers earn an average salary of $58,500, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Other estimates:

• Glassdoor.com: $60,715 (average)
• RileyGuide.com: $56,630 (average)

Pros and cons of being a high school special education teacher

High school special education teachers face many challenges and difficulties.

• It can be very gratifying to break through a barrier that has been holding a student back.
• Because you work so closely with a child for so long, you really get to know and understand them.
• You get to work with many professionals who are dedicated to helping a child improve.
• It can be very stressful trying to work with a student, especially if the student is combative and uncooperative.
• If the student is physically handicapped, trying to move them or help them can require a great deal of physical strength.
• If the student is socially challenged, trying to help them transition into society can be difficult.

Professional development for special education teachers

Continuing education.

Once you have your degree and teaching credentials, you can expand your teaching horizons through continuing education options such as:

• Board Certification in Special Education: This certification from the American Academy of Special Education Professionals (AASEP) teaches a national standard for professionals who work with children who have learning disabilities.
• Additional certifications: Special education teachers can receive certification in additional areas such as learning challenges or behavioral disabilities.
• Master’s degree: Occupational therapists, speech therapists and physical therapists must earn a master’s degree to be certified.
• PhD in education: Teachers aiming to become leaders and top-level administrators in special education will find this degree invaluable.

Professional associations

These professional associations serve special education teachers:

• National Association of Special Education Teachers
• Council for Exceptional Children
• Learning Disabilities Association of America

Related careers

A special education teacher can find many jobs outside the traditional classroom, such as:

• Applied Behavior Analysis Therapist: Works one-on-one with people to assess behavior and skill levels, collaborating with care managers and family to drive improvements.
• Board Certified Behavior Analyst: Works with more severely handicapped patients to test their behavioral levels and creates plans to help patients reach specific goals. Provides recommendations to staff and family.
• Director of Student Support: Hires and develops special education instructors. Evaluates instructors. Creates strategic plans to meet ambitious goals for the school or facility.
• Vocational Counselors: Helps students find jobs that are suitable for their disabilities.

Best of the Web

Favorite special education teacher websites.

• TeacherVision : Lesson plans, printables and professional advice on managing special needs children.
• Special Education Network : Hundreds of resources for special needs teachers, parents of special needs children, and access to advocacy organizations and disability referral sites.
• The National Association of Special Education Teachers : NASET is a professional organization designed to provide support and up-to-date information to special education teachers working in the U.S.
• Special Education Resources for General Educators : SERGE uses standards implemented by the Model Standards for Licensing General and Special Education Teachers of Students with Disabilities to continue providing activities and information to teachers who must address special student needs in the classroom.

Blogs to follow

• One-Room Schoolhouse
• Extra Special Teaching
• Teaching Special Thinkers
• Primarily Au-Some

Who to follow on Twitter

• @AstuteHoot
• @WeTeachSped
• @JenLaviano
• @speciallearning

Websites for students with disabilities

• Learning Ally : Over 100 audiobooks for dyslexic learners.
• LD Online : The students section, under “Kids’ Voices,” connects students with others who learn differently, too.
• WhizKid Games : Follow the friendly dinosaur to discover new fun games that focus on skills required especially of students with learning disabilities.
• Do2Learn : Another great site that encourages students with social skills and behavior regulation activities.

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What Does a Special Education Teacher Do?

For millions of students around the country, special education teachers make a huge difference in their lives.

What is a special education teacher?

Special education teachers are caring and highly trained professionals who help students with developmental, physical and behavioral/emotional needs. These needs include mild or moderate learning disabilities that create academic challenges while still allowing students to function as normal in other areas. Students with severe or profound disabilities are more dependent, and may have little ability to communicate or physically function without assistance. For some of these students, learning life skills becomes a greater need than learning academic content. 1

Become a Special Education Teacher

Many special education teachers pursue certification in a particular subfield of special education. These subfields include:

Early childhood

The early childhood special education certification enables teachers to work with preschool and younger children with a variety of special needs.

Physical and health impairment

This special education teacher certification works with children who have physical impairments (such as muscular dystrophy) or health impairments (like epilepsy) which may impair learning.

Visual impairment

This certification qualifies special educators to teach students who are blind or partially blind, and help them read and write in Braille and develop spatial awareness.

Deaf and hard of hearing

To become certified to teach students with hearing loss, the Special Ed teacher must be proficient in sign language and even lip reading.

Mild/moderate disabilities

This certification allows teachers to work with special education students who have developmental, emotional, behavioral or health challenges, but who integrate well into traditional classrooms with resource support. 

Moderate/severe disabilities

With this certification, teachers are equipped to aid students with more challenging conditions such as autism, severe emotional disturbance, and multiple disabilities like deaf/blindness.

Although most special education teachers are qualified to work with ages up to 22, their respective teaching positions usually limit them to elementary, middle or high school ages. Within their schools, special educators support student learning in various ways. Many of these duties are the same things that general educators do: plan and present lessons according to state standards, continuously assess students’ understanding of class content, reteach if necessary, monitor student progress, and maintain a gradebook. But a typical special education teacher job description includes some key distinctions.

Much of what special education teachers do revolves around Individual Education Programs, or IEPs. In general, an IEP is a personalized plan for each public school student with special needs. It lists a student’s annual academic and behavioral goals, and the educational resources and services that he or she will receive. For each academic subject, and even for school-sponsored extracurricular activities, the IEP shows any and all accommodations that the student must receive. Accommodations are meant to level the playing field to allow students with special needs to be successful. Common accommodations include providing print-outs of class notes rather than requiring a student to copy them out by hand, allowing extra time to complete assignments, and reducing the number of homework questions.

Here are some of the things that a special education teacher may do on a regular basis. 

Develop and Maintain IEPs

When it’s determined that a student qualifies for special education, a team begins meeting to develop a custom IEP that meets that student’s needs. The IEP team is made up of the student, his or her parents, the special education teacher, at least one of the student’s regular classroom teachers, and other specialists and administrators. This team meets throughout the year to discuss the student’s progress and whether the IEP needs to be adjusted in any way. Although every member of the team contributes to the document’s development, the special education teacher provides unique input about special needs, learning strategies, modifications and implementation.

Provide Individualized Instruction

All students, whether or not they have special needs, learn in different ways. So all teachers must be able to discern these learning differences, devise an individualized education plan and modify lessons to suit their particular groups of students. But teaching students with disabilities and special learning needs – from autism to visual impairment – requires unique training that most general teachers do not receive. It also includes the use of assistive and adaptive technologies that help students overcome physical or cognitive limitations. Depending on the teaching position, special educators may instruct small groups of students or work one on one. At times special needs students may be pulled out of their general education classes for individual work or therapy – such as speech – with the special education teacher.

Adapt Curriculum

A student’s academic goals must be both challenging and achievable. Part of individualized education program involves adapting the subject curriculum for each student based on the requirements of his or her IEP. Adaptations come in many forms, such as altering classroom seating, providing graphic organizers and other visual aids during presentations, adjusting the duration of activities, allowing verbal rather than written responses, highlighting text and adjusting font size for visibility, and simplifying wording.

Assess Student Performance

Even though they may also be adapted to meet students’ needs, assessments are ongoing. They can be as informal as students holding a thumb up or down to show their understanding, or as formal as a statewide end-of-course exam. Assessments are how special educators monitor students’ progress and know whether they are meeting their annual IEP goals.

Collaborate with Classroom Teachers

Special educators are responsible for distributing IEPs to their schools’ general education teachers, and making sure those teachers understand the IEP requirements and how best to implement the modifications. The special education teacher may also visit the classroom to give the special needs student extra guidance. This sometimes looks like “team teaching,” where the regular classroom teacher presents a lesson and the special education teacher follows up with the student to check for understanding.

Meet with Parents

Because of the extra monitoring and individual attention that many of their students require, the special educator typically communicates with parents more often than the average general education teacher would.

Oversee Resource Aides

Many schools have one or two special education teachers on staff and several resource aides who work closely with those teachers. Because special education teachers often have heavy caseloads, aides are sometimes assigned tasks like physically assisting students with limited mobility, providing help on assignments, and preparing materials for the special education classroom.

Manage the Classroom

Just like their general education colleagues, teachers must maintain orderly and efficient special education classrooms by establishing expectations and procedures. Along with behavior goals as specified in IEPs, teachers proactively create behavior intervention plans that outline what to do when a student disrupts and how to positively reinforce good behavior.

A good teacher is someone who has an interest in helping special education students and adolescents, understand the needs of those with physical and learning disabilities, and is patient and level-headed in stressful situations. 2 It’s a job full of both rewards and challenges. The number of students, the amount of paperwork required, and having to deal with ongoing behavioral issues are all challenges that can lead a teacher to feel burned out. However, teachers who spend their entire careers in special education services and see the difference they’ve made in students’ lives know that the rewards can be great.

Related - Considering a Career in Special Education

So how do you become qualified to teach special education?

Get Your Teaching Credentials Today

Common Teaching Roles of a Special Educator

• Literacy and Reading Specialist
• English Language and Arts Specialist
• Elementary Education Teacher
• Secondary Teacher
• Health and Wellness Instructor
• Math Teacher
• History and Social Sciences Educator
• Language Instructor

Becoming a Special Education Teacher

Teaching elementary school or secondary public school requires at least a bachelor’s degree and a teaching certificate. This shows that you’re competent in your subject area and have completed a teacher preparation program. You can get training in special education by majoring or minoring in the degree. Some colleges and universities offer a dual major that combines elementary and special education with teacher preparation. These programs include courses on educational philosophy, human development, and strategies for teaching elementary English, math, science and history. Courses also cover diversity, classroom management, and assessments and behavior strategies in special education.

If you already have a bachelor’s degree in a non-education field, you can become qualified through a credential program in special education. One option is the Preliminary Credential in Education Specialist Instruction, Mild/Moderate Disabilities. This program includes coursework in behavior support, technology, curriculum and instruction, assessment and evaluation, and teaching English language learners. It also includes options for classroom experience, from traditional student teaching to a salaried internship.

Many students preparing for a special education teacher career turn to the California School of Education at Alliant International University. The Alliant California teaching credential programs combine online coursework with the hands-on classroom experience you need to become a licensed educator. To learn more about the special education programs, contact Alliant  today at (844) 582-4927. 

• CareerExplorer, “What Does a Special Education Teacher Do?,” CareerExplorer (CareerExplorer), accessed November 23, 2021, https://www.careerexplorer.com/careers/special-education-teacher/ .
• “Special Education Teacher.” Truity. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.truity.com/career-profile/special-education-teacher.&nbsp ;
• “Special Education Teachers : Occupational Outlook Handbook.” U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/special-educatio… ;

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Special Education Teacher Job Description

Special education teachers facilitate lessons with students who have physical, intellectual, emotional, and/or learning disabilities.

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Special Education Teacher Job Description Template

We are looking for a compassionate special education teacher with experience teaching students with special needs. The ideal candidate will be patient, innovative, and organized.

To be successful as a special education teacher you should be committed to helping students, offering support to overcome practical obstacles to their learning.

Special Education Teacher Responsibilities:

• Facilitating lessons in a manner that will be effective despite a student's disability.
• Providing support for students both academically and personally where necessary.
• Respecting students and treating them with dignity in the learning environment.
• Preparing lessons in advance with the needs of learners in mind.
• Designing activities to achieve the learning goals of the students.

Special Education Teacher Requirements:

• A bachelor's degree in education.
• Previous experience working with students with special needs.
• Excellent verbal and written communication skills.
• Knowledge of teaching practices for students with special needs.
• Specialization in Special Education would be advantageous.

Related Articles:

Special education teacher interview questions, learning specialist job description, learning specialist interview questions, teacher job description, teacher interview questions.

The Role of Special Education Teachers in Promoting an Inclusive Classroom

The adoption of inclusive education strategies—where special education students are immersed in classrooms with typically developing peers—has increased rapidly in recent decades. More than 60 percent of students with disabilities spend at least 80 percent of their school day in general education classrooms, according to the US National Center for Education Statistics.

Studies have shown that inclusive learning benefits all students in the classroom by providing thoughtful, personalized instruction and promoting individuality and equity. A student with autism might feel calmer when surrounded by a diverse peer group, while a nondisabled student might learn how to form positive relationships with a greater variety of children.

Establishing a successful integrated learning environment is a complex task involving teachers, administrators, and families. Special education and general education teachers often work together to develop a curriculum and create a positive student culture. In an inclusive classroom, special education teachers have the essential role of ensuring that students with disabilities or special needs receive a quality education.

Why Adopt Inclusive Learning?

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) states that students with individual education plans (IEPs) must be educated in the least-restrictive environments (LREs) available. Under IDEA, inclusive education (or mainstreaming) has become a standard operating procedure for US public schools. Students with IEPs can range from individuals with Down syndrome or forms of autism to those with speech impediments or dyslexia—all of which require varying levels of support.

Under IDEA, if a differently abled student’s needs can be met in a general classroom, with or without the support of a special education teacher or paraprofessional, they must be educated in that environment. When needs are not fully met in a general classroom, some students spend part of their days in a resource room or in pullout sessions, while others are educated entirely in a special education classroom.

While there is some debate about whether inclusive instruction is the best way to serve students with disabilities, there is mounting evidence that inclusive learning improves educational outcomes. Inclusive educational settings lead to stronger math and reading skills, higher attendance and graduation rates, and fewer behavioral problems, according to an evaluation of more than 280 studies from 25 countries by Abt Associates. In addition to promoting academic success for students with disabilities, inclusive learning can help improve social cognition in typically developing students.

Role of Special Education Teachers in Inclusive Classrooms

For inclusion to show positive benefits, the learning environment and instructional models must be carefully established to provide strong learning opportunities for all students. Special education and general education teachers must have mutual respect and open minds toward the philosophy of inclusion, as well as strong administrative support and knowledge of how to meet the needs of students with disabilities. The involvement of a special education teacher is crucial to the success of a combined learning environment in a number of areas:

Curriculum Design

Special education teachers help craft the lessons for inclusive classrooms to ensure that the needs of students with disabilities are considered. Teachers may work together to develop a curriculum that is accessible to all students, or the special education teacher might make modifications to the general education teacher’s lesson plans. A special education teacher will also create supplemental learning materials for specific students, including visual, manipulative, text, and technology resources, and determine when one-on-one lessons might be needed.

Teachers must examine students’ strengths, weaknesses, interests, and communication methods when crafting lessons. The students’ IEPs must be carefully followed to meet achievement goals. As many general education teachers have limited training in inclusive learning, it is important for the special education teacher to help the instructor understand why certain accommodations are needed and how to incorporate them.

Classroom Instruction

Many inclusive classrooms are based on a co-teaching model, where both teachers are present all day. Others use a push-in model, where special education teachers provide lessons at certain times during the day. It takes extensive cooperation between general and special education teachers to implement a truly inclusive classroom. Special education teachers often sit with or near students with IEPs to monitor their progress and provide any special instructions or supplemental learning materials. Students require varying levels of individual instruction and assistance, based on their unique needs.

Teachers might also pull students out of the classroom for one-on-one lessons or sensory activities, or arrange for time with counselors, speech therapists, dyslexia coaches, and other specialized personnel. Special education instructors may need to make sure that paraprofessionals or therapists are present in the classroom at certain times to assist the students. To help maintain a positive climate, they also might assist the general education teacher in presenting lessons to the entire class, grading papers, enforcing rules, and other classroom routines. General and special education teachers might break classes into smaller groups or stations to provide greater engagement opportunities.

Learning Assessments

Another role of special education teachers in inclusive classrooms is to conduct regular assessments to determine whether students are achieving academic goals. Lessons must be periodically evaluated to determine whether they are sufficiently challenging without overwhelming the students. Students should gain a feeling of self-confidence and independence in general education settings but should also feel sufficiently supported. Special education teachers also organize periodic IEP meetings with each student, their family, and certain staff members to determine whether adjustments need to be made to the student’s plan.

Advocating for Students

Special education teachers serve as advocates for students with disabilities and special needs. This includes ensuring that all school officials and employees understand the importance of inclusion and how to best implement inclusion in all campus activities. Advocacy might include requesting inclusion-focused professional development activities—especially programs that help general education teachers better understand inclusion best practices—or providing information to community members about success rates of inclusive teaching.

Communication with parents is also essential for inclusive classroom success. Families should receive regular updates on a child’s academic, social, and emotional development through phone calls, emails, and other communication means. Parents can help students prepare for classroom routines. Expectations for homework and classroom participation should be established early on.

Learn More About Inclusive Education

Special education and general education teachers can develop a greater understanding of inclusive learning and other progressive teaching methods by pursuing an advanced education degree. American University’s School of Education gives students the skills to drive meaningful change in educational environments. The school’s Master of Education in Education Policy and Leadership and Master of Arts in Teaching degrees prepare teachers to take on transformative leadership roles and create equitable learning environments for all students.

Disproportionality in Special Education: Impact on Student Performance and How Administrators Can Help

What Is Holistic Education? Understanding the History, Methods, and Benefits

What Is Lunch Shaming? How Accessibility to Lunch Impacts Student Learning

Abt Associates, “A Summary of the Evidence on Inclusive Education”

ASCD InService, “Inclusive Classrooms: Looking at Special Education Today”

Houston Chronicle, “The Role of a Special Ed Teacher in an Inclusion Classroom”

EducationNext, “Has Inclusion Gone Too Far?”

Education Week, “Students with Disabilities Deserve Inclusion. It’s Also the Best Way to Teach”

Noodle, “The Benefits of Inclusive Education: What Special Education Teachers Need to Know”

Understood, “4 Benefits of Inclusive Classrooms”

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Essential Requirements and Skills for a Special Education Director: A Deep Dive

Introduction

The role of a Special Education Director plays a vital role in ensuring the success and well-being of students with special needs and learning differences. As a key leader within the field of special education, the Special Education Director oversees and manages various aspects of special education programs, policies, and services. Given the critical nature of this position, it is imperative for individuals in the role of Special Education Director to meet specific requirements and possess a distinct set of essential skills.

In this blog, we will explore the responsibilities and requirements of a Special Education Director in depth. By understanding the significance of this role and the necessary qualifications, we can appreciate the immense impact these professionals play in building education teams of dedicated professionals who work together to foster an inclusive and supportive educational environment for students with special needs. By leveraging their expertise and skills, Special Education Directors collaborate with administrators, teachers, school psychologists , support staff, outside service providers, and parents to ensure that students receive the specialized services and accommodations they require for optimal learning and development.

Understanding the Role of a Special Education Director

A Special Education Director holds a multifaceted and complex role that encompasses various responsibilities and duties within the realm of special education. Their primary objective is to ensure the provision of quality education and support services to students with special needs.

In this section, we will delve into the specific responsibilities and duties that fall under the purview of a Special Education Director. From overseeing Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and coordinating specialized services to ensuring compliance with legal regulations and fostering collaboration among educators, the Special Education Director plays a critical role in promoting the success and well-being of students with special needs.

Special Education Directors have a profound impact on students, teachers, and the overall special education program. Their expertise and leadership contribute to the development of inclusive learning environments, effective instructional practices, and the implementation of evidence-based interventions. By championing the rights of students with special needs and learning differences, collaborating with teachers and support staff, and shaping the overall direction of the special education program, Special Education Directors have a transformative influence on the educational experiences and outcomes of students.

The roles and responsibilities of a Special Education Director encompass a wide range of essential tasks that contribute to the provision of inclusive and quality education for students with special needs. Some key areas of focus include:

• Overseeing the development and implementation of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with special needs.
• Coordinating and monitoring specialized services, accommodations, and interventions to meet students' unique learning requirements.
• Ensuring compliance with legal regulations and guidelines related to special education, such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) .
• Collaborating with teachers, support staff, and administrators to foster an inclusive and supportive learning environment for students with special needs.
• Providing professional development opportunities and training for educators to enhance their understanding of special education practices.
• Assessing student progress and making data-driven decisions to improve instructional strategies and interventions.
• Advocating for students with special needs and their families, ensuring their rights are protected and their voices are heard.
• Managing and allocating resources effectively to support the special education program.
• Developing and maintaining partnerships with community organizations, agencies, and outside service providers to enhance support services for students with special needs.
• Keeping up-to-date with research and best practices in special education to inform decision-making and program development.

Essential Requirements for a Special Education Director

A. education and certification.

To become a Special Education Director, certain educational qualifications and certifications are required. These requirements ensure that candidates have the necessary knowledge and expertise to effectively lead and manage special education programs and team members. The following points outline the essential requirements in this area:

1. Educational Qualifications: A master's degree in special education, educational leadership, or a closely related field is often required. This advanced degree equips individuals with a deep understanding of special education practices, policies, and strategies. It provides the foundation for effectively overseeing and improving special education programs.

2. Special Education Expertise : In addition to a master's degree, candidates should possess specialized knowledge in the field of special education. This includes a comprehensive understanding of individualized education plans (IEPs) , instructional strategies for students with disabilities and learning differences, behavior management techniques, and relevant laws and regulations.

3. Certification and Licensure : Special Education Directors are typically required to hold specific certifications or licenses. These certifications vary by state and jurisdiction but often include credentials such as a Special Education Administrator certification or Principal certification with a specialization in special education. These certifications validate the director's competence and adherence to professional standards in special education administration.

B. Experience in Special Education

Having relevant experience in special education is crucial for a Special Education Director. Practical experience in teaching or administrative roles within special education provides valuable insights into the unique challenges and needs of students with disabilities. The following points emphasize the importance of experience in this field:

1. Practical Understanding : Relevant experience in the field of special education enables directors to develop a practical understanding of the diverse needs of students with disabilities and learning differences. Through direct interaction with students, teachers, and families, they gain insights into the individualized support required to foster academic, social, and emotional growth.

2. Knowledge of Best Practices : Working in special education allows directors to familiarize themselves with evidence-based instructional strategies , interventions, and accommodations that are effective in meeting the needs of students with disabilities. This hands-on experience enhances their ability to guide and support teachers in implementing effective teaching methods.

3. Collaborative Approach : Experience in special education fosters a collaborative mindset and strengthens the ability to work effectively with diverse stakeholders. Directors with practical experience understand the importance of collaboration among educators, parents, therapists, and other professionals to create a cohesive and inclusive educational environment.

4. Problem-Solving Skills : Through their time in the field, Special Education Directors develop strong problem-solving skills. They encounter various challenges in managing special education programs, such as addressing individual student needs, adapting curriculum, and ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. Their experience equips them with the ability to analyze complex situations and make informed decisions.

5. Empathy and Advocacy : A background in special education cultivates empathy for students with disabilities and their families. Directors who have worked directly with these students understand their unique strengths, challenges, and aspirations. This empathy drives their commitment to advocating for inclusive educational practices and equitable opportunities for all students.

C. Knowledge of Laws and Regulations

Being well-versed in federal and state laws pertaining to special education is essential for a Special Education Director. Understanding the legal framework ensures compliance and upholds the rights of students with disabilities. The following points highlight the significance of this knowledge:

1. Compliance and Accountability : Special Education Directors must navigate a complex landscape of laws and regulations to ensure compliance with federal and state requirements. They need to be familiar with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) , a federal law that guarantees the provision of appropriate services and supports to eligible students with disabilities. Additionally, knowledge of state-specific laws ensures adherence to local regulations and guidelines.

2. Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) : Knowledge of laws and regulations enables directors to oversee the development and implementation of Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) effectively. They must understand the legal requirements for developing IEPs, including the identification of a student's unique needs, appropriate goals and objectives, and the provision of necessary services and accommodations.

3. Due Process and Dispute Resolution : Special Education Directors need to understand the procedures and safeguards associated with due process and dispute resolution. This includes knowledge of mediation, impartial hearings, and the rights of parents and students in the special education process. By being well-versed in these areas, directors can ensure fairness and advocate for the best interests of students and their families.

4. Monitoring and Compliance Oversight : Directors are responsible for monitoring the implementation of special education programs to ensure compliance with laws and regulations. This includes overseeing procedural safeguards, ensuring the provision of required services and accommodations, and addressing any issues related to compliance. Knowledge of laws and regulations equips directors to fulfill this oversight role effectively.

5. Collaboration with Legal Professionals : Having knowledge of special education laws and regulations enables directors to collaborate effectively with legal professionals. This collaboration may involve seeking legal advice, interpreting complex legal language, and staying updated on any changes or updates in special education legislation.

D. Leadership and Communication Skills

To be an effective Special Education Director, possessing strong leadership and communication skills is essential. Leadership qualities such as vision, strategic thinking, and decision-making are crucial in overseeing a successful special education program and its team members. A Special Education Director should inspire and motivate staff, foster a positive and inclusive culture, and effectively manage resources. Additionally, excellent communication skills are paramount for collaborating with teachers, support staff, parents, and other stakeholders. Clear and open communication ensures effective teamwork, understanding of individual student needs, and alignment with the overall goals of the program. By exhibiting strong leadership and communication skills, a Special Education Director can create an environment that promotes student success and inclusive education.

Skills and Competencies for a Special Education Director

A. program development and management.

Being able to develop and implement effective special education programs is a key skill for a Special Education Director. This involves designing curriculum that addresses the unique needs of students with disabilities and learning differences, creating appropriate assessment strategies to monitor student progress , and evaluating program effectiveness. A director should possess the expertise to identify and implement evidence-based practices, ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations, and continuously improve the program to meet the evolving needs of students.

B. Team Building and Collaboration

Building a strong team of teachers and support staff is essential for a successful special education program. A Special Education Director should possess skills in selecting and hiring qualified professionals , fostering collaboration and effective communication among team members, and promoting a positive work environment. By cultivating a supportive and inclusive team culture, the Special Education Director can enhance the overall effectiveness and cohesion of the program.

C. Data Analysis and Decision-Making

The ability to analyze data and make informed decisions is crucial for a Special Education Director. By analyzing assessment results, student outcomes, and program data, they can identify areas of strength and areas for improvement. Data-driven decision-making allows the Special Education Director to implement targeted interventions, adjust instructional strategies, and allocate resources effectively. This skill is vital for continuously improving the quality of special education services and ensuring positive student outcomes. Here are key strategies to track and monitor data, driving program improvements and enhancing outcomes for students with special needs:

• Regularly collect and analyze assessment data to monitor student progress and identify areas of need.
• Utilize data visualization tools to present information in a clear and concise manner.
• Collaborate with teachers and support staff to interpret data and develop action plans based on the findings.
• Use data to identify trends, patterns, and potential gaps in the special education program.
• Implement evidence-based practices supported by research and data analysis.
• Regularly evaluate the effectiveness of instructional strategies and interventions based on data outcomes.
• Utilize data to inform resource allocation and ensure efficient use of available resources.
• Stay updated on the latest research and best practices in special education to make informed decisions.
• Foster a culture of data-driven decision-making among the special education team.
• Continuously monitor and review data to measure the impact of interventions and make adjustments as needed.

D. Advocacy and Parent Engagement

A Special Education Director plays a pivotal role in advocating for students with disabilities and their families. They should possess strong advocacy skills to ensure that students' needs are met and their rights are protected. Building positive relationships with parents and engaging them in the educational process is also essential. By effectively communicating with parents, addressing their concerns, and involving them in decision-making, the Special Education Director can establish a collaborative partnership that supports student success and fosters a sense of inclusivity within the school community.

Becoming a successful Special Education Director requires meeting essential requirements and developing a range of key skills. From possessing the right education and certifications to gaining practical experience in special education, these qualifications lay the foundation for effective leadership. Additionally, a Special Education Director must excel in areas such as program development and management, team building and collaboration, data analysis and decision-making, as well as advocacy and parent engagement. By meeting these requirements and honing these skills, Special Education Directors can create inclusive and supportive environments, driving positive outcomes for students with special needs. Striving to meet these standards is vital for ensuring the success and well-being of every student in the special education program.

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Duties and Responsibilities of a Special Education Paraprofessional

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Interesting Facts About Being a Special Ed Teacher

The negatives of being a kindergarten teacher, characteristics of a special education teacher.

• Responsibility and List of Duties for an Assistant Teacher at a Preschool
• The Duties of a Remediation Teacher

Children with learning or physical disabilities often benefit from being included in regular classes in schools; however, successful integration may require additional support. Special education paraprofessionals are teachers' aides. They follow the instructions of class and special education teachers to help these children assimilate and learn alongside their peers. Special education paraprofessional job descriptions may vary, depending on the needs of the child and the school district.

Provide Learning Support

Special education paraprofessional roles and responsibilities center around helping children learn based on their individual abilities, as explained in the Huron School District guide for special education paraprofessionals. Children with disabilities may not learn at the same pace, or in the same way, as other children in their classes. Working with one child or a small group, you'll teach new lessons, reinforce previous ones with additional instruction and work on individualized study tasks, as directed by teachers. You may also check work, as well as administer and score tests. You'll also help children use books, resources and classroom equipment.

Assist with Daily Activities

Depending on the needs of your children, you may support them during play and other general activities in class and around the school. Children with mobility issues may need physical help getting into and out of school each day and assistance getting around during the day. Those with behavioral problems may need supervision during recess and lunch periods. Some children also have additional personal care needs, and it may be part of your job to help them manage toileting and eating, for example.

Record and Report Progress

You'll monitor and record evidence of children's learning and progress, giving regular reports to teachers. You must also inform teachers if you come across problems. Your understanding of the children you support is a valuable resource, and teachers may ask for your input into teaching strategies and planning. The Arc Minnesota indicates that paraprofessional duties include helping children reach goals identified in Individualized Education Program meetings and behavioral management planning. If the children in your care cannot use regular teaching materials, you'll modify them to match their abilities or create new ones. Clerical tasks might include keeping records and collecting data on children.

Maintain Confidentiality

You're responsible for ensuring that you meet any applicable federal or state regulations on confidentiality both in and out of school. This includes meeting the rules on student records and data outlined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act. Just talking about your students in a way that could identify them with people who do not have an educational connection with them might violate their rights to confidentiality, so you should avoid doing this.

Special Education Paraprofessional Salary

The average hourly wage earned by special education paraprofessionals is ​ $13.83 ​ based on 4,230 self-reported Pay Scale salaries as of February 2021. Wages range from ​ $10.25 ​ at the 10th percentile to ​ $18.97 ​ at the 90th percentile. Special education professionals with less than five years of experience average ​ $13.14. ​ Those who hit their five and 10 year milestones earn ​ $14.13 ​ and ​ $15.07 ​ per hour, respectively.

• PayScale.com: Special Education Paraprofessional Salary
• Huron School District: Tips for Special Education Paraprofessionals
• The Arc Minnesota: Arc Guide to Special Education Paraprofessional Aides

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Home » The Role of a Paraprofessional in Special Education

The Role of a Paraprofessional in Special Education

Special education has evolved tremendously over the last several decades, and that evolution has sparked the need for more professionals who can provide specific services to classroom students. 

A paraprofessional is one of those roles that is somewhat recent with roots in the 1960s . Still, these educators are pivotal to today’s general and special education classrooms, allowing students to communicate, learn, and thrive in their school environment. 

As a parent, you might be interested in understanding what paraprofessionals do and the role they play in your child’s classroom. I’ve compiled a helpful guide to introduce you to the paraprofessional role and dive into the many tasks they tackle each day.

A Guide to the Role of a Paraprofessional

What is a paraprofessional in special education, what does a paraprofessional help with, common tasks for paraprofessionals, the vital role of the paraprofessional.

Some schools swap the term paraprofessional for instructional aide, teachers assistants, or another title. Paraprofessional refers to educators who are not certified teachers but provide assistance to students in the classroom.

Paraprofessionals are not only found in special education, but schools use them frequently in this field. These professionals support a general or special education teacher with multiple classroom tasks, ensuring that each student is able to learn to the best of their ability. As such, the paraprofessional typically gets assigned to a classroom rather than one student or group of students. In unique circumstances, a paraprofessional may be assigned to one student if the need is indicated in the student’s IEP . 

In a special education classroom, the paraprofessional provides both individualized and group support to students. It’s the paraprofessional’s responsibility to follow through with the lead teacher’s lesson plans and activities, offering help to students, as needed, to complete assignments and understand instruction. The paraprofessional also helps teachers prepare for the day by organizing lesson plans and activities. 

Although paraprofessionals are not required to have teaching certification or licensure, they’re an integral part of the education system, especially the special education system. Teachers and students in special education rely on their extra set of hands, eyes, ears, and ideas to manage and support their classrooms.

The responsibilities of a paraprofessional can change from day to day based on what their specific classroom, teacher, and students need. They may provide support in each of the following areas:

Teacher Aid

One of the most important ways that paraprofessionals assist the classroom is by helping the special education teacher. The paraprofessional offers a hand in organizing and preparing materials for the day, going over IEPs and 504 plans to ensure that progress is being made toward goals, and setting up the classroom for productivity.

While the teacher instructs students through lessons, the paraprofessional may work with a small group of students who need extra help. They also walk around the classroom to assist students in assignment completion or test-taking. The paraprofessional and teacher together act as a team to offer as much support to students as possible, also allowing the teacher to focus on their primary responsibilities.

Educational Aid

A paraprofessional supports the classroom, and their support often goes to students who need extra help with assignments, tests, or understanding instruction. Paraprofessionals may oversee students during tests, offer additional instruction after the teacher completes their lesson, or help a group of students who need reading support complete their assignment.

As an educational assistant, the paraprofessional may also, under the guidance of the teacher, tweak lessons or activities for students with an IEP who need modifications or to work on a specific goal. Paraprofessionals in special education may spend some time each day working individually with students while the rest of the day is reserved for the classroom’s educational support.

Physical Aid

A special education classroom may have students with physical disabilities who need help moving from one area of the classroom to another, sitting up, eating, or writing. A paraprofessional can assist with physical tasks so that the teacher can focus on instruction. 

Safety is a priority for paraprofessionals in this area. Paraprofessionals keep an eye on students with physical disabilities to ensure that they’re safe and secure at all times, especially when using medical equipment. But they also must have a clear understanding of how to use the child’s special equipment and what the student’s physical needs are to assist them safely.

Behavioral Aid

Classrooms including students with behavioral needs can benefit from a paraprofessional’s extra set of hands, eyes, and ears. Paraprofessionals often become secondary observers in the classroom to keep students on task and prevent potential safety issues. They also might work with students with behavioral needs separately on some tasks that typically trigger specific behaviors from the student when in the usual classroom setting.

Paraprofessionals complete numerous tasks in the classroom by helping the teacher and students. Here, I detail the different kinds of tasks you might expect a paraprofessional to do in the classroom.

Paraprofessionals start most days by observing the classroom and students. Observance includes meeting with the teacher, reviewing the plan for the day, and learning what the teacher expects help with. The paraprofessional may also walk around to gauge the classroom climate and determine what students may need assistance with specific tasks.

Here are a few examples of paraprofessional observance tasks:

• The paraprofessional sees a group of students reading together and sits nearby with a notepad to jot down some questions to ask when they’re finished.
• During a classroom assignment, the paraprofessional sees a student having difficulty writing the letters “b” and “d” facing the right direction and reports the observation to the teacher.
• The paraprofessional circles the room during a period of test-taking to ensure that students stay on task. 
• After working one-on-one with a student on an IEP math goal, the paraprofessional reports on the child’s progress to the teacher.

Supportive tasks consume most of a paraprofessional’s day. These are the tasks where the paraprofessional physically assists the teacher and students with classwork, projects, and other tasks. Supportive tasks also include those that support the classroom as a whole, such as organizing activity bins for the following day or adding labels to classroom items and furniture.

These tasks can vary greatly with each classroom, teacher, and student. Here are some examples:

• After showing a shoe-tying video to a student, they tie their laces with little help. Then, the paraprofessional offers reinforcement.
• The paraprofessional assists students with a classroom project while the teacher finishes a child’s evaluation.
• Before class begins each day, the paraprofessional reminds students of the classroom expectations.
• A student arrives at school with a note from a parent saying that they struggled with their homework the previous night. The paraprofessional reads a book to the class while the teacher spends one-on-one time with the student reviewing the lesson from yesterday.

Communication

Paraprofessionals also assist in bridging communication gaps between teachers, students, schools, and parents or guardians. As an extra person in a classroom, the paraprofessional can ensure that each person is on the same page. Here’s how that might look in the classroom:

• The paraprofessional may attend a child’s IEP meeting with the special education teacher to provide extra insight.
• During instructional time, the paraprofessional walks around the room to ask if students have any additional questions or explain anything they don’t understand. 
• A paraprofessional with knowledge of a specific language, like Spanish or American Sign Language, interprets for English language learners or students hard-of-hearing.
• After a student completes their classroom assignment within the allotted time frame, the paraprofessional responds with reinforcement.

Virtual vs. Traditional Classrooms

Today’s modern classrooms look different than they did in the past. With some special education classrooms going virtual, the paraprofessional’s tasks remain the same, but the way the aide executes them can vary.

For instance, supportive tasks can be pretty challenging in a virtual classroom setting. Paraprofessionals can adapt by assisting learners one-on-one or in groups in breakout sessions. They also might provide help to students and families by gathering and offering digital resources or assist teachers with preparing digital resources and assignments for learners.

For some paraprofessionals, attending special education conferences and webinars could provide helpful skills for assisting in virtual classrooms.

Paraprofessionals are arguably some of the most integral people in the special education system. Not only do they provide an incredible amount of support to learners, but they also assist teachers, schools, parents and guardians, and the special education classroom as a whole.

Have you thought about becoming a paraprofessional (people experienced with kids in the special education system often make the best ones!). Perhaps you would like to learn more about the pathway taken to enter this role? If so, explore my guide to becoming a paraprofessional in special education. 

If you have any questions or would like to talk about a fantastic paraprofessional who you know, please leave a comment below or send me an email!

About the author

Emily Cummings

I am a mom of two crazy, amazing, independent, little feminists. They bring so much light to my life and a lot less sleep. Since becoming a mother and increasingly in the last year, I have witnessed parents struggling to connect with their child's special education team with no success. I have become more aware of the gaps in our public school system and how parents may benefit from empowerment and advocacy tools.

My work experiences range from a juvenile detention center to an autism specialist in the Issaquah School District and a special education teacher in a self-contained program in the Lake Washington School District. My master's in teaching focused on special education and behavioral disorders from Seattle Pacific University. I completed my BCBA coursework from Montana State University.

Want to get in touch?

I'm happy to help however I can. Email me at hello at behaviorist .com.

Special Education Aide Job Description, Key Duties and Responsibilities

This post provides detailed information on the special education aide job description, including the key tasks, duties, and responsibilities they commonly perform.

It also highlights the major requirements you may be expected to fulfill to be hired for the special education aide role.

What Does a Special Education Aide Do?

A special education aide is responsible for supporting the classroom teacher in providing special education to students with disabilities, specifically in the areas related to assistive technology and functional academics.

The special education aide job description entails supporting the classroom teacher in providing functional academics.

It includes assisting with tracking student progress, reviewing lesson plans and reports, sharing resources or materials in the classroom, and serving as an observer.

The special education aide is responsible for maintaining routine discipline procedures and providing behavioral assessment information to the classroom teacher.

They assist with group activities such as field trips and social activities to assist students with disabilities transition into mainstream classrooms.

It is also their responsibility to support students within their respective IEPs (Individualized Education Programs) by providing direct services, subbing or delegating tasks (e.g. laundry, playground supervision, cafeteria line monitoring).

Acting as an extra set of hands to assist the classroom teacher to meet the needs of all students with disabilities during group and individual activities is a valuable part of their tasks.

Communicating regularly with parents/guardians and school staff so that plans, goal setting and progress tracking can be addressed effectively is another duty they perform.

The special education aide may be asked to assist in physical exams (such as vision, hearing or scoliosis checks) and may also have a key role in maintaining medical histories on each student within their respective IEPs (Individualized Education Programs).

They work effectively with administrators, teachers and/or therapists to ensure students receive what they need in order to reach their academic and functional goals.

Special education aides maintain confidentiality at all times, protecting the privacy of each student’s disability status and IEPs (Individualized Education Programs) as well as adhering to all privacy policies/regulations in place within their school district.

They help with classroom clean-up and putting away classroom materials and equipment or assist in cleaning the classroom environment.

The special education aide work description may also involve keeping a log of students’ progress and achievements on a daily, weekly, monthly and/or annual basis.

It also entails arranging for field trips, transportation or adult accompaniment for students needing these services.

They work well with other professionals, including classroom teachers, therapists and school administrators by immediately resolving concerns in a timely manner.

The special education aide may be in charge of making appointments (i.e., speech therapy, occupational therapy, etc.); scheduling sessions, and maintaining their calendars.

They may also be asked to coordinate transport between school and home as needed.

Special education aides will have a role in in-service training and requirements, including assisting with lead sheets and field trip plans, and any other information provided by district administrators or classroom teachers.

This is to ensure all students with disabilities receive easy access to appropriate level of support in their schools.

Special Education Aide Job Description Sample/Example/Template

The special education aide job description consists of the following duties, tasks, and responsibilities:

• Providing support with adaptive technology (such as a computer screen reader)
• Providing support with vocational skills (such as printing on a computer printer)
• Making copies of books, drawings or other materials for students
• Safely transporting students in wheelchairs and/or strollers
• Translating messages from classroom teachers, paraprofessionals, aides, therapists and parents
• Assisting with student seating
• Removing and disposing of soiled clothing items
• Maintaining a clean environment (clean plastic tablecloths, wiping down equipment)
• Providing assistance with moving students to classrooms during large-group activities
• Keeping supplies organized within the special ed classroom (such as small plastic bins for scissors, paste and crayons)
• Maintaining a food and drink schedule
• Interpreting class gestures and body language for non-verbal students
• Helping to maintain student confidentiality
• Attending meetings with parents and school professionals to discuss student progress.

Special Education Aide Job Description for Resume

If you have worked before as a special education aide or are presently working in that role and are making a new resume or CV, then you can create a compelling Professional Experience section for your resume by applying the sample special education aide job description above.

You can express the duties and responsibilities you have performed or are currently carrying out as a special education aide in your resume’s Professional Experience by utilizing the ones in the special education aide job description example above.

This will show to the recruiter/employer that you have been successful performing the duties and responsibilities of a special education aide, which can significantly enhance your chances of getting hired, especially if the new position that you are applying for requires someone with some special education aide work experience.

Special Education Aide Requirements: Skills, Knowledge, and Abilities for Career Success

Here are important requirements you may be expected to meet to be hired for the special education aide job:

• Minimum age of 19 years old
• At least 18 credits in progress, with a grade point average of 3.0 or above, from a college or university that is accredited by an accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Department of
• Graduated from high school or have passed the GED (General Educational Development) test
• Possess valid driver’s license
• Willing to provide a fingerprint as part of a background check process
• Ability to successfully complete an approved law enforcement administered drug test
• Completed training in safety, using medical equipment, emergency procedures, and assistive technology used by special ed students
• Ability to meet all requirements of the school district
• Completed Level 1-5 in the National Ready Reference Training Program (NRRTP).

Special Education Aide Salary

According to Glassdoor, the national average compensation for a special education aide in the United States is $36,841 per year.

The special education aide is an extremely important member of the special education team.

The job duties and responsibilities of a special education aide are very diverse and vary by state, school district, and professional setting.

Being familiar with your school district’s policies and procedures will give you an advantage in securing a position as a special education aide.

It is advisable to network with other experienced special education aides who can help guide you through the interviewing process and offer advice on which school districts are best to work for, etc.

This post is helpful to individuals interested in the special education aide career.

They will be able to learn all they need to know about the duties and responsibilities performed by special education aides to decide if that is the right career for them.

It is also useful to recruiters/employers in making a detailed job description for the special education aide position, for use in finding competent people to hire for the role.

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Archives Education Fellowship in Special Collections

Job Details

• Participate in faculty consultations to schedule and plan archival labs
• Develop and plan class sessions, active learning exercises, and assignments
• Research and select appropriate teaching materials housed within archival, literary, and rare book collections
• Co-teach archival labs with the Archives Education Librarian as needed
• Assist students with research when they return to complete immersive assignments
• Document and assess archival lab experiences and keep accurate statistics for reporting and advocacy
• Develop outreach materials to promote and expand the teaching program, including social media/exhibits
• Participate in professional development opportunities to gain relevant skills and knowledge
• Perform additional duties as assigned; duties, responsibilities, and activities may change at any time with or without notice
• Bachelor’s degree or the equivalent in education and experience; relevant coursework preferred
• Excellent research skills
• Colby graduate preferred, due to familiarity with Colby’s history and campus culture
• Prior experience or research in an archival/rare book repository preferred
• Genuine interest in the archival and rare book fields and in teaching with primary source materials
• Outstanding interpersonal, communication, and organizational skills
• Attention to detail
• Able to work independently, exercise judgment, and manage projects with minimal supervision while also adjusting to new projects as assigned
• Must be highly motivated, flexible, and comfortable with diverse audiences
• Talent to work as a member of a team, establish priorities, and work collaboratively as a member of a diverse community within a fast-paced work environment
• Ability to promote and make accessible archival/rare book collections in creative and innovative ways
• Must demonstrate reliability and consistency during the work week; this position is intimately integrated into the daily work of the teaching program and the department.

Founded in 1813, Colby College is the 12th oldest liberal arts college in the United States.

Distinctive in its offerings, Colby provides an intimate, undergraduate-focused learning environment with a  breadth of programs  presenting students and faculty with unparalleled opportunities. A vibrant and fully integrated academic, residential, and cocurricular experience is sustained by a  diverse and supportive community . Located in Waterville, Maine, Colby is a global institution with students representing nearly every U.S. state and approximately 70 countries.

Colby’s model provides the scale and impact of larger universities coupled with intensive learning in a community committed to scholarship and discovery, multidisciplinary approaches to integrated learning, study in the liberal arts, and leading-edge programs addressing the world’s most complex challenges. Its network of partnerships with prestigious cultural, research, medical, and business institutions extends educational and scholarly collaborations, providing students with unmatched experiences leading to postgraduate success.

The College’s wide variety of programs and labs provides students and the community access to unique experiences: the  Colby College Museum of Art , the finest college art museum in the country, and the  Lunder Institute for American Art  have made the College a nationally and internationally recognized center for art scholarship;  DavisConnects  prepares students for lifelong success by combining a forward-thinking liberal arts education with extensive internship, research, and global opportunities for all students regardless of their personal networks and financial circumstances; and the 350,000-square-foot  Harold Alfond Athletics and Recreation Center , is the most advanced and comprehensive NCAA D-III facility in the country. In fall 2021, Colby opened the  Davis Institute for Artificial Intelligence , the first such institute at a liberal arts college. Colby’s new  Island Campus , consisting of Allen and Benner islands, gives Colby a significant presence on the coast of Maine for a wide range of academic programs and activities and undisturbed environments ideal for conducting interdisciplinary experiences.

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